Resumen Marco contextual: Los estudiantes de enfermería están sometidos a estrés a lo largo de sus estudios, especialmente durante las prácticas clínicas. El conocimiento de las estrategias de afrontamiento (coping) utilizadas nos permite identificar recursos para mitigar el estrés al que están sometidos. Objetivo: Traducir y validar el instrumento Coping Behavior Inventory para el idioma portugués europeo. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio metodológico que utilizó una muestra no probabilística de 113 estudiantes de los cuatro años de la carrera de Enfermería. Para evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento, se determinó la validez de constructo de la escala mediante el método de análisis de componentes principales y la consistencia interna mediante el cálculo del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio extrajo cuatro factores comunes que explican el 57,5% de la varianza retenida, con un valor alfa de Cronbach para la escala total de 0,668. Conclusión: El Inventario de Comportamientos de Afrontamiento tiene características psicométricas adecuadas en portugués europeo y es un instrumento fiable para evaluar las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los estudiantes de enfermería.

Resumo Enquadramento: Os estudantes de enfermagem estão sujeitos a stress ao longo do curso de enfermagem sobretudo durante a prática clínica. O conhecimento das estratégias de coping utilizadas permite identificar recursos para mitigar o stress a que estes estão sujeitos. Objetivo: Traduzir e validar o instrumento Coping Behaviour Inventory para o idioma português europeu. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico onde foi utilizada uma amostra não probabilística de 113 estudantes dos 4 anos do curso de licenciatura em enfermagem. Para a aferição das propriedades psicométricas do instrumento foi determinada a validade de construto da escala pelo método de análise de componentes principais e a consistência interna pelo cálculo do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: Pela análise fatorial exploratória foram extraídos quatro fatores comuns que explicam 57,5% da variância retida sendo o valor alfa de Cronbach para a escala total de 0,668. Conclusão: O Inventário de comportamentos de coping apresenta características psicométricas adequadas no idioma português europeu, sendo um instrumento fiável na avaliação das estratégias de coping utilizadas pelos estudantes de enfermagem.

Abstract Background: Nursing students are exposed to stress during their nursing program, particularly during clinical practice. Identifying the coping strategies used during this period can help identify resources to mitigate the stress they face. Objective: To translate and validate the Coping Behavior Inventory (CBI) into European Portuguese. Methodology: Methodological study with a nonprobability sample of 113 students attending the four years of the nursing program. To assess the psychometric properties of the instrument, its validity was analyzed using the principal component analysis method and its internal consistency by calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results: Four common factors were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis, explaining 57.5% of the variance, with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.668 for the total scale. Conclusion: The European Portuguese version of the CBI has adequate psychometric characteristics and is a reliable tool for assessing the coping strategies used by nursing students.

Abstract Introduction: The nursing process is the method that allows us to administer care to people with chronic diseases through the disease stages, that is, assessment, diagnostic reasoning, nursing care plan and evaluation. Objective: Evaluate a nursing care plan for an older adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis with a focus on therapeutic health education. Methodology: Observational, descriptive, and longitudinal clinical case study of a 63-year-old patient with diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis; the Marjory Gordon instrument was used for assessment, and standardized language was used for diagnostic reasoning, planning, execution and evaluation. Under bioethical principles, this is a minimal risk research, and the privacy and data of the elderly are protected. Results: Alteration was found in the pattern of perception/maintenance of health, nutritional/metabolic, exercise activity and coping with stress; with the establishment of activities to control glucose, priority was given to prescribed diet, exercise, adherence to treatment and coping with stress. Acceptance of the disease, learning to take capillary glucose and glycemic control was achieved, as well as adherence to the prescribed diet and exercise. Conclusions: Therapeutic health education achieved adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, as well as the acceptance of the health status, which allows acquiring self-control of the disease. Continuous and long-term follow-up is important due to the pathological progress, age and general deterioration of the patient.

