Abstract Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare genodermatosis described in 1939, with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, characterized by compromised adhesion between epidermal keratinocytes. It has an estimated prevalence of 1/50,000, with no gender or race predilection. It results from a heterozygous mutation in the ATP2C1 gene, which encodes the transmembrane protein hSPA1C, present in all tissues, with preferential expression in keratinocytes. Mutations in the ATP2C1 gene cause changes in the synthesis of junctional proteins, leading to acantholysis. It usually begins in adulthood, with isolated cases at the extremes of life. It manifests as vesico-bullous lesions mainly in the flexural areas, which develop into erosions and crusts. Chronic lesions may form vegetative or verrucous plaques. Pruritus, a burning feeling and pain are common. It evolves with periods of remission and exacerbation, generally triggered by humidity, friction, heat, trauma and secondary infections. The diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological criteria: marked suprabasal acantholysis, loosely joined keratinocytes, giving the appearance of a “dilapidated brick wall”, with a few dyskeratotic cells. The acantholysis affects the epidermis and spares the adnexal epithelia, which helps in the differential diagnosis with pemphigus vulgaris. Direct immunofluorescence is negative. The main differential diagnoses are Darier disease, pemphigus vegetans, intertrigo, contact dermatitis, and inverse psoriasis. There is no cure and the treatment is challenging, including measures to control heat, sweat and friction, topical medications (corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antibiotics), systemic medications (antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, retinoids and immunobiologicals) and procedures such as botulinum toxin, laser and surgery. There is a lack of controlled clinical trials to support the choice of the best treatment. HaileyHailey Hailey 1939 pattern keratinocytes 150000 1 50 000 1/50,000 predilection ATPC ATP C ATP2C hSPA1C hSPAC hSPA tissues proteins adulthood life vesicobullous vesico bullous areas crusts plaques Pruritus common exacerbation humidity friction heat infections criteria dilapidated wall, wall , wall” cells epithelia vulgaris negative vegetans intertrigo dermatitis psoriasis challenging corticosteroids (corticosteroids inhibitors antibiotics, antibiotics antibiotics) (antibiotics immunosuppressants immunobiologicals toxin surgery 193 15000 5 00 1/50,00 19 1500 0 1/50,0 150 1/50, 15 1/50 1/5 1/

Abstract The intention of this article is to propose a more appropriate term for the nomination of racist practices and provide a purely relational analytical perspective, through the determination and systematization of the articulations involved. It is a work of theoretical discussion built on three problems, namely: How to name a social phenomenon (racism) that is based on a notion (human races) lacking biological support? What relationships does it include? And what is the reason for its permanence? There are three hypotheses that answer them. Firstly, the enunciative contradiction is resolved by introducing the expression “biology”. Secondly, the relationships it comprises are three: the technical one, between the physical dimension and the other human spheres; the hierarchical one, based on differential evaluations (through the dialectic of the norm-ideal/anomaly-degrading categories); and, the instrumentality one, based on the interests that it promotes and conceals. And, finally, survival is based on such instrumentalization by the hegemonic classes. There are two contributions. On the one hand, and from a somewhat interdisciplinary position, there is the justification of the use of a concept with greater precision. And, on the other, there is a need for clarification of the coupled relationships involved. Methodologically, we proceed by examining historical sources and relevant sociological and anthropological bibliography.

