Resumen Los planes de ordenamiento social de la propiedad rural (POSPR) en Colombia permitirían la implementación de la reforma rural integral (RRI), componente esencial del Acuerdo de Paz. De manera puntual, se argumenta que el diseño institucional del POSPR de Ovejas, municipio del Departamento de Sucre, posibilitaría la ejecución de la RRI. La información de entrevistas a actores clave, la revisión de legislación nacional y la elaboración de matrices en un software muestran que, en esta localidad, los planes de incorporación de hectáreas al Fondo de Tierras y de entrega de títulos de propiedad fortalecen la participación comunitaria con equidad de género y garantiza el ordenamiento del territorio. No obstante, la suspensión paulatina a escala nacional de estos planes ha detenido el avance de la reforma rural. Ovejas sería el único municipio que estaría cumpliendo con este punto del Acuerdo de Paz.

Abstract The Plans for the Social Organization of Rural Property (POSPR) in Colombia would allow the implementation of the Integral Rural Reform (RRI), an essential component of the Peace Agreements. Specifically, POSPR’s institutional design in Ovejas (a municipality in the Department of Sucre) would enable the implementation of the RRI. Information from interviews with key actors, the review of national legislation, and the use of software to elaborate databases show that, in this locality, plans to incorporate hectares into the Land Fund and the delivery of land titles strengthen community participation with gender equity and guarantee territorial planning. However, the gradual suspension of these plans at the national level has halted the progress of rural reform. Ovejas would be the only municipality complying with this point of the Peace Agreements.

Abstract: The urban-rural conflicts in the city of Santo Tomás have contributed to the disorderly growth of the population, due in part to the deficiencies of urban planning and especially due to the territorial conflict. The study has focused on the urban-rural relationship (district and provincial capital versus peasant community) that is framed in a scenario of rapid growth of the city towards the territory of the peasant community. The objective of this study was to identify deficiencies in territorial and urban management, as well as their relationship with regulatory mechanisms related to urban development. The work methodology consisted of the analysis of the legal instruments for urban management and territorial management by the peasant community; For this, interviews were carried out with key social actors. The results indicate a gap in these aspects in Peruvian legislation, as well as a complex network of interests that does not contribute to the resolution of urban management problems.

Resumen: Los conflictos urbano-rurales en la ciudad de Santo Tomás han contribuido al desordenado crecimiento de la población, debido en parte a las deficiencias de la planificación urbana y sobre todo por el conflicto territorial. El estudio se ha enfocado en la relación urbano-rural (capital distrital y provincial versus comunidad campesina) que se enmarca en un escenario de rápido crecimiento de la ciudad hacia el territorio de la comunidad campesina. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las deficiencias en la gestión territorial y urbana, como su relación con los mecanismos normativos conexos con el desarrollo urbano. La metodología de trabajo consistió en el análisis de los instrumentos legales para la gestión urbana como de la gestión territorial por la comunidad campesina; para ello se realizó entrevistas a los actores sociales claves. Los resultados indican un vacío en estos aspectos en la legislación peruana, así como un complejo entramado de intereses que no contribuye a la resolución de los problemas de la gestión urbana.

Resumen Este estudio explora la compleja interacción entre tiempo y espacio en el contexto de la reconstrucción post-desastre e introduce una perspectiva novedosa que trasciende las concepciones estáticas tradicionales asociadas con la arquitectura y la planificación urbana. A través de un análisis multiescala que integra dimensiones temporales (memoria, observación y proyección) con escalas espaciales que van desde edificaciones individuales hasta el tejido urbano más amplio, los resultados muestran que la reconstrucción no es meramente un proceso de reconstrucción física, sino también un acto de resignificar y reinterpretar el tiempo y el espacio. Se introduce el concepto de “tiempo cero” como un momento de estasis que precede a la reconstrucción, mientras que el “movimiento” se analiza como una metáfora del viaje hacia una renovada armonía espacial y social. Este artículo destaca la influencia mutua entre las prácticas de reconstrucción y las percepciones temporales y espaciales de los individuos, y sugiere enfoques de planificación que valoran la temporalidad y la flexibilidad espacial. Contribuyendo al debate sobre la resiliencia urbana, esta investigación ofrece perspectivas para enfoques de reconstrucción post-desastre sostenibles, inclusivos y arraigados en la comunidad.

