Resumen Marco contextual: La generatividad se asocia con la resiliencia y la satisfacción con la vida en la vejez, incluidas las de las personas adultas lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y transexuales (LGBT+). Objetivo: Examinar las propiedades psicométricas de la Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS) y la Generative Behavior Checklist (GBC) en adultos mayores LGBT+ españoles (mayores de 50 años). Metodología: Estudio psicométrico con 141 adultos mayores LGBT+. Se analizó la validez de constructo (análisis factorial exploratorio), la validez convergente y la consistencia interna de cada escala. Resultado: Los análisis factoriales paralelos y exploratorios sugieren un modelo bifactorial para ambas escalas con una buena adecuación a la muestra. La LGS explica el 45,1% de la varianza y tiene una consistencia interna de 0,78. La GBC explica el 41,76% de la varianza y tiene una consistencia interna de 0,879. Se encontró una correlación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre la satisfacción con la vida y las escalas de generatividad. Las dos escalas mostraron una correlación positiva y significativa (rs = 0,310). Conclusión: Ambas escalas han demostrado ser válidas y fiables para medir la generatividad en adultos mayores LGBT+ españoles.

Abstract Background: Generativity has been associated with resilience and life satisfaction in older age, including among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) older adults. Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of the Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS) and Generative Behavior Checklist (GBC) for Spanish LGBT+ older adults (over the age of 50). Methodology: A psychometric study was conducted with 141 Spanish LGBT+ older adults to examine the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), convergent validity, and reliability (internal consistency) of the LGS and the GBC. Results: Parallel and exploratory factor analyses suggested a two-factor model with good sample adequacy for both scales. The LGS explained 45.1% of the variance and had an internal consistency of 0.78. The GBC explained 41.76 % of the variance and had an internal consistency of 0.879. A positive and statistically significant correlation was found between life satisfaction and the generative scales. A positive and significant correlation (rs = 0.310) was also observed between both instruments. Conclusion: Both instruments proved valid and reliable for measuring generativity in Spanish LGBT+ older adults.

Resumo Enquadramento: A generatividade tem sido associada à resiliência e à satisfação com a vida na velhice, incluindo entre a população lésbica, gay, bissexual e transgénero (LGBT+) mais velha. Objetivo: Analisar as propriedades psicométricas da Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS) e da Generative Behavior Checklist (GBC) para idosos espanhóis LGBT + (com mais de 50 anos). Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo psicométrico com 141 idosos espanhóis LGBT+ com o objetivo de examinar a validade de construto (análise fatorial exploratória), a validade convergente e a fiabilidade (consistência interna) da LGS e da GBC. Resultados: Os métodos de análise paralela e a análise fatorial exploratória sugeriram um modelo de dois fatores para ambos os instrumentos com boa adequação da amostra. A LGS explicou 45,1% da variância e apresentou uma consistência interna de 0,78. O GBC explicou 41,76% da variância e apresentou uma consistência interna de 0,879. Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre a satisfação com a vida e as escalas generativas. Foi também observada uma correlação positiva e significativa (rs = 0,310) entre os dois instrumentos. Conclusão: Ambos os instrumentos demonstraram ser válidos e fiáveis para medir a generatividade em idosos espanhóis LGBT+.

Abstract Purpose: To adapt and validate in Sonora the scale to measure Attitudes towards Transgender People in University Students (EATU), which measures the inclusion of trans people in Higher Education Institutions (HEIS). Methodological design: Quantitative, cross-sectional and non-experimental study. 860 participants were selected among three HEIS, with non-probabilistic and intentional sampling. A 4-point Likert-type scale survey was applied that evaluates transinclusive attitudes. Reliability was obtained with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. For validity, the sample was randomly divided into two; In subsample 1, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was carried out and in subsample 2, the model resulting from the EFA was tested using a Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results: The EFA yielded a final solution EATU of 32 items grouped into 3 dimensions called sensitivity, coexistence and cisexist stigma, with values that demonstrate validity and reliability. The SEM generated a model with indices of fitness in a final solution of 17 items and 3 correlated dimensions with acceptable coefficients. Research limitations: The measurement of transinclusion attitudes in a society where it has been documented that such construct is barely being developing, and the failure to collect demographic data on the sample about their religious beliefs. Findings: A measurement instrument on transinclusive attitudes for key social actors interested in promoting the inclusion of trans people, their human rights and substantive equality.

