ABSTRACT. Body condition (BC) can affect the reproductive output and hatchling survival of nesting olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea). However, little is known about the BC of nesting females during the arrival event at nesting sites. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the BC of females nesting in La Escobilla Beach Sanctuary (La Escobilla) during the 2021 nesting season. Nesting females were measured and weighed. The mean size for nesting L. olivacea was 60.41 ± 2.98 cm for straight carapace length, 52.69 ± 2.57 cm for straight carapace width, and 34.35 ± 3.94 kg for weight (n = 483). The mean (± standard deviation, SD) Fulton′s/Bjorndal BC index estimated for nesting females was 1.54 ± 0.15, while the mean (± SD) of body mass index was 2.18 ± 0.23. Based on these indexes, 28 individuals were classified as in bad condition, 315 in good condition, and 19 in excellent condition. This first estimation of the olive ridley turtle body condition in a nesting colony showed that BC is a good body condition for most nesting females in La Escobilla. This study is a valuable baseline for nesting L.olivacea's health condition.

Resumo A sexagem das espécies é uma ferramenta importante para o manejo populacional. Em tartarugas, cágados e jabutis, a sexagem geralmente é feita de acordo com características secundárias, como morfologia do plastrão ou técnicas de eversão do falo. Neste artigo, apresentamos o método de eversão do falo e comparamos sua eficiência com outras técnicas existentes. Este novo método visa encurtar o tempo de manejo e reduzir os efeitos colaterais físicos nos animais, promovendo o manejo clínico e reprodutivo do cágado-de-barbicha (Phrynops geoffroanus) e espécies relacionadas. Uma amostra de cinquenta indivíduos foi coletada na região central do estado do Piauí, Nordeste do Brasil. O método proposto consiste em remover a cabeça de sua posição de repouso. Os métodos que obtiveram índice de sucesso superior a 80% foram comparados entre si quanto ao tempo de estimulação necessário para a eversão do falo. O método aqui proposto alcançou 100% de eficiência na determinação do sexo de espécimes com comprimento de carapaça linear entre 10 e 34 cm. Além disso, quando comparado ao segundo método mais eficiente, reduziu substancialmente o tempo necessário para o manejo dos espécimes (91%), evitando possíveis sequelas nos indivíduos manuseados.

Abstract The sexing of species is an important tool for population management. In tortoises and turtles, sexing is usually done according to secondary characteristics, such as plastron morphology or phallus eversion techniques. In this paper, we present the phallus eversion method and compare its efficiency to other existing techniques. This new method aims at shortening the management time and reducing the physical aftereffects on the animals, fostering the clinical and reproductive management of Geoffroy’s side-necked turtle (Phrynops geoffroanus) and related species. A sample of fifty individuals was taken in the central region of Piauí state, Northeastern Brazil. The proposed method consisted of moving the head from its resting position. The methods achieving a success rate higher than 80% were compared to each other as for the stimulation time required for phallus eversion. The method as here proposed achieved 100% efficiency in the sex determination of specimens with a linear carapace length between 10 and 34 cm. Also, when compared to the second most efficient method, it substantially reduced the time needed for managing the specimens (91%), avoiding possible sequelae in the individuals handled.

ABSTRACT The southwestern Gulf of California is an important source of ornamental marine species traded worldwide, wherein spider crabs Stenorhynchus debilis are popular items. However, little is known about species biology and ecology. This study involves young ovigerous females (28 in total) recollected at Bahía de La Paz, Mexico, into bivalve mariculture devices cleaned every 3-4 months. Total carapace length (TL) and carapace width (CW), weight without eggs (TW), and fecundity (F, number of eggs) were analyzed for multiple relationships. F varied into 162 and 2205 eggs ( x ¯ = 1171 ± 689 eggs), their diameter into 0.38 to 0.45 mm ( x ¯ = 0.396 ± 0.027 mm). Three persistent and interactive modes were detected: low/moderate/high F, small/medium/large size (TL and CW), and light/middle/heavy TW. Log-linearized allometric regressions were applied to determine the relative fecundity constants (RFC) by body complexion, finding high parallelism between TL and CW related to step-wise growth and size categorization upon the isosceles-shaped carapace. In contrast, TW denoted an increase in body complexion across intermolt phases. S. debilis likely completes three maturation/molt cycles within 3-4 months after the first crab instar. RFC values confirmed positive trends by body complexion where egg size and F are related to species size and shape, establishing the trade-off proportions in this study case.

