Abstract The study analyzed the socio-environmental determination of health in five sugarcane-producing municipalities in Pernambuco. This participatory, qualitative research was conducted from January to August 2022. Workshops were held in the participating communities to build the Participatory Rural Diagnosis of protective and destructive processes of global, community, and individual socio-environmental health dimensions. The communities pointed to social inequalities, productive deregulation, environmental degradation, labor exploitation, violence, and illness as the main processes affecting the territories. Despite this, protective processes were related to the social function of land and the right to agrarian reform, family farming, solidarity and community organization ties, and individual and family self-care practices. The diagnosis points to the need to build public policies for equity, protection, and reparation of the eco-social health of territories affected by sugarcane cultivation, burdened with intense use of pesticides and burning and over-exploited labor, among other socio-environmental problems.

Resumo O estudo analisou a determinação socioambiental da saúde em cinco municípios produtores de cana-de-açúcar em Pernambuco. Trata-se de uma pesquisa participante com abordagem qualitativa, realizada no período de janeiro a agosto de 2022. Foram realizadas oficinas nas comunidades participantes para a construção do Diagnóstico Rural Participativo dos processos protetores e destrutivos de dimensão global, comunitária e individual da saúde socioambiental. As comunidades apontaram as iniquidades sociais, a desregulamentação produtiva, degradação ambiental, exploração pelo trabalho, violência e adoecimento como os principais processos que acometem os territórios. Apesar disso, os processos protetores foram relacionados à função social da terra e o direito à reforma agrária; à agricultura familiar; aos laços de solidariedade e organização comunitária, bem como às práticas de autocuidado individual e familiar. O diagnóstico aponta para a necessidade da construção de políticas públicas de equidade, proteção e reparação da saúde ecossocial dos territórios afetados pelo cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, onde há intenso uso de agrotóxicos, prática de queimadas e superexploração do trabalho, dentre outros problemas socioambientais.

Resumen El estudio analizó la determinación socioambiental de la salud en cinco municipios productores de caña de azúcar de Pernambuco, Brasil. Se trata de una investigación participativa con enfoque cualitativo, realizada de enero a agosto de 2022. Se realizaron talleres en las comunidades participantes para construir el Diagnóstico Rural Participativo de procesos protectores y destructivos de las dimensiones global, comunitaria e individual de la salud socioambiental. Las comunidades señalaron las inequidades sociales, la desregulación productiva, la degradación ambiental, la explotación laboral, la violencia y las enfermedades como los principales procesos que afectan los territorios. Pese a ello, los procesos protectores estuvieron relacionados con la función social de la tierra y el derecho a la reforma agraria; a la agricultura familiar; vínculos de solidaridad y organización comunitaria, así como prácticas de autocuidado individual y familiar. El diagnóstico apunta a la necesidad de construir políticas públicas de equidad, protección y reparación de la salud eco-social de los territorios afectados por el cultivo de la caña de azúcar, donde existe un uso intenso de pesticidas, quemas y sobreexplotación del trabajo, entre otros problemas socioambientales.

Résumé: Cet article vise à explorer la danse à travers le prisme du genre, en utilisant l'étude de cas de Mimosa/Twenty Looks or Paris is Burning, une performance collective conçue par quatre des plus importants chorégraphes contemporains : Trajal Harrell, Cecilia Bengolea, François Chaignaud et Marlene Monteiro Freitas. Ce texte interrogera différents éléments mis en évidence par cette performance, tels que la manière dont l'héritage de la danse peut dialoguer avec les perspectives contemporaines concernant les questions de classe, de genre et de race, nous aidant ainsi à mieux comprendre la représentation de l'identité sous-culturelle dans la danse.

Abstract: This article explores dance through the lens of gender, using the case study of Mimosa/Twenty Looks or Paris is Burning, a collective performance conceived by four of the most important contemporary choreographers: Trajal Harrell, Cecilia Bengolea, François Chaignaud, and Marlene Monteiro Freitas. This text interrogates different elements highlighted by this performance, such as how dance heritage may dialogue with contemporary perspectives concerning class, gender, and race issues, to help us better understand the representation of subcultural identity in dance.

