ABSTRACT The 1991 constitutional reform created spaces for political participation through legal mobilization to make claims for identity-based rights that had previously remained hidden. In recent years, the High Courts in Latin America have begun presenting themselves as human rights defenders and intervening in significant political controversies. The National Gender Commission of the Colombian Judicial Branch seeks to promote the gender agenda in the judiciary by training judges who have been trying to introduce a gender perspective in their rulings. Whether or not this has contributed to eliminating the barrier to women's access to justice has yet to be determined. However, there seems to be an embarrassing gap between our commitments and daily practices regarding access to justice. Although the production of women academics in the law and gender field is extensive, most rulings do not cite it. In order to evaluate the impact of academic production on jurisprudence this research uses the methodological tools of bibliometric and dynamic analysis of rulings, revealing the jurisprudential doctrine with a gender perspective in the jurisprudential decisions of the Supreme Court of Justice between 1992 and 2022.

RESUMEN La reforma constitucional de 1991 creó espacios de participación política por medio de la movilización legal para hacer reclamos de derechos basados en la identidad que antes permanecían ocultos. En los años recientes las altas cortes en Latinoamérica han comenzado a presentarse como defensoras de los derechos humanos y a intervenir en controversias políticas significativas. La Comisión Nacional de Género de la Rama Judicial colombiana busca impulsar la agenda de género en las instancias judiciales por medio de formación a los jueces, quienes han venido realizado un esfuerzo por introducir la perspectiva de género en sus fallos. Si esto ha contribuido o no a eliminar la barrera de acceso de las mujeres a la justicia está aún por determinarse. Sin embargo, pareciera que existe una vergonzosa brecha entre nuestros compromisos y nuestras prácticas cotidianas en torno al acceso a la justicia. Aunque la producción de las académicas en el campo del derecho y género es amplia, los fallos en su mayoría no la citan. Con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto de la producción académica en la jurisprudencia, la presente investigación utiliza las herramientas metodológicas del análisis bibliométrico y dinámico de sentencias para revelar la doctrina jurisprudencial con perspectiva de género en las decisiones jurisprudenciales de la Corte Suprema de Justicia entre los años 1992 a 2022.

Abstract: This article explores the political/intellectual debates on poverty and marginalization during the crisis of the sixties in the Southern Cone. These debates have received little attention in studies on the period, which are generally concerned with issues associated with social change, the commitments of intellectuals and the legitimacy of violence. This article aims to fix this oversight by examining three spaces in which the issue of poverty was central, such as the field of sociology, Christian ecumenism and the New Latin American Cinema. While its reflections are centered on countries such as Uruguay, Argentina and Chile, its inquiry reconstructs the regional circulation of ideas among social scientists, intellectuals and filmmakers. The central hypothesis of this article is that conceptual transformations in these communities facilitated a more fluid approach by intellectuals to “radical ideas” that are generally associated with the Latin American New Left of the sixties and seventies.

Resumen: El artículo indaga los debates político-intelectuales sobre pobreza y marginalidad en la crisis de los sesenta en el Cono Sur. Dichas controversias han recibido escasa atención en los abordajes sobre la época, preocupados generalmente por temáticas asociadas al cambio social, el compromiso de los intelectuales y la legitimidad de la violencia. El trabajo propone reponer esa ausencia al examinar tres espacios donde los tópicos sobre pobreza fueron centrales, como el campo de la sociología, el ecumenismo cristiano y el nuevo cine latinoamericano. Si bien la reflexión está localizada en países como Uruguay, Argentina y Chile, la pesquisa reconstruye una circulación regional de ideas entre científicos sociales, intelectuales y realizadores cinematográficos. La hipótesis central de estudio es que las transformaciones conceptuales en esas comunidades habilitaron un acercamiento más fluido de los intelectuales con las “ideas radicales” que generalmente son asociadas a la nueva izquierda latinoamericana de los sesenta y setenta.