ABSTRACT Sea turtles are endangered animals that present cosmopolitan distribution. Anthropic actions have been considered important causes for the reduction of sea turtle population, but natural aspects such as parasitism may also contribute to their decline. This study aimed to report the occurrence of parasites in stranded dead sea turtles found in an area known as Potiguar Basin, northeastern Brazil, from 2010 to 2019. They were identified and classified according to the carapace length. At post-mortem analyses all organs were examined, parasites collected and morphologically identified. Ecological parasitic indexes as prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI) and mean abundance (MA) were calculated. A total of 80 Chelonia mydas and 5 Eretmochelys imbricata were assessed. Neoctangium travassosi was detected in both species presenting P = 20%, MI = 4.19 and MA = 0.84 for C. mydas and P = 60%, MI = 1.67 and MA = 1.0 for E. imbricata. This is the first report of N. travassosi parasitizing E. imbricata in South America. Finally, the retrieval of these parasites is a warning regarding the need for further studies to assess the impact of this parasitism on the health and conservation of sea turtles. distribution population decline Basin Brazil 201 2019 length postmortem post mortem examined P, , (P) (MI (MA calculated 8 assessed 20 20% 419 4 19 4.1 084 0 84 0.8 C 60 60% 167 1 67 1.6 10 1. E N America Finally (P 2 41 4. 08 0. 6 16

RESUMO As tartarugas marinhas são animais ameaçados de extinção que apresentam distribuição cosmopolita. Ações antrópicas têm sido consideradas causas importantes para a redução da população de tartarugas marinhas, mas aspectos naturais, como o parasitismo, também, podem contribuir para o seu declínio. Este estudo objetivou relatar a ocorrência de parasitos em tartarugas marinhas, encalhadas mortas, encontradas em uma área conhecida como Bacia Potiguar, nordeste do Brasil, de 2010 a 2019. Essas foram identificadas e classificadas de acordo com o comprimento da carapaça. Nas análises post mortem, todos os órgãos foram examinados, e os parasitos coletados e identificados morfologicamente. Foram calculados índices parasitários ecológicos, como prevalência (P), intensidade média (IM) e abundância média (AM). Um total de 80 Chelonia mydas e cinco Eretmochelys imbricata foi estudado. Neoctangium travassosi foi detectado em ambas as espécies, apresentando P = 20%, MI = 4,19 e MA = 0,84 para C. mydas e P = 60%, IM = 1,67 e AM = 1,0 para E. imbricata. Este é o primeiro relato de N. travassossi parasitando E. imbricata na América do Sul. Conclui-se que a recuperação desses parasitos soa como um alerta para a necessidade de mais estudos para avaliar o impacto desse parasitismo na saúde e na conservação das tartarugas marinhas. cosmopolita naturais também declínio mortas Potiguar Brasil 201 2019 carapaça mortem examinados morfologicamente ecológicos P, , (P) (IM AM. . (AM) 8 estudado espécies 20 20% 419 4 19 4,1 084 0 84 0,8 C 60 60% 167 1 67 1,6 10 1, E N Sul Concluise Conclui se (P (AM 2 41 4, 08 0, 6 16