Resumo: Este artigo explora a dança por intermédio da lente do gênero, utilizando o estudo de caso de Mimosa / Twenty Looks or Paris is Burning, uma performance coletiva concebida por quatro dos mais importantes coreógrafos contemporâneos: Trajal Harrell, Cecilia Bengolea, François Chaignaud e Marlene Monteiro Freitas. Este texto interroga diferentes elementos destacados por essa performance, como a forma pela qual a herança da dança pode dialogar com as perspectivas contemporâneas referentes a questões de classe, gênero e raça, para nos ajudar a compreender melhor a representação da identidade subcultural na dança.

Resumo O estudo analisou a determinação socioambiental da saúde em cinco municípios produtores de cana-de-açúcar em Pernambuco. Trata-se de uma pesquisa participante com abordagem qualitativa, realizada no período de janeiro a agosto de 2022. Foram realizadas oficinas nas comunidades participantes para a construção do Diagnóstico Rural Participativo dos processos protetores e destrutivos de dimensão global, comunitária e individual da saúde socioambiental. As comunidades apontaram as iniquidades sociais, a desregulamentação produtiva, degradação ambiental, exploração pelo trabalho, violência e adoecimento como os principais processos que acometem os territórios. Apesar disso, os processos protetores foram relacionados à função social da terra e o direito à reforma agrária; à agricultura familiar; aos laços de solidariedade e organização comunitária, bem como às práticas de autocuidado individual e familiar. O diagnóstico aponta para a necessidade da construção de políticas públicas de equidade, proteção e reparação da saúde ecossocial dos territórios afetados pelo cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, onde há intenso uso de agrotóxicos, prática de queimadas e superexploração do trabalho, dentre outros problemas socioambientais.

Resumen El estudio analizó la determinación socioambiental de la salud en cinco municipios productores de caña de azúcar de Pernambuco, Brasil. Se trata de una investigación participativa con enfoque cualitativo, realizada de enero a agosto de 2022. Se realizaron talleres en las comunidades participantes para construir el Diagnóstico Rural Participativo de procesos protectores y destructivos de las dimensiones global, comunitaria e individual de la salud socioambiental. Las comunidades señalaron las inequidades sociales, la desregulación productiva, la degradación ambiental, la explotación laboral, la violencia y las enfermedades como los principales procesos que afectan los territorios. Pese a ello, los procesos protectores estuvieron relacionados con la función social de la tierra y el derecho a la reforma agraria; a la agricultura familiar; vínculos de solidaridad y organización comunitaria, así como prácticas de autocuidado individual y familiar. El diagnóstico apunta a la necesidad de construir políticas públicas de equidad, protección y reparación de la salud eco-social de los territorios afectados por el cultivo de la caña de azúcar, donde existe un uso intenso de pesticidas, quemas y sobreexplotación del trabajo, entre otros problemas socioambientales.

Abstract The study analyzed the socio-environmental determination of health in five sugarcane-producing municipalities in Pernambuco. This participatory, qualitative research was conducted from January to August 2022. Workshops were held in the participating communities to build the Participatory Rural Diagnosis of protective and destructive processes of global, community, and individual socio-environmental health dimensions. The communities pointed to social inequalities, productive deregulation, environmental degradation, labor exploitation, violence, and illness as the main processes affecting the territories. Despite this, protective processes were related to the social function of land and the right to agrarian reform, family farming, solidarity and community organization ties, and individual and family self-care practices. The diagnosis points to the need to build public policies for equity, protection, and reparation of the eco-social health of territories affected by sugarcane cultivation, burdened with intense use of pesticides and burning and over-exploited labor, among other socio-environmental problems.

The increase in the average temperature of the Earth due to excess CO2 and other greenhouse gases has caused glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise. The burning of fossil fuels is one of the main causes of this problem, so the use of biofuels is important for mitigating this environmental impact. In Brazil, biodiesel is mixed with mineral; however, irregularities have been detected, reducing the expected positive effects. Therefore, this study proposes the use of multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares (MCR ALS) to quantify the content of methyl palm oil biodiesel in diesel blends and determine the concentration of the adulterant automotive lubricating oil in the blend. The model for quantifying biodiesel in diesel obtained R2 = 0.9997, root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) = 0.56% (v v-1) and prediction (RMSEP) = 0.65% (v v-1), while the determination of adulteration in the biodiesel-diesel blend showed RMSEC = 0.67% (v v-1), RMSEP = 0.81% (v v-1) and R2 = 0.9992. These results demonstrate the ability of the models developed to predict both the content and quantity of possible adulterants in blends of palm oil biodiesel and mineral diesel, contributing to the quality control of this fuel. CO rise problem impact Brazil however detected effects Therefore MCR ALS R 09997 0 9997 0.9997 (RMSEC 056 56 0.56 v v1 1 v-1 (RMSEP 065 65 0.65 v1, , biodieseldiesel 067 67 0.67 081 81 0.81 09992 9992 0.9992 fuel 0999 999 0.999 05 5 0.5 v- 06 6 0.6 08 8 0.8 099 99 0.99 0. 09 9 0.9