Resumen La intención de este artículo es proponer un término más adecuado para la nominación de las prácticas racistas y brindar una perspectiva analítica netamente relacional mediante la determinación y sistematización de las articulaciones intervinientes. Se trata de un trabajo de discusión teórica construido a partir de tres problemas, a saber: ¿cómo denominar un fenómeno social (racismo) que parte de una noción (razas humanas) carente de sustento biológico?, ¿qué relaciones comprende? y ¿a qué se debe su permanencia? Son tres las hipótesis que los responden. En primer término, la contradicción enunciativa se resuelve introduciendo la expresión biologicismo. En segundo lugar, los relacionamientos que comprende son tres: el “técnico”, entre la dimensión física y las demás esferas humanas; el jerárquico, en función de las valoraciones diferenciales (mediante la dialéctica de las categorías norma-ideal/anomalía-degradante); y el instrumental, a partir de los intereses que propicia y encubre. Finalmente, la pervivencia se basa en tal instrumentalización por parte de las clases hegemónicas. Dos son los aportes. Por un lado, y desde una posición en alguna medida interdisciplinar, la justificación del uso de un concepto con mayor precisión. Y por el otro, el esclarecimiento de las relaciones acopladas intervinientes. Metodológicamente se procede examinando fuentes históricas y bibliografía sociológica y antropológica pertinente.

ABSTRACT Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a genodermatosis caused by a monogenic defect that affects the protein ectodysplasin in tissues derived from the ectoderm. Depending on the transmission mechanism, we can distinguish three types of HED: autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and linked to the X chromosome (this being the most frequent). Although the phenotypic expression varies according to which gene is affected, all forms of HED share three clinical characteristics: hypodontia, hypohidrosis and hypothricosis. The conventional treatments have the objective of improving the patient’s quality of life, and include dental interventions such as orthodontics and dental implants, dermatological routines for dry skin, and the use of artificial sweat. In recent years, scientific research has focused on genetic engineering to treat HED, developing new promising strategies such as gene therapy with recombinant EDA1, or ER004, developed by Schneider, H. and colleagues. In someclinical trials this strategy effectively reversed clinical manifestations of the disease. Throughout the review we will address HED’s symptoms, tools for the correct diagnosis, available treatments and considerations for the differential diagnosis.

RESUMEN La displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica (DEH) es una genodermatosis producida por un defecto monogenético que afecta la proteína ectodisplasina en los tejidos derivados del ectodermo. De acuerdo al mecanismo de transmisión, podemos distinguir tres tipos de DEH: autosómica recesiva, autosómica dominante, o ligada al cromosoma X (siendo ésta la más frecuente). Si bien la expresión fenotípica presenta diferencias de acuerdo al gen afectado, las tres características clínicas de la DEH son: hipodoncia, hipotricosis e hipohidrosis. El tratamiento convencional busca mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, abarcando intervenciones dentales como ortodoncia e implantes dentales, rutinas dermatológicas para piel seca y escamosa, y el uso de sudor artificial. En los últimos años, la investigación científica desplazó el interés desde estos tratamientos hacia la ingeniería genética, surgiendo alternativas prometedoras que en ciertos ensayos clínicos lograron revertir la enfermedad, como lo es la terapia génica con EDA1 recombinante, o ER004, desarrollada por Schneider, H. A lo largo de la revisión se abordarán los síntomas de la enfermedad, las herramientas para el correcto diagnóstico y los tratamientos disponibles, así como otras condiciones a tener en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial.

ABSTRACT Boron toxicity is a severe abiotic stress affecting plant growth and productivity in semi-arid regions of the world including Anatolian plateau. In this study, we investigated antioxidative responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as well as four different B transporter and aquaporin gene activities, which are early B stress responders, by using miR408 overexpression strategy. miR408 is a conserved microRNA in plant kingdom involved in almost all physiological responses of the plants as well as responses under abiotic and biotic stresses. Our results showed that, miR408 overexpression improved overall antioxidative status of cotton plants under B stress, in terms of reduced ion leakage and malondialdehyde levels and increased proline, chlorophyll and relative water contents. We also detected strong B transporter BOR1, BOR2 and water channel PIP1;1 and PIP2;1 gene expression in cotton leaf tissues under almost all treatments. miR408 overexpressing plants exhibited differential gene expression patterns when compared to control plants, always increasing with stress duration, revealing direct or indirect regulation of the genes by miR408 under B toxicity. Our results showed that, miR408 overexpression can be used as a strategy to improve B toxicity tolerance of cotton plants to increase agricultural production or for phytoremediation purposes on B rich soils.

