ABSTRACT. The mangrove oyster Saccostrea palmula is a relatively small but emerging species in aquaculture, and it is necessary to resume and increase studies on its cultivation. Therefore, we carried out a study that includes three main components for developing S. palmula culture in the Mexican Central Pacific: spat collection, pre-growth phase (eight weeks), and grow-out phase (six months). We tested natural (shell strings) and artificial (coupelles) collectors placed in contrasting environmental conditions: marine (La Boquita) and estuarine (Cuyutlan). The spat was pre-grown in suspended Australian trays at the two collection sites and under in-land pond conditions. Then, it was pooled under an estuarine environment and in a single lot for the final culture phase in Juluapan lagoon (all sites in Colima, Mexico). Spat collection was higher in coupelles (858.3 ± 175.6 spat coupelle-1) than in shell strings. The number of spat collected (13,062 spat), final pre-growth size (26.5 ± 0.6 mm shell height), and pre-growth survival (94.7%) were higher in La Boquita (marine environment). The final culture phase in Juluapan (estuarine conditions) was successful, recording an average height of 54.2 ± 4.9 mm and average total weight of 30.8 ± 6.9 g after six months of culture, after spat collection and pre-growth periods. We found the largest oyster, S. palmula, ever recorded (shell height 83.3 mm and total weight 59.4 g), and we confirmed that S. palmula has potential for artisanal aquaculture and socioeconomic regional development in the Mexican Central Pacific.

ABSTRACT During 2022, an investigation was conducted on 16 farms to evaluate management of pressurized irrigation systems in Portoviejo City. Factors that affected management were identified, such as; A) Presence of leaks or breaks in the irrigation system deployed on the field, B) Modifications done to the initial project constructions, C) Lack of knowledge regarding managing, operating and maintaining (AOM) irrigation system, D) Absence of a filtering system, E) Absence of a hydraulic design of the system or implementation of a hydraulic project, F) Absence of water collectors. Factor D) was the most frequent troubling issue, identified in 14 out of 16 evaluations. Quality of the system was tested based on hydraulic evaluation and calculations to determine the uniformity of the output following the established hydraulic system norms. As a result, Localized irrigation systems displayed the highest rating, with a maximum efficiency of 93.90%. Sprinkler systems had a wider range, from 29.90% to 73.10%, with an average of 52.33%, which was considered unacceptable. Factor A showed little variation in uniformity evaluations, while factor D, C and E showed greater disparity in uniformity values.

RESUMEN Durante 2022, se realizó una investigación en los sistemas de riego presurizados de 16 fincas del cantón Portoviejo para evaluar su gestión desde la etapa de proyección hasta la operación de los Sistemas. Los Factores limitantes más relevantes que afectaron la gestión fueron: A) Presencia de fugas o roturas en campo presentes en el sistema, B) Modificaciones constructivas al proyecto inicial, C) Desconocimiento de procedimiento de Administración, Operación y Mantenimiento (AOM) del sistema de riego, D) Ausencia de sistema de filtrado, E) Ausencia de proyecto o diseño hidráulico del sistema, F) Ausencia de obras de captación. El factor D) fue el problema más frecuente, identificado en 14 de 16 evaluaciones. La Calidad del Riego se evaluó a partir de evaluaciones hidráulicas y cálculo de los Coeficientes de Uniformidad establecidos en las Normas para estos sistemas. Se evidenció una mayor Uniformidad en los sistemas de riego localizado con un máximo del 93.90%. La Uniformidad en los sistemas de aspersión tuvo un rango amplio, de 29.90% a 73.10%, con una media de 52.33%, lo cual categoriza como inaceptable. El factor A mostró poca influencia en la Uniformidad, mientras que los factores limitantes D, C y E fueron los que mayor incidencia tuvieron en la calidad del Riego.

