Abstract Objectives The oral cavity harbors a plethora of bacterial species. Dysbiosis of oral and gut microbiota is associated with several oral and systemic pathologies, such as cancer, obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and gastrointestinal diseases. Imbalance in the oral-gut microbial axis has been associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aims to analyze the bacterial profile of HNSCC across various taxonomic units, investigate molecular patterns associated with prevalent bacterial phylum in HNSCC, and compare the bacterial profile in HNSCC and gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoma using computational analysis. Methodology The microbe-host transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenetic analyses of HNSCC and GI carcinomas were performed using The Cancer Microbiome Atlas (TCMA) database. The differential expression of the host’s mRNA transcripts and proteins associated with tumor microbiome were analyzed using The University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis (UALCAN) and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) websites. Results A decrease in Actinobacteria and an enrichment of Flavobacteria at the class level, Neisseriales, Pasteurellales, and Campylobacterales at the order level, Pasteurellaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Campylobacteraceae, and Peptoniphilaceae at the family level, and Hemophilus, Porphyromonas, and Leptotrichia at the genus level were observed in HNSCC compared to the normal mucosa. RICTOR protein, mRNA transcripts (HIST1H2BB, SCARNA11, TBC1D21 gene), and hsa-miR-200a-5p miRNA were significantly correlated with prevalent bacterial species in HNSCC. A major increase in Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Spirochaetes was observed in HNSCC compared to GI carcinoma. Conclusion The oral-gut microbial dysbiosis, as reflected by the differential abundance of bacterial species in oral and GI carcinomas, suggests the implication of tumor microbiome and their genomic interactions with the host in carcinogenesis.

Resumen Introducción. La expresión genética varía en relación con la etapa fisiológica del cerdo y es diferente en músculo e hígado. Objetivo. Identificar los genes con expresión genética diferencial en los procesos biológicos del cerdo en los tejidos Longissimus dorsi e hígado, por medio del análisis de transcriptoma, durante las etapas de crecimiento (55 ± 1,05 kg) y engorda final (101 ± 7,8 kg). Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en la Unidad Académica de Agricultura de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, México, durante la temporada primavera-verano del año 2019. Se consideraron doce muestras totales, tres de músculo Longissimus dorsi y tres de hígado por etapa, para la extracción de ARN y la secuenciación. Con el método DESeq2 se obtuvo diferencialmente la expresión génica de los Log2FC para los grupos crecimiento y engorda final en Longissimus dorsi e hígado, y se identificó la función biológica de los genes con expresión genética diferencial. Resultados. En el hígado se identificó la mayor cantidad de genes con expresión genética diferencial, así como en el cromosoma 6, tanto en Longissimus dorsi como en el hígado. En Longissimus dorsi del grupo de crecimiento, se expresaron los genes FUT1, SESN2 y FGF21, relacionados con el crecimiento. También se identificaron genes sin expresión, como NR4A3, PDK4, PER1 y PTPRO, los cuales están involucrados en procesos del sistema inmune y ritmo circadiano. En el hígado del grupo de crecimiento, se expresaron los genes IHH y MYL7, mientras que los genes MFSD2A, LIPG, THBS1, TGFB2, LTF y APOA4, sin expresión, se identificaron como los más asociados a procesos biológicos. Conclusiones. En Longissimus dorsi del grupo de crecimiento, los genes se relacionaron con el crecimiento, y en el grupo de engorda final, con inmunidad, crecimiento y calidad de la carne. En el hígado del grupo de crecimiento, los genes se asociaron con el crecimiento, y en el grupo de engorda final, con inmunidad, crecimiento, metabolismo de nutrientes y lípidos, lipoproteínas y detoxificación.