A Revisão Periódica Universal (UPR) do Conselho de Direitos Humanos das Nações Unidas serve como um mecanismo crucial para monitorar e promover os direitos humanos globalmente. Ela proporciona uma plataforma para que os estados-membros relatem suas práticas de direitos humanos e recebam recomendações. Este estudo avalia o engajamento da Índia com a UPR, focando em seus compromissos e ações relativos aos direitos das mulheres nos primeiros três ciclos de revisão. Questões-chave como violência contra as mulheres, igualdade de gênero e direitos à saúde e reprodutivos são analisadas criticamente para entender o progresso e os desafios persistentes. O artigo avalia em profundidade a implementação das recomendações da UPR pela Índia, destacando realizações significativas e obstáculos contínuos, oferecendo insights sobre as dimensões socio-culturais, legais e políticas que afetam os direitos das mulheres na Índia. No entanto, ainda há uma grande lacuna entre os compromissos internacionais e as realidades vividas, apesar de alguns progressos terem sido feitos. Consequentemente, esses achados exigem esforços contínuos juntamente com o apoio internacional para melhorar a condição das mulheres na Índia. Este artigo conclui com recomendações para aprimorar os futuros engajamentos da Índia com a UPR e fortalecer seu quadro para proteger e promover os direitos das mulheres.

La Revisión Periódica Universal (UPR) del Consejo de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas sirve como un mecanismo crucial para monitorear y promover los derechos humanos a nivel mundial. Proporciona una plataforma para que los estados miembros informen sobre sus prácticas de derechos humanos y reciban recomendaciones. Este estudio evalúa la participación de India en la UPR, enfocándose en sus compromisos y acciones con respecto a los derechos de las mujeres a lo largo de los primeros tres ciclos de revisión. Se analizan críticamente cuestiones clave como la violencia contra las mujeres, la igualdad de género y los derechos de salud y reproductivos para comprender el progreso y los desafíos persistentes. El documento evalúa en profundidad la implementación de las recomendaciones de la UPR por parte de India, señalando logros notables y obstáculos persistentes, al tiempo que ofrece perspectivas sobre las dimensiones socio-culturales, legales y políticas que afectan los derechos de las mujeres en India. Sin embargo, a pesar de algunos avances, sigue existiendo una gran brecha entre los compromisos internacionales y las realidades vividas. En consecuencia, estos hallazgos llaman a esfuerzos continuos junto con el apoyo internacional para mejorar la situación de las mujeres en India. Este documento concluye con recomendaciones para mejorar las futuras participaciones de India en la UPR y fortalecer su marco para proteger y promover los derechos de las mujeres.

The Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of the United Nations Human Rights Council serves as a crucial mechanism for monitoring and promoting human rights globally. It provides a platform for member states to report on their human rights practices and receive recommendations. This study evaluates India’s engagement with the UPR, focusing on its commitments and actions concerning women’s rights across the first three review cycles. Key issues such as violence against women, gender equality, and health and reproductive rights are critically analysed to understand progress and persisting challenges. The paper assesses India’s implementation of UPR recommendations in depth; pointing out noteworthy accomplishments and persisting hurdles while offering insights into socio-cultural, legal and policy dimensions affecting women’s rights in India. However, there is still a huge gap between international commitments and the lived realities despite some progress having been made. Consequently, these findings call for continuous efforts together with international support toward improving women’s status in India. This paper concludes with recommendations for enhancing India’s future engagements with the UPR and strengthening its framework for protecting and promoting women’s rights.

Abstract The article shows how to design and evaluate the strategic vision for the Rural Urban Fringe in Adelia María, Córdoba, Argentina, and signify the commitments to the SDG 2030 agenda. Although the local periurban presents uses that synergize its operation, the community perceives unfavorable use that are not complementary (for example, bad odors from local production). A multicriteria stepwise procedure was used to design the vision and engage stakeholders. First, problems and aspirations were identified through interviews. Second, four RUF visions with strategic land uses were designed and evaluated. Third, the visions were evaluated with the PROMETHEE method. The results show that the actors want a RUF model that exceeds the trend. The chosen vision is complementary. Locate an industrial estate and take advantage of a forest area to reduce odors and noise. Additionally, it densifies future settlements on vacant land and expands the urban area by just 11% to include scattered residences. It locates 19 ha of agricultural parks and distributes recreational areas in the urban sprawl. The vision requires political efforts, and investments and shows how to signify the SDG 2030. The actors positively valued the planning process and how to agree on solutions to structural problems of the territory.