Resumo Este estudo explora a complexa interação entre tempo e espaço no contexto da reconstrução pós-desastre e introduz uma perspectiva inovadora que transcende as concepções estáticas tradicionais associadas à arquitetura e ao planejamento urbano. Por meio de uma análise multiescala que integra dimensões temporais (memória, observação e projeção) com escalas espaciais que vão desde edificações individuais até o tecido urbano mais amplo, os resultados mostram que a reconstrução não é meramente um processo de reconstrução física, mas também um ato de ressignificar e reinterpretar o tempo e o espaço. Introduz-se o conceito de "tempo zero" como ummomento de estase que precede a reconstrução, enquanto o "movimento" é analisado como uma metáfora da jornada em direção a uma harmonia espacial e social renovada.Este artigo destaca a influência mútua entre as práticasde reconstrução e as percepções temporais e espaciaisdos indivíduos, sugerindo abordagens de planejamentoque valorizam a temporalidade e a flexibilidade espacial.Contribuindo para o debate sobre resiliência urbana,esta pesquisa oferece perspectivas para abordagensde reconstrução pós-desastre sustentáveis, inclusivas eenraizadas na comunidade.

Abstract This study explores the complex interplay between time and space in the context of post-disaster reconstruction and introduces a novel perspective that transcends the traditional static conceptions associated with architecture and urban planning. Through a multiscale analysis integrating temporal dimensions (memory, observation, and projection) with spatial scales ranging from individual buildings to the broader urban fabric, results show that reconstruction is not merely a physical rebuilding process but also an act of resignifying and reinterpreting time and space. The concept of “zero time” is introduced as a moment of stasis preceding reconstruction, while “movement” is analyzed as a metaphor for the journey toward a renewed spatial and social harmony. This article highlights the mutual influence between reconstruction practices and in-dividuals’ temporal and spatial perceptions and suggests planning approaches that value tem-porality and spatial flexibility. Contributing to the urban resilience debate, this research provides insights for sustainable, inclusive, and community-rooted post-disaster reconstruction ap-proaches.Temporal and spatial dynamics in post-disaster reconstruction: a reflection on multiscale interactions.

Research that directs the way stakeholders act and how they collaborate is essential when addressing complex environmental challenges in the field of sustainability science. For example, researchers attempting to manage Prosopis invasions through biological control in South Africa have historically faced challenges from stakeholders. In this study we illustrate the importance of stakeholder engagement and social learning by outlining the collaborative efforts of various stakeholders to promote effective, integrative and sustainable management of Prosopis invasions in the Northern Cape, South Africa. Through a community of practice approach, stakeholders worked together over the past half-decade in an attempt to develop a National Strategy for Prosopis management and improve its control. This strategy aimed not only to emphasise the need for integration of biomass use (aimed at offsetting the costs of mechanical clearing and necessary herbicide use) but also to underscore the significance of biocontrol alongside other management approaches. Stakeholders also identified that adequate farm-scale planning is necessary to provide a sense of purpose and assist in monitoring of progress. We worked alongside land managers and experts to develop such plans. The engagement of local champions played a crucial role in facilitating collaboration and learning among stakeholders, emphasising the significance of inclusive approaches in addressing complex sustainability challenges. In addition, we gained an understanding of how to develop the community of practice to enhance collaboration that ensures the implementation of plans to better manage Prosopis. Our findings underscore the necessity of meaningful stakeholder engagement and collaboration in effective invasive species management. By promoting understanding and involvement of diverse stakeholders, initiatives can have a greater impact in addressing broader sustainability issues. SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings highlight the fundamental role of stakeholder collaboration in addressing environmental challenges (e.g. biological invasions), promoting sustainability and fostering social learning. Collaboration facilitates exchange of knowledge, promotes social learning and allows stakeholders to make informed decisions when addressing sustainability issues. Collaborative approaches promote the effectiveness of a community of practice in managing Prosopis invasions in South Africa. Local champions played a pivotal role in facilitating collaboration, bridging communication gaps and promoting inclusive approaches. Sustained stakeholder engagement, transdisciplinary collaborations, effective biological control and market development for biomass products will be essential to improve the sustainable management Prosopis.