Consider the following hypothetical scenario: A patient suffering constant abdominal pain is referred to State Hospital A from her local clinic after not responding to simple analgesics for chronic pelvic pain associated with irregular menstruation. The doctors at State Hospital A discover that she has a suspicion of adenomyosis. She gives written informed consent for a hysterectomy. During routine postoperative check-ups she reports no alleviation of the pelvic pain, urinary frequency along with burning on micturition and a persistent vaginal discharge. Preoperatively, she was not told that the surgeons had inserted a surgical mesh to prevent vault prolapse. She is given antibiotics and further simple analgesia. As her symptoms do not improve she self-refers to State Hospital B. She is informed that she needs a CAT scan. However, the hospital's scanner has been out of order for three years. She is advised to go to State Hospital C, where the scanner works, but is not given a referral note. She is told by Hospital C that the doctors are too busy to see her, and as she does not have an appointment, and is not an emergency case she should go back to Hospital A. She does not want to go back to Hospital A, as during her last visit there, nursing staff accused her of being a nuisance and escorted her off the premises. She approaches Private Hospital D, where her abdomen and pelvis are scanned. The scan shows the surgical mesh inside her pelvis which had disintegrated. She is told that it is too risky to remove all the fragments, but that some could be removed at a cost - which she could not afford. The surgeon refers her back to State Hospital A with a referral note and copy of the CAT scan report.

Abstract César Vallejo was incarcerated for 112 days in Trujillo prison. He was accused of having participated in the robbery and burning of Carlos Santa María's shop. The literary critics who have dealt with these events have paid attention to the impact of this prison experience on the author's poetry and narrative, but they have not examined or interpreted the complaint recorded by the alleged victim. This is why in this article I analyze in detail the structural components of that document, which allows us to see that the defendants were presented as people easily inclined to violence and theft. Such a configuration produces a plausible effect on the complaint, so that it is logical to believe that they were responsible for the crimes.

Resumen César Vallejo estuvo preso por 112 días en la cárcel de Trujillo. Lo acusaron de haber participado en el robo y el incendio del establecimiento comercial de Carlos Santa María. Los críticos literarios que se han ocupado de estos hechos prestaron atención al impacto de esta experiencia carcelaria en la poesía y la narrativa del autor, pero no examinaron ni interpretaron la denuncia que registró el supuesto agraviado. Es por ello que en este artículo analizo detalladamente los componentes estructurales de dicho documento, lo cual permite advertir que los acusados fueron presentados como personas fácilmente inclinadas a la violencia y el hurto. Dicha configuración produce un efecto verosímil en la denuncia, de modo que resulta lógico creer que ellos fueron los responsables de los delitos.

ABSTRACT: Allergic contact stomatitis (ACS) is an inflammatory reaction of the oral mucosa resulting from contact with irritants or allergens, which is rare and difficult to diagnose. Female patient, 35 years old, feoderma, sought care complaining of sores on her lips that had been burning for two years, after being affected by COVID-19. The patient reported allergies to watch straps and clothing tags. Examination of the lips at the first visit revealed diffuse erythema and areas of scaling. Lip moisturizing cream was prescribed; hematological tests were requested, with clinical hypotheses of pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid and herpes simplex infection. Hematological exams and incisional biopsy ruled out the clinical diagnoses and during follow-up consultations the patient revealed new ulcerated lesions, and corticosteroid and urea-based cream was then prescribed. Given the report of a worsening of the condition with the use of certain masks, a diagnosis of EAC was issued to polyester masks, and the patient was advised not to use this type of mask. Currently, she has no lip injuries.

