ABSTRACT Periodontitis is an inflammatory clinical condition caused by dysbiotic biofilm that results in progressive destruction of periodontal attachment and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of high-power diode laser as an adjunct to mechanical instrumentation in periodontal pockets of a patient with generalized, stage III, grade C periodontitis. Methods: 126 sites of a patient were examined at the Clinical Research Laboratory (LabClin) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), where the parameters of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BoP) were evaluated at the beginning of the study and after 3 and 6 months of basic therapy. All sites received non-surgical periodontal treatment which corresponds to scaling and root planing (SRP) and coronary polishing. The deep periodontal pockets with PD ≥ 5 mm, received the adjuvant therapy with diode laser light. Results: There was a significant improvement of periodontal parameters of PD, CAL and BoP in all treated sites. In those with PD ≥ 5 mm, the results were similar, with statistically significant reduction of PD, CAL and BoP before and after treatment. After 6 months, all periodontal pockets with PD ≥ 5mm were reduced to values lower than 3. Conclusion: The irradiation of deep pockets with high-power diode laser proved to be effective as adjuvant therapy to SRP in patients with generalized, stage III, degree C periodontitis. untreated Objective highpower high power generalized III periodontitis Methods 12 LabClin (LabClin UFCG, UFCG , (UFCG) (PD) (CAL (BoP nonsurgical non surgical (SRP polishing mm light Results similar Conclusion 1 (UFCG (PD

RESUMO A periodontite é uma condição clínica inflamatória causada por biofilme disbiótico que resulta em destruição progressiva da inserção periodontal e pode levar a perda do dente caso não seja tratada. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia clínica do laser de diodo de alta potência como coadjuvante à instrumentação mecânica em bolsas periodontais de um paciente com periodontite, estádio III, grau C e generalizada. Métodos: Foram examinados 126 sítios de uma paciente, no Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas (LabClin) da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG) onde foram avaliados os parâmetros de profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível de inserção clínica (NIC) e sangramento à sondagem (SS) no início do estudo e após 3 e 6 meses da terapia básica. Todos os sítios receberam tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico o que corresponde a raspagem e alisamento coronorradicular (RACR) e polimento coronário. As bolsas periodontais profundas com PS ≥ 5 mm, receberam a terapia coadjuvante com luz laser de diodo. Resultados: Houve uma melhora significativa dos parâmetros periodontais de PS, NIC e SS em todos os sítios tratados. Nos que apresentavam PS ≥ 5 mm, os resultados foram similares, com redução estatisticamente significativa PS, PIC e SS antes e após a realização do tratamento. Após 6 meses, todas as bolsas periodontais com PS ≥ 5mm foram reduzidas a valores menores que 3. Conclusão: A irradiação de bolsas profundas, com laser de diodo de alta potência, mostrou-se eficaz como terapia coadjuvante à RACR em paciente com periodontite estádio III, grau C, generalizada. tratada Objetivo III generalizada Métodos 12 LabClin (LabClin UFCG (UFCG , (PS) (NIC (SS básica (RACR coronário mm Resultados tratados similares Conclusão mostrouse mostrou se 1 (PS

Abstract Degrees in Rural Education originate from the historical demands of peasant social movements for an education that takes into account peasant sociocultural realities. The study aims to analyze the socio-educational reality of UFPI/CPCE LEdoC students admitted between 2014 and 2018, situating the trajectory of peasants in rural basic education, in order to understand the challenges of remaining in higher education. Regarding the research method and data analysis, a quantitativequalitative approach was used, with an emphasis on participant-type research, since the field of investigation is the same professional locus of activity as the researchers. To collect data, we used focus group techniques carried out with students, a semi-structured questionnaire that was applied to students enrolled in LEdoC. The dialectical method guided the data analysis in a combination between the reality of the subjects, the historical process and its contradictions. It was concluded by stating that the process of denying the right to education to peasants by the State highlights the need for democratization of the university through an academic culture that considers the socio-cultural specificities of peasants and the reality of basic education in the countryside in the dynamics of overcoming educational inequalities, reducing illiteracy in the countryside and expanding the supply, access and retention in higher education. realities socioeducational socio UFPICPCE UFPI CPCE 201 2018 participanttype participant type researchers semistructured semi structured subjects contradictions cultural inequalities supply 20 2

