Resumen Los espacios urbanos responden a un modelo de sujeto hegemónico que es criticado por distintas corrientes que abogan por ciudades pensadas desde la diversidad humana. Sin embargo, esas objeciones suelen llevarse a cabo sin cuestionar que el primer rasgo de aquel sujeto es su pertenencia a la especie homo sapiens y que, en consecuencia, la cuestión tanto territorial como de la urbe se centra en él. Esto es problemático, ya que convivimos con individuos de diferentes grupos biológicos. A raíz de ello, mi objetivo es plantear la necesidad de un urbanismo crítico, interseccional y no antropocéntrico. Con ese fin, selecciono los cuestionamientos que recibe el modelo tradicional de habitante urbano por parte de las teorías de la discapacidad. Me detendré en el carácter capacitista del prototipo de referencia y las razones antropocéntricas que se emplean para su rechazo. Luego, argumentaré que esos motivos son especistas desde la perspectiva de la ética animal e interactúan con el capacitismo a la luz del enfoque animalista crip. Por último, daré paso al giro político para los derechos de los animales con la intención de exhibir sus implicancias en materia de urbanismo.

Abstract The concept and design of urban spaces following the standard of hegemonic individuals is criticized by alternative lines of thought which conceive cities on the basis of human diversity. Such objections, however, disregard the fact that those individuals, as a primary distinctive feature, belong to the homo sapiens species, which has implications since the conception of territory and urban space is centered around those individuals. At the outset, this last aspect appears to be dilemmatic as we live among individuals forming part of different biological groups. Due to this fact, the aim of this essay is to analyse the concept of critical urban planning that takes a more intersectional and non-anthropocentric approach. I accordingly support the theories on disability which raise objections to the traditional urban planning framework based on city dwellers. I shall therefore critically consider the capacity-model reference, stating the anthropocentric reasons to reject the traditional way of thinking. I shall base my arguments on the reasons underlying the traditional framework, being speciesist in nature from the point of view of animal ethics, which actively interact with the notion of ableism based on a crip animal approach. Finally, I shall consider the political changes supporting the latest reflections related to animal rights, with a view to depicting their implications in the context of urban planning.

ABSTRACT: Organic agriculture comprises farming practices that discard synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. Tomato production demands huge amounts of fertilizers and pesticides. Improving efficiency of the inputs allowed for organic tomato production is a challenge to upgrade yields. Thereby, we studied the effects of the inoculation of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus clarus, supplying rock thermophosphate and bioactivator, alone or associated, on tomato development and yield. The experiment was achieved in a greenhouse using undetermined tomato cv. BRS-Nagai sown in polystyrene trays and afterwards transplanted to pots. Treatments included R. clarus; thermophosphate (TH) (130 g/pot); bioactivator (PenergeticK® + Penergetic®) (BI); R. clarus + TH; R. clarus + BI; R. clarus + TH+ BI and TH + BI and control (CO). From the flowering onset, plant height, height of insertion of first truss, trusses space, length, and also the diameter and fresh weight of ripe fruits of the three first trusses were assessed. AMF colonization in the roots and macronutrients in leaves and petioles were also measured. Trusses spacing variable was affected by mycorrhiza and thermophosphate. R. clarus inoculation incremented 10 and 31.85% of fresh mass of ripe fruits and mass of ripe fruits per plant, respectively. Soluble solids contents in fruits and N, P and K in the leaves and petioles were similar among treatments. AMF colonization decreased on thermophosphate fertilized plants and increased in bioactivator treatment. Results showed that root inoculation with R. clarus promoted better plant development and yield and may be used as biological inoculant mostly on organic tomato production. ABSTRACT yields Thereby (AMF associated cv BRSNagai BRS Nagai pots R (TH 130 (13 g/pot gpot g pot g/pot) PenergeticK® PenergeticK (PenergeticK Penergetic® Penergetic (BI) CO. CO . (CO) onset truss space length assessed measured 1 3185 31 85 31.85 respectively N treatments treatment 13 (1 (BI (CO 318 3 8 31.8 ( 31.