Autonomous electric vehicles use camera sensors for vision-based steering control and detecting both roads and objects. In this study, road and object detection are combined, utilizing the YOLOv8x-seg model trained for 200 epochs, achieving the lowest segmentation loss at 0.53182. Simulation tests demonstrate accurate road and object detection, effective object distance measurement, and real-time road identification for steering control, successfully keeping the vehicle on track with an average object distance measurement error of 2.245 m. Route planning for autonomous vehicles is crucial, and the A-Star algorithm is employed to find the optimal route. In real-time tests, when an obstacle is placed between nodes 6 and 7, the A-Star algorithm can reroute from the original path (5, 6, 7, 27, and 28) to a new path (5, 6, 9, 27, and 28). This study demonstrates the vital role of sensor fusion in autonomous vehicles by integrating various sensors. This study focuses on sensor fusion for object-road detection and path planning using the A* algorithm. Real-time tests in two different scenarios demonstrate the successful integration of sensor fusion, enabling the vehicle to follow planned routes. However, some route nodes remain unreachable, requiring occasional driver intervention. These results demonstrate the feasibility of sensor fusion with diverse tasks in third-level autonomous vehicles.

Abstract The article shows how to design and evaluate the strategic vision for the Rural Urban Fringe in Adelia María, Córdoba, Argentina, and signify the commitments to the SDG 2030 agenda. Although the local periurban presents uses that synergize its operation, the community perceives unfavorable use that are not complementary (for example, bad odors from local production). A multicriteria stepwise procedure was used to design the vision and engage stakeholders. First, problems and aspirations were identified through interviews. Second, four RUF visions with strategic land uses were designed and evaluated. Third, the visions were evaluated with the PROMETHEE method. The results show that the actors want a RUF model that exceeds the trend. The chosen vision is complementary. Locate an industrial estate and take advantage of a forest area to reduce odors and noise. Additionally, it densifies future settlements on vacant land and expands the urban area by just 11% to include scattered residences. It locates 19 ha of agricultural parks and distributes recreational areas in the urban sprawl. The vision requires political efforts, and investments and shows how to signify the SDG 2030. The actors positively valued the planning process and how to agree on solutions to structural problems of the territory.

Resumen El artículo muestra cómo diseñar y evaluar la visión estratégica para la Franja Urbana Rural en Adelia María, Córdoba, Argentina, y significar los compromisos con la agenda ODS 2030. Si bien el periurbano local presenta usos que sinergizan su funcionamiento, la comunidad percibe como desfavorables a usos que no son complementarios (por ejemplo malos olores de producciones de proximidad). Se utilizó un procedimiento multicriterio por fases para diseñar la visión e involucrar a actores. Primero, se identificaron problemas y aspiraciones con entrevistas. Segundo, se diseñaron y valoraron cuatro visiones de Franja Urbana Rural con usos del suelo estratégicos. Tercero, se evaluaron las visiones con el método PROMETHEE. Los resultados muestran que los actores desean un modelo de Franja Urbana Rural que supere a la tendencia. La visión elegida es complementaria, y localiza un parque industrial y aprovecha un área forestal para reducir olores, ruidos. También, densifica el poblamiento futuro sobre tierras vacantes y amplía el ejido solo 11% para incluir residencias dispersas. Ubica 19 ha de parques agrarios y distribuye áreas recreativas en la mancha urbana. La visión requiere esfuerzos políticos, inversiones y muestra como significar ODS 2030. Los actores valoraron positivamente el proceso de planificación y como consensuar soluciones a problemas estructurales del territorio.

Resumo O artigo mostra como desenhar e avaliar a visão estratégica para a Faixa Rural Urbana de Adelia María, em Córdoba, Argentina, e significar os compromissos com a agenda dos ODS 2030. Embora o periurbano local apresente usos que sinergizam seu funcionamento, o a comunidade considera desfavoráveis aqueles usos que não são complementares (por exemplo, maus odores provenientes da produção local). Foi utilizado um procedimento multicritério faseado para conceber a visão e envolver os intervenientes. Primeiro, os problemas e aspirações foram identificados através de entrevistas. Em segundo lugar, foram concebidas e avaliadas quatro visões de Faixa Rural Urbana com usos estratégicos do solo. Terceiro, as visões foram avaliadas com o método PROMETHEE. Os resultados mostram que as partes interessadas desejam um modelo de Faixa Rural Urbana que supere a tendência. A visão escolhida é complementar. Localiza um parque industrial e aproveite uma área florestal para reduzir odores e ruídos. Além disso, adensa os futuros assentamentos em terrenos baldios e expande o ejido em apenas 11% para incluir residências dispersas. Localiza 19 hectares de parques agrícolas e distribui áreas de lazer na área urbana. A visão exige esforços políticos, investimentos e mostra como alcançar o ODS 2030. Os atores valorizaram positivamente o processo de planeamento e como chegar a acordo sobre soluções para problemas estruturais do território.

