The way Family Health teams work can encourage sharing between different fields of knowledge and the development of interprofessional collaborative practices. The objective was to understand how interprofessional collaborative practices are built in the work process in Family Health units. Exploratory, descriptive research, with quantitative and qualitative approaches, carried out with Family Health teams from 26 municipalities in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, using secondary data and semi-structured interviews. From the analysis, two thematic categories emerged: the development of interprofessional work and aspects related to the team. The construction of interprofessional collaborative practices permeates collective spaces in moments of professional integration. However, there are weaknesses arising from the fragmentation of professional practices and the lack of user-centeredness.

O modo de trabalhar das equipes de Saúde da Família pode favorecer o compartilhamento entre diferentes campos de saberes e o desenvolvimento de práticas colaborativas interprofissionais. Objetivou-se compreender como se dá a construção de práticas colaborativas interprofissionais no processo de trabalho em unidades de Saúde da Família (USF). Investigação exploratória, descritiva, com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa, realizada com equipes de Saúde da Família de 26 municípios do interior paulista, utilizando dados secundários e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Da análise, emergiram duas categorias temáticas: o desenvolvimento do trabalho interprofissional e aspectos relacionados com a equipe. A construção das práticas colaborativas interprofissionais perpassa os espaços coletivos em momentos de integração dos profissionais. Porém, existem fragilidades decorrentes da fragmentação das práticas profissionais e da não centralidade no usuário.

El modo de trabajar de los equipos de Salud de la Familia puede favorecer la compartición entre diferentes campos de saberes y el desarrollo de prácticas colaborativas interprofesionales. El objetivo fue comprender cómo se realiza la construcción de prácticas colaborativas interprofesionales en el proceso de trabajo en unidades de Salud de la Familia. Una investigación exploratoria, descriptiva, con abordajes cuantitativo y cualitativo, realizada con equipos de Salud de la Familia de 26 municipios del interior del Estado de São Paulo, utilizando datos secundarios y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Del análisis surgieron dos categorías temáticas: el desarrollo del trabajo interprofesional y aspectos relacionados con el equipo. La construcción de las prácticas colaborativas interprofesionales atraviesa los espacios colectivos, en momentos de integración de los profesionales. No obstante, hay fragilidades provenientes de la fragmentación de las prácticas profesionales y de la no centralidad en el usuario.

Abstract: The approach to the urban development plan by Brazilian architect Lucio Costa for the Alagados neighborhood (1972) emphasizes the dimension of social housing in its urban planning, highlighting the incorporations carried out in response to the revisions of the modern movement. The study contextualizes revisionist approaches in urban plans, focusing on housing clusters in superblocks and their relationship with public facilities, bringing out the organicist paradigm, aiming for flexibility in urban planning. An approach is taken that includes a specific architectural historiography and design theory, reviewing Lucio Costa's proposal through the analysis of documents, plans, and works. Given the disagreement between social housing policy based on utopian ideals and real estate interests, Lucio Costa's superblock proposal presents its adaptable morphology, concluding that the implementation of Lucio Costa's proposal could possibly have provided substantial positive results to Alagados.

Resumen: El enfoque del plan de desarrollo urbano del arquitecto brasileño Lucio Costa para el vecindario de Alagados (1972) enfatiza la dimensión de la vivienda social en su planificación urbana, destacando las incorporaciones llevadas a cabo en respuesta a las revisiones del movimiento moderno. El estudio contextualiza los enfoques revisionistas en los planes urbanos, centrándose en los grupos de viviendas en los superbloques y su relación con las instalaciones públicas, lo que resalta el paradigma orgánico, con el objetivo de flexibilidad en la planificación urbana. Se adopta un enfoque que incluye una teoría de historiografía y diseño arquitectónica específica, revisando la propuesta de Lucio Costa a través del análisis de documentos, planes y trabajos. Dado el desacuerdo entre la política de vivienda social basada en ideales utópicos e intereses inmobiliarios, la propuesta de superbloque de Lucio Costa presenta su morfología adaptable, concluyendo que posiblemente la implementación de la propuesta de Lucio Costa podría haber proporcionado resultados positivos sustanciales a los Alagados.