RESUMO: A agricultura orgânica preconiza práticas culturais que dispensam o uso de pesticidas e fertilizantes sintéticos. A tomaticultura convencional, por sua vez, demanda grandes quantidades de agroquímicos. Neste contexto, aumentar a eficiência de insumos permitidos em agricultura orgânica consiste em um desafio para a manutenção de altas produtividades. Este estudo objetivou investigar os efeitos, isoladamente e de interação, da inoculação de fungo micorrízico arbuscular (FMA) Rhizophagus clarus e da aplicação de termofosfato e de bioativador no desenvolvimento e na produtividade de tomateiros. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação com a cultivar BRS-Nagai, genótipo de hábito indeterminado do grupo saladete, semeado em bandejas de poliestireno e posteriormente transplantado para vasos. Os tratamentos contemplaram R. clarus; termofosfato (TH) (130g/vaso); bioativador (Penergetic K® + Penergetic®) (BI); R. clarus + TH; R. clarus + BI; R. clarus + TH+ BI; TH + BI e controle (CO). A partir do início do florescimento, foram mensuradas altura de plantas, altura do primeiro cacho, distância entre cachos e largura, comprimento e massa fresca de frutos maduros dos três primeiros cachos. Foram determinadas também a colonização micorrízica e os teores de macronutrientes em folhas e pecíolos. A distância entre cachos foi influenciada pela inoculação micorrízica e pela aplicação de termofosfato. R. clarus aumentou em 10% e 31.85% a massa fresca de frutos maduros e a massa fresca de frutos por planta respectivamente. Os teores de sólidos solúveis em frutos e de N, P e K em folhas e pecíolos foram similares para os tratamentos. A colonização micorrizica foi menor em plantas que receberam termofosfato e maior na presença do bioativador. Os resultados demonstraram melhor desenvolvimento e maior produtividade em plantas inoculadas com FMA, sugerindo que R. clarus apresenta-se como um potencial inoculante biológico para tomateiros, principalmente em cultivos orgânicos. RESUMO sintéticos convencional vez agroquímicos contexto produtividades efeitos interação FMA (FMA tomateiros BRSNagai, BRSNagai BRS Nagai, Nagai BRS-Nagai saladete vasos R (TH 130g/vaso 130gvaso gvaso 130g vaso g (130g/vaso) Penergetic Penergetic® (BI) CO. CO . (CO) florescimento cacho largura 10 3185 31 85 31.85 respectivamente N apresentase apresenta se orgânicos (130g/vaso (BI (CO 1 318 3 8 31.8 31.

Abstract The distribution of amphibians is conditioned by historical factors and ecological drivers. Thus, Ecological Niche Models are important tools to provide information on the potential distribution of the species and determine where they will be requirements in future. Mainly, rare species or with restricted areas of occurrence, because this information are essential to understanding of their living area, microhabitat use, or natural history, serving as a basis for preservation actions. Xenohyla eugenioi is a poorly known species, restricted to transition areas of Caatinga and Atlantic Forest from Minas Gerais to Sergipe. This species exhibits little biological information available and few specimens housed in museums, which difficulty to plan conservation strategies. Here our aim was modeling the current and future distribution and discussing about conservation of Xenohyla eugenioi. We searched for occurrence records through literature and scientific collections data. For the future (2071-2100), we used ensemble models from three algorithms (CTA, GLM and ANN) to two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP370 and SSP585 scenarios). This species has approximately 650 km in straight line between the extreme localities, occurring mainly in bromeliads near to water bodies. The Ensemble method indicates the most suitable areas of occurrence were over ecotonal range between Caatinga and Atlantic Forest and our projections have showed suitable conditions to highlands (up to 1.000 m). However, in the future, is expected total erosion of the X. eugenioi populations, due climatic changes, which reinforce the caution to conservation of this poorly known species and necessity of studies about its ecology, natural history and distribution. Moreover, we hope that this work can contribute to the discovery of new records, characterizing the narrower niche space than this species may actually inhabit. drivers Thus Mainly area use actions Sergipe museums strategies data 20712100, 20712100 2071 2100 , (2071-2100) CTA, CTA (CTA ANN SSP370 SSP (SSP37 SSP58 scenarios. scenarios . scenarios) 65 localities bodies up 1000 1 000 1.00 m. m m) However X populations changes ecology Moreover inhabit 2071210 207 210 (2071-2100 SSP37 (SSP3 SSP5 6 100 00 1.0 207121 20 21 (2071-210 SSP3 (SSP 10 0 1. 20712 2 (2071-21 (2071-2 (2071- (2071 (207 (20 (2 (

Abstract In this research, we utilized multivariate analysis to evaluate the efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from synthetic aquaculture water using the electrocoagulation process. The elimination of nitrogen and phosphorus is a critical issue in various wastewater treatment plants and aquaculture systems, especially in instances of intensive or super-intensive cultivation. To avert the buildup of pollutants in the water, be it within internal recirculation systems or bodies of water receiving effluents from rearing tanks, it is imperative to employ treatment methodologies designed to effectively eliminate nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. These nutrients have the potential to induce eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems. However, conventional biological treatment technologies can be ineffective, as they often only remove one pollutant or the other. Furthermore, the individual operations for these systems are complex and require substantial space. Electrocoagulation is a compact and promising technology for treating aquaculture water and effluents for raw nutrient removal. In this context, our findings showcase the simultaneous removal of both nitrogen and phosphorus through the electrocoagulation method. The best treatment was verified for the highest electrical current density (74 A. m-2), the shortest distance between electrodes (4 cm), and the lowest electrolysis time (50 min). In these conditions, the efficiency removal in ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus were 30.5% and 100% respectively. research process superintensive super cultivation tanks ecosystems However ineffective other Furthermore space context method 74 (7 A m2, m2 m 2 , m-2) 4 ( cm, cm cm) 50 (5 min. min . min) conditions 305 30 5 30.5 100 respectively 7 m-2 3 30. 10 m- 1