Resumen El artículo muestra cómo diseñar y evaluar la visión estratégica para la Franja Urbana Rural en Adelia María, Córdoba, Argentina, y significar los compromisos con la agenda ODS 2030. Si bien el periurbano local presenta usos que sinergizan su funcionamiento, la comunidad percibe como desfavorables a usos que no son complementarios (por ejemplo malos olores de producciones de proximidad). Se utilizó un procedimiento multicriterio por fases para diseñar la visión e involucrar a actores. Primero, se identificaron problemas y aspiraciones con entrevistas. Segundo, se diseñaron y valoraron cuatro visiones de Franja Urbana Rural con usos del suelo estratégicos. Tercero, se evaluaron las visiones con el método PROMETHEE. Los resultados muestran que los actores desean un modelo de Franja Urbana Rural que supere a la tendencia. La visión elegida es complementaria, y localiza un parque industrial y aprovecha un área forestal para reducir olores, ruidos. También, densifica el poblamiento futuro sobre tierras vacantes y amplía el ejido solo 11% para incluir residencias dispersas. Ubica 19 ha de parques agrarios y distribuye áreas recreativas en la mancha urbana. La visión requiere esfuerzos políticos, inversiones y muestra como significar ODS 2030. Los actores valoraron positivamente el proceso de planificación y como consensuar soluciones a problemas estructurales del territorio.

Resumo O artigo mostra como desenhar e avaliar a visão estratégica para a Faixa Rural Urbana de Adelia María, em Córdoba, Argentina, e significar os compromissos com a agenda dos ODS 2030. Embora o periurbano local apresente usos que sinergizam seu funcionamento, o a comunidade considera desfavoráveis aqueles usos que não são complementares (por exemplo, maus odores provenientes da produção local). Foi utilizado um procedimento multicritério faseado para conceber a visão e envolver os intervenientes. Primeiro, os problemas e aspirações foram identificados através de entrevistas. Em segundo lugar, foram concebidas e avaliadas quatro visões de Faixa Rural Urbana com usos estratégicos do solo. Terceiro, as visões foram avaliadas com o método PROMETHEE. Os resultados mostram que as partes interessadas desejam um modelo de Faixa Rural Urbana que supere a tendência. A visão escolhida é complementar. Localiza um parque industrial e aproveite uma área florestal para reduzir odores e ruídos. Além disso, adensa os futuros assentamentos em terrenos baldios e expande o ejido em apenas 11% para incluir residências dispersas. Localiza 19 hectares de parques agrícolas e distribui áreas de lazer na área urbana. A visão exige esforços políticos, investimentos e mostra como alcançar o ODS 2030. Os atores valorizaram positivamente o processo de planeamento e como chegar a acordo sobre soluções para problemas estruturais do território.

Human praxis denotes practical wisdom, which through deliberate human action aims at personal and collective transformation, including people's ideas, commitments and consciousness. The occupational therapy profession has a long history of both enacting human praxis for the evolvement of the profession, and also facilitating it among the people it serves. Occupational therapy can draw on its innate wisdom and ability to accurately read contexts to consciously harness human praxis to render the profession as indispensable as a healthcare profession as well as a profession that can contribute significantly to social development. Consciously harnessing human praxis for change can be done by applying reflective and reflexive critical reasoning; epistemic fluency within multidisciplinary spaces (that could promote better transdisciplinary practices); as well as deconstructing the constituents of human praxis to apply it as a treatment mode. Furthermore, consciously using human praxis can contribute to the fields of education, research and leadership that promote and cultivate human dignity.