Abstrato Introdução. O processo de enfermagem é o método que nos permite administrar a assistência a pessoas com doenças crônicas por meio dos estágios da doença, ou seja, avaliação, raciocínio diagnóstico, plano de assistência de enfermagem e avaliação. Objetivo: Avaliar um plano de cuidados de enfermagem para um adulto mais velho com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e osteoporose com foco na educação terapêutica em saúde. Metodologia: Estudo de caso clínico observacional, descritivo e longitudinal de uma paciente de 63 anos com diabetes mellitus e osteoporose; para a avaliação foi utilizado o instrumento Marjory Gordon para raciocínio diagnóstico, planejamento, execução e avaliação, para raciocínio diagnóstico, planejamento, execução e avaliação, foi utilizada a linguagem padronizada. De acordo com os princípios bioéticos, essa é uma pesquisa de risco mínimo, e a privacidade e os dados dos idosos são protegidos. Resultados: Foi encontrada alteração no padrão de percepção/manutenção da saúde, nutricional/metabólico, atividade física e enfrentamento do estresse; com o estabelecimento de atividades para controlar a glicose, a prioridade foi dada à dieta prescrita, aos exercícios, à adesão ao tratamento e ao enfrentamento do estresse. Houve aceitação da doença, aprendizado da medição da glicose capilar e controle glicêmico, além de adesão à dieta e aos exercícios prescritos. Conclusões: A educação terapêutica em saúde conseguiu a adesão ao tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico, bem como a aceitação do estado de saúde, que permite adquirir o autocontrolo da doença, sendo importante a monitorização contínua e a longo prazo da evolução patológica, da idade e da deterioração geral do paciente.

Resumen Introducción: El proceso de enfermería es el método que nos permite administrar los cuidados a personas con enfermedades crónicas a través de sus etapas: valoración, razonamiento diagnóstico, plan de cuidados de enfermería y evaluación. Objetivo: Evaluar un plan de cuidados de enfermería a una adulta mayor con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y osteoporosis con enfoque a la educación para la salud terapéutica. Metodología: Estudio de caso clínico, observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal, a paciente de 63 años con diabetes mellitus y osteoporosis; para la valoración se empleó el instrumento de Marjory Gordon, para el razonamiento diagnóstico, planeación, ejecución y evaluación se utilizó el lenguaje estandarizado de enfermería. Bajo los principios bioéticos es una investigación de riesgo mínimo, se protege la privacidad y datos del adulto mayor. Resultados: Se encontró alteración en el patrón percepción / mantenimiento de la salud, nutricional / metabólico, actividad ejercicio y afrontamiento del estrés; estableciendo actividades para el control de su glucosa, se priorizó en dieta prescrita, ejercicio, adherencia al tratamiento y afrontamiento al estrés. Se logró aceptación de la enfermedad, aprendizaje de toma de glucosa capilar y control glucémico, además del apego a dieta y ejercicio prescrito. Conclusiones: La educación para la salud terapéutica logró el apego al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico, así como la aceptación del estado de salud le permite adquirir el autocontrol de su enfermedad, es importante el seguimiento continuo y a largo plazo por el avance patológico, edad y deterioro general de la paciente.

Resumen El duelo por finalización de una relación de pareja puede ser una experiencia que genera diferentes afectaciones, y para lidiar con ello, las personas utilizan diversos recursos de afrontamiento. El presente estudió buscó identificar las diferentes estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizan las personas en duelo de pareja en general y según el tiempo de finalización del vínculo. Esta investigación, de enfoque cuantitativo, alcance descriptivo no experimental y de corte transversal, fue realizada con 172 participantes, elegidos en un muestro a conveniencia. Se evidenció en los resultados que las estrategias que presentaron menor uso fueron la búsqueda de solución de problemas y la reevaluación positiva, y las más utilizadas fueron la búsqueda de apoyo social, la espera, religión, evitación emocional, el apoyo profesional, la reacción agresiva, la evitación cognitiva y la expresión de dificultad de afrontamiento. A nivel del tiempo de la finalización de la relación, se encontró mayor uso de la evitación emocional, reacción agresiva, evitación cognitiva y el apoyo profesional en aquellos con 6 meses de duelo, y menor uso de la reevaluación positiva, búsqueda de apoyo social, solución de problemas, negación, expresión de la dificultad de afrontamiento y autonomía en este periodo de tiempo. En conclusión, se identificó que las estrategias para afrontar el duelo en pareja varían conforme avanza el tiempo de la finalización del vínculo.