Abstract Round cell tumors are common cutaneous lesions in dogs, with increased occurrence percentages among different skin tumors. This study aimed to investigate the frequency as well as gross and pathological characteristics of round cell tumors in natural cases of tumorous dogs in relation to breed, sex, and age. Moreover, it aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of a panel of immunohistochemical stains, including vimentin, E-cadherin, and cluster of differentiation (CD45) as an adjunct technique for the differential diagnosis of cutaneous round cell neoplasm. Data were collected from 64 dogs of both sexes (36 females and 28 males), various breeds, and different ages (8 months to 7 years). The histopathological nature of neoplastic growth was reported, and neoplasm prevalence was classified using age, sex, breed, and site on the body. We observed 48 cases of transmissible venereal tumors, 12 cutaneous histiocytomas, and 4 histiocytic sarcoma. Immunohistochemical characterization revealed an intense positive immunoreactivity for vimentin in transmissible venereal tumor cells and moderate positive immunoreactivity for E-cadherin and CD45 in cutaneous histiocytoma and histiocytic sarcoma cells. In conclusion, the canine transmissible venereal tumor was the most frequent form of round cell tumor; thus, a definitive cutaneous neoplasm diagnosis should be based on histopathological morphology and immunohistochemical findings. breed sex age Moreover stains Ecadherin, Ecadherin E cadherin, cadherin CD (CD45 6 36 (3 2 males, males , males) breeds 8 ( years. years . years) reported body 1 histiocytomas CD4 conclusion thus findings (CD4 3 (CD

Resumo Os tumores de células redondas são lesões cutâneas comuns em cães, com percentuais de ocorrência aumentados entre os diferentes tumores de pele. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a frequência e as características macroscópicas e patológicas dos tumores de células redondas em casos naturais de cães tumorais em relação à raça, sexo e idade. Além disso, objetivou avaliar a expressão imuno-histoquímica de um painel de colorações imuno-histoquímicas, incluindo vimentina, E-caderina e cluster de diferenciação (CD45) como técnica adjuvante para o diagnóstico diferencial de neoplasia cutânea de células redondas. Foram coletados dados de 64 cães de ambos os sexos (36 fêmeas e 28 machos), de diversas raças e diferentes idades (8 meses a 7 anos). A natureza histopatológica do crescimento neoplásico foi relatada e a prevalência da neoplasia foi classificada de acordo com idade, sexo, raça e localização no corpo. Observamos 48 casos de tumores venéreos transmissíveis, 12 histiocitomas cutâneos e 4 sarcomas histiocíticos. A caracterização imuno-histoquímica revelou intensa imunorreatividade positiva para vimentina em células tumorais venéreas transmissíveis e imunorreatividade positiva moderada para E-caderina e CD45 em células de histiocitoma cutâneo e sarcoma histiocítico. Dessa forma, é possível concluir que o tumor venéreo transmissível canino foi a forma mais frequente de tumor de células redondas; assim, um diagnóstico definitivo de neoplasia cutânea deve basear-se na morfologia histopatológica e nos achados imuno-histoquímicos. pele idade disso imunohistoquímica imuno histoquímica imunohistoquímicas, imunohistoquímicas histoquímicas, histoquímicas imuno-histoquímicas Ecaderina E caderina CD (CD45 6 36 (3 2 machos, machos , machos) 8 ( anos. anos . anos) corpo 1 histiocíticos CD4 histiocítico assim basearse basear se imunohistoquímicos. imunohistoquímicos histoquímicos. histoquímicos imuno-histoquímicos (CD4 3 (CD