ABSTRACT Panochthus Burmeister is one of the most diversified and widely distributed glyptodonts in the Pleistocene of South America, which includes areas located at high altitudes (>4,000 m a.s.l.). Within the genus, eight species ( P. intermedius Lydekker, P. subintermedius Castellanos, P. tuberculatus (Owen), P. frenzelianus Ameghino, P. greslebini Castellanos, P. jaguaribensis Moreira, P. hipsilis Zurita, Zamorano, Scillato-Yané, Fidel, Iriondo and Gillette, and P. florensis Brambilla, López and Parent) are currently recognized. Here, we report a dorsal carapace (UATF-V n/n) from the Pleistocene of the surroundings of Potosí, Bolivia, that shows some morphological particularities when compared to the carapace of P. intermedius, P. frenzelianus, P. subintermedius and P. tuberculatus , including: a) its maximum dorso-ventral diameter is at the anterior half, meanwhile in other species is at mid-point ( e.g. , Propalaehoplophorus ) or at posterior half ( e.g. , Glyptodon ); b) the dorsal profile is different in comparison to other glyptodonts ( e.g. , Glyptodon , Glyptotherium , Neosclerocalyptus , Propalaehoplophorus ); c) the ornamentation pattern of the osteoderms shows a central figure surrounded by small polygonal figures along the most exposed surface of the carapace (except for the mid-dorsal region that shows reticular ornamentation pattern), being different from that of the remaining species: of Panochthus , in which central figures are limited to the caudal/cephalic and most lateral regions of the carapace. In summary, the combination of characters suggests that it could belong to a new species or, alternatively, to P. floriensis or P. jaguaribensis in which the dorsal carapace is not yet known . The phylogenetic analysis confirms its basal position among Panochthus and highlights the importance of these high elevation areas of the Andes in South America in order to understand the complex evolutionary history of glyptodonts.

RESUMEN Panochthus Burmeister es uno de los gliptodontes más diversificados y ampliamente distribuidos en el Pleistoceno de Sudamérica, incluyendo zonas situadas a gran altura (>4.000 m s.n.m.). Dentro del género, se reconocen actualmente ocho especies ( P. intermedius Lydekker, P. subintermedius Castellanos, P. tuberculatus (Owen), P. frenzelianus Ameghino, P. greslebini Castellanos, P. jaguaribensis Moreira, P. hipsilis Zurita, Zamorano, Scillato-Yané, Fidel, Iriondo y Gillette, y P. florensis Brambilla, López y Parent). Aquí reportamos una coraza dorsal (UATF-V n/n) procedente del Pleistoceno de los alrededores de Potosí, Bolivia, que muestra algunas particularidades morfológicas respecto a las corazas de P. intermedius , P. frenzelianus , P. subintermedius y P. tuberculatus , incluyendo: a) máximo diámetro dorso-ventral situado a la altura de la mitad anterior, mientras que en otras especies se encuentra a la altura del punto medio ( e.g. , Propalaehoplophorus ) o de la mitad posterior ( e.g. , Glyptodon ); b) el perfil dorsal es diferente en comparación con las restantes especies de gliptodontes ( e.g. , Glyptodon , Glyptotherium , Neosclerocalyptus , Propalalehoplophorus ); c) el patrón de ornamentación de los osteodermos muestra una figura central rodeada de pequeñas figuras periféricas poligonales a lo largo de la mayor parte de la superficie expuesta de la coraza (excepto en la región medio dorsal que muestra un patrón de ornamentación reticular), el cual es diferente al de las especies restantes, en las que las figuras centrales se limitan a las regiones caudal, cefálica y más lateral de la coraza. En resumen, la combinación de caracteres sugiere que podría pertenecer a una nueva especie o, alternativamente, a P. floriensis o P. jaguaribensis en las que aún no se conoce la coraza dorsal. El análisis filogenético confirma su posición basal dentro del género Panochthus , lo que evidencia la importancia de estas zonas de gran altitud en los Andes de América del Sur para comprender la compleja historia evolutiva de los gliptodontes.

Abstract Crabs of the Dissodactylus genus are commonly found in symbiosis with other marine invertebrate organisms. This study describes the structure of the population of the Pinnotheridae crab Dissodactylus crinitichelis living in symbiosis with the sand dollar Encope emarginata on a temporal scale and over the size class distribution, sex-ratio, recruitment defined as the specimens of the two first size classes, and breeding period. Specimens were collected in sand bottoms at the infralittoral zone at Flamengo Beach in Ubatuba, in the northeastern coast of São Paulo state, using free diving performed by one diver from August 2017 to July 2018, for 30 minutes per month. 337 juvenile, 51 adult females, and 38 adult males were analyzed, comprising 12 ovigerous females. There was registered recruitment, in almost all months. The sex ratio was 1:1.3, with more females than males in the population. In March, there was a significant recruitment period with 337 juveniles in one sample. The maximum carapace width was 6.6mm in males and 7.65mm in females. The representative number of specimens in the first size class may provide information that D. crinitichelis presents some levels of spatial segregation in the population in this area and should be monitored for preservation. organisms distribution sexratio, sexratio ratio, sex-ratio classes Ubatuba state 201 2018 3 month 33 juvenile 5 analyzed 1 months 11.3, 113 1.3, 1:1.3 March sample 66mm mm 6 6mm 765mm 7 65mm D preservation 20 11 11.3 13 1.3 1:1. 2 11. 1. 1:1 1:

Resumo Caranguejos do gênero Dissodactylus são frequentemente reconhecidos associados a alguma relação simbionte. O objetivo aqui é apresentar algumas características populacionais do caranguejo pinoterídeo Dissodactylus crinitichelis, em associação à bolacha-da-praia Encope emarginata, em escala temporal, destacando a distribuição em classes de tamanho, proporção sexual, recrutamento e período reprodutivo. Os caranguejos foram amostrados mensalmente, no infralitoral não consolidado, na Praia do Flamengo, Ubatuba, litoral norte paulista, junto às bolachas-da-praia, durante sessões de mergulho livre, mensalmente de agosto/2017 a julho/2018, com esforço amostral de aproximadamente 30 minutos/mês, por um coletor. Foram obtidos 426 caranguejos, dos quais 337 indivíduos jovens e 89 adultos sendo 51 fêmeas e 38 machos, incluindo 12 fêmeas ovígeras. O recrutamento foi registrado em praticamente todo o período amostrado, com pico de frequência em março, com 71 jovens. A proporção sexual verificada foi 1:1.3, desviada para as fêmeas. A maior da largura da carapaça para machos e fêmeas de D. crinitichelis foi de 6,6 e 7,65 mm, respectivamente. O principal caráter da população amostrada foi a presença dominante de jovens, o que sugere a existência de segregação espacial da população amostrada em simbiose à bolacha-da-praia, o que parece estabelecer regiões preferenciais de recrutamento nessa praia, o que torna a região de grande importância para a conservação dessa espécie de caranguejo. simbionte bolachadapraia bolacha praia emarginata temporal tamanho reprodutivo consolidado Flamengo Ubatuba paulista bolachasdapraia, bolachasdapraia bolachas bolachas-da-praia livre agosto2017 agosto 2017 agosto/201 julho2018 julho 2018 julho/2018 3 minutosmês minutos mês minutos/mês coletor 42 33 8 5 1 ovígeras amostrado março 7 11.3, 113 1.3, 1:1.3 D 66 6 6, 765 65 7,6 mm respectivamente bolachadapraia, agosto201 201 agosto/20 julho201 julho/201 4 11 11.3 13 1.3 1:1. 76 7, agosto20 20 agosto/2 julho20 julho/20 11. 1. 1:1 agosto2 2 agosto/ julho2 julho/2 1: julho/

Abstract The poorly known pilumnid, Vellumnus penicillatus (Gordon, 1930), is redescribed by examining the Hong Kong types. A new species, Vellumnus tki n. sp., is described from Macclesfield Bank, South China Sea, and it is distinguished from its closest congener, Vellumnus minabensis (Sakai, 1969) from Japan, by the setal pattern on the carapace and pereiopods, carapace proportions, structure of the front and anterolateral teeth, armature on the chelipeds and relatively shorter ambulatory legs. pilumnid Gordon, Gordon (Gordon 1930, 1930 , 1930) types species n sp sp. Bank Sea congener Sakai, Sakai (Sakai 1969 Japan pereiopods proportions teeth legs 193 196 19 1

