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Correlation abundance networks for analyzing biological interactions during cyanobacterial blooms
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Alvarez-Dalinger, Florencia-Soledad

; Borja, Claudia

; Moraña, Liliana

; Lozano, Verónica-Laura

Revista de Biología Tropical

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Dic 2024, Volumen 72 Nº 1 elocation e56487

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Blooms of cyanobacteria are becoming increasingly common, and understanding their dynamics can be crucial for proposing appropriate management strategies. While physical and chemical parameters influencing blooms have been widely studied, less attention has been paid to the susceptibility of biological communities. Objective: To analyze phytoplankton abundance networks during cyanobacterial blooms at different intensity levels and how they interact and/or affect the phytoplankton community. Methods: We used 22 samplings conducted in El Limón reservoir located in Northern Argentina, known for recurrent cyanobacterial blooms. Each sampling was classified into four levels based on cyanobacteria abundance (cells/ml): Level 1 (10 000-30 000); Level 2 (30 000-50 000); Level 3 (50 000-100 000); and Level 4 (> 100 000). For each level, abundance correlation networks were constructed considering all species. Results: A pattern of decreasing statistically significant abundance correlations was observed as bloom intensity increased: 219 correlations at Level 1; 144 at Level 2; 80 at Level 3, and only 33 at Level 4. Blooming cyanobacteria showed few correlations with other species at all levels, indicating a certain independence from the community. An increase in bloom intensity appears to disconnect the phytoplankton abundance correlation network. Conclusion: The analysis of abundance correlation networks should be a valuable tool for understanding the dynamics and development of cyanobacterial blooms, as well as identifying key species in this process.

Resumen Introducción: Las proliferaciones de cianobacterias están volviéndose cada vez más comunes, y comprender su dinámica puede ser crucial para proponer estrategias de gestión adecuadas. Si bien se han estudiado ampliamente los parámetros físicos y químicos que influyen en las proliferaciones, se ha prestado menos atención a la susceptibilidad de las comunidades biológicas. Objetivo: Analizar las redes de abundancia de fitoplancton durante las proliferaciones de cianobacterias a diferentes niveles de intensidad y cómo las mismas interactúan y/o afectan a la comunidad de fitoplancton. Métodos: Se realizaron 22 muestreos en el embalse El Limón ubicado en el norte de Argentina, conocido por las proliferaciones recurrentes de cianobacterias. Cada muestreo se clasificó en cuatro niveles basados en la abundancia de cianobacterias (células/ml): Nivel 1 (10 000-30 000); Nivel 2 (30 000-50 000); Nivel 3 (50 000-100 000) y Nivel 4 (> 100 000). Para cada nivel, se construyeron redes de correlación de abundancias considerando todas las especies. Resultados: Se observó un patrón de disminución de correlaciones de abundancia estadísticamente significativas a medida que aumentaba la intensidad de las proliferaciones: 219 correlaciones en el nivel 1; 144 en el nivel 2; 80 en el nivel 3 y solo 33 en el nivel 4. Las cianobacterias que forman proliferaciones mostraron tener poca correlación con otras especies en todos los niveles, lo que podría estar asociado a cierta independencia con respecto a la comunidad. Un aumento en la intensidad de la proliferación parece desconectar la red de correlaciones de abundancia del fitoplancton. Conclusión: El análisis de las redes de correlaciones de abundancias debería ser una herramienta valiosa para comprender la dinámica y el desarrollo de las proliferaciones de cianobacterias, así como para identificar especies clave en este proceso.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v72i1.56487

NOTAS DE BIOLOGÍA Y CRIANZA DE PODISUS SP. (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE), DEPREDADOR DE GONIPTERUS SP., ASOCIADO A PLANTACIONES DE EUCALYPTUS
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Paredes Guevara, Erika Viviana

; Muñoz Buñay, Diego Armando

Perfiles

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Jun 2024, Volumen 1 Nº 31 Paginas 74 - 80

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Actualmente en las plantaciones de Eucalyptus en Ecuador, la plaga más importante es Gonipterus sp., el control químico es la práctica más común, pero su alto costo e ineficacia ha llevado a la industria maderera a buscar alternativas, como el control biológico. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer aspectos relacionados a la biología y ecología de Podisus sp., depredador natural de Gonipterus sp. La recolección de estas especies se realizó en las plantaciones de la empresa NOVOPAN, ubicada en la provincia de Imbabura, para luego ser trasladados al laboratorio GDETERRA-ESPOCH, donde Podisus sp. fue criado en frascos herméticos de 100 ml, a una temperatura de 22°C y una humedad relativa del 43%. Inicialmente se alimentó con larvas de Gonipterus sp. y como alternativa larvas de Spodoptera frugiperda. Los resultados revelaron un ciclo biológico de huevo a adulto de 40-45 días, longevidad adulta 75 días y una producción de huevos de 30-35 por hembra. Al no obtener suficientes larvas de esta especie, se optó por larvas de Spodoptera frugiperda como alimento. El estudio concluye que es factible criar Podisus sp. en condiciones controladas utilizando larvas de Gonipterus sp. y Spodoptera frugiperda, siendo esta última más eficiente debido a su disponibilidad.

