Abstract: This study examines the current composition of the energy matrix in Colombia, encompassing its legal framework, configuration, impacts, and future projections. This research, based on a systematic literature review, bibliometric analysis, and text mining, reveals that hydroelectric power is the primary source of clean energy. Fossil fuels, although essential for energy availability in the territory, generate the largest carbon footprint, representing a significant environmental challenge. Despite legal efforts and projections towards clean energy, limitations persist in infrastructure, technology, and social acceptance towards energy production projects. The transition to a sustainable energy system requires overcoming these technical, regulatory, and social barriers while integrating legal, environmental, social, and technological aspects into planning to meet the goals of the current matrix's energy transition, which presents a complex landscape that demands comprehensive strategies for a sustainable energy future.

Resumen: Este estudio analiza la composición actual de la matriz energética en Colombia, abarcando su marco legal, configuración, impactos y proyecciones futuras. La investigación, basada en una revisión sistemática de literatura, análisis bibliométrico y minería de texto, revela que las hidroeléctricas son la principal fuente de energía limpia. Los combustibles fósiles, si bien esenciales para la disponibilidad energética en el territorio, generan la mayor huella de carbono, lo que representa un desafío ambiental significativo. A pesar de los esfuerzos legales y las proyecciones hacia energías limpias, persisten limitaciones en infraestructura, tecnología y aceptación social hacia proyectos de producción energética. La transición hacia un sistema energético sostenible requiere superar estas barreras técnicas, regulatorias y sociales, integrando aspectos legales, ambientales, sociales y tecnológicos en la planificación para cumplir con los objetivos de la transición energética de la matriz actual, la cual presenta un panorama complejo que exige estrategias integrales para un futuro energético sostenible.

Abstract: Environmental pollution from transportation has been a fundamental challenge for humanity throughout history, with conventional fuels contributing significantly to environmental degradation. This project seeks to suppress pollution and reduce noise generated by motorcycle taxis, whether for personal and/or private use. The main objective of the research work was to implement an electrolyzer in the combustion system of a motorcycle taxi to suppress environmental pollution and reduce noise. Methods included vehicle preparation, electrolyzer installation, battery adjustment, hydrogen generation, emissions measurement, safety, and data collection. As a result, the electrolyzer was implemented in the single-cylinder motorcycle taxi; The noise limit allowed at work in Peru is 85 dB, which is equivalent to 100 % noise at most; When using gasoline, a value of 76.4 dB was obtained, equivalent to 89.88 % noise, and when using hydrogen, a value of 71.7 dB was obtained, equivalent to 84.35 % noise, therefore, the total noise reduction was 4.70 dB (5.53 %) than established. The discussion highlighted that hydrogen is a clean fuel, with zero emissions and only emitting water vapor instead of polluting gases (5). The conclusion highlights the critical importance of the research, supported by the total reduction of 5.53 % of noise with this new technology and in turn external sources support that using hydrogen produced a smoother and quieter combustion; Regarding the useful life of the engine, due to the cleaner and more efficient combustion, the accumulation of waste was reduced, which benefits reducing the wear of internal components and the need for costly maintenance.

Resumen: La contaminación ambiental derivada del transporte ha sido un desafío fundamental para la humanidad a lo largo de la historia, con los combustibles convencionales contribuyendo significativamente a la degradación ambiental. Este proyecto busca suprimir la contaminación y reducir el ruido generada por mototaxis, ya sean de uso personal y/o privado. El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo principal implementar un electrolizador en el sistema de combustión de un mototaxi para suprimir la contaminación ambiental y reducir el ruido. Los métodos incluyeron la preparación del vehículo, instalación del electrolizador, ajuste de la batería, generación de hidrógeno, medición de emisiones, seguridad y recolección de datos. Como resultado, se logró implementar el electrolizador en el mototaxi monocilíndrico; el límite de ruido permitido en el trabajo en el Perú es de 85 dB, que equivalen el 100 % de ruido como máximo; al utilizar gasolina se obtuvo un valor de 76.4 dB equivalentes a 89.88 % de ruido y al usar hidrógeno se obtuvo un valor de 71.7 dB siendo el 84.35 % de ruido, por lo tanto, la reducción total de ruido fue de 4.70 dB (5.53%) de lo establecido. La discusión destacó que el hidrógeno es un combustible limpio, con nulas emisiones y solo emitiendo vapor de agua en vez de gases contaminantes (5). La conclusión subraya la importancia crítica de la investigación, respaldada por la reducción total del 5.53 % de ruido con esta nueva tecnología y a su vez fuentes externas apoyan, que el utilizar hidrógeno produjo una combustión más suave y silenciosa. En cuanto a la vida útil del motor, la combustión más limpia y eficiente reduce la acumulación de residuos, lo que disminuye el desgaste de los componentes internos y la necesidad de mantenimientos costosos.