Abstract Introduction. Gene expression varies in relation to the physiological stage of the pig and the nutritional source, and that it differs between muscle and liver. Objective. To identify genes with differential gene expression in pig biological processes in Longissimus dorsi and liver tissues, by means of transcriptome analysis, during growth (55 ± 1.05 kg) and final fattening (101 ± 7.8 kg) stages. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Academic Unit of Agriculture of the Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Mexico, during the summer of 2019. A total of twelve samples were considered, three from Longissimus dorsi muscle and three from liver per stage, for RNA extraction and sequencing. With the DESeq2 method, the gene expression of the Log2FC was obtained differentially for the growth group vs. final fattening of Longissimus dorsi and liver, and the biological function of the differentially expressed genes was identified. Results. The largest number of genes with differential gene expression was identified in the liver and on chromosome 6 in both Longissimus dorsi and liver. In Longissimus dorsi from the growth group, the genes FUT1, SESN2 and FGF21, associated with growth, were identified with high expression. Genes with low expression, such as NR4A3, PDK4, PER1 and PTPRO, involved in immune system processes and circadian rhythm, were also identified. In the liver of the growth group, the genes IHH and MYL7 were identified with high expression, while genes with low expression, including MFSD2A, LIPG, THBS1, TGFB2, LTF and APOA4, were identified as those most involved in biological processes. Conclusions. In Longissimus dorsi of the growth group, the genes were related to growth, while in the final fattening group, they were associated with immunity, growth and meat quality. In the liver of the growth group, the genes were related to growth, whereas in the final fattening group, they were associated with immunity, growth, nutrient and lipid metabolism, lipoproteins and detoxification.

Resumen Las caries y las lesiones periapicales son procesos infecciosos crónicos de etiología multifactorial. Ambas patologías proporcionan información pertinente para reconstruir la dieta, los métodos de preparación de alimentos y la higiene bucal de las sociedades pasadas. Este trabajo propone el análisis de lesiones cariogénicas y periapicales en 25 individuos procedentes del sitio La Falda (1441-1635 años AD), con el fin de contribuir a la evaluación del estado de salud oral del conjunto. La prevalencia de caries registrada fue del 21,55% de los dientes que afectaban al 80% de los individuos analizados. Las lesiones periapicales fueron observadas en aproximadamente el 5% de los sacos alveolares, los cuales corresponden al 36% de los individuos analizados. Los molares fueron los más afectados por caries, mientras que los caninos manifestaron mayor presencia de lesiones periapicales. Los individuos femeninos y los adultos medios/mayores mostraron las frecuencias más altas de ambas patologías. La prevalencia de caries indica que los individuos de esta población tenían una dieta rica en carbohidratos, tal como es esperable en sociedades agro-pastoriles. Por otro lado, la baja frecuencia de lesiones periapicales sugiere que la expresión de esta patología no estaría relacionada a las caries, sino con factores que no fueron posibles de identificar. Finalmente, ambas patologías se manifestaron con prevalencias más elevadas en femeninos, por lo que se propone que los individuos de este sexo estaban mayormente expuestos a sufrir enfermedades orales infecciosas, probablemente por un acceso diferencial a los alimentos, factores fisiológicos o una higiene oral más pobre. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 26(2), 079, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e079

Abstract Caries and periapical lesions are chronic infectious processes of multifactorial etiology. Both pathologies provide pertinent information to reconstruct the diet, food preparation methods, and oral hygiene of past societies. This work proposes the analysis of cariogenic and periapical lesions in 25 individuals from La Falda site (1441-1635 years AD), in order to contribute to the evaluation of the oral health status of this skeletal series. The prevalence of caries recorded was 21.55% of the teeth, affecting 80% of the individuals analyzed. Periapical lesions were observed in approximately 5% of tooth sockets, which correspond to 36% of the individuals analyzed. The teeth most affected by caries were molars, while periapical lesions were registered mainly in canines. Females and middle/older adults had the highest prevalence of both pathologies. The prevalence of caries indicates that the individuals in this population had a diet rich in carbohydrates, as expected in agro-pastoral societies. On the other hand, the low prevalence of periapical lesions suggests that the expression of this pathology would not be related to caries, but rather to factors that were not possible to identify. Finally, both pathologies manifested with higher prevalence in females, and therefore it is proposed that individuals of this sex were more exposed to infectious oral diseases, probably due to a differential access to food, physiological factors, or poorer oral hygiene. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 26(2), 079, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e079