Abstract Producers of fish have been looking for viable alternatives for the management of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) in confinement systems in order to avoid the harm and subsequent losses caused by parasitic diseases. One alternative used by farmers is pesticides, such as trichlorfon, which has a genotoxic effect. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the changes in gene expression due to the side effects of trichlorfon in tambaqui. Two treatments were used based on LC50-96h of 0.870 mg/L using 30% and 50% trichlorfon with exposure periods of 48, 72 and 96 h. For differential expression of the genes in the liver, real-time PCR was performed for the AChE, GST, CYP2J6, CYP2C8, 18S and GAPDH genes. After 96 h of exposure to trichlorfon, an alteration in the gene expression profile of the antioxidant defense system (GST) of the tambaqui was observed. It was also observed that this organophosphate did not affect the expression of genes related to the isoenzymes that are responsible for the biotransformation of xenobiotics in phase I (2J6 and 2C8) and cholinesterase AChE. It was concluded that the reduction in gene expression of GST suggests a decrease in metabolization capacity in phase II. (tambaqui diseases pesticides effect Thus LC5096h LCh LC50 96h LC 0870 0 870 0.87 mgL mg L 30 50 48 7 9 liver realtime real time AChE CYP2J6 CYPJ CYP J CYP2C8 CYPC C S (GST 2J6 (2J 2C8 II LC5 087 87 0.8 3 5 4 CYP2J CYP2C 2J 2C 08 8 0.

Resumo Os produtores de peixes têm procurado alternativas viáveis para o manejo do Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) em sistemas de confinamento, para evitar prejuízos causados por doenças parasitárias. Uma alternativa utilizada pelos piscicultores são os pesticidas, como por exemplo o triclorfon, que apresenta efeito genotóxico. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações na expressão gênica sob os efeitos colaterais do triclorfon em peixes. Foram utilizados dois tratamentos baseados na CL50-96h de 0,870 mg/L usando 30% e 50% de triclorfon com períodos de exposição de 48, 72 e 96 horas. Para expressão diferencial dos genes no fígado, foi realizada a PCR em tempo real para os genes AChE, GST, CYP2J6, CYP2C8, 18S e GAPDH. Após 96 h de exposição ao triclorfon, observou-se uma alteração no perfil de expressão gênica do sistema de defesa antioxidante (GST) do tambaqui. Observou-se também que este organofosforado não afetou a expressão dos genes relacionados às isoenzimas responsáveis pela biotransformação de xenobióticos na fase I (2J6 e 2C8) e da colinesterase AChE. Concluiu-se que a redução na expressão gênica da GST sugere uma diminuição na capacidade de metabolização na fase II. tambaqui (tambaqui confinamento parasitárias pesticidas genotóxico forma CL5096h CLh CL50 96h CL 0870 0 870 0,87 mgL mg L 30 50 48 7 9 horas fígado AChE CYP2J6 CYPJ CYP J CYP2C8 CYPC C S GAPDH observouse observou se (GST Observouse Observou 2J6 (2J 2C8 Concluiuse Concluiu II CL5 087 87 0,8 3 5 4 CYP2J CYP2C 2J 2C 08 8 0,

Abstract Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), a popular aquaculture species, is plagued by the disease scuticociliatosis caused by Miamiensis avidus, which has a high mortality rate and is typically treated with chemicals such as formalin and hydrogen peroxide. However, Carpesii fructus extract has shown potential as a natural therapeutic agent by reducing the motility of M. avidus. However, despite its potential importance, the effect of the extract on fish metabolism remains unknown. In this study, the effect of Carpesii fructus extract and formalin on fish metabolism was analysed by whole transcriptome analysis in the liver of P. olivaceus. A total of 37,796 transcripts were generated and differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified in the liver of P. olivaceus treated with Carpesii fructus extract or formalin. In addition, functional analysis of DEGs between treatment groups was presented using Gene Ontology. These results will be crucial for the study of scuticociliatosis in various fish species, including P. olivaceus, and for the development of therapeutic agents for other diseases. Paralichthys , olivaceus) species avidus peroxide However M importance unknown P 37796 37 796 37,79 (DEGs addition Ontology diseases 3779 3 79 37,7 377 7 37,

