Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a experiência de aprendizagem implementada em uma Plataforma de Experiências de Aprendizagem nos processos de formação continuada de pessoas incorporadas ao Colégio de Profissionais de Orientação, a partir do enfoque de aprendizagem ativa. Uma metodologia sócio-crítica e um design de investigação-ação participativa foram utilizados em um grupo de 13 colegiados. Foi realizado um design técnico-pedagógico através de suas etapas de diagnóstico, design, implementação e avaliação da expe- riência, é desenvolvido através de um curso incorporado à oferta do Programa de Desenvolvimento Profissional, que fortalece o tema na atenção socioemocional em ambientes educativos. Os resultados mostram que através da plataforma Perusall® são integradas características do enfoque de aprendizagem ativa. Dentre as conclusões, destacase a necessidade de desenvolver propostas focadas em ambientes de aprendizagem personalizados, verificando-se que a Plataforma de Experiências de Aprendizagem (LXP) é uma ferramenta inovadora no campo pedagógico e integradora de tecnologias recentes, bem como que o design de Conhecimento Técnico Pedagógico do Conteúdo (TPACK) favorece o planejamento estratégico e ágil no desenvolvimento de propostas didáticas, são identificadas características desejáveis para futuros processos de capacitação a partir do enfoque proposto como maiores espaços sócio-colaborativos, articulação teórico-prática com ambientes de trabalho e aprofundamento do pensamento crítico .

Resumen: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la experiencia de aprendizaje implementada en una plataforma de experiencias de aprendizaje en los procesos de capacitación continua de personas incorporadas al Colegio de Profesionales de Orientación, desde el enfoque de aprendizaje activo. Se utilizó una metodología sociocrítica y un diseño de investigación-acción participativa en un grupo de 13 personas colegiadas. Además, se llevó a cabo un diseño tecnopedagógico a través de sus etapas de diagnóstico, diseño, implementación y evaluaciónde la experiencia; el cual se desarrolla por medio de un curso incorporado a la oferta del Programa de Desarrollo Profesional, que fortalece el tema en atención socioemocional en entornos educativos. Los resultados muestran que, por medio de la plataforma Perusall®, se alcanza a integrar características del enfoque de aprendizaje activo. Entre las conclusiones, destacan la necesidad de elaborar propuestas centradas en los ambientes personalizados de aprendizaje; se encuentra que la plataforma de experiencias de aprendizaje (LXP) es una herramienta innovadora en el ámbito pedagógico e integradora de tecnologías recientes, así como que el diseño de conocimiento técnico pedagógico del contenido (TPACK) favorece una planificación estratégica y ágil en la elaboración de propuestas didácticas. Así mismo, se identifican características deseables para futuros procesos de capacitación a partir del enfoque propuesto, como mayores espacios sociocolaborativos, vinculación teórico- práctica con ambientes laborales y profundización del pensamiento crítico.

Abstract: This article analyzes the learning experience through the use of a learning experience platform for continuous training processes among members of the Association of Orientation Professionals. The study was conducted with 13 members of the association using a socio-critical methodology and a participatory re- search design. A technopedagogical design was elaborated based on the diagnostic, design, implementation and evaluation phases of the experience, and was developed through a course incorporated in the Professional Development Program that strengthens socioemotional attention in educational environments. The results show that the Perusall® platform is able to integrate characteristics of the active learning approach. The conclusions highlight the need to develop proposals focused on personalized learning environments, and the Learning Experiences Platform (LXP) is an innovative pedagogical tool that combines recent technologies. The design of Technical Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) favors strategic and agile planning in the elaboration of didactic proposals and identifies desirable characteristics for future training processes based on the proposed approach, such as greater socio-collaborative spaces, theoretical-practical link with work environments and deepening of critical thinking.

RESUMO Nossa intenção neste artigo é pensar uma proposta didática que entrelace teorias como decolonidade (Mignolo, 2003, 2007; Quijano, 2005; Walsh, 2009, 2013, 2020), estudos do letramento (Street, 2003, 2014; Kleiman, 1995, 2006; Soares, 2003; Rojo, 2009), criticidade (Aguiar, 2022; Freire, 1997, 2006; Carbonieri, 2016) e interculturalidade crítica (Walsh, 2007, 2009, 2010), chegando à constituição do conceito de Letramento Cartográfico Digital Crítico. A ideia é que, por meio de uma pedagogia decolonial, esses conceitos entrem em convergência e, de forma orgânica, a síntese construída a partir do diálogo dessas teorias possa oportunizar outras possibilidades de estar, ser, sentir, existir, fazer, pensar, olhar, escutar e saber (Walsh, 2013) na escola através da produção de mapas virtuais, interativos e decoloniais. Mignolo, Mignolo (Mignolo 2003 2007 Quijano 2005 Walsh 2009 2013 2020, 2020 , 2020) Street, Street (Street 2014 Kleiman 1995 2006 Soares Rojo 2009) Aguiar, Aguiar (Aguiar 2022 Freire 1997 Carbonieri 2016 (Walsh 2010, 2010 2010) Crítico decolonial orgânica estar ser sentir existir fazer olhar virtuais decoloniais 200 201 202 199 20 19 2 1

