Abstract In this article, the business diagnosis is addressed through a case study focused on Bioeko. The problem context is centered on the need to understand the factors affecting the achievement of an organization's strategic objectives. The aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of Bioeko, using an organizational diagnostic tool. The methodology adopted was based on a descriptive and inductive approach backed by a qualitative analysis. An organizational diagnostic tool was developed in Excel that allows the assessment of the organization in five key areas: strategy, finance, marketing, operations, and human resource management. This tool is complemented with specific automatic questionnaires and is based on various dimensions of analysis to evaluate and improve key areas of the company, including the current situation, forecasts, general diagnosis, and results. The study revealed that, despite having strengths in human capital management, Bioeko needs to improve its coordination, marketing, and financial administration to boost its competitiveness. In conclusion, it is argued that the implementation of diagnostic tools will drive continuous improvements in SMEs, promoting innovation and learning through a collaborative working environment. These efforts are fundamental for the growth and sustainable success of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Resumen En este artículo, se aborda el diagnóstico empresarial a través de un estudio de caso centrado en Bioeko. El contexto del problema se centra en la necesidad de comprender los factores que afectan al logro de los objetivos estratégicos de una organización. El objetivo del artículo es realizar un análisis exhaustivo de Bioeko, utilizando una herramienta de diagnóstico organizacional. La metodología adoptada se basó en un enfoque descriptivo e inductivo respaldado por un análisis cualitativo. Se desarrolló una herramienta de diagnóstico organizacional en Excel que permite evaluar la organización en cinco áreas clave: estrategia, finanzas, marketing, operaciones y gestión de recursos humanos. Esta herramienta se complementa con cuestionarios específicos automáticos y se basa en diversas dimensiones de análisis para evaluar y mejorar áreas clave de la empresa, incluyendo la situación actual, previsiones, diagnóstico general y resultados. El estudio reveló que, a pesar de contar con fortalezas en la gestión del capital humano, Bioeko necesita mejorar su coordinación, marketing y administración financiera para impulsar su competitividad. En conclusión, se sostiene que la implementación de herramientas de diagnóstico impulsará mejoras constantes en las Mipymes, fomentando la innovación y el aprendizaje a través de un entorno laboral colaborativo. Estos esfuerzos son fundamentales para el crecimiento y el éxito sostenible de las pequeñas y medianas empresas.

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a experiência de aprendizagem implementada em uma Plataforma de Experiências de Aprendizagem nos processos de formação continuada de pessoas incorporadas ao Colégio de Profissionais de Orientação, a partir do enfoque de aprendizagem ativa. Uma metodologia sócio-crítica e um design de investigação-ação participativa foram utilizados em um grupo de 13 colegiados. Foi realizado um design técnico-pedagógico através de suas etapas de diagnóstico, design, implementação e avaliação da expe- riência, é desenvolvido através de um curso incorporado à oferta do Programa de Desenvolvimento Profissional, que fortalece o tema na atenção socioemocional em ambientes educativos. Os resultados mostram que através da plataforma Perusall® são integradas características do enfoque de aprendizagem ativa. Dentre as conclusões, destacase a necessidade de desenvolver propostas focadas em ambientes de aprendizagem personalizados, verificando-se que a Plataforma de Experiências de Aprendizagem (LXP) é uma ferramenta inovadora no campo pedagógico e integradora de tecnologias recentes, bem como que o design de Conhecimento Técnico Pedagógico do Conteúdo (TPACK) favorece o planejamento estratégico e ágil no desenvolvimento de propostas didáticas, são identificadas características desejáveis para futuros processos de capacitação a partir do enfoque proposto como maiores espaços sócio-colaborativos, articulação teórico-prática com ambientes de trabalho e aprofundamento do pensamento crítico .

