ABSTRACT Background: Although parasacral TENS (pTENS) has been employed in various centers, there is a lack of studies on how children with overactive bladder (OAB) respond after failing to complete pTENS sessions. This study aimed to describe and assess treatments for OAB in children who did not respond to pTENS. Material and Methods: This retrospective case series examined patients aged 4-17 years. Patients were given subsequent treatment options, including: behavioral therapies; oxybutynin; imipramine; a combination of oxybutynin and imipramine; parasacral percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS); or a repeat course of pTENS. Outcomes were evaluated using the Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System (DVSS) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: Thirty children were included, with a median age of 7 years. Patients received one or more treatments. Of these, 70% underwent monotherapy. Among them, 57% experienced complete resolution of symptoms, 28% had partial resolution and were satisfied with the results, and 14% discontinued treatment. 30% out of the whole sample continued to experience bothersome symptoms. Complete response, according to initial subsequent, was achieved in: 54% with intensified behavioral therapies, 33% with oxybutynin, and 50% with imipramine alone. The median DVSS score decreased from 7.0 to 2.0 (p=0.025), while the median VAS score increased from 80 to 100 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Children with OAB refractory to pTENS who received structured subsequent treatments showed partial response in all cases, with complete symptom resolution in half of the patients. More intensive urotherapy, medications, or repeat pTENS in combination with oxybutinin can be effective for managing this challenging condition.

RESUMEN Introducción: El estrés laboral se define como un conjunto de reacciones emocionales, cognitivas, conductuales y fisiológicas en respuesta a sucesos adversos y nocivos en el entorno laboral, la organización y las tareas laborales. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación del estrés laboral con los hábitos alimentarios saludables y la obesidad abdominal en nutricionistas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Perú. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico y de corte transversal en nutricionistas de tres hospitales de referencia en Lima, Perú, durante el inicio de la tercera ola de COVID-19. El estrés laboral se evaluó con el instrumento certificado por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo y la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Para evaluar los hábitos alimentarios saludables se creó y se validó una escala. La obesidad abdominal se calculó según los puntos de corte de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes. La asociación entre el estrés laboral y los hábitos alimentarios saludables se estableció con modelos de regresión lineal simple, mientras que se utilizaron modelos lineales generalizados de la familia de Poisson para determinar la relación con la obesidad abdominal. Resultados: Se analizaron 87 nutricionistas, el 75,86 % eran mujeres con una edad promedio de 41 (33-50) años. La obesidad abdominal se observó en una frecuencia de 51,72 %. No se asoció el estrés laboral con los hábitos alimentarios saludables (βa: 2,39; IC 95 %: -5,19 a 9,97; p = 0,531) ni con la presencia de obesidad abdominal (RPa: 1,01; IC 95 %: 0,69-1,47; p = 0,972). Conclusiones: Los nutricionistas encuestados durante la pandemia de COVID-19 no manifestaron relación entre el estrés laboral y los hábitos alimentarios saludables o la presencia de obesidad abdominal. Se necesitan más investigaciones para explorar otros factores que puedan contribuir al desarrollo de la obesidad abdominal en esta población.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Job stress is defined as a set of emotional, cognitive, behavioral and physiological reactions in response to adverse and harmful events in the work environment, organization and work tasks. Objective: To evaluate the association of work stress with healthy eating habits and abdominal obesity in nutritionists during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in nutritionists from three referral hospitals in Lima during the onset of the third wave of COVID-19. Job stress was assessed with the instrument validated by the International Labor Organization and the World Health Organization. A scale was created and validated to assess healthy eating habits. Abdominal obesity was calculated according to the cut-off points of the International Diabetes Federation. The association between work stress and healthy eating habits was determined with simple linear regression models, while generalized linear Poisson family models were used to establish the relationship with abdominal obesity. Results: 87 nutritionists were analyzed, 75.86 % were women with a mean age of 41 (33-50) years. Abdominal obesity was observed in a frequency of 51.72 %. Job stress was not associated with healthy eating habits (βa: 2.39; 95 % CI: -5.19 to 9.97; p = 0.531) nor with the presence of abdominal obesity (RPa: 1.01; 95 % CI: 0.69-1.47; p = 0.972). Conclusions: Nutritionists surveyed during the COVID-19 pandemic expressed no relationship between job stress and healthy eating habits or the presence of abdominal obesity. Further research is needed to explore other factors that may contribute to the development of abdominal obesity in this population.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as propriedades psicométricas e a invariância fatorial da Escala de Atitudes em relação às Mudanças Climáticas (EAMC). Baseada na Teoria da Ação Planejada, a escala mede tanto as crenças quanto as intenções comportamentais em relação às mudanças climáticas. O instrumento original possui 15 itens, com um formato de resposta tipo Likert de cinco opções. Foi aplicado a uma amostra não probabilística de 800 participantes chilenos. Após sua tradução e revisão, a escala demonstrou validade de conteúdo adequada. Uma Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC) validou a adequação do instrumento, ajustado para 13 itens, mantendo sua estrutura original de dois fatores. A análise de invariância fatorial confirmou que a estrutura bidimensional não é influenciada pelo gênero. Foram encontradas evidências de validade convergente e discriminante, bem como uma confiabilidade adequada em ambas as dimensões. Em conclusão, respalda-se o uso da versão em espanhol da EAMC em comunidades de língua espanhola, fortalecendo a pesquisa sobre mudanças climáticas na região a partir de uma perspectiva psicossocial.

Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties and factorial invariance of the Climate Change Attitude Scale (CCAS). Based on Planned Behavior Theory, the scale measures both beliefs and behavioral intentions towards climate change. The original instrument consists of 15 items, using a five-point Likert response format. It was applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 800 Chilean participants. After translation and review, the scale demonstrated adequate content validity. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) validated the instrument's suitability, which was adjusted to 13 items while maintaining its original two-factor structure. The invariance analysis confirmed that the bidimensional structure is not affected by gender. Evidence was found of convergent and discriminant validity, as well as adequate reliability in both dimensions. In conclusion, we support use of the Spanish version of the CCAS in Spanish-speaking communities, thus strengthening climate change research in the region from a psychosocial perspective.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas y la invarianza factorial de la Escala de Actitudes hacia el Cambio Climático (EACC). Diseñada con base en la Teoría de la Acción Planificada, la escala mide tanto las creencias como la intención de conducta hacia el cambio climático. El instrumento original consta de 15 ítems, con un formato de respuesta tipo Likert de cinco opciones. Se aplicó a una muestra no probabilística de 800 participantes chilenos. Después de su traducción y revisión, la escala mostró una adecuada validez de contenido. Un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) validó la idoneidad del instrumento, ajustado a 13 ítems, manteniendo su estructura original de dos factores. El análisis de invarianza factorial confirmó que la estructura bidimensional no se ve afectada por el género. Se encontraron evidencias de validez convergente y discriminante, así como una confiabilidad adecuada en ambas dimensiones. En conclusión, se respalda el uso de la versión en español de la CCAS en comunidades hispanohablantes, lo que fortalece la investigación sobre el cambio climático en la región desde una perspectiva psicosocial.

RESUMO Buscou-se investigar a percepção sobre as experiências de discriminação racial nos ambientes de saúde e identificar fatores associados. Estudo transversal, realizado entre novembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022, com mulheres autodeclaradas negras residentes no Rio Grande do Sul. O inquérito foi realizado no formato on-line, com questionário estruturado e autoaplicável. A escala de percepção de discriminação em saúde foi o instrumento adotado para avaliação do principal desfecho de interesse. Como variáveis independentes, foram analisadas as variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de saúde. A estatística descritiva compreendeu as frequências absolutas (n) e relativas (%) das variáveis de interesse, enquanto o teste do qui-quadrado foi utilizado para observar a distribuição do desfecho segundo variáveis independentes. Para verificar os fatores associados, foram calculadas as Razões de Prevalência (RP) brutas e ajustadas, por meio da Regressão de Poisson. A amostra foi composta por 511 mulheres autodeclaradas negras, com prevalência de 19,8% de alta percepção de experiências raciais discriminatórias nos ambientes de saúde. Os fatores sociodemográficos e condições de saúde associados ao desfecho principal foram religiões de matriz africana (RP = 1,73; IC95% 1,17-2,54), uso da rede pública (RP = 1,71; IC95% 1,09-2,68) e diagnóstico prévio de Transtorno Mental Comum (RP = 1,56; IC95% 1,07-2,27).

ABSTRACT This study sought to investigate the perception of racial discrimination in healthcare environments and identify associated factors. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out between November 2021 and January 2022, with self-declared black women residing in Rio Grande do Sul. The survey was carried out in an online format, with a structured and self-administered questionnaire. The scale of perception of discrimination in health was the instrument adopted to assess the main outcome of interest. As independent variables, sociodemographic, behavioral and health variables were analyzed. Descriptive statistics comprised the absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies of the variables of interest, while the chi-square test was used to observe the distribution of the outcome according to independent variables. To verify the associated factors, Prevalence Ratios (PR) were calculated, crude and adjusted using Poisson Regression. The sample consisted of 511 self-declared black women, with a prevalence of 19.8% of high perception of discriminatory racial experiences in health environments. The sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the main outcome were religions of African origin (PR=1.73; 95%CI 1.17-2.54), use of the public network (PR=1.71; 95%CI 1.09 -2.68) and previous diagnosis of Common Mental Disorder (PR=1.56; 95%CI 1.07-2.27).

ABSTRACT This study sought to investigate the perception of racial discrimination in healthcare environments and identify associated factors. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out between November 2021 and January 2022, with self-declared black women residing in Rio Grande do Sul. The survey was carried out in an online format, with a structured and self-administered questionnaire. The scale of perception of discrimination in health was the instrument adopted to assess the main outcome of interest. As independent variables, sociodemographic, behavioral and health variables were analyzed. Descriptive statistics comprised the absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies of the variables of interest, while the chi-square test was used to observe the distribution of the outcome according to independent variables. To verify the associated factors, Prevalence Ratios (PR) were calculated, crude and adjusted using Poisson Regression. The sample consisted of 511 self-declared black women, with a prevalence of 19.8% of high perception of discriminatory racial experiences in health environments. The sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the main outcome were religions of African origin (PR=1.73; 95%CI 1.17-2.54), use of the public network (PR=1.71; 95%CI 1.09 -2.68) and previous diagnosis of Common Mental Disorder (PR=1.56; 95%CI 1.07-2.27). crosssectional cross sectional 202 2022 selfdeclared self declared Sul format selfadministered administered questionnaire interest analyzed n (n % (% chisquare chi square PR (PR calculated Regression 51 198 19 8 19.8 PR=1.73 PR173 1 73 (PR=1.73 95CI CI 95 1.172.54, 117254 1.17 2.54 , 17 2 54 1.17-2.54) PR=1.71 PR171 71 (PR=1.71 109 09 1.0 2.68 268 68 -2.68 PR=1.56 PR156 56 (PR=1.56 1.072.27. 107227 1.07 2.27 . 07 27 1.07-2.27) 20 ( 5 19. PR=1.7 PR17 7 (PR=1.7 9 172 1.172.54 11725 117 1.1 254 2.5 1.17-2.54 10 0 1. 2.6 26 6 -2.6 PR=1.5 PR15 (PR=1.5 072 1.072.27 10722 107 227 2.2 1.07-2.27 PR=1. PR1 (PR=1. 1.172.5 1172 11 25 2. 1.17-2.5 -2. 1.072.2 1072 22 1.07-2.2 PR=1 (PR=1 1.172. 1.17-2. -2 1.072. 1.07-2. PR= (PR= 1.172 1.17-2 - 1.072 1.07-2 1.17- 1.07-