Abstract Grieving duel to the end of a relationship can be an experience that generates different effects and, to deal with it, people use various coping resources. The present study sought to identify the different coping strategies used by bereaved couples in general and according to the time the relationship ended. This research with a quantitative approach, non-experimental and cross-sectional descriptive scope, was carried out with 172 subjects chosen in a convenience sample. The results showed that the strategies that were least used were the search for problem solutions and positive reappraisal and the most used were the search for social support, waiting, religion, emotional avoidance, professional support, aggressive reaction, cognitive avoidance and the expression of coping difficulty. At the time of the end of the relationship, greater use of emotional avoidance, aggressive reaction, cognitive avoidance and professional support was found in those with 6 months of grief and less use of positive reappraisal, search for social support, solution of problems, denial, expression of coping difficulty and autonomy in this period of time. In conclusion, it was identified that the strategies for coping with grief as a couple vary as the time of the end of the relationship progresses.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio consistió en explicar en qué medida la resiliencia y las estrategias de afrontamiento influyeron en la salud mental positiva de jóvenes mexicanos universitarios que vivieron la pandemia de COVID-19. La muestra se conformó por 1042 universitarios mexicanos de 18 a 24 años de edad (M = 20.5 DS = 1.9). El 78.4 % son mujeres (817). Se aplicaron en formato online los instrumentos: Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, Escala de Resiliencia, Escala de Afrontamiento y Escala de miedo al COVID-19. Se obtuvo un modelo con índices de bondad de ajuste satisfactorios (X 2 = 532.913, df = 114, X 2 /df = 4.6, SRMR = .053, RMSEA = .059, CFI = .927, p = .001), en el cual la resiliencia y el afrontamiento funcional son factores importantes que influyen en SMP, por lo que son variables que deben considerarse en los programas de intervención psicológica para la promoción de la salud de los jóvenes universitarios.

Abstract The objective of this study was to explain to what extent resilience and coping strategies influenced the positive mental health of young Mexican university students who have experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was made up of 1.042 Mexican university students between 18 and 24 years of age (M = 20.5 SD = 1.9). 78.4% are women (817). The instruments: Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, Resilience Scale, Coping Scale and Fear of COVID-19 Scale were applied in online format. A model was obtained with satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices (X2 = 532.913, df = 114), resilience and functional coping are important factors that influence SMP, so they are variables that should be considered in psychological intervention programs to promote the health of university students.

Resumen La investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender las experiencias alrededor de la sexualidad desde la teoría de los holones en un grupo de mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer ginecológico en la ciudad de Pereira, Colombia. Se implementó un diseño cualitativo y fenomenológico, con la participación de seis mujeres entre 30 y 60 años, a quienes se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas explorando los holones de reproductividad, género, erotismo y vinculación afectiva interpersonal. Las entrevistas fueron transcritas y analizadas de forma manual, mediante codificación abierta y axial para identificar categorías emergentes. En los discursos de las mujeres se evidenciaron elementos relacionados a los holones de la sexualidad. En el holón de reproductividad, se encontró una resignificación del rol reproductivo como madres; en el holón de género, se presentaron actitudes positivas hacia el cuerpo y amenazas a la identidad de género por causa de los cambios provocados por la enfermedad; en el holón de erotismo, las mujeres relataron experiencias sexuales marcadas por el dolor y el apoyo erótico de la pareja; y en el holón de vinculación afectiva interpersonal, se evidenciaron situaciones de estabilidad conyugal, separación temporal con la pareja y sostenimiento de vínculos abusivos durante el proceso de tratamiento oncológico. Estos hallazgos muestran una amplia reconfiguración integral de la sexualidad femenina en cada uno de los holones y realizan un aporte significativo a la comprensión de las subjetividades de las mujeres en el proceso de afrontar el cáncer ginecológico. Se recomienda realizar nuevas investigaciones con mayor cantidad de participantes y en otras regiones de Colombia.

Abstract The research aimed to understand the experiences around sexuality, from the holon theory, in a group of women diagnosed with gynecological cancer from Pereira, Colombia. A qualitative and phenomenological design was carried out, with the participation of six women between 30 and 60 years of age, to whom semi-structured interviews were applied, exploring the holons of reproductivity, gender, eroticism and interpersonal affective bonding. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed manually, using open and axial coding to identify emerging categories. In the women's discourses, elements related to the holons of sexuality were evident. In the holon of reproductivity, a resignification of the reproductive role as mothers was found; in the holon of gender, positive attitudes towards their bodies and threats to gender identity due to the changes caused by the disease were presented; in the holon of eroticism, women reported sexual experiences characterized by pain and erotic support from their partners; and in the holon of affective interpersonal bonding, they reported situations of marital stability, temporary separation from their partners and abusive ties during the process of cancer treatment. These findings show a comprehensive reconfiguration of female sexuality in each of the holons and make a significant contribution to the understanding of women's subjectivities in the process of coping with gynecological cancer. Further research with a larger number of participants and in other regions of Colombia is recommended.