ABSTRACT Our intention in this article is to think of a didactic proposal that intertwines theories such as decolonity (Mignolo, 2003, 2007; Quijano, 2005; Walsh, 2009, 2013, 2020), literacy studies (Street, 2003, 2014; Kleiman, 1995, 2006; Soares, 2003; Rojo, 2009), criticality (Aguiar, 2022; Freire, 1997, 2006; Carbonieri, 2016) and critical interculturality (Walsh, 2007, 2009, 2010), arriving at the constitution of the concept of Critical Digital Cartographic Literacy . The idea is that, through a decolonial pedagogy, these concepts converge and, in an organic way, the synthesis built from the dialogue of these theories can provide other possibilities of being, being, feeling, existing, doing, thinking, looking, listening and knowing (Walsh, 2013) at school through the production of virtual, interactive and decolonial maps. Mignolo, Mignolo (Mignolo 2003 2007 Quijano 2005 Walsh 2009 2013 2020, 2020 , 2020) Street, Street (Street 2014 Kleiman 1995 2006 Soares Rojo 2009) Aguiar, Aguiar (Aguiar 2022 Freire 1997 Carbonieri 2016 (Walsh 2010, 2010 2010) pedagogy way being feeling existing doing thinking looking virtual maps 200 201 202 199 20 19 2 1

Resumen: Este artículo se propone como un ensayo-performance, un escrito que resulta de un diálogo sobre la presencia/ausencia de las mujeres negras en la teoría social. Partimos de un diagnóstico de algunas posiciones clave sobre cómo la teoría social ha tratado las demandas identitarias y proponemos una discusión centrada en la idea de interseccionalidad como base para pensar el tema. Para ello, señalamos la importancia de recuperar el sentido crítico de la idea de interseccionalidad como expresión intelectual de la experiencia de las mujeres negras, que han enunciado esta idea incluso sin nombrar el término. Finalmente, desplazamos la idea de interseccionalidad hacia la idea de encrucijada y ofrecemos algunas aportaciones sobre el sentido y la posibilidad de la presencia de las mujeres negras en la teoría social. Resumen ensayoperformance, ensayoperformance ensayo performance, performance ensayo-performance presenciaausencia ausencia tema ello término Finalmente

Resumo: Este artigo propõe-se como ensaio-performance, uma escrita que resulta do diálogo sobre a presença/ausência de mulheres negras na teoria social. Partimos de um diagnóstico de algumas posições-chave sobre como a teoria social tem lidado com as demandas identitárias, e propomos uma discussão centrada na ideia de interseccionalidade como ponto de estofo para pensar a questão. Para tanto, destacamos a importância de recuperar o sentido crítico da ideia de interseccionalidade como expressão intelectual da experiência de mulheres negras, que, mesmo sem nomear o termo, já a enunciavam. Ao final, deslocamos a ideia de interseccionalidade para a ideia de encruzilhada e oferecemos algumas contribuições sobre o sentido e a possibilidade da presença de mulheres negras na teoria social. Resumo propõese propõe se ensaioperformance, ensaioperformance ensaio performance, performance ensaio-performance presençaausência ausência posiçõeschave posições chave identitárias questão tanto termo enunciavam final

Abstract: This article is an essay-performance, a piece of writing resulting from a dialog about the presence/absence of black women in social theory. We start from a diagnosis of some key positions on how social theory has dealt with identity demands and propose a discussion centered on the idea of intersectionality as a basis for thinking about the issue. To this end, we point out the importance of recovering the critical sense of the idea of intersectionality as an intellectual expression of the experience of black women, who have enunciated this idea even without naming the term. Finally, we shift the idea of intersectionality to the idea of crossroads and offer some contributions on the meaning and possibility of the presence of black women in social theory. Abstract essayperformance, essayperformance essay performance, performance essay-performance presenceabsence absence issue end term Finally