Abstract The study investigated the population parameters of the shrimp Xiphopenaeus spp. (commonly known as seabob shrimp) in Anchieta, south coast of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, focusing on reducing the sampling effort. Shrimp were collected between February 2013 and February 2015. Individuals were measured, analyzed for sex and stage of reproductive development. In total, 1,564 individuals were analyzed in Anchieta, 534 males (74 juveniles and 460 adults) and 663 females (88 juveniles and 575 adults), and 367 individuals were not identified to sex or maturity. Significant differences were observed in shrimp abundance, with higher catches at the shallowest sampling point and associated with the type of substrate (silt+clay), while in the rainy season (September to March) and dry season (April to August) there were no significant differences. Despite this, greater abundances were found in the rainy season. The sex ratio was 0.80♂: 1♀. Carapace length ranged from 5.7 to 28.9 mm, with larger sizes recorded for females, as well as a larger size at first maturation than males, 12.86 and 11.60 mm respectively. All stages of development of the seabob shrimp were observed at the sampling points and periods, which represents a pattern of continuous reproduction and recruitment of the species in the area. Considering the sample size used, which is comparatively smaller than other studies, all estimates confirm current knowledge about the biology of the species and provide robust data on the seabob shrimp off the Anchieta coast, which are necessary for management and conservation. spp commonly Santo Brazil effort 201 2015 measured total 1564 1 564 1,56 53 74 (7 46 adults 66 88 (8 57 adults, , 36 maturity abundance silt+clay, siltclay silt+clay silt clay (silt+clay) September March April August this 0.80♂ 080 0 80 1♀ 5 7 5. 289 28 9 28. 1286 12 86 12.8 1160 11 60 11.6 respectively periods area used studies conservation 20 156 56 1,5 ( 4 6 8 3 (silt+clay 0.80 08 2 128 12. 116 11. 15 1, 0.8 0.

Resumen Se describe los casos de 2 ejemplares de tortuga chaqueña, Chelonoidis chilensis, atacadas por caninos domésticos. Los pacientes presentaban fracturas del caparazón en la porción caudal, involucrando la pérdida de tejido óseo, con exposición de tejido conectivo. El tratamiento consistió en la fijación de ganchos al caparazón mediante resina epoxi, aproximando la piel a los mismos con poliamida 0.30 mm, acompañado de la administración de cefotaxima, y como analgésico el tramadol y meloxicam. Los espacios abiertos entre piel y caparazón fueron tratados con una combinación de clorhexidina con glicerina, y cubiertos con tintura de propóleo al 20 %. Los pacientes fueron mantenidos en un ambiente limpio, pero sin manipulación de las variables atmosféricas. A las 5 semanas se retiraron las suturas y se constató la adhesión del tegumento y estabilidad de las heridas.

Abstract The case of two Chaco tortoises, Chelonoidis chilensis, attacked by canines is described. The patients presented fractures of the carapace in the caudal portion, involving loss of bone tissue, with exposure of connective tissue. The treatment consisted in hooks that were attached to the shell using epoxy resin, bringing the skin close to them with 0.30 mm polyamide, combined with cefotaxime, and tramadol and meloxicam as analgesic. The open spaces between skin and shell were treated with a combination of chlorhexidine with glycerin, and covered with 20 % propolis tincture. The patients were kept in a clean environment, but without manipulation of atmospheric variables. Sutures were removed after 5 weeks, after which the adhesion of the integument and the stability of the wounds were verified.

Abstract In order to know the morphological variations of Goyazana castelnaui, we conducted an ontogenetic study from the first crab stage to the adult stage using geometric morphometry. We studied 36 females, 43 males and 162 juveniles collected in the Pajeú River, Brazil. We photographed crabs’ carapace, pleon and right cheliped with they arranged parallel to the plane, afterwards landmarks and semi-landmarks were strategically distributed in the images. Through principal components analysis, we observed that the variation occurred mainly in the frontal and posterior region of the carapace. The pleon presented marked variations in the posterior and anterolateral region, while chelipeds presented greater variations at the base of the fixed finger. The canonical variation between sexes and between juveniles and adults (p<0.05) varied significantly. Correct allocations obtained by discriminant analysis (p<0.05) varied between 89.3% and 100.0%. The carapace shows a constant dimorphism along the ontogenetic trajectory, and both sexes reach similar centroid sizes (p>0.05). While the pleon and the cheliped, both sexes are similar when juvenile, diverging along the trajectory and reaching different centroid sizes (p<0.05). Females have a larger pleon and males a larger cheliped, corroborating the monophyletic theory of Brachyura. castelnaui morphometry 3 females 4 16 River Brazil crabs plane semilandmarks semi images finger p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05 significantly 893 89 89.3 1000 100 100.0% p>0.05. p>0.05 . (p>0.05) juvenile p<0.05. Brachyura 1 p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 8 89. 10 100.0 p>0.0 (p>0.05 p<0. p0 (p<0. 100. p>0. (p>0.0 p<0 (p<0 p>0 (p>0. p< (p< p> (p>0 (p (p>

