Abstract The research analyzes the variables that influence the strengthening of business and tax culture through knowledge management. Methodologically, it is a study with a qualitative and analytical approach. The study highlights the importance of knowledge management as a catalyst for improving organizational culture and tax compliance in companies. Variables such as effective communication allow the organization to improve tax and administrative management through the individual knowledge of each employee. The acquisition of skills and knowledge through training and education strengthens the resilience of individuals to regulatory changes. Technology, used as a management and process optimization tool, reduces error variability while increasing efficiency and performance. Teamwork in the execution of tasks facilitates more efficient planning and optimal allocation of individual responsibilities. Finally, by implementing a risk management approach, it is possible to exercise greater diligence in the early detection of errors and minimize their impact on the ongoing business development context.

Resumen La investigación analiza las variables que influyen en el fortalecimiento de la cultura empresarial y tributaria a través de la gestión del conocimiento. A nivel metodológico es un estudio con enfoque cualitativo y analítico. El estudio destaca la importancia de la gestión del conocimiento como un catalizador para mejorar la cultura organizacional y el cumplimiento tributario en las empresas. Variables como la comunicación efectiva, permite en la organización el mejoramiento en la gestión tributaria y administrativa por medio del conocimiento individual de cada trabajador; la adquisición de habilidades y conocimientos a través de la formación y capacitación fortalece la resiliencia de los individuos ante las modificaciones regulatorias; la tecnología, utilizada como un instrumento para la gestión y optimización de los procesos, reduce la variabilidad de errores, al tiempo que aumenta la eficiencia y el rendimiento; el trabajo en equipo en la ejecución de tareas facilita una planificación más eficiente y una asignación óptima de las responsabilidades individuales; y finalmente, mediante la implementación de un enfoque de gestión de riesgos, es posible ejercer una mayor diligencia en la detección temprana de fallos y en la minimización de su impacto en el contexto del desarrollo del negocio en marcha.

RESUMEN En un entorno donde la falta de conocimiento tributario y la evasión fiscal son desafíos significativos, este estudio se propone analizar estrategias efectivas para mejorar la conciencia tributaria mediante la capacitación en educación fiscal. Se revisaron diversas investigaciones que resaltan la importancia de programas específicos de instrucción tributaria y alianzas con el sistema educativo desde edades tempranas. Los resultados indican que la implementación de programas de capacitación y la promoción de la transparencia en la gestión pública pueden fortalecer la comprensión de los contribuyentes sobre sus obligaciones fiscales, promoviendo así un mayor cumplimiento voluntario. Se concluye que una educación fiscal adecuada, combinada con incentivos fiscales y tecnologías educativas innovadoras, puede contribuir de manera significativa a la formación de una cultura tributaria sólida y al fortalecimiento de la confianza en el sistema tributario.

ABSTRACT In an environment where lack of tax knowledge and tax evasion are significant challenges, this study aims to analyze effective strategies to improve tax awareness through tax education training. Several research studies were reviewed that highlight the importance of specific tax education programs and alliances with the educational system from an early age. The results indicate that the implementation of training programs and the promotion of transparency in public management can strengthen taxpayers' understanding of their tax obligations, thus promoting greater voluntary compliance. It is concluded that adequate tax education, combined with tax incentives and innovative educational technologies, can contribute significantly to the formation of a solid tax culture and to the strengthening of trust in the tax system.

RESUMEN La promoción de la cultura tributaria mediante la educación y la tecnología es fundamental para fortalecer el cumplimiento fiscal en Ecuador. Este estudio cualitativo se propuso analizar estrategias educativas y tecnológicas que promuevan una mayor conciencia fiscal. Se utilizó un enfoque metodológico que incluyó revisión bibliográfica y análisis comparativo. Los resultados indican que los programas educativos deben ser accesibles y adaptados a diferentes públicos, desde estudiantes hasta funcionarios públicos. Se destacan iniciativas exitosas como concursos de redacción y programas multimedia. Las conclusiones resaltan la importancia de involucrar a la sociedad en general, así como a instituciones educativas y al Estado, en el desarrollo e implementación de estrategias educativas y tecnológicas efectivas. Estas estrategias pueden contribuir significativamente a mejorar la cultura tributaria y aumentar la recaudación fiscal, beneficiando así el desarrollo económico y social del país.