Collaboration between different disciplines, sectors and society is essential to tackle contemporary sustainability problems. This paper integrates learnings and reflections from a series of workshops and interviews conducted in the Berg-Breede landscape that explored the challenges and enablers to long-term, researcher-practitioner partnerships. We found several, often entrenched and systemic, challenges to working collectively and equitably within complex landscape spaces. From conversations on solutions to these hurdles, we distilled out four key enablers of enduring collaboration, drawing on critical moments of learning and understanding and thinking about how the benefits and values of collaboration can be leveraged and amplified. Our work illuminates how supporting enduring collaborations can help bridge the research-implementation gap to facilitate more equitable and resilient multi-functional landscapes. SIGNIFICANCE: While sustainable and equitable management of landscapes can be improved through intentional efforts to build collaborative partnerships between researchers and practitioners, the longevity and endurance of these partnerships rely on several features, including shifts in the way researchers design and undertake their research, in the values and benefits that collaboration can deliver, and in how research findings are articulated and shared. Third spaces can play an important role in achieving these shifts and enhancing collaboration.

Inter- and transdisciplinary curricula can potentially develop an integrated understanding of an increasingly interconnected, complex world and develop students' agency, empathy, creativity and critical thinking skills. Within the South African qualification landscape, the Postgraduate Diploma (PGDip) is identified as a multi-or interdisciplinary qualification that allows working professionals 'to undertake advanced reflection and development by means of a systematic survey of current thinking, practice and research methods in an area of specialisation'. In this paper, four academics reflexively share their experiences of (re)developing and piloting transdisciplinary curricula for the PGDip in Sustainable Development (at Stellenbosch University) and the PGDip in Sustainability Learning (at Rhodes University). Reflections centre around the rationale, context and emergence of the two programmes, their structure and intended learning outcomes, and principles guiding the overall curriculum design. We highlight the appropriateness of transdisciplinary approaches to curricula focused on the sustainability field, and it distils three broad features of the two PGDip programmes that seem important - even necessary - for developing students' competencies as sustainability practitioners. These are ontological groundedness, epistemological openness and ethical attentiveness. SIGNIFICANCE: This paper provides a rationale for pursuing transdisciplinary curricula that are oriented to sustainability. It shares reflections from two postgraduate diploma curriculum design processes and provides summative insights into broad features of transdisciplinary curriculum design that may enhance sustainability transitions. These features may help to guide other university curriculum developers wanting to design similar programmes to support sustainability transitions.

RESUMEN Es necesario desarrollar trabajos que centren su interés en el tema de los valores inherentes al proceso de generación del conocimiento, con el fin de fortalecer la formación de los académicos en el postgrado. El artículo forma parte del proyecto en desarrollo “Éticas Aplicadas y Educación” y como instrumento se diseñó un cuestionario administrado a una muestra de 291 profesores e investigadores de una universidad pública mexicana, que laboran en diversas áreas de conocimiento. El análisis se realizó a través de una lectura minuciosa que permitió reconocer y clasificar valores y otros elementos axiológicos, organizados según el porcentaje obtenido. Los resultados evidencian un núcleo estable de valores: Honestidad, Responsabilidad, Integridad Científica, Compromiso y Respeto. Se enfatiza la preocupación por el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, la visión del trabajo de los académicos como bien social y la necesidad de continuar estudiando para conocer los principios éticos especiales relacionados con los marcos disciplinares.

ABSTRACT We consider that it is necessary to develop work that focuses on the values inherent to the process of creating knowledge, in order to strengthen the training of postgraduate studies scholars. This article arises from an ongoing project called “Applied Ethics and Education”. As a data collection instrument, a questionnaire was applied to a sample of 291 professors and researchers from a Mexican public university, who work in different areas of knowledge. The analysis was carried out through exhaustive reading that allowed values and other axiological elements to be recognized and classified, organized according to the percentage obtained. The results show a stable core of values: Honesty, Responsibility, Scientific Integrity, Commitment and Respect. We highlight the concern with the development of critical thinking, the view of the work of teachers and researchers as a social good and the need to continue investigating the specific ethical principles related to different disciplinary frameworks.

RESUMO É necessário desenvolver trabalhos que se foquem no valores inerentes ao processo de criação de conhecimento, a fim de fortalecer a formação de professores e investigadores de estudos pós-graduados. Este artigo decorre de um projeto em curso denominado “Ética Aplicada e Educação”. Como instrumento de recolha de dados aplicou-se um questionário a uma amostra de 291 professores e investigadores de uma universidade pública mexicana, que atuam em diversas áreas do conhecimento. A análise foi realizada através de uma leitura exaustiva que permitiu reconhecer e classificar valores e outros elementos axiológicos, organizados de acordo com a percentagem obtida. Os resultados mostram um núcleo estável de valores: Honestidade, Responsabilidade, Integridade Científica, Compromisso e Respeito. Destaca-se a preocupação com o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico, a visão do trabalho dos professores e investigadores como um bem social e a necessidade de continuar a investigar os princípios éticos específicos de cada contexto disciplinar.