Resumen Las ciudades propician un alto impacto ambiental en el sitio y en el entorno por sus requerimientos energéticos. En este artículo analizamos la implementación de la tecnología solar fotovoltaica (PV) como alternativa de autoaprovisionamiento energético limpio en un sector de uso mixto-residencial en la ciudad ecuatorial andina de Cuenca, Ecuador. A partir de las demandas energéticas de las edificaciones de la zona seleccionada, a través de LiDAR se identifican techumbres que, por su geometría, orientación o emplazamiento, son adecuadas para la instalación de paneles PV. Se obtienen consumos energéticos reales y, usando el software SAM con datos climáticos locales, se simula la capacidad de autoabastecimiento con la integración de PVs para alcanzar la neutralidad energética en cada inmueble. Se determina la generación eléctrica conjunta y se establece que la demanda energética puede ser cubierta en un 94,88%, con la instalación de 427 placas PV de 335 Wp distribuidas en 29 predios y con requerimiento de ocupación espacial de 11,95% de las cubiertas disponibles. Finalmente, se concluye que por espacio en techumbres se puede autoabastecer la totalidad de la demanda eléctrica, siendo incluso esta una alternativa para cubrir demandas alternativas como cocción y transporte que actualmente se solventan con combustibles fósiles.

Abstract Cities have a high environmental impact on both the site and the surrounding area due to their energy requirements. In this article, we analyze the implementation of photovoltaic (PV) solar technology as a clean energy self-supply alternative in a mixed-residential sector in the Andean equatorial city of Cuenca, Ecuador. Based on the energy demands of the buildings in the selected area, LiDAR is used to identify rooftops that, due to their geometry, orientation, or location, are suitable for PV panel installation. Real energy consumption data is collected, and using SAM software with local climate data, the self-sufficiency capacity is simulated with the integration of PVs to achieve energy neutrality in each property. The combined electrical generation is determined and it is established that the energy demand can be met by 94.88%, with the installation of 427 PV panels of 335 Wp distributed across 29 properties and with a spatial occupation requirement of 11.95% of the available roofs. It is concluded that the entire electrical demand can be self-supplied through rooftop space, and this could even serve as an alternative to meet other demands such as cooking and transportation that are currently met with fossil fuels.

The need for sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources is very important if future generations are to be spared of the misdoings of past generations. Climate change, environmental pollution, radiation pollution, and altering of the balanced ecology of the green planet earth is now a significant challenge, because if not mitigated, some island nations will disappear in the future, due to human activities energized by unsustainable fossil fuels. Based on these facts, Germany has taken concrete and important steps to stem the tide of this ill wind by embracing the Green Hydrogen system. This is more obvious in the transport system that produces more than 40% of Green House Gases in Europe. Because Germany is an industrialized European nation, the government has introduced Green Hydrogen for transportation in accordance with European Union energy policy. Therefore, this paper provides a clear, concise analysis and implementation of Green Hydrogen energy in the smart energy system. The paper presents Green Hydrogen analysis in transportation in four sections, namely, Geographical, Chemical, social, and economic aspects, respectively. The last section of this paper is the discussion of results from cost/feasibility analysis, which shows that although the expected or forecasted GH cost is US$7.11per kg from 2020 to 2050, the current growth in the green hydrogen infrastructure and technology, reduced the overall cost of GH in 2020 to $1.60/kg. An erudite conclusion and recommendations are made at the end of this research.