Resumen: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la experiencia de aprendizaje implementada en una plataforma de experiencias de aprendizaje en los procesos de capacitación continua de personas incorporadas al Colegio de Profesionales de Orientación, desde el enfoque de aprendizaje activo. Se utilizó una metodología sociocrítica y un diseño de investigación-acción participativa en un grupo de 13 personas colegiadas. Además, se llevó a cabo un diseño tecnopedagógico a través de sus etapas de diagnóstico, diseño, implementación y evaluaciónde la experiencia; el cual se desarrolla por medio de un curso incorporado a la oferta del Programa de Desarrollo Profesional, que fortalece el tema en atención socioemocional en entornos educativos. Los resultados muestran que, por medio de la plataforma Perusall®, se alcanza a integrar características del enfoque de aprendizaje activo. Entre las conclusiones, destacan la necesidad de elaborar propuestas centradas en los ambientes personalizados de aprendizaje; se encuentra que la plataforma de experiencias de aprendizaje (LXP) es una herramienta innovadora en el ámbito pedagógico e integradora de tecnologías recientes, así como que el diseño de conocimiento técnico pedagógico del contenido (TPACK) favorece una planificación estratégica y ágil en la elaboración de propuestas didácticas. Así mismo, se identifican características deseables para futuros procesos de capacitación a partir del enfoque propuesto, como mayores espacios sociocolaborativos, vinculación teórico- práctica con ambientes laborales y profundización del pensamiento crítico.

Abstract: This article analyzes the learning experience through the use of a learning experience platform for continuous training processes among members of the Association of Orientation Professionals. The study was conducted with 13 members of the association using a socio-critical methodology and a participatory re- search design. A technopedagogical design was elaborated based on the diagnostic, design, implementation and evaluation phases of the experience, and was developed through a course incorporated in the Professional Development Program that strengthens socioemotional attention in educational environments. The results show that the Perusall® platform is able to integrate characteristics of the active learning approach. The conclusions highlight the need to develop proposals focused on personalized learning environments, and the Learning Experiences Platform (LXP) is an innovative pedagogical tool that combines recent technologies. The design of Technical Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) favors strategic and agile planning in the elaboration of didactic proposals and identifies desirable characteristics for future training processes based on the proposed approach, such as greater socio-collaborative spaces, theoretical-practical link with work environments and deepening of critical thinking.

Resumo: Os agentes conversacionais (CAs) percorreram um longo caminho desde a sua primeira aparição na década de 1960. Os avanços tecnológicos contínuos, como a informática estatística e os grandes modelos de linguagem, estão a alcançar uma interação cada vez mais natural e sem esforço entre os seres humanos. O presente estudo realizou uma revisão bibliométrica sobre a utilização de chatbots no contexto educativo, compilando documentos científicos da base de dados Scopus. Os resultados destacam as lacunas de conhecimento na investigação; da mesma forma, múltiplas direções são evidentes para investigações futuras baseadas na aprendizagem colaborativa (collaborative learning), agentes conversacionais encarnados (embodied conversa- tional agents), agentes conversacionais pedagógicos (pedagogical conversational agents), processamento de linguagem natural (natural language processing) e agentes racionais (rational agents). A investigação contribui para a teoria científica sobre chatbots e a sua incidência na educação ao estabelecer uma revisão bibliométrica do tema e mostrar implicações práticas ao destacar oportunidades de investigação e lacunas de conhecimento.

Resumen: Los agentes conversacionales (CAs) han recorrido un largo camino desde su primera aparición en la década de 1960. Avances tecnológicos continuos, como la informática estadística y los grandes modelos del lenguaje, vienen logrando una interacción cada vez más natural y sin esfuerzo entre humanos. El presente estudio realizó una revisión bibliométrica sobre el uso de los chatbots en el contexto educativo, recopilando los documentos científicos de la base de datos Scopus. Los resultados destacan los vacíos de conocimiento de la investigación; asimismo, se evidencian múltiples direcciones para futuras investigaciones basadas en aprendizaje colaborativo (collaborative learning), agentes conversacionales encarnados (embodied conversational agents), agentes conversacionales pedagógicos (pedagogical conversational agents), procesamiento del lenguaje natural (natural language processing) y agentes racionales (rational agents). La investigación contribuye a la teoría científica sobre los chatbots y su incidencia en la educación al establecer un repaso bibliométrico del tema y mostrar implicaciones prácticas al resaltar las oportunidades de investigación y vacíos de conocimiento.

Abstract: Conversational agents (CAs) have come a long way since their first appearance in the 1960s. Ongoing technological advances, such as statistical computing and large-scale language models, have made human-to-human interaction increasingly natural and effortless. The present study conducted a bibliometric re- view of the use of chatbots in educational contexts by collecting scientific papers from the Scopus database. The results highlight the gaps in research knowledge and suggest several directions that can be taken for future research based on collaborative learning, embodied conversational agents, pedagogical conversational agents, natural language processing, and rational agents. The research contributes to the scientific theory of chatbots and their impact on education by providing a bibliometric review of the topic and shows practical implications by highlighting research opportunities and knowledge gaps.