Abstract Currently, on Eucalyptus plantations in Ecuador, the most important pest is Gonipterus sp., and chemical control is the most common practice, but its high cost and inefficiency have led the timber industry to seek alternatives such as biological control. The objective of this research was to understand aspects related to the biology and ecology of Podisus sp., a natural predator of Gonipterus sp. These species were collected in NOVOPAN plantations located in the Imbabura province and then transferred to the GDETERRA-ESPOCH laboratory. Podisus sp. was reared in 100-ml airtight containers at a temperature of 22 °C and a relative humidity of 43%. Initially, they were fed Gonipterus sp. Larvae, and alternatively, larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda. Results revealed a biological cycle from egg to adult of 40 - 45 days, adult longevity of 75 days, and egg production of 30 - 35 per female. Due to insufficient larvae of Gonipterus sp., larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda were used as an alternative food source. The study concludes that it is feasible to rear Podisus sp. under controlled conditions using larvae of both Gonipterus sp. and Spodoptera frugiperda, with the latter being more efficient due to its availability.

https://doi.org/10.47187/perf.v1i31.275

Green Hydrogen: A Clean Energy Solution for Germany's Transportation Sector
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Asiegbu, A.D.

; Kahn, M.T.E.

; Almaktoof, A.M.

SAIEE Africa Research Journal

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Mar 2024, Volumen 115 Nº 1 Paginas 16 - 23

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The need for sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources is very important if future generations are to be spared of the misdoings of past generations. Climate change, environmental pollution, radiation pollution, and altering of the balanced ecology of the green planet earth is now a significant challenge, because if not mitigated, some island nations will disappear in the future, due to human activities energized by unsustainable fossil fuels. Based on these facts, Germany has taken concrete and important steps to stem the tide of this ill wind by embracing the Green Hydrogen system. This is more obvious in the transport system that produces more than 40% of Green House Gases in Europe. Because Germany is an industrialized European nation, the government has introduced Green Hydrogen for transportation in accordance with European Union energy policy. Therefore, this paper provides a clear, concise analysis and implementation of Green Hydrogen energy in the smart energy system. The paper presents Green Hydrogen analysis in transportation in four sections, namely, Geographical, Chemical, social, and economic aspects, respectively. The last section of this paper is the discussion of results from cost/feasibility analysis, which shows that although the expected or forecasted GH cost is US$7.11per kg from 2020 to 2050, the current growth in the green hydrogen infrastructure and technology, reduced the overall cost of GH in 2020 to $1.60/kg. An erudite conclusion and recommendations are made at the end of this research.

GOOD - Agroecología para las malas hierbas: construyendo una red de manejo agroecológico de malas hierbas
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Osuna, Maria D.

; Ramos, María

; Santiago, Ana de

; Maya, Valentín

; Baptista, Jorge

; Groenewegen, Micha

; Oliveira, Rui S.

; Sousa, José P.

; Dias, Maria Celeste

; Costa, Joana

; Bartz, Marie

; Mosquera, Maria Rosa

; Ferreiro, Nuria

; Viana, Ana Couso

; Castro, Paula

; Tataridas, Alexandros

; Freitas, Helena

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Mar 2024, Volumen 47 Nº 1 Paginas 51 - 60

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Weeds negatively affect the sustainability of farming systems in the European Union (EU), the management of which relies heavily on herbicides. The EU's farm-to-fork strategy aims to promote agroecology and the transition to sustainable and resilient farming systems, including the reduction of herbicide use. GOOD is a 4-year project that takes a multidisciplinary approach and aims to create and evaluate agroecological weed management (AWM) systems, and demonstrate that the adoption of such a system will improve the sustainability and resilience of farming systems across Europe and beyond. This objective will be achieved through the development, evaluation and demonstration of innovative combinations of AWM using cover crops, beneficial microorganisms and digital tools. This will be carried out in living-labs, co-created with stakeholders in 6 different EU pedoclimatic regions, including annual and perennial crops and conventional, organic and mixed cropping systems. The combination of innovative and socio-economically validated sustainable agroecological practices will generate social, economic and environmental benefits through the reduction or elimination of chemical inputs and optimized use of natural resources GOOD will create an Agroecological Weed Management Network (AWMN), inviting agroecology practitioners from all continents to dialogue and exchange knowledge and best practices towards diversified agroecology-based farming systems.

Resumen Las hierbas adventicias afectan negativamente a la sostenibilidad de los sistemas agrícolas de la Unión Europea (UE), cuya gestión depende en gran medida de los herbicidas. La estrategia "de la granja a la mesa" de la UE tiene como objetivo promover la agroecología y la transición hacia sistemas agrícolas sostenibles y resilientes, incluyendo la reducción del uso de herbicidas. GOOD es un proyecto de 4 años de duración que adopta un enfoque multidisciplinar y aspira a crear y evaluar sistemas de gestión agroecológica de las malas hierbas (AWM, por sus siglas en inglés), y demostrar que la adopción de dicho sistema mejorará la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia de los sistemas de cultivo en toda Europa y fuera de ella. Este objetivo se logrará mediante el desarrollo, la evaluación y la demostración de combinaciones innovadoras de AWM utilizando cubiertas vegetales, microorganismos beneficiosos y herramientas digitales. Esto se llevará a cabo en living-labs, co-creados con las partes interesadas en 6 diferentes regiones pedoclimáticas de la UE, incluyendo cultivos anuales y perennes y sistemas de cultivo convencionales, ecológicos y mixtos. La combinación de prácticas agroecológicas sostenibles innovadoras y validadas socioeconómicamente generará beneficios sociales, económicos y medioambientales mediante la reducción o eliminación de insumos químicos y el uso optimizado de los recursos naturales. GOOD creará una Red de Gestión Agroecológica de las Malas Hierbas (AWMN), invitando a profesionales de la agroecología de todos los continentes al diálogo y al intercambio de conocimientos y mejores prácticas hacia sistemas agrícolas diversificados basados en la agroecología.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.34848

Fouling resistance investigations of seaweed products
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Jasim, S. A.

; Jabr, H. S.

; Karim, Y. S.

; Supaeva, A.

; Kadhim, A. J.

; Jabbar, A. H.

; Yasin, G.

; Jalil, A. T.