Abstract: This work explores managerialism's influence on social sciences in Latin American universities. It looks at how management structures and practices impact academic work in this area of knowledge. It is proposed that managerialism, emphasizing efficiency and effectiveness, restricts the development of theoretical and methodological diversity in the discipline, endorsing easily measurable approaches that are more aligned with academic productivity indicators. Through Niklas Luhmann’s theory, this work offers an understanding of universities as decision systems. It analyzes how these institutions manage complexity through regulatory programs that organize their decisions around specific purposes determined by principles such as quantification and bureaucratization. Last, it is suggested that current models in the context of social sciences of Latin American universities, where critical thinking, and commitment to social problems should play a central role in academic work, need to be reviewed.

Resumen: En este trabajo se explora la influencia del gerencialismo en las ciencias sociales en las universidades latinoamericanas. En particular, se observa cómo las estructuras y las prácticas de gestión afectan las labores académicas en esta área del conocimiento. Se plantea que el gerencialismo, con su énfasis en la eficiencia y la eficacia, limita el desarrollo de la diversidad teórica y metodológica en la disciplina, favoreciendo enfoques que son fácilmente medibles y, por lo tanto, más alineados con los indicadores de productividad académica. A través de la teoría de Niklas Luhmann, este trabajo ofrece una comprensión de las universidades como sistemas de decisiones. Se analiza cómo estas instituciones gestionan la complejidad a través de programas regulatorios que ordenan sus decisiones en torno a fines específicos determinados por principios como la cuantificación y la burocratización. Finamente, se sugiere la necesidad de revisar los modelos actuales en el contexto de las ciencias sociales de las universidades latinoamericanas donde el pensamiento crítico y el compromiso con las problemáticas sociales deberían jugar un papel central en la definición de su quehacer.

Abstract This article aims to demonstrate that the use of intersectionality, as an analytical, political and social strategy, is compatible with a critical and radical reading of criminology, considering LGBT issues as a central point of the implications of violence and vulnerability. Intersectionality is used as a strategy for contemporary criminological thinking, given its analytical potential regarding the intersection of power systems and the production of inequalities. The course of reflections, which has LGBTphobic violence as a starting point, begins with a brief exposition of Brazilian data on homotransphobia and its relations with the intersectional perspective. It then justifies the choice of Patricia Hill Collins and her approach to intersectionality as a critical social theory. It advances the analysis of intersectional thinking as a necessary strategy for contemporary criminological criticism, by repositioning reflections on vulnerability, especially regarding LGBT debates. The results of these discussions leave open possibilities for a paradigm shift in Brazilian critical criminological thinking, which has become accustomed to working with social markers of difference in a generic or isolationist bias, a perspective that can be overcome with the intersectional criminology proposed by Hillary Potter. vulnerability inequalities theory criticism debates bias Potter

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar que o uso da interseccionalidade, enquanto estratégia analítica, política e social, se compatibiliza com uma leitura crítica e radical da criminologia, considerando as questões LGBT como ponto central das implicações de violência e vulnerabilidade. A interseccionalidade é empregada como estratégia para o pensamento criminológico contemporâneo, diante do seu potencial analítico quanto ao entrecruzamento dos sistemas de poder e a produção de desigualdades. O percurso das reflexões, que tem a violência LGBTfóbica como ponto de partida, inicia com uma breve exposição de dados brasileiros sobre a homotransfobia e suas relações com a perspectiva interseccional. Em seguida, justifica a escolha de Patrícia Hill Collins e sua abordagem da interseccionalidade como teoria crítica social. Avança na análise do pensamento interseccional como estratégia necessária à crítica criminológica contemporânea, ao reposicionar reflexões sobre vulnerabilidade, especialmente quanto aos debates LGBT’s. Os resultados destas discussões deixam em aberto possibilidades de uma mudança paradigmática no pensamento criminológico crítico brasileiro, que se habituou a trabalhar com marcadores sociais da diferença em um viés genérico ou isolacionista, perspectiva que pode ser superada com a criminologia interseccional proposta por Hillary Potter. analítica social vulnerabilidade contemporâneo desigualdades partida seguida contemporânea LGBTs. LGBTs s. s LGBT’s brasileiro isolacionista Potter