RESUMO Buscou-se investigar a percepção sobre as experiências de discriminação racial nos ambientes de saúde e identificar fatores associados. Estudo transversal, realizado entre novembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022, com mulheres autodeclaradas negras residentes no Rio Grande do Sul. O inquérito foi realizado no formato on-line, com questionário estruturado e autoaplicável. A escala de percepção de discriminação em saúde foi o instrumento adotado para avaliação do principal desfecho de interesse. Como variáveis independentes, foram analisadas as variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de saúde. A estatística descritiva compreendeu as frequências absolutas (n) e relativas (%) das variáveis de interesse, enquanto o teste do qui-quadrado foi utilizado para observar a distribuição do desfecho segundo variáveis independentes. Para verificar os fatores associados, foram calculadas as Razões de Prevalência (RP) brutas e ajustadas, por meio da Regressão de Poisson. A amostra foi composta por 511 mulheres autodeclaradas negras, com prevalência de 19,8% de alta percepção de experiências raciais discriminatórias nos ambientes de saúde. Os fatores sociodemográficos e condições de saúde associados ao desfecho principal foram religiões de matriz africana (RP = 1,73; IC95% 1,17-2,54), uso da rede pública (RP = 1,71; IC95% 1,09-2,68) e diagnóstico prévio de Transtorno Mental Comum (RP = 1,56; IC95% 1,07-2,27). Buscouse Buscou se transversal 202 2022 Sul online, online on line, line on-line autoaplicável interesse independentes sociodemográficas n (n % (% quiquadrado qui quadrado RP ajustadas Poisson 51 198 19 8 19,8 1,73 173 1 73 IC95 IC 1,172,54, 117254 1,17 2,54 , 17 2 54 1,17-2,54) 1,71 171 71 1,092,68 109268 1,09 2,68 09 68 1,09-2,68 1,56 156 56 1,072,27. 107227 1,07 2,27 . 07 27 1,07-2,27) 20 ( 5 19, 1,7 7 IC9 172 1,172,54 11725 117 1,1 254 2,5 1,17-2,54 092 1,092,6 10926 109 1,0 268 2,6 0 6 1,09-2,6 1,5 15 072 1,072,27 10722 107 227 2,2 1,07-2,27 1, 1,172,5 1172 11 25 2, 1,17-2,5 1,092, 1092 10 26 1,09-2, 1,072,2 1072 22 1,07-2,2 1,172, 1,17-2, 1,092 1,09-2 1,072, 1,07-2, 1,172 1,17-2 1,09- 1,072 1,07-2 1,17- 1,07-

Resumen La comunicación no verbal como habilidad social influye en la motivación estudiantil; por lo tanto, durante el proceso pedagógico, el personal docente debe poseer habilidades interpersonales para emitir comportamientos asertivos, con la finalidad de contar con una escala de medida sobre estilos de comportamiento no verbal. Se organizó los ítems en tres dimensiones: asertivo, agresivo y pasivo. El objetivo fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Inmediatez no Verbal (NVIE) en docentes. Su estudio de enfoque fue cuantitativo, con diseño factorial no-experimental. Se obtuvo la muestra de 150 sujetos, mediante muestreo no probabilístico de una población de 373. Los programas utilizados fueron SPSS.23 y Lisrel. Los resultados arrojaron coeficiente de correlación de Pearson mayores a .30 entre los ítems de sus dimensiones, presentaron medida homogénea entre ellas. Los índices de Alfa de Cronbach de las escalas oscilan desde .60 a .82, lo que evidencia una buena consistencia interna. El análisis exploratorio (AFE) dio una aproximación al modelo con solución para tres factores lo que representa el 67.54% de su varianza. Mediante análisis confirmatorio (AFC) se determinó las semejanzas de las matrices de covariación muestral con la matriz del modelo alternativo sobre los mismos datos, se obtuvieron ajustes satisfactorios para los parámetros (X2-RMSEA-RMR-GFI-AGFI), se corroboró la hipótesis planteada. Se concluye que con la representación gráfica del modelo alternativo-recursivo-NVIE se visualiza la relación causa-efecto de las tres dimensiones, con sus indicadores, al quedar establecido de manera válida y confiable su uso como escala de medida en estudios de estilos de comportamiento no-verbal.

