A gestação e a parentalidade de homens trans tensionam as fronteiras dos padrões hegemônicos de gênero, masculinidade e feminilidade, ampliando a discussão sobre sexualidade e reprodução no âmbito das políticas de saúde. Propomos uma reflexão sobre as implicações da gestação transmasculina para os serviços e políticas de saúde partindo de uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada em um ambulatório de saúde sexual e reprodutiva, em um hospital maternidade do Nordeste brasileiro, e apresenta a “Caderneta do Gestante” como uma abordagem de acolhimento em saúde que favorece a inclusão da diversidade de gênero, o exercício dos direitos reprodutivos das pessoas transmasculinas e o cuidado integral em saúde às pessoas trans. O contemporâneo reivindica uma pauta das transmasculinidades aos direitos reprodutivos de pessoas transmasculinas, sendo crucial aos profissionais e serviços de saúde que repensem a atenção integral à saúde dos homens e suas masculinidades diversas.

La gestación y la parentalidad de hombres trans tensionan las fronteras de los estándares hegemónicos de género, masculinidad y femineidad, ampliando la discusión sobre sexualidad y reproducción en el ámbito de las políticas de salud. Proponemos una reflexión sobre las implicaciones de la gestación transmasculina para los servicios y políticas de salud, partiendo de una investigación-intervención realizada en un ambulatorio de salud sexual y reproductiva, en un hospital maternidad del nordeste brasileño y presenta la “Cartilla del Gestante” como un abordaje de acogida en salud que favorece la inclusión de la diversidad de género, el ejercicio de los derechos reproductivos de las personas transmasculinas y el cuidado integral de salud a las personas trans. Lo contemporáneo reivindica de las transmasculinidades una pauta para los derechos reproductivos de personas transmasculinas, siendo crucial que los profesionales y servicios de salud repiensen la atención integral a la salud de los hombres y sus masculinidades diversas.

Pregnancy and parenting among trans men are pushing the boundaries of hegemonic patterns of gender, masculinity and femininity, broadening the discussion of sexuality and reproduction in the context of health policies. We propose a reflection on the implications of transmasculine pregnancy for health services and policies based on an intervention study conducted in a sexual and reproductive health outpatient clinic in a maternity hospital in Brazil’s Northeast region. We present the "The Pregnancy Book " as a welcoming approach to healthcare that promotes the inclusion of gender diversity, the exercise of transmasculine people's reproductive rights and comprehensive health care for trans people. Contemporary trans masculinities demand the creation of an agenda for the reproductive rights of transmasculine people. It is crucial that health professionals and services rethink comprehensive health care for men and their diverse masculinities.

Abstract:In Ecuador, structural engineers traditionally design structures by considering embedded bases and assuming infinite soil stiffness. This methodology does not accurately reflect reality, as soil deforms when subjected to external forces. The research is based on the hypothesis that including soil-structure interaction always reduces the seismic response. To test this hypothesis, a reinforced concrete frame building, rectangular in shape with four levels and typical of educational units, was analyzed. The study compared traditional analysis methods to those incorporating site-specific characteristics, using spectra from the seismic microzonation of Portoviejo. Specifically, spectra from microzones M2, M3, and M4, all classified as type D soil, were compared to the NEC-15 spectrum for type D soil. The effects of soil-structure interaction were included using ASCE 41 and Gazetas methodologies. This analysis determined the influence of soil-structure interaction, which is crucial for optimizing structures. Depending on the type of soil on which the analysis is conducted, the demand can significantly reduce or increase. For sites with greater rigidity (Microzones M2 and M3), seismic stresses will be reduced. Conversely, for soft soils (Microzone M4), seismic stresses will increase. Therefore, an analysis based on site characteristics, plus the inclusion of soil-structure interaction, should always be applied when designing a building.