; Mustafa, Y. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volumen 84 elocation e263386

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Qualquer superfície sólida, desprotegida e indefesa no ambiente aquático será contaminada. A incrustação, por outro lado, pode afetar uma ampla gama de espécies que podem tolerar alguma epibiose. Vários outros, por outro lado, mantêm agressivamente os epibiontes fora de sua superfície corporal (anti-incrustante). As defesas anti-incrustantes são construídas em plantas marinhas como algas marinhas e ervas marinhas. Elas têm uma estrutura de superfície distinta com picos semelhantes a agulhas bem compactadas e coberturas anti-incrustantes, o que pode dificultar a capacidade de fixação das bactérias. A resistência química anti-incrustante é provavelmente uma reação biológica às desvantagens ecológicas da epibiose, especialmente para organismos capazes de realizar fotossíntese. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a eficácia dos compostos naturais derivados de algas marinhas do litoral na prevenção da incrustação. O mexilhão-marrom, importante organismo incrustante, foi avaliado em bioensaios de laboratório contra extratos orgânicos brutos de 51 populações, incluindo duas espécies de macroalgas. A atividade anti-incrustante exibiu um padrão filogenético distinto, com macroalgas vermelhas tendo a maior participação de espécies ativas, posteriormente macroalgas marrons. A ação anti-incrustante em algas verdes nunca foi significativa. Sete espécies apresentaram algum nível de defesa anti-incrustante induzida. Nossas descobertas parecem corroborar descobertas anteriores sobre a síntese de metabólitos secundários em algas marinhas, indicando que, na busca por novos anti-incrustantes, os pesquisadores devem concentrar seus esforços em macroalgas vermelhas tropicais.

Abstract Any solid, unprotected, and undefended surface in the aquatic environment will be fouled. Fouling, on the other hand, can affect a wide range of species that can tolerate some epibiosis. Several others, on the other hand, aggressively keep the epibionts off their body surface (antifouling). Antifouling defenses are built into marine plants like seaweed and seagrass. They do have a distinctive surface structure with tightly packed needle-like peaks and antifouling coverings, which may hinder settling bacteria's ability to cling. Chemical antifouling resistance is most probably a biological reaction to epibiosis' ecological drawbacks, especially for organisms capable of performing photosynthesis. The goal of this study was to see how effective natural compounds derived from littoral seaweeds were in preventing fouling. The brown mussel, an important fouling organism, was evaluated in laboratory bioassays against fifty-one populations' crude organic extracts including fort-two macroalgae species. Antifouling activity, exhibited a distinct phylogenetic pattern, with red macroalgae having the largest share of active species, subsequently brown macroalgae. Antifouling action in green seaweeds has never been significant. Seven species showed some level of induced antifouling defense. Our findings appear to back up previous findings about secondary metabolite synthesis in seaweeds, indicating that in the hunt for novel antifoulants, researchers should concentrate their efforts on tropical red macroalgae.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.263386

Occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis – Aquifoliaceae) cultivation environments Ilex Aquifoliaceae
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Santos, V. J. dos

; Barros, G. de

; Moreira, T. F.

; Giovenardi, A. de R.

; Magalhães, J. B.

; Steffen, G. P. K.

; Stürmer, S. L.

; Silva, R. F. da

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volumen 84 elocation e282738

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) represents a culture of economic, social, and ecological importance for the cultivation regions. Due to the chemical, physical, and biological variations that occur in the different soils where yerba mate is economically exploited, the symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) guarantee the plant's ability to absorb nutrients. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different environments of yerba mate cultivation. The research was performed in four areas located in the rural area of the municipality of Seberi/RS: Environment with production of yerba mate in the conventional system, silvopastoral system, organic system, and native forest. The normality of residuals and homogeneity of variances assumptions were verified using the Lilliefors and Chi-square tests and the averages compared by the Tukey's test at 5% probability of error. In addition to calculations of diversity, equivalent species, and evenness indices. The presence of AMF spores showed a direct relationship with the phosphorus (P) availability in each treatment, with a count reduction in the organic system, with P content lower than 3 mg kg-1 of soil. The species with the highest predominance were the Acaulosporaceae (Acaulospora colombiana, A. delicata, and A. tuberculata), followed by the Glomaceae (Glomus ambisporum and Glomus pansihalos) in the conventional and silvopastoral systems. The silvopastoral and conventional systems showed the highest levels of Shannon-Weaver diversity (H') and Pielou's evenness, demonstrating greater diversity and consequently greater richness and uniformity. Ilex paraguariensis economic social regions chemical physical exploited (AMF plants plant s nutrients Seberi/RS SeberiRS Seberi RS system forest Chisquare Chi square Tukeys Tukey 5 error indices (P treatment kg1 kg 1 kg- soil Acaulospora colombiana A delicata tuberculata, tuberculata , tuberculata) pansihalos ShannonWeaver Shannon Weaver H (H' Pielous Pielou uniformity (H