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the combined use of ultrasound (US) and incorporation of micronized salt (MS) as a strategy for reducing sodium without affecting the quality of beef burgers. Ten treatments were manufactured with varying MS content (0.75 %, 1.0 %, and 1.5 %) and ultrasound time (0, 5, and 10 min), with a control treatment manufactured at 1.5 % of regular salt without ultrasound. The beef burgers formulated with 0.75 % MS submitted to the US for 10 min (M0.75US10) reduced the salt content by 50 %, thereby efficiently maintaining texture profile (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness) and decreasing the cooking loss and diameter reduction compared to the control treatment. M0.75US10 treatment also preserved the color of samples after cooking, keeping myoglobin stable. Therefore, micronized salt coupled with ultrasound technology reduces sodium chloride content in beef burgers, enabling the application of clean technology to reduce sodium content in meat products efficiently. (US (MS 075 0 75 (0.7 1 1. 15 5 0, (0 min, , min) 0.7 M075US10 MUS M0 75US10 M (M0.75US10 hardness, hardness (hardness springiness cohesiveness chewiness M0.75US1 stable Therefore 07 7 (0. ( 0. M075US1 75US1 (M0.75US1 M0.75US M075US 75US (M0.75US

Abstract Exploring the natural complementarity that exists between renewables is pivotal for optimizing clean electricity generation. Quantifying this complementarity can enhance electrical planning, reducing waste of natural resources and guiding investment decisions more effectively. To quantify the complementarity existing in Brazilian river basins, a methodology was proposed. Data on influent natural energy, irradiance, and wind speed are analyzed using Python. Through a comprehensive process, the most suitable correlation coefficient is identified. The subsequent calculation of coefficients for specific source combinations and periods, as well as the application of the Innovative Trend Analysis methodology, allow an understanding of the existing complementarity dynamics. The methodology was applied to the Capivari River basin, located in the state of Paraná, which included a monthly analysis of complementarity between hydraulic generation with wind and photovoltaic sources from June 2016 to April 2024. There was no discrepancy in the interpretations of the results obtained for Spearman’s Rho and Kendall's Tau, although the magnitude of Kendall's Tau is, on average, 30% lower for the combination of photovoltaic and hydraulic and 49% for the combination of wind and hydraulic. The combination of wind and hydraulics exhibited seasonal complementarity, demonstrating lesser advantages compared to photovoltaic generation, with around 61% of the acquired values of Spearman’s Rho being negative, approximately 28% of which were negligible. This percentage is lower than the over 82% of negative values observed for the photovoltaic and hydraulic combination, of which 12% are negligible. The results are consistent with the literature and validate the proposed methodology. planning effectively basins energy irradiance Python process identified periods dynamics basin Paraná 201 2024 Spearmans Spearman s Kendalls Kendall average 30 49 61 28 negligible 82 12 20 202 3 4 6 2 8 1

Abstract Emerging markets comprise different healthy food products, such as functional foods including grains, fruits, and vegetables; foods for people with dietary restrictions; foods with clean labels, plant-based and organic ingredients, as well as ingredient options to replace sodium, sugars, fats, as well as alternatives to synthetic nitrite. The variety of ingredients with potential applications in these products raises relevant safety issues due to the lack of studies about possible biological contaminants, and nutritional, chemical, microbiological and allergen concerns. Besides, certain ingredients may present the potential for allergenicity, intolerance, or other immunological reactions, such as celiac disease. Derivatives of alternative plant-based proteins are examples of these risks and should be assessed for their allergenic potential and specific microbial load. Food safety refers to risk management, based on control measures established throughout the production chain, not limited to quality tests on the final product. This review addresses the main categories of food recognized as healthy by consumers, from a food safety point of view, pointing out the potential risks and management alternatives available for this new market of clean label products. grains fruits vegetables restrictions labels plantbased plant sodium sugars fats nitrite contaminants nutritional chemical concerns Besides allergenicity intolerance reactions disease load chain product consumers view

Abstract Distributed generation (DG) is the generation of electricity, mostly photovoltaic, close to consumption centers by individual users in residences or companies, whose main objective is self-consumption. It is considered disruptive by breaking with the paradigm of centralized generation. The objective of this study was to analyse the trend, benefits and challenges that the penetration of this technology in Mexico implies for the public administration. A study with a quantitative approach, based on empirical data published by international organizations and the Mexican government, with the study subjects being the country and its 32 States. A significant penetration of DG was found in Mexico where it has had a compound annual growth rate of 45% in recent years, reaching an installed capacity of around 3 GW. Its geographical distribution in Mexico is heterogeneous and depends on the economic level of the State. The contribution that DG makes to the energy transition is important in environmental terms, it represents a saving of more than one million tons of CO2 per year and in economic terms a significant saving for the public administration in the area of electrical energy generation. The Mexican public administration faces a double challenge: on the one hand, stimulating DG to increase the generation of clean energy to comply with international commitments and on the other, achieving the flexibility required by the National Electric System for the integration of intermittent clean energies. such as photovoltaics.