Abstract The objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between academic stress and self-concept, to compare both variables according to gender, and to identify the predictive capacity of self-concept factors in the levels of academic stress in university students. The results confirmed a negative association between academic stress and self-concept and significant differences between men and women. Additionally, a multiple linear regression analysis differentiated by sex was performed. In the case of women, the model was constituted by the emotional, academic-work, social, family and physical factors of self-concept; in the case of men, only the emotional and academic-work dimensions were integrated. It is concluded that the self-concept contributes to the prediction of the behavior of academic stress in higher education students. For these reasons, it is convenient to promote activities for students in university institutions that improve their perception of themselves.

Resumen Los objetivos centrales de la indagatoria fueron analizar la asociación entre el estrés académico y el autoconcepto, comparar dichos fenómenos psicológicos entre géneros e identificar el poder predictivo de los factores del autoconcepto en los índices de estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados confirmaron una asociación negativa entre las variables abordadas y diferencias hombres y mujeres. Adicionalmente, se realizaron dos análisis de regresión lineal múltiple para cado uno de los géneros. En mujeres, los factores emocional, académico-laboral, social, familiar y físico del autoconcepto aportaron a la explicación del estrés académico; en el de los hombres, solo se integraron las dimensiones emocional y académico-laboral. Se concluye que el autoconcepto aporta a la predicción del comportamiento del estrés académico en estudiantes de educación superior. Por tales razones, resulta conveniente suscitar en las instituciones universitarias, actividades tendientes a la mejora de la percepción de sí mismos por parte de los jóvenes.

Abstract: This study had the general objective of verifying the relationship between burnout syndrome, social skills, coping strategies, and socio-occupational variables in a sample of 166 elementary school teachers from 13 public schools of Minas Gerais, Brazil, aged between 23 and 65 years, 73 % of whom were female. The Burnout Syndrome Inventory (ISB), the Social Skills Inventory 2 (IHS-2), the Coping Strategies Inventory (IEC), and a socio-occupational questionnaire developed especially for this research were used. A negative correlation was obtained between burnout and repertoire of social skills (r = -.273 and p < .001). The coping strategies that positively correlated with social skills were seeking social support, problem solving, and positive reappraisal. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between coping and professional fulfillment, indicating that teachers who adopted coping strategies were more likely to feel professionally satisfied. The burnout predictor variables were age, marital status, family provision, number of children, length of service, ongoing health care and social resourcefulness. The implications of these results were discussed concerning protective actions for the mental health of teachers and the importance of socio-emotional development in schools.

Resumen: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo general verificar la relación entre el síndrome de burnout, las habilidades sociales, el afrontamiento y las variables sociolaborales en una muestra de 166 profesores de educación básica de 13 escuelas públicas del interior de Minas Gerais, Brasil, con edades entre 23 y 65 años, el 73 % de los cuales son mujeres. Se utilizó el Inventario de Síndrome de Burnout (ISB), el Inventario de Habilidades Sociales 2 (IHS-2), el Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento (IEC) y un cuestionario sociolaboral desarrollado especialmente para esta investigación. Se obtuvo una correlación negativa entre el burnout y el repertorio de habilidades sociales (r = -.273 y p = .001). Las estrategias de afrontamiento que se correlacionaron positivamente con las habilidades sociales fueron: búsqueda de apoyo social, resolución de problemas y reevaluación positiva. Además, hubo una correlación positiva entre el afrontamiento y la realización profesional, lo que indica que los profesores que adoptaron estrategias de afrontamiento tenían más probabilidades de sentirse realizados profesionalmente. Las variables predictoras del agotamiento fueron la edad, el estado civil, la provisión familiar, el número de hijos, el tiempo de servicio, la atención médica continua y la desenvoltura social. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados respecto de las acciones protectoras para la salud mental de los docentes y la relevancia del desarrollo socioemocional en las escuelas.

Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo geral verificar a relação entre síndrome de burnout, habilidades sociais, coping e variáveis sócio-ocupacionais em uma amostra de 166 professores do ensino fundamental de 13 escolas públicas do interior de Minas Gerais, Brasil, com idades entre 23 e 65 anos, sendo 73 % do sexo feminino. Foram utilizados o Inventário da Síndrome de Burnout (ISB), o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais 2 (IHS-2), o Inventário de Estratégias de Coping (IEC) e um questionário sócio-ocupacional desenvolvido especialmente para esta pesquisa. Obteve-se correlação negativa entre o burnout e o repertório de habilidades sociais (r = -0,273 e p < 0,01). As estratégias de coping que se correlacionaram positivamente com as habilidades sociais foram: busca de suporte social, resolução de problemas e reavaliação positiva. Ademais, houve correlação positiva entre coping e realização profissional, indicando que professores que adotaram estratégias de enfrentamento apresentaram maior tendência a sentirem-se realizados profissionalmente. As variáveis preditoras do burnout foram idade, estado civil, provimento familiar, número de filhos, tempo de serviço, tratamento contínuo de saúde e desenvoltura social. Discutiu-se a implicação desses resultados no tocante às ações protetivas de saúde mental docente e quanto à relevância do desenvolvimento socioemocional nas escolas.