The South African food system is facing severe challenges as increasing hunger, rising food costs, lack of dietary diversity, child stunting, foodborne illnesses, food waste and an obesity epidemic coupled with malnutrition are observed. In this study, we aimed to establish the application of science and technology advances in the food and beverage industry in South Africa in response to food consumption pattern changes since 1994 and how they could be used to address food security challenges. We found that food consumption shifts have been towards sugar-sweetened beverages, processed and packaged food, animal-source foods and added caloric sweeteners, and away from vegetables. These dietary shifts are concerning as they relate to public health. Most commitments to improve the nutritional status of South Africans have been limited to corporate social investment strategies and should be extended into core business strategies. Furthermore, although the South African food and beverage industry has kept pace with developments in food manufacturing practices, there has been little experimentation with non-commercial novel technologies. The expert survey revealed that indigenous African crops and food waste recovery are the two most promising emerging food sources that could be available to South Africans in the shortest time frame. South Africa has many enabling drivers to become a global leader in food technology advances. However, many barriers need to be overcome for industry, academia and government to collaborate to advance novel food science and technologies to reach commercialisation. SIGNIFICANCE: • Drivers and consequences of food consumption changes in South Africa were modelled and broad food consumption trends between 1994 and 2009/2012 were identified. • For the first time, the Access to Nutrition Index methodology was applied to South African owned food companies to identify strategies to enhance nutrition practices. Companies need to do more to deliver affordable and accessible products. • Drivers and barriers in adopting advanced food science and technology were modelled. A collective ecosystem approach with industry, academia and government mobilisation around critical areas like hunger, malnutrition and poverty could be a way to tackle the failing food system.

Abstract In his article “La verdad y el éxito de la ciencia: A propósito de un artículo de P. Kyle Stanford” (2002), Manuel Comesaña addresses fundamental questions about the nature and success of science, taking P. Kyle Stanford’s article as a reference for his critical analysis. Although the central focus of both works is not specifically on the Copernican Revolution, it is relevant to analyse how both authors use this historical example from astronomy to illustrate their metaphysical commitments. Rigorous analysis of this historiographical episode will provide better foundations for the broader discussion of the realism-anti-realism debate. It is for this reason that we will undertake a critical study and subsequent correction of the way in which both authors set up their accounts to exemplify their positions. What we have come to contribute with our commentary is not a position that attempts to account for the success of the anti-realist proposals that the authors are interested in debating, but rather we intend to shed light on the treatment given to the historical case in order to clarify certain obscure points in the debate.

Resumen En su artículo “La verdad y el éxito de la ciencia: A propósito de un artículo de P. Kyle Stanford” (2002), Manuel Comesaña aborda cuestiones fundamentales sobre la naturaleza y el éxito de la ciencia, tomando como referencia el artículo de P. Kyle Stanford para proceder a su análisis crítico. Aunque el foco central de ambos trabajos no se encuentra específicamente en la revolución copernicana, es relevante analizar cómo ambos autores utilizan este ejemplo histórico proveniente de la astronomía para ilustrar sus compromisos metafísicos. El análisis riguroso de este episodio historiográfico proporcionará mejores fundamentos para la discusión más amplia sobre el debate realismo-antirrealismo. Es por esto que vamos a realizar un estudio crítico con su posterior corrección sobre la manera en que ambos autores configuran su relato para la ejemplificación de sus posturas. Lo que venimos a aportar con nuestro comentario no es una posición que intente dar cuenta del éxito de las propuestas antirrealistas que les interesa debatir a los autores, sino que pretendemos arrojar luz sobre el tratamiento que se le dio al caso histórico de modo de clarificar ciertos puntos oscuros en el debate.