Resumen La generación distribuida (GD) es la producción de electricidad, mayoritariamente fotovoltaica, en cercanía a los centros de consumo por usuarios individuales en residencias o empresas, cuyo principal objetivo es el autoconsumo; se considera disruptiva al romper con el paradigma de la generación centralizada. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la tendencia, los beneficios y los retos que implica a la administración pública la penetración esta tecnología en México. Es un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, basado en datos empíricos publicados por organismos internacionales y el gobierno mexicano, cuyos sujetos de estudio fueron el país y sus 32 entidades federativas. Se encontró una importante penetración de la GD en México, con una tasa de crecimiento anual compuesta de 45% en los últimos años, alcanzando una capacidad instalada del orden de 3 GW. Su distribución geográfica en México es heterogénea y se encuentra en función del nivel económico del Estado. La aportación de la GD a la transición energética es importante en el tema ambiental, representa un ahorro superior a un millón de toneladas de CO2 por año y en términos económicos un ahorro importante para la administración pública en el rubro de generación de energía eléctrica. La administración pública mexicana se enfrenta a un doble reto: por una parte, estimular la GD para incrementar la generación de energía limpia para cumplir con los compromisos internacionales y, por otra, lograr la flexibilidad que requiere el sistema eléctrico nacional para la integración de energías limpias intermitentes, como la fotovoltaica.

Abstract Applications of formulations that incorporate emulsified oils offer interesting prospects for producing foods with better characteristics that are in line with the new trends in healthy eating and the new regulations on nutritional claims. This review defines and classifies the types of emulsions according to their drop size, formulation and analyzes the latest research related to the application of emulsions in the food industry. It presents valuable information on the use of micro, nano and macro emulsions for the preparation of meat, dairy and vegetable products as a potential alternative in the transport of bioactive compounds, reformulations with better lipid profiles and substitution ingredients of meat origin by ingredients of plant origin, obtaining foods with acceptable functional and sensory properties. New advances in the emulsion industry open up great possibilities in the delivery of health products, however, there are still limitations in the use of ingredients of plant origin in products formulated in considerable percentages with ingredients of animal origin. There are opportunities to improve the technology of food emulsion, the application at an industrial level is a step that is being taken little by little in congruence with the economic viability of the use of vegetable oils in the reformulation and the demand of current consumers for delivery of products with a clean label. It is suggested to study the economic feasibility of the industrial application of the use of single and double emulsion systems as a substitute ingredient for animal fats.

The reaction of metal hexafluoroacetylacetonato [MII(hfac)2, M = Cu, Mn] with the stable nitronyl nitroxide 2-(3-isobutyl-pyrazole)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (L), resulted in one dimensional zig-zag chain systems [{Cu(hfac)2}2L2]n and [CuMn(hfac)4L2]n. The main feature inherent in the nature of [{Cu(hfac)2}2L2]n single crystals is their ability to undergo reversible structural rearrangements with temperature variation, accompanied by anomalies of magnetism. The value of χmT shown strongly antiferromagnetic at low temperature and becomes ferromagnetic when the temperature increases. And the heteronuclear complex [CuMn(hfac)4L2]n shows antiferromagnetic interactions between manganese and nitronyl nitroxide. MIIhfac2, MIIhfac2 MIIhfac MII hfac 2, 2 [MII(hfac)2 Cu Mn 23isobutylpyrazole4,4,5,5tetramethylimidazoline1oxyl3oxide 23isobutylpyrazole4455tetramethylimidazoline1oxyl3oxide isobutylpyrazoletetramethylimidazolineoxyloxide 3 isobutyl pyrazole 4,4,5,5 tetramethylimidazoline 1 oxyl oxide 4 5 L, L , (L) zigzag zig zag Cuhfac22L2n CuhfacLn 2L2 n CuMnhfac4L2n. CuMnhfac4L2n CuMnhfacLn CuMn 4L2 n. variation magnetism increases [MII(hfac) 23isobutylpyrazole4 5tetramethylimidazoline1oxyl3oxide isobutylpyrazole 4455 4,4,5, (L Cuhfac 2L CuMnhfac 4L [MII(hfac 23isobutylpyrazole tetramethylimidazolineoxyloxide 445 4,4,5 44 4,4, 4,4 4,