Abstract: This investigation compared the efficiency of a flat-plate solar collector with triangular and square geometry, by using the finite element method (FEM). The design of the geometries and the utilized parameters for the simulation were obtained from previous publications. SolidWorks was used to model the two collectors, meanwhile, the Fluent module of the ANSYS software was used for the simulation by the FEM. Collectors integrated a pipe of 7 mm internal diameter with a plate thickness of 11 mm; the defined material was aluminum. The experiment was conducted under ambient conditions at a temperature of 20 °C, accompanied by a solar radiation intensity of 1000 W·m-2. The heat transfer surfaces employed were 61 250 mm2 for the triangular collector and 122 500 mm2 for the square collector. The quality of the mesh was excellent, obtaining a skewness of 0.2486, with which efficiencies of 62 and 39 % and maximum temperatures of 27 and 25.5 °C were obtained for the triangular and square collectors, respectively. Due to the geometries performing as fins, the temperatures are higher in the corners and, therefore, achieving higher efficiency is impossible.

Resumen: En esta investigación, se comparó la eficiencia de un colector solar de placa plana con geometría triangular y cuadrada, a través del enfoque del método de elementos finitos (FEM, por sus siglas en inglés), se llevó a cabo la simulación. Las geometrías y los parámetros empleados en la simulación fueron extraídos de investigaciones previamente publicadas. Se utilizó el software SolidWorks para el modelado de los dos colectores, mientras que el módulo Fluent del software ANSYS fue utilizado para la simulación por el método FEM. Para los colectores se utilizó una tubería de 7 mm de diámetro interno, con un espesor de placa de 11 mm y de aluminio. Se consideró temperatura ambiente de 20 °C, con una radiación solar de 1000 W·m-2 y superficies de transferencia de calor 61 250 y 122 500 mm2 para el colector triangular y cuadrado, respectivamente. La calidad del mallado fue excelente, alcanzando skewness de 0.2486. De esta manera, luego del proceso de simulación se obtuvo eficiencias de 62 y 39 % y temperaturas máximas de 27 y 25.5 °C para el colector triangular y cuadrado, respectivamente. Debido a que las geometrías actúan como aletas, las temperaturas son más altas en las esquinas y por esto no es posible alcanzar mayor eficiencia.

Abstract. This article addresses inequality as a process where mechanisms configuring it confront those countering it in Fracción Milpillas, San Luis Potosí. It relies on ethnography and interviews conducted between 2018 and 2022 in the community. Due to the violence exerted by garbage hoarders at the El Peñasco solid waste transfer station, it shows both the asymmetrical social interactions stemming from their hoarding and exploitation, and the ways in which various individual, collective, business, and governmental actors have intervened to decant them, consolidate them, and their effects in exacerbating inequality among the population. It also highlights multiple everyday actions to reject such hoarding and exploitation processes and attempt to reduce them. It is concluded that these actions foster solidarity and equality, but they are individual and collective and must be extended to completely dismantle them.

Resumen. Este artículo estudia la desigualdad como un proceso en el que se confrontan los mecanismos que la configuran con aquellos que la contrarrestan en Fracción Milpillas, San Luis Potosí. Se apoya en etnografía y entrevistas realizadas en la comunidad entre 2018 y 2022. Debido a la violencia ejercida por los acaparadores de basura en la estación de transferencia de residuos sólidos El Peñasco, se muestran tanto las interacciones sociales asimétricas derivadas de su acaparamiento y explotación como las formas en que han intervenido diversos actores individuales, colectivos, empresariales y gubernamentales para decantarlos, consolidarlos y sus efectos al agudizar la inequidad entre la población. También se destacan las múltiples acciones cotidianas para rechazar dichos procesos de acaparamiento y explotación e intentar reducirlos. Se concluye que estas acciones fomentan la solidaridad y la igualdad, pero son individuales y grupales y deben extenderse para desmantelar esos procesos completamente.