ABSTRACT Lung cancer accounts for 1,800,000 deaths worldwide. Lung neoplasms are divided into non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. The first covers 80% of cases and is subdivided into adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study is to analyze a potential therapeutic molecular target in non-small cell lung cancer using an in silico approach. The methodology included a differential expression analysis using GEO2R, followed by a comparison of genes with databases such as Malacards, Harmonizome and KEGG. In addition, interaction networks were built using Cytoscape to identify interactions between cancer-related genes. Subsequently, DrugBank was used to identify a potential therapeutic target and the druggable site was recognized through DOGSiteScorer. The results indicate that the drug Rimegepant shows favorable pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties, suggesting that it could be a viable alternative for the development of drugs targeting the HRAS protein. This finding opens up new perspectives for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, improving its therapeutic approach.

RESUMEN El cáncer de pulmón ocasiona 1.800.000 muertes a nivel mundial. Las neoplasias pulmonares se dividen en cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas y cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas. El primero abarca el 80% de los casos y se subdivide en adenocarcinoma, carcinoma de células grandes y carcinoma de células escamosas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar una posible diana molecular terapéutica en el cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas mediante un enfoque in silico. La metodología incluyó un análisis de expresión diferencial utilizando GEO2R, seguido de una comparación de genes con bases de datos como Malacards, Harmonizome y KEGG. Además, se construyeron redes de interacción mediante Cytoscape para identificar las interacciones entre los genes relacionados con el cáncer. Posteriormente, se empleó DrugBank para identificar una posible diana terapéutica y se reconoció el sitio drogable a través de DOGSiteScorer. Los resultados indican que el fármaco Rimegepant muestra propiedades farmacocinéticas y de toxicidad favorables, lo que sugiere que podría ser una alternativa viable para el desarrollo de medicamentos dirigidos a la proteína HRAS. Este hallazgo abre nuevas perspectivas para el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas, mejorando su abordaje terapéutico.

Abstract Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare genodermatosis described in 1939, with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, characterized by compromised adhesion between epidermal keratinocytes. It has an estimated prevalence of 1/50,000, with no gender or race predilection. It results from a heterozygous mutation in the ATP2C1 gene, which encodes the transmembrane protein hSPA1C, present in all tissues, with preferential expression in keratinocytes. Mutations in the ATP2C1 gene cause changes in the synthesis of junctional proteins, leading to acantholysis. It usually begins in adulthood, with isolated cases at the extremes of life. It manifests as vesico-bullous lesions mainly in the flexural areas, which develop into erosions and crusts. Chronic lesions may form vegetative or verrucous plaques. Pruritus, a burning feeling and pain are common. It evolves with periods of remission and exacerbation, generally triggered by humidity, friction, heat, trauma and secondary infections. The diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological criteria: marked suprabasal acantholysis, loosely joined keratinocytes, giving the appearance of a “dilapidated brick wall”, with a few dyskeratotic cells. The acantholysis affects the epidermis and spares the adnexal epithelia, which helps in the differential diagnosis with pemphigus vulgaris. Direct immunofluorescence is negative. The main differential diagnoses are Darier disease, pemphigus vegetans, intertrigo, contact dermatitis, and inverse psoriasis. There is no cure and the treatment is challenging, including measures to control heat, sweat and friction, topical medications (corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antibiotics), systemic medications (antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, retinoids and immunobiologicals) and procedures such as botulinum toxin, laser and surgery. There is a lack of controlled clinical trials to support the choice of the best treatment. HaileyHailey Hailey 1939 pattern keratinocytes 150000 1 50 000 1/50,000 predilection ATPC ATP C ATP2C hSPA1C hSPAC hSPA tissues proteins adulthood life vesicobullous vesico bullous areas crusts plaques Pruritus common exacerbation humidity friction heat infections criteria dilapidated wall, wall , wall” cells epithelia vulgaris negative vegetans intertrigo dermatitis psoriasis challenging corticosteroids (corticosteroids inhibitors antibiotics, antibiotics antibiotics) (antibiotics immunosuppressants immunobiologicals toxin surgery 193 15000 5 00 1/50,00 19 1500 0 1/50,0 150 1/50, 15 1/50 1/5 1/

ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, of multi-factorial etiology, which can begin at any age, but preferably between 20 and 40 years. It is manifested by various neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Psychiatric manifestations may be an expression of a psychiatric disorder itself, a disorder due to MS, a disorder reactive to its somatic and functional consequences and/or an adverse effect of treatment; It is often difficult to clarify its pathogenesis. Depression and anxiety are the psychiatric conditions with the highest prevalence in people with MS. Less frequent are psychosis (less than 4%) and mania (less than 6%). The findings for psychosis are still inconclusive and further studies are required. The clinical case of a 60-year-old patient, diagnosed with Progressive MS at age 59, is presented. About 10 years earlier he had started with changes in his personality and functioning, then distressing symptoms and physical decay. Six months before diagnosis, neurological signs began and a year after starting these, psychotic symptoms were added that progressively intensified and diversified over the course of six months, severely compromising its functioning and requiring psychiatric hospitalization. It was treated with atypical neuroleptics. Its probable onset with psychiatric manifestations and differential psychiatric diagnosis is discussed. It is estimated to be a maniform psychotic disorder due to MS and highlights the importance of preventive measures to improve the timeliness of diagnosis.

RESUMEN La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad desmielinizante del sistema nervioso central, de etiología multifactorial, que puede iniciarse a cualquier edad, pero preferentemente entre los 20 y los 40 años. Se manifiesta por variados síntomas neurológicos y psiquiátricos. Las manifestaciones psiquiátricas pueden ser expresión de un trastorno psiquiátrico propiamente tal, un trastorno debido a la EM, un trastorno reactivo a sus consecuencias somáticas y funcionales y/o un efecto adverso del tratamiento; siendo muchas veces difícil clarificar su patogénesis. La depresión y ansiedad son los cuadros psiquiátricos con mayores prevalencias en personas con EM. Menos frecuente son la psicosis (menor a 4%) y la manía (inferior a 6%). Los hallazgos para la psicosis aún no son concluyentes y se requiere de más estudios. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 60 años, diagnosticada de EM Progresiva a los 59 años. Aproximadamente 10 años antes había comenzado con cambios en su personalidad y funcionamiento, luego síntomas angustiosos y decaimiento físico. Seis meses antes del diagnóstico inició signos neurológicos y al año de haber empezado éstos se agregaron síntomas psicóticos que se intensificaron y diversificaron progresivamente en el transcurso de seis meses, llegando a comprometer severamente su funcionamiento y a requerir hospitalización psiquiátrica. Se trató con neurolépticos atípicos. Se discute su probable inicio con manifestaciones psiquiátricas y el diagnóstico psiquiátrico diferencial. Se estima se trata de un trastorno psicótico maniforme debido a la EM y se destaca la importancia de medidas preventivas para mejorar la oportunidad del diagnóstico.

Resumen La intención de este artículo es proponer un término más adecuado para la nominación de las prácticas racistas y brindar una perspectiva analítica netamente relacional mediante la determinación y sistematización de las articulaciones intervinientes. Se trata de un trabajo de discusión teórica construido a partir de tres problemas, a saber: ¿cómo denominar un fenómeno social (racismo) que parte de una noción (razas humanas) carente de sustento biológico?, ¿qué relaciones comprende? y ¿a qué se debe su permanencia? Son tres las hipótesis que los responden. En primer término, la contradicción enunciativa se resuelve introduciendo la expresión biologicismo. En segundo lugar, los relacionamientos que comprende son tres: el “técnico”, entre la dimensión física y las demás esferas humanas; el jerárquico, en función de las valoraciones diferenciales (mediante la dialéctica de las categorías norma-ideal/anomalía-degradante); y el instrumental, a partir de los intereses que propicia y encubre. Finalmente, la pervivencia se basa en tal instrumentalización por parte de las clases hegemónicas. Dos son los aportes. Por un lado, y desde una posición en alguna medida interdisciplinar, la justificación del uso de un concepto con mayor precisión. Y por el otro, el esclarecimiento de las relaciones acopladas intervinientes. Metodológicamente se procede examinando fuentes históricas y bibliografía sociológica y antropológica pertinente.