RESUMEN: La estomatitis por contacto alérgico (ECA) es una reacción inflamatoria de la mucosa oral resultante del contacto con irritantes o alérgenos, que es rara y difícil de diagnosticar. Una paciente, mujer de 35 años de edad, feodérmica, buscó atención quejándose de úlceras con ardor en los labios durante dos años, después de verse afectada por COVID-19. La paciente además informó de alergias a las correas de reloj y etiquetas de ropa. El examen de los labios durante la primera visita reveló eritema difuso y áreas de descamación. Se prescribió una crema hidratante para labios y se solicitaron pruebas hematológicas, con hipótesis clínicas de pénfigo vulgar, pénfigo de membranas mucosas e infección por herpes simplex. Los exámenes hematológicos y la biopsia incisional descartaron los diagnósticos clínicos y durante las consultas de seguimiento la paciente reveló nuevas lesiones ulceradas, por lo que se prescribió crema a base de corticosteroides y urea. Dado el informe de un empeoramiento de la condición con el uso de ciertas mascarillas, se emitió un diagnóstico de ECA para las mascarillas de poliéster, y se aconsejó a la paciente que no usara este tipo de mascarilla. Actualmente, la paciente no presenta lesiones en los labios.

Abstract Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare genodermatosis described in 1939, with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, characterized by compromised adhesion between epidermal keratinocytes. It has an estimated prevalence of 1/50,000, with no gender or race predilection. It results from a heterozygous mutation in the ATP2C1 gene, which encodes the transmembrane protein hSPA1C, present in all tissues, with preferential expression in keratinocytes. Mutations in the ATP2C1 gene cause changes in the synthesis of junctional proteins, leading to acantholysis. It usually begins in adulthood, with isolated cases at the extremes of life. It manifests as vesico-bullous lesions mainly in the flexural areas, which develop into erosions and crusts. Chronic lesions may form vegetative or verrucous plaques. Pruritus, a burning feeling and pain are common. It evolves with periods of remission and exacerbation, generally triggered by humidity, friction, heat, trauma and secondary infections. The diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological criteria: marked suprabasal acantholysis, loosely joined keratinocytes, giving the appearance of a “dilapidated brick wall”, with a few dyskeratotic cells. The acantholysis affects the epidermis and spares the adnexal epithelia, which helps in the differential diagnosis with pemphigus vulgaris. Direct immunofluorescence is negative. The main differential diagnoses are Darier disease, pemphigus vegetans, intertrigo, contact dermatitis, and inverse psoriasis. There is no cure and the treatment is challenging, including measures to control heat, sweat and friction, topical medications (corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antibiotics), systemic medications (antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, retinoids and immunobiologicals) and procedures such as botulinum toxin, laser and surgery. There is a lack of controlled clinical trials to support the choice of the best treatment. HaileyHailey Hailey 1939 pattern keratinocytes 150000 1 50 000 1/50,000 predilection ATPC ATP C ATP2C hSPA1C hSPAC hSPA tissues proteins adulthood life vesicobullous vesico bullous areas crusts plaques Pruritus common exacerbation humidity friction heat infections criteria dilapidated wall, wall , wall” cells epithelia vulgaris negative vegetans intertrigo dermatitis psoriasis challenging corticosteroids (corticosteroids inhibitors antibiotics, antibiotics antibiotics) (antibiotics immunosuppressants immunobiologicals toxin surgery 193 15000 5 00 1/50,00 19 1500 0 1/50,0 150 1/50, 15 1/50 1/5 1/

