ABSTRACT Due to the importance of grain production, and the need to work the soil under limited moisture, the aim of this study was to develop computer software to predict the tractive capacity of wheeled tractors for two types of tyre, the effect of different inflation pressures and levels of soil moisture. A mathematical model was developed to predict the tractive capacity of a 4 x 2 AFT tractor. Software was developed and tested by comparing the computational data with those from tests of a working tractor in the field. The parameters under evaluation were drawbar force and front and rear drive wheel slip. At both moisture levels, the bias tyres had the lowest front to rear slip ratio at the lower pressure; the ratios were similar when equipped with radial tyres. The bias tyres show maximum force at a slip ratio of 1.09 at the higher pressure and 1.03 at the lower, while for the radial tyres the ratio was 1.05 at the higher pressure and 1.07 at the lower. Software was developed to process data from the model, with the results used for estimating the tractive force of the tractor. The tractive force was overestimated by the model, which needs further adjustment for direct application in the field. production tyre field 109 1 09 1.0 103 03 105 05 107 07 10 0 1.

This study offers a comprehensive analysis of how governance capacities in developing countries respond to the challenges that COVID-19 posed. We established a theoretical framework to delve into the multifaceted nature of governance capacities, exploring two distinct aspects of governance: the Weberian one, which focuses on material and organizational capacities, and the Tocquevillian one, which focuses on coordination and associational capacities. We examined these four governance dimensions to illustrate how these distinct skills influence the effectiveness of governance. Our analysis quantifies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using such metrics as confirmed cases and deaths. We employ standard and dynamic panel data methodologies to mitigate potential omitted variable bias. Our research findings indicate that countries with robust governance capacities, as assessed by the Bertelsmann Stiftung's Transformation Governance Index, are better equipped to respond effectively to pandemic crises. By applying several models and rigorous robustness tests, we demonstrate efficient resource utilization, the ability to guide and prioritize decision-making within the government, and commitment to cooperation and coordination with other nations and international organizations are the primary drivers of improved outcomes. Our findings remain robust even when controlling for relevant variables and employing estimation techniques that account for potential biases arising from unobservable confounding factors. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 posed one deaths bias Stiftungs Stiftung s Index crises tests utilization decisionmaking decision making government outcomes factors COVID1 1 COVID-

RESUMO A capacidade de campo do Latossolo foi avaliada usando os métodos de densidade de fluxo de água em campo, modelo Arya-Paris e câmara de pressão de Richards com amostras não deformadas, e a curva de retenção de água e a umidade do solo foram determinadas usando o modelo de Arya-Paris a uma pressão de 10 kPa. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso. O solo avaliado foi Latossolo nas camadas 0-10 e 10-20 cm. Usando o método da densidade de fluxo, a uma densidade de fluxo de água q = 0,10 mm por dia e 1,0 mm por dia, os valores de umidade do solo na capacidade de campo foram de 0,30 e 0,32 m3 m-3, respectivamente, para uma profundidade de 0-10 cm, e 0,28 e 0,31 m3 m-3, respectivamente, para uma profundidade de 10-20 cm. Comparando os resultados obtidos com a câmara de pressão com os da capacidade de campo obtidos para q = 0,1 mm por dia, o erro absoluto médio e o viés foram 0,880 e -0,218, respectivamente, para a profundidade de 0-10 cm, e 2,57 e -2,57, respectivamente, para a profundidade de 10-20 cm. A capacidade de campo do Latossolo pode ser obtida submetendo amostras não deformadas de 50 cm3 a uma pressão de 10 kPa. O modelo Arya-Paris é uma alternativa para determinar a curva de retenção de água do solo e a capacidade de campo do Latossolo. AryaParis Arya Paris 1 kPa Rondonópolis Grosso 010 0 0-1 1020 20 10-2 cm 1, 030 30 0,3 032 32 m m3, 3, 3 m-3 respectivamente 028 28 0,2 031 31 01 0, 0880 880 0,88 0,218, 0218 218 -0,218 257 2 57 2,5 2,57, -2,57 5 0- 102 10- 03 m- 02 088 88 0,8 0,218 021 21 -0,21 25 2, -2,5 08 8 0,21 -0,2 -2, -0, -2 -0 -