Resumen:En el Ecuador tradicionalmente los ingenieros estructurales, diseñan las estructuras considerando bases empotradas, asumiendo rigidez infinita del suelo, lo que es una metodología poco apegada a la realidad, debido a que el suelo presenta deformaciones cuando es sometido a fuerzas externas, la investigación parte de la hipótesis de que la inclusión de la interacción suelo-estructura causa siempre la reducción de la respuesta sísmica, por lo que el estudio consideró un edificación aporticada de hormigón armado, de forma rectangular vista en planta, de cuatro niveles típica de unidades educativas, con la finalidad de que esta fuera sometida a análisis tradicionales frente a análisis con características propias de sitio, se utilizó espectros tomados de la microzonificación sísmica de Portoviejo, específicamente de las microzonas M2, M3 y M4 siendo estas clasificadas como suelo tipo D, frente al espectro de la NEC-15 para suelo D. Para la inclusión de los efectos interacción suelo-estructura se desarrolló bajo las metodologías del ASCE 41 y Gazetas, logrando así determinar la influencia de la interacción suelo-estructura, misma que es de suma importancia ya que permite la obtención de estructuras optimizadas, debido a que acorde al tipo de suelo sobre el cual se plantee el análisis, la demanda puede reducir como aumentar considerablemente, es decir para sitios con mayor rigidez (Microzona M2, M3) las solicitaciones sísmicas se reducirán. Para el caso de suelos blandos (Microzona M4) las solicitaciones sísmicas aumentarán, por esto un análisis basado en características propias de sitio más la inclusión del análisis interacción suelo-estructura debería siempre ser comprendido al momento de diseñar una edificación.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on food security worldwide. Colombian farmers were adversely affected by prolonged periods of lockdown, disruptions in the agricultural supply chain, increased poverty levels, and heightened socioeconomic uncertainty. The objective of this study is to evaluate the perceptions of pea producers with regard to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, and ex-ante (2019) and ex-post (2020-2022) diagnostic analysis was conducted in the south of Nariño. We carried out semi-structured interviews with 35 farmers, four key informants, and three focus groups. A sentiment analysis (text mining) was conducted to process sensitive information on environmental, economic, and intrinsic aspects of the productive system. The results revealed that participants maintained constant levels of happiness and confidence across the two-time periods. However, in the period subsequent to the pandemic, higher levels of anger and sadness were reported, attributed to effects of the pandemic itself and the inherent challenges associated with pea cultivation. The implementation of confinement measures resulted in an increase in feelings of uncertainty and sadness, in addition too the emergence of challenges in fieldwork context. Moreover, the increased production costs were attributed to the greater demand for agricultural inputs and labour in 2020. However, in 2022, the increased the price paid per kilogram of pea grains helped mitigate the adverse impact of the pandemic. The study concludes that the econ economic uncertainty introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic affected crop profitability. Nevertheless, small-scale farmers exhibited remarkable resilience and adaptability, allowing them to persist in growing and selling their pea harvest.

Resumen La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto significativo en la seguridad alimentaria en todo el mundo. El agricultor colombiano se vio afectado por bloqueos prolongados, interrupciones en la cadena de suministro agrícola, mayores niveles de pobreza y una mayor incertidumbre socioeconómica. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la percepción de los productores de arveja sobre el COVID-19, realiza un diagnóstico ex ante (2019) y ex post (2020-2022) en el sur de Nariño. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 35 agricultores, 4 informantes clave y 3 grupos focales. A través de un análisis de sentimiento (Text Mining) se procesó información sensible sobre aspectos ambientales, económicos e intrínsecos del sistema productivo. Los resultados revelaron que los participantes mantuvieron niveles constantes de felicidad y confianza durante dos períodos de tiempo. Sin embargo, en el período posterior a la COVID-19, se informaron niveles más altos de ira y tristeza, atribuidos a los efectos de la pandemia y los desafíos inherentes asociados con el cultivo de arvejas o guisantes. Las medidas de confinamiento intensificaron los sentimientos de incertidumbre y tristeza, además de desafíos en el trabajo de campo. Asimismo, atribuyeron el aumento de los costos de producción a la mayor demanda de insumos agrícolas y mano de obra en 2020. Sin embargo, en 2022, el aumento del precio pagado por kilogramo de granos de arvejas ayudó a mitigar el impacto adverso de la pandemia. El estudio concluye que la COVID-19 introdujo incertidumbre económica en la región y, en consecuencia, afectó la rentabilidad de los cultivos. Sin embargo, los pequeños agricultores mostraron una notable resiliencia y adaptabilidad, lo que les permitió persistir en el cultivo y venta de su cosecha de guisantes.