Verlorenvlei is a globally important RAMSAR wetland on the arid west coast of South Africa. A prolonged drought between 2016 and 2021 and increasing competition for water from the agricultural sector resulted in extremely low water levels. We used historical aerial and satellite imagery from 1942 and rainfall and water level data for the past 50 years, to assess habitat changes within the estuarine functional zone of the Verlorenvlei Estuarine Lake. Prior to the drought, lake water levels and water surface area remained stable (1113 ± 27 ha (SE)). Since then, there has been a 64% decrease in open water area, exposing 193 ha of sandbanks, of which 190.9 ha were hyper-sulfidic pyrite-rich. The water in the lower lake was hypersaline (>100), and in the middle, it was acidic (pH<3). The low water level plus sediment and nutrient input from surrounding agriculture resulted in a localised increase in reeds. Additional pressures, such as fires, have reduced the above-ground biomass of reeds and sedges, potentially altering surface morphology and reducing stored carbon. Despite flooding and filling up in June 2023, the lake remained in an acidic state (3.9-4.3). Similar low-lake level, hypersaline and acidic conditions are predicted to become more common under future climate change scenarios where aridity and extreme weather events are anticipated. Inflow of fresh water into the estuary and control of farming practices are required to keep the Verlorenvlei in a functional state, with long-term monitoring necessary to assess the ecological condition in response to restoration actions. SIGNIFICANCE: We assessed the habitat changes in Verlorenvlei, an estuarine lake on the arid west coast of South Africa. Estuarine lakes are scarce, and an extended drought greatly reduced the water surface area, exposing hyper-sulfidic pyrite-rich soils, leading to lake acidification and a negative response from biota. Competition for water from agribusiness and the burning of reeds are added pressures. Subsequent heavy rains have been slow to buffer lake acidity, and the impacts thereof serve as a warning for the management of similar ecosystems and their ecological water requirements, especially under climate change where extreme weather conditions, increased aridity and competition for water are realities.

Resumen Los incendios afectan a más superficies naturales que cualquier otro factor de disturbio en el Planeta. Resultan de la coincidencia de combustible, condiciones ambientales secas y una fuente de ignición. En el estado de Michoacán existen las condiciones propicias para la ocurrencia anual de numerosas conflagraciones. La teledetección ofrece información global, consistente y objetiva sobre los incendios, con la generación de series de áreas quemadas, como MCD64A1 de 500m, generada con datos MODIS. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar esta serie para conocer los incendios ocurridos en la entidad entre 2015 y 2022, considerando las coberturas afectadas (Serie VII de INEGI), la precipitación y la temperatura. Se contabilizaron al año, en promedio 3 340.87 pixeles con incendios; 2021, durante la pandemia de Covid-19, fue el año con el mayor número de registros (5 269 pixeles) y 2022 con menos (2 398). Los incendios se concentraron en mayo (1551.00 pixeles en promedio) y abril (958.38 pixeles); el máximo número de incendios se detectó en abril de 2021 (2 347 pixeles), seguido de mayo de 2020 (2 094 pixeles). La mayoría de los eventos se asocian a quemas agrícolas (48.41%) en terrenos de riego, en primavera e invierno; los incendios forestales afectan sobre todo a bosques templados y a la vegetación secundaria asociada (32.85%); en zonas de bosque tropical caducifolio (17.14%), los incendios ocurren, en su mayoría, en vegetación secundaria. En los años con un inicio temprano de la temporada de lluvias (2015 y 2018) se acumularon menos incendios.

Abstract Fires affect more natural surfaces than any other disturbance factor on the planet. They result from the interaction of fuel, dry environmental conditions, and an ignition source. In the state of Michoacán conditions are conducive for the annual occurrence of numerous fires. Remote sensing offers global, consistent and objective information on fires, with the generation of series of burned areas, such as the 500m MCD64A1 generated from MODIS data. The objective of this work was to analyze this series to know the fires that occurred in the entity between 2015 and 2022, considering vegetation covers affected (INEGI Series VII) precipitation and temperature. An average of 3 340.87 pixels with fires were recorded annually; 2021, during confinement due to the Covid-19 pandemic, was the year with the most fires (5 269 pixels) and 2022 with the fewest (2 398). The fires are concentrated in the driest and hottest months, mainly May (1551.00 pixels on average) and April (958.38 pixels); the highest number was recorded in April 2021 (2 347 pixels), and the second month with the most detections was May 2020 (2 094 pixels). Most events are associated with agricultural burning (48.41%), mainly in irrigated land, in spring and winter. Forest fires significantly affect temperate forests and associated secondary vegetation (32.85%); in tropical deciduous forest areas (17.14%), fires occur mostly in secondary vegetation. In years with an early onset of rains (2015 and 2018), fewer fires accumulated.