Abstract The study will focus on diagnosing the problem of students in the Bachelor of Intercultural Bilingual Education at the Bolívar State University struggling with the use of collaborative tools. The study will take place between October 2023 and February 2024. It is crucial to bridge the digital divide and foster digital inclusion in multicultural and bilingual settings through the use of collaborative tools and interactive methodologies in the learning process. This will enable the implementation of educational strategies based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The study was conducted using a quantitative approach, with a validated survey using a Likert scale to gather data on students' perceptions of ICT, collaborative tools and interactive methodologies. Additionally, the bibliographic review employed the analytical synthesis method. The data was processed using IBM SPSS 25.0 to analyse student satisfaction with the interactive methodologies and collaborative tools employed in the educational process. The results demonstrated a predominantly positive perception of these methodologies and tools, as well as their perceived utility and effectiveness by the respondents. This will enable the development of new innovative learning strategies for diverse intercultural and bilingual environments.

Resumen El estudio se enfoca en diagnosticar la problemática relacionada con el manejo de herramientas colaborativas por parte de los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe en la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, durante el periodo de octubre de 2023 a febrero de 2024. Se destaca la importancia de cerrar la brecha digital y fomentar la inclusión digital en entornos interculturales y bilingües mediante el uso de herramientas colaborativas y metodologías interactivas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, con el fin de implementar estrategias educativas basadas en Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC). El estudio se realizó utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo, utilizando una encuesta validada por un experto con escala Likert para recopilar datos sobre la percepción de los estudiantes hacia las TIC, herramientas colaborativas y metodologías interactivas. Además, se empleó el método de análisis-síntesis en la revisión bibliográfica. Los datos recopilados fueron procesados a través de IBM SPSS 25.0 para analizar la satisfacción de los estudiantes con las metodologías interactivas y las herramientas colaborativas utilizadas en el proceso educativo. Los resultados revelaron una percepción mayoritariamente positiva hacia estas metodologías y herramientas, así como su utilidad y efectividad percibida por los encuestados, lo que nos permitirá construir nuevas estrategias innovadoras de aprendizaje para entornos interculturales y bilingües diversos.

Collaboration between different disciplines, sectors and society is essential to tackle contemporary sustainability problems. This paper integrates learnings and reflections from a series of workshops and interviews conducted in the Berg-Breede landscape that explored the challenges and enablers to long-term, researcher-practitioner partnerships. We found several, often entrenched and systemic, challenges to working collectively and equitably within complex landscape spaces. From conversations on solutions to these hurdles, we distilled out four key enablers of enduring collaboration, drawing on critical moments of learning and understanding and thinking about how the benefits and values of collaboration can be leveraged and amplified. Our work illuminates how supporting enduring collaborations can help bridge the research-implementation gap to facilitate more equitable and resilient multi-functional landscapes. SIGNIFICANCE: While sustainable and equitable management of landscapes can be improved through intentional efforts to build collaborative partnerships between researchers and practitioners, the longevity and endurance of these partnerships rely on several features, including shifts in the way researchers design and undertake their research, in the values and benefits that collaboration can deliver, and in how research findings are articulated and shared. Third spaces can play an important role in achieving these shifts and enhancing collaboration.

Research that directs the way stakeholders act and how they collaborate is essential when addressing complex environmental challenges in the field of sustainability science. For example, researchers attempting to manage Prosopis invasions through biological control in South Africa have historically faced challenges from stakeholders. In this study we illustrate the importance of stakeholder engagement and social learning by outlining the collaborative efforts of various stakeholders to promote effective, integrative and sustainable management of Prosopis invasions in the Northern Cape, South Africa. Through a community of practice approach, stakeholders worked together over the past half-decade in an attempt to develop a National Strategy for Prosopis management and improve its control. This strategy aimed not only to emphasise the need for integration of biomass use (aimed at offsetting the costs of mechanical clearing and necessary herbicide use) but also to underscore the significance of biocontrol alongside other management approaches. Stakeholders also identified that adequate farm-scale planning is necessary to provide a sense of purpose and assist in monitoring of progress. We worked alongside land managers and experts to develop such plans. The engagement of local champions played a crucial role in facilitating collaboration and learning among stakeholders, emphasising the significance of inclusive approaches in addressing complex sustainability challenges. In addition, we gained an understanding of how to develop the community of practice to enhance collaboration that ensures the implementation of plans to better manage Prosopis. Our findings underscore the necessity of meaningful stakeholder engagement and collaboration in effective invasive species management. By promoting understanding and involvement of diverse stakeholders, initiatives can have a greater impact in addressing broader sustainability issues. SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings highlight the fundamental role of stakeholder collaboration in addressing environmental challenges (e.g. biological invasions), promoting sustainability and fostering social learning. Collaboration facilitates exchange of knowledge, promotes social learning and allows stakeholders to make informed decisions when addressing sustainability issues. Collaborative approaches promote the effectiveness of a community of practice in managing Prosopis invasions in South Africa. Local champions played a pivotal role in facilitating collaboration, bridging communication gaps and promoting inclusive approaches. Sustained stakeholder engagement, transdisciplinary collaborations, effective biological control and market development for biomass products will be essential to improve the sustainable management Prosopis.