ABSTRACT Pseudochthonius lubueno sp. nov., a new obligatory cave-dwelling pseudoscorpion species is described from Gruna da Altina cave, the fifth species of the genus in the region of Serra do Ramalho karst area, southwestern Bahia, Brazil. This genus occurs in South and Central America, sub-Saharan central Africa, and in the Arabian Peninsula. The new species can be identified by the following combination of characters: eyes or eyespots absent, coxa I with two and coxa II with 4-5 coxal spines, without microdenticles on the fixed pedipalpal finger, rallum with five blades, ratio ist-est/ist-esb = 1.9. With this new description, the genus now includes 15 species from Brazil: P. biseriatus Mahnert, 2001, P. brasiliensis Beier, 1970, P. diamachi Prado & Ferreira, 2023, P. gracilimanus Mahnert, 2001, P. heterodentatus Hoff, 1946, P. homodentatus Chamberlin, 1929, P. koinopoliteia Prado & Ferreira, 2023, P. lubueno sp. nov., P. orthodactylus Muchmore, 1970, P. olegario Schimons ky, 2022, P. pali Prado & Ferreira, 2023, P. ramalho Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette, 2021, P. ricardoi Mahnert, 2001, P. strinatii Beier, 1969 and P. tuxeni Mahnert, 1979. The new species shows troglomorphic characteristics such as the depigmentation of the carapace and the absence of eyes. In addition, illustrations, diagnoses, an identification key for cave-dwelling species of the genus, and distribution maps for all Brazilian species of Pseudochthonius are provided. sp nov nov. cavedwelling cave dwelling area Bahia Brazil America subSaharan sub Saharan Africa Peninsula characters absent 45 4 5 4- spines finger blades istest/istesb istestistesb ist est/ist esb est 19 1 9 1.9 description P Mahnert 2001 Beier 1970 Ferreira 2023 Hoff 1946 Chamberlin 1929 Muchmore ky 2022 Assis Bichuette 2021 196 1979 addition illustrations diagnoses provided istest istesb estist 1. 200 197 202 194 192 20 2

Abstract The present study provides some parameters of the population biology of Charybdis (Charybdis) hellerii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1867), an invasive swimming crab inhabiting the estuarine portion of the Sergipe River, northeastern Brazilian coast. Samplings were carried out monthly from July 2015 to June 2016 with baited traps. The species was the second most abundant caught organism and its relative abundance ranged over the time from 11 to 59%. Sex ratio was 1:1 and all individuals were morphologically mature. Males were bigger than females. Ovigerous females were observed year-round and the smallest one was 31.35 mm carapace width. These findings show that the population is well established on the Sergipe coast. The entire distribution, and possible impacts, of C. (C.) hellerii on local environments need to be evaluated in further studies. (Charybdis A. A (A MilneEdwards, MilneEdwards Milne Edwards, Edwards Milne-Edwards 1867, 1867 , 1867) River coast 201 traps 1 59 59% 1: mature yearround year round 3135 31 35 31.3 width distribution impacts C (C. studies 186 20 5 313 3 31. (C 18 2