Abstract Introduction/objective: In this cross-sectional study, the connections between indicators of subjective happiness, hope, and resilience were investigated in 591 adult Paraguayans (average age 37.7 years; SD = 11.35) during the COVID-19 post-pandemic period, using network analysis for the first time. Method: The indicators of subjective happiness, hope, and resilience were assessed using the Subjective Happiness Scale, the Adult Hope Scale, and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, respectively. Result: The results indicated that “Enjoy life in spite of it all,” “Pursuing goals,” and “Coping with stress” were the most central indicators of the resilience, hope, and subjective happiness network. While stronger conditional relationships were observed between indicators of the same network variable, potential bridge indicators were also noted that could link resilience, hope, and subjective happiness, such as “I am a strong person,” “Enjoy life in spite of it all,” “Pursuing goals,” and “I have been successful in life.” Conclusions: The results suggest that timely and multilevel interventions targeted at central and bridge indicators can help promote positive emotions that impact mental health.

Resumen Introducción/objetivo: En este estudio transversal se investigaron las conexiones entre los indicadores de felicidad subjetiva, esperanza y resiliencia en 591 paraguayos adultos (edad promedio 37.7 años; DE = 11.35) en el período pospandemia del COVID-19 utilizando análisis de redes por primera vez. Método: Los indicadores de felicidad subjetiva, esperanza y resiliencia se evaluaron utilizando la Escala de Felicidad Subjetiva, la Escala de Esperanza del Adulto y la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor-Davidson de 10 ítems, respectivamente. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que “Disfrutar la vida a pesar de todo”, “Perseguir metas” y “Afrontar el estrés” fueron los indicadores más centrales de la red de resiliencia, esperanza y felicidad subjetiva. Si bien se observaron relaciones condicionales más fuertes entre indicadores de la misma variable de red, también se observaron posibles indicadores puente que podrían vincular la resiliencia, la esperanza y la felicidad subjetiva, como “Soy una persona fuerte”, “Disfruta la vida a pesar de todo”, “Persiguiendo metas” y “He tenido éxito en la vida”. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que las intervenciones oportunas y multinivel dirigidas a indicadores centrales y puente pueden ayudar a promover emociones positivas que impacten la salud mental.

For a long period of time, what is termed scientific knowledge and discoveries have constantly ignored the existence of indigenous practices and knowledge. Until recently, indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) were not acknowledged when it comes to responding to the ailing world. IKS includes information created inside inborn social orders, autonomous of, and earlier to, the appearance of the cutting-edge logical information framework. It can relate to issues such as conserving nature, food production, forestry development and medicine, to mention a few. The purpose of the article is to discuss the importance of the integration of IKS and culture into climate change adaptation. This article makes the case that scientific interventions among the impoverished in rural developing nations are viewed as foreign and are thus not accepted by the local populace. Consequently, the scientific approach by development experts, and the complex nature of climate change and its understanding, has had no impact on people's adaptation in rural areas, where most of the people still rely on IKS to survive. This theoretical article focuses on the implications of IKS for climate change adaptation. The question the article intends to answer is, with the advent of climate change in recent years, how are rural communities coping with its impact? How is the scientific understanding of climate change with its complexities filtering down to the indigenous communities' coping and adaptation activities? The article's conclusion demystifies the notion that the impact of climate change might be mitigated, and repair achieved solely by scientifically developed measures against it. The article intends to contribute towards building knowledge that acknowledges the importance of different sources of interventions towards addressing climate change. It is important for the current and future professoriate to look beyond the conventional understanding of dealing with challenges such as climate change that the world is facing.