Abstract Nonverbal communication as a social skill influences student motivation; therefore, during the pedagogical process, teaching staff must possess interpersonal skill to emit assertive behavior; in order to have a measurement scale on non-verbal behavioral styles. They items were organized into three dimensions: assertive, aggressive and passive. The objective was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Non-Verbal Immediacy Scale (NVIE) in teachers. Their study approach was quantitative, with a non-experimental factorial design. The sample of 150 subjects was obtained through non-probabilistic sampling of a population of 373.The programs used were SPSS.23 and Lisrel. The results showed a pearsoʹn correlation coefficient greater than .30 between the items of its dimensions, presenting a homogeneous measurement between them. The Cronbachʹs Alpha indices of the scales range from .60 to .82, which shows good internal consistency. The exploratory analysis (EFA) gave an approximation to the model with a solution for three factors representing 67.54% of its variance. Through confirmatory analysis (CFA), the similarities of the sample covariation matrices with the matrix of the alternative model on the same data were determined, obtaining satisfactory adjustments for the parameters (X2-RMSEA-RMR- GFI-AGFI), corroborating the proposed hypothesis. It is concluded that with the graphic representation of the alternative-recursive-NVIE model, the cause-effect relationship of the three dimensions is visualized, with their indicators, establishing in a valid and reliable manner its use as a measurement scale in studies of behavioral styles non verbal.

RESUMEN Introducción: La presencia del miedo a una enfermedad infecciosa desencadena factores psicológicos asociados con el control conductual percibido sobre la aceptación de la vacunación, normas subjetivas de aceptación de la vacunación, actitudes hacia la aceptación de la vacunación y la percepción de la infectividad de la enfermedad. Objetivo: El estudio evaluó cómo los síntomas del miedo a la viruela del mono se relacionan específicamente con la intención de ser vacunado contra la viruela del mono en una muestra de 506 individuos peruanos con una edad promedio de 27,11 años (DE = 9,77). Métodos: Los participantes respondieron a la Escala de Miedo a la Viruela del Mono (MFS) y a un solo ítem de Intención de ser vacunado contra la viruela del mono. Utilizando análisis de redes, se identificaron los síntomas centrales del miedo y las asociaciones entre los síntomas y la intención de vacunarse. Resultados: Los resultados sugieren que el nodo con mayor centralidad fue el ítem 5 de la MFS. En cuanto a la conexión entre la intención de ser vacunado y los ítems de la MFS, se observó una relación directa con el ítem 1 y una relación inversa con el ítem 6. Además, la relación entre estos ítems de la MFS y la intención de vacunarse es mayor en hombres en comparación con mujeres. Si bien se esperaría que una mayor presencia de síntomas de miedo a la viruela del mono llevara a las personas a tener una mayor intención de ser vacunadas contra la enfermedad, los resultados podrían llevar a otros investigadores a generar evidencia para explicar esta relación en otros países de América Latina. Discusión: La evidencia es útil para desarrollar políticas que favorezcan la vacunación contra la viruela del mono en Perú y otros países de América Latina.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The presence of fear of an infectious disease triggers psychological factors associated with perceived behavioral control over vaccination acceptance, subjective norms of vaccination acceptance, attitudes toward vaccination acceptance, and perceived infectiousness from disease. Objective: The study evaluated how symptoms of fear of Monkeypox specifically relate to intention to be vaccinated against Monkeypox in a sample of 506 Peruvian individuals with a mean age of 27.11 years (SD = 9.77). Methods: Participants responded to the Monkeypox Fear Scale (MFS) and a single item of Intention to be vaccinated against Monkeypox. Using network analysis, central fear symptoms and associations between symptoms and intention to vaccinate were identified. Results: The results suggest that the node with the highest centrality was item 5 of the MFS. Regarding the connection between the intention to be vaccinated and the MFS items, a direct relationship was observed with item 1 and an inverse relationship with item 6. In addition, the relationship between these MFS items and intention to vaccinate is higher in men compared to women. While it would be expected that a greater presence of symptoms of fear of Monkeypox could lead people to have a greater intention to be vaccinated against the disease, the results could lead other researchers to generate evidence to explain this relationship in other Latin American countries. Discussion: The evidence is useful for developing policies that favor vaccination against Monkeypox in Peru and other Latin American countries.

RESUMEN El estudio se aproxima a la medición de competencias de alfabetización científica en estudiantes de psicología. La alfabetización científica es una necesidad de la formación universitaria, que permite al estudiante comprender el rol de las ciencias en la cotidianidad y contribuir generando soluciones a los desafíos de la vida social contemporánea. A su vez, la alfabetización científica es clave para la socialización disciplinaria, potenciando la capacidad para posicionarse desde un marco de trabajo interdisciplinario en la investigación en ciencias sociales y del comportamiento. En este artículo, se presentan los resultados del proceso de construcción y validación de una escala para medir competencias de alfabetización científica en estudiantes de psicología en una universidad privada del sur de Chile. Participaron 111 estudiantes de primer a quinto año. Los análisis psicométricos arrojaron cuatro dimensiones para el constructo: autoeficacia en destrezas científicas, acceso al conocimiento científico, aplicabilidad del conocimiento científico y rigurosidad científica y ética. A partir del desarrollo de este instrumento, se destaca la importancia de incentivar la participación activa de estudiantes en actividades de investigación extracurriculares, articular lineamientos vinculados al rigor científico en la formación académica, así como definir y compartir estándares mínimos de exigencia científica entre asignaturas de distintas áreas.