In hierdie bydrae sal aangetoon word op welke wyse Hegel in die Phänomenologie des Geistes (1988; hierma FvdG (2013)) betoog dat subjek en objek nie afsonderlik van mekaar bedink kan word nie. Die antwoord op hierdie vraagstuk lê in 'n bepaalde toeëiening van die begrip van die absolute wat as dialektiese bemiddeling tussen subjek en objek dien, waaruit die begrip van selfbewussyn na vore tree. Selfbewussyn is nie alleen 'n hoër vorm van subjektiwiteit nie, maar vorm deel van die groter werklikheid van subjek en objek. Enersyds is die belangrikheid van hierdie vraagstuk van so 'n aard dat dit verdien om geïsoleerd binne Hegel se Phänomenologie bespreek te word, en andersyds moet die vraagstuk gekontekstualiseer word sodat die wyer debatte waarbinne Hegel se antwoord op hierdie aangeleentheid neerslag vind, ook die nodige aandag kry. Ten slotte moet daar ook gewys word op die posisie wat hierdie onderwerp binne Hegel se eie sisteem beklee, naamlik as oorgang tot die begrip van Anerkennung, bloot om die problematiek van denke oor die selfbewussyn as geïsoleerde onderwerp uit te wys. Die debat rondom die verhouding tussen subjek en objek sal vanaf Kant gerekonstrueer word, met die twee sleutelfigure van Fichte en Schelling as verteenwoordigers van uiteenlopende strominge waaruit Hegel geput het. Beide staan egter 'n bemiddelende, spekulatiewe toevoeging tot die subjek-objek-verhouding, die absolute, voor. By Fichte staan die absolute nader aan die subjek en by Schelling die objek, oftewel die natuur. Hegel neem elemente by beide oor maar behou die absolute as bemiddeling. In die eerste drie hoofstukke van Hegel se Fenomenologie van die Gees (FvdG) word die objektiewe aanspraak wat die wetenskap op die waarheid maak ondersoek en word dit as ontoereikend aangebied aan die hand van die inherent weersprekende begrippe (dat 'n ding tegelyk uit 'n eenheid en veelheid van kragte kan bestaan) waarvan dit noodwendig gebruik maak om wetenskap te kan wees. Hiermee wil Hegel nie die wetenskaplike metode as sodanig irrelevant verklaar nie, maar poog om die groter beweging wat die begrip van objektiewe eksterne werklikheid moontlik maak, te identifiseer en uiteindelik te inkorporeer by 'n meer omvangryke begrip van waarheid. Sodanige omvangryke begrip sal noodwendig rekening moet hou met die subjektiewe; die verstandsaktiwiteit waaruit begrippe gevorm word. Anders as by sy voorgangers (Descartes en Kant) beweer Hegel egter nie dat die subjektiwiteit die werklikheid omvat nie, vandaar sy gebruik van die begrip van die fenomenologie, wat op die gebeurtenis van die verskynsels fokus. Die ware is nie 'n afgesonderde noumenale sfeer wat nooit deur die subjek geken kan word nie, maar ontvou as dít wat ten dele deur die subjektiewe, die interpreterende selfbewus-syn, oopgemaak word. Ten slotte dra die besef van die wederkerigheid van subjek en objek by tot die totstandkoming van die selfbewussyn, 'n begrip wat wys op die verweefdheid van bestaan (syn) en self. Drie fases van die objektiewe opvatting van die werklikheid word in die proses van die totstandkoming van selfbewussyn uitgedaag: die aansprake van die sintuiglike sekerheid, die waarneming (gegrond op Hume se sogenaamde "secondary impressions") en ten laaste die begrip van krag as dit wat onderliggend aan alle liggame is. Hegel wys daarop dat die selfbewussyn nie die resultaat, of passiewe waarnemer is van die werklikheid soos dit in die wetenskap voorgestel word nie, maar dat dit 'n noodsaaklike bydrae lewer om die werklikheid van die wetenskap te postuleer sonder om die gewaarwording tot subjektiwiteit te reduseer. Die objektiewe en die subjektiewe is nie twee geskeide domeine van die werklikheid nie, maar gee gelyktydig aan mekaar oorsprong. Laastens sal daarop gewys word dat selfbewussyn nie eenduidig is nie, maar in verhouding staan tot ander selfbewussyne.