Abstract (Introduction): The current cultivation of trees is insufficient to cover the national demand for wood, in this way small producers become an alternative solution to this situation, since despite having small areas, in the country there are abundant farms with these conditions; However, the current forest management scheme does not meet adequate standards for the incorporation of these small producers. (Objective): To present an adaptive forest management scheme (AFMS) to the needs of the small farmer, in addition, to demonstrate the institutional availability to change according to expert criteria. (Methodology): 1) the factors that influence the decision to adopt an agricultural or forestry production system were identified; 2) a profile of an ideal productive system that met the interests and preferences of the small producer was made, which was compared with the characteristics of agricultural and forestry production; 3) the proposal of an EMFA adjusted to the preferences and interest of the producer was made, which was also compared with the ideal profile; 4) three proposed change actions were presented to experts, obtaining different degrees of possibility of changes in the EMFA. (Results): The discrepancy of the forest management scheme for the cultivation of trees with the perspective that a small producer has on an ideal production system was evidenced, as well as the substantial improvement that an EMFA would have in the valuation of the small producer and the institutional availability to change the EMFA according to the perspective of the small producers. (Conclusions): The adjustment of the forest management scheme allows a greater adoption of the activity by the small producer, but it was recognized that any proposal that is made would be successful only if forest governance makes it more flexible and allows change.

Resumen (Introducción): El cultivo actual de árboles es insuficiente para cubrir la demanda nacional de madera, de este modo, los pequeños productores se tornan como una alternativa de solución ante esta situación, ya que pese a contar con áreas pequeñas, en el país son abundantes las fincas con estas condiciones; sin embargo, el esquema actual de manejo forestal no cumple con estándares adecuados para la incorporación de estos pequeños productores. (Objetivo): Presentar un esquema de manejo forestal adaptativo (EMFA) a las necesidades del pequeño productor, además de evidenciar la disponibilidad institucional al cambio, según el criterio experto. (Metodología): 1) se identificaron los factores que influyen en la decisión de adopción de un sistema productivo agrícola o forestal; 2) se realizó un perfil de un sistema productivo ideal que cumpliera con los intereses y preferencias del pequeño productor, el cual se confrontó con las características de la producción agrícola y forestal; 3) se efectuó la propuesta de un EMFA ajustado a las preferencias e interés del productor, que fue también confrontada con el perfil ideal; 4) se expusieron tres acciones de cambio propuestas ante expertos, obteniendo diferentes grados de posibilidad de cambios en el EMFA. (Resultados): Se evidenció la discrepancia del esquema de manejo forestal para el cultivo de árboles con la perspectiva que un pequeño productor tiene sobre un sistema de producción ideal, asimismo la mejora sustancial que un EMFA tendría en la valoración del pequeño productor y la disponibilidad institucional al cambio del EMFA, según la perspectiva de los pequeños productores. (Conclusiones): El ajuste del esquema de manejo forestal permite una mayor adopción del cultivo de árboles por parte del pequeño productor, pero se reconoció que cualquier propuesta que se realice lograría ser exitosa si la gobernanza forestal flexibiliza y posibilita el cambio.

Abstract (Introduction): Vinasse is generated as a residue in the production of ethanol by fermentation-distillation of molasses/sugar cane juice, at a rate of 13 L/L of ethanol. It is an acid liquid, brown in color, characterized by high mineralization and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values of up to 150 000 mg/L, being highly polluting. (Objective): The objective of this research was to evaluate a vinasse treatment process with hydrogen peroxide as a source of hydroxyl radicals at laboratory scale. (Methodology): The vinasse samples, from different distilleries in the province of Tucumán, were characterized following standardized techniques of Standard Methods. The oxidation tests were carried out with different peroxide/vinasses ratios, in a semi-batch reactor, under ambient conditions, measuring COD as an indicator parameter of the treatment. (Results): After 5 days, an 85 % decrease in COD and an increase in the Biodegradability Index were achieved. The kinetics of the oxidative reaction was first order with respect to COD, with an apparent rate constant of 0.3694 1/day. (Conclusions): Although the COD values allowed by local regulations (250 mg/L) were not reached, the proposed treatment is encouraging due to its simplicity, representing a potential option to the environmental challenge represented by vinaze in Latin America.