Resumo O desenvolvimento da sociedade moderna nos grandes centros urbanos encontra-se atrelado a um sistema de consumo que vem carregado de problemas territoriais, políticos e socioambientais. Sendo o Brasil considerado o quarto maior gerador de resíduos sólidos do mundo, fica evidente a importância de ações estratégicas vindas de esferas públicas, privadas e sociedade civil que visem a melhores condições na gestão e à valorização desses resíduos. Diante disso, famílias e cooperativas atuam na catação e triagem de materiais recicláveis e podem ser conceituados como agentes de práticas sustentáveis. O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar a interface entre a organização territorial e o desenvolvimento local juntamente com uma cooperativa de reciclagem. Para compreender as dinâmicas socioambientais desta pesquisa, construiu-se um portfólio bibliométrico que propiciou conhecimentos acerca de práticas da Economia Circular e catadores de materiais recicláveis. Para a coleta de dados, buscou a sustentação por meio da observação não participante e entrevistas estruturadas e semiestruturadas. Os resultados mostraram que o fortalecimento da cooperativa se desenvolve a partir de relações sociais instituídas nos entornos da cadeia de reciclagem. Conclui-se que, da viabilidade de relações dentro do território, podem surgir cenários que garantam a circularidade e transformação do resíduo, englobando aspectos voltados para sustentabilidade social, ambiental e econômica. encontrase encontra territoriais mundo públicas disso sustentáveis reciclagem pesquisa construiuse construiu dados semiestruturadas Concluise Conclui território resíduo social econômica

Abstract The development of modern society in large urban centers is linked to a consumption system that is loaded with territorial, political and socio-environmental problems. Since Brazil is considered the fourth greatest generator of solid waste in the world, the importance of strategic actions coming from public and private sectors and civil society that aim for better conditions in the management and valorization of this waste are highlighted. In the face of this, families act in the collection and sorting of recyclable materials, and they are often conceptualized as agents of sustainable practices. This article aims to investigate the intersection between territorial organization and local development within a recycling cooperative. In order to understand the socio-environmental dynamics on this research, a bibliometric portfolio was built that provided knowledge about Circular Economy practices and recyclable collectors. For data collection, support was sought through non-participant observation and structured and semi-structured interviews. The results showed that the strengthening of the cooperative developed from established social relationships in the surroundings of the recycling chain. It was concluded that, from the viability of relationships within the territory, scenarios may arise that guarantee the circularity and transformation of the waste, encompassing aspects aimed at social, environmental and economic sustainability. socioenvironmental socio problems world highlighted materials research collectors nonparticipant non participant semistructured semi interviews chain territory sustainability

Resumen El desarrollo de la sociedad moderna en los grandes centros urbanos está ligado a un sistema de consumo cargado de problemáticas territoriales, políticas y socioambientales. Siendo Brasil considerado eL cuarto mayor generador de residuos sólidos del mundo, es evidente la importancia de acciones estratégicas provenientes de los ámbitos público, privado y de la sociedad civil que apunten a mejores condiciones en la gestión y valorización de estos residuos. Ante esto, las familias y cooperativas actúan en la recolección y clasificación de materiales reciclables y pueden ser conceptualizadas como agentes de prácticas sustentables. Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar la interfaz entre la organización territorial y el desarrollo local junto con una cooperativa de reciclaje. Para comprender la dinámica socioambiental de esta investigación, se construyó un portafolio bibliométrico para brindar conocimiento sobre las prácticas de Economia Circular y los recolectores de materiales reciclables. Para la recolección de datos se buscó apoyo a través de la observación no participante y entrevistas estructuradas y semiestructuradas. Los resultados mostraron que el fortalecimiento de la cooperativa se desarrolla a partir de las relaciones sociales que se establecen en torno a la cadena del reciclaje. Se concluye que, de la viabilidad de las relaciones dentro del territorio, pueden surgir escenarios que garanticen la circularidad y transformación de los residuos, englobando aspectos encaminados a la sostenibilidad social, ambiental y económica. territoriales socioambientales mundo público esto sustentables reciclaje investigación semiestructuradas territorio social económica

Resumen: Henry van de Velde es uno de los arquitectos más polifacéticos de la historia de la arquitectura del siglo pasado, tanto por su obra como por la versatilidad de las estrategias que emplea a lo largo de su trayectoria. El autor belga se acercó a multitud de disciplinas artísticas, dejándose influenciar por ideas del Arts & Crafts de William Morris, vinculándose a los inicios del Art Nouveau o involucrándose en el Deutscher Werkbund hasta 1914. El desarrollo de esta actitud multidisciplinar, síntoma de su evolución creativa, vive uno de los episodios más intensos durante su vinculación laboral con el matrimonio de coleccionistas de arte moderno Kröller-Müller en los Países Bajos. La presente investigación desgrana el legado gráfico y arquitectónico de Henry van de Velde al servicio de los Kröller-Müller, desde los primeros bocetos en los años 20 hasta la ejecución del museo de 1936-57. Un verdadero ejemplo de materialización de sueño arquitectónico.