SUMMARY: The teaching of human anatomy plays a fundamental role for both students and health professionals; understanding the structure of the human body is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. In this context, this systematic review article focused on answering the following main question: What are the most effective methodological strategies for teaching human anatomy? To address this question, an exhaustive investigation was carried out involving the consultation of recognized databases such as Web of Science (Wos), PubMed and Scopus, covering the period from 2013 to 2023. It was concluded that effective teaching of human anatomy is achieved through various methodological strategies, including the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), practice in dissection laboratories, active learning methods, teacher training factors, evaluation of student performance and promotion of collaborative learning.

RESUMEN: La enseñanza de la anatomía humana desempeña un papel fundamental tanto para estudiantes como para profesionales del ámbito de la salud; comprender la estructura del cuerpo humano resulta esencial para realizar diagnósticos precisos y llevar a cabo tratamientos efectivos. En este contexto, el presente artículo de revisión sistemática se enfocó en responder a la siguiente pregunta principal: ¿Cuáles son las estrategias metodológicas más efectivas para la enseñanza de la anatomía humana?. Para abordar esta cuestión, se llevó a cabo una exhaustiva investigación que incluyó la consulta de bases de datos reconocidas como Web of Science (Wos), PubMed y Scopus, abarcando el periodo comprendido entre 2013 y 2023. Se concluyó que la enseñanza efectiva de la anatomía humana se alcanza a través de diversas estrategias metodológicas, entre las que se incluyen el uso de tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TICs), la realización de prácticas en laboratorios de disección, métodos de aprendizaje activo, factores de formación docente, la evaluación del desempeño estudiantil y la promoción del aprendizaje colaborativo.

Higher Education Institutions (HEI) play a significant role to unite diverse stakeholders and carry out planned learning activities that can promote change on both a personal and social level. Transformational research is dependent on the presence of an engaging and valuable problem that participants can make significant contributions in a collaborative manner across disciplines. Transformative learning process facilitates the integration of knowledge across several perspectives. This article explores the dynamic intersection of entrepreneurship and sustainability through the lens of a transformative action research approach in one's teaching practice. A qualitative action research approach is adopted. This research aims to enhance Sustainable Entrepreneurship (SE) as a facilitator at the University and also synthesize insights from lived experiences in Finland, Namibia, Kenya, and South Africa. This article advocates for a transformative paradigm shift, to drive meaningful impact, foster resilience, and catalyse positive change in the pursuit of navigating entrepreneurial sustainable business practices as a facilitator.

As Tecnologias de Empoderamento e Participação (TEP) constituem-se como ferramentas e plataformas digitais que facilitam o acesso à informação, a expressão de opiniões, a colaboração e a participação em decisões educacionais, políticas ou sociais. Estas tecnologias podem contribuir para promover a aprendizagem interativa e colaborativa no ensino da gestão gastronómica. Este artigo propõe um guia metodológico que utiliza o TEP como estratégia pedagógica no ensino de gestão gastronômica. Espera-se que este guia contribua significativamente para a formação integral dos futuros profissionais da gastronomia, preparando-os para enfrentar os desafios do setor com solidez e versatilidade. O estudo assumiu uma abordagem metodológica mista, foi aplicada uma revisão de literatura para identificar estratégias aplicáveis, seguida do desenvolvimento de um guia metodológico. Em seguida, o guia foi avaliado pelo método Delphi, através de um inquérito a um painel de 6 especialistas para garantir a sua relevância e eficácia no contexto educativo. Nos resultados, o guia integrou métodos pedagógicos inovadores e tecnologias emergentes para desenvolver competências-chave na gestão gastronómica. Além disso, a avaliação de peritos apoiou a sua credibilidade e potencial para melhorar o ensino nesta área.