ABSTRACT The study approaches the measurement of scientific literacy competencies in psychology students. Scientific literacy is a necessity in university education, enabling students to understand the role of sciences in everyday life and contribute to generating solutions to contemporary social challenges. Additionally, scientific literacy is key to disciplinary socialization, enhancing the ability to position oneself within an interdisciplinary framework in research in social and behavioral sciences. In this article, the results of the construction and validation process of a scale to measure scientific literacy competencies in psychology students at a private university in southern Chile are presented. A total of 111 first to fifth-year students participated. Psychometric analyses yielded four dimensions for the construct: self-efficacy in scientific skills, access to scientific knowledge, applicability of scientific knowledge, and scientific and ethical rigor. From the development of this instrument, the importance of encouraging students' active participation in extracurricular research activities is highlighted, along with articulating guidelines related to scientific rigor in academic training, as well as defining and sharing minimum scientific standards across subjects in different areas.

Abstract The condom use can be influenced by psychological and sociocultural aspects, which can be modulated by individual’s attitudes. The aim was to propose a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Short-Form Condom Attitude Scale (Short-Form CAS), describing all procedures of translation, transcultural adaptation, and psychometric properties evaluation when applied to undergraduate students. A cross sectional study was conducted among students enrolled at University of São Paulo (USP), Campus Ribeirão Preto (n = 491; 61.2% female; average age: 22 years; standard deviation: four years). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed. A one-factor model with seven items exhibited good factorial validity and reliability, suggesting to be a better factorial solution of the Short-Form CAS in the sample. Few studies have been carried out on the behavioral factors associated with condom use in key populations, which can be exacerbated by a lack of appropriate scales. Therefore, the main contribution of the present study was to propose a simplified and transculturally adapted version of the Short-form CAS with some psychometric properties verified. Since the use of condoms is a component of the study of sexual risk behavior, this scale might be an option to be applied in various Brazilian population segments for this purpose. aspects individuals individual s attitudes ShortForm Short Form CAS, , CAS) translation adaptation USP, USP (USP) n 491 612 61 2 61.2 female age years deviation years. . years) performed onefactor one reliability sample populations scales Therefore Shortform form verified behavior purpose (USP 49 6 61. 4

Resumo O uso de preservativos pode ser influenciado por aspectos psicológicos e socioculturais, que podem ser modulados por atitudes individuais. O objetivo foi propor uma versão em português brasileiro da Short-Form Condom Attitude Scale (Short-Form CAS), descrevendo os procedimentos de tradução, adaptação transcultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas em uma amostra de universitários. Trata-se de estudo transversal com estudantes matriculados na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Campus Ribeirão Preto (n = 491; 61,2% feminino; média de idade: 22 anos; desvio-padrão: quatro anos). Foi realizada análise fatorial confirmatória. O modelo unifatorial com sete itens apresentou boa validade fatorial e confiabilidade, sugerindo ser a melhor solução fatorial para a Short-Form CAS. Há poucos estudos sobre os fatores comportamentais associados ao uso de preservativos em populações-chave, o que pode ser influenciado pela falta de instrumentos. A principal contribuição deste estudo foi propor uma versão simples e adaptada transculturalmente da Short-Form CAS com algumas propriedades psicométricas verificadas. Uma vez que o uso de preservativos é um componente do comportamento sexual de risco, a escala se apresenta como uma nova opção para futuros estudos na população brasileira. socioculturais individuais ShortForm Short Form CAS, , CAS) tradução universitários Tratase Trata USP, USP (USP) n 491 612 61 2 61,2 feminino idade anos desviopadrão desvio padrão desvio-padrão anos. . anos) confirmatória confiabilidade populaçõeschave, populaçõeschave populações chave, chave populações-chave instrumentos verificadas risco brasileira (USP 49 6 61, 4

Resumen Para reducir la propagación del nuevo coronavirus, se adoptaron medidas de aislamiento/distanciamiento social, como el cierre de escuelas y la adopción del aprendizaje remoto. En este escenario, hubo consecuencias para la rutina de los niños, como un mayor tiempo frente a la pantalla y la exposición a medios electrónicos (ME). El objetivo fue verificar si la exposición a diferentes ME alteraría las posibilidades de problemas clínicos emocionales/ conductuales en niños (7-11 años) durante la pandemia de Covid-19, con base en la perspectiva de los responsables. Fueron un total de 277 encuestados, quienes completaron en línea la Ficha de Datos Sociodemográficos, el Formulario de Padres sobre el Uso de Dispositivos Electrónicos (Media Activity Form - Parent Report - MAF-P) y el Inventario de Comportamiento de Niños y Adolescentes (CBCL/6-18), entre el 10 de junio y 10 de agosto de 2020. Se realizaron regresiones logísticas multivariadas teniendo como resultado cada escala de problemas emocionales/conductuales del CBCL/6-18, y como predictor se utilizó el número total de horas en cada ME. Pasar más tiempo en las redes sociales, crear contenido en línea, en aplicaciones de comunicación telefónica y de texto y con fines escolares aumentó las posibilidades de problemas somáticos y de conducta en las puntuaciones clínicas. Pasar más tiempo viendo vídeos en canales de comunicación y accediendo a sitios web de entretenimiento/información redujo las posibilidades de obtener puntuaciones clínicas por problemas de conducta/ emocionales. Es necesario pensar si la postpandemia y el regreso a las actividades presenciales cambiarán la relación entre el tiempo de uso y las posibilidades de problemas a nivel clínico. Además, es necesario pensar en cómo los niños utilizan la ME, sus funciones y contenidos, para desarrollar estrategias de uso en este grupo de edad y manejo parental de esta exposición.

