Resumen: Esta investigación analiza la relación entre comportamiento de consumo sostenible con la percepción, las prácticas y los atributos percibidos en los productos y los fabricantes en torno al consumo responsable en la generación Z. Para esto se hizo un estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo. Se aplicó una encuesta en formato digital a 903 adultos nacidos a partir de 1995 en la ciudad de Bogotá. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio para identificar si las variables se agrupan en los constructos propuestos, seguido se realizó un modelo causal a partir de un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales, con la metodología de bootstraping con el fin de validar las hipótesis propuestas. Los resultados comprueban la existencia de los factores propuestos y se identificó que los hábitos de consumo responsable, la actitud hacia el consumo responsable y los atributos del producto inciden en el comportamiento de consumo sostenible, sin embargo, los atributos percibidos del fabricante no tienen una relación directa con este, aunque cuando los atributos del fabricante son mediados por los atributos del producto existe incidencia. Estos hallazgos aportan al conocimiento científico ya que la literatura actual no ha analizado la relación entre el fabricante con producción responsable y los atributos de productos de consumo responsable percibidos por el consumidor. Por tal razón, los fabricantes deben mejorar sus esfuerzos en comunicar y llevar al mercado productos amigables con el medio ambiente.

Abstract: This research analyzes the relationship between sustainable consumption behavior with perception, practices and perceived attributes in products and manufacturers around responsible consumption in generation Z. For this a descriptive study was made, quantitatively. A digital survey was carried out on 903 adults born in Bogotá since 1995. The statistical analysis was performed using a confirmatory factor analysis to identify if the variables are grouped in the proposed constructs, followed by a causal model based on an analysis of structural equations, with the bootstraping methodology in order to validate the proposed hypotheses. The results prove the existence of the proposed factors and it was identified that responsible consumption habits, attitude towards responsible consumption and product attributes affect sustainable consumption behavior, However, the perceived attributes of the manufacturer do not have a direct relationship with it, although when the attributes of the manufacturer are mediated by the attributes of the product there is incidence. These findings contribute to scientific knowledge since the current literature has not analyzed the relationship between the manufacturer with responsible production and the attributes of responsible consumer products perceived by the consumer. For this reason, manufacturers must improve their efforts to communicate and bring environmentally friendly products to market.

Abstract A route is proposed that begins with obtaining raw materials, but does not end in the finished product, but rather diversifies into many other linked routes, each one aimed at distributing, showing, promoting, advertising; that is to say, to allow the arrival to each one of the possible consumers, offering them much more than the product itself. Since its origins, fashion proposes and produces behaviors and changes in societies. In many cases, these changes have been maintained permanently, although the fashion that prompted them disappeared. In any case, it can be said that fashion, as an ephemeral social phenomenon, does not completely disappear, but rather produces a permanent mark; a trail that can be traversed, a trail that functions as a witness and allows to identify patterns, to evaluate and propose actions in order to minimize and decelerate the impact of large-scale production of fashion items, create new habits and sustain them in the weather.

Resumen Se propone un recorrido que comienza con la obtención de las materias primas, pero que no finaliza en el producto terminado, sino que se diversifica en muchas otras rutas vinculadas, cada una de ellas orientadas a distribuir, mostrar, promocionar, publicitar; es decir, permitir la llegada a cada uno de los posibles consumidores, ofreciéndoles mucho más que el producto en sí. Desde sus orígenes, la moda propone y produce conductas y cambios en las sociedades, en muchos casos, dichos cambios, han logrado mantenerse de forma permanente, aunque la moda que los impulsó desapareciera. De todos modos, se puede afirmar que la moda, como fenómeno social efímero, no desaparece completamente, sino que produce una huella permanente; un rastro que se puede recorrer, un rastro que funciona como testigo y permite identificar patrones, para evaluar y proponer acciones con el fin de minimizar y desacelerar el impacto de la producción de artículos de moda a gran escala, crear nuevos hábitos y sostenerlos en el tiempo.

Resumo Propõe-se um percurso que começa na obtenção da matéria-prima, mas não termina no produto acabado, mas se diversifica em muitos outros percursos interligados, cada um destinado a distribuir, mostrar, promover, anunciar; ou seja, permitir a chegada a cada um dos possíveis consumidores, oferecendo-lhes muito mais do que o próprio produto. Desde as suas origens, a moda propõe e produz comportamentos e mudanças nas sociedades, que em muitos casos se mantiveram permanentemente, embora a moda que as motivou tenha desaparecido. Em todo caso, pode-se dizer que a moda, como fenômeno social efêmero, não desaparece completamente, antes produz uma marca permanente; uma trilha que pode ser percorrida, uma trilha que funciona como testemunho e permite identificar padrões, avaliar e propor ações no sentido de minimizar e desacelerar o impacto da produção em larga escala de itens de moda, criar novos hábitos e sustentá-los no clima.

Resumo: Com o objetivo de analisar a demanda por produtos lácteos de origem caprina e ovina foi realizada uma regressão logística binária para verificar o impacto de atributos descritos no rótulo dos produtos, características sociodemográficas e hábitos de consumo de lácteos sobre a disposição a pagar de consumidores do estado de Goiás e do Distrito Federal. A porcentagem de consumidores que já compraram produtos lácteos de origem caprina (42,7%) foi superior aos que já compraram os de origem ovina (24,8%). A intenção de compra de lácteos de cabra (55,9%) também foi maior do que a de lácteos de ovelha (48,5%). No entanto, as porcentagens de pessoas dispostas a pagar um preço prêmio nos produtos lácteos de cabra (48,2%) e ovelha (48,7%) foram semelhantes. Entre as diferentes categorias de produtos lácteos analisadas, os iogurtes foram os que apresentaram maior disposição a pagar em relação ao preço referência, 16% a mais para o de origem caprina e 21% a mais para o de origem ovina. Houve impacto significativo da cidade, idade e escolaridade dos consumidores sobre suas disposições a pagar.