Abstract Peace education aims to influence the development of a healthy and peaceful coexistence, both in the classroom and in other broader social structures such as the family and the local and global community; It also involves motivating students to understand human rights, multiculturalism and conflict management. The funds of knowledge applied to education constitute a theoretical and methodological approach that values a nd takes into account the experiences and knowledge of families to enrich the design and implementation of sensitive and contextualized educational practices. Here we delve into the importance of implementing funds of knowledge in teaching practices as an approach that promotes peace, because it is based on the principles of inclusion, equity, participation, democracy, solidarity and respect for human rights. The funds of knowledge approach constitutes a contribution to socially just and culturally relevant education that promotes peace because, to live peacefully in a society where people of different cultures, ethnicities, ideologies and languages converge, it is important to live the experience of recognizing, value and respect diversity as the axis that drives the well-being of people and communities.

Resumen La educación para la paz tiene como objetivo incidir en el desarrollo de una convivencia sana y pacífica, tanto en el aula como en otras estructuras sociales más amplias como la familia y la comunidad local y global; implica, además, motivar a los estudiantes a comprender los derechos humanos, la multiculturalidad y el manejo de conflictos. Los fondos de conocimiento aplicados a la educación constituyen un enfoque teórico y metodológico que valora y toma en cuenta las experiencias y conocimientos de las familias para enriquecer el diseño e implementación de prácticas educativas sensibles y contextualizadas. Aquí se profundiza en la importancia de la implementación de los fondos de conocimiento en las prácticas docentes como un enfoque que promueve la paz, porque se basa en los principios de inclusión, equidad, participación, democracia, solidaridad y respeto a los derechos humanos. El enfoque de fondos de conocimiento constituye un aporte a la educación socialmente justa y culturalmente relevante que promueve la paz porque, para convivir de forma pacífica en una sociedad donde convergen personas de diferentes culturas, etnias, ideologías e idiomas, es importante vivir la experiencia de reconocer, valorar y respetar la diversidad como eje que impulsa el bienestar de las personas y las comunidades.

Resumen El artículo se centra en el análisis de la percepción del equipo docente sobre la utilización, desafíos y pertinencia de actividades lúdicas en bachillerato en la “Unidad Educativa Dr. Bruno Sánchez Carreño”, ubicada en Manabí, Ecuador. Se efectuaron encuestas y entrevistas a los 20 docentes que integran este equipo, buscando la exploración, evaluación y la descripción de sus opiniones para entender la relevancia de esta estrategia desde la mirada del profesorado. Mientras algunos ven estas actividades como efectivas para fomentar la participación y aprendizaje significativo, otros muestran resistencia y mantienen posturas tradicionales. Se destaca la planificación cuidadosa y la necesidad de abordar las preocupaciones y resistencias para garantizar su efectividad en el proceso educativo por medio de capacitación constante y participación activa de toda la comunidad educativa.

Abstract The article delves into the analysis of the teaching team’s perception regarding the use, challenges, and relevance of ludic activities in high school at the “Unidad Educativa Dr. Bruno Sánchez Carreño”, located in Manabí, Ecuador. Surveys and interviews were conducted with the 20 teachers comprising this team, aiming to explore, evaluate, and describe these opinions to understand the relevance of this strategy from the faculty’s perspective. While some view these activities as effective in fostering participation and meaningful learning, others show resistance and maintain traditional positions. Careful planning is highlighted, as well as the need to address concerns and resistance to ensure their effectiveness in the educational process through constant training and active participation of the entire educational community.