Resumo Para reduzir a propagação do novo coronavírus, medidas de isolamento/ distanciamento social foram adotadas, como fechamento de escolas e adoção de ensino remoto. Nesse cenário, houve consequências à rotina das crianças, como o aumento no tempo de tela e exposição a mídias eletrônicas (ME). Objetivou-se verificar se a exposição a diferentes ME alteraria as chances de problemas emocionais/comportamentais clínicos entre crianças (7-11 anos) durante a pandemia de Covid-19, na perspectiva dos responsáveis. Totalizaram-se 277 respondentes, que preencheram de forma on-line a Ficha de Dados Sociodemográficos, o Formulário dos Pais sobre Uso de Aparelhos Eletrônicos (Media Activity Form - Parent Report - MAF-P) e o Inventário dos Comportamentos de Crianças e Adolescentes (Child Behavior Checklist - CBCL/6-18), entre 10 de junho e 10 de agosto de 2020. Realizaram-se regressões logísticas multivariadas, tendo como desfecho cada escala de problemas emocionais/comportamentais do CBCL/6-18, e como preditor utilizou-se o total de horas em cada ME. Maior tempo em redes sociais, criando conteúdo on-line, em aplicativos de comunicação por texto e ligações, e para fins escolares aumentou as chances em pontuações clínicas em problemas somáticos e de conduta. Já maior tempo visualizando vídeos em canais de comunicação e acessando sites de diversão/ informação diminuiu as chances de pontuações clínicas em problemas comportamentais/emocionais. Deve-se pensar se o pós-pandemia e o retorno presencial às atividades modificarão as relações entre o tempo de uso e as chances de problemas em nível clínico. Além disso, deve-se pensar em como se dá o uso de ME por crianças, suas funções e o conteúdo utilizado, a fim de elaborar estratégias para o uso nessa faixa etária e manejo parental para tal exposição.

Abstract To reduce the spread of the coronavirus, isolation/social distancing measures were adopted, such as closing schools and adopting remote learning. In this scenario, there were consequences to the children’s routine, such as increased screen time and exposure to electronic media (EM). The objective was to verify whether exposure to different EM changes the chances of emotional/clinical behavioral problems among children (7-11 years) during the Covid-19 pandemic, from the perspective of those guardians. A total of 277 respondents filled out the sociodemographic questionnaire, Media Activity Form - Parent Report (MAF-P) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6-18), between June 10th and August 10th, 2020. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed with each scale of emotional/behavioral problems as the outcome, and the total number of hours in each EM was used as a predictor. More time on social media, creating content online, in texting and calling apps, and for school purposes increased the odds in clinical scores for somatic and conduct problems. Longer time watching videos on communication channels and accessing entertainment/information sites decreased the chances of clinical scores on behavioral/emotional problems. One should think about whether the post-pandemic and face-to-face return to activities will modify the relationship between the time of use and the chances of problems at the clinical level. In addition, one should think about how EM is used by children, its functions and the content used, to develop strategies for use in this age group and parental management for such exposure.

Resumen. Antecedentes: La violencia en el noviazgo es un tema que se estudia cada vez más, ya que se relaciona con las etapas iniciales de lo que más tarde podría convertirse en violencia de pareja e incluso violencia intrafamiliar. Se cree que el amor puede causar patrones de comportamiento que eventual mente se convertirán en hábitos. El objetivo: de este estudio es contar con instrumentos válidos y fiables, adaptados a diferentes contextos, para evaluar con precisión y prontitud a las víctimas y agresores, además de orientar una intervención adecuada. Método Trabajamos con 2216 estudiantes universitarios voluntarios de Bolivia que tuvieron al menos una relación de pareja en los últimos doce meses. Se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio para adaptar el DVQ-VP al contexto boliviano. Resultados: Se confirmaron las características psicométricas adecuadas para evaluar la violencia en las relaciones de noviazgo utilizando una versión reducida de 18 ítems en un modelo de cinco factores para las víctimas y una escala de un solo factor para la evaluación de los agresores, que se encontraron invariantes para el sexo. Conclusiones: Se señalan las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio.

Abstract: Background: Dating violence is an increasingly studied subject as it is related to the initial stages of what could later become intimate partner violence and even intrafamily violence. It is believed that love can cause behavioral patterns that will eventually become habits. The objective: of this study is to have valid and reliable instruments, adapted to different contexts, to accurately and promptly evaluate victims and aggressors and guide an appropriate intervention. Method: we worked with 2216 volunteer university students from Bolivia who had at least one relationship in the past twelve months. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to adapt the Dating Violence Questionnaire for Victimization and Perpetration (DVQ-VP) for the Bolivian context. Results: the appropriate psychometric characteristics were confirmed for evaluating violence in dating relationships using a reduced version of 18 items in a five-factor model for victims and a single-factor scale for the evaluation of aggressors, which were found to be invariant for sex. Conclusions: a significant variability was found among the studies, making them less comparable. The implications and limitations of the study are noted.