This work aims to investigate the experiences of Black female undergraduate students at the University of São Paulo (USP) to understand the challenges, achievements, and coping mechanisms related to their integration and persistence in the university. It highlights how their experiences of exclusion and belonging are shaped by the intersection of race, gender, and class. Through interviews conducted with Black female undergraduate students at USP, I seek to understand the adversities these students face in the academic environment, how they navigate these challenges, and how these experiences intersect with other dimensions of their lives, subjectivities, and identities. On one hand, I explore how experiences of racial discrimination, sexism, and other forms of inequality are perceived in their trajectories. On the other hand, I reflect on how participation in identity-based collectives and student organizations influences the construction of the identity and subjectivity of Black women at the university. Additionally, I examine the emotional impact of marginalization and how support networks and representation contribute to the resilience and retention of these students, elucidating the dynamics that influence their academic and personal lives.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as experiências de alunas de graduação negras da Universidade de São Paulo, a fim de compreender os desafios, conquistas e mecanismos de enfrentamento relacionados à sua inserção e permanência na universidade, destacando como suas experiências de exclusão e pertencimento são moldadas pela interseção de raça, gênero e classe. Através de entrevistas realizadas com alunas negras de graduação da USP, procuro entender por quais adversidades as estudantes negras passam no ambiente acadêmico, os modos pelos quais lidam com essas experiências e como elas se articulam com as outras dimensões de suas vidas, com as suas subjetividades e identidades. Exploro, por um lado, como as vivências de discriminação racial, machismo e outras formas de desigualdade são percebidos em suas trajetórias e, por outro, reflito em que medida participação em coletivos identitários e organizações estudantis afetam a construção da identidade e subjetividade das mulheres negras na universidade. Além disso, examino o impacto emocional da marginalização e como as redes de apoio e a representatividade contribuem para a resistência e permanência dessas estudantes, elucidando as dinâmicas que influenciam suas vidas acadêmicas e pessoais.

BACKGROUND: Limited research exists on medical students' coping and adjustment skills, especially in the South African context. Stakeholders planning medical curricula need to be aware of emotional and communication skills that allow students to cope and adjust to stress associated with transitioning to medical studies OBJECTIVE: To design a support framework to facilitate first-year undergraduate medical students' social learning and integration skills METHODS: This descriptive qualitative case study used multiple data collection methods, nominal group meetings and Delphi questionnaires to explore and understand undergraduate medical students' challenges with social learning and integration factors. These insights were then used to develop the support framework RESULTS: The support framework articulates levels of engagement and actions required to address social learning and integrated factors, namely under-preparedness, peer support, confidence, self-management, alienation and academic advice CONCLUSION: Implementing the proposed support framework on social learning and integration could facilitate the successful transition of first-year undergraduate medical students from high school to university. This framework aids students in dealing with social learning and integrated factors, such as under-preparedness, peer support, confidence, self-management and alienation as well as academic advice using contextualised and appropriate skills and tools

Resumen Los estudiantes universitarios comúnmente se ven sometidos a situaciones estresantes que repercuten directa e indirectamente en el desarrollo de conductas saludables. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia del estrés académico sobre la conducta de salud en los estudiantes de un centro universitario de Lima Metropolitana. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, cuantitativo y correlacional, en donde se aplicó el Cuestionario de Conductas de Salud en Jóvenes Universitarios (CEV-JU) y el Inventario SISCO-21 de estrés académico, a 708 estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron que los síntomas de estrés, las estrategias de afrontamiento y los estresores se asociaron significativamente con la conducta de salud a nivel general y algunas dimensiones. Asimismo, se halló que los predictores de los resultados más significativos de la conducta de salud fueron las estrategias de afrontamiento y las dimensiones de síntomas. Esto muestra la importancia de diseñar y aplicar programas e intervenciones dirigidas a gestionar adecuadamente el estrés para fomentar hábitos saludables en los universitarios.

Abstract University students are commonly subjected to stressful situations that have a direct and indirect impact on the development of healthy behaviors. This research aims to determine the influence of academic stress on health behavior in students at a university center in Metropolitan Lima. A non-experimental, quantitative and correlational study was carried out, where the Health Behavior Questionnaire in Young University Students (CEV-JU) and the SISCO-21 Inventory of academic stress were applied to 708 students. The results showed that stress symptoms, coping strategies and stressors were significantly associated with health behavior at a general level and some dimensions. Likewise, it was found that the predictors of the most significant health behavior outcomes were coping strategies and symptom dimensions. This shows the importance of designing and applying programs and interventions aimed at adequately managing stress to promote healthy habits in university students.