Resumo Neste estudo, empregamos a análise multivariada para avaliar a eficiência da remoção de nitrogênio e fósforo da água sintética de aquicultura por meio do processo de eletrocoagulação. A preocupação com a remoção desses elementos é crucial na aquicultura, independentemente do sistema de cultivo ser extensivo, intensivo ou superintensivo, uma vez que esses nutrientes podem propiciar o crescimento excessivo de algas e o desenvolvimento de microrganismos que degradam a matéria orgânica, resultando em eutrofização. Esse fenômeno, por sua vez, aumenta a demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, modifica o pH, libera toxinas e, potencialmente, causa a morte de peixes. As abordagens convencionais de tratamento biológico, muitas vezes, revelam-se ineficazes, focando apenas na remoção de um tipo específico de poluente. Além disso, esses sistemas demandam operações individuais complexas e ocupam considerável espaço. Por outro lado, a eletrocoagulação se destaca como uma tecnologia compacta e promissora para o tratamento de água na aquicultura, visando a remoção eficaz de nutrientes brutos. Os resultados obtidos indicam uma notável remoção simultânea de nitrogênio e fósforo por meio da eletrocoagulação. O tratamento mais eficaz foi observado com a maior densidade de corrente elétrica (74 A.m-2), a menor distância entre os eletrodos (4 cm) e o menor tempo de eletrólise (50 min). Nessas condições, as eficiências na remoção de nitrogênio amoniacal e fósforo total alcançaram respectivamente 30,5% e 100%. estudo extensivo superintensivo orgânica eutrofização fenômeno oxigênio pH potencialmente peixes biológico vezes revelamse revelam ineficazes poluente disso espaço lado brutos 74 (7 A.m2, Am2 Am A.m 2 , m A.m-2) 4 ( cm 50 (5 min. min . min) condições 305 30 5 30,5 100 100% 7 m2 A.m2 A.m-2 3 30, 10 A.m- 1

Resumo: A performance artística Untitled (Senior Thesis) (2008) da artista Aliza Shvarts, que consistia na gravação de atos de autoinseminação e autoindução de abortos, foi declarada uma “ficção” pela Universidade de Yale e censurada para exibição pública. A partir do conceito de performatividade de género desenvolvido por Judith Butler, argumento que esta performance fornece consideráveis reflexões não apenas sobre a manutenção biológica e social do trabalho reprodutivo, como também sobre a arte feminista como espaço para imaginar um futuro no qual as mulheres não são o ‘objeto’ de reprodução e sim as ‘autoras’ do seu próprio mapeamento.

Abstract: The artistic performance Untitled (Senior Thesis) (2008) by artist Aliza Shvarts, which consisted of recording acts of self-insemination and self-induced abortions, was declared a “fiction” by Yale University and censored for public exhibition. From the concept of gender performativity developed by Judith Butler, I argue that this performance provides considerable reflections not only on the biological and social maintenance of reproductive labour, but also on feminist art as a space to imagine a future in which women are not the ‘object’ of reproduction but the ‘authors’ of their own mapping.

Maldonado Bay is situated on the northeastern shore of the River Plate estuary. Some hydrological and biological characteristics of the area were investigated during a complete year. The survey encompassed the characterization and circulation of main water masses in the bay, water quality, zooplankton composition and dynamics, and settlement and growth of the mussel Mytilus. The sample strategy was designed to cope with the high spatial and temporal variability of the estuary.

Resumen Los futuros-presente de ser humano posibilitados por las tecnologías digitales, de la Inteligencia Artificial, la edición genética y las tecnologías astronómicas y de exploración espacial tensionan la condición humana en lo relativo a la corporalidad y la psique, los presupuestos evolutivos, biológicos y ecológicos, así como las coordenadas sociales, políticas y cosmológicas. Nuestro trabajo tiene como propósito explorar las circunstancias de la emergencia y despliegue de un “nuevo juego” entre tecnología, ciencia, economía y política, las cualidades particulares de las tecnologías de futuro para articular procesos de invención, innovación y promesa, así como reconocer los límites o umbrales en disputa, tales como los relacionados con el ser humano y la especie, las realidades virtuales, las dramatizaciones científicas y la tecnopolítica. El objetivo final es presentar, de manera pre-visoria, algunas de las potenciales transformaciones, impactos y modelaciones de las realidades antroposintéticas en lo político y lo social. Para las ciencias sociales contemporáneas, la existencia de tiempos fraccionados, en correspondencia con la pluralidad y asimetrías de las comunidades políticas y sociales, implica el desafío de investigar, experimentar y comprender las expectativas, tensiones, apuestas y juegos entorno a los ensambles de las fronteras tecnológicas y las orientaciones de futuros.