Resumo A erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) representa uma cultura de importância econômica, social e ecológica para as regiões de cultivo. Devido às variações químicas, físicas e biológicas que ocorrem nos diferentes solos onde a erva-mate é explorada economicamente, as associações simbióticas com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) garantem a capacidade da planta de absorver nutrientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e quantificar a ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em diferentes ambientes de cultivo de erva-mate. A pesquisa foi realizada em quatro áreas localizadas na zona rural do município de Seberi/RS: Ambiente com produção de erva-mate no sistema convencional, sistema silvipastoril, sistema orgânico e mata nativa. As suposições de normalidade dos resíduos e homogeneidade das variâncias foram verificadas pelos testes de Lilliefors e Qui-quadrado e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade de erro. Além de cálculos de diversidade, espécies equivalentes e índices de equivalência. A presença de esporos de FMAs apresentou relação direta com a disponibilidade de fósforo (P) em cada tratamento, com redução na contagem no sistema orgânico, com teor de P inferior a 3 mg kg-1 de solo. As espécies com maior predominância foram as Acaulosporaceae (Acaulospora colombiana, A. delicata e A. tuberculata), seguidas pelas Glomaceae (Glomus ambisporum e Glomus pansihalos) nos sistemas convencional e silvipastoril. Os sistemas silvipastoril e convencional apresentaram os maiores níveis de diversidade de Shannon-Weaver (H') e equitabilidade de Pielou, demonstrando maior diversidade e consequentemente maior riqueza e uniformidade. ervamate erva mate Ilex paraguariensis econômica químicas economicamente FMA (FMA nutrientes ervamate. mate. Seberi/RS SeberiRS Seberi RS nativa Quiquadrado Qui quadrado 5 erro equivalência (P tratamento kg1 kg 1 kg- solo Acaulospora colombiana tuberculata, tuberculata , tuberculata) pansihalos ShannonWeaver Shannon Weaver H (H' Pielou uniformidade (H

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.282738

STABLE ISOTOPES AND MERCURY AS TOOLS TO DEPICT AQUATIC FOOD WEBS
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Fragoso, Cynara Pedrosa

; Gatts, Pedro Vianna

; Beneditto, Ana Paula Madeira Di

; Martinelli, Luiz Antonio

; Lacerda, Luiz Drude de

; Rezende, Carlos Eduardo de

Química Nova

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2024, Volumen 47 Nº 3 elocation e-20230125

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The structure of food webs is a fundamental attribute of ecosystems, and their characterization provides an intrinsic knowledge of the trophic interactions among organisms and of nutrient and energy transfer within ecosystems. Over the last few decades, several chemical and biogeochemical approaches have been proposed to explore different aspects of food webs. In this sense, this study reviews the application of stable isotopes and mercury as main auxiliary tools to the characterization and modeling of aquatic food webs, including analytical and modeling advances, strengths and limitations. The metanalysis performed showed that the most used tools for trophic ecology studies are stable isotopes, and that they can provide better results when combined with mercury and specific chemical molecules such as amino and fatty acids. In addition, the statistical methods applied in the interpretation of results, such as isotope mixing models, have witnessed significant advances in the last two decades. All approaches have premises and limitations when applied to aquatic ecosystems, which must be well understood prior to results interpretation. The use of multiple tracers in trophic studies provides complementary information and in many cases is an appropriate alternative to overcome some limitations, allowing to expand the knowledge of the food webs. ecosystems decades sense acids addition models

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230125

Fiocruz in Antarctica – health and environmental surveillance facing the challenges of the 21st century st
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BRANDÃO, MARTHA

; MARQUES, LÚCIA

; VILLELA, ROBERTO V.

; TRILLES, LUCIANA

; VIVONI, ADRIANA

; SIQUEIRA, MARILDA

; OGRZEWALSKA, MARIA

; GOMES, HARRISSON M.

; MOREIRA, LUCAS

; MAGALHÃES, MAITHE G.P.

; PRADO, TATIANA

; PARENTE, THIAGO E.

; DUARTE, GABRIELA F.

; CRUZ, MATHEUS

; MIAGOSTOVICH, MARIZE

; CHAME, MARCIA

; SOARES, SANDRA P.

; DEGRAVE, WIM

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2024, Volumen 96 Supl. 2 elocation e20230742

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract FioAntar, FIOCRUZ’s research project in Antarctica, is based on the One Health approach. FioAntar aims to generate relevant information that will help reduce the risk of future pandemics and improve the search for chemical compounds and new biological molecules. After four expeditions to Antarctica under the scope of PROANTAR, Fiocruz has identified Influenza H11N2 virus in environmental fecal samples, as well as Histoplasma capsulatum and Bacillus cereus in soil samples. In addition, in a prospective virome analysis from different lakes in the South Shetland Islands, six viral orders were described, supporting future research related to the biodiversity and viral ecology in this extreme ecosystem. Our findings of environmental pathogens of public health importance are a warning about the urgency of establishing a surveillance agenda on zoonoses in Antarctica due to the imminent risks that ongoing environmental and climate changes impose on human health across the planet. FioAntar strives to establish a comprehensive surveillance program across Antarctica, monitoring circulation of pathogens with the potential to transcend continent boundaries, thereby mitigating potential spread. For Fiocruz, Antarctica signifies a new frontier, teeming with opportunities to explore novel techniques, refine established methodologies, and cultivate invaluable knowledge. FIOCRUZs FIOCRUZ s approach molecules PROANTAR HN H N H11N samples addition Islands described ecosystem planet boundaries spread frontier techniques methodologies knowledge

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230742

Floristic diversity and edaphic filters in an urban forest under Cerrado domain, in Cuiabá, Central Western Brazil domain Cuiabá
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Souza, M. M. X.

; Agostini, G. B.

; Santos, G. A.

; Favalessa, C. M. C.

; Kanieski, M. R.

; Milani, J. E. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volumen 84 elocation e279583

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract We aimed to characterize the adult and regenerating tree components and their relationships with soil characteristics of a native vegetation remnant in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The area of the fragment is stratified into “dry area” (lithic neosoil) and “damp area” (gleisoil). We conducted a forest inventory with a random distribution of 25 parcels. We analyzed the physical and chemical components of the soil. We evaluated the vegetation's horizontal structure, diversity, and sample sufficiency using the Bootstrap richness estimator. We classified the species according to dispersal syndrome and ecological group. Overall, we found 93 species in the adult layer and 70 species in the regenerating layer. The similarity dendrograms based on the two evaluated indices demonstrated the existence of the two initially stratified environments in both strata. The IndVal (%) indicated that the set of indicator species differed between the strata. Thereby, the fragment is in an intermediate stage of successional progression. PCA showed that plots in the wet area had higher pH values and Ca, Zn, and Fe levels, while plots in the dry area did not clearly distinguish, varying in terms of K, B, and organic matter content. In CCA, a set of species that occurred exclusively in the damp area showed a strong relationship with the analyzed variables. The area is a diverse ecosystem that efficiently provides ecosystem services to society and should be the subject of long-term conservation and research. Cuiabá Grosso Brazil lithic neosoil gleisoil. gleisoil . (gleisoil) 2 parcels vegetations s structure diversity estimator group Overall 9 7 strata % (% Thereby progression Ca Zn levels distinguish K B content CCA variables longterm long term research (gleisoil (