Resumen (Introducción): La vinaza se genera como residuo en la producción de etanol por fermentación-destilación de melazas/jugos de caña de azúcar, a razón de 13 L/L de etanol. Es un efluente líquido, ácido caracterizado por una elevada mineralización y valores de demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) de hasta 150 000 mg/L, siendo altamente contaminante. (Objetivo): Ealuar un proceso de tratamiento de vinazas con peróxido de hidrógeno, como fuente de radicales hidroxilos, en escala laboratorio. (Metodología): Las muestras de vinazas, de destilerías de la provincia de Tucumán, se caracterizaron según técnicas normalizadas de Standard Methods. Los ensayos de oxidación se realizaron con distintas relaciones de peróxido/vinaza, en un reactor semibatch, en condiciones ambientales, midiendo DQO como parámetro indicador del tratamiento. (Resultados): Al cabo de cinco días se logró una disminución de DQO del 85 % y un aumento del Índice de Biodegradabilidad. La cinética de la reacción oxidativa fue de primer orden respecto de DQO, con una constante aparente de velocidad de 0.3694 1/día. (Conclusiones): Si bien no se lograron los valores de DQO permitidos por la normativa local (250 mg/L), el tratamiento propuesto es alentador por su simpleza, representando una opción potencial al desafío ambiental que representan las vinazas en América Latina.

ABSTRACT Medicinal plants (MP) are used in various forms (teas, tinctures, creams, food supplements, etc.), with a single purpose, that of improving the quality of human life from birth to senescence. The choice of the species Cassia angustifolia Vahl, to be introduced into culture and for the development of mechanized cultivation technology is argued by the high demand for ecological raw material, correlated with climate changes. Establishing the optimal planting distance is very important in crop management to improve plant growth and yield. In this study, the effects of planting density on the growth and yield of C. angustifolia plants were evaluated in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Brasov, Romania. The experiment included three factors: Factor A - experimental year: 5 April 2016 (A1), 11 April 2017 (A2), 4 April 2018 (A3). Factor B - Distance row by row (RR): 25 (B1), 50 (B2), and 70 cm (B3). Factor C - Distance plant by plant (PP): Continuous row (C1), 15 cm (C2), and 25 cm (C3). Three years’ data indicated that plant density of 25 (RR) × continuous row (PP) resulted in obtaining the highest yield of fresh (48.33 t ha-1) and dry (7.93 t ha-1) biomass. Increasing planting density increased individual plant development (height, number of branches and weight), but reduced yield of biomass.

Electricity demand continues to exceed supply in many sub-Saharan countries like South Africa, and frequent plant failures further reduce energy availability. To address this issue, it is essential to proactively predict plant failures and inform decisions on when to plan for outages. Given a myriad of prediction techniques, this study systematically analyzed various literature to provide a collective view of prediction approaches, their use cases, and context. Following the PRISMA guideline, relevant literature was searched using the Scopus database, and retrieved from the corresponding publisher sites. The selected studies focused on predicting the unplanned capability loss factor or the availability of power plants within the electricity industry domain. A thematic analysis was performed to identify emerging patterns related to current knowledge. Results revealed that prediction studies focus more on predicting availability than failure in coal-fired plants. The prediction horizon is mainly short-term, mostly in renewable plant. Artificial neural network, Bayesian analysis, and fuzzy rules are the prevalent technique found in most studies. Scholars and researchers can benefit from this study as it provided a simplified summary of power plant prediction techniques in a consolidated view. OPEN LICENSE: CC-BY