Resumen Objetivo: Adaptar y validar en el contexto sonorense la Escala para medir Actitudes hacia las Personas Transgénero en Estudiantes Universitarios (EATU) que mide la inclusión de personas trans en Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES). Diseño metodológico: Es un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y no experimental. De tres IES, participaron 860 personas seleccionadas con muestreo no probabilístico e intencional. Se aplicó una escala tipo Likert de 4 puntos que evalúa actitudes transincluyentes. La fiabilidad se obtuvo con alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald. Para la validez la muestra se dividió al azar en dos; en la submuestra 1 se llevó a cabo un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) y en la submuestra 2 se probó el modelo resultante del AFE mediante un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales (MEE). Resultados: El AFE arrojó una solución final de la EATU de 32 ítems agrupados en 3 dimensiones denominadas sensibilidad, convivencia y estigma cisexista, con valores de fiabilidad superiores a .90 y de cargas factoriales superiores a .36. El MEE generó un modelo con índices de bondad de ajuste en una solución final de 17 ítems y 3 dimensiones correlacionadas con coeficientes superiores a .46. Limitaciones de la investigación: La medición de actitudes de transinclusión en una sociedad donde se ha documentado que tal constructo está en desarrollo y el no recabar datos demográficos en la muestra sobre sus creencias religiosas. Hallazgos: Un instrumento de medida sobre actitudes transincluyentes para actores sociales clave interesados en la promoción de la inclusión de las personas trans, sus derechos humanos y la igualdad sustantiva.

Abstract The parental monitoring scale has demonstrated adequate levels of validity and feasibility in the USA and given the lack of instruments assessing this construct in Mexico, the aim of this study was to adapt and validate into Spanish the Parental Monitoring Instrument scale in Mexican adolescents and their parents, as well as its validation using external criteria. 448 adolescents from public schools in Guadalajara and 215 parents of adolescents were included. The scale was not equivalent for both adolescents and parents. The adolescent version had a four-dimensional structure, while the parent version had a three-dimensional structure. Scale reliability was ω = 80 and ω = 83 respectively. Criterion validation identified an association between parental supervision and substance use. The parental supervision scale can be used with Mexican adolescents and their parents. Evaluation of the scale’s psychometric structure in other contexts is encouraged.

Resumen La escala de supervisión parental ha demostrado niveles adecuados de validez y factibilidad en EEUU y ante la falta de instrumentos que evalúen este constructo en México, el objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar al español la escala Parental Monitoring Instrument en adolescentes mexicanos y sus padres, así como evaluar su validación mediante criterios externos. Se incluyeron 448 adolescentes de escuelas públicas de Guadalajara y 215 padres de adolescentes. La escala no fue equivalente para adolescentes y padres. La versión de adolescentes tuvo una estructura de cuatro dimensiones, mientras que la de padres fue de tres. La confiabilidad de la escala fue de ω =80 y ω = 83 respectivamente. En la validación mediante criterios se identificó asociación entre la supervisión parental y el consumo de sustancias. En conclusión, la escala de supervisión parental se puede utilizar con adolescentes mexicanos y sus padres. Se alienta a evaluar su estructura psicométrica en otros contextos.

Resumen (Objetivo) El objetivo del documento es verificar la estructura factorial de la Escala de Clima Escolar en Ambientes Universitarios (ECEAU) mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). (Metodología) Se realizó un estudio transversal no experimental con una muestra aleatoria de 381 estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, a los que se le aplicó la ECEAU. Se planteó un modelo SEM para verificar la estructura factorial de la escala y un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) que brindó la base para proponer un modelo SEM alternativo con una estructura distinta. La confiabilidad de las escalas se determinó mediante el omega de McDonald y los criterios de bondad de ajuste para los modelos SEM fueron el RMSEA, el CFI, el TLI y el GFI. El análisis se efectuó con el software R. (Resultados) La confiabilidad de las escalas en ambos modelos resultaron adecuadas (w >0.70), aunque mejores en el modelo propuesto. El AFE sugirió una estructura diferente para la ECEAU, manteniendo algunas dimensiones de la estructura original y modificando y eliminando otras. Los indicadores de bondad de ajuste, en ambos modelos, fueron casi idénticos con RMSEA=0.02, CFI=0.99, el TLI=0.99 y GFI=0.98, lo que brinda evidencia a favor de las estructuras factoriales planteadas. (Conclusiones) Se verifica la estructura originalmente planteada en la ECEAU y las diferencias en los métodos de estimación y rotación generaron la propuesta de otra estructura factorial, igualmente válida, para medir el constructo clima escolar, en el contexto universitario estudiado y que puede ser aplicado a contextos similares.

Resumo (Objetivo) O objetivo do artigo é verificar a estrutura fatorial da Escala de Clima Escolar em Ambientes Universitários (ECEAU) usando modelagem de equações estruturais (SEM). (Metodologia) Foi realizado um estudo transversal não experimental com uma amostra aleatória de 381 alunos da Universidade Nacional da Costa Rica, aos quais foi aplicada a ECEAU. Uma modelagem SEM foi usada para verificar a estrutura fatorial da escala e uma análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) forneceu a base para a proposta de uma modelagem SEM alternativa com uma estrutura diferente. A confiabilidade das escalas foi determinada pelo ômega de McDonald e os critérios de adequação dos modelos SEM foram RMSEA, CFI, TLI e GFI. A análise foi realizada com o software R. (Resultados) A confiabilidade das escalas em ambos os modelos foi adequada (w >0,70), embora melhor no modelo proposto. A AFE sugeriu uma estrutura diferente para a ECEAU, mantendo algumas dimensões da estrutura original e modificando e eliminando outras. Os indicadores de adequação em ambos os modelos foram quase idênticos, com RMSEA=0,02, CFI=0,99, TLI=0,99 e GFI=0,98, o que fornece evidências a favor das estruturas de fatores propostas. (Conclusões) Confirmou-se a estrutura originalmente proposta no ECEAU e as diferenças nos métodos de estimativa e rotação geraram a proposta de outra estrutura fatorial, igualmente válida, para medir o construto clima escolar no contexto universitário estudado e que pode ser aplicada a contextos semelhantes.