Abstract: Henry van de Velde is one of the most multifaceted architects in the history of architecture in the last century, both in terms of his work and the versatility of the strategies he employed throughout his career. The Belgian architect drew close to a multitude of artistic disciplines, allowing himself to be influenced by the ideas of William Morris's Arts & Crafts, linking himself to the beginnings of Art Nouveau or becoming involved in the Deutscher Werkbund until 1914. The development of this multidisciplinary attitude, a symptom of his creative evolution, experienced one of its most intense episodes during his working relationship with the Kröller-Müller couple of modern art collectors in the Netherlands. This research unravels Henry van de Velde's graphic and architectural legacy in the service of the Kröller-Müller family, from the first sketches in the 1920s to the execution of the museum in 1936-57. A true example of the realisation of an architectural dream.

Abstract Recent events involving iron ore tailings dam collapses have emphasized the need for developing alternative ways of depositing tailings. This study aims to evaluate the effects of using three hydroxamates and a sulfosuccinamate as collectors in the direct flotation of iron ore tailings, using a bench flotation. The best result obtained on bench flotation was tested in a pneumatic cell. The sample used in this study (10.8% of Fe) consists of quartz and hematite. The Aero® 6494 Promoter hydroxamate showed the highest selectivity among the analyzed reagents, reaching 64.31% of Fe in the final product of the test with the < 150 µm sample. The possibility of using these reagents as constituents of a mixed collector with dodecylamine was also investigated. In this case, the Aero® 845 Promoter sulfosuccinamate yielded the best results, with 62.84% of Fe and 59.01% of metallurgical recovery of Fe. The synergistic effect between the two reagents might be explained by the stability of the monolayer formed by the intercalation of the ions from the dodecylamine and the Aero® 845 Promoter, which reduces the electrostatic repulsion between ions of the same species This mixed collector was tested in a pneumatic cell. However, it had a lower performance in terms of Fe metallurgical recovery than in a bench-scale cell test, mainly for the finest particles, due to the greater control of the process’s variables in the bench cell. 10.8% 108 10 8 (10.8 hematite Aero 649 6431 64 31 64.31 15 investigated case 84 results 6284 62 62.84 5901 59 01 59.01 However benchscale scale particles processs process s 10.8 1 (10. 643 6 3 64.3 628 62.8 590 5 0 59.0 10. (10 64. 62. 59. (1 (

ABSTRACT Foundation: Taking care of the mental health of vehicle drivers is essential for them to be competitive and to prevent traffic accidents because one of the causes of accidents is the poor mental health of drivers. Objective: Determine the relevance of mental health care for vehicle drivers to avoid accidents and to make them competitive. Methods: The sample was 219 drivers and collectors of land transportation in Trujillo, La Libertad, Peru; who answered the General Well-being Test-5, previously applied in Peru by other researchers, made up of 5 composite questions. The null (Ho) and alternate (Ha) hypothesis test; were raised with a respect to the decisive score of 54.75 points. Results: For questions 2 and 4, the alternative hypothesis was approved with the indication that mental health care for drivers is pertinent so that they can be relaxed; also so that they rest well and start the day feeling well rested. For questions 1, 3 and 5, the null hypothesis was accepted. Conclusions: It is perceived that the lowest averages correspond to questions 2 and 4, then mental health care is pertinent for public transport drivers, so that they can receive psychological assistance to feel relaxed and rested. For the other questions, the null hypothesis is accepted.