Resumo As Licenciaturas em Educação do Campo são oriundas das reivindicações históricas dos movimentos sociais camponeses por uma educação que contemple as realidades socioculturais campesinas. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar a realidade socioeducacional dos discentes da LEdoC da UFPI/CPCE, ingressos no interstício de 2014 a 2018, situando assim a trajetória dos camponeses no ensino básico do campo, a fim de compreender os desafios da permanência no ensino superior. Com relação ao método da pesquisa e análise dos dados, foi empregada uma abordagem quantiqualitativa, com ênfase na pesquisa tipo participante, pois o campo de investigação é no mesmo lócus profissional de atuação dos pesquisadores. Para coleta de dados, utilizamos técnicas: de grupo focal, realizado com estudantes, e o questionário semiestruturado que foi aplicado com os discentes matriculados no LEdoC. O método dialético orientou a análise dos dados em uma combinação entre a realidade dos sujeitos, o processo histórico e suas contradições. Concluímos, afirmando, que o processo de negação do direto à educação aos camponeses pelo Estado evidencia a necessidade de democratização da universidade, por meio de uma cultura acadêmica. Nessa perspectiva, urge-se considerar as especificidades socioculturais campesinas e realidade do ensino básico do campo: nas dinâmicas de superação das desigualdades educacionais; na redução do analfabetismo no campo; e, por fim, na ampliação da oferta, do acesso e da permanência no ensino superior. UFPICPCE UFPI CPCE UFPI/CPCE 201 2018 superior quantiqualitativa participante pesquisadores técnicas focal estudantes sujeitos contradições Concluímos afirmando universidade acadêmica perspectiva urgese urge se educacionais oferta 20 2

Resumen Las Licenciaturas en Educación Rural se originan en las demandas históricas de los movimientos sociales campesinos por una educación que tenga en cuenta las realidades socioculturales campesinas. El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la realidad socioeducativa de los estudiantes LEdoC de la UFPI/CPCE admitidos entre 2014 y 2018, situando la trayectoria de los campesinos en la educación básica rural, para comprender los desafíos de permanencia en la educación superior. En cuanto al método de investigación y análisis de los datos, se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo-cualitativo, con énfasis en la investigación de tipo participante, ya que el campo de investigación es el mismo locus de actividad profesional de los investigadores. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron técnicas de focus group realizadas con estudiantes, un cuestionario semiestructurado que se aplicó a los estudiantes matriculados en LEdoC. El método dialéctico guió el análisis de los datos en una combinación entre la realidad de los sujetos, el proceso histórico y sus contradicciones. Se concluyó afirmando que el proceso de negación del derecho a la educación a los campesinos por parte del Estado pone de relieve la necesidad de democratización de la universidad a través de una cultura académica que considere las especificidades socioculturales de los campesinos y la realidad de la educación básica en el campo en la dinámica de superar las desigualdades educativas, reducir el analfabetismo en el campo y ampliar la oferta, el acceso y la retención en la educación superior. campesinas UFPICPCE UFPI CPCE 201 2018 rural superior cuantitativocualitativo, cuantitativocualitativo cuantitativo cualitativo, cualitativo cuantitativo-cualitativo participante investigadores sujetos contradicciones educativas oferta 20 2

Resumo: O presente artigo é parte de uma investigação desenvolvida durante o curso de Mestrado em Educação realizado em uma universidade pública da região Sudeste do Brasil. A pesquisa que o originou teve como objetivo identificar e analisar os conhecimentos e os saberes mobilizados por professores da educação básica considerados marcantes por seus alunos. Neste texto, apresentamos as justificativas mencionadas por estudantes do Curso Normal na indicação dos professores que consideraram positivamente marcantes em suas trajetórias escolares. Advinda das Ciências Humanas, a pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, foi submetida e aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e contou, como metodologia, com o preenchimento de um questionário composto por questões fechadas e abertas respondidas por estudantes da 1ª série do Curso Normal Médio de uma escola pública estadual. Mediante o preenchimento do questionário, os estudantes indicaram professores e/ou ex-professores que qualificavam como marcantes, bem como explicitaram as razões pelas quais assim os compreendiam. Os dados apontam a dimensão humana como importante viés na condução da prática docente, com atenção especial para a indissociabilidade entre ensinar bem, valorizar o diálogo e estabelecer relações de afeto. Acreditamos que as análises apresentadas podem contribuir com a ampliação do debate relacionado à prática docente, fornecendo informações que poderão inspirar novos estudos sobre o tema. Resumo Brasil alunos texto escolares Humanas qualitativo contou metodologia ª estadual eou ou exprofessores ex compreendiam docente afeto tema