Abstract (Objective) The aim of this paper is to verify the factorial structure of the School Climate Scale in University Environments (ECEAU) through structural equation models (SEM). (Methodology) A non-experimental cross-sectional study was carried out with a random sample of 381 students of the Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA), to whom the ECEAU was applied. A SEM model was proposed to confirm the factor structure of the scale and an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to provide the basis for an alternative SEM model with a different structure. The reliability of scales was determined using McDonald’s omega, and the goodness of fit indexes used for the SEM models were the RMSEA, the CFI, the TLI and the GFI. The analysis was carried out using R software. (Results) The reliability of the scales in both models was adequate (w>0.70), although the metrics in the proposed model produced better results. The AFE suggested a different structure for the ECEAU, keeping some dimensions of the original structure and modifying and eliminating others. The goodness of fit indexes in both models were almost identical, with RMSEA=0.02, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.99 and GFI=0.98, which provides supporting evidence for the factorial structures proposed. (Conclusions) The original structure of the ECEAU was confirmed, while the differences in the results of the estimation and rotation methods generated another equally valid factorial structure for measuring the school climate construct in this university, and could be applied to other similar contexts.

A medição da cultura de pesquisa é um fator essencial para a compreensão dos componentes organizacionais que condicionam e sustentam as atividades relacionadas nas instituições universitárias. O artigo se propôs a avaliar as qualidades psicométricas da escala de cultura de pesquisa em uma amostra de estudantes peruanos de graduação e pós-graduação. A pesquisa foi enquadrada no paradigma instrumental positivista-quantitativo. Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicada uma escala em formato digital, composta por 33 itens. Quanto aos processos psicométricos, a validade do conteúdo foi desenvolvida usando o coeficiente V de Aiken e a validade do construto. A análise da consistência interna foi realizada com o alfa de Cronbach e a técnica de correlação. Além disso, foi aplicada uma escala com base na técnica de porcentagem variável, de acordo com a estrutura do instrumento. Conclui-se que a escala CIIDE está em conformidade com os processos psicométricos de validade e confiabilidade. Nesse sentido, apresenta utilidade prática na medida em que permite a identificação objetiva das circunstâncias, condições e contradições que sustentam o desenvolvimento da cultura de pesquisa.

La medición de la cultura investigativa constituye un factor primordial en la comprensión de los componentes organizacionales que condicionan y sustentan las actividades afines en las instituciones universitarias. El artículo se planteó evaluar las cualidades psicométricas de la escala de cultura investigativa en una muestra de discentes peruanos de pre y posgrado. La investigación se enmarcó en el paradigma positivista-cuantitativo de tipo instrumental. Para la recolección de los datos se aplicó una escala en formato digital conformada por 33 reactivos. En cuanto a los procesos psicométricos, se desarrolló la validez de contenido mediante el coeficiente V de Aiken y la validez de constructo. El análisis de consistencia interna se realizó mediante Alfa de Cronbach y la técnica de correlación. Adicionalmente, se aplicó un baremo basado en la técnica de porcentualización de la variable, según la estructura del instrumento. Se concluye que la escala de CIIDE cumple con los procesos psicométricos de validez y confiabilidad. En tal sentido, presenta utilidad práctica en la medida que permite identificar objetivamente las circunstancias, condiciones y contradicciones que sustentan el desarrollo de la cultura investigativa.