Abstract: To analyze the demand for dairy products of goat and sheep origin, a binary logistic regression was performed to verify the impact of label attributes, sociodemographic characteristics and habits of dairy consumption on the consumers’ willingness to pay in the Brazilian states of Goiás and Federal District. The percentage of consumers who have already purchased dairy products of goat origin (42.7%) was higher than those who had already bought sheep origin (24.8%). The intention to purchase goat dairy (55.9%) was also higher than sheep dairy (48.5%). However, the percentages of people willing to pay a premium price on goat (48.2%) and sheep (48.7%) dairy products were similar. Among the different analyzed categories of dairy products, yogurts were the ones with the highest willingness to pay compared to the reference price, 16% more for the goat origin and 21% more for sheep origin. There was a significant impact of the city, age and consumer education on the willingness to pay.

The article aims to argue that the pandemic caused by COVID-19 strengthened religious faith. This objective is argued from the perspective of advanced economies studies. In the post epidemic era people's lifestyle and shopping habits have undergone tremendous changes due to the development of the Internet economy. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, research pointed towards an alleviating effect of Internet usage for religious purposes. This study explores the impact of Internet economy on consumers' psychology and behavior in the post epidemic era, and analyses the factors that affect consumers' purchase intention. The research has certain guiding significance for the development of Internet economy, the relief of residents' psychological pressure and the solution of psychological problems in the post epidemic era. Consumers in the Liaoning province were interviewed by means of questionnaires through group chat links and website advertisements. Consumption information and data were gathered from 15 March 2020 to 15 March 2021. After collecting the questionnaires, 500 effective questionnaires were selected. Questionnaire data were analysed by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and the influencing factors of consumers' purchasing psychology were judged by self-rating depression scale (SDS). The overall psychological status of consumers was evaluated by SCL-90. The software SPSS® 18.0 was used to analyse the data collected from the questionnaire. The corresponding strategies for the development of Internet economy are proposed according to the analysis results. The results of data analysis show that appropriate Internet economic consumption can alleviate the negative emotions and psychological pressure of consumers due to long-term home isolation. CONTRIBUTION: This study demonstrates that appropriate Internet economic consumption can alleviate the negative emotions and psychological pressure of consumers due to long-term home isolation. The research outcome can be utilised by scholars in the field of the psychology of religion, sociology of religion and pastoral care focusing on trauma caused be the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) are natural compounds extracted from plants that exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. and therefore attract interest as additives in the food industry. especially food for special populations. In the case of children diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy. another factor has to be considered. such as the consistency of food. This study evaluated consumer acceptability of infant food with oregano essential oil by children diagnosed with cerebral palsy and a questionnaire was applied to assess consumption habits and profile of the studied population. Samples were evaluated according to odor. flavor. color. and texture acceptability. Consumers were divided by days. with 35 children each day per sample (CONT without essential oil and EO with different concentration of oregano essential oil). Total number of children was 103. In relation to acceptability of color. odor and flavor of the CONT and EO-0.01% received higher grades. the infant food with 0.05% oregano essential oil showed lower scores compared with the other treatments. However. in relation to acceptability. all samples received satisfactory scores. In relation to texture. differences were not observed. The use of oregano essential oil could be an alternative for the development of an infant food.

Abstract The accelerated urbanization and technological development of the 1960s implemented the era of mass communication in Brazil, characterized by the emergence of new consumption habits of material and symbolic goods. The magazine Intervalo (1963-1972) is an important example, as a communication device of an enthusiastic television vehicle, responsible for developing editorial strategies that created bonds with readers and influenced the formation of the television audience. This article intends, through Cultural Studies, to present and analyze such strategies and to understand what the agencies on the part of the magazine for the construction of a television ambiance are, as well as the dissemination of standards of values, behaviors, and social characteristics that, together, represent the memory of Brazilian television and the TV consumer society.

Resumen La urbanización acelerada y el desarrollo tecnológico de los años 1960 implementan la era de la comunicación de masas en Brasil, caracterizada por el surgimiento de nuevos hábitos de consumo de bienes materiales y simbólicos. La revista Intervalo (1963-1972) es un importante ejemplo, como dispositivo comunicacional, de un vehículo entusiasta con relación a la televisión, responsable por elaborar estrategias editoriales que crearon vínculos con los lectores e influenciaron en la formación de la audiencia televisiva. Este artículo pretende presentar y analizar tales estrategias y comprender cuáles son los agenciamientos por parte de la revista para la construcción de una ambiente televisivo, así como la diseminación de patrones de valores, comportamientos y características sociales que, juntos, representan la memoria de la televisión brasileña y de la sociedad consumidora de TV.

Resumo A urbanização acelerada e o desenvolvimento tecnológico dos anos 1960 implementaram a era da comunicação de massas no Brasil, caracterizada pelo surgimento de novos hábitos de consumo de bens materiais e simbólicos. A revista Intervalo (1963-1972) é um importante exemplo, enquanto dispositivo comunicacional, de um veículo entusiasta com relação à televisão, pois foi responsável por elaborar estratégias editoriais que criaram vínculos com os leitores e influenciaram na formação da audiência televisiva. Este artigo pretende apresentar e analisar tais estratégias e compreender quais são os agenciamentos por parte da revista para a construção de uma ambiência televisiva, bem como a disseminação de padrões de valores, comportamentos e características sociais que, juntos, representam a memória da televisão brasileira e da sociedade consumidora de TV.