RESUMEN En el artículo, a partir del análisis lógico histórico, se exponen algunas consideraciones sobre el proceso de socialización del campesino en Cuba, y se precisa su lugar en la actualidad. El trabajo repasa algunos momentos de la socialización agraria, en general, y analiza algunas de las contradicciones que ha supuesto este proceso. Se acerca a los diferentes tipos socioeconómicos que han participado en la socialización del campesino, entre estos, las formas cooperativas y la usufructuaria libre de la tierra. Allega algunas ideas a tener en consideración para el desarrollo de una posible política agraria nacional. Por último, precisa el lugar de la Cooperativa de Créditos y Servicios, el desarrollo de la economía familiar, cooperativa y comunal.

ABSTRACT In the article, based on historical logical analysis, some considerations are presented about the process of socialization of the peasant in Cuba, specifying its place today. The work reviews some moments of the process of agrarian socialization in general and analyzes some of the contradictions that the process has entailed. It approaches the different socioeconomic types that have participated in the process of socialization of the peasant, the cooperatives and the free usufructuary of the land. It contains some ideas to take into consideration for the development of a possible national agrarian policy. Finally, it specifies the possible place of the Credit and Services Cooperative, the development of the family, cooperative and communal economy.

There is widespread agreement that skills development is a vital dimension of the just energy transition (JET). Skills development for JET is rapidly emerging and involves complex inter-sectoral systems of skills development and new methods for demand analysis. Currently in South Africa, learning pathways into green jobs, enterprise development and more sustainable job options, including those required for JET at entry and technical levels, are unclear, ad hoc and fragmented. At best, we have fragmented offerings of courses and qualifications and few systemic approaches to skills analysis and development. There is also a narrow reliance on supply and demand discourses that are ill-fitting for the type of skills that need to be developed. Drawing on a group of regional and local studies focusing on skills supply and demand for JET, the paper analyses the responsiveness of skills systems, with specific focus on institutions and institutional arrangements that underpin skills planning and anticipation. The paper critiques the metaphor of 'supply' and 'demand', which, it argues, is the wrong lens, as it focuses attention on certain parts of the skills system dislocated from the broader conditions that they are imbedded in. We pose new methodological questions for engaged skills research that can enable a green and just future, and the systemic transformations that are needed to catalyse a low-carbon transition. SIGNIFICANCE: The research findings offer a critical reflection on the current approach to research focused on skills for the just energy transition. The review highlights the limitations of the dominant supply-demand approach of skills analysis, and we argue that it promotes a neoliberal, market-led discourse on skills that privileges industry and excludes the voices of communities and workers.