Abstract — Urban driving worldwide is characterized by frequent vehicle idling due to traffic congestion, which significantly impacts fuel consumption and vehicle emissions. While strategies such as eco-driving techniques and start-stop systems have been studied extensively in various regions, limited research has been conducted to assess their effects in Latin America. This study evaluates the impact of idling, traffic, and ecodriving on fuel consumption and well-to-wheel (WTW) CO₂ emissions in urban taxi operations under real traffic conditions in Ecuador. Real-world driving data were collected using on-board diagnostics (OBD). A key innovation of this research is the assessment of alternative scenarios, with reduced idling times and power demand, based on the Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) approach. As result, five scenarios were examined: baseline, eco-driving, low traffic, start-stop technology, and a combined scenario. The results shows that urban driving resulted in the highest WTW CO₂ emissions (354 gCO₂/km) compared with rural and highway driving. The combined scenario, which merges lower power demand with start-stop technology, achieved the greatest improvements, reducing WTW CO₂ emissions and fuel consumption by 15% compared to the baseline scenario. Annually, the combined scenario could avoid 3.68 tons of CO₂ emitted per vehicle and fuel savings of 870 USD. These findings underscore the potential of ecodriving and start-stop technology in reducing fuel consumption and emissions to mitigate the environmental impact of road transportation.

Resumen — La conducción urbana a nivel mundial se caracteriza por el frecuente tiempo en ralentí de los vehículos, debido a la congestión del tráfico. Esto impacta significativamente en el consumo de combustible y las emisiones de los vehículos. Si bien se han estudiado ampliamente estrategias como las técnicas de conducción ecológica y los sistemas start-stop en varias regiones, se ha realizado poca investigación para evaluar sus efectos en América Latina. Este estudio evalúa el impacto del ralentí, el tráfico y la conducción ecológica en el consumo de combustible y las emisiones de CO₂ de pozo a rueda (WTW) en las operaciones de taxis urbanos bajo condiciones de tráfico real en Ecuador. Se recopilaron datos de conducción real utilizando diagnóstico a bordo (OBD). Una innovación clave de esta investigación es la evaluación de escenarios alternativos, con tiempos ralentí y demanda de potencia reducidos, basada en el enfoque de Potencia Específica del Vehículo (VSP). Como resultado, se examinaron cinco escenarios: línea base, conducción ecológica, bajo tráfico, tecnología start-stop, y un escenario combinado. Los resultados muestran que la conducción urbana resultó en las mayores emisiones de CO₂ WTW (354 gCO₂/km) en comparación con la conducción rural y en carretera. El escenario combinado, que fusiona una menor demanda de potencia con la tecnología start-stop, logró mayores mejoras, reduciendo las emisiones de CO₂ WTW y el consumo de combustible en un 15 % en comparación con el escenario base. Anualmente, el escenario combinado podría evitar 3.68 toneladas de CO₂ emitidas por vehículo y ahorrar 870 USD en combustible. Estos hallazgos subrayan el potencial de la conducción ecológica y la tecnología de arranque y parada para reducir el consumo de combustible y las emisiones, contribuyendo a mitigar el impacto ambiental del transporte por carretera.

RESUMEN Alinear los objetivos de aprendizaje con las necesidades del mercado laboral representa un desafío considerable para las universidades en la actualidad. A pesar de que las organizaciones demandan profesionales con competencias variadas y flexibles, a menudo las universidades subestiman la relevancia de las competencias transversales. Por tanto, este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar la percepción de los recién graduados sobre la importancia de las competencias transversales adquiridas y desarrolladas en su formación universitaria, así como la manera en que estas se aplican en el entorno laboral. En el marco de este estudio exploratorio, se distribuyó un cuestionario a los recién graduados que actualmente están empleados en 14 instituciones educativas de la Zona Sur de Manabí y en 3 instituciones de educación básica pública de Jipijapa. Esta metodología permitió analizar el desarrollo y la aplicabilidad de las competencias transversales en las organizaciones del sector educativo y su impacto en la práctica pedagógica. Los resultados se discuten en el contexto más amplio de cómo las universidades se están adaptando a los intensos desafíos socioeconómicos que caracterizan el presente, así como la integración de los recién graduados en el mercado laboral. Se concluye que la flexibilidad curricular y el desarrollo de competencias transversales son esenciales para mejorar la empleabilidad de los egresados y su capacidad para enfrentar las exigencias del mundo laboral contemporáneo.