Abstract Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a significant agricultural pest in palm plantations across tropical America, playing a critical role as a vector of the fungus Thielaviopsis paradoxa, which is the causative agent of stem bleeding disease in coconut palms. This disease has raised concerns due to its rapid spread and subsequent reduction in coconut production in northeastern Brazil. Additionally, this insect can establish mutualistic interactions with various fungi, including saprophytic, phytopathogenic, and entomopathogenic fungi, underscoring the importance of identifying its external mycobiota. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of T. paradoxa in the digestive tract and identify the cultivable mycobiota associated with the carapace of R. palmarum. To achieve this, a mycological study was conducted by culturing the external surface and digestive tract of field-caught adult insects (10 males and 10 females) on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. Fungal identification was performed by correlating microscopic features with the macroscopic characteristics of the obtained colonies. The results showed that T. paradoxa was detected in 15.0% of carapace isolates but was not found in the insects' intestinal tract. Additionally, nine fungal genera frequently associated with saprophytic or phytopathogenic behaviors were identified on the carapace. Eight of these genera belong to the Ascomycota phylum, while one is classified in the Basidiomycota phylum. The ubiquitous presence of Paecilomyces spp. and the occurrence of Trichosporon spp. in 95% of the assessed insects stand out. Furthermore, other potentially phytopathogenic fungi such as Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., and Aspergillus spp., as well as fungi with entomopathogenic potential like Paecilomyces spp., Trichoderma spp., Metarhizium spp., and Beauveria bassiana, were detected. These findings enhance the understanding of the complex interactions between R. palmarum and its fungal hosts, providing insights for integrated pest management strategies. Coleoptera (Coleoptera Curculionidae America palms Brazil Additionally T R fieldcaught field caught (1 1 females PDA (PDA Maceió Alagoas colonies 150 15 0 15.0 phylum spp 95 out Furthermore bassiana hosts strategies ( 15. 9

Resumo Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) é uma praga agrícola de plantações de palmeiras na América tropical, apresentando grande importância por ser vetor do fungo Thielaviopsis paradoxa, agente causal da doença de sangramento do tronco (resinose) em coqueiros, que tem causado grande preocupação devido à sua rápida disseminação e consequente redução na produção de coco no nordeste do Brasil. Além disso, este inseto pode apresentar interações mutualísticas com diferentes fungos, incluindo fungos saprofíticos, fitopatógenos e entomopatógenos, destacando a importância de identificar sua micobiota externa. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a presença de T. paradoxa no trato digestivo e identificar a micobiota cultivável associada à carapaça de R. palmarum. Para isso, um estudo micológico foi realizado através de cultivo em ágar batata dextrose (APD) da parte externa e do trato digestivo de insetos adultos capturados em campo (10 machos e 10 fêmeas) na cidade de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. A identificação dos fungos foi realizada associando os aspectos microscópicos às características macroscópicas das colônias obtidas. Os resultados revelaram que T. paradoxa foi detectado em 15,0% dos isolados da carapaça, mas não foi encontrado no trato intestinal dos insetos. Além disso, foram identificados na carapaça nove gêneros fúngicos frequentemente associados a comportamentos saprófitos ou fitopatogênicos. Oito desses gêneros pertencem ao filo Ascomycota, enquanto um é classificado no filo Basidiomycota. Destaca-se a presença ubíqua de Paecilomyces spp. e a ocorrência de Trichosporon spp. em 95% dos insetos avaliados. Adicionalmente, outros fungos potencialmente fitopatogênicos, como Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp. e Aspergillus spp., e fungos com potencial entomopatogênico, como Paecilomyces spp., Trichoderma spp., Metarhizium spp. e Beauveria bassiana, foram detectados. Essas descobertas ampliam a compreensão das complexas interações entre R. palmarum e seus fungos hospedeiros, fornecendo informações para estratégias de manejo integrado de pragas. Coleoptera (Coleoptera Curculionidae tropical resinose (resinose coqueiros Brasil disso saprofíticos entomopatógenos T R isso APD (APD (1 1 fêmeas Maceió Alagoas obtidas 150 15 0 15,0 fitopatogênicos Ascomycota Basidiomycota Destacase Destaca se spp 95 avaliados Adicionalmente entomopatogênico bassiana detectados hospedeiros pragas ( 15, 9