Las Tecnologías del Empoderamiento y Participación (TEP) se conforman como herramientas y plataformas digitales que facilitan el acceso a información, la expresión de opiniones, la colaboración y la participación en decisiones educativas, políticas o sociales. Estas tecnologías pueden contribuir a que, en la enseñanza de la gestión gastronómica, se promueva un aprendizaje interactivo y colaborativo. Este artículo propone una guía metodológica que utiliza las TEP como estrategia pedagógica en la enseñanza de la gestión gastronómica. Se espera que esta guía contribuya significativamente a la formación integral de futuros profesionales de la gastronomía, al prepararlos para enfrentar los desafíos del sector con solidez y versatilidad. El estudio asumió un enfoque metodológico mixto, se aplicó una revisión bibliográfica para identificar estrategias aplicables, seguida del desarrollo de una guía metodológica. Luego, se evaluó la guía mediante el método Delphi, a través de una encuesta a un panel de 6 expertos para asegurar su pertinencia y eficacia en el contexto educativo. En los resultados, la guía integró métodos pedagógicos innovadores y tecnologías emergentes para desarrollar competencias clave en gestión gastronómica. Además, la evaluación de expertos respaldó su credibilidad y potencial para mejorar la enseñanza en este campo.

Empowerment and Participation Technologies (PET) are digital tools and platforms that facilitate access to information, the expression of opinions, collaboration, and participation in educational, political, or social decisions. These technologies can contribute to the promotion of interactive and collaborative learning in the teaching of gastronomy management. This article proposes a methodological guide that uses PET as a pedagogical strategy in teaching gastronomic management. This guide is expected to contribute significantly to the integral formation of future gastronomy professionals, preparing them to face the sector's challenges with solidity and versatility. The study assumed a mixed methodological approach; a literature review was applied to identify applicable strategies, followed by developing a methodological guide. The guide was then evaluated using the Delphi method through a survey of a panel of 6 experts to ensure its relevance and effectiveness in the educational context. The results of the guide integrated innovative pedagogical methods and emerging technologies to develop critical competencies in gastronomy management. In addition, the expert evaluation endorsed its credibility and potential to improve teaching in this field.

BACKGROUND: The obstetrics clinical learning environment is complex and often not conducive to learning. Understanding the priority clinical learning needs of students with experience in this setting is essential for designing effective educational interventions to optimise clinical learning OBJECTIVE: To describe the priority obstetrics-related clinical learning needs of undergraduate medical students informed by their experience of the clinical learning environment METHODS: A multigroup nominal group technique (NGT) was applied to a purposively sampled group of medical students who had experienced obstetrics-related clinical placements in facilities at various levels of care, from primary to tertiary. Individual group priorities were further integrated into themes RESULTS: Seven priorities emerged: (i) perinatal procedural skills, (ii) teaching approaches to obstetrics, (iii) pregnancy-related screening and complications, (iv) postnatal support for women, (v) interprofessional and gender roles, (vi) orientation to patient care and the clinical environment, and (vii) psychological preparation of students CONCLUSION: Educational interventions to optimise the obstetrics clinical learning environment must consider students' priorities. These priorities extend beyond procedural skills and include collaborative practice and psychological preparation

RESUMEN La gestión estratégica del desarrollo local en Cuba demanda el fortalecimiento del papel de la ciencia y la innovación en la búsqueda de soluciones creativas a problemas que surgen en las localidades, por lo que la preparación sistemática y el aprendizaje de las personas es una prioridad. En este propósito de creación de capacidades locales, la Educación Superior juega un rol determinante. Con estos fines, la Red: “Gestión Universitaria del conocimiento y la innovación para el desarrollo” del Ministerio de Educación Superior implementa un proyecto de desarrollo local bajo la coordinación de la Universidad de Pinar del Río, en el que participan varias universidades vinculadas a la Red Académica. El objetivo general del presente trabajo consiste en socializar la metodología elaborada para evaluar los impactos generados del proceso de creación de capacidades para el desarrollo local como resultado del proyecto implementado. Se utilizaron un conjunto de técnicas asociadas a métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Destacan: la revisión y análisis bibliográfico, el cuestionario, la entrevista, el análisis documental, la observación directa, el método Delphi y el procesamiento de datos con Microsoft Excel. Como resultado de la implementación de la metodología se pueden disponer de los impactos generados por las actividades de creación de capacidades desarrollas, las lecciones aprendidas y las mejores prácticas a sistematizar. Además, esta metodología tiene el potencial de usarse posteriormente para desarrollar trabajos colaborativos de socialización y evaluación de impactos en el proceso de creación de capacidades locales en el marco de otros proyectos con enfoque de desarrollo local.