Abstract The intention of this article is to propose a more appropriate term for the nomination of racist practices and provide a purely relational analytical perspective, through the determination and systematization of the articulations involved. It is a work of theoretical discussion built on three problems, namely: How to name a social phenomenon (racism) that is based on a notion (human races) lacking biological support? What relationships does it include? And what is the reason for its permanence? There are three hypotheses that answer them. Firstly, the enunciative contradiction is resolved by introducing the expression “biology”. Secondly, the relationships it comprises are three: the technical one, between the physical dimension and the other human spheres; the hierarchical one, based on differential evaluations (through the dialectic of the norm-ideal/anomaly-degrading categories); and, the instrumentality one, based on the interests that it promotes and conceals. And, finally, survival is based on such instrumentalization by the hegemonic classes. There are two contributions. On the one hand, and from a somewhat interdisciplinary position, there is the justification of the use of a concept with greater precision. And, on the other, there is a need for clarification of the coupled relationships involved. Methodologically, we proceed by examining historical sources and relevant sociological and anthropological bibliography.

RESUMEN El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre la respiración de la población microbiana asociada a la rizosfera de Saccharum officinarum L. En experimento de larga duración, Umln_6, plantado con Saccharum officinarum L., y seis niveles de nitrógeno, ubicado en la provincia Santiago de Cuba. Se determinó la respiración microbiana, mediante valoraciones químicas en medio cerrado, el rendimiento agrícola y la interacción con variables químicas y meteorológicas del ecosistema. Los datos se procesaron por análisis de varianza factorial, modelo AMMI y ACP. La variable respiratoria tuvo un comportamiento diferencial para los niveles de N aplicados y la fenología del cultivo, además de la influencia de estos factores sobre las propiedades químicas del suelo que alcanza su valor máximo con una dosis promedio de N, de 100.6 kg.ha-1. Los resultados indican que la evaluación de las interacciones caña de azúcar-microorganismos del suelo puede ser útil para un mejor manejo de la fertilización nitrogenada.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the respiration of the microbial population associated with the rhizosphere of Saccharum officinarum L. The quantities of soil microorganisms as an expression of its quality, allow establishing relationships with its chemical properties, by determining microbial respiration. In a long-term experiment, Umln_6, planted with Saccharum officinarum L., and six levels of nitrogen, planted in Santiago of Cuba province. The microbial respiration was determined through chemical assessments in a closed environment, agricultural yield and the interaction with chemical and meteorological variables of the ecosystem. The data were processed by factorial variance analysis, AMMI model and PCA. The respiratory variable had a differential behavior for the levels of N applied and the phenology of the crop, in addition to the influence of these factors on the chemical properties of the soil that reaches its maximum value with an average dose of N, of 100.6 kg.ha-1. The results indicate that the evaluation of sugarcane-soil microorganism interactions can be useful for better management of nitrogen fertilization.

RESUMEN La displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica (DEH) es una genodermatosis producida por un defecto monogenético que afecta la proteína ectodisplasina en los tejidos derivados del ectodermo. De acuerdo al mecanismo de transmisión, podemos distinguir tres tipos de DEH: autosómica recesiva, autosómica dominante, o ligada al cromosoma X (siendo ésta la más frecuente). Si bien la expresión fenotípica presenta diferencias de acuerdo al gen afectado, las tres características clínicas de la DEH son: hipodoncia, hipotricosis e hipohidrosis. El tratamiento convencional busca mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, abarcando intervenciones dentales como ortodoncia e implantes dentales, rutinas dermatológicas para piel seca y escamosa, y el uso de sudor artificial. En los últimos años, la investigación científica desplazó el interés desde estos tratamientos hacia la ingeniería genética, surgiendo alternativas prometedoras que en ciertos ensayos clínicos lograron revertir la enfermedad, como lo es la terapia génica con EDA1 recombinante, o ER004, desarrollada por Schneider, H. A lo largo de la revisión se abordarán los síntomas de la enfermedad, las herramientas para el correcto diagnóstico y los tratamientos disponibles, así como otras condiciones a tener en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial.