Research that directs the way stakeholders act and how they collaborate is essential when addressing complex environmental challenges in the field of sustainability science. For example, researchers attempting to manage Prosopis invasions through biological control in South Africa have historically faced challenges from stakeholders. In this study we illustrate the importance of stakeholder engagement and social learning by outlining the collaborative efforts of various stakeholders to promote effective, integrative and sustainable management of Prosopis invasions in the Northern Cape, South Africa. Through a community of practice approach, stakeholders worked together over the past half-decade in an attempt to develop a National Strategy for Prosopis management and improve its control. This strategy aimed not only to emphasise the need for integration of biomass use (aimed at offsetting the costs of mechanical clearing and necessary herbicide use) but also to underscore the significance of biocontrol alongside other management approaches. Stakeholders also identified that adequate farm-scale planning is necessary to provide a sense of purpose and assist in monitoring of progress. We worked alongside land managers and experts to develop such plans. The engagement of local champions played a crucial role in facilitating collaboration and learning among stakeholders, emphasising the significance of inclusive approaches in addressing complex sustainability challenges. In addition, we gained an understanding of how to develop the community of practice to enhance collaboration that ensures the implementation of plans to better manage Prosopis. Our findings underscore the necessity of meaningful stakeholder engagement and collaboration in effective invasive species management. By promoting understanding and involvement of diverse stakeholders, initiatives can have a greater impact in addressing broader sustainability issues. SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings highlight the fundamental role of stakeholder collaboration in addressing environmental challenges (e.g. biological invasions), promoting sustainability and fostering social learning. Collaboration facilitates exchange of knowledge, promotes social learning and allows stakeholders to make informed decisions when addressing sustainability issues. Collaborative approaches promote the effectiveness of a community of practice in managing Prosopis invasions in South Africa. Local champions played a pivotal role in facilitating collaboration, bridging communication gaps and promoting inclusive approaches. Sustained stakeholder engagement, transdisciplinary collaborations, effective biological control and market development for biomass products will be essential to improve the sustainable management Prosopis.

SIGNIFICANCE: A key challenge facing those interested in developing sustainability science engagement and engaged sustainability science approaches is identifying relevant sources of funding for transdisciplinary forms of science that involve multi-actors in the scientific knowledge generation process. This Commentary provides an overview of progress made in the international research funding sector towards support for such research through large-scale granting mechanisms, and points to some challenges that remain.

Inter- and transdisciplinary curricula can potentially develop an integrated understanding of an increasingly interconnected, complex world and develop students' agency, empathy, creativity and critical thinking skills. Within the South African qualification landscape, the Postgraduate Diploma (PGDip) is identified as a multi-or interdisciplinary qualification that allows working professionals 'to undertake advanced reflection and development by means of a systematic survey of current thinking, practice and research methods in an area of specialisation'. In this paper, four academics reflexively share their experiences of (re)developing and piloting transdisciplinary curricula for the PGDip in Sustainable Development (at Stellenbosch University) and the PGDip in Sustainability Learning (at Rhodes University). Reflections centre around the rationale, context and emergence of the two programmes, their structure and intended learning outcomes, and principles guiding the overall curriculum design. We highlight the appropriateness of transdisciplinary approaches to curricula focused on the sustainability field, and it distils three broad features of the two PGDip programmes that seem important - even necessary - for developing students' competencies as sustainability practitioners. These are ontological groundedness, epistemological openness and ethical attentiveness. SIGNIFICANCE: This paper provides a rationale for pursuing transdisciplinary curricula that are oriented to sustainability. It shares reflections from two postgraduate diploma curriculum design processes and provides summative insights into broad features of transdisciplinary curriculum design that may enhance sustainability transitions. These features may help to guide other university curriculum developers wanting to design similar programmes to support sustainability transitions.

Abstract: This article explores the key themes of current research on anger and to identify challenges to address in future studies. More research on anger across diverse cultural contexts is needed, particularly in non-Western societies, and for comparative studies that consider both historical and cross-cultural perspectives. Some widely held beliefs about anger must be challenged, including the idea that it is the primary driver of social action against injustice, without acknowledging the potential role of positive emotions in motivating such action. There is also a need for contemporary studies that examine the intersections between anger and gender, as well as the social and political implications of anger. Finally, an important area of study involves the links between anger and illness from the standpoint of modern medicine. Addressing these challenges requires the development of multidisciplinary approaches that can capture the complexity and nuance of anger from various perspectives-historical, literary, philosophical, anthropological, gender studies, sociology, politics, psychology, and medicine, among others-using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies.