Resumo Nós objetivamos caracterizar os componentes de arbóreos adultos e em regeneração, bem como suas relações com as características do solo de um remanescente de vegetação nativa em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. A área do fragmento foi estratificada em “área seca” (neossolo lítico) e “área úmida” (gleissolo). Realizamos um inventário florestal com uma distribuição aleatória de 25 parcelas. Analisamos os componentes físicos e químicos do solo. Avaliamos a estrutura horizontal da vegetação, além da diversidade e suficiência amostral por meio do estimador de riqueza Bootstrap. Classificamos as espécies de acordo com a síndrome de dispersão e o grupo ecológico. No geral, encontramos 93 espécies no extrato adulto e 70 espécies no extrato regenerante. Os dendrogramas de similaridade com base nos dois índices avaliados demonstraram a existência dos dois ambientes inicialmente estratificados em ambos os extratos. O Índice de Valor de Indicação (IndVal %) indicou que o conjunto de espécies indicadoras diferiu entre os extratos. Assim, o fragmento encontra-se em um estágio intermediário de progressão sucessional. A Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA) mostrou que as parcelas na área úmida apresentavam valores de pH mais elevados e níveis elevados de cálcio (Ca), zinco (Zn) e ferro (Fe), enquanto as parcelas na área seca não se distinguiram claramente, variando em termos de potássio (K), boro (B) e teor de matéria orgânica. Na Análise de Correspondência Canônica (CCA), um conjunto de espécies que ocorreu exclusivamente na área úmida mostrou uma forte relação com as variáveis analisadas. A área é um ecossistema diversificado que fornece eficientemente serviços ecossistêmicos à sociedade e deve ser objeto de conservação e pesquisa de longo prazo. regeneração Cuiabá Grosso Brasil neossolo lítico gleissolo. gleissolo . (gleissolo) 2 Bootstrap ecológico geral 9 7 regenerante extratos IndVal % Assim encontrase encontra sucessional PCA (PCA Ca, Ca , (Ca) Zn (Zn Fe, Fe (Fe) claramente K, K (K) B (B orgânica CCA, CCA (CCA) analisadas prazo (gleissolo (Ca (Fe (K (CCA

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.279583

10.

Patrones espacio-temporales asociados a características del sedimento respecto a la disponibilidad de áreas de anidación para tres especies de tortugas el Amazonas colombo-peruano
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Franco-Arciniegas, Valentina

; Díaz-Perdomo, Javier

Revista cartográfica

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Dic 2023, Nº 107 Paginas 57 - 71

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: El análisis de patrones espaciales, temporales y ambientales en las áreas de anidación de las tortugas es indispensable para entender los factores asociados a su supervivencia, así como para lograr un óptimo desarrollo en las labores de conservación. El objetivo fue identificar patrones de influencia espacial asociados a características de sedimentos respecto a la disponibilidad de áreas de anidación para tres especies de tortugas, en un marco multitemporal. La metodología comprende dos fases. La primera fase de campo realizada durante junio y agosto de 2019 se hizo parte de las actividades de conservación que desarrollan cinco comunidades indígenas, fueron visitadas seis playas y se tomaron muestras del suelo (por especie) de los lugares donde las hembras anidaban. La segunda fase de oficina, se llevó a cabo un análisis de laboratorio de las características físicas y químicas de las muestras de suelo. Por otro lado, se realizó una clasificación supervisada a partir de imágenes satelitales Landsat 5, 7 y 8 correspondientes al mes de septiembre para cada año de actividad del programa de conservación. Fueron analizadas en total 14 muestras de suelo. Estas evidenciaron las condiciones idóneas y/o de preferencia por las tortugas para desarrollar los procesos de oviposición referente a textura, color, densidad, pH, materia orgánica, presencia de alófanos (material volcánico) y carbonatos. En paralelo, se obtuvo un total de 12 clasificaciones supervisadas en las que se evidenció variabilidad asociada con la disponibilidad de las seis playas en términos de tamaño, forma y ubicación, así como la aparición de dos nuevas extensiones y el cambio en la morfología del río. En conclusión, en la ecología reproductiva de las tortugas de río intervienen diversos factores geoespaciales y multitemporales que se relacionan con las condiciones del ecosistema acuático, así como con la disponibilidad y características propias de las playas de anidación.

Abstract: The analysis of spatial, temporal, and environmental patterns of the availability of turtle nesting areas is essential for the understanding of the factors associated with their survival, as and for an optimal development of conservation activities. The objective was to identify patterns of spatial influence associated with sediment characteristics regarding the availability of nesting areas for three species of turtles, in a multitemporal framework. The methodology comprises two phases. The first field phase was carried out during July and August of 2019, we participated in conservation activities being carried out by five indigenous communities, we visited six beaches and took soil samples from places where the females of each species nested. In the second office phase, an analysis was carried out on a laboratory analysis of the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil samples was carried out. A supervised classification of beaches was done from satellite images Landsat 5, 7 and 8, from September of each year of activity of the conservation program. A total of 14 soil samples were analyzed. They showed the ideal conditions and/or preference of turtles for oviposition processes. Such conditions included texture, color, density, pH, organic matter, presence of allophones (volcanic material) and carbonates. A total of 12 supervised beach classifications were obtained. The availability of the six beaches had remarkable variability in terms of size, shape, and location. Two new beach extensions and changes in river morphology were observed. In conclusion, in various geospatial and multi-temporal factors influence the reproductive ecology of river turtles. These are related to the conditions of the aquatic ecosystem, and the availability and characteristics of nesting sites.

https://doi.org/10.35424/rcarto.i1070.3373

11.