ABSTRACT The promotion of tax culture through education and technology is fundamental to strengthen tax compliance in Ecuador. This qualitative study set out to analyze educational and technological strategies that promote greater tax awareness. A methodological approach that included a literature review and comparative analysis was used. The results indicate that educational programs should be accessible and adapted to different audiences, from students to public officials. Successful initiatives such as writing contests and multimedia programs are highlighted. The conclusions highlight the importance of involving society in general, as well as educational institutions and the State, in the development and implementation of effective educational and technological strategies. These strategies can contribute significantly to improve the tax culture and increase tax collection, thus benefiting the economic and social development of the country.

ABSTRACT Tax culture plays an important role in influencing voluntary compliance with tax obligations by citizens and businesses; lack of tax knowledge is associated with non-compliance with tax responsibilities, resulting in tax evasion. In this context, the present research addresses the question of how tax education programs benefit growing businesses. Its objective is to critically review tax education programs, evaluating their impact on the fiscal decisions and financial health of these companies. It is important to emphasize that a qualitative approach was adopted to help capture the subjective dimensions. Among the results, the study highlights corporate tax problems in Latin America, highlighting the need to address tax education as an essential component to improve the efficiency of the tax system as a whole. The study concludes that the challenges identified require strategic approaches.

RESUMEN La cultura tributaria desempeña un papel importante al influir en el cumplimiento voluntario de obligaciones fiscales por parte de ciudadanos y empresas, la carencia de conocimiento tributario está asociada con el no cumplimiento de las responsabilidades fiscales, resultando en evasión fiscal. En este contexto, la presente investigación aborda la pregunta de cómo los programas de educación fiscal benefician a las empresas en crecimiento. Su objetivo es revisar de manera crítica los programas educativos en tributación, evaluando su impacto en las decisiones fiscales y salud financiera de estas empresas. Es sustancial enfatizar que se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo contribuye a capturar las dimensiones subjetivas. Entre los resultados destacan de los problemas tributarios empresariales en América Latina resaltando la necesidad de abordar la educación tributaria como un componente esencial para mejorar la eficiencia del sistema fiscal en su totalidad. El estudio concluye que los desafíos identificados requieren enfoques estratégicos.

ABSTRACT In the fight against tax evasion, the need to adapt tax education to changing socioeconomic dynamics through the integration of educational technologies and online platforms is highlighted. In this context, this study focuses on analyzing educational programs to prevent tax evasion, examining strategies implemented in several countries and considering best practices. The research, with a qualitative approach and descriptive scope, highlights that collaboration between academia, tax administration and society emerges as a comprehensive approach to address tax evasion. This includes projects of linkage for training, promotion of a responsible tax culture and citizen awareness. Despite the growing interest in these programs, it is essential to address the lack of research evaluating their effectiveness and the identification of specific areas in need of urgent attention.

RESUMEN En la lucha contra la evasión fiscal, se destaca la necesidad de adaptar la educación fiscal a las cambiantes dinámicas socioeconómicas mediante la integración de tecnologías educativas y plataformas en línea. En este contexto, el presente estudio se centra en analizar programas educativos para prevenir la evasión fiscal, examinando estrategias implementadas en varios países y considerando las mejores prácticas. La investigación, con enfoque cualitativo y alcance descriptivo, resalta que la colaboración entre la academia, la administración tributaria y la sociedad surge como un enfoque integral para abordar la evasión fiscal. Esto incluye proyectos de vinculación para la capacitación, la promoción de una cultura tributaria responsable y la concientización ciudadana. A pesar del creciente interés en estos programas, es esencial abordar la falta de investigaciones que evalúen su efectividad y la identificación de áreas específicas que necesitan atención urgente.