ABSTRACT Aligning learning objectives with the needs of the labour market represents a considerable challenge for universities today. Although organisations demand professionals with varied and flexible skills, universities often underestimate the relevance of transversal skills. Therefore, this article aims to identify the perception of recent graduates on the importance of transversal skills acquired and developed in their university education, as well as the way in which these are applied in the work environment. Within the framework of this exploratory study, a questionnaire was distributed to recent graduates who are currently employed in 14 educational institutions in the Southern Zone of Manabí and in 3 public basic education institutions in Jipijapa. This methodology allowed us to analyse the development and applicability of transversal skills in organisations in the educational sector and their impact on pedagogical practice. The results are discussed in the broader context of how universities are adapting to the intense socio-economic challenges that characterise the present, as well as the integration of recent graduates into the labour market. It is concluded that curricular flexibility and the development of transversal competences are essential to improve the employability of graduates and their ability to face the demands of the contemporary labor market.

Este estudio analiza la evolución del papel de la Presidencia del Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) en Brasil, resaltando su creciente influencia política e institucional. La investigación examina cómo los presidentes del STF pasaron de un rol principalmente ceremonial a una posición de liderazgo estratégico. La pregunta central es: ¿cómo ejerce la Presidencia del STF su representación institucional y qué factores determinan su actuación? El estudio analiza las agendas oficiales de los presidentes del STF entre 2001 y 2021, identificando tendencias y variaciones en su desempeño. Los resultados indican que el perfil personal de los ministros y el contexto político influyen en el grado de protagonismo de la presidencia. El estudio propone una tipología de las presidencias del STF, clasificándolas en modelos ceremoniales, negociadores, independientes y protagonistas. La conclusión destaca que la Presidencia del STF se ha convertido en un actor político clave, con un papel estratégico en la gobernabilidad y la mediación entre poderes. Esta transformación refleja la creciente judicialización de la política y la necesidad de mayor transparencia y articulación del Poder Judicial.

This study examines the evolving role of the Brazilian Supreme Court (STF) presidency, emphasizing its growing political and institutional influence. The research explores how STF presidents have expanded their role from a primarily ceremonial function to one of significant leadership. The main research question is: how does the STF presidency exercise institutional representation, and what factors shape its role? The study analyzes the official agendas of STF presidents from 2001 to 2021, identifying trends and variations in presidential actions. Findings suggest that both the personal profiles of justices and the broader political context directly impact the presidency’s degree of influence. The study proposes a typology of STF presidencies, categorizing them into ceremonial, negotiating, independent, and leading models. The conclusion highlights that the STF presidency has become a key political player, strategically mediating governance and intergovernmental relations. This institutional transformation reflects the increasing judicialization of politics and the demand for greater transparency and engagement from the judiciary.

Este estudo analisa a evolução do papel da Presidência do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) no Brasil, destacando sua crescente relevância política e institucional. A pesquisa investiga como os presidentes do STF ampliaram sua influência, saindo de uma função predominantemente cerimonial para uma posição de grande protagonismo. A principal pergunta de pesquisa é: como a presidência do STF exerce sua representação institucional e quais fatores determinam sua atuação? O estudo utiliza a análise das agendas institucionais dos presidentes entre 2001 e 2021 para identificar padrões e variações na atuação presidencial. Os resultados indicam que o perfil dos ministros e o contexto político influenciam diretamente o grau de protagonismo da presidência. O estudo propõe uma tipologia das presidências do STF, classificando-as em modelos cerimoniais, negociadores, independentes e protagonistas. A conclusão aponta que a presidência do STF se tornou um ator político central, desempenhando um papel estratégico na governabilidade e na mediação entre os poderes. Essa transformação institucional reflete a crescente judicialização da política e a necessidade de maior transparência e articulação por parte do Judiciário.