This article will explore in what sense subject and object are considered reciprocally in Hegel's first three chapters in the Phenomenology of Spirit. The third chapter, although notoriously difficult to read, is one of the most important epistemological documents in modern philosophy. Hegel's approach will be traced within the debate stemming from Kant's transcendental philosophy mainly through Fichte and Schelling. It will be shown that Hegel incorporated elements from all these figures to arrive at his unique position. Kant's transcendental philosophy established the idea that the thinking consciousness contributes fundamentally to knowledge to the extent that knowledge is fully produced by the subject, and the true nature of the object is unattainable to consciousness. The widely held conclusion was that Kant S thought amounted to a too strong divide between subject and object. Fichte and Schelling managed, thanks to the notion of the absolute, to mediate between subject and object, thereby opening the door to Hegel's dialectics as a philosophy of mediation. Both Fichte and Schelling, as was the case, broadly speaking, with German Idealism taken as a whole, still considered thinking as an activity of being that contributes to the fulfilment of being, linking objects to consciousness. Fichte's "absolute I", a consciousness that precedes the consciousness of the self, standing over the self and the object, was deemed to resemble the Kantian subject too closely. Schelling's natural philosophy, on the other hand, situates the absolute within nature and consciousness as developing from within nature towards the deployment of the self. This approach was considered potentially falling back into a dogmatic mode of thinking. Even if these positions remain caught in problems they seek to overcome, they did make notable progress in addressing the question of the relation of the subject to the object in a modern context. Hegel develops his initial answer to this question in the Phenomenology of Spirit first as an inheritor of the Enlightenment, notably empiricism, but stands critical of its basic suppositions. He does not accept that complete knowledge is immediately accessible, and resorts to the notion of the Absolute to indicate that mediated knowledge leads to truth. Unlike Fichte, Reinhold and Schelling, he does not immediately introduce the absolute as a mediator of knowledge but arrives at it through counterarguments for the positions put forward by the assumption of immediate objective knowledge. This dialectic approach leads to the unfolding of consciousness, self-consciousness and Spirit. Our subjective contribution to knowledge production is also not assumed beforehand, like in Kant, but is the result of the confrontation with the assumptions made by experiential knowledge. Without subjectivity, knowledge of the unity of reality is impossible, as is knowledge of the difference between objects. Knowing objects according to their nature requires subjectivity from which order is established, but the subject experiences itself as standing in relation to objects. Consciousness is confronted by an outside world that must be made sense of. Not only is the establishment of the relation between subject and object important but according to Hegel, the subject's relation to the object is reflected in his self-understanding and self-consciousness. The notion of self-consciousness is revealed precisely by the relation between subject and object, but not before this relation. Hegel therefore starts his journey to the absolute through natural consciousness, a consciousness that takes immediate knowledge of objects around us as authoritative. One can call this immediate knowledge objective in the sense that it takes no queues from subjectivity. Hegel proceeds to critique objective knowledge, claiming that immediate knowledge doesn't reckon with the factor of time, and therefore cannot be the ultimate source of truth. This critique is ambivalent, as it does recognise the world of objects as a source for knowledge, however, this must be supplemented by our own consciousness in order to arrive at a deeper understanding of this knowledge. Consciousness becomes an essential ingredient necessary for understanding. The second chapter introduces perception as the measure of reality. Perception brings a multitude of things under a general principle, thereby creating an understanding between things and their general substance. This second approach to truth cannot explain how generality and particularity exist in the first place. Hegel moves to the notoriously difficult third chapter in which he describes the dynamic relation between force and understanding. Force is identified as the underlying dimension of external reality, but it has in turn to be postulated, making necessary the involvement of the understanding as hypothesising activity. At first, force is merely described in terms of its expressions, but acknowledgement of its fundamental trait as underlying the whole of physical reality without being a tangible thing, leads to the realisation of the role of the understanding. This realisation is self-consciousness. Self-consciousness becomes aware of its participative role in its determination of the underlying structures of reality, structures that are postulated, and not apparent. In the last section, it is pointed out that self-consciousness is not to be understood as standing alone concerning objects - self-consciousness also stands in relation to other-selves. Self-consciousness is not an object and cannot be fully determined as is the case with things. This does not form the primary concern of the article and will merely be described to point to the position of self-consciousness within the larger scheme of Hegel's thinking. This does not take away the importance that the topic under discussion here has for the development of Hegel's system, which is the reason for the focus given here.

ABSTRACT The territories ofNuestra Américahave been subjected to natural and sociopolitical dynamics that put them at risk. However, governmental authorities have preferred to implement strategies borrowed from the so-called developed countries rather than to develop their own strategies based on local past-experiences and knowledge. Therefore, from the need to reflect on the importance of construct proposals for the integral resilience of the territories, considering the characteristics and potential of local ecosystems and sociocultural aspects, the historical particularities and political ecology aspects stand out. Those are important in the construction or strengthening of resilience in Nuestra América.

RESUMEN Los territorios de Nuestra América han estado sometidos a dinámicas naturales y sociopolíticas que los ponen en riesgo. Sin embargo, las autoridades gubernamentales han preferido implementar estrategias de países considerados desarrollados, en lugar de aprender de las experiencias pasadas y emplear el conocimiento local. Por tanto, a partir de la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la importancia de construir propuestas para la resiliencia integral de los territorios, teniendo en cuenta las características y potencialidades ecosistémicas y socioculturales locales, se destacan las particularidades históricas y los aspectos de ecología política a considerar al pensar en la construcción o fortalecimiento de resiliencia en Nuestra América.