ABSTRACT The field capacity of Oxisol was evaluated using the flux density in the field, Arya-Paris model, and Richards pressure chamber with non-deformed samples, and the water retention curve and soil moisture were determined using the Arya-Paris model at a pressure of 10 kPa. The research was conducted at the Federal University of Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The soil evaluated was Oxisol at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. Using the flux density method, at a water flux density q = 0.10 mm per day and 1.0 mm per day, soil moisture values at field capacity were 0.30 and 0.32 m3 m-3, respectively, at a depth of 0-10 cm and 0.28 and 0.31 m3 m-3, respectively, at a depth of 10-20 cm. Comparing the results obtained with the pressure chamber with those of the field capacity obtained for q = 0.1 mm per day, the mean absolute error and bias were 0.880 and -0.218, respectively, for the 0-10 cm depth and 2.57 and -2.57, respectively, for the 10-20 cm depth. Field capacity of Oxisol can be obtained by subjecting undeformed 50 cm3 samples to a pressure of 10 kPa. The Arya-Paris model is an alternative for determining the soil water retention curve and the field capacity of Oxisol. AryaParis Arya Paris nondeformed non deformed 1 kPa Rondonópolis state Brazil 010 0 0-1 1020 20 10-2 method 1. 030 30 0.3 032 32 m m3, 3, 3 m-3 respectively 028 28 0.2 031 31 01 0. 0880 880 0.88 0.218, 0218 218 -0.218 257 2 57 2.5 2.57, -2.57 5 0- 102 10- 03 m- 02 088 88 0.8 0.218 021 21 -0.21 25 2. -2.5 08 8 0.21 -0.2 -2. -0. -2 -0 -

ABSTRACT This article describes the actors involved in the recommendation of the Peruvian anchoveta catch quota prior to the fishing seasons of each region (north-central and south), as well as the bias associated with it. The data on biomasses, quotas, and landings correspond to the 2000-2022 period, while the recommendations for the total quota correspond to 2019-2022. For the north-central region, Imarpe recommends Produce an exploitation rate lower than or equal to 0.35. This is done through a decision table for four probable oceanographic environment scenarios, considering a remaining biomass to ensure sustainability. The compliance of Peruvian anchoveta catches quotas in the first fishing seasons has been higher than 90 %, while in the second fishing seasons, catches have even been less than 50 %, as in the case of: 2001, 2019, 2010 and 2017. Between 2019 and 2022, Produce opted for the following: i) with a quota lower than that recommended in the decision table (I-2021, II-2020, I-2019) and ii) with a quota higher than that recommended in the biomass of the decision table (I-2022, II-2021, II-2022, II-2019 and I-2020). The observation error is lower (0.10) for the summer surveys and higher (0.15) for the winter-spring (spawning biomass and hydroacoustic surveys).

RESUMEN Este artículo describe los actores que intervienen en la recomendación de la cuota de captura de anchoveta, previo a las temporadas de pesca para cada región (norte-centro y sur), así como el sesgo asociado a la misma. Los datos de las biomasas, cuotas y desembarques corresponden al período 2000-2022, mientras que las recomendaciones para la cuota total corresponden a 2019-2022. Para la región norte-centro, el Imarpe recomienda a Produce una tasa de explotación menor o igual a 0.35 mediante una tabla de decisión para cuatros escenarios probables de ambiente oceanográfico, considerando una biomasa remanente para asegurar su sostenibilidad. El cumplimiento de las cuotas de capturas de anchoveta en las primeras temporadas de pesca ha sido mayor a 90 %, mientras que en las segundas temporadas de pesca se han capturado inclusive menores a 50 %, como es el caso del: 2001, 2019, 2010 y 2017. Entre 2019 y 2022, Produce optó lo siguiente: i) con cuota menor a la recomendada en la tabla de decisión (I-2021, II-2020, I-2019) y ii) con cuota mayor a la recomendada en la biomasa a la tabla de decisión (I-2022, II-2021, II-2022, II-2019 y I-2020). El error de observación es menor (0.10) en los cruceros de verano y mayor (0.15) en invierno-primavera (cruceros de biomasa desovante e hidroacústicos).