ABSTRACT Peruvian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has great acceptance and demand in the national and international textile market due to the excellent quality of its extra-long fiber, durability and resistance. To evaluate cotton cultivar performance, we need to use tools such as drones + sensors. However, these tools have not been widely used in the Peruvian agricultural area. Here we evaluated seven agro-morphological characters of 21 accessions of Del Cerro cotton cultivar from the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation of Peru with high-throughput phenotyping methods. We employed a Matrice 300 RTK unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with the MicaSense Dual Red Edge Blue multispectral sensor to assess plant height, yield, and spectral signature during physiological maturity stage; other morphological characters were manually scored. Multispectral monitoring revealed the phytosanitary status of the crop, which begins to enter senescence after 130 d after sowing (DAS) due to the decrease of the vegetation indices (VI). Pearson correlations between yield and VI showed favorable values, exceeding 0.60 at 94 DAS for normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), relative vigor index (RVI), and normalized difference red edge index (NDRE). Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted on the same date, a significant correlation was found between NDVI and yield. Additionally, yield prediction equations were generated with the normalized difference water index (NDWI) showing an R value of 0.74 at 130 DAS. The findings of this study suggest that remote sensing evaluation is suitable for estimating ‘Del Cerro’ cotton yield in infrared (IR) bands, providing a tool for germplasm evaluation that can influence decision-making and better conservation strategies.

Abstract Expansion of avocado production areas in Colombia has led to an increased demand for plant propagation material. However, this expansion has exacerbated phytosanitary challenges, particularly root rot disease mainly associated with Phytophthora spp. Therefore, this study aimed to identify Phytophthora species associated with root rot in avocado seedlings within nurseries. Avocado plants exhibiting wilting symptoms were collected from nurseries in the departments of Quindío, Risaralda, and Valle del Cauca (Colombia). Segments of diseased roots were selected, cut, and surface-disinfected, before being planted on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) supplemented with antibiotics and fungicides. Microorganism identification was conducted using taxonomic keys and confirmed by molecular techniques employing the identification based on phylogenetic hypothesis, using ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 region encoding for rRNA. Isolates obtained from necrotic avocado roots were identified as P. cinnamomi and P. heveae. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed in avocado seedlings through inoculation, resulting in symptom reproduction. Consequently, this study identified P. cinnamomi and P. heveae as causal agents of root rot in avocado during the nursery stage.

RESUMO Na cidade de Belo Horizonte (Brasil), observamos um avanço importante no processo de envelhecimento da população. Esse processo impõe desafios para a pesquisa sobre os impactos dessas transformações na configuração da vida urbana. Nossa pesquisa busca estabelecer a relação entre o envelhecimento e as práticas de mobilidade em termos dos motivos, modos e frequências, bem como as centralidades criadas com base na prática de deslocamento da população idosa. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um Index of elderly Centrality (IeCf) utilizando os fluxos do grupo estudado como proxy de centralidade. No que tange às viagens, observamos uma redução da frequência e relevância dos deslocamentos por transporte coletivo e a pé, especialmente entre mulheres. Além disso, identificamos áreas de concentração de viagens mais dispersas, em centralidades diferentes das já consolidadas no município, configurando novas áreas centrais que atendem à demanda mais específica da população idosa.

ABSTRACT In the city of Belo Horizonte (Brazil), we observe a significant advancement in the aging process of the population. This process poses challenges for research on the impacts of these transformations on the configuration of urban life. Our study aims to establish the relationship between aging and mobility practices in terms of motives, modes, and frequencies, as well as the centralities created based on the displacement practices of the elderly population. To this end, an Index of Elderly Centrality (IeCf) was developed using the flows of the studied group as a proxy for centrality. Regarding trips, we observed a reduction in the frequency and relevance of journeys by public transportation and on foot, especially among women. Furthermore, we identified areas of travel concentration that are more dispersed, in centralities different from those already established in the municipality, shaping new central areas that cater to the more specific demand related to the elderly population.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Breast cancer is a significant public health problem due to its high incidence and mortality among women. Objective: To analyze the integral care provided to women with breast cancer in the Health Care Network in a Brazilian Northeast State based on the perceptions of users with breast cancer, health professionals and managers. Method: Qualitative research with semi-structured interviews with users with breast cancer, professionals from oncology referral services and primary care, and managers at the municipal, state and federal levels. Results: The Breast Cancer Line of Care has not been implemented, exposing the weakness of the coordination of care and organization of the Health Care Network, affecting the continuum of care at different levels. The spontaneous demand for treatment and the access flows created by users and health professionals have resulted in significant inequities in access to health services, deepening the existing inequalities. Comprehensive care has been compromised due to the absence of well-established protocols and care flows, incipient queue management in the regulatory system, and referral and counter-referral. Conclusion: The lack of a line of care has impacted the accessibility and equity of access to health services. The findings of this study provide crucial guidance for planning the health care network and the need to implement the Breast Cancer Line of Care to improve comprehensive care for women diagnosed with breast cancer.