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the differences in gene expression profiles of diploid and autotetraploid in cowpea, and provided theoretical basis for screening key genes of differential expression and ploidy breeding. The phenotypes and contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein of diploid and autotetraploid of cowpea were compared and transcriptome sequencing was performed. The autotetraploid leaves of cowpea were thicker and darker green than diploid leaves, and the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein in leaves were higher. A total of 2678 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in the diploid and autotetraploid of cowpea. Among them, there were 421 genes with higher expression of tetraploid than diploid, and 2257 genes with lower expression of tetraploid than diploid. All 2678 DEGs were annotated into the Gene Ontology (GO) functional library. The DEGs were mainly concentrated in metabolism and cell composition. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway analysis showed that cowpea diploid and autotetraploid have significant differences in flavonoid biosynthesis, degradation of other glycan, phenylpropane biosynthesis, starch sucrose metabolism, keratin, amber and wax biosynthesis, circadian rhythm and plant pathways. ABSTRACT breeding chlorophyll performed 267 (DEGs them 42 225 GO (GO library composition KEGG (KEGG biosynthesis glycan keratin pathways 26 4 22 2

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as diferenças nos perfis de expressão gênica de diplóides e autotetraplóides em feijão-caupi e fornecer base teórica para a triagem de genes-chave de expressão diferencial e melhoramento de ploidia. Os fenótipos e teores de clorofila, açúcar solúvel e proteína solúvel de diplóides e autotetraplóides de feijão-caupi foram comparados e o sequenciamento do transcriptoma foi realizado. As folhas autotetraploides do feijão-caupi apresentaram-se mais espessas e de cor verde mais escura que as folhas diplóides, e os teores de clorofila, açúcar solúvel e proteína solúvel nas folhas foram maiores. Um total de 2678 genes diferencialmente expressos (DEG) foram analisados no diplóide e autotetraploide do feijão-caupi. Entre eles, havia 421 genes com maior expressão de tetraploide do que diplóides, e 2257 genes com menor expressão de tetraploide do que diplóides. Todos os 2678 DEGs foram anotados na biblioteca funcional GO. Os DEGs foram concentrados principalmente no metabolismo e na composição celular. A análise da via KEGG mostrou que o diplóides e o autotetraplóide do feijão-caupi apresentam diferenças significativas na biossíntese de flavonoides, degradação de outros glicanos, biossíntese de fenilpropano, metabolismo da sacarose do amido, biossíntese de queratina, âmbar e cera, ritmo circadiano e vias vegetais. RESUMO feijãocaupi feijão caupi geneschave chave ploidia clorofila realizado apresentaramse apresentaram se maiores 267 DEG (DEG feijãocaupi. caupi. eles 42 225 GO celular flavonoides glicanos fenilpropano amido queratina cera vegetais 26 4 22 2

High-altitude hypoxia exposure can lead to phospholipase D-mediated lipid metabolism disorder in spleen tissues and induce ferroptosis. Nonetheless, the key genes underlying hypoxia-induced splenic phospholipase D and the ferroptosis pathway remain unclear. This study aimed to establish a hypoxia animal model. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses showed that 95 predicted target genes (proteins) were significantly differentially expressed under hypoxic conditions. Key genes in phospholipase D and ferroptosis pathways under hypoxic exposure were identified by combining Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis techniques. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that the differential gene sets of the phospholipase D and ferroptosis signaling pathways were upregulated in the high-altitude hypoxia group. The genes in the phospholipase D signalling pathway were verified, and the expression levels of KIT and DGKG were upregulated in spleen tissues under hypoxic exposure. Subsequently, the mRNA and protein expression levels of genes from the exogenous pathway such as TFRC, SLC40A1, SLC7A11, TRP53, and FTH1 and those from the endogenous pathway such as GPX4, HMOX1, and ALOX15 differentials in the ferroptosis signalling pathway were verified, and the results indicated significant differential expression. In summary, exposure to high-altitude hypoxia mediated phospholipid metabolism disturbance through the phospholipase D signalling pathway and further induced ferroptosis, leading to splenic injury. Highaltitude High altitude Dmediated Nonetheless hypoxiainduced unclear model 9 proteins (proteins conditions GO (GO KEGG (KEGG techniques GSEA (GSEA highaltitude high group verified Subsequently TFRC SLC40A1 SLCA SLC A SLC7A11 TRP53 TRP FTH GPX4 GPX HMOX1 HMOX ALOX ALOX1 summary injury SLC40A SLC7A1 TRP5 SLC7A