ABSTRACT University professors have important commitments to the publishing of scientific articles. The work of socializing these articles in high-impact journals is essential for the visibility of the scientific-research work of universities and their subsequent categorization and evaluation in different indicators. However, it is a challenge for higher education centers to ensure that a significant number of university teachers and researchers publish regularly in journals indexed in databases of recognized prestige and scientific visibility. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to characterize the writing and publishing of scientific articles as content of the professional improvement process of university professors. In the investigative process, the following methods were used: historical-logical; inductive-deductive; analysis-synthesis and the survey. The present investigation made it possible to verify that the improvement actions carried out at the University of Ciego de Ávila "Máximo Gómez Báez" on the writing and publishing of scientific articles are not sufficient and lack an integrative approach since they do not manage to cover the treatment of all the deficiencies presented by the teaching staff. Therefore, methodological procedures are proposed that integrate the determination of learning needs, the selection of content, the execution and evaluation of actions, as well as the methodological guidelines for their implementation in educational practice. These procedures are based on a multidisciplinary approach.

RESUMO Os professores universitários têm compromissos importantes com a publicação de artigos científicos. O trabalho de socialização desses artigos em periódicos de alto impacto é essencial para a visibilidade do trabalho de pesquisa científica das universidades e sua posterior categorização e avaliação em diferentes indicadores. No entanto, é um desafio para os centros de Ensino Superior garantir que um número significativo de professores universitários e investigadores publiquem regularmente em revistas indexadas em bases de dados de reconhecido prestígio e visibilidade científica. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar a redação e publicação de artigos científicos como conteúdo do processo de aperfeiçoamento profissional de professores universitários. No processo investigativo foram utilizados os seguintes métodos: histórico-lógico; indutivo-dedutivo; análise-síntese e levantamento. Neste sentido, foi possível verificar que as ações de melhoria realizadas na Universidade de Ciego de Ávila "Máximo Gómez Báez" na redação e publicação de artigos científicos não são suficientes e carecem de uma abordagem integradora, uma vez que não conseguem abranger os tratamento de todas as deficiências apresentadas pelo corpo docente. Por isso, são propostos procedimentos metodológicos que integram a determinação das necessidades de aprendizagem, a seleção dos conteúdos, a execução e avaliação das ações, bem como as orientações metodológicas para a sua implementação na prática educativa. Esses procedimentos são baseados em uma abordagem multidisciplinar.

RESUMEN El profesorado universitario presenta importantes compromisos con la publicación de artículos científicos. La labor de socialización de estos artículos en revistas de alto impacto es esencial para la visibilidad de la labor científico-investigativa de las universidades y su posterior categorización y evaluación en diferentes indicadores. Sin embargo, es un reto para los centros de Educación Superior lograr que un número significativo de docentes e investigadores universitarios publiquen con regularidad en revistas indexadas en bases de datos de reconocido prestigio y visibilidad científica. Por ello, el presente artículo tiene como propósito caracterizar la redacción y publicación de artículos científicos como contenido del proceso de superación profesional del profesorado universitario. En el proceso investigativo se emplearon los métodos: histórico-lógico; inductivo-deductivo; análisis-síntesis y la encuesta. En este sentido, se pudo constatar que las acciones de superación realizadas en la Universidad de Ciego de Ávila "Máximo Gómez Báez" sobre la redacción y publicación de artículos científicos no son suficientes y carecen de un enfoque integrador, puesto que no logran abarcar el tratamiento de todas las deficiencias presentadas por el profesorado. Por ello, se proponen procederes metodológicos que integran la determinación de las necesidades de aprendizaje, la selección de los contenidos, la ejecución y evaluación de las acciones, así como las orientaciones metodológicas para su implementación en la práctica educativa. Estos procedimientos se sustentan en un enfoque multidisciplinario.

RESUMEN En el sistema de salud es necesario tener presente la atención dirigida a las madres y sus hijos sobre la base de la prevención de enfermedades, el manejo del proceso de parto y el tratamiento y control de otras situaciones posparto, que pueden desencadenar resultados negativos en cualquiera o ambos de los involucrados en dicho proceso. Por ello, uno de los lineamientos a nivel mundial en relación a esto, es el propio contexto de la Agenda 2030 y su Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 3: Salud y Bienestar que lo trata. En consecuencia, se expresa la necesidad de ofrecer seguimiento a las problemáticas de mortalidad materna en el territorio manabita ecuatoriano. Los principales aspectos analizados, se establecen en criterios esenciales de salud materna y neonatal, que se centran en los derechos humanos e igualdad de atención. Se consideran niveles de compromisos de tipo político concretos y autofinanciados que aseguren el cumplimiento del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo sostenible 2017-2021. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se mencionan la sistematización de materiales y reportes relacionados con el desarrollo de estrategias que garantizan la disminución de la mortalidad materna, y una atención eficaz en la salud.