Abstract Within the paradigm of Spanish polar interrogative constructions, the interrogatives marked with qué used in Mexican Spanish (¿Qué Julia llamó?, ¿qué Julia no llamó?, ¿qué no Julia llamó?) have not been studied so far. This article analyzes the non-propositional meaning of these constructions based on the theoretical proposal by Sudo (2013). The paper argues that the two proposed biases, epistemic bias, and evidential bias, are necessary for analyzing these polar interrogatives. However, they are insufficient to capture the differences between the two negative polar interrogatives. The paper proposes that these interrogative constructions differ in their epistemic bias degree: with both requiring positive belief, but with different degrees of certainty.

Resumen Dentro del paradigma de construcciones interrogativas polares del español, las interrogativas marcadas con qué empleadas en el español de México (¿Qué Julia llamó?, ¿qué Julia no llamó?, ¿qué no Julia llamó?) no han sido estudiadas hasta ahora. Este artículo analiza el significado no proposicional de estas construcciones a partir de la propuesta teórica de Sudo (2013). Se muestra que los dos sesgos propuestos, sesgo epistémico y sesgo evidencial, son necesarios para el análisis de estas interrogativas polares, pero no son suficientes para capturar las diferencias entre las dos interrogativas polares negativas. El artículo propone que estas construcciones difieren en el grado de su sesgo epistémico: ambas requieren una creencia positiva, pero con diferente grado de certeza.

Summary: The middle area of the state of Sinaloa in Northwestern Mexico is characterized by a warm semi-arid climate where rainfall is insufficient for the adequate development of some introduced plant species. For example, those that correspond to the genus Brachiaria, despite technological advances in sencor development, the producers have limted access to sufficient meteorological information. Therefore, the aim in the present study is to determine water requirement, crop coefficient, and productivity of Convert 300 hybrid grass (Brachiaria sp) in a warm semiarid climate of Mexico by using the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO56 Penman-Montiel equation) method with complete and limited data; a meteorological station was used to measure climatic parameters, and the FAO56 method with dual kc was applied to estimate crop evapotranspiration under non-standard conditions, and subsequently, water productiviy. The estimated water consumption for the Convert 330 hybrid in the warm semiarid climate of northwest Mexico was 1849 mm with measured data and 1973.5 mm with limited data. The statistical analyses yielded a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.92, Willmott’s coefficient of agreement (d) of 0.90, RMSE of 0.694 mm d-1, BIAS of 0.380 mm d-1 and a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (EF) of 0.98. The kc values were 0.49, 1.11 and 1.04 for initial, middle and end of season, respectively; the water productivity (WUE) was 2.666 kg m-3 for green forage, and 0.726 kg m-3, for dry matter, in the same way, 375.1 and 1378 L kg-1 were required to produce green forage and dry matter, respectively. To conclude, althought the ETc estimation with limited data overestimated the ETc with measured data by 6.7%, statistics showed that the procedure is reliable.

Resumen: La región central del estado de Sinaloa en el noroeste mexicano, se caracteriza por un clima semiárido cálido donde la precipitación es insuficiente para el desarrollo adecuado de algunas especies vegetales introducidas, como las correspondientes al género Brachiaria, a pesar del avance tecnológico en el desarrollo de sensores, es escaso el acceso de los productores a suficiente información meteorológica; el objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en determinar el requerimiento hídrico, coeficiente de cultivo y productividad del pasto híbrido Convert 330 (Brachiaria sp) en un clima semiárido cálido de México, utilizando el método FAO56 con datos medidos y datos limitados; se utilizó una estación meteorológica para medir los parámetros climáticos, y se aplicó el método FAO56 con kc dual para estimar la evapotranspiración de cultivo bajo condiciones no estándar, y posteriormente, la productividad del agua. El consumo de agua estimado para el pasto Convert 330 en clima semiárido cálido del noroeste de México fue de 1849 mm con datos medidos y 1973.5 mm con datos limitados; el análisis estadístico arrojó un coeficiente de determinación (R2) de 0.92, coeficiente de concordancia de Willmott (d) de 0.90, RMSE de 0.694 mm d-1, BIAS=0.380 mm d-1 y un coeficiente de eficiencia de Nash-Sutcliffe (EF) de 0.98. Los valores de kc obtenidos fueron de 0.49, 1.11 y 1.04 paras las etapas inicial, media y final, respectivamente; la productividad del agua (EUA) fue de 2.666 kg m-3 para forraje verde y 0.726 kg m-3 para materia seca; asimismo, se requirieron 375.1 y 1378 L kg-1 para la producción de forraje verde y materia seca, respectivamente. Finalmente, se concluye que, aunque la estimación de la ETc con datos limitados sobrestimó en un 6.7% la ETc con datos medidos, la estadística muestra que es confiable el procedimiento.