Abstract The futures-present of be human, as made possible by digital technologies, artificial intelligence, gene editing and astronomic and space exploration technologies, put a strain on the human condition at both a physical and at a psychological level, as well as in connection with evolutionary, biological and ecological assumptions and with the social, political and cosmological coordinates. Our work sets out to explore the circumstances of the emergency and the deployment of a new game between technology, science, economy and politics, the specific qualities of future technologies to articulate the processes of invention, innovation and promise, as well as to reconnoiter the limits or thresholds in dispute, such as those connected with the human being and species, virtual realities, scientific dramatizations and technopolitics. The final goal is to articulate a foresight, in a pre-vision way, of some of the potential transformations, impacts and modelings of anthropo-synthetic realities in the political and social realms. For contemporary social sciences, the existence of fractioned timeframes, in correspondence with the plurality and asymmetries of political and social communities, implies a challenge to investigate, experiment and understand the expectations, tensions, bets and interactions that revolve around the realms of the technological frontiers and the orientation of futures.

Resúmen Introducción/Planteamiento: Desde la biomedicina el embarazo ha sido señalado como una condición que potencia el riesgo para contraer el virus SARS-CoV-2 y desarrollar formas graves de Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19). No obstante, poco se ha abordado la percepción del riesgo de esta enfermedad durante este estado de la vida. Pregunta de investigación/Objetivo: analizar desde la antropología y la sociología la percepción del riesgo de COVID-19 en mujeres indígenas en situación de embarazo. Metodología: Se realizó un acercamiento de tipo cualitativo-etnográfico en una comunidad indígena nahua del centro norte de México, en el que se entrevistó a diez mujeres indígenas que vivieron la experiencia de un embarazo durante la segunda y tercera ola de la pandemia. Las entrevistas transcritas se sometieron al análisis desde la Teoría Fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin y se trianguló con los registros de observación registrados en el diario de campo. Resultados: Se identificó que la percepción del riesgo se complejiza en función de los imaginarios sociales que se tienen sobre reproducción y género; que contribuye principalmente a una construcción de vulnerabilidad biológica, que se sostiene en cuatro ejes: la romantización/exigencia de la reproducción, el estigma construido sobre adultos mayores en torno a la enfermedad, el alejamiento real y simbólico de los servicios de salud, y la (in) visibilidad de los riesgos que derivan de las demandas de género dentro del espacio doméstico. Consideraciones finales: Resulta urgente transversalizar la perspectiva interseccional en las políticas y estrategias sanitarias para la contención del riesgo; en la comunicación y gestión del riesgo las desigualdades asociadas a la etnia y el género son condiciones que deben tenerse en cuenta.

Abstract Framework: The pregnancy has recognized as a condition that increases susceptibility to becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 and developing COVID 19 in its most severe form, however little has been studied about the perception of risk regarding the disease in pregnant women. Research question/Goals: to analyze, from the perspective of anthropology and sociology of risk, the perception of the risk of COVID-19 during pregnancy in indigenous women. A qualitative-ethnographic study was carried out in a Nahua indigenous community in north-central Mexico, in which ten women who lived through the experience of a pregnancy during the second and third wave of the pandemic were interviewed. The transcribed interviews were subjected to analysis from the Grounded Theory of Strauss and Corbin and triangulated with the observation records recorded in the field diary. Results: It was identified that the perception of risk becomes more complex depending on the social imaginaries that people have regarding reproduction and gender, which mainly contributes a construction of biological vulnerability, which is based on four axes: romanticization/demand of reproduction, the stigma built on the elderly around the disease, the real and symbolic distance from health services, and the invisibility of the risks that derive from gender demands within the domestic space. Final considerations: It is urgent to maintream intersectional perspective in health policies and strategies for risk containment, inequalities associated with ethnicity and gender are conditions that must be taken into account in risk communication.