Abstract: The present study is part of a research developed during the course of a master's degree in education at a public university in the Southeast Region of Brazil. It derives from a research focused on identifying and analyzing the knowledge and know- how mobilized by basic education teachers considered remarkable by their students. In this paper, we present justifications mentioned by the students in indicating the teachers they considered positively remarkable in their school trajectories. Stemming from human sciences and having a qualitative nature, our research was submitted and approved by the Ethics Committee and relied on a questionnaire composed of open and closed questions filled by students of the 1st year of the Teacher Training Course of a public state school. Upon completion, the students indicated teachers and/or former teachers they labelled remarkable and clarified their reasons. Data points out to the human aspect as an important bias in the conduction of the practice, in particular, the inseparability between teaching well, valuing dialogue, and establishing affectionate relationships in everyday school life. We believe that the analyses presented can contribute to the broadening of the debate regarding teaching practice, providing information that may inspire further studies on the subject. Abstract masters master s Brazil know paper trajectories nature st completion andor or reasons practice particular well dialogue life subject

Resumen: Este artículo es parte de una investigación desarrollada durante la Maestría en Educación realizada en una universidad pública de la región Sudeste de Brasil. La averiguación que lo originó tuvo como objetivo identificar y analizar los conocimientos y saberes movilizados por los profesores de educación básica considerados destacados por sus estudiantes. En este texto presentamos las justificaciones mencionadas por los estudiantes del curso de formación docente al recomendar profesores que consideraban positivamente destacados en sus trayectorias educativas. Proveniente de las Ciencias Humanas, la investigación, de carácter cualitativo, fue sometida y aprobada por el Comité de Ética e incluyó, como metodología, la cumplimentación de un cuestionario compuesto por preguntas cerradas y abiertas respondidas por estudiantes del 1º año del curso de formación de una escuela secundaria estatal. Al completar el cuestionario, los estudiantes nominaron a profesores y/o exprofesores que consideraban destacados, además de explicar las razones por las que entendían que lo eran. Los datos señalan la dimensión humana como un sesgo importante en la realización de la práctica docente, con especial atención a la inseparabilidad entre enseñar bien, valorar el diálogo y establecer relaciones de afecto. Creemos que los análisis presentados pueden contribuir y ampliar el debate relacionado con la práctica de los profesores, proporcionando informaciones que pueden inspirar nuevos estudios sobre el tema. Resumen Brasil educativas Humanas cualitativo incluyó metodología º estatal yo o eran bien afecto tema

ABSTRACT This paper aims to describe and analyze the main elements resulting from an investigation aimed at characterizing the demand for undergraduate degrees in higher education in Paraguay, prioritizing the demand over public university education in the districts with headquarters and affiliates of the National University of Itapúa. The study was carried out in the second semester of 2019, assuming the collection of information through a structured questionnaire in representative schools of Itapúa, as an approximation to the intentions of continuing higher education, the chosen careers and the anticipated universities. The data show that the demand for higher education is strongly conditioned by the limited capacity of the basic and secondary education subsystem to retain the entrant population, the inequality of opportunities originated in the social structure, as well as the relationship between places offered, pre-registered and entrants to university degree education. The decentralization of the educational offer by the UNI represents a valid scheme to bring the offers of careers and degrees closer to the population of higher education age in the thirty districts of the Department, although it requires adjustments for its maximization. The results could contribute to decision-making for the continuous improvement of education and the satisfaction of the needs of the population. It is concluded that the decentralization of UNI careers brings study possibilities closer to the population, however, this situation is not enough to reach the entire population with an interest in studying, there are barriers in terms of transportation and economic resources. to cover study costs. It is necessary to systematize the information that serves as a basis for this type of research, and delve into the systematized data, or go in search of new elements that allow us to understand with greater certainty the reason for the data that has just been presented and analyzed.