Abstract Introduction/Objective: Research on adult attachment has predominantly been conducted in Anglo-Saxon and European countries, with no comprehensive compilation of contributions from Latin America to date. The objective of the present study was to perform a systematic review of empirical research on adult attachment in Latin America over the past decade. Method: Using the PRISMA methodology, a search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Scielo databases between April and August 2023. Empirical research published in the last 10 years in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, focusing on the study of adult attachment, were included. Some of the exclusion criteria were empirical research with samples of children and adolescents, as well as studies using Latino samples recruited outside of Latin American countries. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results: After the screening and review process, 62 articles were examined. Most of the studies employed quantitative methodologies and were rooted in the tradition of social and personality psychology rather than developmental psychology. The topics addressed are grouped into individual and relational functioning variables, with results consistent with those identified in studies conducted in other regions. Conclusions: The implications of these findings are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. One limitation is the possible omission of relevant unpublished studies or available in other data bases.

Resumen Introducción/objetivo: las investigaciones sobre el apego adulto se han realizado principalmente en países anglosajones o europeos, y hasta el momento no ha habido una recopilación de las contribuciones provenientes de Latinoamérica. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo hacer una revisión sistemática de la investigación empírica sobre el apego adulto en América Latina en la última década. Método: utilizando la metodología PRISMA, se efectuó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO y Scielo entre abril y agosto de 2023. Se incluyeron investigaciones empíricas publicadas en los últimos 10 años en español, inglés y portugués, centradas en el estudio del apego adulto. Entre los criterios de exclusión considerados se encuentran las investigaciones empíricas con muestras de niños y adolescentes, así como estudios que utilicen muestras latinas reclutadas fuera de los países latinoamericanos. El riesgo de sesgo de los estudios incluidos se evaluó mediante la herramienta The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Resultados: tras el proceso de tamizaje y revisión, se revisaron 62 artículos. La mayoría de los estudios han empleado metodologías cuantitativas, principalmente desde la tradición de la psicología social y de la personalidad, más que de la proveniente de la psicología evolutiva. Los tópicos abordados se agrupan en variables de funcionamiento individual y relacional, con resultados consistentes con los identificados en otras regiones. Conclusiones: se discuten las implicancias de estos hallazgos y se proponen líneas de investigación futura. Una limitación del presente estudio es la posible omisión de investigaciones relevantes no publicadas o disponibles en otras bases de datos.

Abstract Introduction: Coryphaena hippurus is a species of commercial interest with a high migratory capacity, a characteristic that places it in tropical and subtropical environments, preferring areas with a temperature range between 21 and 30 °C and salinity close to 31 ppt. Although the population trend of C. hippurus is stable, the fishing of this resource is increasing and occupies important positions in the economy of the Eastern Tropical Pacific coastal countries, which demonstrates the need to design and strengthen conservation strategies for the adequate use of this resource. Given its location in tropical and subtropical environments, its availability and distribution could be affected by climate change. Objective: To analyze the current and future potential distribution of C. hippurus under climate change scenarios. Methods: Ten algorithms were used to model the potential distribution and current habitat suitability index of C. hippurus as a function of sea surface temperature, current salinity and velocity, and these results were then projected under the most extreme climate change scenario. Results: There were good performances with all the algorithms used, but the model generated with BIOCLIM (AUC: 0.89) was chosen because it also solves the problem of spatial and temporal bias found in the records of the species. The region of greatest habitat suitability for C. hippurus matches the oceanic fronts of the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Under future conditions of extreme climate change, the species distribution pattern indicates a contraction, relocation, and expansion of habitat south of the equator. Conclusions: Under conditions of extreme climate change, the distribution model for C. hippurus suggests a process of topicalization of marine ecosystems in the Eastern Tropical Pacific by 2100.