ABSTRACT In the health system, it is necessary to keep in mind the care directed at mothers and their children based on disease prevention, management of the birth process, and treatment and control of other postpartum situations that can trigger negative results in any or both of those involved in said process. Therefore, one of the guidelines worldwide in relation to this is the very context of the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goal 3: Health and Well-being that deals with it. Consequently, the need to offer follow-up to the problems of maternal mortality in the Ecuadorian Manabita territory is expressed. The main aspects analyzed are established in essential criteria of maternal and neonatal health, which focus on human rights and equal care. Levels of concrete and self-financed political commitments that ensure compliance with the National Sustainable Development Plan 2017-2021 are considered. As results, the systematization of materials and reports related to the development of strategies that guarantee the reduction of maternal mortality, and effective health care are mentioned.

RESUMEN El desarrollo, centro de amplios y profundos debates, tanto en el mundo académico como en la política, se erige como fenómeno multifactorial con un marcado carácter histórico. Posiciones éticas, históricas, filosóficas, económicas y ambientalistas constituyen factores determinantes en la consecución de propuestas de desarrollo más revolucionarias y contextualizadas a las realidades y necesidades de “los de abajo”. En este sentido, el artículo analiza los supuestos epistemológicos que han signado la relación ciencia, tecnología y sociedad en vínculo con los principales modelos de desarrollo, al tiempo que particulariza en el enfoque socio-técnico como apuesta a la democratización de las tecnologías. De igual manera, se profundiza en los referentes teóricos del desarrollo, sus esencias y apuestas, sus conexiones y desconexiones con las agendas tecno-científicas, la emergencia de nuevas propuestas orientadas al desarrollo humano sostenible y sus definiciones particulares desde la concepción del desarrollo.

ABSTRACT Development, the center of broad and profound debates, both in the academic world and in politics, stands as a multifactorial phenomenon with a marked historical character. Ethical, historical, philosophical, economic and environmental positions constitute determining factors in the achievement of more revolutionary development proposals and contextualized to the realities and needs of "those below". In this sense, the article analyzes the epistemological assumptions that have marked the relationship between science, technology and society in connection with the main models of development, while particularizing the socio-technical approach as a commitment to the democratization of technologies. In the same way, it delves into the theoretical references of development, its essences and commitments, its connections and disconnections with techno-scientific agendas, the emergence of new proposals aimed at sustainable human development and its particular definitions from the conception of development.

Abstract: This article evaluates the fulfillment of electoral pledges on trade policy by US presidents in the period from 1989 to 2021 with the aim of identifying patterns of continuity and change in the agenda of the parties and the country. The identification of promises was made based on the analysis of the campaign manifestos of the parties of the presidents elected in the period. The criterion established to evaluate the fulfillment of the pledges was the implementation of an action. There are similar degrees of compliance between Democrats and Republicans, whose agendas (i) are similar in terms of free trade agreements and protectionist measures and (ii) diverge in relation to the adherence of labor rights and environmental protection commitments in these agreements. Original, it contributes to the debate on the quality of democratic representation by measuring the degree of responsiveness of political parties in a policy of special interest to American workers. At the same time, it shows how bipartisan continuity and convergence were fundamental in guiding US trade policy.