ABSTRACT Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a genodermatosis caused by a monogenic defect that affects the protein ectodysplasin in tissues derived from the ectoderm. Depending on the transmission mechanism, we can distinguish three types of HED: autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and linked to the X chromosome (this being the most frequent). Although the phenotypic expression varies according to which gene is affected, all forms of HED share three clinical characteristics: hypodontia, hypohidrosis and hypothricosis. The conventional treatments have the objective of improving the patient’s quality of life, and include dental interventions such as orthodontics and dental implants, dermatological routines for dry skin, and the use of artificial sweat. In recent years, scientific research has focused on genetic engineering to treat HED, developing new promising strategies such as gene therapy with recombinant EDA1, or ER004, developed by Schneider, H. and colleagues. In someclinical trials this strategy effectively reversed clinical manifestations of the disease. Throughout the review we will address HED’s symptoms, tools for the correct diagnosis, available treatments and considerations for the differential diagnosis.

ABSTRACT Boron toxicity is a severe abiotic stress affecting plant growth and productivity in semi-arid regions of the world including Anatolian plateau. In this study, we investigated antioxidative responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as well as four different B transporter and aquaporin gene activities, which are early B stress responders, by using miR408 overexpression strategy. miR408 is a conserved microRNA in plant kingdom involved in almost all physiological responses of the plants as well as responses under abiotic and biotic stresses. Our results showed that, miR408 overexpression improved overall antioxidative status of cotton plants under B stress, in terms of reduced ion leakage and malondialdehyde levels and increased proline, chlorophyll and relative water contents. We also detected strong B transporter BOR1, BOR2 and water channel PIP1;1 and PIP2;1 gene expression in cotton leaf tissues under almost all treatments. miR408 overexpressing plants exhibited differential gene expression patterns when compared to control plants, always increasing with stress duration, revealing direct or indirect regulation of the genes by miR408 under B toxicity. Our results showed that, miR408 overexpression can be used as a strategy to improve B toxicity tolerance of cotton plants to increase agricultural production or for phytoremediation purposes on B rich soils.

RESUMO O perfeccionismo é caracterizado pelo estabelecimento de padrões elevados de desempenho, acompanhados de autoavaliações hipercríticas e preocupação com a possibilidade de cometer erros. A procrastinação é uma falha na autorregulação, na qual um curso de ação planejado é voluntariamente adiado, apesar das consequências negativas. Uma vez que o ambiente acadêmico é um contexto que promove a busca pela excelência, torna-se propício para a expressão do perfeccionismo e o estudo de seus correlatos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender a relação entre perfeccionismo e procrastinação em universitários argentinos. Tratou-se de um estudo não experimental, transversal, de alcance descritivo, correlacional e de diferença de grupos. Participaram 395 estudantes, 292 mulheres e 103 homens; 66.1% (n=261) foram classificados como não perfeccionistas (NP), 19% (n=75) como perfeccionistas desadaptativos (PD) e 14.9% (n=59) como perfeccionistas adaptativos (PA). 95.7% (n=378) dos estudantes procrastinavam. Foram encontradas associações diferenciais entre as dimensões positiva e negativa do perfeccionismo com a procrastinação. Os PA obtiveram pontuações médias significativamente mais baixas em procrastinação do que os NP e os PD, [F(2)=10.26, p<.001]. Essas descobertas fornecem novas evidências sobre a multidimensionalidade do perfeccionismo.