ABSTRACT The strategic management of local development in Cuba demands the strengthening of the role of science and innovation in the search for creative solutions to problems that arise in localities, so the systematic preparation and learning of people is a priority. In this purpose of creating local capacities, Higher Education plays a determining role. For these purposes, the Network: “University Management of Knowledge and Innovation for Development” of the Ministry of Higher Education implements a local development project under the coordination of the University of Pinar del Río, in which several universities linked to the Academic Network. The general objective of this paper is to socialize the methodology developed to evaluate the impacts generated by the process of creating capacities for local development as a result of the implemented project. A set of techniques associated with qualitative and quantitative methods were used. They stand out: bibliographic review and analysis, questionnaire, interview, documentary analysis, direct observation, the Delphi method and data processing with Microsoft Excel. As a result of the implementation of the methodology, the impacts generated by the capacity-building activities carried out, the lessons learned and the best practices to be systematized, can be obtained. Furthermore, this methodology will have the potential to be used later to develop collaborative work on socialization and impact evaluation in the process of creating local capacities within the framework of other projects with a local development focus.

RESUMO A pandemia de covid-19 revelou múltiplas dimensões da crise civilizatória e ecológica, destacando a falência do modelo de desenvolvimento capitalista hegemônico e a injusta concentração de riqueza global, gerando profundas desigualdades sociais. No nível local, a campanha ‘Cuidar é Resistir’ demonstrou que populações tradicionais podem oferecer respostas promissoras para o futuro. Por meio da coordenação de diversas ações, como arrecadação e distribuição de alimentos, compra de produtos locais e comunicação efetiva, essa campanha promoveu segurança sanitária, econômica e alimentar, além de reduzir desigualdades e pressões socioambientais. A participação das organizações da sociedade civil, das instituições públicas e do Sistema Único de Saúde foi fundamental nesse processo. A experiência da campanha sugere que o futuro diante da pandemia e da crise climática pode ser encontrado nos modos de vida das comunidades tradicionais, que podem inspirar novas formas de habitar o planeta, promovendo uma relação sustentável e solidária entre seres humanos e natureza. Ao aprender com o modo de vida tradicional e combinar suas práticas com as dimensões positivas do pensamento científico e tecnopolítico, baseado em abordagens solidárias e conhecimento colaborativo, é possível utilizar estratégias de governança viva para promover o Bem Viver. covid19 covid 19 covid-1 ecológica global sociais local Cuidar Resistir ações alimentos efetiva sanitária alimentar socioambientais civil processo planeta natureza tecnopolítico colaborativo Viver covid1 1 covid-

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed multiple dimensions of the civilizational and ecological crisis, highlighting the failure of the dominant capitalist development model and the unjust global concentration of wealth, resulting in profound social inequalities. At the local level, the ‘Cuidar é Resistir’ campaign has demonstrated that traditional populations can offer promising responses for the future. Through the coordination of various actions, such as food collection and distribution, support for local products, and effective communication, this campaign has promoted sanitary, economic, and food security, while reducing social and environmental pressures. The participation of civil society organizations, public institutions, and the Unified Health System has been crucial in this process. The campaign’s experience suggests that the future in the face of the pandemic and the climate crisis can be found in the ways of life of traditional communities, which can inspire new ways of inhabiting the planet, promoting a sustainable and compassionate relationship between humans and nature. By learning from traditional ways of life and combining their practices with the positive dimensions of scientific and technopolitical thinking, based on solidarity and collaborative knowledge, it is possible to employ strategies of living governance to promote the ‘Buen Vivir’ (Good Living) paradigm. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 wealth inequalities level Cuidar Resistir actions distribution products communication sanitary economic security pressures organizations institutions process campaigns s communities planet nature thinking knowledge Buen Vivir Good Living paradigm COVID1 1 COVID-