Abstract The Photo Fenton process is an alternative process for the treatment of effluents from the textile industry, being a reagent-based chemical on Fe2+ and H2O2 + UV light, whose mechanism consists of oxidizing the pollutants until they are suitable for discharge into bodies of water. This research seeks to determine the optimum concentration of Fe2+ - H2O2 in the treatment of a synthetic textile effluent and, subsequently, to evaluate the efficiency of the system. The synthetic textile effluent was prepared under laboratory conditions, FeSO4 and H2O2 were added at different concentrations, with exposure to UV-A light throughout the process, and it was determined that the optimum concentration of the Photo Fenton reagent was 400 mg L-1 of FeSO4 and 12 ml L-1 of H2O2, a dosage that reduced initial turbidity, color, and COD by 100%, 99% and 83%, respectively, and increased the DO by 11%. Turbidity removal was obtained by carrying out the treatment in an acid medium (pH 3). The presence of Fe2+ promoted the significant removal of COD. The increase in DO was obtained by the presence of H2O2 and UV-A light, and this in turn, had a considerable influence on the removal of effluent color. Regarding the efficiency of the system, it was determined that the Photo Fenton reagent is an excellent alternative for the treatment of textile effluents with high and low organic loads, reducing contaminants derived from industry processes. reagentbased based Fe2 Fe HO H O H2O water subsequently system conditions FeSO concentrations UVA A 40 L1 L 1 L- turbidity color 100 100% 99 83 83% respectively 11 11% pH 3. 3 . 3) turn loads processes 4 10 9 8

Resumo O processo Foto Fenton é uma alternativa para o tratamento de efluentes da indústria têxtil, sendo um reagente à base de Fe2+ e H2O2 + luz UV cujo mecanismo consiste em oxidar os contaminantes até que estejam aptos para lançamento em corpos d'água. O objetivo da pesquisa é determinar a concentração ótima de Fe2+ - H2O2 no tratamento de um efluente têxtil sintético e avaliar a eficiência do sistema. Um efluente têxtil sintético foi preparado em condições de laboratório, FeSO4 e H2O2 foram adicionados em diferentes concentrações com exposição à luz UV-A durante todo o processo. Daí se determinou a concentração ideal do reagente Foto Fenton era 400 mg L-1 Fe2+ e 12 ml L-1de H2O2, dosagem que conseguiu reduzir a turbidez, cor e DQO inicial em 100%, 99% e 83%, respectivamente, e conseguiu aumentar a OD em 11%. A remoção da turbidez foi obtida realizando o tratamento em meio ácido (pH 3), a presença de Fe+2 favoreceu a remoção significativa de DQO, o aumento de OD foi obtido com a presença de H2O2 e luz UV -A, resultando na remoção de cor do efluente. À eficiência do sistema, determinou que o reagente Foto Fenton é uma excelente alternativa para o tratamento de efluentes têxteis com altas e baixas cargas orgânicas, reduzindo contaminantes derivados de processos industriais. Fe2 Fe HO H H2O dágua. dágua d água. água d'água sistema laboratório FeSO UVA 40 L1 L 1 L- L1de Lde 1de 100 100% 99 83 83% respectivamente 11 11% pH 3, 3 , 3) 2 Fe+ A, -A orgânicas industriais 4 10 9 8

Abstract One of the most serious problems worldwide is heavy metal (HM) pollution. HMs can have a toxic effect on human health and thus cause serious diseases. To date, several methods have been used to clean environments contaminated by HMs, but most of them are expensive, and it is difficult to achieve the desired result. Phytoremediation is currently an effective and affordable processing solution used to clean and remove HMs from the environment. This review article discusses in detail the technology of phytoremediation and mechanisms of HM absorption. In addition, methods are described using genetic engineering of various plants to enhance the resistance and accumulation of HMs. Thus, phytoremediation technology can become an additional aid to traditional methods of purification. (HM pollution diseases date expensive result environment absorption addition Thus purification