The measurement of research culture is an essential factor in the understanding of the organizational components that condition and sustain related activities in university institutions. The aim of this article was to evaluate the psychometric qualities of the research culture scale in a sample of Peruvian undergraduate and graduate students. The research was framed within the instrumental positivist-quantitative paradigm. For data collection, a scale in digital format was applied, consisting of 33 items. As for the psychometric processes, content validity was developed by means of Aiken's V coefficient and construct validity. The internal consistency analysis was carried out using Cronbach's alpha and the correlation technique. Additionally, a scale based on the variable percentage technique was applied, according to the structure of the instrument. It is concluded that the CIIDE scale complies with the psychometric processes of validity and reliability. In this sense, it presents practical usefulness insofar as it allows to objectively identify the circumstances, conditions and contradictions that sustain the development of the research culture.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Urethral stricture is a common, albeit complex, condition that predominantly affects men. The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Patient-Reported Outcome Measure questionnaire for patients undergoing urethroplasty (USS-PROM) into Brazilian Portuguese using validated psychometric criteria. Materials and Methods: The process involved translating and culturally adapting the original USS-PROM into Brazilian Portuguese (USS-PROMbr), synthesizing, back-translating, cross-culturally adapting, and analyzing the pre-final version with experts from our committee. This pre-version was administered to 10 patients who had undergone urethroplasty by the Reconstructive Urology team at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre for face validation, linguistic, and semantic adjustments, resulting in the final USS-PROMbr version. Subsequently, well-established psychometric criteria, including content validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reproducibility, were assessed after administering the questionnaire to a total of 56 patients, with 50 of them responding to the test and retest. Results: Evaluation of the pre-final version identified 15 questions as clear, and only one question was considered somewhat unclear necessitating modifications based on patient suggestions and subsequent reassessment by the research team. Psychometric criteria demonstrated good content validity, with a content validity index exceeding 0.80 for all questions; good internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha of 0.77, ranging from 0.70 to 0.78 with the exclusion of any item, and item-total correlations ranging from 0.33 to 0.67. The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.74 for the lower urinary tract symptoms construct (Q1-Q6). Conclusion: The USS-PROMbr demonstrated acceptable cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties, making it a valid and useful tool for evaluating patients undergoing urethroplasty. Introduction common complex men translate adapt PatientReported Patient Reported USSPROM USS PROM (USS-PROM Methods USSPROMbr, USSPROMbr PROMbr , (USS-PROMbr) synthesizing backtranslating, backtranslating back translating, back-translating crossculturally cross prefinal pre committee preversion 1 validation linguistic adjustments Subsequently wellestablished well established consistency testretest retest reproducibility 5 Results clear 080 0 80 0.8 Cronbachs Cronbach s 077 77 0.77 070 70 0.7 078 78 item itemtotal 033 33 0.3 067 67 0.67 074 74 Q1Q6. Q1Q6 QQ Q1 Q6 . Q (Q1-Q6) Conclusion crosscultural cultural properties (USS-PROMbr 08 8 0. 07 7 03 3 06 6 0.6 Q1Q (Q1-Q6 (Q1-Q

Abstract The physical and virtual infrastructure are important aspects to evaluate in organizations, since, if not, there could be deficiencies in operations, non-functional equipment and furniture, poor control of data and electronic resources, poor technological adaptability, to mention a few. Even more so, in an era of increasing remote work, technological dependence and demand for adequate conditions in the work area. The objective is to design and validate an instrument that collects information related to the perception of infrastructure in an organization, under a quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational, non-exploratory and descriptive approach. The methodology was: panel of experts validated the content; second, factor analysis validated the construct, using the KMO test (Kaiser Meyer Olkin) and Bartlett's sphericity; third, the reliability of the instrument was obtained with Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The result, after applying the pilot test to 58 individuals was: KMO 0.738; Bartlett's sphericity 0.000; Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.942 for the complete instrument. Finally, the findings and conclusions are the increase of four dimensions proposed by ISO to six, with their respective Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, called: information processors (0.882); cybersecurity and telecommunications (0.887); electronic devices, internet service and transportation (0.865); physical and virtual space (0.809); information exchange and storage (0.724); ergonomics and ventilation in the workspace (0.861). The main contribution is an instrument with scientific rigor, relevant for general use in the academic community and any productive sector.

Resumo As infra-estruturas físicas e virtuais são aspectos importantes a avaliar nas organizações, pois, caso não o façam, podem surgir deficiências nas operações, nos equipamentos e no mobiliário não funcional, bem como um mau controlo dos dados e dos recursos electrónicos e uma fraca adaptabilidade tecnológica, entre outros. . Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é projetar e validar um instrumento que colete informações relacionadas à percepção de infraestrutura em uma organização. Para isso, utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, transversal, correlacional, não exploratória e descritiva. A metodologia consistiu em um painel de especialistas que validou o conteúdo, bem como uma análise fatorial que validou o construto por meio do teste KMO (Kaiser Meyer Olkin) e esfericidade de Bartlett. Além disso, a confiabilidade do instrumento foi obtida por meio do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Após aplicação do teste piloto em 58 indivíduos, o resultado foi o seguinte: KMO 0,738, esfericidade de Bartlett 0,000 e coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,942 para o instrumento completo. Por fim, os resultados permitiram determinar o aumento de quatro para seis dimensões propostas pela ISO com seus respectivos coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, denominados processadores de informação (0,882); cibersegurança e telecomunicações (0,887); aparelhos eletrônicos, serviço de internet e transporte (0,865); espaço físico e virtual (0,809); troca e armazenamento de informações (0,724); ergonomia e ventilação no ambiente de trabalho (0,861). Em resumo, a principal contribuição é um instrumento relevante e com rigor científico para uso geral na comunidade acadêmica e em qualquer setor produtivo.