Soil nitrogen transformation and functional microbial abundance in an agricultural soil amended with biochar
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Ding, Junnan

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2023, Volumen 47 elocation e0220156

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Biochar soil amendments are attracting attention as one strategy to improve soil microbially ecological environment and regulate the soil nitrogen cycle. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar application on agricultural soil improvement, nitrogen (N) mineralization and nitrification. The experiment was carried out on a typical farmland containing black soil and saline-alkaline soil in Northeast China. Four treatments were undertaken, including the control-treated black soil farmland (CS), the biochar-treated black soil farmland (BCS), the control-treated saline-alkali soil farmland (SAS), and the biochar-treated saline-alkaline soil farmland (BSAS). Basic physical and chemical properties, enzyme activity, and the contents of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N) in the soil were subsequently determined. The co-occurrence networks of bacterial communities of the biochar and control treatment groups were constructed based on high-throughput sequencing data of the 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that the BCS and BSAS treatments significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus. The application of biochar significantly increased the NH4+-N contents in the black soil and saline-alkaline soil by 81.78 and 80.08 %, respectively, while significantly reducing the soil NH4+-N/NO3--N content, which promoted the transformation of NH4+-N into NO3--N. Subsequently, the released NH4+-N was transformed into NO3--N through nitrification. After the biochar application, the NO3--N contents in the black and saline-alkaline soils could be fixed. The biochar application significantly increased the abundance of gdh, AOA-amoA, AOB-amoA, nirK, nirS, nosZ, and nifH genes, with no significant difference in the abundance of napA genes being found among different treatments. Microbes playing a key role in the co-occurrence network were Proteobateria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi. As compared with the CS and SAS treatments, under the BCS+BSAS treatment, the connectors, module hubs, connectedness, and clustering coefficient showed larger parameters, and the networks were more complex. The application of biochar gradually increased the nodes, edges, and average degree of the bacterial co-occurrence network, thus indicating that the interaction between microbial groups in the black and saline-alkaline soils post biochar application may be important in the biogeochemical cycle process in farmland soil. improvement N (N nitrification salinealkaline saline alkaline China undertaken controltreated treated CS, , (CS) biochartreated BCS, (BCS) salinealkali alkali SAS, (SAS) BSAS. . (BSAS) properties activity ammoniumnitrogen ammonium NH4+N NH4N NHN NH4+ NH4 NH (NH4+-N nitratenitrogen nitrate NO3N NON NO3 NO (NO3--N determined cooccurrence co occurrence highthroughput high throughput S matter phosphorus 8178 81 78 81.7 8008 80 08 80.0 % respectively NH4+N/NO3N NH4NNO3N NHNNON N/NO3 content NO3N. N. Subsequently fixed gdh AOAamoA, AOAamoA AOA amoA, amoA AOA-amoA AOBamoA, AOBamoA AOB AOB-amoA nirK nirS nosZ Proteobateria Acidobacteria Bacteroidetes Actinobacteria Chloroflexi BCSBSAS connectors hubs connectedness parameters complex nodes edges (CS (BCS (SAS (BSAS 817 8 7 81. 800 0 80. NNO NNO3 N/NO

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20220156

12.

Detection of adaptive genetic diversity and chemical composition in date palm cultivars and their implications in controlling red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver weevil
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Abdel-Baky, N. F.

; Motawei, M. I.

; Al-Nujiban, A. A. S.

; Aldeghairi, M. A.

; Al-Shuraym, L. A. M.

; Alharbi, M. T. M.

; Alsohim, A. S.

; Rehan, M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e270940

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study, about RPW and date palms, is under the scope of date palm bioecology and nutrition (nutritional ecology) which includes the integration of several areas of research such as date palm biochemistry, genetics, and RPW infestation behavior through various date palm cultivars. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.; Arecaceae) production is under threat from the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver. A better understanding of genetic diversity within date palm cultivars can be useful for its implementation within the insect IPM program in the future. Three indices, namely simple-sequence repeats (SSR) markers to elucidate genetic diversity, chemical components, and a natural infestation index of RPW, were used to evaluate the resistant or susceptible date palm cultivars in Qassim. Based on a field survey of RPW infestation within 79 date palm farms involving 11 cultivars at Qassim, the sensitivity and resistance cultivars were determined. The resistant date palm cultivars were Nabtat Ali, Shakrah, red Sukary, and um Kobar which had the lowest degree of RPW abundance %. Values of the essential minerals, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium within the date palm cultivars were also estimated. RPW abundance % was negatively correlated with the calcium content of date palm cultivars. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the calcium content and RPW abundance % were highly affected by the cultivars. SSR markers of the date palm cluster tree divided genotypes into two main groups at similarity coefficients between 0.56 and 0.91. The 1st group included; Nabtet Ali, Red Sukary, Um Kobar, and Shakrah with similarity coefficients between 0.56, this group was the most resistant cultivars. Therefore, SSR markers were able to characterize and resolve genetic diversity in date palm cultivars for RPW resistance. When SSR markers coupled with higher calcium (Ca) content can efficiently replace indices in characterizing resistant date-palm genotypes with a high confidence level. Integration between date palm genetic diversity, chemical structures, and RPW infestations rates promoted the understanding of the interplay between the diversity of RPW management (short-time scale), and the resistance genes, plant nutrition, and dynamics of the diversity of RPW through domestication and diversification (long-timescale). Therefore, our results may lead to a change in RPW control strategies by switching to using safe alternative pesticide control methods (Resistant cultivars of date palm), which are underestimated and may reveal the impact of low-cost, but highly effective agricultural practices in the field of date production in the world. Understanding the genetic structure and calcium content of date palm cultivars mechanisms could help to predict date palm resistance against RPW populations in the new IPM strategy in RPW control. study palms nutritional ecology biochemistry genetics Phoenix L. L Arecaceae , (RPW) Oliver future simplesequence simple sequence (SSR components Qassim 7 1 determined Ali Sukary minerals nitrogen phosphorus potassium estimated PCA (PCA 056 0 56 0.5 091 91 0.91 st included Therefore Ca (Ca datepalm level structures shorttime short time scale, scale scale) genes longtimescale. longtimescale long timescale . (long-timescale) Resistant palm, palm) lowcost, lowcost low cost, cost low-cost world (RPW 05 5 0. 09 9 0.9 (long-timescale