Resumen Introducción: Coryphaena hippurus es una especie migratoria de interés comercial, que se encuentra en ambientes tropicales y subtropicales, prefiriendo zonas con un rango de temperatura entre 21 y 30 °C y salinidad cercana a 31 ppt. Aunque la tendencia poblacional del dorado es estable, la pesquería de este recurso está aumentando y ocupa importantes posiciones en la economía de países costeros del Pacífico Oriental Tropical, evidenciándose la necesidad de diseñar y fortalecer estrategias de conservación y mejorar el aprovechamiento de este recurso. Dada su ubicación en ambientes tropicales y subtropicales, la disponibilidad y distribución de este recurso podría verse afectado a futuro por el cambio climático. Objetivo: Analizar la distribución potencial actual y futura de C. hippurus bajo condiciones de cambio climático. Métodos: Se emplearon 10 algoritmos para modelar la distribución potencial e idoneidad de hábitat actual para C. hippurus a partir de la temperatura superficial del mar, la salinidad y velocidad de las corrientes, posteriormente se proyectaron estos resultados según el escenario de cambio climático más extremo. Resultados: Hubo buenos desempeños con todos los algoritmos empleados, pero se escogió el modelo generado con BIOCLIM (AUC: 0.89) pues además resuelve el inconveniente del sesgo espacial y temporal hallado en los registros de la especie. La región de mayor idoneidad de hábitat para C. hippurus coincide con los frentes oceánicos del Pacífico Oriental Tropical. En condiciones futuras de cambio climático extremo, el modelo de distribución de la especie indica una contracción, reubicación y expansión de hábitat hacia el sur de la línea ecuatorial. Conclusiones: En condiciones de cambio climático extremo, el modelo de distribución para C. hippurus sugiere un proceso de tropicalización de los ecosistemas marinos en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical para el año 2100.

Abstract Introduction: Research has shown the importance of differentiating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) from subjective complaints of attention difficulties. In both cases, there is a clinical manifestation that differentially affects women and men. This study assessed the potential relationships among Behavioural and Emotional Symptoms, ADHD Diagnosis, Attentional Complaints, and Sex in Young Adults between 18 and 25 years of age. Method: Using a cross-sectional design, we examined the relationships across three groups (diagnosed with ADHD, attentional complaints, and controls) in a sample of 232 participants (Meanage = 20.38 years, SDage = 1.81 years; 52% women). We employed the Adult ADHD Self Report Scale and the Toulouse Pieron Test to classify participants among groups; for measures of behavioural/emotional symptoms using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 - Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), through High-Order and Somatic/Cognitive Scales. Results: Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) revealed a significant relationship between group membership and the MMPI-2-RF variables after controlling for sex (p < 0.01). Post hoc tests indicated group differences across all variables except for Head Pain Complaints. Additionally, comparisons between men and women revealed significant differences in Behavioural and Emotional Dysfunction, and Gastro-Intestinal Complaints. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of making a diagnosis that is not only based on a list of symptoms and signs but also takes into account differences in sex, emotional/behavioural alterations, and associated connections to increased rumination in young adults, which may influence self-assessment bias and contribute to overestimation or underestimation of ADHD symptomatology.

Resumen Introducción: Las investigaciones han demostrado la importancia de diferenciar el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) de las quejas subjetivas de dificultades de atención. En ambos casos existe una manifestación clínica que afecta diferencialmente a mujeres y hombres. Este estudio evaluó las posibles relaciones entre los síntomas conductuales y emocionales, el diagnóstico de TDAH, las quejas atencionales y el sexo en adultos jóvenes de entre 18 y 25 años. Método: Utilizando un diseño transversal, examinamos las relaciones entre tres grupos (diagnosticados con TDAH, quejas atencionales y controles) en una muestra de 232 participantes (Mediaedad = 20.38 años, DEedad = 1.81 años; 52 % mujeres). Empleamos la escala de Autoinforme de TDAH en Adultos y la prueba Toulouse Pieron para clasificar a los participantes entre grupos; para medidas de síntomas conductuales/emocionales utilizamos el inventario multifásico de personalidad de Minnesota-2 - Forma reestructurada (MMPI-2-RF), por medio de las escalas de Alto Orden y las Somáticas/ Cognitivas. Resultados: El análisis multivariado de varianza (Manova) mostró una relación significativa entre el grupo y las variables del MMPI-2-RF después de controlar el sexo (p < 0.01). Las pruebas post hoc indicaron diferencias entre grupos en todas las variables, excepto en quejas de dolor de cabeza. Además, las comparaciones entre hombres y mujeres revelaron diferencias significativas en la disfunción conductual y emocional y en las quejas gastrointestinales. Conclusión: Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de realizar un diagnóstico que no se base únicamente en una lista de síntomas y signos, sino que también tenga en cuenta las diferencias de sexo, las alteraciones emocionales/conductuales y las conexiones asociadas con una mayor rumiación en adultos jóvenes, lo cual puede influir en el sesgo de autoevaluación y contribuir a una sobreestimación o subestimación de la sintomatología del TDAH.