Resumen El presente caso clínico se enfoca en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de erupción forzada en un paciente con trauma dental. Objetivo: Proponer una alternativa de tratamiento multidisciplinario el cual permita incrementar estructura dentaria a través de la extrusión forzada y posteriormente rehabilitarlo en función y estética. Métodos: Se describe el caso de un paciente adulto de 78 años de sexo masculino, sano y sin antecedentes patológicos, acude a la clínica de la Especialidad de Ortodoncia y Ortopedia Dentomaxilo facial, referido por un especialista en Endodoncia, debido a fractura corono-radicular de canino superior derecho, pilar de puente fijo de tres unidades En la exploración intraoral presenta fractura cervical de la corona del canino superior derecho. Como primer paso, se realizó tratamiento endodóntico en la pieza dentaria y colocación de un aditamento intraconducto de soporte (endoposte vaciado), con el objeto de mejorar la tracción ortodóntica. Este aditamento consistió en un poste colado con perforaciones. Se procede a colocar aparatología fija en la arcada superior con técnica MBT (slot 0.022), del molar derecho hasta el canino izquierdo de cementado indirecto y pasivo (con los slots de los brackets alineados). Inmediatamente después, se colocó un arco rectangular 0.019 x 0.025 de acero inoxidable con un doblez de extrusión a nivel del canino superior derecho. En el mismo doblez, se adaptó un loop tipo helix que funcionó como apoyo para colocar la ligadura pasiva (lace back). Resultados : El tratamiento realizado en este paciente es satisfactorio, coadyuvando en su estado de salud general mejorando su autoestima. Conclusión: Aquí se aprovecharon todas las ventajas que ofrece la extrusión ortodóntica forzada, incluso en un paciente adulto mayor, logrando una tracción de cuatro milímetros, que se consiguió gracias al empleo de fuerzas extrusivas ligeras y controladas sobre el órgano dentario afectado. Con la modalidad de tratamiento descrita se puede lograr un alargamiento de corona sin la necesidad de realizar una resección ósea, lo que permite una correcta rehabilitación protésica, devolviendo la función y estética al diente lesionado y brindando un beneficio integral al paciente.

Abstract The case of an adult patient with a complicated Crown fracture of the right upper canine due to trauma is reported, diagnosing a class VII Ellis coronal fracture. There are several treatment alternatives that range from the extraction, placement of a bone graft and placement of an implant, to a forced root extrusión with bone removal to allow the biological space and subsequently be restored. In the present case, a multidisciplinary orthodontic forced extrusion treatment is performed, which allows to increase the amount of clinical remnant, preserving the periodontal support and maintaining the biologic thickness, thus achieving to maintain the root remnant with good length so that prosthetic rehabilitation is facilitated. The clinical and radiographic follow-up was 12 months. The multidisciplinary treatment involved: Root canal treatment, forced extrusion with orthodontics, fibrotomy with root planing and fixed prosthesis.

Resumen: Introducción: el síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser es una anomalía congénita caracterizada por agenesia vaginal, desarrollo uterino variable y ovarios funcionales. Existen técnicas de reconstrucción vaginal, que tienen la finalidad de crear un espacio que permita la penetración. Caso clínico: paciente femenino de 18 años de edad, con amenorrea primaria y agenesia vaginal, que desea iniciar su vida sexual activa. Se realiza neovagina con técnica de McIndoe utilizando un injerto biológico de origen porcino. Conclusión: las plastias vaginales con xenoinjertos que disminuyen la morbilidad asociada a injertos autólogos.

Abstract: Introduction: the Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by vaginal agenesia, variable uterine development, and functional ovaries. There have been described conservative and surgical techniques to create a space that allows penetration. Case report: a 18-year-old woman with primary amenorrhea and vaginal agenesis that desires to initiate an active sexual life. We create a neovagina with McIndoe’s technique using a biological porcine graft. Conclusion: the vaginoplasties with xenografts decrease the morbidity associated with autologous grafts.

RESUMEN En este texto recurro a las ciencias biológicas y, en particular, a las técnicas de colecta de especímenes para ilustrar a través de estas prácticas de qué manera se produce igualmente un animal en el espacio del juzgado. En esta exploración utilizo el caso del oso "Chucho" que llegó a la Corte Constitucional de Colombia en 2017, para reflexionar sobre cómo se es animal ante el juez y las condiciones en las que este oso puede o no "hablar". Para este análisis utilizo la decisión de la Corte, las observaciones durante la audiencia pública convocada en 2019 en la que participaron diferentes expertos, así como el cubrimiento dado en medios al caso. En mi discusión planteo la importancia de prestar atención a las formas como se producen los sujetos, y cómo las maneras en que lo hacemos actualmente nos alejan de la pretensión orientada hacia una justicia multiespecie.

ABSTRACT In this text I turn to the biological sciences and, in particular, to the techniques of specimen collection to illustrate through these practices how an animal is produced in the space of the courtroom. In this exploration I use the case of the bear "Chucho" that reached the Colombian Constitutional Court in 2017, to reflect on how one is an animal before the judge and the conditions under which this bear may or may not "speak". For this analysis I use the Court's decision, the observations during the public hearing convened in 2019 where different experts participated, as well as the media coverage given to the case. In my discussion I raise the importance of paying attention to the ways in which subjects are produced, and how the ways in which we currently do so distances us from a claim towards a multispecies justice.