RESUMEN Fundamento: Cuidar la salud mental de los conductores de vehículos, es indispensable para que estos sean competitivos y para prevenir accidentes de tránsito, debido a que una de las causas de los accidentes, es la deficiente salud mental de los conductores. Objetivo: Determinar la pertinencia de la atención en salud mental de conductores de vehículos para evitar accidentes y para que sean competitivos. Métodos: La muestra fue de 219 conductores y cobradores de transporte terrestre en Trujillo, La Libertad, Perú; que contestaron el Test de Bienestar General-5, anteriormente aplicado en el Perú por otros investigadores, conformado por 5 preguntas compuestas. La prueba de Hipótesis nula (Ho) y alterna (Ha); se plantearon con una respecto al puntaje decisorio de 54,75 puntos. Resultados: Para las preguntas 2 y 4 se aprobó la hipótesis alterna con la indicación de que es pertinente la atención de salud mental para conductores para que puedan estar relajados; descansen bien e inicien el día sintiéndose sosegados. Para las preguntas 1, 3 y 5 se aceptó la hipótesis nula. Conclusiones: se percibe que los promedios más bajos se corresponden con las preguntas 2 y 4, entonces es pertinente la atención en salud mental para que los conductores de transporte público, puedan recibir asistencia psicológica para sentirse relajados y descansados. Para las demás preguntas se acepta la hipótesis nula.

abstract This study presents an innovative crude oil heating technology by introducing environmentally friendly solar energy into the petroleum industry. By integrating novel combination methods into traditional crude oil heating systems, a versatile and efficient crude oil heating system has been formed. The system was implemented in a refinery and its thermodynamic and economic performance was analyzed. The thermodynamic analysis, employing the exergy analysis method, reveals that among the considered parameters, compressor pressure ratio and Rankine cycle fluid flow rate exert the most significant influence on system efficiency. Overall, the system achieves energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, and waste heat recovery efficiency of 75.99%, 74.13%, and 31.21%, respectively. Within the system, solar collectors, TES tank, and compressor exhibit the highest exergy destruction rates, while pumps demonstrate the lowest exergy destruction rate. The economic analysis, using the annualized cost method, revealed that electricity prices have a significant impact on the economic performance of the system. The variation in system economic parameters is related to the annualized operating cost of the system. The system generates a net annual benefit of 0.591 million US$, with a 4.124-year investment return period. Moreover, Sensitivity analysis explores various factors affecting the crude oil heating system’s performance. industry systems formed analyzed method Overall 7599 75 99 75.99% 7413 74 13 74.13% 3121 31 21 31.21% respectively collectors tank rates 0591 0 591 0.59 US US$ 4.124year 4124year year 4.124 4 124 period Moreover s 759 7 9 75.99 741 1 74.13 312 3 2 31.21 059 59 0.5 124year 4124 4.12 12 75.9 74.1 31.2 05 5 0. 412 4.1 75. 74. 31. 41 4.

ABSTRACT The knowledge of the diversity and distribution of Opiliones in Brazil can be considered suitable. However, while the harvestmen fauna of the southern Atlantic Forest is also well-known, several gaps remain and they are still far from complete, notably those in Paraná. Thus, investigations on regional assemblages focused on primary data are critical for promoting many key research fields such as taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, as well as encouraging conservation efforts. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the knowledge on diversity, distribution, and the history of Opiliones research from the state of Paraná. Knowledge gaps are identified and the background of taxonomic studies, highlighting the key contributors, is also discussed. A total of 1115 records were compiled, with 584 from Paraná for 118 species belonging to five families. This compilation allowed to identify 60 endemic species and 106 type localities (including invalid specific names) for the state. Despite being one of the three Brazilian states with the greatest diversity of harvestmen, this knowledge is concentrated in a small region in the First Plateau and is the result of the efforts of a few researchers and collectors over a few decades. To overcome these limitations further sampling is required in the state’s western region. This study is a very first step toward to achieve a comprehensive database of knowledge about Opiliones from one of the richest hotspots for these invertebrates in the world. We encourage similar approaches that consider the state of art for other research fields such behavior, ecology, and natural history in the state, as well as to other neotropical areas. suitable However wellknown, wellknown known, known well-known complete Thus studies contributors discussed 111 compiled 58 11 families 6 10 including names decades s world behavior ecology areas 5 1