RESUMEN La educación fiscal, al orientar sus esfuerzos hacia la inculcación de valores y cualidades que fomenten la responsabilidad tributaria y desalienten las prácticas evasoras, se revela como un componente esencial para la transformación positiva de la percepción ciudadana hacia sus obligaciones tributarias. En este sentido, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de la educación fiscal en países latinoamericanos, centrándose en la recaudación tributaria, la disminución de la evasión y el nivel de cumplimiento de las obligaciones fiscales. Para lograrlo, se empleó un enfoque mixto. Los resultados obtenidos indican la necesidad de alejarse del enfoque tradicional centrado en sanciones, sugiriendo la adopción de un enfoque más educativo y participativo. Estrategias concretas, como la colaboración activa con instituciones educativas y la promoción de la cultura tributaria desde las etapas formativas tempranas, evidencian un compromiso palpable con la transformación cultural hacia una sociedad más consciente y responsable en materia fiscal.

ABSTRACT Tax education, by directing its efforts towards the inculcation of values and attitudes that promote fiscal responsibility and discourage evasion practices, is an essential component for the positive transformation of citizens' perception of their tax obligations. In this sense, the objective of this research is to analyze the impact of tax education in Latin American countries, focusing on tax collection, the reduction of tax evasion and the level of compliance with tax obligations. To achieve this, a mixed approach was used. The results obtained indicate the need to move away from the traditional approach focused on sanctions, suggesting the adoption of a more educational and participatory approach. Concrete strategies, such as active collaboration with educational institutions and the promotion of tax culture from the early formative stages, evidence a palpable commitment to cultural transformation towards a more tax conscious and responsible society.

RESUMEN La educación tributaria desarrollada mediante acciones gubernamentales y privadas tiene como objetivo mejorar las habilidades financieras responsables de la población. En este contexto, la investigación se centra en responder a la pregunta de cómo fomentar el cumplimiento fiscal y reducir la evasión del impuesto al valor agregado en Ecuador, en el marco de la economía digital. Se empleó una metodología descriptiva e interpretativa que identificó factores determinantes de la evasión tributaria, como la cultura, la corrupción y la falta de conciencia tributaria, asimismo se examinaron 6 programas de educación tributaria como herramientas clave para fortalecer el cumplimiento fiscal. El estudio concluye que la complejidad inherente al fenómeno tributario destaca la función esencial de las iniciativas educativas fiscales en Latinoamérica. Estos programas se revelan como elementos esenciales para estimular el cumplimiento fiscal y mitigar la evasión, resaltando así su papel fundamental en la configuración de una cultura tributaria sólida en estas regiones.

ABSTRACT Tax education developed through government and private actions aims to improve the responsible financial skills of the population. In this context, the research focuses on answering the question of how to encourage tax compliance and reduce value added tax evasion in Ecuador, within the framework of the digital economy. A descriptive and interpretative methodology was employed that identified determinants of tax evasion, such as culture, corruption and lack of tax awareness, likewise 6 tax education programs were examined as key tools to strengthen tax compliance. The study concludes that the inherent complexity of the tax phenomenon highlights the essential role of tax education initiatives in Latin America. These programs prove to be essential elements to stimulate tax compliance and mitigate evasion, thus highlighting their fundamental role in shaping a strong tax culture in these regions.

RESUMEN La educación tributaria es abordada por actividades programáticas gubernamentales y privadas, que buscan fomentar la gestión financiera responsable. Este estudio se centra en las causas de la economía informal en América Latina y examina cómo la educación tributaria puede mitigar este fenómeno. El objetivo es analizar su contribución a la reducción de la economía informal y la evasión fiscal en la región. Para ello se empleó una metodología de investigación basada en la revisión bibliográfica de la literatura especializada. Los resultados destacan la necesidad de incluir contenidos tributarios, desde lo básico hasta aspectos culturales y responsabilidad ciudadana en programas educativos para lograr una formación integral. La comprensión completa de estos conceptos se revela como crucial para su aplicación efectiva tanto en la vida diaria como en el ámbito empresarial. En síntesis, la educación tributaria se posiciona como una herramienta fundamental para promover prácticas financieras responsables y combatir la economía informal en América Latina.