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las líneas fundamentales de las investigaciones actuales en torno a la ira y, principalmente, señalar algunos de los retos que estos estudios tienen que enfrentar en el futuro. Necesitamos, en este sentido, investigaciones sobre la ira en distintos contextos culturales, especialmente no occidentales, y desarrollar estudios comparados tanto desde el punto de vista histórico como transcultural. Es conveniente también matizar algunas ideas bastante extendidas sobre la ira, como aquella según la cual esta emoción es prácticamente el único factor que moviliza la acción social frente a la injusticia, sin considerar el papel que las emociones positivas también pueden desempeñar en esta tarea. Por otra parte, requerimos más estudios actuales sobre la vinculación entre la ira y el género, y sus usos sociales y políticos. Por último, también es imperativo explorar las relaciones que existen entre la ira y la enfermedad desde el punto de vista de la medicina contemporánea. En conclusión, todos estos desafíos apuntan, tal y como proponemos en el artículo, a la necesidad de desarrollar enfoques multidisciplinares que permitan abordar la complejidad y la ambigüedad que afecta a esta emoción desde distintos puntos de vista (histórico, literario, filosófico, antropológico, de género, sociológico, político, psicológico y médico, entre otros) y analizarla con distintas metodologías tanto cualitativas como cuantitativas.

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as principais linhas de pesquisa atuais sobre a ira e, acima de tudo, apontar alguns dos desafios que esses estudos devem enfrentar no futuro. Nesse sentido, precisamos de pesquisas sobre a ira em diferentes contextos culturais, especialmente os não ocidentais, e desenvolver estudos comparativos tanto históricos quanto interculturais. Também é útil qualificar algumas ideias muito difundidas sobre a ira, como a ideia de que esta é praticamente o único fator que mobiliza a ação social diante da injustiça, sem considerar o papel que as emoções positivas também podem desempenhar nessa tarefa. Além disso, precisamos de pesquisas mais atuais sobre a ligação entre ira e gênero e seus usos sociais e políticos. Por fim, é imperativo explorar as relações entre ira e doença do ponto de vista da medicina contemporânea. Todos esses desafios apontam, como propomos neste artigo, para a necessidade de desenvolver abordagens multidisciplinares para lidar com a complexidade e a ambiguidade que afetam essa emoção de diferentes pontos de vista (histórico, literário, filosófico, antropológico, de gênero, sociológico, político, psicológico e médico, entre outros) e analisá-la com diferentes metodologias, tanto qualitativas quanto quantitativas.

Although widely acknowledged for their significance, contemporary Teacher Professional Development (TPD) initiatives have faced growing criticism due to their failure to effectively foster the seamless incorporation of technology into educators' pedagogical practices. Educators depend on their informal Communities of Practice (CoPs) rather than TPD programmes to acquire the knowledge they need to both competently and meaningfully integrate technology into their pedagogical practices. This study investigates the innovative approaches educators employ in three (n=3) Western Cape public primary schools to create a hybrid CoP in their school to improve their collective technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK). The criticism of TPD efforts extends beyond primary and secondary school contexts. This challenge substantially impacts teacher education and highlights the increasing necessity for developing digital literacy among the professoriate in this discipline. The theoretical basis for this study was Wenger's (1998) CoP social learning theory and Mishra and Koehler's (2006) TPACK model. The study employed a qualitative research approach involving a cohort of 12 educators who engaged in open-ended survey questionnaires, one-on-one semi-structured interviews, and observational sessions. Additionally, the research incorporated one (n=1) school principal and two (n=2) deputy principals who actively contributed to all data collection modalities except for the survey questionnaires. Document analysis, specifically from WhatsApp group chat screenshots, was conducted across all three (n=3) schools as part of the research approach. While the data set used in this study originates from a study involving school educators, it aims to extend the findings to determine their significance for teacher education. The results revealed that the sampled educators had established an informal hybrid CoP at their respective schools through innovative approaches, such as joint enterprise, mutual engagement, and shared repertoire. These educators gained TPACK from one another throughout this process. Universities and provincial governments might profit from the findings, the knowledge gained from which could assist in their structuring of TPD programmes in ways which would foster their organic development in educators' particular employment contexts.