Abstract In the face of profound changes and needs in rural environments, tourism represents a holistic development alternative for the use of resources and social cohesion that generates benefits. In the Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve in Querétaro, Mexico, several community-based tourism ventures have recently been integrated but work in a disjointed manner, limiting their strengthening and consolidation. The objective of the present study was to analyze whether the integration of a network can be a tool for local development in the region. Through participatory action research with a constructivist approach and techniques such as semi-structured interviews, community workshops and participatory observation, the visionary perspective of the communities, entrepreneurs, and the main public, private and governmental institutional actors at the local level was rescued. The results highlight cooperativism, from a theoretical perspective, as a cornerstone of community tourism, where social cohesion generates better results. On the other hand, from practice, the Network was formed with self-management and protagonism of the community, in a solidary, viable and environmentally responsible tourism activity. It is concluded by visualizing that planning from the cooperation among diverse actors can achieve a development with a sustainable approach.

Resumo Diante das profundas mudanças e necessidades nos ambientes rurais, o turismo representa uma alternativa de desenvolvimento holístico para o uso de recursos e coesão social que gera benefícios. Na Reserva da Biosfera de Sierra Gorda, em Querétaro, México, várias empresas de turismo comunitário foram recentemente integradas, mas funcionam de forma desarticulada, limitando seu fortalecimento e consolidação. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se a integração de uma rede pode ser uma ferramenta para o desenvolvimento local na região. Por meio de pesquisa-ação participativa com uma abordagem construtivista e técnicas como entrevistas semiestruturadas, oficinas comunitárias e observação participativa, foi recuperada a perspectiva visionária das comunidades, dos empresários e dos principais atores institucionais públicos, privados e governamentais em nível local. Os resultados destacam o cooperativismo, a partir de uma perspectiva teórica, como a pedra angular do turismo de base comunitária, em que a coesão social gera melhores resultados. Por outro lado, do ponto de vista prático, a Rede foi formada com autogestão e protagonismo da comunidade, em uma atividade turística solidária, viável e ambientalmente responsável. Conclui-se visualizando que o planejamento baseado na cooperação entre diferentes atores pode alcançar o desenvolvimento com uma abordagem sustentável.

Resumen Ante los profundos cambios y necesidades en los entornos rurales, el turismo representa una alternativa de desarrollo holístico para el aprovechamiento de recursos y cohesión social que generen beneficios. En la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra Gorda en Querétaro, México, recientemente se han integrado diversos emprendimientos turísticos de base comunitaria que trabajan inconexos, limitando su fortalecimiento y consolidación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si la integración de una red puede ser una herramienta que propicie el desarrollo local en la región. A través de la investigación-acción participativa con enfoque constructivista y técnicas como la entrevista semiestructurada, talleres comunitarios y observación participativa, se rescata la perspectiva visionaria de las comunidades, emprendedores, los principales actores institucionales públicos, privados y de gobierno a nivel local. Los resultados destacan al cooperativismo, desde la perspectiva teórica, como pieza medular del turismo comunitario, donde la cohesión social genera mejores resultados. Por otro lado, desde la práctica se conformó la Red con autogestión y protagonismo de la comunidad, en una actividad turística solidaria, viable y ambientalmente responsable. Se concluye visualizando que la planeación desde la cooperación entre diversos actores puede lograr un desarrollo con enfoque sustentable.

Abstract This document focuses on urban dispersion and accessibility in the Metropolitan Zone of the Valley of Mexico and its influence on the university student population. This is achieved through the analysis of three groups of data: mobility surveys of the student community, school performance monitoring data provided by the University, and data from Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) on the location of main transportation in the city. The research provides results on the geographical dispersion of students, their dependence on the public transportation system, and how this situation is related to accessibility and academic performance, particularly in the case of students with greater lag. Finally, the importance of implementing these studies in businesses and schools that will contribute to the development of transportation and urban planning policies that reduce social disparities and improve mobility in the urban environment is highlighted.

Resumen Este documento aborda la relación entre dispersión urbana y accesibilidad en la zona metropolitana del Valle de México, junto a su influencia en la población estudiantil universitaria. Esto se logra a partir del análisis de tres grupos de datos: encuestas de movilidad a la comunidad estudiantil; datos de seguimiento del desempeño escolar aportados por la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana; y datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) sobre la ubicación de los principales transportes de la ciudad. La investigación aporta resultados sobre la dispersión geográfica de los estudiantes, su dependencia al sistema de transporte público y sobre cómo esta situación se relaciona con la accesibilidad y el rendimiento académico, particularmente en el caso de los estudiantes con más rezago. Finalmente, se subraya la importancia de implementar estos estudios en empresas y escuelas que trabajen en la elaboración de políticas de transporte y planificación urbana para reducir las disparidades sociales y mejorar la movilidad en el entorno urbano.