ABSTRACT Tax education addressed through government and private programmatic activities, seeks to promote responsible financial management. This study focuses on the causes of the informal economy in Latin America and examines how tax education can mitigate this phenomenon. The objective is to analyze its contribution to the reduction of the informal economy and tax evasion in the region. For this, a research methodology was used based on the bibliographic review of specialized literature. The results highlight the need to include tax content from the basics to cultural aspects and citizen responsibility in educational programs to achieve comprehensive training. The complete understanding of these concepts is revealed to be crucial for their effective application both in daily life and in the business environment. In summary, tax education is positioned as a fundamental tool to promote responsible financial practices and combat the informal economy in Latin America.

RESUMEN La educación tributaria en América Latina es clave para fortalecer la cultura fiscal, reducir la evasión y fomentar la participación ciudadana, transformando actitudes y promoviendo conciencia y responsabilidad fiscal para un desarrollo sostenible. En este sentido, el presente estudio busca responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿cómo los programas de educación tributaria pueden fomentar la comprensión para el pago de impuestos, promoviendo la conciencia de los contribuyentes y evitando de esa manera la evasión tributaria en Latinoamérica?, para ello se planteó como objetivo analizar la eficacia de los programas de educación tributaria en el fomento de la comprensión de los contribuyentes, la promoción de la conciencia sobre las obligaciones fiscales y la prevención de la evasión tributaria en países de Latinoamérica. Tras un análisis descriptivo, se concluyó que los programas educativos tributarios lograron aumentar la conciencia fiscal, impulsar el cumplimiento tributario y alcanzar notables éxitos, como mejoras en eficiencia y desarrollo social.

ABSTRACT Tax education in Latin America is key to strengthen tax culture, reduce tax evasion and encourage citizen participation, transforming attitudes and promoting tax awareness and responsibility for sustainable development. In this sense, the present study seeks to answer the following question: How can tax education programs foster understanding for tax payment, promoting taxpayer awareness and thus preventing tax evasion in Latin America? To this end, the objective was to analyze the effectiveness of tax education programs in fostering taxpayer understanding, promoting awareness of tax obligations, and preventing tax evasion in Latin American countries. After a descriptive analysis, it was concluded that tax education programs succeeded in increasing tax awareness, boosting tax compliance, and achieving notable successes, such as improvements in efficiency and social development.

Abstract This research used cross-section data, from 2016, to analyze the effect of public spending distribution and some economic, demographic and political preferences on municipalities’ development from Minas Gerais (i.e.: Índice Mineiro de Responsabilidade Social - IMRS) and their sub-dimensions (i.e.: education, health, social vulnerability, security, sanitation/housing/environment and culture/sport/leisure). Thus, the variables were selected by Extreme Bounds Analysis - EBA and econometric-spatial models were estimated. The results indicate that development is typical from smaller cities, far from the capital (safer), with higher elderly people proportion (less subject to crime), lower fertility (trait of safer and less vulnerable places), good tax autonomy (attribute of less vulnerable areas, with more sanitation and culture/leisure), lower spending on education and public administration and higher on housing. Furthermore, the results minimize the state (i.e.: municipal administration) and the local productive profile relevance on development and reveal negative externalities from the state capital. crosssection cross section data 2016 economic municipalities i.e. ie i e (i.e. IMRS subdimensions sub dimensions health vulnerability security sanitationhousingenvironment housing environment culture/sport/leisure. culturesportleisure culture/sport/leisure . culture sport leisure culture/sport/leisure) Thus econometricspatial econometric spatial estimated cities safer, , (safer) crime, crime crime) trait places, places places) attribute areas culture/leisure, cultureleisure culture/leisure culture/leisure) Furthermore 201 i.e (i.e (safer 20 2