RESUMEN Este trabajo se propone describir y analizar los principales elementos resultantes de una investigación orientada a caracterizar la demanda de carreras de grado de la educación superior en Paraguay, priorizando la demanda sobre la educación universitaria pública en los distritos con sede y filiales de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el segundo semestre de 2019, suponiendo la colecta de información mediante cuestionario estructurado en colegios representativos de Itapúa, como una aproximación a las intenciones de continuar estudios superiores, las carreras elegidas y las universidades previsualizadas. Los datos muestran que la demanda de educación superior se encuentra fuertemente condicionada por la escasa capacidad del subsistema educativo básico y medio para retener la población ingresante, la des- igualdad de oportunidades originadas en la estructura social, así como de la relación entre cupos ofertados, preinscritos e ingresantes a la educación de grado universitario. La descentralización de la oferta educativa por parte de la UNI representa un esquema válido para acercar las ofertas de carreras y titulación a la población en edad de educación superior en los treinta distritos del Departamento, aunque requiere ajustes para su maximización. Los resultados podrían contribuir a la toma de decisiones para la mejora continua de la educación y con la satisfacción de las necesidades de la población. Se concluye en que la descentralización de las carreras de la UNI acerca las posibilidades de estudio a la población, sin embargo, esta situación no es suficiente para llegar a toda la población con interés de estudiar, existen barreras en cuanto al transporte y los recursos económicos para hacer frente a los costos de estudio. Es necesaria la sistematización de la información que sirva de base a este tipo de investigaciones, y profundizar dentro de los datos sistematizados o bien, ir en busca de nuevos elementos que permitan comprender con mayor seguridad el porqué de los datos que acaban de presentarse y analizarse.

Abstract Describe the development of Labor Practice II. Hydraulic Constructions, in the second year of the Hydraulic Engineering degree in Havana (Technological University of Havana “José Antonio Echeverría” (CUJAE) from 2021 to 2023, is the objective of this article; For this, the assessment issued by the students, the analysis of documents and the criteria of the teachers of the thematic group and the production specialists in the labor entities where the work practice was carried out were taken into account. The research has a qualitative approach, taking into account the selection of a non-probabilistic sample “for convenience”. 247 documents were studied: 83 PL II reports. Hydraulic Constructions, 163 personal work diaries of each student and the “E” study plan. The results are revealed based on the achievement of compliance with the general objectives of the subject, in a professional environment in close relationship with the context. Furthermore, in some way its content is separated into other subjects corresponding to previous study plans, so it constitutes part of the basic training of this professional, and on the other hand, links with the main employing organizations are reinforced. Professional problems framed their solution, in most cases, in the “constructive” mode of action, in harmony with the standards of work protection and hygiene, responsibility, ethics and care and conservation of the environment. Which contributes to the comprehensive training of the student.

Resumen Describir el desarrollo de la Práctica Laboral II. Construcciones Hidráulicas, en el segundo año de la carrera de Ingeniería Hidráulica en La Habana (Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana “José Antonio Echeverría”, Cujae) del 2021 al 2023, es el objetivo de este artículo; para ello se tuvo en cuenta la valoración emitida por los estudiantes, el análisis de documentos, y el criterio de los profesores del colectivo de asignatura y de los especialistas de la producción en las entidades laborales donde se realizó la práctica laboral. La investigación posee un enfoque cualitativo, tuvo en cuenta la selección de una muestra no probabilística “por conveniencia”. Se estudiaron 247 documentos: 83 informes de la PL II. Construcciones Hidráulicas, 163 diarios de obra personal de cada estudiante y el plan de estudio “E”. Los resultados se develan en función del logro del cumplimiento de los objetivos generales de la asignatura, en un ambiente profesional en estrecha relación con el contexto. Además, de alguna manera, su contenido se vio separado en otras asignaturas correspondientes a planes de estudios precedentes, por lo que constituye parte de la formación básica de este profesional, y por otra parte se refuerzan los nexos con los principales organismos empleadores. Los problemas profesionales enmarcaron su solución, en la mayoría de los casos, al modo de actuación de “construcción”, en armonía con las normas de protección e higiene del trabajo, la responsabilidad, la ética, y el cuidado y conservación del medio ambiente, lo que contribuye con la formación integral del estudiante.