Resumo A catação de materiais recicláveis é uma ocupação com crescente número de trabalhadores, que encontram nela sustento diante das desigualdades socioeconômicas e do desemprego. Este artigo descreve as estratégias de resistência de mulheres catadoras que fazem parte de uma associação no Nordeste brasileiro, além da forma como elas lidaram com problemas de saúde durante a pandemia de covid-19, especialmente no que se refere aos medicamentos. Utilizamos uma abordagem quantitativa e uma etnográfica, coletando dados sociodemográficos de 13 participantes e dos medicamentos presentes em suas casas, e também realizando observação participante e entrevistas aprofundadas. Em meio à crise sanitária, foram mencionados problemas como o desemprego, as relações de gênero, a violência e os estigmas do trabalho. Se por um lado a pandemia vulnerabilizou ainda mais alguns segmentos populacionais, por outro potencializou estratégias coletivas de enfrentamento. As catadoras e a associação se organizaram para obter insumos e melhorias tanto na sede quanto no bairro. Identificamos 58 unidades de medicamentos, prescritos e obtidos principalmente na Unidade Básica de Saúde. Desses, 27,6% tinham ação sobre o sistema nervoso (analgésicos, psicolépticos e psicoanalépticos) e 17,2% sobre o sistema cardiovascular e sobre o trato alimentar e metabolismo. As catadoras desenvolveram práticas de autoatenção com os medicamentos, destacando o papel central deles no enfrentamento dos problemas de saúde.

Abstract The collection of recyclable materials is an occupation with an increasing number of workers, who find in it a livelihood in a context of socioeconomic inequalities and unemployment. This article describes resistance strategies of women collectors who are part of an association in Northeast Brazil, in addition to describing how they managed health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially regarding medicines. A quantitative and an ethnographic approach were used by collecting data on sociodemographic and medicines present in the homes of 13 participants and conducting participant observation and in-depth interviews. Amid the health crisis, the participants mentioned problems such as unemployment, gender relations, violence, and work stigmas. If, on the one hand, the pandemic has further increased vulnerability for certain population segments, on the other hand, it has enhanced collective resistance strategies. The collectors of the association organized to obtain various materials and benefits both for their headquarters and their neighborhood. We identified 58 units of medicines, prescribed and obtained mainly at the Basic Health Unit. Of these, 27.6% had action on the nervous system (analgesics, psycholeptics, and psychoanaleptics) and 17.2% on the cardiovascular system and on the alimentary tract and metabolism. The collectors developed self-attention practices with the medicines highlighting their central role in facing health problems.

Resumen Este artículo analiza la Política Nacional de Residuos Sólidos (PNRS) - Ley 12.305 / 2010 sobre los derechos colectivos y difusos de los recicladores y recicladores de materiales reciclables. Después de 10 años de existencia del PNRS, los derechos que le confiere esta legislación no se hacen cumplir. En el análisis, el artículo identifica acciones civiles públicas relacionadas con las ciudades de São Paulo (SP), Río de Janeiro (RJ) y Brasilia (DF). Se adoptó el método hipotético-deductivo, dentro de un enfoque cualitativo y se utilizaron instrumentos de investigación bibliográfica y documental. Concluimos que por omisión gubernamental, existe la necesidad de una acción continua del Ministerio Público y la Defensoría Pública para promover y garantizar los derechos de esta categoría de trabajadores que son relevantes para la promoción del medio ambiente sostenible. PNRS (PNRS 12305 12 305 12.30 201 reciclables 1 cumplir análisis SP, SP , (SP) RJ (RJ DF. DF . (DF) hipotéticodeductivo, hipotéticodeductivo hipotético deductivo, deductivo hipotético-deductivo documental gubernamental sostenible 1230 30 12.3 20 (SP (DF 123 3 12. 2