Abstract Compaction affects the cultivation of sugarcane. The objective of this work was to analyze the spatial variability of resistance to penetration in a Pelic Vertisol planted with sugar cane under different management practices. The study was conducted in areas of the Provincial Sugar Cane Research Station of Holguín, Mayarí, Holguin Province, Cuba. The harvest was carried out with the cane plant variety C8612, using a KTP-2M combine cane harvester on tires, with a KAMAZ truck. A split plot experimental design was used, with 3 treatments, 4 subtreatments and 4 repetitions. The treatments were: crop residue burning (A), crop residue disposal (B), and crop residue conservation (C). An IAA/Planalsucar-Stolf impact penetrometer was used to determine the penetration resistance. The results were expressed in constant intervals (5 cm) up to 30 cm depth. The semivariances were determined as a function of distance; the adjustment of the experimental semivariograms was carried out using the appropriate theoretical models, and the degree of spatial dependence was verified. Soil penetration resistance increased up to the 15-20 cm layer, where it reached 11,133 MPa, decreasing to 8,401 MPa at a depth of 25-30 cm. The greatest resistance to penetration was found in treatments A and B. However, the most compacted layers appeared at a lower depth (10-20 cm) in A, compared to B (15-30 cm), particularly towards areas where organic fertilizer was not applied or not fertilized. The lowest penetration resistance was found in treatment C.

Resumen La compactación afecta al cultivo de la caña de azúcar. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la variabilidad espacial de la resistencia a la penetración en un Vertisol Pélico plantado con caña de azúcar bajo diferentes prácticas de manejo. El estudio se realizó en áreas de la Estación Provincial de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar de Holguín, Mayarí, Provincia Holguín, Cuba. La cosecha se realizó a la cepa caña planta de la variedad C8612, usando una combinada cañera KTP-2M sobre neumáticos, con un camión KAMAZ. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de parcela dividida, con 3 tratamientos, 4 subtratamientos y 4 repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron: quema de residuos de cosecha (A), eliminación de residuos de cosecha (B), y conservación de residuos de cosecha (C). Para la determinación de la resistencia a la penetración se utilizó un penetrómetro de impacto IAA/ Planalsucar-Stolf. Los resultados fueron expresados en intervalos constantes (5 cm), hasta los 30 cm de profundidad. Se determinaron las semivarianzas en función de la distancia; se realizó el ajuste de los semivariogramas experimentales mediante los modelos teóricos adecuados y se verificó el grado de dependencia espacial. La resistencia a la penetración aumentó hasta la capa de 15-20 cm, donde alcanzó 11,133 MPa, disminuyendo hasta 8,401 MPa en la profundidad de 25-30 cm. La mayor resistencia a la penetración se encontró en los tratamientos A y B. Sin embargo, las capas más compactadas aparecieron a menor profundidad en A (10-20 cm), con respecto a B (15-30 cm), particularmente hacia las zonas donde no se aplicó fertilizante orgánico o no se fertilizó. La menor resistencia a la penetración se encontró en el tratamiento C.

RESUMO Resíduos gerados pela produção de cana-de-açúcar como o biochar, proveniente da queima do bagaço podem ser utilizados como fonte de fertilizante, podendo incrementar a produção de matéria seca de forrageira, bem como, dos atributos químicos do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a utilização de biochar da queima do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar e da adubação mineral e associação de ambos, na produtividade de matéria seca de Urochloa decumbens, e nos atributos químicos do solo. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, composto por oito tratamentos, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1- adubação mineral; T2- adubação com calcário + fertilizante mineral; T3- calagem; T4- biochar; T5- biochar + adubação mineral; T6- calagem + biochar; T7- duas vezes a dose com biochar e T8- controle. A associação de fertilizante mineral com biochar foi capaz de aumentar a produção de matéria seca em até 131% quando comparado ao tratamento controle no primeiro ano. O emprego de diferentes estratégias de fertilização na recuperação de área degradada sob uso de Urochloa decumbens, não interfere nos atributos químicos do solo, com exceção do elemento enxofre. canadeaçúcar cana açúcar forrageira solo ambos decumbens casualizados repetições foram T1 T T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 131 ano enxofre 13 1