Resumen La Pachamama representa una de las creencias indígenas con mayor vigencia en el mundo andino contemporáneo, sostenida sobre la imagen de una entidad tutelar que garantiza la reproducción biológica y social. En este trabajo, nos proponemos problematizar los elementos centrales que subyacen a la creencia y los procesos rituales vinculados con ella en distintas localidades del departamento de Cachi, a través de una metodología etnográfica. Pondremos el acento en la diversidad de manifestaciones o performances, sus aspectos simbólicos y materiales, por un lado, y la forma en que esas prácticas son interpeladas por los intereses y actores que emergen en el contexto actual, por otro. Las observaciones realizadas señalan que el turismo es un condicionante importante en la configuración de los rituales, junto con otros actores que emergen en la escena moderna. En virtud de ello, se distingue entre rituales del espacio público, abiertos a las demandas del mercado, y privado, sostenidos sobre la identidad y las memorias locales.

Resumo A Pachamama representa uma das crenças indígenas mais válidas do mundo andino contemporâneo, baseada na imagem de uma entidade tutelar que garante a reprodução biológica e social. Neste documento propomos problematizar os elementos centrais que estão na base da crença e dos processos rituais a ela ligados em diferentes localidades do departamento de Cachi, através de uma metodologia etnográfica. Centrar-nos-emos na diversidade de manifestações ou actuações, nos seus aspectos simbólicos e materiais, por um lado, e na forma como estas práticas são desafiadas pelos interesses e actores que emergem no contexto actual, por outro. As observações feitas indicam que o turismo é um importante factor de condicionamento na configuração dos rituais, juntamente com outros actores que surgem na cena moderna. Em virtude disto, é feita uma distinção entre rituais públicos, abertos às exigências do mercado, e rituais privados, baseados na identidade e memórias locais.

Abstract The Pachamama represents one of the most valid indigenous beliefs in the contemporary Andean world, based on the image of a tutelary entity that guarantees biological and social reproduction. In this paper we propose to problematize the central elements that underlie the belief and the ritual processes linked to it in different localities of the department of Cachi, through an ethnographic methodology. We will focus on the diversity of manifestations or performances, their symbolic and material aspects, on the one hand, and the way in which these practices are challenged by the interests and actors that emerge in the current context, on the other. The observations made indicate that tourism is an important conditioning factor in the configuration of rituals, together with other actors that emerge in the modern scene. By virtue of this, a distinction is made between public space rituals, open to the demands of the market, and private rituals, sustained on local identity and memories.

Abstract Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) is a computer-aided technology in the field of medicinal chemistry that seeks to clarify the relationships between molecular structures and their biological activities. Such technologies allow for the acceleration of the development of new compounds by reducing the costs of drug design. This work presents 3D-QSARpy, a flexible, user-friendly and robust tool, freely available without registration, to support the generation of QSAR 3D models in an automated way. The user only needs to provide aligned molecular structures and the respective dependent variable. The current version was developed using Python with packages such as scikit-learn and includes various techniques of machine learning for regression. The diverse techniques employed by the tool is a differential compared to known methodologies, such as CoMFA and CoMSIA, because it expands the search space of possible solutions, and in this way increases the chances of obtaining relevant models. Additionally, approaches for select variables (dimension reduction) were implemented in the tool. To evaluate its potentials, experiments were carried out to compare results obtained from the proposed 3D-QSARpy tool with the results from already published works. The results demonstrated that 3D-QSARpy is extremely useful in the field due to its expressive results. StructureActivity Structure Activity (QSAR computeraided computer aided activities design 3DQSARpy, 3DQSARpy DQSARpy QSARpy, QSARpy D flexible userfriendly friendly registration variable scikitlearn scikit learn regression methodologies CoMSIA solutions Additionally dimension reduction potentials works