Abstract The mastery of fundamental programming concepts and their application in problem solving is identified by university students, teachers, and researchers as a difficult process in the area of computing. The objective of this paper is to present an analysis of the results of the application of a constructionist teaching-learning methodology mediated by the programming environment Scratch. The research was conducted in the subject of Algorithmics taught in the Bachelor’s Degree in Software Engineering offered by the Autonomous University of Yucatan (Uady) at the Tizimin Multidisciplinary Unit, located in Tizimin, Yucatan, Mexico. The study used the quantitative paradigm under an experimental perspective with a longitudinal approach and worked with a non-probabilistic sample, which was made up of all the students who took the aforementioned subject. The results indicate that the implemented teaching and learning methodology is differentiating from the traditional method that had been used, conclusion reached after the statistical analysis of the data obtained, which were evaluated in terms of three aspects: the average of the grades, the pass versus fail rate, and the level of mastery on the subject. Based on the evidence of the study, it is concluded that the proposed pathway is simpler and more effective for the assimilation, appropriation and application of basic programming concepts, which helps students to perform better in the subject of Algorithmics.

Resumen El dominio de los conceptos fundamentales de programación y su aplicación en la solución de problemas es percibido por estudiantes universitarios, docentes e investigadores como un proceso difícil del área de la computación. Por ende, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar un análisis de los resultados de la aplicación de una metodología construccionista de enseñanza y aprendizaje mediada por la herramienta Scratch. La investigación se realizó en la asignatura Algoritmia que se imparte en la licenciatura en Ingeniería de Software ofertada en la Unidad Multidisciplinaria Tizimín. El estudio empleó el paradigma cuantitativo, con una perspectiva experimental y enfoque longitudinal. Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística que estuvo conformada por los alumnos que cursaron la citada materia. Los resultados indican que la metodología de enseñanza y aprendizaje implementada mediante el uso de Scratch es diferenciadora respecto al método tradicional que se venía empleando. Esto se reflejó después del análisis estadístico realizado a los datos obtenidos, los cuales fueron evaluados en función de tres aspectos: el promedio de las calificaciones, la cantidad de aprobados versus reprobados y el nivel de dominio de la asignatura. Con base en las evidencias del estudio se concluye que el camino propuesto es más simple y efectivo para la asimilación, apropiación y aplicación de los conceptos básicos de programación, lo cual ayuda al estudiante a tener un mejor rendimiento en la materia Algoritmia.

Resumo Dominar os conceitos fundamentais de programação e sua aplicação na resolução de problemas é percebido por estudantes universitários, professores e pesquisadores como um processo difícil na área de computação. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise dos resultados da aplicação de uma metodologia construcionista de ensino e aprendizagem mediada pela ferramenta Scratch. A pesquisa foi realizada na disciplina Algoritmos ministrada na graduação em Engenharia de Software oferecida na Unidade Multidisciplinar de Tizimín. O estudo utilizou o paradigma quantitativo, com perspectiva experimental e abordagem longitudinal. Trabalhamos com uma amostra não probabilística composta por alunos que cursaram a referida disciplina. Os resultados indicam que a metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem implementada através do uso do Scratch é diferente do método tradicional que vinha sendo utilizado. Isso se refletiu após a análise estatística realizada dos dados obtidos, que foi avaliada com base em três aspectos: a média das notas, o número de aprovados versus reprovados e o nível de domínio da matéria. Com base nas evidências do estudo, conclui-se que o caminho proposto é mais simples e eficaz para a assimilação, apropriação e aplicação dos conceitos básicos de programação, o que auxilia o aluno a ter melhor desempenho na disciplina de Algoritmos.