Direct current flow through power transformers in HVDC systems can lead to significant half-cycle saturation issues, putting the power system at risk. The HVDC system can function in monopolar ground return and unbalanced bipolar without earth return conductors. During these two HVDC modes of operation, a substantial direct current flows through the HVDC ground terminals, creating a ground DC potential difference between the neutrally grounded transformers. As a result, DC flows through the neutrals into the transformer windings. The study presents a transformer-neutral DC compensating device incorporating a novel control to solve the issue. Using a proper control strategy, injecting reverse DC into the grounding grid can compensate for direct current flow in transformer windings to mitigate the biased operating flux of power transformers. In this article, an in-depth analysis of transformer response to DC bias was investigated. Then, an Interval type-II fuzzy logic control (IT2FLC) was proposed as an effective control strategy for managing the neutral DC compensating system. Its robustness was assessed and analysed by comparing it with type-I fuzzy logic-based (T1FLC) and a PI-based compensation system. The control performance is examined using MATLAB/Simulink models and validated with rapid control prototype tests conducted with a SpeedgoatTM real-time target machine, assessing the transient response, oscillations, and settling time of the compensation device under DC bias voltage variations. The outcomes indicate that the IT2FLC controls the compensation device more effectively than other controllers to mitigate half-cycle saturation. This approach introduces a novel strategy to prevent transformer half-cycle saturation.

El régimen colonial portugués utilizó libros de texto y otros medios educativos para difundir sus ideologías de supremacía blanca. Esto se hizo con el fin de subyugar mejor a los colonizados en sus provincias africanas, las llamadas "provincias de ultramar". Este artículo intenta establecer que la mayoría del extracto social nativo en el África colonial lusófona, particularmente en Angola y Guinea Bissau, estaba arraigado en estereotipos sistemáticos durante el Estado Novo [Nuevo Estado] (1933-1974). Esto se logró mediante el uso de libros de texto en el Estado Novo [Nuevo Estado] para inculcar valores y la cultura de la sumisión en los niños indígenas desde una edad escolar temprana. Esperamos con el análisis de dos libros de texto de escuela primaria exponer las ideologías coloniales y advertir sobre las consecuencias negativas del sesgo eurocéntrico y afrocéntrico que se encuentra en los libros de texto escolares actuales, especialmente contra grupos minoritarios como los blancos y los mestizos en el contexto de la agenda poscolonial. El estudio emplea el Enfoque Discursivo-Histórico (DHA) para analizar los datos.

O regime colonial português utilizou livros escolares e outros meios educativos para divulgar as suas ideologias de supremacia branca. Isto foi promulgado para melhor subjugar os colonizados nas suas chamadas “províncias ultramarinas” africanas. Este artigo tenta estabelecer que a maior parte do extrato social nativo dos países Lusófonos em África particularmente Angola e Guine Bissau, no período colonial, estavam enraizados em estereótipos sistemáticos. Isto foi conseguido através da utilização de livros didáticos no Estado Novo para inculcar valores e a cultura de subserviência às crianças indígenas desde a mais tenra idade escolar. Esperamos com a análise de dois manuais escolares do ensino primário expôr as ideologias coloniais. Pretendemos também alertar sobre as consequências negativas do eurocentricentrismo e afrocentrismo encontrado nos livros e manuais escolares atuais o que é discrimina, especialmente, grupos minoritários como brancos e mestiços no contexto da agenda pós-colonial. O estudo emprega a Abordagem Histórico-Discursiva (DHA, sigla em inglês) para analisar os dados.

The Portuguese colonial regime used textbooks and other educational means to disseminate its ideologies of white supremacy. This was enacted in order to better subjugate the colonized in their African, so called 'overseas provinces'. This paper attempts to establish that the majority of the social native extract in the Africa colonial Lusophone particularly in Angola and Guinea Bissau was entrenched in systematic stereotyping during Estado Novo [New State] (1933-1974). This was achieved through using textbooks to inculcate values and the culture of subservience in indigenous children from an early school-going age. We hope with the analysis of two primary school textbooks to expose the colonial ideologies and to warn about the negative consequences of Eurocentric and Afrocentric bias found in current school textbooks especially against minority groups like whites and coloureds in the context of the post-colonial agenda. The study employs the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) to analyse data.