ABSTRACT Management of agricultural production systems interferes with greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, thereby altering physical, chemical, and biological attributes of soil; therefore, it is important to understand the relationship between soil attributes and GHG emissions. This study evaluated GHG emissions and their relationship with soil attributes in off-season soybean, maize, brachiaria and eucalyptus production systems. The experiment was carried out in Brejo, Maranhão, Brazil, with soybean ( Glycine max ), maize ( Zea mays ), brachiaria ( Urochloa ruzizienses ), and eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus grandis ). Fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) were evaluated using air samples analyzed by gas chromatography. Soil attributes were ammonium and nitrate contents, total organic carbon, moisture, pH, density, total porosity, and water-filled pore space. N2O flux was 287.1 µg m-2 h -1 for eucalyptus cultivation, while areas cultivated with soybeans, maize and brachiaria had influxes of 46.7, 7.2, and 13.17 µg m-2 h-1, respectively. In the off-season, the highest emissions of N2O and CO2 were measured in eucalyptus areas due to soil moisture and porosity conditions provided by accumulation of litter on the soil surface. (GHG physical chemical therefore offseason off season Brejo Maranhão Brazil , ) . CO2, CO (CO2) CH4, CH4 CH (CH4) NO N O (N2O chromatography contents pH density waterfilled water filled space 2871 287 1 287. m2 m 2 m- - cultivation soybeans 467 46 7 46.7 72 7.2 1317 13 17 13.1 h1, h1 1, h-1 respectively offseason, season, surface (CO2 (CH4 28 4 46. 7. 131 13. h- (CO (CH

Los desastres afectan profundamente la salud de la población y la economía de un país. La carga sanitaria de los desastres en Brasil está subestimada, y se necesitan más estudios para elaborar políticas y acciones para reducir el riesgo de desastres. Este estudio analiza y describe los desastres ocurridos en Brasil entre 2013 y 2021. Del Sistema Integrado de Información de Desastres (S2iD) se recogió datos demográficos, datos de desastres, según la Clasificación y Codificación Brasileña de Desastres (COBRADE), y datos de resultados de salud (muertos, heridos, enfermos, personas sin hogar, desplazados, desaparecidos y otros afectados). La preparación y análisis de los datos se realizó en Tableau. El estudio muestra que ocurrieron el 98,62% (50.481) de los desastres registrados en Brasil entre 2013 y 2021 fueron naturales, con un aumento significativo en 2020 y 2021 a causa de la pandemia del COVID-19, considerada un desastre biológico. Este grupo de desastre también causó el mayor número de muertos (321.111), así como el mayor número de heridos (208.720) y enfermos (7.041.099). Al analizar los datos de cada región del país, se constataron diferencias en cuanto a la frecuencia y los resultados en salud de los desastres. Mientras los desastres climatológicos son los más frecuentes en el país (23.452 eventos) y ocurren principalmente en la región Nordeste, los desastres geológicos frecuentes en el Sudeste son los más letales. En el Sur y Sudeste del país, los desastres más comunes son los meteorológicos e hidrológicos. Este estudio muestra que los mayores resultados en salud se asocian con los desastres previstos en tiempo y espacio, y que los impactos pueden reducirse con las políticas públicas de prevención y gestión de desastres. subestimada 201 S2iD SiD S iD (S2iD demográficos COBRADE, COBRADE , (COBRADE) muertos, (muertos hogar desplazados afectados. afectados . afectados) Tableau 9862 98 62 98,62 50.481 50481 50 481 (50.481 202 naturales COVID19, COVID19 COVID 19, 19 COVID-19 biológico 321.111, 321111 321.111 321 111 (321.111) 208.720 208720 208 720 (208.720 7.041.099. 7041099 7.041.099 7 041 099 (7.041.099) 23.452 23452 23 452 (23.45 eventos Nordeste letales hidrológicos espacio 20 (COBRADE 986 9 6 98,6 50.48 5048 5 48 (50.48 COVID1 1 COVID-1 32111 321.11 32 11 (321.111 208.72 20872 72 (208.72 704109 7.041.09 04 09 (7.041.099 23.45 2345 2 45 (23.4 98, 50.4 504 4 (50.4 COVID- 3211 321.1 3 (321.11 208.7 2087 (208.7 70410 7.041.0 0 (7.041.09 23.4 234 (23. 50. (50. 321. (321.1 208. (208. 7041 7.041. (7.041.0 23. (23 (50 (321. (208 704 7.041 (7.041. (2 (5 (321 (20 70 7.04 (7.041 ( (32 7.0 (7.04 (3 7. (7.0 (7. (7