Abstract The conceptualization of peace education has been approached from different paradigms with specific historical and contextual developments, which reveals that the notion of peace is not univocal. This work is based on the recognition of the diverse forms of violence present in Mexico and aims to present a critical reflection on the conceptualization of peace education, as well as to propose a frame of reference for its implementation in the country through the incorporation of feminist and decolonial perspectives that can enrich the approaches to peace education work. First, a conceptualization of the development of peace studies and research, and the way in which peace education has been constructed from more classical perspectives, is presented. Subsequently, these conceptualizations are questioned and expanded from what is known as “other pedagogies”, arguing that thinking about peace and its education from the criteria of experience, tenderness, hope, and resistance is relevant, given that it is necessary to start from the specific ways in which peace is lived, felt and constructed in the Mexican context.

Resumen La conceptualización de la educación para la paz se ha abordado desde diferentes paradigmas con desarrollos históricos y contextuales específicos, lo que pone de manifiesto que la noción de paz no es unívoca. Este trabajo parte del reconocimiento de las diversas formas de violencia presentes en México y tiene como objetivo presentar una reflexión crítica en torno a la conceptualización de la educación para la paz, así como proponer un marco de referencia para su implementación en el país a través de la incorporación de perspectivas feministas y decoloniales que puedan enriquecer los planteamientos del trabajo educativo para la paz. En primer lugar, se presenta una conceptualización del desarrollo de los estudios y la investigación para la paz, y de la manera en que se ha construido la educación para la paz desde perspectivas más clásicas. Posteriormente, se cuestionan y amplían estas conceptualizaciones desde lo que se conoce como “pedagogías otras”, argumentando que pensar la paz y su educación desde los criterios de la experiencia, la ternura, la esperanza y la resistencia es pertinente, dado que es necesario partir de las formas propias en las que se viven, sienten y construyen las paces en el contexto mexicano.

ABSTRACT This article addresses the integration of philosophy for children with theater pedagogy in school contexts, highlighting the influence of Matthew Lipman's multidimensional thinking. It explores how these approaches enrich students' critical, creative and caring thinking. The present research adopted a documentary-type methodology with bibliographic design. As conclusions we have that the combination of philosophy for children with theatrical pedagogy proves to be highly beneficial. It is observed that it can promote an integral development in students, preparing them to face contemporary challenges in an ethical and responsible way.

RESUMEN Este artículo aborda la integración de la filosofía para niños y niñas con la pedagogía teatral en contextos escolares, destacando la influencia del pensamiento multidimensional de Matthew Lipman. Se explora cómo estos enfoques enriquecen el pensamiento crítico, creativo y cuidadoso de los estudiantes. La presente investigación adoptó una metodología de tipo documental con diseño bibliográfico. Como conclusiones tenemos que la combinación de la filosofía para niños y niñas con la pedagogía teatral demuestra ser altamente beneficiosa. Se observa que se puede promover un desarrollo integral en los estudiantes, preparándolos para enfrentar los desafíos contemporáneos de manera ética y responsable.

Abstract The concept and design of urban spaces following the standard of hegemonic individuals is criticized by alternative lines of thought which conceive cities on the basis of human diversity. Such objections, however, disregard the fact that those individuals, as a primary distinctive feature, belong to the homo sapiens species, which has implications since the conception of territory and urban space is centered around those individuals. At the outset, this last aspect appears to be dilemmatic as we live among individuals forming part of different biological groups. Due to this fact, the aim of this essay is to analyse the concept of critical urban planning that takes a more intersectional and non-anthropocentric approach. I accordingly support the theories on disability which raise objections to the traditional urban planning framework based on city dwellers. I shall therefore critically consider the capacity-model reference, stating the anthropocentric reasons to reject the traditional way of thinking. I shall base my arguments on the reasons underlying the traditional framework, being speciesist in nature from the point of view of animal ethics, which actively interact with the notion of ableism based on a crip animal approach. Finally, I shall consider the political changes supporting the latest reflections related to animal rights, with a view to depicting their implications in the context of urban planning.