Abstract This article scrutinizes the National Policy on Solid Waste (PNRS) - Law 12.305/2010 regarding the collective and diffuse rights of collectors of recyclable materials. More than a decade since the enactment of the PNRS, the rights bestowed by this legislation have yet to be actualized. In its analysis, the article highlights public-interest civil actions pertaining to the cities of São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), and Brasília (DF). The hypothetical-deductive method was employed within a qualitative framework, utilizing both bibliographic and documentary research tools. It is concluded that, due to governmental neglect, there is an imperative for the ongoing involvement of the Public Prosecutor’s Office and the Public Defender’s Office to advocate for and safeguard the rights of this worker category, which are pivotal in the advancement of a sustainable environment. PNRS (PNRS 123052010 12 305 2010 12.305/201 materials actualized analysis publicinterest public interest SP, SP , (SP) RJ, RJ (RJ) DF. DF . (DF) hypotheticaldeductive hypothetical deductive framework tools that neglect Prosecutors Prosecutor s Defenders Defender category environment 12305201 1 30 201 12.305/20 (SP (RJ (DF 1230520 3 20 12.305/2 123052 2 12.305/ 12305 12.305 1230 12.30 123 12.3 12.

Resumo Este artigo analisa a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) - Lei 12.305/2010 em respeito aos direitos coletivos e difusos dos catadores e catadoras de materiais recicláveis. Passados 10 anos da existência da PNRS os direitos que são conferidos por essa legislação não são efetivados. Na análise, o artigo identifica ações civis públicas relativas às cidades de São Paulo (SP), do Rio de Janeiro (RJ) e de Brasília (DF). Foi adotado foi o método hipotético-dedutivo, dentro de uma abordagem qualitativa e foram utilizados instrumentos de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Conclui-se que devido à omissão governamental há a necessidade da atuação contínua do Ministério Público e da Defensoria Pública para promover e garantir os direitos dessa categoria de trabalhadores que são relevantes da promoção do meio ambiente sustentável. (PNRS 123052010 12 305 2010 12.305/201 recicláveis 1 efetivados análise SP, SP , (SP) RJ (RJ DF. DF . (DF) hipotéticodedutivo, hipotéticodedutivo hipotético dedutivo, dedutivo hipotético-dedutivo documental Concluise Conclui se sustentável 12305201 30 201 12.305/20 (SP (DF 1230520 3 20 12.305/2 123052 2 12.305/ 12305 12.305 1230 12.30 123 12.3 12.

Abstract The collection of recyclable materials is an occupation with an increasing number of workers, who find in it a livelihood in a context of socioeconomic inequalities and unemployment. This article describes resistance strategies of women collectors who are part of an association in Northeast Brazil, in addition to describing how they managed health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially regarding medicines. A quantitative and an ethnographic approach were used by collecting data on sociodemographic and medicines present in the homes of 13 participants and conducting participant observation and in-depth interviews. Amid the health crisis, the participants mentioned problems such as unemployment, gender relations, violence, and work stigmas. If, on the one hand, the pandemic has further increased vulnerability for certain population segments, on the other hand, it has enhanced collective resistance strategies. The collectors of the association organized to obtain various materials and benefits both for their headquarters and their neighborhood. We identified 58 units of medicines, prescribed and obtained mainly at the Basic Health Unit. Of these, 27.6% had action on the nervous system (analgesics, psycholeptics, and psychoanaleptics) and 17.2% on the cardiovascular system and on the alimentary tract and metabolism. The collectors developed self-attention practices with the medicines highlighting their central role in facing health problems. workers unemployment Brazil COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 1 indepth depth interviews crisis relations violence stigmas If hand segments neighborhood 5 Unit these 276 27 6 27.6 analgesics, analgesics (analgesics psycholeptics psychoanaleptics 172 17 2 17.2 metabolism selfattention self attention COVID1 COVID- 27. 17.