Abstract Introduction: Dietary supplement use is continuously increasing in the world and it seems to be more common among women. Data on supplement habits of women in Turkey are still limited. The purpose of this study is to determine dietary supplement use and to evaluate associated factors in Turkish women in the pre-COVID-19 period. Methodology: A total of 727 Turkish women (33.4[10.3] years; 25.9[4.57] kg/m2; 162.9[6.81] cm) participated in this cross-sectional study. After piloting, the participants completed a six-part questionnaire form that was administered either face-to-face or over the phone by a trained dietitian. The questionnaire intended to collect data about demographic characteristics, use of dietary supplements and factors influencing supplement choices such as eating habits, physical activity and lifestyle habits. Results: A total of 307 participants (42.2%) used at least one dietary supplement within the previous year. The most commonly used was iron (30.6%) followed by vitamin D (30.6%), vitamin B12 (26.7%), multivitamins (18.2%), and calcium (11.4%). Supplement use decreased with higher physical activity (p=0.002). Furthermore, it was significantly higher among women who consume meals at regular times (p=0.001) and those that avoid fast food consumption (p=0.014). However, the use of dietary supplements was not associated with lower BMI, older age or higher academic level (p>0.05). Conclusions: More than 40% of women were reported using dietary supplements. The use of supplements was not associated with lower BMI, higher physical activity, older age, higher academic level smoking or drinking. Turkish women seem to show a different consumer profile from typical dietary supplement users.

Resumen Introducción: El uso de suplementos dietéticos aumenta continuamente en el mundo y parece ser más común entre las mujeres. Los datos sobre los hábitos de suplementación de las mujeres en Turquía aún son limitados. El propósito de este estudio es determinar el uso de suplementos dietéticos y evaluar los factores que influyen en las mujeres turcas en el período anterior COVID-19. Metodología: Un total de 727 mujeres turcas (33,4[10,3] años; 25,9[4,57] kg/m2; 162,9[6,81] cm) participaron en este estudio transversal. Después del pilotaje, las participantes completaron un formulario de cuestionario de seis partes que un dietista capacitado administró personalmente o por teléfono. El cuestionario fue destinado a recopilar datos sobre características demográficas, uso de suplementos dietéticos y factores que influyen en la elección de suplementos, hábitos alimenticios, actividad física y hábitos de estilo de vida. Resultados: Un total de 307 participantes (42,2%) utilizaron al menos un suplemento dietético en el año anterior. Los más utilizados fueron hierro (30,6%), vitamina D (30,6%), vitamina B12 (26,7%), multivitamínicos (18,2%) y calcio (11,4%). El uso de suplementos dietéticos disminuyó con mayor actividad física (p=0,002). Además, el uso de suplementos fue significativamente mayor entre las mujeres que consumían comidas en horarios regulares (p=0,001) y evitaban el consumo de comida rápida (p=0,014). Sin embargo, el uso de suplementos dietéticos no se asoció con menor índice de masa corporal, mayor edad y mayor nivel educativo (p>0,05). Conclusiones: Más del 40% de las mujeres informaron que usaban suplementos dietéticos. El uso de suplementos no se asoció con menor IMC, mayor actividad física, mayor edad, mayor nivel educativo y no fumar y beber. Las mujeres turcas parecen mostrar un perfil de consumidor diferente al de las usuarias típicas de suplementos dietéticos.

RESUMEN: En el 2020 el mundo entero tuvo que adaptarse abruptamente a una nueva realidad: la emergencia sanitaria generada por la COVID-19. Las organizaciones tuvieron que reconfigurar sus estrategias de mercadotecnia a partir de los cambios que la COVID-19 trajo consigo en el comportamiento del mercado y del consumidor. La COVID -19 obligó al distanciamiento social lo que trajo consigo cambios en los hábitos de consumo en línea. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un panorama general de la reconfiguración del comercio online durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en México. La presente es una investigación documental, exploratoria, de enfoque cualitativo y tran-seccional. La recolección de datos secundarios se realizó con información recabada de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Disponibilidad y Uso de Tecnologías de la Información en Hogares (ENDUTIH), de la Asociación Mexicana de Internet, de la Asociación Mexicana de Ventas Online (AMVO) y de la Encuesta Global de Perspectivas del Consumidor 2021 (PwC, 2021), entre otros. Los resultados permiten establecer que tanto consumidores como empresas tuvieron que aprender rápido, adaptarse y responder a los nuevos requerimientos del mercado. La irrupción de la COVID-19, los cambios en los hábitos de consumo, la digitalización empresarial y la inclusión digital en México favorecieron el comercio electrónico.