ABSTRACT Perfectionism is characterized by the establishment of high standards for performance, together with an excessively critical self-evaluation, and a growing concern about making mistakes. Procrastination is a failure in self-regulation, where a planned course of action is voluntarily delayed despite negative consequences. Since the academic environment is a context that promotes the pursuit of excellence, it is conducive to the expression of perfectionism and the study of its correlates. The goal of the present study was to analyze the relationship between perfectionism and procrastination in Argentine university students. It was a non-experimental, crosssectional study of descriptive, correlational, and group difference scope. A total of 395 students participated, 292 females and 103 males; 66.1% (n=261) scored as non-perfectionists (NP), 19% (n=75) as maladaptive perfectionists (MP), and 14.9% (n=59) as adaptive perfectionists (AP). We found that 95.7% of students (n=378) procrastinated. Differential associations were found between the positive and negative dimensions of perfectionism with procrastination. Comparatively, AP reported lower levels of procrastination than MP and NP, [F(2)=10.26, p<.001]. These findings are consistent with a multidimensional conception of perfectionism.

RESUMEN El perfeccionismo se caracteriza por el establecimiento de altos estándares de desempeño que se acompañan de autoevaluaciones hipercríticas y preocupación por cometer errores. La procrastinación es una falla en la autorregulación, en la que voluntariamente se retrasa un curso de acción previsto a pesar de las consecuencias negativas. Dado que el ámbito académico es un contexto que promueve la búsqueda de la excelencia, éste resulta propicio para la expresión del perfeccionismo y el estudio de sus correlatos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la relación entre perfeccionismo y procrastinación en universitarios argentinos. Se trató de un estudio no experimental, transversal, de alcance descriptivo, correlacional y de diferencia de grupos. Participaron 395 estudiantes, 292 mujeres y 103 varones, un 66.1% (n=261) resultaron no perfeccionistas (NP), un 19% (n=75) perfeccionistas desadaptativos (PD) y un 14.9% (n=59) perfeccionistas adaptativos (PA). El 95.7% (n=378) de los estudiantes procrastinaba. Se hallaron asociaciones diferenciales entre la dimensión positiva y negativa de perfeccionismo con procrastinación. Los PA obtuvieron puntajes medios significativamente más bajos en procrastinación que los NP y los PD, [F(2)=10.26, p<.001]. Estos hallazgos aportan nueva evidencia sobre la multidimensionalidad del perfeccionismo.

Abstract Synaptic dysfunction is an early feature in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis and a major morphological correlate of memory deficits. Given the main synaptic location of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), their dysregulation has been implicated in these pathological effects. Here, to detect possible alterations in the expression and synaptic localisation of the GluN1 subunit in the brain of amyloidogenic APP/PS1 mice, we employed histoblot and SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labelling (SDS-FRL) techniques. Histoblots showed that GluN1 expression was significantly reduced in the hippocampus in a layer-dependent manner, in the cortex and the caudate putamen of APP/PS1 transgenic mice at 12 months of age but was unaltered at 1 and 6 months. Using quantitative SDS-FRL, we unravelled the molecular organisation of GluN1 in seven excitatory synapse populations at a high spatial resolution in the CA1 and CA3 fields and the DG of the hippocampus in 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice. In the CA1 field, the labelling density for GluN1 in the excitatory synapses established on spines and interneurons, was significantly reduced in APP/PS1 mice compared to age-matched wild-type mice in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare but unaltered in the stratum radiatum. In the CA3 field, synaptic GluN1 was reduced in mossy fibre-CA3 pyramidal cell synapses but unaltered in the A/C-CA3 pyramidal cell synapses. In the DG, the density of GluN1 in granule cell-perforant pathway synapses was reduced in APP/PS1 mice. Altogether, our findings provide evidence of specific alterations of synaptic GluN1 in the trisynaptic circuit of the hippocampus in Aβ pathology. This differential vulnerability in the disruption of NMDARs may be involved in the mechanisms causing abnormal network activity of the hippocampal circuit and cognitive impairment characteristic of APP/PS1 mice.