RESUMEN La Expresión Corporal como vía para el desarrollo de capacidades y habilidades en el individuo es una opción interesante si se relaciona con el tema de la recreación desde actividades lúdicas y la consolidación de saberes como parte del proceso enseñanza -aprendizaje, al que están implícito los niños del segundo ciclo de la enseñanza primaria. Se pretende: Proponer un programa taller de Expresión Corporal, para el apoyo al proceso enseñanza- aprendizaje y la recreación sana de niños entre 9 a 13 años, de la comunidad. Se tuvieron en cuenta métodos de investigación como: el análisis- síntesis, inductivo deductivo, la modelación teórica, análisis documental, la encuesta y la entrevista, los cuales posibilitaron que se cumplimentara el objetivo. La planificación y diseño del programa taller constituye parte de los resultados, el cual también refleja la relevancia de la Expresión Corporal desde sus múltiples dimensiones como propuesta que contribuye a la mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y espacios de esparcimiento para niños. Su implementación es desde la Extensión Universitaria como curso de verano y constituye una alternativa de recreación que no tiene precedente en la universidad del Deporte Cubano.

ABSTRACT Body Expression as a way for the development of capacities and abilities in the individual is an interesting option if it is related to the theme of recreation from playful activities and the consolidation of knowledge as part of the teaching-learning process in which children in the 2nd cycle of primary education are involved. The aim of this research is to: Propose a Corporal Expression workshop program to support the teaching-learning process and the healthy recreation of children between 9 and 13 years of age in the community. Research methods taken into account were: analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive, theoretical modeling, documentary analysis, survey and interview, which made it possible to achieve the objective. The planning and design of the workshop program is part of the results, which also reflects the relevance of Corporal Expression from its multiple dimensions as a proposal that contributes to the improvement of the teaching-learning process and recreational spaces for children. Its implementation is from the University Extension as a summer course and constitutes a recreational alternative that has no precedent in the Cuban Sport University.

BACKGROUND: Despite inpatient rehabilitation many stroke survivors struggle with community reintegration on returning home. The environment to which the stroke survivor returns affects and may limit participation in home and community-based activities. AIM: To describe stroke survivors' lived experiences of the environmental barriers and facilitators to community reintegration in an under resourced urban metropolitan sub-district in the Western Cape, South Africa. METHODS: A descriptive, qualitative study design with a phenomenological emphasis used semi-structured interviews to collect the data from purposefully selected stroke survivors who had been discharged for more than one year following inpatient rehabilitation. Supporting data were collected from interviews with two occupational therapists providing rehabilitation services to the stroke survivors. Deductive priori coding of semi-structured interviews with 11 stroke survivors, based on the environment subsystems described in the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP) model explored the barriers and facilitators to their community reintegration. FINDINGS: Of the six environmental sub systems in the PEOP model the systems and policy, access to information and health education, social determinants of health in the form of poor rehabilitation planning and loss of income as well as the built and natural environment presented the greatest barriers to the stroke survivor participants' community reintegration. However, reintegration was facilitated by social support and social capital, social determinants of health in the form of support groups as well as assistive technologies. CONCLUSION: Community reintegration continues to be a challenge for stroke survivors in an under-resourced urban sub-district due to environmental barriers associated with factors such as poor social support, inadequate implementation of policies and systems, poor compliance with home programmes, low socioeconomic status, poor access within the built and natural environment and inappropriate assistive devices. Several facilitators that occupational therapists can focus on to enable community reintegration included ensuring effective social support, access to community-based organisations, the introduction of home visits and provision of appropriate assistive devices. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE All stroke survivors must receive a comprehensive discharge plan to facilitate adequate access to continued rehabilitation and support for successful community reintegration. • There must be a specific referral to primary health care rehabilitation services on discharge from hospital. • Occupational therapists at community level have the responsibility to: o advocate for, or assist stroke survivors to self-advocate, the removal of inter-sectoral environmental barriers that limit their community reintegration and community participation, o where possible provide services in the home and involve midlevel workers when conducting home visits to enable successful reintegration into the home and resumption of occupational roles where possible, o look to other resources in their community that can assist in facilitating the community reintegration of stroke survivors to enable access to health, education, productive activities, and social and leisure participation opportunities, o improve their collaboration with the communities that they service.