Resumen Los efectos del estrés laboral están asociados con las horas de trabajo y las actividades mentales, como pensar y tomar decisiones, necesarias para la preparación y cualificación de tareas. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la carga mental percibida en dos instituciones educativas con similitudes socioeconómicas, geográfica y planes educativos similares de la ciudad de Ibagué en el departamento del Tolima, Colombia. Se optó por una metodología cuantitativa no experimental de tipo transversal descriptivo, utilizando el NASA TLX para medir la carga mental, sometiendo los datos a un análisis estadístico no paramétrico de varianzas ANOVA de Kruskal-Wallis y la prueba DSCF para comparaciones post hoc. Los resultados revelaron que las diferencias en la carga de trabajo percibida están más relacionadas con el contexto institucional que con factores individuales como la edad, el género o la asignación académica que imparten los docentes. Esto sugiere que las características internas de las instituciones educativas y las habilidades de afrontamiento utilizadas por los docentes son cruciales para comprender y gestionar adecuadamente la carga mental percibida. Estos hallazgos enmarcan la importancia de adaptar las estrategias de gestión de la carga mental a las particularidades de cada institución educativa para mejorar la calidad de vida laboral de los profesionales y, en última instancia, la calidad de la educación que ofrecen.

Abstract The effects of work stress are associated with work hours and mental activities, such as thinking and decision making, necessary for the preparation and qualification of tasks. The objective of the study was to analyze the perceived mental load in two educational institutions with socioeconomic and geographic similarities and similar educational plans in the city of Ibagué in the department of Tolima, Colombia. A descriptive cross-sectional non-experimental quantitative methodology was chosen, using the NASA TLX to measure mental load, subjecting the data to a non-parametric statistical analysis of variances ANOVA by Kruskal-Wallis and the DSCF test for post hoc comparisons. The results revealed that differences in perceived workload are more related to the institutional context than to individual factors such as age, gender, or the academic assignment taught by teachers. This suggests that the internal characteristics of educational institutions and the coping skills used by teachers are crucial to adequately understand and manage perceived mental load. These findings frame the importance of adapting mental load management strategies to the particularities of each educational institution to improve the quality of work life of professionals and, ultimately, the quality of the education they offer.

Abstract Self-injurious behaviours in adolescents can impede the free development of their person, and are a potentiator of suicidal ideation and behaviour. They are classified as violence towards oneself. The aim of the present study is to identify the factors that contribute to the emergence of these self-harming (self-destructive) behaviours; they stand out as a way in which some adolescents express their emotional pain or seek relief. In this study, and based on a qualitative approach with an exploratory design, the aim is to identify aspects of the subject. The research setting was virtual, and was used to collect data from a structured questionnaire in which predisposing factors such as family dynamics, social relationships, negative thoughts, coping, as well as social and professional support received are addressed. The population consisted of adolescents 18-20 years of age. After exploring self-injurious behaviours in late adolescents, psychological and social factors that contribute to these behaviours are highlighted, such as family dynamics, interpersonal relationships, situations of violence, thoughts about past experiences. It is important to mention that adolescence is a phase in which individuals face challenges of autonomy and identity, and thus the importance of overcoming this stage. Likewise, there are obstacles that prevent the full development of potential, and sometimes adolescents may engage in self-injurious behaviour in order to express through the body what they find difficult to express in other ways.

Resumo Os comportamentos autolesivos em adolescentes podem impedir o livre desenvolvimento de sua pessoa e são potencializadores de ideação e comportamento suicida. Eles são classificados como violência contra si mesmo. O objetivo do presente estudo é identificar os fatores que contribuem para o surgimento desses comportamentos autolesivos (autodestrutivos), os quais se destacam como uma maneira pela qual alguns adolescentes expressam sua dor emocional ou buscam alívio. Neste estudo, baseado em uma abordagem qualitativa, com um desenho exploratório, pretende-se identificar aspectos próprios do tema. O ambiente de pesquisa foi virtual e foi utilizado para coletar dados de um questionário estruturado no qual são abordados fatores predisponentes como dinâmica familiar, relações sociais, pensamentos negativos, enfrentamento, bem como apoio social e profissional recebido. A população era composta de adolescentes de 18 a 20 anos. Depois de explorar os comportamentos autolesivos em adolescentes tardios, são destacados os fatores psicológicos e sociais que contribuem para esses comportamentos, como a dinâmica familiar, as relações interpessoais, as situações de violência e os pensamentos sobre experiências passadas. É importante mencionar que a adolescência é uma fase em que os indivíduos enfrentam desafios de autonomia e identidade e, portanto, a importância de superar essa fase. Da mesma forma, há obstáculos que impedem o pleno desenvolvimento do potencial e, às vezes, os adolescentes podem se envolver em comportamentos autolesivos para expressar, por meio do corpo, o que acham difícil expressar de outras formas.