Resumo: Este artigo avalia o cumprimento de promessas eleitorais sobre política comercial pelos presidentes dos EUA no período de 1989 a 2021 com o intuito de identificar padrões de continuidade e de mudança na agenda dos partidos e do país. A identificação de promessas foi feita a partir da análise dos manifestos de campanha dos partidos dos presidentes eleitos no período. O critério estabelecido para avaliar o cumprimento da promessa foi o da implementação da ação. Verifica-se graus de cumprimento similares entre Democratas e Republicanos, cujas agendas (i) aproximam-se no tocante aos acordos de livre-comércio e às medidas protecionistas e (ii) afastam-se em relação à aderência aos direitos trabalhistas e aos compromissos de proteção ambiental nestes acordos. Original, contribui com o debate sobre a qualidade da representação democrática ao aferir o grau de responsividade dos partidos políticos em uma política de especial interesse para os trabalhadores americanos. Ao mesmo tempo, mostra como a continuidade e convergência bipartidária foram fundamentais para orientar a política comercial dos EUA.

Abstract The research framing this article aims to understand how humans, in a continuous process of dementia, develop personal commitments based on their dependence on the environment they are made of, with special attention to the home space and its materialities. Methodologically, we propose to follow eight cases of people who, due to the illness, experience moments of discontinuity of being, loss of abilities, in a kind of fluctuating alteration of the boundaries of the self. Through an ethnographic approach and an emic perspective, which tries to see phenomena through the eyes of the affected people, we observed their daily lives in a participatory manner. Specifically, we seek to: understand the engagement regimes in action triggered by beings in situations of great vulnerability; recognize how objects and environments participate in action; pay attention to how these can be mobilized for the possible commitment of the actors. The results indicate that the personality of people with dementia extends through the objects of life. Their living environments, where they experience situations of hospitality and care, are part of a sensitive ecology that, through the comfort it provides, becomes an existential anchor that allows humanity to move forward.

Resumo A investigação que enquadra o presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender a forma como os seres humanos, em processo de demência continuado, desenvolvem compromissos pessoais baseados na sua dependência com o ambiente de que são feitos, tomando especial atenção ao espaço da casa e às materialidades que o compõem. Metodologicamente, propomo-nos seguir oito casos de pessoas que, por razões da doença, experienciam momentos de descontinuidade do ser, de perda de capacidades, numa espécie de alteração flutuante dos limites de si. Através de uma abordagem etnográfica e de uma perspetiva emic, que tenta ver os fenómenos pelos olhos das pessoas afetadas, observámos de forma participante o seu dia a dia. Especificamente procuramos: compreender os regimes de envolvimento na ação acionados por seres em situação de grande vulnerabilidade; reconhecer a forma como os objetos e os ambientes participam na ação; atentar à forma como estes podem ser mobilizados para o compromisso possível dos atores. Os resultados dão conta de que a personalidade dos seres em demência, se estende por meio dos objetos da vida. Os seus ambientes de vida, onde se experienciam situações de hospitalidade e de cuidados inserem-se numa ecologia sensível, que pela confortabilidade que assume, torna-se uma âncora existencial que permite levar a humanidade adiante.

This article explores the experiences of doctoral students juggling parental and professional roles. It proposes a balanced-integration approach in the reflective supervisor framework to tailor support. The research focuses on identifying challenges and evaluating the approach's effectiveness, suggesting supervisors should serve as advocates for well-being and motivation. With the South African government's National Development Plan aiming for a higher education sector that can produce more than 100 doctoral graduates per one million of the population by 2030, it is imperative to understand PhD student's simultaneous identities as parents and professionals who must balance the demands of their studies, families and careers. The study advances a balanced-integration approach for supervising this demographic, with supervisors serving as advocates for the holistic well-being of these students, architects of personalised academic pathways, and catalysts for motivation inspired by family commitments. This approach adds a fifth dimension to Pearson and Kayrooz's four factors of facilitative supervisory practice. The methodology is a descriptive quantitative study research design and a cross-sectional approach based on online surveys completed by 47 respondents from 13 South African higher education institutions and eight from abroad (n = 55).