Resumo Esta pesquisa usou dados cross-section, centrados em 2016, para analisar o efeito da distribuição dos gastos públicos e de certas preferências econômicas, demográficas e políticas no desenvolvimento dos municípios de Minas Gerais (i.e.: Índice Mineiro de Responsabilidade Social - IMRS) e suas subdimensões (i.e.: educação, saúde, vulnerabilidade social, segurança, saneamento/habitação/meio ambiente e cultura/esporte/lazer). Para tanto, as variáveis foram selecionadas via Extreme Bounds Analysis - EBA e estimaram-se modelos econométricos-espaciais. Os resultados indicam que o desenvolvimento é típico de cidades menores, afastadas da capital (mais seguras), com maior proporção de idosos (menos sujeitos à criminalidade), menor fecundidade (traço de locais seguros e menos vulneráveis), boa autonomia tributária (atributo das áreas menos vulneráveis, com mais saneamento e cultura/lazer), menores gastos em educação e administração pública e maiores em habitação. Ademais, os resultados minimizam a importância do Estado (i.e.: prefeituras) e do perfil produtivo local no desenvolvimento e revelam externalidades negativas associadas à capital estadual. crosssection, crosssection cross section, section cross-section 2016 econômicas i.e. ie i (i.e. IMRS saúde social segurança saneamentohabitaçãomeio habitação meio cultura/esporte/lazer. culturaesportelazer cultura/esporte/lazer . cultura esporte lazer cultura/esporte/lazer) tanto estimaramse estimaram se econométricosespaciais. econométricosespaciais econométricos espaciais. espaciais econométricos-espaciais seguras, seguras , seguras) criminalidade, criminalidade criminalidade) traço vulneráveis vulneráveis) atributo cultura/lazer, culturalazer cultura/lazer cultura/lazer) Ademais prefeituras estadual 201 i.e (i.e 20 2

Abstract The objective of this work was to analyze the influence of university education in the formation of the tax culture of the public accountant; where the bibliographic review was directed to prominent authors in the area such as: Matteucci (1995), Vizcaíno (2001), Robles (2002), Guaiquirima (2004), Brasvlasky (2005), Gómez (2008) and Coetzee and Oberholzer (2009), among others. Being an investigation under a documentary methodology, a pure bibliographic design, in which the collection of information was carried out through the documentary observation technique. It was concluded that the curricular structure in the university training of the public accountant should include teaching programs oriented to strengthen citizenship values; being important a combined relationship between the bodies of the Tax Administration, private companies and university institutions so that together they contribute to the generation of tax culture in citizens. The future professional has the opportunity to consolidate their commitment to the development of the country, correcting deep-rooted behaviors of tax evasion that have been present to escape from duties to the State; being the public accountant multiplying agent for the strengthening of the tax culture within the organizations and the community.

Abstract The objective of this work was to analyze the influence of university education in the formation of the tax culture of the public accountant; where the bibliographic review was directed to prominent authors in the area such as: Matteucci (1995), Vizcaíno (2001), Robles (2002), Guaiquirima (2004), Brasvlasky (2005), Gómez (2008) and Coetzee and Oberholzer (2009), among others. Being an investigation under a documentary methodology, a pure bibliographic design, in which the collection of information was carried out through the documentary observation technique. It was concluded that the curricular structure in the university training of the public accountant should include teaching programs oriented to strengthen citizenship values; being important a combined relationship between the bodies of the Tax Administration, private companies and university institutions so that together they contribute to the generation of tax culture in citizens. The future professional has the opportunity to consolidate their commitment to the development of the country, correcting deep-rooted behaviors of tax evasion that have been present to escape from duties to the State; being the public accountant multiplying agent for the strengthening of the tax culture within the organizations and the community.