RESUMO Em meio a pautas sustentáveis, as fontes de energia renováveis apresentam um forte papel, em especial, a energia eólica. No entanto, a implantação dos empreendimentos eólicos produz transformações nas comunidades, causando impactos em diferentes áreas e processos de vulnerabilização. O estudo objetiva problematizar os relatos da população camponesa referentes aos processos de vulnerabilização em área de influência da implantação dos empreendimentos eólicos em um município pernambucano. Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em uma comunidade camponesa localizada no município de Caetés, Pernambuco, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante entrevista semiestruturada. A análise de dados partiu da técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Observou-se que a chegada e o funcionamento dos aerogeradores coincidiram com o surgimento de sinais e sintomas, como os problemas auditivos e de pele, ansiedade, tontura e cefaleia. Tal situação permite considerar uma provável ligação entre os impactos causados pelas torres eólicas, já descritos na literatura, com aqueles presentes nos relatos dos participantes. É necessário prudência no momento de planejamento e construção de complexos eólicos, uma vez que tais agravos à saúde podem se comportar como temporários ou permanentes, levando a comunidade local a um sofrimento constante. sustentáveis papel especial eólica entanto comunidades pernambucano Tratase Trata observacional qualitativa Caetés Pernambuco Brasil semiestruturada temática Observouse Observou sintomas pele ansiedade cefaleia eólicas literatura participantes permanentes constante

ABSTRACT Amid sustainable agendas, renewable energy sources play a strong role, especially wind energy. However, the implementation of wind farms produces transformations in communities, causing impacts in different areas and vulnerability processes. The study aims to problematize the reports of the peasant population regarding the processes of vulnerability in the area of influence of the implementation of wind farms in a municipality in Pernambuco. This is an observational, descriptive research with a qualitative approach, carried out in a peasant community, located in the municipality of Caetés, Pernambuco, Brazil. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was based on the content analysis technique in the thematic modality. It was observed that the arrival and operation of the wind turbines coincided with the emergence of signs and symptoms, such as hearing and skin problems, anxiety, dizziness and headache. This situation allows us to consider a probable connection between the impacts caused by wind towers, already described in the literature, and those present in the participants’ reports. Prudence is necessary when planning and building wind farms, since such health problems can be temporary or permanent, leading the local community to constant suffering. agendas role However communities Pernambuco observational approach Caetés Brazil semistructured semi structured interviews modality symptoms anxiety headache towers literature participants permanent suffering

Sommaire Le processus de revigorer les écoles, introduit par l'autonomie et la flexibilité curriculaires, a révélé la nécessité de comprendre comment le Profil des Élèves Sortant de la Scolarité Obligatoire était mis en place par les enseignants de l’école élémentaire d'un certain groupe d'écoles de la région de Porto, également faire connaître la perception des enseignants quant au reflet de cette opérationnalisation dans l’amélioration de la qualité des apprentissages en mathématiques. Une étude de cas, dont les participants ont été sélectionnés par convenance, a été menée à cet égard, en utilisant la méthode de recherche mixte. Les données ont été recueillies à travers une enquête par questionnaire, composée de questions fermées et ouvertes, à partir de laquelle on a conduit une analyse statistique descriptive pour les données quantitatives et une analyse de contenu pour les données qualitatives. Les résultats obtenus, bien que favorables, ont révélé qu'il reste encore beaucoup à faire, tant en termes de planification et de maximisation de l'autonomie et de la flexibilité - qui peuvent être encouragées par la direction de l'école et par la communauté éducative.

Resumo O revigoramento das escolas, introduzido pela autonomia e flexibilidade curricular, tornou necessário compreender a forma como o Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória estava a ser operacionalizado pelos professores do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico de um determinado agrupamento de escolas do distrito do Porto, dando, igualmente, a conhecer a perceção dos docentes acerca do reflexo dessa operacionalização, na melhoria da qualidade das aprendizagens de Matemática. Para o efeito, foi conduzido um estudo de caso - recorrendo ao método de investigação misto -, cujos participantes foram selecionados por conveniência. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um inquérito por questionário - composto por questões de resposta fechada e aberta -, a partir do qual se realizou uma análise estatística descritiva para os dados quantitativos e uma análise de conteúdo para os qualitativos. Os resultados obtidos - apesar de favoráveis - revelaram que existe, ainda, um longo caminho a percorrer ao nível do planeamento e da maximização da autonomia e flexibilidade - que pode ser promovida pela gestão escolar e pela comunidade educativa.