Resumen Las conductas autolesivas en adolescentes llegan a impedir el libre desarrollo de su persona, y son potenciadoras de ideaciones y conductas relacionadas con el suicidio. Son clasificadas como violencia hacia uno mismo. El objetivo del presente estudio es identificar los factores que contribuyen a la aparición de estas conductas autolesivas (autodestructivas); estas se destacan por ser una forma en la que algunos adolescentes expresan su dolor emocional o buscan alivio. En el presente estudio, y a partir del enfoque cualitativo con diseño exploratorio, se pretende identificar aspectos propios del tema. El escenario de investigación fue virtual, y se utilizó para recopilar datos a partir de un cuestionario estructurado en el que se abordan factores predisponentes como dinámicas familiares, relaciones sociales, pensamientos negativos, afrontamiento; así como el apoyo social y profesional recibido. La población está conformada por adolescentes de 18 a 20 años. Luego de explorar las conductas autolesivas en adolescentes en la etapa tardía, se destacan factores psicológicos y sociales que contribuyen a estas conductas, tales como dinámica familiar, relaciones interpersonales, situaciones de violencia, pensamientos sobre experiencias pasadas. Es importante mencionar que la adolescencia es una fase en la que los individuos enfrentan desafíos de autonomía e identidad, y por ello la importancia de superar la etapa. Así mismo, hay obstáculos que impiden el desarrollo pleno del potencial, y en ocasiones el adolescente puede tener comportamientos autolesivos para expresar mediante el cuerpo lo que se le dificulta difícil expresar por otras vías.

RESUMO Artigo crítico-reflexivo, à luz da Determinação Social do processo saúde/doença, que objetivou articular as concepções e as abordagens da vigilância em saúde à problematização das questões complexas de saúde que exigem a produção de cuidado articulado à territorialidade, à intersetorialidade e à interseccionalidade, além de concatenado à prática assistencial na Atenção Primária à Saúde, em contexto global de intensas e incertas mudanças climáticas. Para alcançar o objetivo, realizou-se um ensaio teórico no qual se desenvolveram argumentos teórico-analíticos caracterizados por articular pesquisas empíricas em relação ao tema da necessidade de construção de assistência e vigilância em saúde territorialmente articuladas e coletivamente construídas no contexto das mudanças climáticas. Para tanto, este manuscrito se organiza em três itens: 1) problematizar a ‘Determinação Social da Saúde e o enfrentamento dos agravos de relevância epidemiológica’; 2) debater as ‘mudanças climáticas e os desafios persistentes e o enfrentamento dos agravos infectocontagiosas no Brasil’; 3) apresentar ‘Estratégias participativas e construção de abordagens democráticas na assistência e na vigilância em saúde’. A Vigilância Popular em Saúde tem sido caracterizada como prática democrática que articula ações de vigilância concatenadas às realidades territoriais, definindo-se como experiência que tem apontado novos horizontes para uma prática territorialmente articulada e coletivamente construída. críticoreflexivo, críticoreflexivo crítico reflexivo, reflexivo crítico-reflexivo saúdedoença doença saúde/doença territorialidade interseccionalidade objetivo realizouse realizou teóricoanalíticos analíticos tanto itens 1 epidemiológica epidemiológica’ 2 Brasil Brasil’ 3 Estratégias saúde. . saúde’ territoriais definindose definindo construída

ABSTRACT This critical-reflexive article, in light of the Social Determination of the health/disease process, aims to articulate the conceptions and approaches of health surveillance to problematize complex health issues that require the production of care articulated to territoriality, intersectorality and intersectionality, in addition to being linked to care practice in Primary Health Care, in a global context of intense and uncertain climate change. The methodological path outlined to achieve the objective was to carry out a theoretical essay, in which theoretical-analytical arguments were developed, characterized by articulating empirical research in relation to the theme of the need to build territorially articulated and collectively constructed health care and surveillance in the context of climate change. To this end, this manuscript is organized into three items: 1) problematize the ‘Social Determination of Health and coping with diseases of epidemiological relevance’; 2) discuss ‘climate change and persistent challenges and combating infectious diseases in Brazil’; 3) present ‘Participatory strategies and construction of democratic approaches in health care and surveillance’. Popular Health Surveillance has been characterized as a democratic practice that articulates surveillance actions linked to territorial realities, characterizing itself as an experience that has pointed out new horizons for a territorially articulated and collectively constructed practice. criticalreflexive critical reflexive article healthdisease disease process territoriality intersectionality Care essay theoreticalanalytical analytical developed end items 1 relevance relevance’ 2 Brazil Brazil’ 3 Participatory surveillance. . surveillance’ realities