ABSTRACT The dynamics of globalisation have concentrated poverty in certain areas of the urban context, generating a challenge that must be addressed from all disciplines and approaches. However, traditional historiographical currents have not been able to account for the dynamics of the most disadvantaged areas of our cities. Biographical methods, although they have been applied to represent excluded groups, have rarely contemplated urban issues related to them. In this sense, the present research is based on the process of historical reconstruction of the Guadalquivir neighbourhood in Córdoba, Spain through the life stories of its residents, analysing the biographical discourse of 28 key people. The analysis of the life stories from a territorial perspective shows how the technique allows us to generate processes of collective construction of knowledge, as well as to develop emancipatory practices capable of re-signifying the territories and transforming the most vulnerable environments.

RESUMEN Las dinámicas de la globalización han concentrado la pobreza en determinadas zonas del contexto urbano, generando un desafío que debe abordarse por distintas disciplinas y enfoques. No obstante, las corrientes historiográficas tradicionales no han sido capaces de dar cuenta de la dinámica de las zonas más desfavorecidas de nuestras ciudades. Los métodos biográficos, aunque han sido aplicados para representar colectivos en exclusión, raramente han contemplado cuestiones urbanas relativas a ellos. En este sentido, la presente investigación se sustenta en el proceso de reconstrucción histórica del barrio Guadalquivir en Córdoba, España, a través de los relatos de vida de sus vecinas y vecinos, analizando el discurso biográfico de 28 personas clave. El análisis de los relatos de vida desde una mirada territorial muestra cómo la técnica permite generar procesos de construcción colectiva del conocimiento, así como desarrollar prácticas emancipatorias capaces de resignificar los territorios y transformar los entornos más vulnerables.

Abstract: This work explores managerialism's influence on social sciences in Latin American universities. It looks at how management structures and practices impact academic work in this area of knowledge. It is proposed that managerialism, emphasizing efficiency and effectiveness, restricts the development of theoretical and methodological diversity in the discipline, endorsing easily measurable approaches that are more aligned with academic productivity indicators. Through Niklas Luhmann’s theory, this work offers an understanding of universities as decision systems. It analyzes how these institutions manage complexity through regulatory programs that organize their decisions around specific purposes determined by principles such as quantification and bureaucratization. Last, it is suggested that current models in the context of social sciences of Latin American universities, where critical thinking, and commitment to social problems should play a central role in academic work, need to be reviewed.

Resumen: En este trabajo se explora la influencia del gerencialismo en las ciencias sociales en las universidades latinoamericanas. En particular, se observa cómo las estructuras y las prácticas de gestión afectan las labores académicas en esta área del conocimiento. Se plantea que el gerencialismo, con su énfasis en la eficiencia y la eficacia, limita el desarrollo de la diversidad teórica y metodológica en la disciplina, favoreciendo enfoques que son fácilmente medibles y, por lo tanto, más alineados con los indicadores de productividad académica. A través de la teoría de Niklas Luhmann, este trabajo ofrece una comprensión de las universidades como sistemas de decisiones. Se analiza cómo estas instituciones gestionan la complejidad a través de programas regulatorios que ordenan sus decisiones en torno a fines específicos determinados por principios como la cuantificación y la burocratización. Finamente, se sugiere la necesidad de revisar los modelos actuales en el contexto de las ciencias sociales de las universidades latinoamericanas donde el pensamiento crítico y el compromiso con las problemáticas sociales deberían jugar un papel central en la definición de su quehacer.