Resumen Los espacios urbanos responden a un modelo de sujeto hegemónico que es criticado por distintas corrientes que abogan por ciudades pensadas desde la diversidad humana. Sin embargo, esas objeciones suelen llevarse a cabo sin cuestionar que el primer rasgo de aquel sujeto es su pertenencia a la especie homo sapiens y que, en consecuencia, la cuestión tanto territorial como de la urbe se centra en él. Esto es problemático, ya que convivimos con individuos de diferentes grupos biológicos. A raíz de ello, mi objetivo es plantear la necesidad de un urbanismo crítico, interseccional y no antropocéntrico. Con ese fin, selecciono los cuestionamientos que recibe el modelo tradicional de habitante urbano por parte de las teorías de la discapacidad. Me detendré en el carácter capacitista del prototipo de referencia y las razones antropocéntricas que se emplean para su rechazo. Luego, argumentaré que esos motivos son especistas desde la perspectiva de la ética animal e interactúan con el capacitismo a la luz del enfoque animalista crip. Por último, daré paso al giro político para los derechos de los animales con la intención de exhibir sus implicancias en materia de urbanismo.

Resumen Este artículo es un ejercicio de reflexividad sobre investigaciones etnográficas propias de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 realizadas en 2020-2021. Se analizan aquí experiencias, narrativas y políticas de diagnóstico y control de la circulación del virus en tres ciudades de diferente escala urbana de Argentina. Realizado en la postpandemia, nuestro análisis se propone aportar al estudio del fenómeno sanitario desde la antropología social, ofreciendo recomendaciones para la planificación y gestión de futuros y probables confinamientos. Concluimos que nuestra contribución como científicas sociales es la comprensión del fenómeno sanitario en el marco de desigualdades estructurales, emergiendo la necesidad de planificar la prevención por confinamiento a escalas micro, meso y macro sociales. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- 20202021. 20202021 2020 2021. 2021 2020-2021 experiencias Argentina postpandemia social confinamientos estructurales micro SARS-CoV 2020202 202 2020-202 202020 20 2020-20 20202 2020-2 2020-

Abstract This article is a critical reflexivity approach of our own ethnographic research on SARS-CoV-2 infection carried out during 2020-2021. Experiences, narratives, interpretations and policies for the diagnosis and control of the circulation of the virus in three cities of different urban scale in Argentina are analyzed here. Carried out in the post-pandemic, our analysis aims to converge experiences, tellings and policies to make significant contributions to the study and understanding of the health phenomenon from social anthropology, offering recommendations for the planning and management of future and probable confinements. We conclude that our contribution as social scientists is the understanding of the health phenomenon within the framework of structural inequalities, emerging the need to plan prevention due to confinement at micro, meso and macro social scales. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- 20202021. 20202021 2020 2021. 2021 2020-2021 Experiences narratives here postpandemic, postpandemic post pandemic, pandemic post-pandemic experiences anthropology confinements inequalities micro scales SARS-CoV 2020202 202 2020-202 202020 20 2020-20 20202 2020-2 2020-

Resumen: Las técnicas de Gianni Rodari y Edward de Bono tienen gran importancia pues promueven el interés del estudiante en el proceso de producción de textos a través de la experimentación, que se logra al aplicar la metodología lúdica y el pensamiento creativo en las aulas. Por esta razón, la investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las técnicas de Gianni Rodari y Edward De Bono como una estrategia de enseñanza para mejorar el proceso de escritura creativa en estudiantes de educación general básica en Ecuador. El escrito se elaboró empleando un enfoque deductivo, respaldado además por una investigación documental con enfoque cualitativo. No obstante, en cuanto a los resultados obtenidos, se evidenció a través del informe presentado por el Instituto Nacional de Evaluación Educativa en las pruebas Pisa que el promedio de Ecuador en lectura es de 409, lo que lo sitúa en nivel 2 que corresponde al nivel mínimo de competencias. Esto se debe al desconocimiento de técnicas y estrategias innovadoras en el ámbito escolar. Se concluyó que dichas técnicas estimulan la imaginación al tiempo que refuerza la confianza y autoestima del niño o niña, mejora la capacidad comunicativa y de escritura, y desarrolla el pensamiento crítico desde la expresión personal.

Abstract: The techniques of Gianni Rodari and Edward de Bono are of great importance, since they promote the student's interest in the process of text production through experimentation, which is achieved by applying the playful methodology and creative thinking in the classroom. Thus, the research aims to analyze the Techniques of Gianni Rodari and Edward De Bono as a teaching strategy to improve the creative writing process in students of general basic education in Ecuador. It can be indicated that the writing was elaborated using a deductive approach, supported by documentary research with a qualitative approach. However, as for the results obtained, it was evidenced through the report presented by INEVAL in the Pisa tests that Ecuador's average in reading is 409, which places it in level 2, the minimum level of competencies, this is due to the lack of knowledge of innovative techniques and strategies in the school environment. In summary, these techniques stimulate the imagination while reinforcing the child's confidence and self-esteem, improve communication and writing skills, and finally, develop critical thinking through personal expression.