RESUMEN: El estudio de la anatomía humana como asignatura básica tiene el desafío de promover el desarrollo de competencias genéricas en los estudiantes. Tal es el caso del trabajo colaborativo, trascendental en el trabajo en salud. Así, aparece aula invertida cuyo esquema desarrolla actividades de trabajo en equipo. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el impacto de aula invertida sobre el trabajo colaborativo en la enseñanza de la anatomía. Estudio cuantitativo, transversal, no experimental que involucró la implementación de aula invertida en un curso de Terapia Ocupacional de 2023. A partir de 5 sesiones planificadas se desarrollaron trabajos en 6 grupos; incluyeron síntesis de contenido y casos clínicos. Al cerrar el semestre se determinó un promedio de calificaciones (PC), junto a una autoevaluación (AE) y coevaluación (CE) que midió trabajo colaborativo mediante 3 subcompetencias (SC1-SC3) (escala 1,0 a 7,0). Se aplicaron pruebas estadísticas para determinar diferencias entre de SC1-SC3 según AE y CE, por grupos y si existe relación con PC. La prueba de U de Mann Whitney no arrojó diferencias entre AE y CE. La prueba de Friedman no evidenció diferencias entre SC1-SC3. La prueba H de Kruskal-Wallis halló diferencias de las subcompetencias según grupos; SC1 podrían influir en el PC, SC2 registra diferencias en el grupo G1 y G5, y “gestión de conflictos” (SC3) no difiere de forma destacada entre los grupos. La correlación de Spearman presenta una asociación positiva débil entre las subcompetencias y PC, aunque el valor-p no fue significativo. Es sumamente necesario potenciar el trabajo colaborativo en el inicio del pregrado. Anatomía humana, en este contexto, tiene la oportunidad de promover su desarrollo. Ello puede generarse en el marco de aula invertida, cuyo esquema promueve actividades de trabajo colaborativo, y como es sabido, en el rendimiento académico.

SUMMARY: As a basic subject, the study of human anatomy challenges the development of generic skills in students. Such is the case of collaborative work which is transcendental in the areas of healthcare work. Consequently, an inverted classroom is developed wherein teamwork activities are developed. The objective of this work is to analyze the impact of the flipped classroom on collaborative work in teaching anatomy. A quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental study that involved the implementation of a flipped classroom in an Occupational Therapy course in 2023 was applied. From 5 planned sessions, work was developed in 6 groups; they included content synthesis and clinical cases. At the end of the semester, a grade average (GA) was determined, along with a self-assessment (SA) and co-assessment (CA) measuring collaborative work through 3 sub competences (SC1-SC3) (scale 1.0 to 7.0). Statistical tests were applied to determine differences between SC1-SC3 according to SA and CA, by groups and if there is a relationship with GA. The Mann Whitney U test did not show differences between SA and CA. The Friedman test did not show differences between SC1-SC3. The Kruskal-Wallis H test found differences in sub competences according to groups; SC1 could influence GA, SC2 records differences in group G1 and G5, and “conflict management” (SC3) does not differ significantly between the groups. The Spearman correlation presented a weak positive association between the sub competences and GA, although the p-value was not significant. It is extremely necessary to promote collaborative work at the beginning of the undergraduate degree. In this context, human anatomy is an opportunity to promote its development. This can be generated within the framework of the inverted classroom promoting collaborative work activities, and academic performance as well.

Resumen Este texto reflexiona sobre el uso de abordajes metodológicos colaborativos en proyectos de extensión específicos en el área de la comunicación, más específicamente para la comunicación estratégica en contextos de desastres socioambientales. Para ello, aborda las acciones del proyecto de extensión de la carrera de Relaciones Públicas de la Universidad Federal de Alagoas, Brasil, el Laboratorio de Comunicación Colaborativa. Se parte de una comprensión de la extensión universitaria como el intercambio de conocimientos —académicos y populares— que resulta en la democratización del conocimiento, la participación efectiva de la comunidad en las actividades universitarias y una producción resultante de enfrentarse con la realidad. Se sostiene que los procesos colaborativos, distintos de los cooperativos, generan aprendizajes para todos los involucrados, allanan el camino para la apropiación de acciones, lenguajes y tecnologías, además de posibilitar la problematización colectiva de cuestiones sociales.