Resumo A catação de materiais recicláveis é uma ocupação com crescente número de trabalhadores, que encontram nela sustento diante das desigualdades socioeconômicas e do desemprego. Este artigo descreve as estratégias de resistência de mulheres catadoras que fazem parte de uma associação no Nordeste brasileiro, além da forma como elas lidaram com problemas de saúde durante a pandemia de covid-19, especialmente no que se refere aos medicamentos. Utilizamos uma abordagem quantitativa e uma etnográfica, coletando dados sociodemográficos de 13 participantes e dos medicamentos presentes em suas casas, e também realizando observação participante e entrevistas aprofundadas. Em meio à crise sanitária, foram mencionados problemas como o desemprego, as relações de gênero, a violência e os estigmas do trabalho. Se por um lado a pandemia vulnerabilizou ainda mais alguns segmentos populacionais, por outro potencializou estratégias coletivas de enfrentamento. As catadoras e a associação se organizaram para obter insumos e melhorias tanto na sede quanto no bairro. Identificamos 58 unidades de medicamentos, prescritos e obtidos principalmente na Unidade Básica de Saúde. Desses, 27,6% tinham ação sobre o sistema nervoso (analgésicos, psicolépticos e psicoanalépticos) e 17,2% sobre o sistema cardiovascular e sobre o trato alimentar e metabolismo. As catadoras desenvolveram práticas de autoatenção com os medicamentos, destacando o papel central deles no enfrentamento dos problemas de saúde. trabalhadores desemprego brasileiro covid19, covid19 covid 19, 19 covid-19 etnográfica 1 casas aprofundadas sanitária gênero trabalho populacionais bairro 5 Saúde Desses 276 27 6 27,6 analgésicos, analgésicos (analgésicos psicoanalépticos 172 17 2 17,2 metabolismo covid1 covid-1 27, 17, covid-

Abstract Epidendrum falcatum Lindl. is an endemic orchid of Mexico, with a discontinuous distribution in wild populations growing on limestone rocks. Anthropogenic activities and the demand of collectors have caused a decrease in the wild populations of this species. The objective of this work was to know the effect of two organic compounds on the in vitro propagation of E. falcatum. Seeds from an indehiscent capsule were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium modified to 50% of macronutrients and added with 100, 200 and 300 mL L-1 and g L-1 of coconut water or banana pulp. The organic compounds promoted germination of E. falcatum; the highest germination percentage was obtained with 100% coconut water. The control presented a greater number of leaves. However, treatments containing plantain significantly (p ≤ 0.01) stimulated the differentiation of the root system and aerial structures. This study represents a successful biotechnological method of in vitro propagation to obtain specimens of E. falcatum and thus counteract the exploitation of wild populations.

Resumen Epidendrum falcatum Lindl. es una orquídea endémica de México, con una distribución discontinua en poblaciones silvestres que crecen sobre rocas calizas. Las actividades antropogénicas y la demanda de coleccionistas han provocado una disminución en las poblaciones silvestres de esta especie. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer el efecto de dos compuestos orgánicos sobre la propagación in vitro de E. falcatum. Semillas provenientes de una cápsula indehiscente se cultivaron en medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) modificado a 50% de los macronutrientes y adicionado con 100, 200 y 300 mL L-1 y g L-1 de agua de coco o pulpa de plátano. Los compuestos orgánicos promovieron la germinación de E. falcatum; el mayor porcentaje de germinación se obtuvo con agua de coco a 100%. El control presentó mayor número de hojas. Sin embargo, los tratamientos que contenían plátano estimularon significativamente (p ≤ 0.05) la diferenciación del sistema radicular y de estructuras aéreas. Este estudio representa un método biotecnológico exitoso de propagación in vitro para la obtención de ejemplares de E. falcatum y así contrarrestar la explotación de las poblaciones silvestres.

ABSTRACT Background: Syphilis is associated with social and behavioral factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of syphilis and its associated risk factors among recyclable waste collectors in Central Brazil. Results: A lifetime syphilis prevalence rate of 7.91% (95% confidence interval: 5.25-11.75) was found among 278 participants. Low educational level, history of sexually transmitted infection, and age ≥ 36 years were associated with a high prevalence of lifetime syphilis. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the need for syphilis prevention, screening, and treatment among recyclable waste collectors, highlighting the potential for the spread of infection in vulnerable populations. Background Methods crosssectional cross sectional Brazil Results 791 7 91 7.91 95% 95 (95 interval 5.2511.75 5251175 5.25 11.75 5 25 11 75 5.25-11.75 27 participants level 3 Conclusions prevention screening populations 79 9 7.9 (9 2511 5.2511.7 525117 525 5.2 1175 11.7 2 1 5.25-11.7 7. ( 251 5.2511. 52511 52 5. 117 11. 5.25-11. 5.2511 5251 5.25-11 5.251 5.25-1 5.25-