Resumen La infraestructura física y virtual son aspectos importantes por evaluar en las organizaciones, ya que, en caso de no hacerlo, pueden surgir deficiencias en las operaciones, el equipo y el mobiliario no funcional, así como escaso control de datos y recursos electrónicos y poca adaptabilidad tecnológica, entre otros. Por eso, el objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y validar un instrumento que recolecte información relacionada con la percepción sobre infraestructura en una organización. Para ello, se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, transversal, correlacional, no exploratorio y descriptivo. La metodológica consistió en un panel de expertos que validó el contenido, así como en un análisis factorial que validó el constructo usando la prueba KMO (Kaiser Meyer Olkin) y la esfericidad de Bartlett. Además, con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach se obtuvo la confiabilidad del instrumento. Después de aplicar la prueba piloto a 58 individuos, el resultado fue el siguiente: KMO 0.738, esfericidad de Bartlett 0.000 y coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.942 para el instrumento completo. Finalmente, los hallazgos permitieron determinar el incremento de cuatro a seis dimensiones propuestas por ISO con su respectivo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, denominadas procesadores de información (0.882); ciberseguridad y telecomunicaciones (0.887); dispositivos electrónicos, servicio de internet y transporte (0.865); espacio físico y virtual (0.809); intercambio y almacenamiento de información (0.724); ergonomía y ventilación en el espacio de trabajo (0.861). En síntesis, la principal contribución es un instrumento pertinente y con rigor científico para el uso general en la comunidad académica y cualquier sector productivo.

Abstract In the 21st century society, a topic that has gained relevance within the social sciences is that of conflict, for which authors such as Lewis Coser, Erich Fromm, George Balandier, Randall Collins, Elton McNeil, Galtung, among others have dedicated themselves to address it. In order to provide empirical evidence to the subject, the present investigation was carried out in the teaching staff of a thematic Center of the University of Guadalajara, where the Conflict Resolution Scale questionnaire of Rojo. (2019), to carry out a quantitative, cross-sectional analysis where a descriptive analysis was carried out with measures of central tendency on socioeconomic variables and exploratory factor analysis for the questionnaire items, it was found that the questionnaire shows statistical validity and is representative. of the population analyzed so that the theoretical construct is applicable to the university setting.

Resumo Na sociedade do século XXI, autores como Lewis Coser, Erich Fromm, George Balandier, Randall Collins, Elton McNeil, Galtung, entre outros, têm dedicado a sua atenção ao tema do conflito, que tem ganho relevância no âmbito das ciências sociais. Com o objetivo de fornecer evidências empíricas sobre este tema, esta pesquisa foi realizada entre docentes de um Centro Temático da Universidade de Guadalajara, para o qual foi aplicado o questionário Escala de Resolução de Conflitos de Rojo (2019) para realizar um levantamento quantitativo e cruzado. análise seccional. Da mesma forma, foi realizada análise descritiva com medidas de tendência central nas variáveis socioeconômicas e análise fatorial exploratória para os itens do questionário. Os resultados indicam que o questionário apresenta validade estatística e é representativo da população analisada, portanto o construto teórico é aplicável ao ambiente universitário.

Resumen En la sociedad del siglo XXI, autores como Lewis Coser, Erich Fromm, George Balandier, Randall Collins, Elton McNeil, Galtung, entre otros, han dedicado su atención al tema del conflicto, el cual ha cobrado relevancia dentro de las ciencias sociales. Con el fin de aportar evidencia empírica a este tema, se llevó a cabo la presente investigación en el personal docente de un Centro temático de la Universidad de Guadalajara, para lo cual se aplicó el cuestionario Escala de solución del conflicto de Rojo (2019) para realizar un análisis de tipo cuantitativo, de corte transversal. Asimismo, se llevó a cabo un análisis descriptivo con medidas de tendencia central sobre variables socioeconómicas y un análisis factorial exploratorio para los reactivos del cuestionario. Los resultados indican que el cuestionario muestra validez estadística y es representativo de la población analizada, por lo que el constructo teórico es aplicable al escenario universitario.

School readiness assessments in South Africa still predominantly focus on the assessment of cognitive skills. The Emotional Social Screening Tool for School Readiness (E3SR) was developed to bridge the perceived gap in assessing emotional-social skills as a domain of school readiness. An emerging body of research reports exists on the psychometric properties and factor structure of the E3SR. An initial validation study recommended a 6-factor solution instead of the theoretical 9-factor model that was proposed in the development of the E3SR. The E3SR (Revised) was also reduced in length. We report here on a pilot study of which the aim was to establish the reliability and construct validity of the E3SR (Revised). A cross-sectional survey design was used to gather data from 9 pre-schools in Cape Town, South Africa. Pre-school teachers (n = 24) constituted the respondent group who completed the E3SR (Revised) screening questionnaires on Grade R learners (n = 394). Analysis was conducted on 321 completed screening questionnaires. With the data analysis we aimed to: a) summarise sample characteristics of teachers and children; b) establish reliability estimates; and c) establish construct validity and confirming the factor structure. Ethics clearance was given by the Humanities and Social Science Research Ethics Committee (HSSREC) of the University of the Western Cape. The study adhered to stipulated ethics requirements. Data failed to show multivariate normality; however, this violation of normality was expected and was theoretically supported. The sample size (n = 321) was sufficient for factor analysis of a 36-item scale. All subscales showed excellent reliability: Cronbach's alphas ranged between .939 and .971. CFA results demonstrated a good model fit. The E3SR (Revised) was found to be reliable and valid for use. The use of a rigorous methodological process including the decision-making matrix represent good research practice that can be used in instrument development across cultures.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Reportar la sensibilidad al cambio e interpretabilidad de la versión argentina de la escala de catastrofización del dolor (PCS-Arg, por sus siglas en inglés) en una muestra de sujetos con dolor lumbar crónico (DLC). Materiales y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, observacional y longitudinal. Se reclutaron sujetos con DLC derivados a la unidad de kinesiología de un hospital público de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Inicialmente, se registraron los datos demográficos y las puntuaciones de la PCS-Arg, así como la intensidad del dolor, discapacidad, calidad de vida y depresión mediante cuestionarios autoadministrados. En una segunda instancia, al mes o alta del tratamiento, se repitieron los cuestionarios junto con una escala global de cambio. La sensibilidad al cambio fue evaluada mediante la validez de constructo longitudinal. La interpretabilidad se calculó mediante el método basado en el ancla, y se reportaron la diferencia mínima clínicamente importante (DMCI) y el beneficio clínico sustancial (BCS). Resultados: Se incluyeron 102 sujetos en el estudio. La PCS-Arg demostró una sensibilidad al cambio aceptable. La DMCI fue de 10 puntos, con un área bajo la curva (AUC) de 0,65 y un intervalo de confianza del 95 % (IC 95 % 0,47-0,83). El BCS fue de 17 puntos, con un AUC de 0,66 (IC 95 % 0,55-0,77). Conclusión: La PCS-Arg es un instrumento sensible al cambio. La capacidad discriminativa de los valores para identificar la DMCI y el BCS fue pobre. Estos resultados permitirán interpretar el impacto de diferentes terapéuticas orientadas a modificar el catastrofismo, así como potenciar futuros ensayos clínicos que incluyan sujetos con DLC.