ABSTRACT To explore the important long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and its target genes in Tibetan chicken ovarian tissue, whole transcriptome sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods were used to analyze and predict lncRNA, differential expression of mRNA, and lncRNA between the two different breeds using DESeq2 software. The study predicted the Antisense and Cis regulatory target genes of differentially expressed lncRNA and performed functional annotation of GO, and analysis of the KEGG signaling pathway in these target genes. Quantitative fluorescence PCR was conducted in real time to validate the expression of important target genes. The results showed the discovery of 532 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 340 of which upregulated and 292 downregulated, as well as 2314 differentially expressed mRNAs, with 983 being upregulated and 1331 downregulated. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were found to regulate 48 differentially expressed mRNAs in the sense direction, and 14 in the antisense direction. Enrichment analysis on the intersection of target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs showed enrichment mainly in KEGG signaling pathways such as TGF-β signaling pathway (ko04350), organic selenium compound metabolism (ko00450), and oocyte meiosis (ko04114). The quantitative fluorescence PCR validation of important target genes such as CYP17A1, PTPN5, ACSL3, Nf2, CYP11A1 showed consistent results with RNA-seq results. This indicates the presence of lncRNA and mRNA with different expression levels and specific expression in the ovarian tissues of Tibetan and Roman chickens, and that genes such as CYP17A1, PTPN5, ACSL3, Nf2, and CYP11A1 may be key factors regulating the laying performance of Tibetan chickens. (lncRNA tissue DESeq software GO 53 34 29 downregulated 231 98 133 4 direction 1 TGFβ TGF β ko04350, ko04350 ko , (ko04350) ko00450, ko00450 (ko00450) ko04114. ko04114 . (ko04114) CYP17A1 CYPA CYP A PTPN5 PTPN ACSL3 ACSL Nf2 Nf CYP11A RNAseq seq chickens 5 3 2 23 9 13 ko0435 (ko04350 ko0045 (ko00450 ko0411 (ko04114 CYP17A ko043 (ko0435 ko004 (ko0045 ko041 (ko0411 ko04 (ko043 ko00 (ko004 (ko041 ko0 (ko04 (ko00 (ko0 (ko

Abstract Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), a popular aquaculture species, is plagued by the disease scuticociliatosis caused by Miamiensis avidus, which has a high mortality rate and is typically treated with chemicals such as formalin and hydrogen peroxide. However, Carpesii fructus extract has shown potential as a natural therapeutic agent by reducing the motility of M. avidus. However, despite its potential importance, the effect of the extract on fish metabolism remains unknown. In this study, the effect of Carpesii fructus extract and formalin on fish metabolism was analysed by whole transcriptome analysis in the liver of P. olivaceus. A total of 37,796 transcripts were generated and differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified in the liver of P. olivaceus treated with Carpesii fructus extract or formalin. In addition, functional analysis of DEGs between treatment groups was presented using Gene Ontology. These results will be crucial for the study of scuticociliatosis in various fish species, including P. olivaceus, and for the development of therapeutic agents for other diseases. Paralichthys , olivaceus) species avidus peroxide However M importance unknown P 37796 37 796 37,79 (DEGs addition Ontology diseases 3779 3 79 37,7 377 7 37,

Abstract In phytophagous insects, adaptation to a new host is a dynamic process, in which early and later steps may be underpinned by different features of the insect genome. Here, we tested the hypothesis that early steps of this process are underpinned by a shift in gene expression patterns. We set up a short-term artificial selection experiment (10 generations) for the use of an alternative host (Cicer arietinum) on populations of the bean beetle Zabrotes subfasciatus. Using Illumina sequencing on young adult females, we show the selected populations differ in the expression of genes associated to stimuli, signalling, and developmental processes. Particularly, the “C. arietinum” population shows upregulation of histone methylation genes, which may constitute a strategy for fine-tuning the insect global gene expression network. Using qPCR on body regions, we demonstrated that the “Phaseolus vulgaris” population upregulates the genes polygalacturonase and egalitarian and that the expression of an odorant receptor transcript variant changes over generations. Moreover, in this population we detected the existence of vitellogenin (Vg) variants in both males and females, possibly harbouring canonical reproductive function in females and extracellular unknown functions in males. This study provides the basis for future genomic investigations seeking to shed light on the nature of the proximate mechanisms involved in promoting differential gene expression associated to insect development and adaptation to new hosts. insects genome Here patterns shortterm short term 10 (1 generations Cicer arietinum subfasciatus stimuli signalling processes Particularly C. C “C finetuning fine tuning network regions Phaseolus vulgaris Moreover Vg (Vg hosts 1 (