ABSTRACT Residues generated in sugarcane production such as biochar, originated from bagasse burning, are used as a fertilizer source, which can increase forage dry matter yield, as well as improving soil chemical attributes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of using biochar from sugarcane bagasse burning and mineral fertilization, as well as their association, on the dry matter yield of Urochloa decumbens and on the chemical attributes of the soil. The design was randomized blocks, which consisted of eight treatments and four blocks. The treatments were: T1- mineral fertilization; T2- fertilization with limestone plus mineral fertilizer; T3- liming; T4- biochar; T5- biochar plus mineral fertilizer; T6- liming plus biochar; T7- double fertilization with biochar and T8- control. Association of mineral fertilizer and biochar was able to increase dry matter yield by up to 131% when compared to the control treatment during the first year. The use of fertilization strategies in the restoration of degraded area under U. decumbens does not interfere with soil chemical attributes, except for sulfur. source association blocks were T1 T T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 131 year U sulfur 13 1

RESUMO Introdução/enquadramento/objetivos: O uso deste equipamento é cada vez mais frequente em diversos setores profissionais e por períodos mais prolongados, quer dentro de um turno de trabalho, quer ao longo da vida. Assim, a interação destes com a saúde dos trabalhadores fica cada vez mais relevante, surgindo a necessidade de pesquisar o que se tem descrito sobre este tema. Esta revisão pretende resumir o que de mais pertinente se publicou, de forma que os profissionais das equipas de Saúde e Segurança tenham mais ferramentas para orientar o assunto e para que os próprios trabalhadores percebam melhor o que poderá estar em causa e estejam mais recetivos a medidas de proteção eventualmente propostas. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2023 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo: O choque acústico pode ser secundário a um ruido intenso e inesperado e a sua prevalência pode variar entre 13 a 22%; contudo, trata-se de um conceito complexo e controverso. Carateriza-se eventualmente por otalgia, zumbido, vertigem, sensação de queimadura próxima ao ouvido e ansiedade. Os choques acústicos podem causar trauma coclear. O uso de Headsets não parece causar mais fadiga que ruido com outras origens, desde que com a mesma intensidade. A maioria dos operadores de Call Center trabalha em espaço aberto, com colegas, o que potencia a exposição ao ruído. Quanto mais elevado este for, mais alto é colocado o som do equipamento, para conseguir ouvir a chamada. A suscetibilidade à perda de audição apresenta variabilidade individual e interação com algumas comorbidades (como tabagismo, hipertensão arterial, diabetes e dislipidemia); bem como sexo e idade. A maioria dos operadores de Call Center ouve bem; apesar de mencionarem dificuldade em perceber as palavras com o ruído ambiente e zumbido. Discussão e Conclusões: Ainda que seja bastante frequente estes trabalhadores referirem, durante as consultas de Medicina do Trabalho, queixas que associam ao ruido global (com destaque pelo produzido pelos Headsets); na realidade, a bibliografia sobre o tema é escassa e pouco robusta. Ainda assim, nela estão descritas algumas indicações muito sumárias para tentar minorar os danos e potenciar o bem-estar, satisfação e produtividade dos profissionais que usam este tipo de equipamento. Seria interessante investigar um pouco melhor o assunto, perceber melhor o panorama nacional e divulgar tal em publicações científicas.

ABSTRACT Introduction/framework/objectives: The use of this equipment is increasingly common in various professional sectors and for longer periods, whether within a work shift or throughout life. Thus, their interaction with workers' health becomes increasingly relevant, resulting in the need to research what has been described on this topic. This review aims to summarize the most relevant information published, so that professionals in the Health and Safety teams have more tools to guide the matter and so that the workers themselves better understand what could be at stake and are more receptive to protective measures that may be proposed. Methodology: This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through research carried out in april of 2023, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Content: Acoustic shock can be secondary to an intense and unexpected noise and its prevalence can vary between 13 and 22%; however, it is a complex and controversial concept. It is eventually characterized by otalgia, tinnitus, vertigo, a burning sensation near the ear and anxiety. Acoustic shocks can cause cochlear trauma. The use of Headsets does not seem to cause more fatigue than noise from other sources, as long as it is of the same intensity. Most Call Centers operators work in an open space, with colleagues, which increases exposure to noise. The higher this is, the higher the eqquipment is placed. Susceptibility to hearing loss presents individual variability and interaction with some comorbidities (such as smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes and dyslipidemia); as well as gender and age. Most of these operators listen well; even if they report difficulty in perceiving words with ambient noise and tinnitus. Discussion and Conclusions: Although it is quite common for Call Centers workers to mention, during Occupational Medicine consultations, complaints that they associate with overall noise (especially that produced by Headsets); in reality, the bibliography on the topic is scarce and not very robust. Even so, it describes some very brief instructions to try to minimize the damage and enhance the well-being, satisfaction and productivity of professionals who use this type of equipment. It would be interesting to investigate the subject a little better, better understand the national panorama and publicize this in scientific publications.