Resumo Este artigo discute os processos de elaboração e contratação da primeira fase do programa TOMAK (acrônimo para To’os Ba Moris Di’ak; em inglês, Farming for Prosperity, e em português, Agricultura para Prosperidade), financiado pelo Estado australiano e implementado em Timor-Leste entre 2016 e 2021. Argumentamos que tais processos alçam o programa à condição de mercadoria, que é acedido, no mercado global, por mecanismos de concorrência específicos e sujeito a certos fetichismos. As formas de manejo do programa expressam o novo papel que os Estados nacionais têm desempenhado sob hegemonia do neoliberalismo: dinamizadores da concorrência, em múltiplas escalas. Situamos os fenômenos abordados como produto de processos históricos de longa duração relacionados às reconfigurações das práticas de cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento. As análises são baseadas em etnografias documental e digital e em experiências de duas décadas (anos 2000 a 2020) de observação do campo da cooperação internacional em Timor-Leste e alhures. acrônimo Toos To Diak Di ak Di’ak inglês Prosperity português Prosperidade, Prosperidade , Prosperidade) TimorLeste Timor Leste 201 2021 mercadoria acedido global fetichismos neoliberalismo escalas desenvolvimento anos 200 2020 alhures 20 202 2

Abstract This article discusses the concept, design, and contracting processes of the first phase of the TOMAK program (acronym for To’os Ba Moris Di’ak, translated as Farming for Prosperity in English, and Agricultura para Prosperidade in Portuguese). The program was funded by the Australian government and implemented in Timor-Leste between 2016 and 2021. We argue that these processes elevate the program to the status of a commodity, accessed in the global market by specific mechanisms of competition and subject to certain fetishes. The program’s management practices reflect the new role that nation-states have played under the dominance of neoliberalism: as catalysts of competition on multiple fronts. We contextualize the phenomena discussed as products of long-term historical processes related to the reconfigurations of international development cooperation practices. Our analyses are based on documental and digital ethnographies and two decades (2000-2020) of observations in the field of international cooperation in Timor-Leste and beyond. concept design acronym Toos To os Diak, Diak Di ak, ak Di’ak English Portuguese. Portuguese . Portuguese) TimorLeste Timor Leste 201 2021 commodity fetishes programs s nationstates nation states neoliberalism fronts longterm long term 20002020 2000 2020 (2000-2020 beyond 20 202 2000202 200 (2000-202 2 200020 (2000-20 20002 (2000-2 (2000- (2000 (200 (20 (2 (

BACKGROUND: Despite benefits, structured mentorship needs to be better recognised within health profession training institutions (HPI) in Southern Africa (SA). Given the need to transform faculties and retain skilled personnel, mentoring programmes can be used to address these needs and warrant further exploration OBJECTIVE: To explore mentorship models within HPI in SA METHODS: During the annual South African Health Educationalists Conference (SAAHE) in 2022, five academics from HPIs in the region conducted an interactive national workshop on mentorship in health professions education. Following a presentation on mentorship models, participants were allowed to share their perspectives on current mentorship practices, gaps and recommendations for enhancing mentorship. Key concepts and themes generated are reported RESULTS: Three key approaches to mentorship models were identified during the workshop. These were 'top-down', 'ad-hoc' and 'supportive' approaches. Mentorship models were largely self-initiated and followed a traditional dyadic style with little innovation. Mandatory 'top-down', over-regulated programmes compared with 'grassroots' approaches were the two extremes reflected on the spectrum of models. While the benefits of mentorship were recognised, institution-wide implementation is lacking, reflecting varied or no widescale adoption. Mentorship could serve as a focused, formal strategy to ensure the demographic transformation of HPIs. Recommendations were made to measure the effectiveness of mentorship programmes against academic promotion criteria and research outputs CONCLUSION: While mentorship is positively viewed as a means to ensure improved equity and outputs, practical implementation is lacking. Mentorship programmes require further exploration of models and processes to facilitate successful implementation

Abstract The paper focuses on locating the career and contributions made by María Bertely Busquets to the historical research on the Mexican education field to highlight a facet of her intellectual activity that was little known but very important to her. The edition of La División es nuestra fuerza. Escuela, Estado-nación y poder étnico en un pueblo migrante de Oaxaca, her great posthumous work, constitutes the axis of the account of her participation and contributions to the education historiography in the country. But, in addition, it serves to situate a prolonged constructive process preceded by approaches to the history and historicization of the culture of the school and its agents from ethnographic practice, which then gives way to the deepening and development of the anthropological-historical method that deploys in the work. As a final reflection, the importance of bringing together the works and promoting intellectual exchange between anthropologists and historians of education is highlighted.