RÉSUMÉ: En 2020, le monde entier a dü s'adapter brutalement à une nouvelle réalité: l'urgence sanitaire générée par COVID-19. Les organisations ont dü reconfigurer leurs strategies de marketing en fonction des changements que COVID-19 a apportés au marché et au comportement des consommateurs. COVID-19 a forcé une distanciation sociale qui a entramé des changements dans les habitudes de consommation en ligne. L'objectif de cet article est de présenter un aperçu de la reconfiguration du commerce en ligne pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 au Mexique. Il s'agit d'une recherche documentaire, exploratoire, qualitative, transver-sale et qualitative. La collecte de données secondaires a été effectuée à partir d'informations recueillies auprès de l'enquéte nationale sur la dis-ponibilité et l'utilisation des technologies de l'information dans les mé-nages (ENDIJTIH), de l'Association mexicaine de l'Internet, de l'Association mexicaine de la vente en ligne (Amvo) et de l'enquéte Global Consumer Insights Survey 2021 (PwC, 2021), entre autres. Les résultats établissent que tant les consommateurs que les entreprises ont dü apprendre rapidement, s'adapter et répondre aux nouvelles exigences du marché. L'émergence du COVID-19, l'évolution des habitudes de consommation, la numérisation des entreprises et l'inclusion numérique au Mexique ont favorisé le commerce électronique.

ABSTRACT: In 2020, the entire world had to abruptly adapt to a new reality: the health emergency caused by COVID-19. Organizations had to rearrange their marketing strategies based on the changes brought by this situation to market and consumer behavior. COVID-19 forced social distancing, thus leading to shifts in online consumption habits. This paper aims to present an overview of the significant changes in online commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico through a documentary, exploratory, qualitative and cross-sectional research. Secondary data were collected with information from the National Survey on the Availability and Use of Information Technologies in Homes (ENDIJTIH, in Spanish), conducted by the Mexican Internet Association, the Mexican Association of Online Sales (AMVO, in Spanish), and the Global Consumer Perspectives Survey 2021 (PwC, 2021), among other sources. Results show that consumers and companies had to rapidly learn, adapt, and respond to new market requirements, and that the onset of COVID-19, variations in consumption habits, business digitization, and digital inclusion in Mexico favored e-commerce.

RESUMO: Em 2020, o mundo inteiro teve que se adaptar abruptamente a uma nova realidade: a emergência sanitária gerada pela COVID-19. As organizações tiveram que reconfigurar suas estratégias de marketing a partir das mudanças que a COVID-19 trouxe consigo no comportamento do mercado e do consumidor. A COVID-19 obrigou o distanciamento social, o que trouxe consigo mudanças nos hábitos de consumo on-line. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um panorama geral da reconfiguração do comércio on -line durante a pandemia pela COVID-19 no México. Esta pesquisa é documental, exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa e transeccional. A coleta de dados secundário foi realizada com informação obtida da Pesquisa Nacional sobre a Disponibilidade e Uso de Tecnologias da Informação no Domicílio, da Associação Mexicana da Internet, da Associação Mexicana de Vendas On-line e da Pesquisa Global de Perspectivas do Consumidor 2021, entre outros. Os resultados permitem estabelecer que tanto consumidores quanto empresas tiveram que aprender rapidamente, adaptar-se e atender as novas exigências do mercado. A irrupção da COVID-19, as mudanças nos hábitos de consumo, a digitalização empresarial e a inclusão digital no México favoreceram o comércio eletrônico.

RESUMEN: El COVID-19 trajo cambios en los hábitos de los consumidores producto del confinamiento estricto durante el primer año de la pandemia y un segundo año caracterizado por retomar actividades bajo el modelo de la "nueva normalidad". Recientemente, han surgido revisiones de literatura que sintetizan los estudios disponibles sobre el comportamiento de los consumidores y la pandemia. Muchas de estas revisiones tienen un enfoque regional o específico a cada país, y otras destacan ciertos factores que fueron analizados al inicio de la pandemia. Por su parte, el presente estudio separa los temas más destacados identificados en la literatura publicada en 2020 con respecto a aquellos que hacen parte del acervo de 2021. Para ello, se acudió a una base de datos global de Scopus que muestra la evolución del discurso académico en torno al comportamiento del consumidor a medida que avanzaba la pandemia. Interesantemente, algunas diferencias muestran la evolución de los consumidores a lo largo de la pandemia, vista a través de los ojos de los investigadores. El modelado de temas destaca los principales temas estudiados en ambos años. Los resultados muestran la relevancia de cuatro temas principales que difieren de un año a otro. Sin embargo, temas como la investigación sobre el consumo electrónico siguen siendo igualmente importantes en ambos años. Así, los autores de este trabajo proponemos un modelo teórico de investigación del comportamiento de los consumidores que tiene como objetivo ayudar a los consumidores a entenderse a sí mismos, apoyar a los gerentes en el abordaje de estrategias pertinentes y propiciar que los responsables de la generación de políticas busquen regular los principales problemas ocasionados por la pandemia.

RÉSUMÉ : La pandémie de COVID-19 a entrainé des changements dans les habitudes des consommateurs découlant d'un confinement initial au cours de la première année et d'une deuxième année caractérisée par une tentative de retour aux activités sous l'étiquette de la « nouvelle normalité ». Plusieurs analyses documentaires résumant les recherches existantes sur le comportement des consommateurs et la pandémie ont récemment vu le jour. Beaucoup d'entre elles sont axées sur une région ou un pays en parti-culier. D'autres mettent l'accent sur certains facteurs étudiés au début de la pandémie. Cette étude, en revanche, sépare les sujets les plus saillants trouvés dans la littérature en 2020 de ceux trouvés en 2021 en utilisant une base de données Scopus mondiale montrant l'évolution du discours académique sur le comportement des consommateurs à mesure que la pandémie se développait. Il est intéressant de noter que certaines diffé-rences montrent l'évolution des consommateurs tout au long de la pan-démie, vue à travers les yeux des chercheurs. La modélisation thématique met en évidence les principaux sujets d'étude au cours des deux années. Les résultats montrent la pertinence de quatre sujets majeurs qui diffèrent d'une année à l'autre. La recherche sur la consommation en ligne reste toutefois aussi importante les deux années. Nous proposons un modèle théorique de recherche sur le comportement des consommateurs qui vise à aider les consommateurs à se comprendre eux-mêmes, les gestionnaires à élaborer des stratégies en conséquence et les décideurs à réguler les prin-cipaux problèmes posés par la pandémie.