RESUMEN Introducción: La enfermedad renal crónica avanzada afecta principalmente a pacientes mayores de 65 años, con cierto grado de fragilidad y dependencia, lo que unido a la alta comorbilidad afecta en gran medida a la calidad de vida de estas personas. Objetivos: Valorar la fragilidad en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada y su efecto sobre la calidad de vida, así como su relación con la dependencia. Material y Método: Se estudiaron 107 pacientes, con una mediana de edad de 74 años (RI=18); 37 mujeres (34,6%). Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal en la consulta de enfermedad renal crónica avanzada del Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Se incluyeron pacientes en estadíos 4-5 sin tratamiento renal sustitutivo previo. Se emplearon los cuestionarios: FRAIL para evaluar la fragilidad; KDQOL-SF, para la valoración de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; y el test de Barthel para establecer el grado de dependencia. Resultados: El 61,3% de los pacientes presentó algún grado de fragilidad y un 26,2% afectación para realizar alguna actividad básica de la vida diaria. La fragilidad se asoció con peor calidad de vida, estando afectadas la mayoría de dimensiones del cuestionario KDQOL-SF, y con dependencia. Las dimensiones del KDQOL-SF más afectadas fueron Situación laboral y Sueño del cuestionario específico y Salud general y Vitalidad del cuestionario genérico. Conclusiones: La fragilidad está presente de forma importante en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada asociándose a peor calidad de vida y mayor grado de dependencia.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Advanced chronic kidney disease primarily affects patients over 65 years old, often with a certain degree of frailty and dependency. This, coupled with high comorbidity, significantly impacts the quality of life for these individuals. Objectives: To assess frailty in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and its impact on quality of life, as well as its relationship with dependency. Material and Method: A total of 107 patients were studied, with a median age of 74 years (IQR=18); 37 were women (34.6%). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the advanced chronic kidney disease clinic of the Nephrology Department at Reina Sofía University Hospital in Córdoba. Patients in stages 4-5 without prior renal replacement therapy were included. The following questionnaires were employed: FRAIL to assess frailty; KDQOL-SF for health-related quality of life assessment; and the Barthel Index to establish the degree of dependency. Results: Some degree of frailty was exhibited in 61.3% of patients, and 26.2% of them had difficulty performing some basic activities of daily living. Frailty was associated with a poorer quality of life, with most dimensions of the KDQOL-SF questionnaire affected, and with dependency. The most affected dimensions of the KDQOL-SF were Employment Status and Sleep from the specific questionnaire and General Health and Vitality from the generic questionnaire. Conclusions: Frailty is significantly present in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, and it is associated with a lower quality of life and a higher degree of dependency.

ABSTRACT The objective of the research is to analyze the digital skills of university professors at a private university in Asunción-Paraguay, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2021. It was based on a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study. 51 undergraduate teachers from a private university located in Asunción were surveyed, for convenience using Google form via WhatsApp in 2021. The inclusion criteria were: active undergraduate teachers, belonging to the institution taken as the subject of study and with participation voluntary. The instrument consisted of three variables, five dimensions and 26 items. The most relevant results were: 94.1% planned their classes, 31.3% knew Moodle and only 17.6% used Zoom before the pandemic. Currently, the degree of knowledge about the use of Zoom (x̄=3.8) and Moodle (x̄=3.6) have had the highest scores, however, the use of Blackboard (x̄=1.4) remains with the highest scores. lower score. It is concluded that it is important that institutions train teachers on the basic and existing office tools from the moment they enter the university. In addition, it should be remembered that the circumstances generated by the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the process of changes in the modality of higher education.

RESUMEN La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las habilidades digitales de los docentes universitarios en una universidad privada de Asunción-Paraguay, antes y durante la pandemia del COVID-19, 2021. Se basó en un estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal y descriptivo. Se encuestó a 51 docentes de carreras de grado de una universidad privada localizada en Asunción, por conveniencia mediante Google form vía WhatsApp en 2021. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: docentes activos de grado, pertenecientes a la institución tomada como sujeto de estudio y con participación voluntaria. El instrumento consistió en tres variables, cinco dimensiones y 26 ítems. Los resultados más relevantes fueron: 94,1% planificaba sus clases, 31,3% conocía Moodle y solo 17,6% empleaba el Zoom antes de la pandemia. Actualmente, el grado de conocimiento sobre el uso del Zoom (x̄=3,8) y Moodle (x̄=3,6) han tenido las mayores puntuaciones, sin embargo, el uso del Blackboard (x̄=1,4) queda con la menor puntuación. Se concluye que es importante que las instituciones capaciten a los profesores sobre las herramientas ofimáticas básicas y existentes desde el momento en que ingresan a la universidad. Además, cabe recordar que las circunstancias generadas por la pandemia del COVID-19 aceleró el proceso de cambios en la modalidad de enseñanza superior.

Abstract: The purpose of this research study is to determine the relationship between emotional competence and cooperative learning of students from a public university in Lima (Peru), in the context of online education, during the first semester of 2022. A basic type study is developed with a correlational descriptive level and a non-experimental design. The population consists of 1150 university students enrolled in the education degree program. Simple random sampling is applied, resulting in a sample of 289 university students who are surveyed via virtual questionnaires. The results show low levels (42.2%) of emotional competence and deficient (40.2%) cooperative learning. In addition, self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills are directly and significantly correlated to cooperative learning. It is concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between emotional competence and cooperative learning, with a high degree of correlation.