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the responsiveness and interpretability of the Argentine version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-Arg) in a sample of subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Materials and methods: A prospective, observational, and longitudinal study was conducted. Subjects with CLBP referred to the physical therapy unit of a public hospital in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires were recruited. At baseline, demographic data and PCS-Arg scores, as well as pain intensity, disability, quality of life, and depression were recorded through self-reported questionnaires. In a second instance, at one month or discharge, the same variables were collected, along with a Global Rating Of Change (GROC) scale. Responsiveness was assessed using longitudinal construct validity. Interpretability was calculated using the anchor-based method, and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and substantial clinical benefit (SCB) were reported. Results: A total of 102 subjects were included in the study. The PCS-Arg showed acceptable responsiveness. The MCID score was 10 points, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.65 and a confidence interval of 95 % (95 % CI 0.47-0.83). The SCB score was 17 points, with an AUC of 0.66 (95 % CI 0.55-0.77). Conclusion: The PCS-Arg is a responsive instrument. The discriminative ability of the values to identify the MCID and SCB was poor. These results will allow for interpreting the impact of different treatments aimed at targeting catastrophizing, as well as enhancing future clinical trials on subjects with CLBP.

Resumen Introducción/Objetivo: Las 4Fs del marketing digital -flujo, funcionalidad, feedback y fidelización-hacen la comunicación atractiva y efectiva en los recursos digitales. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar las 4Fs del marketing digital en una empresa hotelera del sector ecoturístico en México, validando un modelo de medición y analizando el posicionamiento de la marca y la relación vinculante entre estas variables. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Los participantes fueron 280 seguidores de la página de Facebook de la empresa. Se utilizó un cuestionario con 21 ítems, empleando análisis factorial confirmatorio con el método de máxima verosimilitud para determinar la validez de constructo y el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para la fiabilidad. Resultados: El análisis de correlación de Pearson mostró una relación significativa alta entre las 4Fs del marketing digital y el posicionamiento de marca: flujo (0.808), funcionalidad (0.829), feedback (0.885) y fidelización (0.864). Todas las correlaciones son significativas al nivel 0.01 (bilateral). Conclusiones: Se corroboró que los esfuerzos de la empresa en sus sitios web para lograr que los clientes experimenten una interacción agradable y una búsqueda de información efectiva influyen significativamente en la creación de recuerdos y asociaciones con la marca.

Abstract Introduction/Objective: The 4Fs of digital marketing - flow, functionality, feedback, and loyalty - enhance effective and appealing communication across digital platforms. This study aims to evaluate the application of the 4Fs model in a Mexico-based ecotourism hotel, validating its measurement framework and analyzing the relationship between these variables and brand positioning. Methodology: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational approach was employed. The study surveyed 280 followers of the company's Facebook page, using a 21-item questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation assessed construct validity, while Cronbach's alpha coefficient measured reliability. Results: Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong, significant relationship between the 4Fs of digital marketing and brand positioning: flow (0.808), functionality (0.829), feedback (0.885), and loyalty (0.864). All correlations were statistically significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed). Conclusions: The study affirmed that the company's efforts on its websites to foster pleasant user interaction and effective information retrieval significantly contribute to creating memorable brand associations.