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic brought changes in consumers' habits derived from initial confinement in the first year and a second year characterized by an attempt to return to activities under the "new normal" label. Several literature reviews that summarize existing research on consumer behavior and the pandemic have recently emerged. Many of them have a regional or country-specific focus. Others emphasize certain factors under study at the beginning of the pandemic. This study, in contrast, separates the most salient topics found in literature in 2020 from those found in 2021 using a global Scopus database showing the evolution of the academic discourse on consumer behavior as the pandemic developed. Interestingly, some differences show consumers' evolution throughout the pandemic, seen through the eyes of researchers. Topic modeling highlights the main topics under study in both years. Results show the relevance of four major topics that differ from one year to another. Research on online consumption, however, remains equally important in both years. We propose a theoretical model of consumer behavior research that aims to help consumers understand themselves, managers address strategies accordingly, and policymakers regulate the major issues brought by the pandemic.

RESUMO: A pandemia da COVID-19 trouxe mudanças nos hábitos dos consumidores derivadas do confinamento inicial no primeiro ano e um segundo ano caracterizado pela tentativa de retorno às atividades sob o rótulo de "novo normal". Várias revisões de literatura que resumem pesquisas existentes sobre o comportamento do consumidor e a pandemia surgiram recentemente. Muitas delas apresentam um foco regional ou específico do país. Outros enfatizam certos fatores em estudo no início da pandemia. O presente estudo, em contrapartida, separa os temas mais marcantes encontrados na literatura em 2020 daqueles encontrados em 2021 a partir de uma base de dados global do Scopus, mostrando a evolução do discurso acadêmico sobre o comportamento do consumidor à medida que a pandemia se desenvolveu. Curiosamente, algumas diferenças mostram a evolução dos consumidores ao longo da pandemia, vista pelos olhos dos pesquisadores. A modelagem de tópicos destaca os principais temas em estudo em ambos os anos. Os resultados apontam a relevância de quatro grandes temas que diferem de um ano para outro. A pesquisa sobre consumo on-line, no entanto, mantém-se igualmente importante em ambos os anos. Propomos um modelo teórico de pesquisa de comportamento do consumidor que visa ajudar os consumidores a se entenderem, os gestores a abordarem estratégias em conformidade e os formuladores de políticas a regularem as principais questões trazidas pela pandemia.

RESUMEN: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha generado implicaciones en diversos ámbitos, incluido el comportamiento de los consumidores. Uno de los primeros renglones de consumo afectados ha sido el de los alimentos, debido a su demanda como bien fundamental para la subsistencia. En este artículo se analizan los principales cambios en los hábitos de compra y consumo de alimentos durante las cuarentenas por COVID-19 en Bogotá. Para esto, se planteó un diseño cuantitativo, no experimental de campo, en el que participaron 506 estudiantes universitarios. Los hallazgos muestran que durante las cuarentenas aumentaron las conductas de consumo relacionadas con la permanencia en casa, como las compras en línea, la cocción y consumo de alimentos en casa, y la importancia de la logística y las estrategias digitales. Se definieron tres tipologías de consumidores: i) quienes mostraron mayor cambio en sus hábitos durante las cuarentenas, ii) quienes mantuvieron hábitos relativamente semejantes que antes de la pandemia y iii) quienes siguieron hábitos fuera de casa a pesar de las cuarentenas. Finalmente, el presente estudio busca ofrecer una perspectiva que aporte a la comprensión del comportamiento del consumidor y sus cambios durante y a partir de la COVID-19, más allá de la relación hábitos de consumo de alimentos-salud, que ha sido la perspectiva dominante en la literatura existente.

RÉSUMÉ: La pandémie de COVID-19 a eu des répercussions dans un certain nombre de domaines, dont le comportement des consommateurs. L'un des premiers articles de consommation à être touché fut la nourri-ture, en raison de sa demande en tant que produit de base essentiel à la subsistance. Cet article analyse les principaux changements dans les habitudes d'achat et de consommation de nourriture pendant les quaran-taines du COVID-19 à Bogotá. À cette fin, on a utilisé un modèle de terrain quantitatif et non expérimental, auquel ont participé 506 étudiants universitaires. Les résultats montrent que pendant les quarantaines, les comportements de consommation liés au fait de rester chez soi ont augmenté, comme les achats en ligne, la cuisine et la consommation de nour-riture à la maison, ainsi que l'importance de la logistique et des stratégies numériques. On a défini trois typologies de consommateurs : i) ceux qui ont montré le plus grand changement dans leurs habitudes pendant les quarantaines, ii) ceux qui ont conservé des habitudes relativement simi-laires à celles d'avant la pandémie, et iii) ceux qui ont maintenu leurs habitudes hors foyer malgré les quarantaines. Enfin, cette étude cherche à offrir une perspective qui contribue à la compréhension du comportement des consommateurs et de ses changements pendant et depuis COVID-19, au-delà de la relation habitudes de consommation alimentaire-santé, qui a été la perspective dominante dans la littérature existante.