Resumo Este estudo, sobre RPW e tamareiras, está no âmbito da bioecologia e nutrição da tamareira (ecologia nutricional) que inclui a integração de várias áreas de pesquisa, como bioquímica da tamareira, genética e comportamento de infestação de RPW através de vários cultivares de tamareira. A produção da tamareira (Phoenix dactylifera L.; Arecaceae) está ameaçada pelo gorgulho vermelho da palmeira (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliver. A compreensão mais aprofundada da diversidade genética dentro dos cultivares de tamareiras pode ser útil para sua implementação no futuro programa de MIP de insetos. Três índices, ou seja, marcadores de sequência simples (SSR) para elucidar a diversidade genética, componentes químicos e um índice de infestação natural de RPW, foram utilizados para avaliar as cultivares de tamareiras resistentes ou suscetíveis em Qassim. Com base em uma pesquisa de campo da infestação de RPW em 79 fazendas de tamareiras envolvendo 11 cultivares em Qassim, as cultivares de sensibilidade e resistência foram determinadas. As cultivares de tamareiras resistentes foram Nabtat Ali, Shakrah, red Sukary e um Kobar, que apresentaram o menor grau de abundância de RPW. Também foram estimados os valores dos minerais essenciais, nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio e cálcio nas cultivares de tamareira. A porcentagem de abundância de RPW correlacionou-se negativamente com o teor de cálcio das cultivares de tamareira. A análise de componentes principais (PCA) revelou que o teor de cálcio e a abundância de RPW % foram altamente afetados pelas cultivares. Marcadores SSR da tamareira dividiram os genótipos em dois grupos principais com coeficientes de similaridade entre 0,56 e 0,91. O 1º grupo incluiu; Nabtet Ali, Red Sukary, Um Kobar e Shakrah com coeficientes de similaridade entre 0,56, este grupo foi o de cultivares mais resistentes. Portanto, os marcadores SSR foram capazes de caracterizar e resolver a diversidade genética em cultivares de tamareiras para resistência a RPW. Quando os marcadores SSR associados ao maior teor de cálcio (Ca) podem substituir com eficiência os índices na caracterização de genótipos de tamareiras resistentes com alto nível de confiança. A integração entre diversidade genética da tamareira, estruturas químicas e taxas de infestação de RPW promoveu a compreensão da interação entre a diversidade de manejo de RPW (escala de tempo curto) e os genes de resistência, nutrição de plantas e dinâmica da diversidade de RPW por meio da domesticação e diversificação (longo prazo). Portanto, nossos resultados podem levar a uma mudança nas estratégias de controle de RPW, passando a usar métodos alternativos seguros de controle de pesticidas (cultivares resistentes de tamareira), sendo subestimados e podem revelar o impacto de práticas agrícolas de baixo custo, mas altamente eficazes no campo de produção de tâmaras no mundo. Compreender a estrutura genética e o teor de cálcio dos mecanismos dos cultivares de tamareira pode ajudar a prever a resistência da tamareira contra populações de RPW na nova estratégia de IPM no controle de RPW. estudo ecologia nutricional Phoenix L. L Arecaceae , (RPW) Oliver insetos seja (SSR Qassim 7 1 determinadas Ali essenciais nitrogênio fósforo correlacionouse correlacionou se PCA (PCA 056 0 56 0,5 091 91 0,91 º incluiu Portanto Ca (Ca confiança escala curto longo prazo. prazo . prazo) tamareira) custo mundo (RPW 05 5 0, 09 9 0,9

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270940

13.

Volatile compounds from soybeans under multiple on herbivores infestations attract the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Acari (Acari Phytoseiidae
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Rocha, D. D. D.

; Santos, B. L. F.

; Melo, J. O. F.

; Nascimento, P. T.

; Fadini, M. A. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e267598

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Plant-induced resistance can be an important component of soybean mites biological control programs. This work evaluates the preference of predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to soybean plants under single and multiple herbivory conditions by two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), and velvetbean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Using a Y olfactometer, the following scenarios were evaluated: soybean with no infestation and soybean infested with A. gemmatalis; soybean infested with T. urticae and A. gemmatalis, and soybean infested with T. urticae and with both T. urticae and A. gemmatalis. Volatile compounds released by plants were analyzed and identified by a Trace GC Ultra gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer with a solid phase micro-extraction ion-trap. The predatory mite N. californicus preferred soybean plants infested with T. urticae compared to those infested with A. gemmatalis. Multiple infestation did not interfere with its preference to T. urticae. Multiple herbivory of T. urticae and A. gemmatalis modified the chemical profile of volatile compounds emitted by soybean plants. However, it did not interfere with the search behavior of N. californicus. Out of the 29 identified compounds only five promoted predatory mite response. Thus, regardless of single or multiple herbivory by T. urticae with or without A. gemmatalis, the indirect induced resistance mechanisms operate similarly. As such, this mechanism contributes to an increase in the encounter rate between predator and prey for N. Californicus and T. urticae, and the efficacy of biological control of mites on soybean. Plantinduced Plant programs Acari (Acari Phytoseiidae twospotted two spotted Tetranychidae, Tetranychidae , Tetranychidae) Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Noctuidae. Noctuidae . Noctuidae) olfactometer evaluated A T microextraction micro extraction iontrap. iontrap ion trap. trap ion-trap N However 2 response Thus similarly such