Resumo O comportamento alimentar pode exercer uma influência substancial no desenvolvimento da obesidade, uma condição intrinsecamente ligada a um espetro de comorbilidades (e.g., cancro, doenças cardiovasculares, endócrinas). A obesidade é mais prevalente nas mulheres de meia-idade, particularmente durante a menopausa, coincidindo com um aumento da incidência de comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar a estrutura fatorial e as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa do Three Fator Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) em mulheres de meia-idade. Um total de 1895 mulheres portuguesas de meia-idade (M=52,22 anos, DP=5,10) preencheram um questionário sociodemográfico e o TFEQ-R21, composto por 21 itens, distribuídos por três dimensões (restrição cognitiva, descontrolo alimentar e alimentação emocional). Foram realizadas análises descritivas, validade de construto, de critério, e fiabilidade, através do R-Lavaan. O modelo de estrutura de três fatores apresentou um bom ajustamento (Comparative Fit Index=0,97; Tucker-Lewis Index=0,97; Root mean square error of approximation= 0,08 (p<0,001); Standardized root mean square residual=0,07). O TFEQ-R21 apresenta evidências de validade convergente (variância extraída da média: 0,41<VEM<0,80) e fiabilidade (α de Cronbach: 0,82<α<0,96, e ómega de McDonald: 0,66<ω<0,92). O TFEQ-R21 apresentou evidências de validade e fiabilidade com invariância entre mulheres com e sem obesidade, na avaliação do comportamento alimentar em mulheres de meia-idade. É um instrumento útil no domínio das intervenções de gestão de peso, facilitando a identificação e a atenuação de comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais, especialmente durante esta fase da vida.

Abstract Eating behaviour can exert a substantial influence on the development of obesity, a condition intricately linked with a spectrum of comorbidities (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine disorders). Obesity is more prevalent among middle-aged women, particularly during menopause, coinciding with an increase in the incidence of disordered eating behaviours. This study aims to identify the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) in middle-aged women. A total of 1895 middle-aged Portuguese women (M=52.22 years, SD=5.10) completed a sociodemographic questionnaire alongside the TFEQ-R21, comprising 21 items distributed across three dimensions (cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating). Descriptive analyses, construct and criterion validities, and reliability were performed using the R-Lavaan. The three-factor structure model presented a good fit (Comparative Fit Index=0.97; Tucker-Lewis Index=0.97; Root mean square error of approximation=0.08 (p<.001); Standardized root mean square residual=0.07). The TFEQ-R21 attests to its convergent validity (average variance extracted: 0.41<AVE<0.80) and reliability (Cronbach´s α: 0.82<α<0.96, and McDonald´s omega: 0.66<ω<0.92). The TFEQ-R21 tool has shown evidence of validity and reliability, displaying invariance between obese and normative women when assessing eating behaviour among middle-aged women. It offers valuable utility within the domain of weight management interventions, facilitating the identification and mitigation of dysfunctional eating behaviours, especially during this life stage.

Resumo A conceção de programas de promoção do bem-estar para companheiros de mulheres diagnosticadas com cancro da mama implica a existência de instrumentos de medida específicos, que considerem os domínios efetivamente relevantes para esta população. O objetivo deste estudo exploratório foi construir e validar uma escala para avaliar o impacto do diagnóstico e tratamento do cancro da mama nos companheiros. Uma amostra de conveniência de 84 companheiros de mulheres que tiveram diagnóstico de cancro da mama respondeu ao questionário desenvolvido no presente estudo, questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de qualidade de vida do familiar/cuidador do doente oncológico (CQOLC) e versão portuguesa da Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Foi desenvolvida a Escala de Avaliação do Impacto do Cancro da Mama nos Companheiros (EAICMC), com 24 itens, organizados em três fatores. A EAICMC revelou boa fiabilidade (α = 0,82). A correlação item-total e item-subescalas comprovou a sua aceitável validade interna convergente/discriminante e a distribuição das respostas pelos seus itens demonstrou que possui uma razoável sensibilidade. A correlação entre os scores obtidos na EAICMC, HADS e CQOLC confirmou a validade externa da escala. Trata-se de um instrumento bem aceite e que poderá ser útil para a prática clínica.

Abstract The design of wellbeing promotion programs for the partners of women diagnosed with breast cancer requires the existence of specific measuring instruments that take into account the domains that are actually relevant to this population. The aim of this exploratory study was to construct and validate a scale to assess the impact of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment on partners. A convenience sample of 84 partners of women diagnosed with breast cancer answered the questionnaire developed in this study, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Cancer Patient Family/Caregiver Quality of Life Scale (CQOLC) and the Portuguese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The Assessment of the Impact of Breast Cancer on Companions Scale (EAICMC) was developed, with 24 items, organized into three factors. The EAICMC showed good reliability (α=0.82). The item-total and item-subscale correlation proved its acceptable convergent/discriminant internal validity and the distribution of responses across its items showed that it has reasonable sensitivity. The correlation between the scores obtained on the EAICMC, HADS and CQOLC confirmed the scale's external validity. It is a well-accepted instrument that could be useful in clinical practice.