RESUMO Introdução: O câncer de mama é um problema de saúde pública significativo em razão da alta incidência e mortalidade entre as mulheres. Objetivo: Analisar a integralidade do cuidado à mulher com câncer de mama na Rede de Atenção à Saúde em um Estado do Nordeste brasileiro, a partir das percepções de usuárias com câncer de mama, profissionais de saúde e gestores. Método: Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com entrevistas semiestruturadas com usuárias com câncer de mama, profissionais dos serviços de referência oncológica e da atenção primária, e gestores das esferas municipal, estadual e federal. Resultados: A Linha de Cuidado do Câncer de Mama não está implementada, destacando fragilidades na coordenação do cuidado e na organização da Rede de Atenção à Saúde, afetando o continuum do cuidado nos diferentes níveis assistenciais. A demanda espontânea para o tratamento e os fluxos de acesso criados por usuárias e profissionais de saúde resultaram em significativas iniquidades no acesso aos serviços de saúde, ampliando as desigualdades existentes. A integralidade tem sido comprometida por causa da ausência de protocolos e fluxos assistenciais bem estabelecidos, incipiência na gestão de filas do sistema de regulação e referência e contrarreferência. Conclusão: A falta de uma da Linha de Cuidado tem impactado na acessibilidade e na equidade de acesso aos serviços de saúde. Os achados deste estudo fornecem orientações cruciais para o planejamento da Rede de Atenção à Saúde e a necessidade da implementação da Linha de Cuidado do Câncer de Mama para melhorar a integralidade da atenção às mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama.

RESUMEN Introducción: El cáncer de mama es un importante problema de salud pública debido a su alta incidencia y mortalidad entre las mujeres. Objetivo: Analizar la integralidad de la atención a mujeres con cáncer de mama en la Red de Atención a la Salud en un estado del nordeste brasileño, a partir de las percepciones de usuarias con cáncer de mama, profesionales de la salud y gestores. Método: Investigación con enfoque cualitativo, con entrevistas semiestructuradas a usuarias con cáncer de mama, profesionales de servicios de referencia en oncología y atención primaria, y directivos de los ámbitos municipal, estatal y federal. Resultados: La Línea de Atención al Cáncer de Mama no está implementada, destacando debilidades en la coordinación de la atención y en la organización de la Red de Atención en Salud, afectando la continuidad de la atención en los diferentes niveles de atención. La demanda espontánea de tratamiento y los flujos de acceso creados por usuarios y profesionales de la salud dieron como resultado importantes desigualdades en el acceso a los servicios de salud, ampliando las desigualdades existentes. La atención integral se ha visto comprometida por la ausencia de protocolos y flujos de atención bien establecidos, mala gestión de colas en el sistema de regulación y derivación y contrarreferencia. Conclusión: La falta de una línea de atención ha impactado la accesibilidad y equidad de acceso a los servicios de salud. Los hallazgos de este estudio brindan una guía crucial para la planificación de la red de atención de salud y la necesidad de implementar la Línea de Atención al Cáncer de Mama para mejorar la integralidad de la atención a las mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama.

Abstract This article proposes an industry-specific set of modifying factors for managing mineral resources and reserves for construction aggregates. To gain insights into the regional characteristics of the aggregate market and the requirement of situating mining operations close to urban centers, an application example was developed. It considers the two largest urban concentrations in Brazil to present findings on how the supply and demand of sand and crushed stone occurs in these regions and their relationship with the management of mineral resources and reserves. Furthermore, a conceptual simulation was conducted to showcase how limitations on mining areas can influence the conversion of mineral resources into aggregate mineral reserves. This simulation took into account different scenarios of environmental and social restrictions, which were identified as the primary bottlenecks in the quarries. The findings of the research highlighted the increasing significance of governmental and ESG-related modifying factors in aligning aggregates extraction activities co-existing with other land use in the vicinity. Finally, this article proposes a new indicator for classifying mineral reserves in this sector.