Resumo A resistência induzida por plantas pode ser um importante componente dos programas de controle biológico de ácaros da soja. Este trabalho avalia a preferência do ácaro predador Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) às plantas de soja sob condições de herbivoria simples e múltipla pelo ácaro-rajado Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) e pela lagarta-da-soja Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Utilizando o olfatômetro Y, foram avaliados os seguintes cenários: soja sem infestação e soja infestada com A. gemmatalis; soja infestada com T. urticae e A. gemmatalis, e soja infestada com T. urticae e com T. urticae e A. gemmatalis. Os compostos voláteis liberados pelas plantas foram analisados e identificados por um cromatógrafo gasoso Trace GC Ultra acoplado a um espectrômetro de massas com uma armadilha de íons de microextração em fase sólida. O ácaro predador N. californicus preferiu plantas de soja infestadas com T. urticae em relação àquelas infestadas com A. gemmatalis. A infestação múltipla não interferiu na preferência por T. urticae. A herbivoria múltipla de T. urticae e A. gemmatalis modificou o perfil químico de compostos voláteis emitidos por plantas de soja. No entanto, não interferiu no comportamento de busca de N. californicus. Dos 29 compostos identificados apenas cinco promoveram resposta de ácaros predadores. Assim, independentemente da herbivoria simples ou múltipla por T. urticae com ou sem A. gemmatalis, os mecanismos de resistência induzida indiretamente operam de forma semelhante. Assim, esse mecanismo biológico contribui para o aumento da taxa de encontro entre predador e presa para N. Californicus e T. urticae, e para a eficácia do controle de ácaros em soja. Acari (Acari Phytoseiidae ácarorajado rajado Tetranychidae lagartadasoja lagarta Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Noctuidae. Noctuidae . Noctuidae) Y cenários T sólida N entanto 2 predadores Assim semelhante

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.267598

14.

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volumen 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. (SB Brazil However programs SANSED cruise SANAGU 356 (35 201 2021/2022. 20212022 2021/2022 . 2021 2022 2021/2022) ecology biogeochemistry masses patterns geomorphology sedimentology chemistry board approaches analyses GOMEXtype GOMEX type 0.25 025 0 (0.2 m² 0.75 075 75 (0.7 10 240 depth station physicochemical physico chemical micro, micro , micro- meio, meio meio- system 6 community pico macroplankton vertical horizontal 20, 20 (20 200 50 size, size) CTDrosette CTD rosette sampler PCRBS PCR BS (PCR-BS IBAMA Development 35 (3 2021202 2021/202 202 0.2 02 (0. 0.7 07 7 1 (2 5 3 ( 202120 2021/20 0. (0 20212 2021/2 2021/

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

15.

The kairomone p-anisaldehyde increases the effectiveness of sticky traps for capturing Neohydatothrips signifer (Insecta: Thysanoptera) in yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) crops
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Gutiérrez-López, Yeisson

; Cocomá, Carlos J.

; Bacca, Tito

Boletín Científico. Centro de Museos. Museo de Historia Natural

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Dic 2022, Volumen 26 Nº 2 Paginas 195 - 208

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los trips son especies plagas importantes en una gran variedad de cultivos. Su comportamiento críptico supone un desafío para la detección de los daños y el control con métodos tradicionales (ej., insecticidas). Aunque el uso de estrategias de ecología química para el monitoreo y colecta masiva se encuentra relativamente generalizado, la investigación al respecto en las regiones Neotropicales es aún escasa. En este estudio, llevamos a cabo un experimento de campo para probar si la kairomona p-anisaldehído aumenta la eficacia de las trampas adhesivas para controlar (colecta masiva) el trip Neohydatothrips signifier. Encontramos que las trampas pegajosas equipadas con la kairomona recolectaron mayor número trips (ninfas + adultos) a lo largo del tiempo, y este efecto no fue afectado por la altura de la trampa. Además, demostramos que la incidencia de trips se redujo rápidamente en plantas de Passiflora edulis cuando estaban rodeadas de trampas adhesivas que contenían kairomona. Nuestros resultados destacan el beneficio del uso de kairomonas en los programas de manejo integrado de plagas para N. signifier como un método sencillo y selectivo, compatible con estrategias de control biológico y químico.

Abstract Thrips are important pest species in a wide variety of crops. Their cryptic behavior imposes a challenge for damage detection and population control with traditional methods (e.g., insecticides). Although the exploitation of chemical ecology strategies for thrip monitoring and mass-trapping is relatively widespread, the research in this regard in Neotropical regions is still scanty. In this study, we conducted a field experiment to test whether the kairomone p-anisaldehyde would increase the effectiveness of sticky traps for controlling (masstrapping) the thrip Neohydatothrips signifier. We found out that sticky traps equipped with the kairomone collected more thrips (nymphs + adults) through time, and this effect was not dependant on trap height. Additionally, we demonstrated that thrip incidence was quickly reduced in Passiflora edulis plants when surrounded by kairomone-containing sticky traps. Our results highlight the benefit of using kairomones in the integrated pest management programs for N. signifier as a straightforward selective method compatible with biological and chemical control strategies.

https://doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2022.26.2.10

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