Introduction: People with colorectal cancer (CRC) can present adverse effects, impairing the quality of life related to health (HRQoL). Objective: To validate the QLQ-CR29 module for the assessment of HRQoL, in Chile. Materials and method: Cross-sectional study that included 170 people with CRC. The internal consistency and construct validity (hypothesis tests) were analyzed. Results: 117 patients (68.8%) were evaluated before surgery and 53 (31.2%) after tumor resection. The internal consistency of the QLQCR29 was α = 0.838. The proposed hypotheses were confirmed: The patients evaluated before surgery complained more of "blood/mucus in the stool", "abdominal pain", "hair loss" and "abdominal swelling", while the patients evaluated after presented more "fecal incontinence" (p < 0.05). Before surgery, patients with rectal cancer presented higher values of "urinary frequency", "frequency of stools", "pain in the buttocks", "taste problems" and "embarrassment"; while those with colon cancer complained more of "blood/mucus in stool" (p < 0.05). After surgery, patients with CCR had higher "stool frequency", "flatus" and "embarrassment" (p = 0.004) compared with those with colon cancer (p < 0.05). Ostomized patients presented more "fecal incontinence" and "embarrassment" (p < 0.001). Low significant correlations were observed between most of the dimensions of the QLQ CR29 with the dimensions of the QLQ C30. Conclusion: The Chilean version of the QLQ CR29 module is adequate to assess HRQoL in people with CRC.

Resumen Introducción: Personas con cáncer colorrectal (CCR) pueden presentar efectos adversos, perjudicando la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud (CVRS). Objetivo: Validar el módulo QLQ CR29 para evaluación de la CVRS, en Chile. Materiales y método: Estudio transversal que incluyó 170 personas con CCR. Se analizaron la consistencia interna y validez de constructo del instrumento con test de hipótesis. Resultados: 117 personas (68,8%) fueron evaluadas antes de la cirugía y 53 (31,2%) después de la cirugía. La consistencia interna del QLQ CR29 fue α = 0,838. Fueron comprobadas las hipótesis planteadas: Los pacientes evaluados antes de la cirugía se quejaron más de "sangre/mucosidad en las heces", "dolor abdominal", "pérdida de cabello" e "hinchazón abdominal", mientras que los pacientes evaluados después presentaron más "incontinencia fecal" (p < 0,05). Antes de la cirugía, los pacientes con cáncer de recto CCR presentaron mayores valores de "frecuencia urinaria", "frecuencia de deposiciones", "dolor en las nalgas", "problemas con el gusto" y "vergüenza"; mientras que aquellos con cáncer de colon que se quejaban más de "sangre/mucosidad en las heces" (p < 0,05). Después de la cirugía, los pacientes con cáncer de recto tenían mayor "frecuencia de deposiciones", "eliminación de gases" y "vergüenza" (p = 0,004) en comparación con los con cáncer de colon (p < 0,05). Los pacientes ostomizados presentaron más "incontinencia fecal" y "vergüenza" (p < 0,001). Fueron observadas correlaciones positivas y negativas bajas entre la mayoría de las dimensiones del QLQ CR29 con las dimensiones del QLQ C30. Conclusión: La versión chilena del módulo QLQ CR29 es adecuada para evaluar la CVRS en personas con CCR.

Resumen: Se presenta un estudio psicométrico por procedimientos confirmatorios de la Escala de Desempeño Laboral de Koopmans, Bernaards, Hildebrandt, Van Buu ren, Van der Beek y De Vet (2013) en su versión argentina realizada por Gabini y Salessi (2016) con el objetivo de obtener la validez de constructo en apego a la estructura original y validez de criterio concurrente a través de correlación con la escala de Expectativas Laborales (Villa-George, Moreno-Jiménez, Rodríguez-Muñoz y Villalpando, 2011). Se utilizó un diseño no experimental-transversal y se aplicó el muestreo de bola de nieve. La muestra estuvo constituida por 404 profesionistas del Valle de México que se encontraban laborando en teletrabajo. Se analizó la estructura de tres factores (rendimiento en la tarea, comportamientos contraproducentes y rendimiento en el contexto) y con 12 ítems, los resultados indican una buena fiabilidad del instrumento, un ajuste adecuado del modelo a los datos, y pertinente validez de constructo convergente. Se considera que la escala es un instrumento recomendable para la evaluación del Desempeño Laboral en profesionistas mexicanos.

Abstract: A psychometric study is presented using confirmatory procedures of the Work Performance Scale of Koopmans, Bernaards, Hildebrandt, Van Buuren, Van der Beek y De Vet (2013) in its Argentine version carried out by Gabini y Salessi (2016) to obtain construct validity in accordance with the original structure and concurrent criterion validity through correlation with the Work Expectations scale (Villa-George, Moreno-Jiménez, Rodríguez-Muñoz, y Villalpando, 2011). A non-experimental-cross-sectional design was used and snowball sampling was applied. The sample was made up of 404 professionals from the Valley of Mexico who were working remotely. The three-factor structure was analyzed (performance in the task, counterproductive behaviors and performance in the context) and with 12 items, the results indicate good reliability of the instrument, an adequate fit of the model to the data, and relevant convergent construct validity. It is considered that the scale is a recommended instrument for the evaluation of Work Performance in Mexican professionals.