Abstract: How does feminist metaphysics inform the ontological commitments of feminist International Relations? Since feminisms entered into IR, debates over epistemology and methodology have dominated discussions among feminists in the discipline. Reflections on ontology, especially on gender as a kind, seem to be subsumed under the notion of social construction. However, exactly what and how gender is constructed deserves further exploration in feminist IR research. In this article, I propose a dialogue between Philosophy and IR, aiming to provide a feminist metaphysics for the ontology of gender. I mobilise Ásta’s conferring framework to ground the explanation of gender as social construction that serves the interests of feminists in IR, and I exemplify its use through the debate between empiricist and critical feminists.

Résumé : Comment la métaphysique féministe informe-t-elle les compromis ontologiques des féminismes dans les relations internationales (RI) ? Depuis l’apparition des féminismes dans le RI, les débats sur l’épistémologie et la méthodologie ont eu prévalence dans les discussions entre les féministes de cette discipline. Les réflexions sur l’ontologie, en particulier sur le genre en tant que catégorie, semblent se résoudre autour de la notion de construction sociale. Néanmoins, ce qu’est exactement et comment se construit le genre est une question qui demande une plus ample exploration dans la recherche féministe des RI, dans le but d’apporter une métaphysique féministe à l’ontologie du genre. Je me sers du modèle d’attribution d’Asta pour servir de base à une explication des mécanismes de construction sociale du genre qui concernent les féministes dans les RI, et j’exemplifie leur utilisation par le débat entre féministes empiristes et critiques.

Resumen: ¿Cómo la metafísica feminista informa los compromisos ontológicos de los feminismos en las Relaciones Internacionales (RI)? Desde la entrada de los feminismos en las RI, los debates sobre epistemología y metodología han dominado las discusiones entre las feministas de la disciplina. Las reflexiones sobre la ontología, en especial sobre el género como categoría, parecen resolverse en torno a la noción de construcción social. Sin embargo, exactamente qué y cómo se construye el género merece una mayor exploración en la investigación feminista de las RI. En este artículo, establezco un diálogo entre la Filosofía y las RI con el objetivo de aportar una metafísica feminista para la ontología del género. Recurro al modelo de atribución de Ásta para sustentar una forma de explicar los mecanismos de construcción social del género que interesan a las feministas en las RI y ejemplifico su uso a través del debate entre feministas empiricistas y críticas.

Abstract In Argentina, from the beginning of the 21st century onwards, it has been detected that the conservation policies deployed by the National Parks Administration have been characterized by creating numerous protected areas and extending existing ones. During these years two concurrent processes also took place. One of them, related to the adoption and consolidation of neo-extractivism as a productive model whose modalities plundered the ecosystem functions of ecoregions throughout the entire national territory. The remainder was associated with the commitments assumed by the country before the Convention on Biological Diversity through the Aichi Goals. Therefore, it is hypothesized that both processes conditioned the conservation policies of said organism during the period 2000-2022. It is concluded that these policies were reactive and compensatory when seeking to protect the relics of the ecoregions not eradicated by neo-extractivism. At the same time, they tried to comply with the international commitments assumed.

Resumen En Argentina, desde comienzos del siglo XXI, se ha detectado que las políticas de conservación desplegadas por la Administración de Parques Nacionales se han caracterizado por crear numerosas áreas protegidas y extender otras ya existentes. Durante estos años también tuvieron lugar dos procesos concurrentes. Uno de ellos, relacionado con la adopción y consolidación del neoextractivismo como modelo productivo, cuyas modalidades expoliaron las funciones ecosistémicas de las ecorregiones a lo largo de todo el territorio nacional. El restante, se asoció a los compromisos asumidos por el país ante el Convenio de la Diversidad Biológica mediante las Metas de Aichi. Por consiguiente, se plantea como hipótesis que ambos procesos condicionaron las políticas de conservación de dicho organismo durante el período 2000-2022. Se concluye que estas políticas resultaron reactivas y compensatorias al buscar proteger los relictos de las ecorregiones no erradicados por el neoextractivismo. A la vez, trataron de cumplir con los compromisos internacionales asumidos.