Disasters deeply impact the health of the affected population and the economy of a country. The health burden of disasters in Brazil is underestimated and more studies are needed to underpin policies and actions for disaster risk reduction. This study analyzes and describes disasters that occurred in Brazil from 2013 to 2021. The Integrated Disaster Information System (S2iD) was accessed to obtain demographic data, disaster data according to Brazilian Classification and Codification of Disasters (COBRADE), and health outcome data (number of dead, injured, sick, unsheltered, displaced, and missing individuals and other outcomes). Database preparation and analysis were performed in Tableau. In total, 98.62% (50,481) of the disasters registered in Brazil from 2013 to 2021 are natural, with a significant increase in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a biological disaster. This disaster group also caused the highest number of deaths (321,111), as well as injured (208,720) and sick (7,041,099) people. By analyzing data for each geographic region, we observed differences regarding disasters frequency and their health outcomes. In Brazil, climatological disasters are the most frequent (23,452 events) and occur mainly in the Northeast region. Geological disasters have the highest lethality, which are more common in the Southeast; however, the most common disasters in the South and Southeast are those of the meteorological and hydrological groups. Therefore, since the greatest health outcomes are associated with disasters predicted in time and space, public policies for the prevention and management of disasters can reduce the impacts of these events. country reduction 201 S2iD SiD S iD (S2iD COBRADE, COBRADE , (COBRADE) dead unsheltered displaced . outcomes) Tableau total 9862 98 62 98.62 50,481 50481 50 481 (50,481 202 natural COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic 321,111, 321111 321,111 321 111 (321,111) 208,720 208720 208 720 (208,720 7,041,099 7041099 7 041 099 (7,041,099 people region 23,452 23452 23 452 (23,45 events lethality however groups Therefore space 20 (COBRADE 986 9 6 98.6 50,48 5048 5 48 (50,48 COVID1 1 COVID- 32111 321,11 32 11 (321,111 208,72 20872 72 (208,72 7,041,09 704109 04 09 (7,041,09 23,45 2345 2 45 (23,4 98. 50,4 504 4 (50,4 3211 321,1 3 (321,11 208,7 2087 (208,7 7,041,0 70410 0 (7,041,0 23,4 234 (23, 50, (50, 321, (321,1 208, (208, 7,041, 7041 (7,041, 23, (23 (50 (321, (208 7,041 704 (7,041 (2 (5 (321 (20 7,04 70 (7,04 ( (32 7,0 (7,0 (3 7, (7, (7

Desastres afetam profundamente a saúde da população afetada e a economia de um país. A carga de saúde dos desastres no Brasil é subestimada e mais estudos são necessários para fundamentar políticas e ações para a redução do risco de desastres. Este estudo analisa e descreve desastres ocorridos no Brasil entre 2013 e 2021. O Sistema Integrado de Informações sobre Desastres (S2iD) foi acessado para obtenção de dados demográficos, dados de desastres, de acordo com a Classificação e Codificação Brasileira de Desastres (COBRADE), e dados de resultados de saúde (mortos, feridos, doentes, desabrigados, deslocados, desaparecidos e outros afetados). A preparação e a análise do banco de dados foram realizadas no Tableau. O estudo mostra que 98,62% (50.481) dos desastres registrados no Brasil entre 2013 e 2021 foram naturais, com um aumento significativo em 2020 e 2021 por causa da pandemia de COVID-19, que é um desastre biológico. Este grupo de desastres também causou o maior número de mortes (321.111), bem como de feridos (208.720) e doentes (7.041.099). Ao analisar os dados para cada região geográfica, observaram-se diferenças em relação à frequência e aos resultados de saúde dos desastres. Por exemplo, enquanto os desastres climatológicos são os mais frequentes no país (23.452 eventos) e ocorrem principalmente na Região Nordeste, a maior letalidade é observada para desastres geológicos, que são mais comuns no Sudeste. No Sul e Sudeste, os desastres mais comuns são meteorológicos e hidrológicos. Este estudo mostra que os maiores resultados de saúde estão associados a desastres previstos no tempo e no espaço e, portanto, os impactos podem ser reduzidos com políticas públicas de prevenção e gestão de desastres. 201 S2iD SiD S iD (S2iD demográficos COBRADE, COBRADE , (COBRADE) mortos, mortos (mortos desabrigados deslocados afetados. afetados . afetados) Tableau 9862 98 62 98,62 50.481 50481 50 481 (50.481 202 naturais COVID19, COVID19 COVID 19, 19 COVID-19 biológico 321.111, 321111 321.111 321 111 (321.111) 208.720 208720 208 720 (208.720 7.041.099. 7041099 7.041.099 7 041 099 (7.041.099) geográfica observaramse observaram se exemplo 23.452 23452 23 452 (23.45 eventos Nordeste geológicos Sudeste hidrológicos portanto 20 (COBRADE 986 9 6 98,6 50.48 5048 5 48 (50.48 COVID1 1 COVID-1 32111 321.11 32 11 (321.111 208.72 20872 72 (208.72 704109 7.041.09 04 09 (7.041.099 23.45 2345 2 45 (23.4 98, 50.4 504 4 (50.4 COVID- 3211 321.1 3 (321.11 208.7 2087 (208.7 70410 7.041.0 0 (7.041.09 23.4 234 (23. 50. (50. 321. (321.1 208. (208. 7041 7.041. (7.041.0 23. (23 (50 (321. (208 704 7.041 (7.041. (2 (5 (321 (20 70 7.04 (7.041 ( (32 7.0 (7.04 (3 7. (7.0 (7. (7