Abstract The osseous vascular endothelium encompasses a vast intricate framework that regulates bone remodeling. Osteoporosis, an age-associated systemic bone disease, is characterized by the degeneration of the vascular architecture. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms underpinning the metamorphosis of endothelial cells (ECs) with advancing age remain predominantly enigmatic. In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the associated pathways in juvenile and mature femoral ECs, utilizing data sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories (GSE148804) and employing bioinformatics tools. Through this approach, we successfully discerned six pivotal genes, namely Adamts1, Adamts2, Adamts4, Adamts14, Col5a1, and Col5a2. Subsequently, we constructed a miRNA-mRNA network based on miRNAs displaying differential expression between CD31hiEMCNhi and CD31lowEMCNlow ECs, utilizing online repositories for prediction. The expression of miR-466i-3p and miR-466i-5p in bone marrow ECs exhibited an inverse correlation with age. Our in vivo experiments additionally unveiled miR-466i-5p as a pivotal regulator in osseous ECs and a promising therapeutic target for age-related osteoporosis. remodeling Osteoporosis ageassociated disease architecture Nevertheless (ECs enigmatic study DEGs (DEGs GEO (GEO GSE148804 GSE (GSE148804 tools approach Adamts1 Adamts Adamts2 Adamts4 Adamts14 Col5a1 Cola Col Col5a2 Subsequently miRNAmRNA miRNA mRNA CDhiEMCNhi CD hiEMCNhi CDlowEMCNlow lowEMCNlow prediction miR466i3p miRip miR 466i 3p i p miR466i5p 5p agerelated related osteoporosis GSE14880 (GSE14880 Col5a GSE1488 (GSE1488 GSE148 (GSE148 GSE14 (GSE14 GSE1 (GSE1 (GSE

ABSTRACT Blue eggshells have become economically valuable due to their higher popularity among consumers when compared with eggs of other colors, particularly in East Asia. However, eggshell colors vary widely and gradually become lighter with the increase of age. Therefore, to determine the association between DNA methylation and gene expression on the molecular mechanism of eggshell color variation in Xuefeng Black-bone chickens, we collected the shell glands from chickens that produced dark blue eggshells and light blue eggshells, respectively, and performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) on them. The results showed that in the context of CG, DNA methylation levels were the highest compared to CHG and CHH contexts, and were negatively correlated with gene expression levels in three different gene regions in all samples, while there was no significant correlation in the contexts of CHG and CHH. Furthermore, when disregarding the location of coding genes, a total of 55 genes will show differences not only in expression levels but also in DNA methylation levels, and among the majority of differential expression genes (n=50), the DNA methylation levels in the gene body region were the highest. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed in these genes and the results showed that the genes NR1H4 and HEPHL1, ABCA4 and ABCA12, and the pathways, cell adhesion molecular, ABC transporters, ECM-receptor interaction, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, may affect the color variation of the blue eggshell of Xuefeng Black-bone chickens. Asia However age Therefore Blackbone Black bone respectively WGBS (WGBS RNASeq Seq (RNA-Seq them CG samples Furthermore 5 n=50, n50 n n=50 , 50 (n=50) NRH NR H NR1H HEPHL1 HEPHL ABCA ABCA12 pathways transporters ECMreceptor ECM receptor interaction ligandreceptor ligand n5 n=5 (n=50 ABCA1 n= (n=5 (n= (n