Resumen Este estudio investigó la distribución espacial y temporal de incendios forestales en Ecuador para el período 2001-2020. Se utilizaron imágenes satelitales MODIS (producto MCD64A1v 6.0) para analizar a escala nacional las áreas de quema. Esta información se combinó con mapas de regiones geográficas, áreas protegidas y tipos de cobertura vegetal para obtener estadísticas históricas del período estudiado. Los resultados muestran que a) hay una superficie total quemada acumulada de 7297.5 km2, i.e., el 2.9 % del territorio (el Litoral fue la región más afectada); (b) la mayor área de quema corresponde a tierras agropecuarias, con 440 772 ha; (c) a partir del 2010, se detectaron valores elevados de quema en las regiones Litoral y Andes, donde el 2016 es el año de mayor incidencia; y (d) en áreas protegidas se tiene el 4.9 % del total de áreas quemadas identificadas. Estos hallazgos proporcionan información que contribuye a la construcción de políticas públicas de manejo integral del fuego en el Ecuador.

Abstract This study investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of forest fires in Ecuador for the 2001-2020 period. MODIS satellite images (product MCD64A1v 6.0) were used to analyze burning areas on a national scale. This information was combined with maps of geographic regions, protected areas, and vegetation cover types in order to obtain historical statistics for the studied period. The results show that (a) there is a total cumulative burned area of is 7297.5 km2, i.e., 2.9% of the territory (Litoral was the most affected region);(b) the largest burning area corresponds to agricultural lands, with 440 772 ha; (c) from 2010 on, high burning values were detected in the Litoral and Andes regions, with 2016 being the year of highest incidence; and (d) 4.9% of the total burned areas identified are in protected areas. These findings provide information that contributes to the construction of comprehensive public policies for fire management in Ecuador.

RESUMEN Los incendios son una de las perturbaciones o disturbios más agresivos y repentinos que pueden afectar a los ecosistemas. Durante los primeros meses del año 2022 se propagaron una serie de incendios de gran magnitud en los esteros del Iberá, el cual es el mayor humedal de Argentina y el segundo de Sudamérica luego del Pantanal en Brasil, con consecuencias ambientales y sociales devastadoras. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en analizar los incendios ocurridos en la reserva y el Parque Nacional Iberá ubicada en la provincia de Corrientes a principios del año 2022 aplicando técnicas de teledetección a través de la plataforma de procesamientos de Google Earth Engine. En este trabajo se calculó las áreas totales afectadas analizándose la severidad de estas. Los resultados muestran que se ha quemado alrededor del 20 % de la reserva y cerca del 50 % del Parque Nacional Iberá con predominio de niveles de severidad entre moderada alta y alta. Las técnicas de teledetección son un insumo significativo en el monitoreo de incendios, lo que la vuelve una herramienta potente en la planificación de normativas o medidas que contribuyan con la mitigación, gestión y alerta temprana de incendios.

ABSTRACT Fires are one of the most aggressive and sudden disturbances that can affect ecosystems. During the first months of the year 2022, a series of fires of great magnitude spread in the Iberá streams, which is the largest wetland in Argentina and the second largest in South America after the Pantanal in Brazil, with devastating environmental and social consequences. The aim of this study is to analyze the fires that occurred in the Iberá Reserve and National Park located in the province of Corrientes at the beginning of the year 2022 using remote sensing techniques through the Google Earth Engine processing platform. In this study, the total affected areas were calculated and their severity was analyzed. The results indicate that approximately 20 % of the reserve and close to 50 % of the Iberá National Park have been burned, with a predominance of severity levels ranging from moderate high to high. Remote sensing techniques are a significant resource in fire monitoring, making it a powerful tool in planning regulations or measures aimed at contributing to the mitigation, management, and early warning of fires.