Resumen El escrito se aboca a situar la trayectoria y aportes realizados por María Bertely Busquets en el campo de la investigación histórica sobre la educación mexicana con el propósito de destacar una faceta de su actividad intelectual poco conocida pero muy importante para ella. La edición de La División es nuestra fuerza. Escuela, Estado-nación y poder étnico en un pueblo migrante de Oaxaca, su gran trabajo póstumo, constituye el eje del recuento de su participación y aportes a la historiografía de la educación en el país. Pero, además, sirve para situar un prolongado proceso constructivo precedido de acercamientos a la historia y a la historización de la cultura de la escuela y sus agentes desde la práctica etnográfica, que después da paso a la profundización y desarrollo del método antropológico-histórico que despliega en la obra. Como una reflexión final, se destaca la importancia de acercar los trabajos y fomentar el intercambio intelectual entre antropólogos e historiadores de la educación.

Abstract Objective: Efforts to discover increasingly safe, effective, and cosmetically satisfactory surgical accesses have allowed the development of various neurosurgical techniques, which can be identified in post-surgical imaging controls. The Hospital San Pablo de Coquimbo, within the national neurosurgical network, corresponds to the referral center for cerebrovascular pathologies in the third and fourth regions of the country. This collection of clinical cases aims to describe, from an imaging point of view, different surgical accesses that are frequently used for the treatment of cerebrovascular pathology in our center. Methods: This work corresponds to a retrospective study carried out at the Hospital San Pablo in Coquimbo between February and June of 2022, where we reviewed and described different clinical cases of minimally invasive neurosurgical approaches, accompanied by a brief bibliographic review of each type of access. Results: Five clinical cases are presented with different minimally invasive techniques such as micro-pterional, mini-pterional, mini-retrosigmoid, parasagittal, and mini-suboccipital craniotomies. Conclusion: Over time, new techniques have been developed for the resolution of neurosurgical pathology. It is essential to know the anatomical references used in the different techniques, for their correct description when interpreting neuroimaging.

Resumen Objetivo: Los esfuerzos por descubrir accesos quirúrgicos cada vez más seguros, efectivos y cosméticamente satisfactorios han permitido el desarrollo de variadas técnicas neuroquirúrgicas, las cuales pueden identificarse en controles imagenológicos posquirúrgicos. El Hospital San Pablo de Coquimbo, dentro de la red neuroquirúrgica nacional, corresponde al centro de derivación de patologías cerebrovasculares de la tercera y cuarta región del país. Esta recopilación de casos clínicos tiene como objetivo describir desde el punto de vista imagenológico diferentes accesos quirúrgicos que resultan frecuentes de utilizar para el tratamiento de la patología cerebrovascular en nuestro centro. Método: Este trabajo corresponde a un estudio retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital San Pablo de Coquimbo entre febrero y junio del año 2022, donde revisamos y describimos diferentes casos clínicos de abordajes neuroquirúrgicos mínimamente invasivos, acompañados de una breve revisión bibliográfica de cada tipo de acceso. Resultados: Se exponen cinco casos clínicos con distintas técnicas mínimamente invasivas como craneotomías micropterional, minipterional, minirretrosigmoidea, parasagital y minisuboccipital. Conclusiones: Con el paso del tiempo se han desarrollado nuevas técnicas para la resolución de la patología neuroquirúrgica. Resulta esencial conocer las referencias anatómicas utilizadas en las diferentes técnicas, para su correcta descripción al interpretar una neuroimagen.