The objective of this article is to discuss the main challenges in implementing integrated and systemic policies aimed at the sustainable transition of food systems. For this purpose, the Farm to Fork strategy, developed by the European Union to promote a fair and sustainable transition in the continent's food systems, was used as the subject of analysis. Through the examination of documents, plans, reports, and articles, four main challenges for the implementation of the strategy were identified: i) the prevalence of sectoral bias in investments focused on niche markets; ii) the concentration of investments in conventional sectors and the weakness of instruments to regulate corporate actions; iii) the limited impact of institutional and economic incentives on the diversity of production models; and iv) the insufficient investment in territorial policies.

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir os principais desafios para a implementação de políticas integradas e sistêmicas, com vistas à transição sustentável dos sistemas alimentares. Para tanto, foi utilizada como objeto a estratégia Farm to Fork, elaborada pela União Europeia para promover uma transição justa e sustentável nos sistemas alimentares do continente. Com base na análise de documentos, planos, relatórios e artigos, foi possível identificar quatro desafios principais para a implementação da estratégia: i) prevalência do viés setorial dos investimentos no fomento a nichos; ii) concentração dos investimentos nos setores convencionais e fragilidade dos instrumentos para condicionar as ações das corporações; iii) baixa incidência dos incentivos institucionais e econômicos sobre a diversidade dos modelos produtivos; e iv) pouco investimento nas ações de caráter territorial.

Abstract This article aims to demonstrate that the use of intersectionality, as an analytical, political and social strategy, is compatible with a critical and radical reading of criminology, considering LGBT issues as a central point of the implications of violence and vulnerability. Intersectionality is used as a strategy for contemporary criminological thinking, given its analytical potential regarding the intersection of power systems and the production of inequalities. The course of reflections, which has LGBTphobic violence as a starting point, begins with a brief exposition of Brazilian data on homotransphobia and its relations with the intersectional perspective. It then justifies the choice of Patricia Hill Collins and her approach to intersectionality as a critical social theory. It advances the analysis of intersectional thinking as a necessary strategy for contemporary criminological criticism, by repositioning reflections on vulnerability, especially regarding LGBT debates. The results of these discussions leave open possibilities for a paradigm shift in Brazilian critical criminological thinking, which has become accustomed to working with social markers of difference in a generic or isolationist bias, a perspective that can be overcome with the intersectional criminology proposed by Hillary Potter. vulnerability inequalities theory criticism debates bias Potter

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar que o uso da interseccionalidade, enquanto estratégia analítica, política e social, se compatibiliza com uma leitura crítica e radical da criminologia, considerando as questões LGBT como ponto central das implicações de violência e vulnerabilidade. A interseccionalidade é empregada como estratégia para o pensamento criminológico contemporâneo, diante do seu potencial analítico quanto ao entrecruzamento dos sistemas de poder e a produção de desigualdades. O percurso das reflexões, que tem a violência LGBTfóbica como ponto de partida, inicia com uma breve exposição de dados brasileiros sobre a homotransfobia e suas relações com a perspectiva interseccional. Em seguida, justifica a escolha de Patrícia Hill Collins e sua abordagem da interseccionalidade como teoria crítica social. Avança na análise do pensamento interseccional como estratégia necessária à crítica criminológica contemporânea, ao reposicionar reflexões sobre vulnerabilidade, especialmente quanto aos debates LGBT’s. Os resultados destas discussões deixam em aberto possibilidades de uma mudança paradigmática no pensamento criminológico crítico brasileiro, que se habituou a trabalhar com marcadores sociais da diferença em um viés genérico ou isolacionista, perspectiva que pode ser superada com a criminologia interseccional proposta por Hillary Potter. analítica social vulnerabilidade contemporâneo desigualdades partida seguida contemporânea LGBTs. LGBTs s. s LGBT’s brasileiro isolacionista Potter