Resumen Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de la educación universitaria en la formación de la cultura tributaria del contador público; donde la revisión bibliográfica estuvo dirigida a autores destacados en el área tales como: Matteucci (1995), Vizcaíno (2001), Robles (2002), Guaiquirima (2004), Brasvlasky (2005), Gómez (2008) y Coetzee y Oberholzer (2009), entre otros. Siendo una investigación bajo una metodología documental, un diseño bibliográfico puro, en la cual la recolección de la información se llevó a cabo a través de la técnica de observación documental. Se concluyó que la estructura curricular en la formación universitaria del contador público debe incluir programas de enseñanza orientados a fortalecer valores ciudadanos; siendo importante una relación combinada entre los órganos de la Administración Tributaria, la empresa privada y las instituciones universitarias para que de forma conjunta contribuyan con la generación de cultura tributaria en los ciudadanos. El futuro profesional tiene la oportunidad para consolidar su compromiso con el desarrollo del país, corrigiendo conductas arraigadas de evasión fiscal que se han hecho presente para escaparse de los deberes con el Estado; siendo el contador público agente multiplicador para el fortalecimiento de la cultura tributaria dentro de las organizaciones y la comunidad.

ABSTRACT The present work approaches the level of the tax culture of the merchants of the municipal market of the city of San Lorenzo. One way to strengthen the tax culture (understood as the set of values, beliefs and attitudes shared by a society with respect to taxation and the laws that govern it, which leads to permanent compliance with tax duties), is that people get knowledge about the issues and understand the importance of your tax responsibilities. Through the investigation, it was possible to detect the lack of knowledge regarding the taxes that merchants must pay in the municipal market, which drives to look for mechanisms so that they can access a constant training and by this formalize the activities they carry out. With the results obtained, it is evident the need for the Tax Administration to promote the Tax Education of the merchants through educational talks to inform and strengthen the knowledge that strengthens the Tax Culture and is gradually formalized. The central axes for the promotion of the tax culture are Information, Training and Awareness, so that mechanisms can be created to formalize economic activities and create a tax culture for municipal market merchants. The research in its inception was exploratory, resorting to documentary bibliographic modality. The results obtained show or prove the lack of knowledge about the taxes that merchants must pay in the municipal market of San Lorenzo.

RESUMEN El presente trabajo aborda el nivel de la cultura tributaria de los comerciantes del mercado municipal de la ciudad de San Lorenzo. Una forma de fortalecer la cultura tributaria (entendida ésta como el conjunto de valores, creencias y actitudes compartido por una sociedad respecto a la tributación y las leyes que la rigen, lo que conduce al cumplimiento permanente de los deberes fiscales), es que las personas obtengan conocimientos sobre los temas y comprendan la importancia de sus responsabilidades tributarias. Mediante la investigación se pudo detectar la falta de conocimiento respecto a los tributos que deben pagar los comerciantes apostados en el mercado municipal, lo que impulsa a buscar mecanismos para que los mismos puedan acceder a una capacitación constante y mediante esto formalizar las actividades que realizan. Con los resultados obtenidos, se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de que la Administración Tributaria debe impulsar la Educación Tributaria de los comerciantes a través de charlas educativas para informar y afianzar los conocimientos que fortalezcan la Cultura Tributaria y se formalicen paulatinamente. Los ejes centrales para la promoción de la cultura tributaria son la Información, la Formación y la Concienciación, para que se pueda crear unos mecanismos para formalizar las actividades económicas y se pueda crear una cultura tributaria de los comerciantes del mercado municipal. La investigación en su inicio fue exploratoria, recurriéndose a la modalidad bibliográfica documental. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran o comprueban la falta de conocimiento sobre los impuestos que deben pagar los comerciantes apostados en el mercado municipal de San Lorenzo.