Abstract In phytophagous insects, adaptation to a new host is a dynamic process, in which early and later steps may be underpinned by different features of the insect genome. Here, we tested the hypothesis that early steps of this process are underpinned by a shift in gene expression patterns. We set up a short-term artificial selection experiment (10 generations) for the use of an alternative host (Cicer arietinum) on populations of the bean beetle Zabrotes subfasciatus. Using Illumina sequencing on young adult females, we show the selected populations differ in the expression of genes associated to stimuli, signalling, and developmental processes. Particularly, the “C. arietinum” population shows upregulation of histone methylation genes, which may constitute a strategy for fine-tuning the insect global gene expression network. Using qPCR on body regions, we demonstrated that the “Phaseolus vulgaris” population upregulates the genes polygalacturonase and egalitarian and that the expression of an odorant receptor transcript variant changes over generations. Moreover, in this population we detected the existence of vitellogenin (Vg) variants in both males and females, possibly harbouring canonical reproductive function in females and extracellular unknown functions in males. This study provides the basis for future genomic investigations seeking to shed light on the nature of the proximate mechanisms involved in promoting differential gene expression associated to insect development and adaptation to new hosts. insects genome Here patterns shortterm short term 10 (1 generations Cicer arietinum subfasciatus stimuli signalling processes Particularly C. C “C finetuning fine tuning network regions Phaseolus vulgaris Moreover Vg (Vg hosts 1 (

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) continues to be a leading cause of death globally, with distinct immune cell dynamics in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) playing a critical role in disease progression and patient outcomes. Sample data for STEMI and NSTEMI were downloaded from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra). Differences and correlations of immune infiltrating cells were assessed by CIBERSORT. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between STEMI and NSTEMI, followed by functional analysis. Immune-related DEGs were further identified. Some immune-related DEGs were selected to perform expression verification using real-time PCR. There was a significant difference in immune cells between STEMI and NSTEMI, including activated dendritic cells, memory CD4 T cells, mast cells, and CD8 T cells. A total of 229 DEGs were identified, with functions related to inflammatory regulation and drug metabolism. A total of 21 immune-related DEGs, which may play important roles in STEMI and NSTEMI, were identified. Among the 21 immune-related DEGs, genes like CCL18, NRP2, CXCR2, CXCL9, KIR2DL4, BPIFB1, and IL33 were significantly correlated with immune cells and had a tendency for differential expression between STEMI and NSTEMI patients. Our study reveals differences in the distribution of immune cell subsets between STEMI and NSTEMI, highlighting key immune-related genes and their association with immune cells, which may provide new insights into the treatment of AMI. AMI (AMI globally STsegment ST segment (STEMI nonSTsegment non (NSTEMI outcomes SRA (SRA https//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra. httpswwwncbinlmnihgovsra https //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra . www ncbi nlm nih gov sra (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra) CIBERSORT (DEGs analysis Immunerelated Immune immunerelated realtime real time PCR CD 22 metabolism 2 CCL18 CCL NRP2 NRP CXCR2 CXCR CXCL9 CXCL KIR2DL4 KIRDL KIR DL BPIFB1 BPIFB IL IL3 patients https//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra wwwncbinlmnihgovsra (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra CCL1 KIR2DL