Resumo Um dos problemas mais graves em todo o mundo é a poluição por metais pesados (HMs). Os HMs podem ter um efeito tóxico na saúde humana e, assim, causar doenças graves. Até o momento, vários métodos têm sido utilizados para limpar ambientes contaminados por HMs, mas a maioria deles é cara, sendo difícil alcançar o resultado desejado. A fitorremediação é, atualmente, uma solução de processamento eficaz e acessível usada para limpar e remover HMs do ambiente. Este artigo de revisão discute em detalhes a tecnologia de fitorremediação e os mecanismos de absorção de HMs. Além disso, são descritos métodos que utilizam a engenharia genética de várias plantas para aumentar a resistência e o acúmulo de HMs. Assim, a tecnologia de fitorremediação pode se tornar uma ajuda adicional aos métodos tradicionais de purificação. . (HMs) assim momento cara desejado atualmente ambiente disso Assim purificação (HMs

Abstract Citric acid is an important and multi-functional organic acid, which is widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry and other fields. It is the largest edible organic acid in the world. Aspergillus niger is an important strain for biosynthesis of citric acid, which is mainly produced by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with starch raw materials. The reuse of citric acid wastewater is the development direction of comprehensive utilization of citric acid wastewater. In the future, with the combination of novel technology strategies such as gene editing technology and synthetic biology technology, the establishment of fermentation strategies with high yield, high yield, high production intensity and clean production is the development direction to realize efficient green manufacturing in citric acid industry. multifunctional multi functional food medicine fields world materials future yield

Abstract The transfer of environmentally sound technologies (EST) poses par¬ticular problems that require an enabling legal framework. The United Nations Organization promotes effective transfer of these technologies; however the role of intellectual property rights must also be considered. The TRIPS Agreement sets minimum standards in the international rules governing intellectual property, including patents, and contains specific obligations that may affect the transfer of clean technologies. It is important to examine how the TRIPS Agreement can achieve the transfer of these technologies. In this regard the Preamble, Objectives and Principles are crucial, as are the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and WTO jurisprudence. Finally for Cuba, a developing country and WTO Member, this topic is very important.

Resumen La transferencia de las tecnologías ecológicamente racionales (TER) se coloca frente a problemas que demandan un marco legal eficaz. Las Naciones Unidas promueven una transferencia efectiva de estas tecnologías pero es importante considerar el papel de los derechos de propiedad intelectual. El Acuerdo sobre los ADPIC establece estándares mínimos a nivel internacional en materia de propiedad intelectual, incluyendo a las patentes. El Acuerdo contiene obligaciones específicas que pueden afectar la transferencia de las tecnologías limpias. Es importante considerar cómo puede el Acuerdo sobre los ADPIC lograr la transferencia de estas tecnologías. A este respecto el Preámbulo, los Objetivos y Principios son determinantes, así como la Convención de Viena sobre el Derecho de los Tratados y la jurisprudencia de la OMC. Finalmente para Cuba, país en desarrollo y Miembro de la OMC este tema es de suma importancia.

RESUMEN Objetivos: elaborar y validar una guía ilustrada para orientar a los familiares sobre el cateterismo vesical intermitente limpio en niños. Método: investigación metodológica realizada entre enero de 2021 y febrero de 2022 y desarrollada en tres etapas: Revisión bibliográfica y elaboración de la guía ilustrada; Validación del contenido a cargo de jueces especialistas (técnica Delphi); y Validación del proceso de respuesta por parte de representantes de la población objetivo. El estudio se condujo en el servicio ambulatorio de especialidades de un hospital universitario de gran porte del municipio de San Pablo, Brasil. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 18 jueces especialistas y 9 madres de niños sometidos a cateterismo vesical intermitente limpio y se encontraban en tratamiento ambulatorio. Un nivel de concordancia de al menos el 80% se consideró como consenso, al igual que el índice de 0,80 como concordancia mínima aceptable para el Índice de Validez de Contenido. Resultados: la guía ilustrada consta de 18 sesiones, desde las instrucciones paso a paso para realizar el cateterismo vesical intermitente limpio hasta la inclusión de los niños en el procedimiento. En la primera ronda de validación con los jueces se obtuvo un Índice de Validez de Contenido superior a 0,8 y, en la segunda ronda, dicho índice fue 1,0. En la validación por parte de la población objetivo se obtuvo 100% de concordancia en los dominios de Comprensión, Aspecto atractivo, Autoeficacia, Aceptabilidad cultural y Persuasión. Conclusión: la guía ilustrada demostró ser válida en cuanto al contenido según la evaluación de los jueces y familiares, con potencial para mediar la práctica educativa en situaciones de atención a niños que precisan cateterismo vesical intermitente limpio. Objetivos Método 202 etapas técnica Delphi Delphi) Pablo Brasil 1 80 consenso 080 0 Resultados sesiones procedimiento 08 8 0, 10 1,0 100 Comprensión atractivo Autoeficacia Persuasión Conclusión 20 1, 2