ABSTRACT This article presents a theoretical description of the creation of a free tributary advisory center at the Metropolitan University of Ecuador (Machala), with the support of the Internal Revenue Service (SRI) which are promoting the implementation of the Accounting and Fiscal Support Nuclei (NAF), as part of the regional project promoted by the Eurosocial cooperation instrument. Its objective is to contribute to the development of a fiscal culture by raising awareness of the responsibility of the formal duties of natural persons not required to keep accounts and low income microentrepreneurs of Canton Machala, providing them services and guidance in basic tax matters such as: Fiscal Citizenship, Formal Duties, RISE, Declarations by Internet among others, with the cooperation of a Higher Education Institution (IES). The methodology used included the conceptual revision of the technical guidelines for the operation, planning, execution and monitoring of (NAF), review of the formal duties of taxpayers, classification of microentrepreneurs according to their tax obligations, collection of user data and the design of standard formats for tax advice to be implemented in the tax advisory center.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta una descripción teórica de la creación de un centro gratuito de asesoría tributaria en la Universidad Metropolitana del Ecuador, sede Machala, con el apoyo del Servicio de Rentas Internas (SRI) que se encuentran impulsando la implementación de los Núcleos de Apoyo Contable y Fiscal (NAF), como parte del proyecto regional impulsado por el instrumento de cooperación Eurosocial. Cuyo objetivo es contribuir al desarrollo de una cultura fiscal mediante la concientización de la responsabilidad de los deberes formales de las personas naturales no obligadas a llevar contabilidad y los microempresarios de baja renta del Cantón Machala, prestándoles servicios y orientaciones en materia fiscal básica tales como: Ciudadanía Fiscal, Deberes Formales, RISE, Declaraciones por internet entre otras, con la cooperación de una Institución de Educación Superior (IES). La metodología utilizada incluyó la revisión conceptual de los lineamientos técnicos de operación, planificación, ejecución y monitoreo de los (NAF), revisión de los deberes formales de los contribuyentes, clasificación de los microempresarios según sus obligaciones tributarias, recopilación de datos de los usuarios y el diseño de formatos estandarizados para el asesoramiento tributario que serán implementadas en el centro de asesoría tributaría.

The point of the curriculum it is a complex topic in the field of cognition, in view of the need for understanding of their meaning and re (meaning). This article aims to carry out an investigation around the questions about curriculum from a human development perspective, multiculturalism and cultural diversity. It is an investigation of qualitative and phenomenological approach type. The target population consisted of 10 (ten) teachers and a sample of 06 (six) teachers based on the use of unstructured interview technique. The collection of data was obtained through the application of unstructured interview script tool with open questions. According to the obtained results, it was found that the Faculty respondents have difficulties in understanding the curriculum focused on human development, multiculturalism and cultural diversity. Therefore, the curriculum of teachers practice emphasizes the tax curriculum, since the contents are presented to students in classroom as something historically built culture unbound, of values, of the students ' previous knowledge and cultural diversity.

A questão do currículo trata-se de um tema complexo no campo da cognição, tendo em vista a necessidade de compreensão de sua significação e re(significação). O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma investigação em torno das indagações sobre currículo a partir de uma perspectiva de desenvolvimento humano, multiculturalismo e de diversidade cultural. Trata-se de uma investigação do tipo qualitativa e de enfoque fenomenológico. A população alvo constou de 10 (dez) professores e de uma amostra de 06 (seis) docentes com base na utilização da técnica de entrevista não estruturada. A coleta dos dados foi obtida através da aplicação do instrumento roteiro de entrevista não estruturado com questões abertas. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, constatou-se que os docentes inquiridos têm dificuldades de compreensão do currículo voltado para o desenvolvimento humano, o multiculturalismo e a diversidade cultural. Portanto, a prática curricular dos docentes enfatiza o currículo impositivo, já que os conteúdos são apresentados aos alunos em sala de aula como algo desvinculado da cultura historicamente construída, dos valores, dos conhecimentos prévios dos alunos e, da diversidade cultural.