SUMMARY: Spinal cord injury (SCI) usually arises from compression due to traffic accidents and falls, resulting in varying degrees of movement, sensory loss, and possible paralysis. Glabridin (Gla) is a natural compound derived from licorice. It significantly affects drug development and medicine because of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-tumoral, antibacterial, bone protective, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, liver protective, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic properties. Various methods were employed to administer Gla to SCI mice in order to investigate its impact on the recovery of motor function. The mice were allocated into four cohorts using a randomization procedure. In the sham cohort, solely the lamina of vertebral arch was surgically exposed without causing any harm to the spinal cord tissue. Conversely, the injury cohort was subjected to spinal cord tissue damage and received no treatment thereafter. The mice in the remaining two cohorts received a dosage of 40 mg/kg Gla every two days via either intraperitoneal or intrathecal injection for a duration of 42 d following spinal cord injury. We conducted behavioral tests utilizing the Basso Mouse Scale score and gait analysis techniques. Magnetic resonance imaging and hematoxylin and eosin were employed to evaluate scar tissue formation. Systemic inflammation in mice was evaluated by employing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gla promoted motor function recovery in mice following SCI and improved the pathological environment in the damaged area. These alterations were more evident in mice subjected to the intrathecal injection method. Intraperitoneal injections appear to be more beneficial for controlling systemic inflammatory responses. Although more intensive studies are required, Gla exhibits promising clinical potential as a cost-effective dietary phytochemical.

RESUMEN: La lesión de la médula espinal (LME) generalmente surge de la compresión producto de caídas y accidentes de tránsito, lo que resulta en alteraciones del movimiento, pérdida sensorial y posible parálisis. La Glabridina (Gla) es un compuesto natural derivado del regaliz, constituyéndose en un aporte significativo para el desarrollo de fármacos y la medicina debido a sus propiedades antiinflamatorias, antioxidantes, antitumorales, antibacterianas, osteoprotectoras, cardioprotectoras, neuroprotectoras, hepatoprotectoras, antidiabéticas y contra la obesidad. En el presente trabajo se emplearon varios métodos para administrar Gla a ratones con lesión medular con el fin de investigar su impacto en la recuperación de la función motora. Los ratones fueron distribuidos en cuatro grupos mediante un procedimiento de aleatorización. En el grupo simulado, únicamente se expuso quirúrgicamente la lámina del arco vertebral sin causar ningún daño al tejido de la médula espinal. Por el contrario, el grupo lesionado fue sometido a daño del tejido de la médula espinal, sin recibir tratamiento posterior. Los ratones de los dos grupos restantes recibieron una dosis de 40 mg/kg de Gla cada dos días mediante inyección intraperitoneal o intratecal durante 42 días después de la lesión de la médula espinal. Fueron realizadas pruebas de comportamiento utilizando la puntuación de la escala Basso Mouse y técnicas de análisis de la marcha. Se emplearon imágenes por resonancia magnética y se aplicaron tinciones histológicas (Hematoxilina & Eosina) en muestras para evaluar la formación de tejido cicatricial. La inflamación sistémica en ratones se evaluó mediante el empleo de un ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas. Gla promovió la recuperación de la función motora en ratones después de una lesión medular y mejoró el entorno patológico en el área dañada. Estas alteraciones fueron más evidentes en ratones sometidos al método de inyección intratecal. Las inyecciones intraperitoneales parecen ser más beneficiosas para controlar las respuestas inflamatorias sistémicas. Aunque se requieren estudios más intensivos, Gla exhibe un potencial clínico prometedor como fitoquímico dietético rentable.

Resumen: La intención de comportamiento se ha estudiado desde la teoría de la acción razonada para predecir el comportamiento de los individuos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar y validar una escala para medir la intención de uso del comercio móvil, a partir de las variables de la teoría unificada de aceptación y uso de tecnología como impulsores, y las variables riesgo percibido y tradición como inhibidores. El instrumento fue aplicado en línea a 211 consumidores del estado de Baja California, México. Se utilizó el análisis compuesto confirmatorio para verificar la fiabilidad del instrumento, así como la validez convergente, discriminante, nomológica y predictiva. Se obtuvo un instrumento válido y confiable para medir la influencia de las variables expectativa de rendimiento, influencia social, motivación hedónica, riesgo percibido, condiciones facilitadoras y tradición en la intención de uso del comercio móvil. La escala desarrollada satisface los criterios exigibles a un modelo de medición reflectivo.

Abstract: Behavioral intention has been studied from the theory of reasoned action to predict the behavior of individuals. The objective of this research was to develop and validate a scale to measure the intention to use m-commerce, based on the variables of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology as drivers, and the variables of perceived risk and tradition as inhibitors. The instrument was applied on-line to 211 consumers in the state of Baja California, Mexico. Confirmatory composite analysis was used to verify the reliability of the instrument, as well as convergent, discriminant, nomological and predictive validity. A valid and reliable instrument was obtained to measure the influence of the following variables: performance expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, perceived risk, facilitating conditions and tradition on the intention to use m-commerce. The developed scale meets the criteria required for a reflective measurement model.