ABSTRACT Research on olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) has emphasized egg-laying females and neonates, using data collected on nesting beaches, but no systematic studies on morphological characteristics by size and sex have been published. This research describes the morphometry of free-living olive ridley sea turtles from coastal and oceanic waters of the Mexican Central Pacific captured and released from 2011 through 2013. A total of 3469 km was surveyed, and 142 sea turtles were evaluated by sex, size class, marine area, and geographic region for nine corporal measurements and their allometric relationships. The average curved carapace length (CCL) was 62.12 cm, range 42-94 cm. Significant differences were found by sex and size class with total tail length (TTL) (♂ = 26.33 cm, ♀ = 12.4 cm); similarly with vent to tail tip length (VTTL) (♂ = 6.38 cm, ♀ = 3.86 cm); and for rear flipper length (RFL) (♂ = 28.17 cm, ♀ = 38.62 cm, immatures = 23.80 cm). Turtles from the coastal region of Colima-Michoacán showed longer CCL = 62.46 cm and wider CW = 66.58 cm. Adult female RFLs showed positive allometry, b = 1.098, suggesting an accelerated growth of the posterior extremities, probably favoring reproductive behaviors, e.g. nest digging and egg-covering. Morphological differences were likely due to ontogenetic sexual distinctions rather than marine area or geographic differences.

RESUMO: Com o objetivo de determinar os principais achados anatomopatológicos de Testudines necropsiados no Distrito Federal, foram revisadas todas as fichas de necropsia realizadas no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade de Brasília (LPV-UnB) em Testudines, durante o período de janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2020. Os 72 casos revisados foram agrupados e classificados quanto à espécie, sexo, procedência, estação do ano de ocorrência e diagnóstico. Em 69,44% dos casos havia a espécie informada nos protocolos de necropsia, que incluíam Phrynops geoffroanus (38%), Trachemys dorbigni (36%), Chelonoidis carbonaria (14%), Chelonoidis denticulata (10%) e Podocnemis expansa (2%). Em 30,55% dos casos não tiveram esse parâmetro informado e foram classificados apenas como Testudines. Em 41,66% casos foi informado o sexo, sendo fêmea 22,22%, macho 19,44% e não informados 58,33%. Destes animais 79,16% eram de órgão ambiental e 20,84% de zoológicos e ou tutores. Em 70,83% dos animais analisados tiveram direta relação com as estações de outono e inverno, sendo o mês de junho o mais frequente (29,17%). O diagnóstico conclusivo foi possível em 68,05% dos casos. A categoria de distúrbios causados por agentes lesivos (48,97%) foi a mais prevalente, seguido por distúrbios inflamatórios (32,65%) e dos distúrbios nutricionais e metabólicos (28,57%). Os principais diagnósticos foram fratura de carapaça e ou plastrão com 30,61%, esteatose hepática (20,40%) e pneumonia (10,22%). A maior parte dos casos de fratura de carapaça ou plastrão e de esteatose hepática ocorreram em animais provenientes de órgão ambiental.

ABSTRACT: In order to determine the main anatomopathological findings of Testudines necropsied in the Distrito Federal, all necropsy records performed at the “Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária” of the “Universidade de Brasília” (LPV-UnB) on Testudines during the period from January 2008 to July 2020 were reviewed. The 72 cases reviewed were grouped and classified according to species, sex, origin, season of occurrence, and diagnosis. In 69.44% of the cases the species was informed in the necropsy protocols, which included Phrynops geoffroanus (38%), Trachemys dorbigni (36%), Chelonoidis carbonaria (14%), Chelonoidis denticulata (10%) and Podocnemis expansa (2%). In 30.55% of the cases this parameter was not informed and were classified only as Testudines. In 41.66% of the cases the sex was informed, being female 22.22%, male 19.44%, and 58.33% were not informed. Of these animals 79.16% were from environmental agencies and 20.84% from zoos and/or guardians. In 70.83% of the animals analyzed they were directly related to the autumn and winter seasons, with June being the most frequent month (29.17%). The conclusive diagnosis was possible in 68.05% of the cases. The category of disorders caused by injurious agents (48.97%) was the most prevalent, followed by inflammatory disorders (32.65%) and nutritional and metabolic disorders (28.57%). The main diagnoses were carapace and/or plastron fracture with 30.61%, hepatic steatosis (20.40%) and pneumonia (10.22%). Most cases of carapace or plastron fracture and hepatic steatosis occurred in animals from environmental agencies.