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic has had implications in multiple areas, including consumer behavior. One of the first segments affected by the pandemic was the food industry due to the demand of essential goods. This paper analyzes the main changes in food purchase and consumption habits during the COVID-19 lockdowns in Bogotá. To do this, we proposed a quantitative, non-experimental field design with the participation of 506 university students. Findings show that consumption behaviors related to staying-at-home, such as online shopping, cooking and homemade food consumption, and the importance of logistics and digital strategies increased during the lockdowns. Furthermore, we defined three types of consumers: (i) those who showed significant changes in their habits during the lockdowns, (ii) those who kept relatively similar habits to those before the pandemic, and (iii) those who continued out-of-home habits despite lock-downs. Finally, this study seeks to outline a perspective that contributes to understanding consumer behavior and the changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic beyond the relationship between food consumption habits and health, which has been the dominant perspective in the existing literature.

RESUMO: A pandemia ocasionada pela COVID-19 vem trazendo consequências em diversos âmbitos, incluído o comportamento dos consumidores. Um dos primeiros setores de consumo afetados foi o de alimentos, devido à sua demanda como bem fundamental para a subsistência. Neste artigo, são analisadas as principais mudanças nos hábitos de compra e consumo de alimentos durante as quarentenas devido à COVID-19 em Bogotá, Colômbia. Para isso, foi proposto um desenho quantitativo, não experimental de campo, do qual participaram 506 estudantes universitários. Os achados mostram que, durante as quarentenas, aumentaram as condutas de consumo relacionadas com a permanência em casa, como as compras on-line, a preparação e consumo de alimentos em casa, e a importância da logística e estratégias digitais. Foram definidas três tipologias de consumidores: 1) os que mostraram maior mudança em seus hábitos durante as quarentenas, 2) os que mantiveram hábitos relativamente semelhantes aos de antes da pandemia e 3) os que continuaram com seus hábitos fora de casa apesar das quarentenas. Finalmente, este estudo pretende oferecer uma perspectiva que contribua para a compreensão do comportamento do consumidor e suas mudanças durante e a partir da COVID-19, mais além da relação hábitos de consumo de alimentos-saúde, que vem sendo a perspectiva dominante na literatura existente.

Abstract Introduction: Dietary supplement use is continuously increasing in the world and it seems to be more common among women. Data on supplement habits of women in Turkey are still limited. The purpose of this study is to determine dietary supplement use and to evaluate associated factors in Turkish women in the pre-COVID-19 period. Methodology: A total of 727 Turkish women (33.4[10.3] years; 25.9[4.57] kg/m2; 162.9[6.81] cm) participated in this cross-sectional study. After piloting, the participants completed a six-part questionnaire form that was administered either face-to-face or over the phone by a trained dietitian. The questionnaire intended to collect data about demographic characteristics, use of dietary supplements and factors influencing supplement choices such as eating habits, physical activity and lifestyle habits. Results: A total of 307 participants (42.2%) used at least one dietary supplement within the previous year. The most commonly used was iron (30.6%) followed by vitamin D (30.6%), vitamin B12 (26.7%), multivitamins (18.2%), and calcium (11.4%). Supplement use decreased with higher physical activity (p=0.002). Furthermore, it was significantly higher among women who consume meals at regular times (p=0.001) and those that avoid fast food consumption (p=0.014). However, the use of dietary supplements was not associated with lower BMI, older age or higher academic level (p>0.05). Conclusions: More than 40% of women were reported using dietary supplements. The use of supplements was not associated with lower BMI, higher physical activity, older age, higher academic level smoking or drinking. Turkish women seem to show a different consumer profile from typical dietary supplement users.

Resumen Introducción: El uso de suplementos dietéticos aumenta continuamente en el mundo y parece ser más común entre las mujeres. Los datos sobre los hábitos de suplementación de las mujeres en Turquía aún son limitados. El propósito de este estudio es determinar el uso de suplementos dietéticos y evaluar los factores que influyen en las mujeres turcas en el período anterior COVID-19. Metodología: Un total de 727 mujeres turcas (33,4[10,3] años; 25,9[4,57] kg/m2; 162,9[6,81] cm) participaron en este estudio transversal. Después del pilotaje, las participantes completaron un formulario de cuestionario de seis partes que un dietista capacitado administró personalmente o por teléfono. El cuestionario fue destinado a recopilar datos sobre características demográficas, uso de suplementos dietéticos y factores que influyen en la elección de suplementos, hábitos alimenticios, actividad física y hábitos de estilo de vida. Resultados: Un total de 307 participantes (42,2%) utilizaron al menos un suplemento dietético en el año anterior. Los más utilizados fueron hierro (30,6%), vitamina D (30,6%), vitamina B12 (26,7%), multivitamínicos (18,2%) y calcio (11,4%). El uso de suplementos dietéticos disminuyó con mayor actividad física (p=0,002). Además, el uso de suplementos fue significativamente mayor entre las mujeres que consumían comidas en horarios regulares (p=0,001) y evitaban el consumo de comida rápida (p=0,014). Sin embargo, el uso de suplementos dietéticos no se asoció con menor índice de masa corporal, mayor edad y mayor nivel educativo (p>0,05). Conclusiones: Más del 40% de las mujeres informaron que usaban suplementos dietéticos. El uso de suplementos no se asoció con menor IMC, mayor actividad física, mayor edad, mayor nivel educativo y no fumar y beber. Las mujeres turcas parecen mostrar un perfil de consumidor diferente al de las usuarias típicas de suplementos dietéticos.