Abstract Bladder cancer is the tenth most frequently diagnosed cancer globally. Classification of high- or low-grade tumors is based on cytological differentiation and is an important prognostic factor. LncRNAs regulate gene expression and play critical roles in the occurrence and development of cancer, however, there are few reports on their diagnostic value and co-expression levels with genes, which may be useful as specific biomarkers for prognosis and therapy in bladder cancer. Thus, we performed a marker lesion study to investigate whether gene/lncRNA expression in urothelial carcinoma tissues may be useful in differentiating low-grade and high-grade tumors. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the expression of the JHDM1D gene and the lncRNAs CTD-2132N18.2, SBF2-AS1, RP11-977B10.2, CTD-2510F5.4, and RP11-363E7.4 in 20 histologically diagnosed high-grade and 10 low-grade tumors. A protein-to-protein interaction network between genes associated with JHDM1D gene was constructed using STRING website. The results showed a moderate (positive) correlation between CTD-2510F5.4 and CTD2132N18.2. ROC curve analyses showed that combined JHDM1D and RP11-363E7.4 predicted tumor grade with an AUC of 0.826, showing excellent accuracy. In conclusion, the results indicated that the combined expression of JHDM1D and RP11-363E7.4 may be a prognostic biomarker and a promising target for urothelial tumor therapy. globally high lowgrade low factor however coexpression co Thus genelncRNA lncRNA highgrade RTqPCR RT qPCR JHDMD JHDM D CTD2132N18.2, CTD2132N182 CTDN CTD 2132N18.2, 2132N18 2 N CTD-2132N18.2 SBF2AS1, SBF2AS1 SBFAS SBF2 AS1, AS1 SBF AS SBF2-AS1 RP11977B10.2, RP11977B102 RPB RP11 977B10.2, 977B10 RP B RP11-977B10.2 CTD2510F5.4, CTD2510F54 CTDF 2510F5.4, 2510F5 4 F RP11363E7.4 RP11363E74 RPE 363E7.4 363E7 E RP11-363E7. 1 proteintoprotein protein website positive (positive CTD2510F5.4 2510F5.4 CTD-2510F5. CTD2132N18 CTD2132N18.2 0826 0 826 0.826 accuracy conclusion 2132N182 2132N18.2 2132N1 CTD-2132N18. SBF2AS SBF2-AS RP11977B10 RP11977B10.2 RP1 977B102 977B10.2 977B1 RP11-977B10. CTD2510F5 2510F54 2510F RP11363E7 RP11363E7. 363E74 363E7. 363E RP11-363E7 CTD2510F5. 2510F5. CTD-2510F5 CTD2132N1 CTD2132N18. 082 82 0.82 2132N18. 2132N CTD-2132N18 RP11977B1 RP11977B10. 977B10. 977B RP11-977B10 CTD2510F RP11363E RP11-363E CTD-2510F CTD2132N 08 8 0.8 CTD-2132N1 RP11977B RP11-977B1 0. CTD-2132N RP11-977B

Abstract Down syndrome (DS), affecting 1 in 700 live births, is the most prevalent chromosomal disorder among newborns. Recognizable by classical clinical features, patients with DS are susceptible to various immunological misbalances. Inflammasome is (mis)activated in several immune-mediated diseases, however studies on individuals with DS are lacking. The present study evaluated the gene expression of NLRP1, NLRP3 and IL-1β in individuals with DS, aiming to understand their susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases. In addition, we assessed whether the individuals with DS present a differential inflammatory response after in vitro infection using PBMCs. For the gene expression assay, 20 individuals with DS and 15 healthy individuals for the control group (CT) were included, while the in vitro infection assay included 10 subjects. mRNA levels from individuals with DS group showed 1.9-fold change (FC) downregulation for NLRP1 (p=0.0001), but no differences for NLRP3 and IL1β. We did not observe significant differences between lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated and untreated cells in our in vitro assays. The differential expression of NLRP1 in individuals with DS suggests a potential association with susceptibility to the development of immune-mediated diseases, but further analysis is needed to confirm this relationship. , (DS) 70 births newborns features misbalances misactivated mis activated immunemediated immune mediated diseases lacking NLRP IL1β ILβ IL 1β β addition PBMCs 2 CT (CT subjects 1.9fold 19fold fold 1.9 9 FC (FC p=0.0001, p00001 p p=0.0001 0 0001 (p=0.0001) LPStreated LPS treated assays relationship (DS 7 9fold 19 1. p0000 p=0.000 000 (p=0.0001 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.000 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p= (p