Resumen Se presenta la proyección climática de los regímenes de temperatura y precipitación en la provincia Holguín para el mediano plazo (2031-2060) y el largo plazo (2061-2090), respecto al período base 1971-2000. Se utilizaron las salidas del modelo climático global HadGEM-ES para los escenarios climáticos RCP (trayectorias de concentración representativas) RCP4,5 y RCP8,5. Al mismo tiempo, se emplearon los datos climáticos de las estaciones meteorológicas de Cabo Lucrecia, La Jíquima y Pinares de Mayarí en el período 1971-2005, las cuales son representativas de las zonas costera, interior y montañosa de la provincia respectivamente. Se aplicó la corrección BIAS (error medio) a partir del método delta y la interpolación por los métodos del inverso de la distancia y bilineal; en tanto, se contrastaron los valores del modelo HadGEM-ES con las observaciones de las estaciones meteorológicas utilizando como métricas de comparación los errores BIAS, RSME (raíz del error cuadrático medio, por sus siglas en inglés) y el Diagrama de Taylor. La corrección BIAS a partir del método delta permitió reducir los sesgos entre los valores anuales proyectados y los observados en el orden de 10-3 para la temperatura y 0,1 mm para la precipitación. Los resultados muestran que el clima de la provincia Holguín, referido a los regímenes de temperatura y precipitación, estaría transitando a ser más cálido y seco a la vez, con una posible redistribución de la precipitación dentro del año.

Abstract The climate projection of the temperature and precipitation regimes in the Holguín province for the medium term (2031-2060) and the long term (2061-2090), with respect to the base period 1971-2000 is presented. The outputs of the HadGEM-ES global climate model for the RCP (representative concentration trajectories) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios were used. At the same time, climatic data from the meteorological stations of Cabo Lucrecia, La Jíquima and Pinares de Mayarí in the period 1971-2005, which are representative of the coastal, inland and mountainous areas of the province respectively were used. The BIAS correction (mean error) was applied using the delta method and interpolation using the inverse distance and bilinear methods; Meanwhile, the values of the HadGEM-ES model were contrasted with observations from meteorological stations using BIAS, RSME (root mean square error) and Taylor Diagram errors as comparison metrics. The BIAS correction based on the delta method allowed us to reduce the biases between the projected and observed annual values in the order of 10-3 for temperature and 0.1 mm for precipitation. The results show that the climate of the Holguín province, referring to the temperature and precipitation regimes, would be becoming warmer and drier at the same time, with a possible redistribution of precipitation within the year.

Abstract Introduction CyberKnife (CK) radiosurgery is a treatment strategy for vestibular schwannoma (VS). Objectives To evaluate hearing preservation (HP) after CK for VS. Data Synthesis The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, and it was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, under number CRD42021250300). The inclusion criteria were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and study design (PICOTS) strategy: population – patients with VS; intervention – CK; Comparison – none; Outcome – serviceable HP defined by Gardner and Robertson as grades I or II, or by the American Academy of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery as classes A or B; timing – mean follow-up longer than 1 year; and study design – retrospective or prospective studies. The exclusion criteria were: studies not published in English; studies published before January 2000 and after October 2021; and studies only including patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 or submitted to a previous treatment. The PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and IBECS databases were used and last searched on October 27th, 2021. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. The appraisal checklist was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. A total of 222 studies were analyzed, and 13 were included in the synthesis, which represents 493 participants with serviceable hearing before intervention. The mean HP rate after CK using a random effects model was of 68% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 59–76%) at a mean follow-up of 42.96 months. Conclusion The longer follow-up period was associated with a lower HP rate after CK radiosurgery for VS in the qualitative synthesis. (CK . (VS) (HP MetaAnalyses Meta Analyses PRISMA (PRISMA statement PROSPERO, PROSPERO (PROSPERO CRD42021250300. CRD42021250300 CRD CRD42021250300) comparison outcome PICOTS (PICOTS none II B followup follow up year English 200 2021 PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE PubMed/MEDLINE EMBASE Science Library LILACS 27th th statistics 22 analyzed synthesis 49 68 95% 95 (95 95%CI 95CI CI [95%CI] 59–76% 5976 59 76 4296 42 96 42.9 months (VS CRD4202125030 20 202 4 6 9 (9 [95%CI 59–76 597 5 7 429 42. CRD420212503 ( 59–7 CRD42021250 59– CRD4202125 CRD420212 CRD42021 CRD4202 CRD420 CRD42 CRD4