ABSTRACT Objective To Analyze and compare sustainable consumption habits in the clothing segment between Brazilians and Germans. Design/methodology/approach Descriptive, exploratory, and qualitative research. Interviews were conducted with 15 Germans and 15 Brazilians, aged between 20 and 32 years old, in order to identify consumption habits in the clothing segment, familiarity with the theme: sustainable consumption , and levels of personal awareness regarding their consumption behavior, applying the content analysis based on Bardin (2011) as a technique. Findings A significant difference between the two groups was found. While Germans presented greater knowledge on the subject, which was converted into embracing sustainable conduct in the clothing segment, Brazilians demonstrated to have a more superficial knowledge, besides presenting lower levels of awareness in their consumption and sustainable practices in the analyzed segment. Therefore, it concludes that Germans have greater access to information on the theme and more interest and familiarity with the subject. Consequently, it showed that it influences their consumption behavior, presenting habits towards environmental, social, and economic concerns in the clothing segment, habits that were not identified in the Brazilian sample group. Originality/value (mandatory) It contributes by providing an opportunity to comparatively analyze the habits and consumption of two distinct countries, helping entrepreneurs and managers to understand the market segments better and create more powerful strategies, focusing on the value perceived by the customer in the acts of consumption.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar e comparar hábitos de consumo sustentável no segmento de vestuário entre brasileiros e alemães. Desenho/Metodologia/Abordagem Pesquisa descritiva, exploratória e qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 15 alemães e 15 brasileiros, com idade entre 20 e 32 anos, a fim de identificar hábitos de consumo no segmento de vestuário, familiaridade com o tema consumo sustentável e níveis de consciência pessoal quanto aos seus hábitos de consumo empregando como técnica a análise de conteúdo baseado em Bardin (2011). Resultados Constatou-se uma diferença expressiva entre os dois grupos. Enquanto os alemães apresentaram maior conhecimento sobre o assunto, que se converteu na adoção de hábitos de consumo sustentável no segmento de vestuário, os brasileiros demonstraram ter um conhecimento mais superficial, além de apresentarem níveis menores de consciência de consumo e de práticas sustentáveis no segmento analisado. Conclui que os alemães têm maior acesso a informações sobre o tema e mais interesse e familiaridade com o assunto. Isso mostrou influenciar seus comportamentos de consumo, que apresentam hábitos no sentido de preocupação ambiental, social e econômica no segmento de vestuário, costumes esses não identificados no grupo amostral brasileiro. Originalidade/valor Contribui por oportunizar analisar comparativamente hábitos e de consumo de dois páises distintos, auxiliando empreendedores e gestores a conhecer melhor os segmentos de mercado e criar estratégias mais assertivas, atentando-se para o valor percebido pelo cliente nos atos de consumo.

Resumen Introducción: Durante la pandemia de la nueva enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), las preferencias alimentarias y los comportamientos de consumo de los consumidores han comenzado a cambiar. Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar los cambios en las preferencias alimentarias y los hábitos de compra en la nueva normalidad de COVID-19 después del cierre. Metodología: En este estudio transversal, la encuesta anónima en línea organizada por Forms.app se compartió a través de las redes sociales de julio a agosto de 2021 y se centró en los residentes Turcos de entre 18 y 65 años. El cuestionario fue desarrollado en base a la literatura relacionada por los autores. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando IBM SPSS© Statistics para Windows, versión 20.0. Resultados: Participaron de este estudio un total de 1.033 mujeres (90,4%) y 110 hombres (9,6%), con edades entre 26 y 37 años. Durante el nuevo período normal de pandemia, el 40,3% de los participantes aumentó las compras de alimentos en línea y el 44,1% de los participantes disminuyó las compras de alimentos a través de los mercados, fruterías o mercados locales. El sexo, la edad, los ingresos, el estado civil y las enfermedades crónicas no difirieron significativamente en el cambio de compras en línea (p>0,05). El nivel educativo y la situación laboral fueron significativamente diferentes (p<0,05). El 55,6% de los participantes informaron que la pandemia de COVID-19 afectó su elección de alimentos. La compra de alimentos percibidos como saludables según los participantes fue mucho y bastante como 38,7% afectados por la pandemia de COVID -19. Un alto porcentaje de los participantes aumentó el consumo de alimentos saludables como alimentos que contienen vitamina C, frutas, verduras, nueces, alimentos ricos en proteínas, alimentos probióticos y aumentó el consumo de agua. Conclusiones: El comportamiento de compra de alimentos y el consumo de alimentos consumidos ha cambiado en el nuevo período normal de COVID-19.

Abstract Introduction: During the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, food preferences and consumption behaviors of consumers began to change. This study aims to examine changes in food preferences and purchasing habits in the new normal of COVID-19 after lockdown. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, the anonymous online survey hosted by the forms.app was shared via social media from July to August 2021, targeting Turkish residents 18-65 years old. The questionnaire was developed based on related literature by authors. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS© Statistics for Windows, version 20.0. Results: A total of 1,033 women (90.4%) and 110 men (9.6%) participated in this study, between the ages of 26-37. During the new normal period of the pandemic, 40.3% of the participants have increased online food shopping, and 44.1% of the participants decreased food shopping via the markets, greengrocers, or local markets. While sex, age, income, marital status, and chronic disease did not differ significantly in the change in online shopping (p>0.05), education level and labor status were significantly different (p<0.05). 55.6% of the participants reported that the COVID-19 pandemic affected their food choice. Purchasing of foods perceived as healthy according to participants was a lot and quite a lot as %38.7 affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. A high percentage of the participants increased their consumption of healthy foods such as foods containing vitamin C, fruits, vegetables, nuts, protein-rich foods, probiotic foods, and water. Conclusions: The food purchasing behavior and the consumption of foods consumed have been changed in the new normal period of COVID-19.