Abstract This paper discusses the use of collaborative methodological approaches in university extension projects in the area of communication, more specifically for strategic communication in contexts of socio-environmental disasters. To this end, see the actions of the extension project for the Public Relations course at the Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil, the Collaborative Communication Laboratory. It starts from an understanding of university extension as the exchange of knowledge —academic and popular— resulting in the democratization of knowledge, the effective participation of the community in the university’s activities and a production resulting from the confrontation with reality. It is argued that collaborative processes, which are distinct from cooperatives, generate learning for everyone involved, paving the way for the appropriation of actions, languages and technologies, in addition to enabling collective problematization of social issues.

Resumo O presente texto faz uma reflexão sobre a utilização de abordagens metodológicas colaborativas em projetos de extensão voltados para a área da comunicação, mais especificamente para a comunicação estratégica em contextos de desastres socioambientais. Para tanto, olha para as ações do projeto de extensão do curso de Relações Públicas da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Brasil, o Laboratório Colaborativo de Comunicação. Parte-se de uma compreensão de extensão universitária como a troca de saberes –acadêmico e popular– tendo como consequência a democratização do conhecimento, a participação efetiva da comunidade na atuação da universidade e uma produção resultante do confronto com a realidade. Defende-se que os processos colaborativos, que são distintos dos cooperativos, geram aprendizados para todos os envolvidos, abrindo caminho para a apropriação dos fazeres, linguagens e tecnologias, além de possibilitar problematizações coletivas das questões sociais.

Abstract: The teaching approach adopted by teacher educators influences the learning experiences of future teachers. To advance in a better understanding of this phenomenon, it is essential to begin investigating how teacher educators and their student teachers configure this process within the classroom, delving into the exchanges they establish. This study analyzed the discursive practices and pedagogical interactions of three mathematics educators who taught classes in this disciplinary and didactic area to students in a primary teacher education program. Each educator was video-recorded during four classes, which were analyzed through systematic observation. The obtained results were complemented with qualitative analysis of some transcribed class segments to explore the teacher educator’s communicative approach and the type of questions that student teachers asked during the classes. The findings show that the three educators predominantly exhibit different communicative approaches, ranging from less interactive and authoritarian to more dialogic and interactive. Furthermore, it was found that mathematics teacher educators prioritize teaching content, student teachers participate by answering the questions asked by the teacher educator, and there are few opportunities to develop discussion among the student teachers themselves. Teacher educators’ questions are generally less interactive and authoritative at the initial levels and more dialogic at higher levels, while students in initial courses ask more clarifying and in-depth questions, in contrast to those in advanced courses, who focus on clarifying specific doubts. Among others, the challenge of increasing opportunities for interaction between students, promoting the use of clarifying and in-depth questions, and encouraging reflection and collaborative work between teacher educators is discussed.

Resumen: La modalidad de enseñanza que adoptan los formadores influye en el aprendizaje de la enseñanza en los profesores en formación. Para avanzar en una mejor comprensión de este fenómeno, es fundamental comenzar a investigar cómo los formadores y sus estudiantes de pedagogía configuran este proceso dentro del aula, profundizando en los intercambios que establecen. Este estudio analizó las prácticas discursivas e interacciones pedagógicas de tres formadores de matemáticas de una carrera de Pedagogía en Enseñanza Básica. A cada formador se le videograbaron cuatro clases, las cuales fueron analizadas mediante observación sistemática. Los resultados obtenidos se complementaron con análisis cualitativos de algunos segmentos transcritos de las clases, para explorar el enfoque comunicativo del formador y el tipo de pregunta que los estudiantes en formación realizaban durante las clases. También, estos resultados dan cuenta de que en los tres formadores predominan distintos enfoques comunicativos, los cuales varían de poco interactivos y autoritarios a más dialógicos e interactivos. Además, se encontró que los formadores tienden a priorizar la enseñanza de contenidos, los estudiantes participan respondiendo las preguntas que el formador realiza y escasamente se incentiva el desarrollo de espacios de discusión entre estudiantes. Las preguntas de los formadores son generalmente poco interactivas y autoritarias en los niveles iniciales y más dialógicas en niveles superiores, mientras que los estudiantes de cursos iniciales hacen preguntas más aclaratorias y de profundización, en contraste con los de cursos avanzados, que se centran en aclarar dudas específicas. Entre otros, se discute el desafío de incrementar las oportunidades de interacción entre estudiantes, promover el uso de preguntas aclaratorias y de profundización, y fomentar la reflexión y el trabajo colaborativo entre formadores.