Abstract The reinvigoration of schools, introduced by curricular autonomy and flexibility, revealed the need to try to understand how the Students’ Profile by the end of Compulsory Schooling was being operationalized by teachers of elementary schools of a given School Cluster in the district of Oporto. This also shows the perception of the teachers about the reflection of this operationalization in the improvement of the quality of mathematics learning. For this purpose, a case study was conducted using the mixed investigation method, and the participants were selected by convenience. The information was gathered through a questionnaire survey comprised of closed and open-ended questions, from which a descriptive statistical analysis for quantitative data and a content analysis for qualitative data were performed. The results obtained, although favourable, revealed that there is still a long way to go, both in planning and maximizing autonomy and flexibility - which can be promoted by school management and the educational community.

Resumo A geografia humana desempenha um papel fundamental na adaptação das comunidades ao meio ambiente ao longo do tempo. Ela considera aspectos como a modificação do território, a organização social e as atividades econômicas como o turismo cultural que aborda a geografia, a história e a cultura, valorizando os conhecimentos e processos das comunidades. Portanto, o presente artigo propõe um projeto para criar um Ecomuseu da cultura Chorotega na comunidade de Matambú, localizada na Unidade de Planejamento Turístico Guanacaste Sul, na Costa Rica. A proposta surge como resposta a uma necessidade da comunidade indígena de se envolver no turismo para subsistir, com o objetivo de fomentar o ecoturismo, turismo cultural e criativo no Território Indígena Chorotega Matambú (TICM) e contribuir para a melhoria das condições socioeconômicas da comunidade indígena, preservando e resgatando o senso de pertencimento do patrimônio cultural e natural por parte dos habitantes do território. Após alcançar o objetivo de criar o Ecomuseu “Los Chorotegas” na comunidade de Matambú, haverá uma melhoria na qualidade de vida. Simultaneamente, a comunidade será mais respeitada e reconhecida como a única etnia de origem Mesoamericana presente na Costa Rica.

Abstract Over time, human geography has played a fundamental role in communities’ processes of adaptation to their environment. This involves considerations spanning the modification of territories, social organization, and economic activities such as cultural tourism. This also involves understanding the geographic context of their history and culture to add value to communities’ knowledge and processes. Therefore, this article proposes the creation of a Chorotega Culture Eco-Museum in Matambú, a community located within the South Guanacaste Unit of Touristic Planning, Costa Rica. This proposal arises from the necessity of this indigenous community to be part of the tourism industry as a survival strategy. The objective is to promote ecotourism and cultural and creative tourism in the Matambú Chorotega Indigenous Territory (TICM). This initiative serves as a method to enhance the socio-economic conditions of the indigenous community while helping to preserve and rescue the sense of belonging to its cultural and natural heritage. By achieving the objective of creating “Los Chorotegas” Eco-Museum in the Matambú community, this territory and indigenous group will be respected and valued as the only remaining ethnicity of Mesoamerican origin within Costa Rica, and this recognition can improve their quality of life.

Resumen La geografía humana desempeña un papel fundamental en la adaptación de las comunidades al medio ambiente a lo largo del tiempo, considerando aspectos como la modificación del territorio, organización social, actividades económicas como el turismo cultural que aborda el contexto geográfico, historia y cultura poniendo en valor los saberes y procesos de las comunidades. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo plantea una propuesta para diseñar un Ecomuseo de la cultura Chorotega en la comunidad de Matambú ubicada en la Unidad de Planeamiento Turístico Guanacaste Sur en Costa Rica. La propuesta surge en respuesta a una necesidad de la comunidad indígena de involucrarse en el turismo para subsistir, con el objetivo de fomentar el ecoturismo, turismo cultural y creativo en el Territorio Indígena Chorotega Matambú (TICM) y contribuir al mejoramiento de las condiciones socioeconómicas de la comunidad indígena, conservando y rescatando el sentido de pertenencia del patrimonio cultural y natural por parte de los habitantes del territorio. Cumplido el objetivo de crear el Ecomuseo “Los Chorotegas” en la comunidad de Matambú, mejorará la calidad de vida y a la vez serán más respetados, visibilizados como la única etnia de origen Mesoamericana presente en Costa Rica.