ABSTRACT Objectives: to prepare and validate an illustrated guide to instruct family members on clean intermittent bladder catheterizarion in children. Method: a methodological research study carried out between January 2021 and February 2022 and developed in three stages: Bibliographical review and elaboration of the illustrated guide; Content validation by expert judges (Delphi technique); and Validation of the response process by representatives of the target audience. The study was conducted in the specialties outpatient service of a large-sized university hospital from the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample consisted of 18 expert judges and 9 mothers of children undergoing clean intermittent bladder catheterization and in outpatient care. Agreement levels equal to or greater than 80% were considered as consensus, and a 0.80 rate was the acceptable minimum for the Content Validity Index. Results: the illustrated guide consists in 18 sessions, from the step-by-step instructions for clean intermittent bladder catheterization to including children in the procedure. In the first and second validation rounds with the evaluators, Content Validity Index values of 0.8 and 1.0 were obtained, respectively. In the validation by the target audience, 100% agreement was reached in the understanding, Appeal, Self-efficacy, Cultural acceptability and Persuasion domains. Conclusion: the illustrated guide proved to be valid in terms of content by the judges and family members, with the potential to mediate the educational practice in care settings for children in need of clean intermittent bladder catheterization. Objectives Method 202 stages Delphi technique technique) audience largesized large sized Paulo Brazil 1 80 consensus 080 0 Results sessions stepbystep step procedure evaluators 08 8 0. 10 1. obtained respectively 100 understanding Appeal Selfefficacy, Selfefficacy Self efficacy, efficacy Self-efficacy domains Conclusion 20 2

RESUMO Objetivos: elaborar e validar um guia ilustrado para orientações de familiares sobre o cateterismo vesical intermitente limpo em crianças. Método: pesquisa metodológica, realizada entre janeiro de 2021 e fevereiro de 2022, desenvolvida em três etapas: revisão bibliográfica e elaboração do guia ilustrado; validação de conteúdo por juízes especialistas (técnica Delphi) e validação de processo de resposta por representantes do público-alvo. O estudo foi conduzido no ambulatório de especialidades de um hospital universitário de grande porte do município de São Paulo, Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 18 juízes especialistas e 9 mães de crianças que realizavam cateterismo vesical intermitente limpo e estavam em atendimento ambulatorial. Foi considerado consenso concordância igual ou superior a 80%, e taxa de 0,80 como concordância mínima aceitável para o índice de validade de conteúdo. Resultados: o guia ilustrado é composto por 18 sessões, desde o passo a passo do cateterismo vesical intermitente limpo até a inclusão da criança no procedimento. Na primeira rodada de validação com juízes, obteve-se índice de validade de conteúdo maior que 0,8 e, na segunda rodada, de 1,0. Na validação por parte do público-alvo obteve-se 100% de concordância nos domínios compreensão, atratividade, autoeficácia, aceitabilidade cultural e persuasão. Conclusão: o guia ilustrado mostrou-se válido quanto ao conteúdo pelos juízes e familiares com potencial para mediar a prática educativa em cenários de cuidado à criança com necessidade de cateterismo vesical intermitente limpo. Objetivos Método metodológica 202 2022 etapas técnica Delphi públicoalvo. públicoalvo público alvo. alvo Paulo Brasil 1 ambulatorial 80 80% 080 0 Resultados sessões procedimento obtevese obteve se 08 8 0, 10 1,0 100 compreensão atratividade autoeficácia persuasão Conclusão mostrouse mostrou 20 1, 2