Resumen El estudiantado con bajo rendimiento intelectual se caracteriza por presentar alteraciones en distintas áreas del funcionamiento cognitivo, académico y conductual. Por ello es indispensable conocer los perfiles cognitivos para realizar las adecuaciones curriculares pertinentes y lograr un mejor desarrollo en la persona. Con base en lo anterior, el objetivo del presente artículo fue identificar si existía relación entre los niveles de inteligencia y creatividad en un grupo de estudiantes con bajo rendimiento intelectual a partir de una evaluación psicopedagógica que ayudara a determinar sus necesidades educativas. Se trató de una investigación cuantitativa y correlacional en la que participaron 23 estudiantes (M edad 9.04, D. E = 1.51) de tres escuelas primarias públicas de Tlaxcala, México, que fueron remitidos por sus docentes a una evaluación psicopedagógica durante el ciclo escolar 2022-2023. Se aplicaron el Test de Matrices Progresivas de Raven Forma Coloreada, Escala Wechsler de Inteligencia para Niños WISC-IV y la Prueba de Pensamiento Creativo Versión Figural A. En los resultados se encontró que la prueba Raven correlacionó con la dimensión de títulos de la prueba de creatividad (rs = .462*, sig = .027), también se observó que el razonamiento perceptual evaluado con el WISC-IV se asoció con la creatividad total (rs = .498*, sig = .016) y con el indicador de fluidez (rs = .482*, sig = .020). Los resultados anteriores permitieron reconocer el perfil cognitivo del estudiantado y constituyeron la base para las propuestas de intervención dentro del aula de clase.

Abstract Cognitive profile of students with low intellectual performance. Associations between intelligence and creativity. Summary: Students with low intellectual performance are characterized by presenting alterations in different areas of cognitive, academic and behavioral functioning, which is why it is essential to know their cognitive profiles to make curricular adjustments and achieve better development in the individual. Based on the above, the objective of this article was to identify if there is a relationship between the levels of intelligence and creativity in a group of students with low intellectual performance, based on a psychopedagogical evaluation that helps determine their educational needs. This is a quantitative and correlational research. 23 students participated (M age 9.04, SD = 1.51) from three public primary schools located in Tlaxcala, Mexico, who were referred by their teachers to a psycho-pedagogical evaluation during the 2022-2023 school year. The Raven Colored Form Progressive Matrices Test, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children WISC-IV and the Creative Thinking Test Figural Version A were applied. The results found that the Raven test correlated with the titles dimension of the creativity test (rs = .462*, sig = .027), it was also observed that perceptual reasoning evaluated with the WISC-IV was associated with total creativity (rs = .498*, sig = .016) and with the fluency indicator (rs = .482*, sig = .020). The results found that the Raven test correlated with the titles dimension of the creativity test (rs = .462*, sig = .027), it was also observed that perceptual reasoning evaluated with the WISC-IV was associated with total creativity (rs = .498*, sig = .016) and with the fluency indicator (rs = .482*, sig = .020). The previous results allow us to recognize the cognitive profile of the students and serve as a basis for intervention proposals within the classroom.

RESUMEN Autoeficacia es una variable mediadora del cambio conductual en intervenciones psicosociales para el manejo de problemas de salud. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de autoeficacia en la población atendida en hospitales generales y centros de salud de Lima Metropolitana y su relación con problemas mentales comunes y diagnósticos clínicos prevalentes. Material y métodos: Estudio de datos secundarios procedentes del Estudio Epidemiológico de Salud Mental en Hospitales Generales y Centros de Salud en Lima-2015. Se estudió la Escala de Autoeficacia General (EAG) de Schwarzer y Jerusalem y su relación con variables sociodemográficas, especialidades médicas, diagnósticos clínicos frecuentes, y ansiedad, depresión y abuso/dependencia del alcohol. Para el tratamiento de los datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial mediante pruebas de independencia de medias y de correlación. Resultados: El puntaje promedio de la EAG fue 30,89+6,29 y menor en los usuarios de las especialidades de medicina general, psiquiatría y neurología, y en el servicio de psicología. La autoeficacia se relacionó inversamente con la presencia de depresión y ansiedad, y no con abuso/dependencia de alcohol. En los seis diagnósticos clínicos más frecuentes el puntaje EAG, no fue diferente al mostrado por todos los encuestados, excepto en VIH. Conclusiones: La autoeficacia varía según las condiciones sociodemográficas; el promedio de la escala de autoeficacia en la población hospitalaria es menor al reportado en la población general, y es menor en depresión y ansiedad en general que en otras patologías clínicas. Se destaca la conveniencia de intervenciones para fortalecer la autoeficacia de los atendidos en el proceso de tratamiento.

SUMMARY Self-efficacy is a mediating variable of behavioral change in psychosocial interventions for the management of health problems. Objective: To determine the level of self-efficacy in users of general hospitals and peripheral health care centers in Lima and to evaluate its relationship with prevalent mental problems. Methods: Secondary data analysis was carried out from the epidemiologic study of mental health in general hospitals and peripheral health care centers conducted in Lima in 2015. The Schwarzer y Jerusalem’s scale of general self-efficiency (GSE) was used and correlated with socio-demographics and common clinical diagnoses such as anxiety, depression, and alcohol abuse. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: The mean GSE was 30.89 ± 6,29; it was lower in patients attending medical specialties, psychiatry, neurology, and psychology. The self-efficiency inversely correlated with depression and anxiety but not with alcohol abuse. GSE values on patients having the six most common diagnoses were not different but in patients with HIV. Conclusions: Sel-efficacy varies according to socioeconomic status. The mean GSE is lower than reported in the general population and is lowest in patients with anxiety and depression. We reinforce the need to implement interventions to enhance self-efficacy among patients attending the health care system in Lima.