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the evolution of food acquisition for away from home consumption in Brazil from 2002 to 2018. The trend of food purchases for out-of-home consumption in Brazil was evaluated by comparing food purchase data from the Household Budget Surveys (HBS) of 2002-2003, 2008-2009, and 2017-2018. The frequency of food acquisition was estimated according to sociodemographic variables and the mean cost. In 2002-2003, the frequency of purchase of food for out-of-home consumption was 35.2% (95%CI: 34.4-35.9), increasing to 41.2% (95%CI: 40.4-42.0) in 2008-2009, followed by a decline in 2017-2018 (32.3%; 95%CI: 31.7-32.9). A declining trend was observed in the frequency of purchases of alcoholic beverages and soft drinks and fast foods maintained the frequency between the last two surveys. Spending on this type of food increased between 2002-2003 and 2008-2009, while the mean value of this type of expenditure was maintained between 2008-2009 and 2017-2018. Brazilians increased food purchases for out-of-home consumption between 2002-2003 and 2008-2009, declining in 2017-2018. A consistent fall in the purchase of alcoholic beverages and soft drinks was observed over time, while the group of meals grew significantly.

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a evolução da aquisição de alimentos para consumo fora de casa no Brasil de 2002 a 2018. A tendência de compra de alimentos para consumo fora de casa no Brasil foi avaliada pela comparação de dados de compra de alimentos das Pesquisas de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) de 2002-2003, 2008-2009 e 2017-2018. A frequência de aquisição de alimentos foi estimada de acordo com variáveis sociodemográficas e o custo médio. Em 2002-2003, a frequência de compra de alimentos para consumo fora do domicílio foi de 35,2% (IC95%: 34,4-35,9), aumentando para 41,2% (IC95%: 40,4-42,0) em 2008-2009, seguido por um declínio em 2017-2018 (32,3%; IC95%: 31,7-32,9). Foi observada tendência de queda na frequência de compras de bebidas alcoólicas e refrigerantes, enquanto fast food manteve a frequência entre as duas últimas pesquisas. Os gastos com esse tipo de alimentação aumentaram entre 2002-2003 e 2008-2009, enquanto o valor médio desse tipo de gasto se manteve entre 2008-2009 e 2017-2018. Os brasileiros aumentaram as compras de alimentos para consumo fora de casa entre 2002-2003 e 2008-2009, diminuindo em 2017-2018. Uma queda consistente na compra de bebidas alcoólicas e refrigerantes foi observada ao longo do tempo, enquanto o grupo das refeições apresentou aumento significativo.

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a evolução da aquisição de alimentos para consumo fora de casa no Brasil de 2002 a 2018. A tendência de compra de alimentos para consumo fora de casa no Brasil foi avaliada pela comparação de dados de compra de alimentos das Pesquisas de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) de 2002-2003, 2008-2009 e 2017-2018. A frequência de aquisição de alimentos foi estimada de acordo com variáveis sociodemográficas e o custo médio. Em 2002-2003, a frequência de compra de alimentos para consumo fora do domicílio foi de 35,2% (IC95%: 34,4-35,9), aumentando para 41,2% (IC95%: 40,4-42,0) em 2008-2009, seguido por um declínio em 2017-2018 (32,3%; IC95%: 31,7-32,9). Foi observada tendência de queda na frequência de compras de bebidas alcoólicas e refrigerantes, enquanto fast food manteve a frequência entre as duas últimas pesquisas. Os gastos com esse tipo de alimentação aumentaram entre 2002-2003 e 2008-2009, enquanto o valor médio desse tipo de gasto se manteve entre 2008-2009 e 2017-2018. Os brasileiros aumentaram as compras de alimentos para consumo fora de casa entre 2002-2003 e 2008-2009, diminuindo em 2017-2018. Uma queda consistente na compra de bebidas alcoólicas e refrigerantes foi observada ao longo do tempo, enquanto o grupo das refeições apresentou aumento significativo.

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the evolution of food acquisition for away from home consumption in Brazil from 2002 to 2018. The trend of food purchases for out-of-home consumption in Brazil was evaluated by comparing food purchase data from the Household Budget Surveys (HBS) of 2002-2003, 2008-2009, and 2017-2018. The frequency of food acquisition was estimated according to sociodemographic variables and the mean cost. In 2002-2003, the frequency of purchase of food for out-of-home consumption was 35.2% (95%CI: 34.4-35.9), increasing to 41.2% (95%CI: 40.4-42.0) in 2008-2009, followed by a decline in 2017-2018 (32.3%; 95%CI: 31.7-32.9). A declining trend was observed in the frequency of purchases of alcoholic beverages and soft drinks and fast foods maintained the frequency between the last two surveys. Spending on this type of food increased between 2002-2003 and 2008-2009, while the mean value of this type of expenditure was maintained between 2008-2009 and 2017-2018. Brazilians increased food purchases for out-of-home consumption between 2002-2003 and 2008-2009, declining in 2017-2018. A consistent fall in the purchase of alcoholic beverages and soft drinks was observed over time, while the group of meals grew significantly.