Resumen: La presente investigación tiene como finalidad determinar la relación entre las competencias emocionales y el aprendizaje cooperativo de los estudiantes de una universidad pública de Lima (Perú), en el contexto de la educación en línea, durante el primer semestre del año 2022. Se desarrolla un estudio de tipo básico, de nivel correlacional descriptivo y de diseño no experimental. La población se conforma por 1150 estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Educación. Se seleccionan los participantes con un muestreo aleatorio simple, siendo la muestra 289 individuos, a quienes se les aplica cuestionarios de forma virtual. Los resultados evidencian que las competencias emocionales alcanzan un nivel bajo (42.2%) y el aprendizaje cooperativo es deficiente (40.2%). Además, la autoconciencia, la autorregulación, la motivación, la empatía y las destrezas sociales se relacionan de forma directa y significativa con el aprendizaje cooperativo. Se concluye que existe relación directa y significativa entre las competencias emocionales y el aprendizaje cooperativo, siendo el grado de correlación elevado.

Resumen El objetivo principal de este ensayo es abordar los procesos de enseñanza- aprendizaje de escritura en la universidad desde el enfoque de la literacidad académica crítica (Cassany y Castellà, 2010; Cassany, 2015; y Barton y Hamilton, 2004). Esta cuestión se aborda, en particular, a partir de la experiencia propia como docente con profesoras y profesores de educación básica que estudian en la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (UPN), en la Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar y la Maestría en Educación Básica. Se plantea que el problema estriba en que, en la institución universitaria, no se fomentan prácticas de escritura porque no se pondera su carácter y potencial epistémico; es decir, no se considera que en los procesos de escritura también se construyen y se transforman los conocimientos. Actualmente, la enseñanza de la escritura en las instituciones educativas no parte de un enfoque que se ocupe de generar una identidad de autoría en sus estudiantes, que les permita posicionarse, desde sus discursos, frente a su realidad, que considere la escritura como un medio para generar conocimiento y también para transformarlo. Si bien la implementación de acciones a título individual, desde las prácticas de las personas docentes, son importantes, lo son más las institucionales; por ejemplo, reestructurar los programas educativos para que desde lo curricular se enfatice en los procesos de literacidad académica crítica. Algunas preguntas que guían el escrito son: ¿cuáles problemas respecto a la literacidad académica enfrentan las profesoras y los profesores de educación básica que estudian licenciatura y posgrado en la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional?, ¿cómo se han afrontado esas dificultades desde la trayectoria profesional como docente de educación superior? y ¿qué sugerencias se pueden formular para mejorar los procesos de escritura del estudiantado universitario?

Abstract This paper aims to address the teaching-learning processes of writing at the university from the perspective of critical academic literacy (Cassany and Castellà, 2010; Cassany, 2015; and Barton & Hamilton, 2004). This question is addressed based on the investigator's experience as a professor of education teachers who study at the National Pedagogical University (UPN), in the Bachelor's Degree in Preschool Education and the Master's Degree in Basic Education. This research suggests that the problem lies in the fact that writing practices are not encouraged in the university institution, this is because their character and epistemic potential are not considered; in other words, it is not believed that knowledge is also built and transformed in writing processes. Currently, the teaching of writing in educational institutions does not start from an approach that deals with generating an identity of authorship in their students, or that allows them to position themselves from their speeches in front of their reality, it does not even consider writing as a means to generate and transform knowledge. Although the implementation of individual actions from the teachers' practices is relevant, the institutional ones are more so; for example, to restructure the educational programs so that from the curricular the processes of critical academic literacy are emphasized. Some questions that guide this research are: what problems regarding academic literacy do basic education teachers who study undergraduate and postgraduate studies at the National Pedagogical University face? How have they faced these difficulties in their professional career as a higher education teacher? And, what suggestions can be made to improve the writing processes of university students?

SUMMARY Network theory is beginning to be discussed in the framework of educational Sciences. Network analysis can help visualize the hidden curricular structure of different university careers, recognizing weak links or disconnections. However, at present there are few precedents of practical applications in the curricular diagnosis of university degrees. This work studies the curricular relationships between curricular spaces of an agronomic engineering degree, applying the network theory. Relationships were quantified between curricular spaces, identifying the strength of the links between them at a horizontal and vertical axis, in spaces of knowledge axes and knowledge cycles, analyzing the extent of content recursivity based on their programs. The curricular spaces from the superior cycles are better interrelated than those from the lower cycles. The nodal curricular spaces are those with the largest number of internal and external links. Consolidation areas tend, in general, to the integration of knowledge. It is suggested to strengthen horizontal and vertical links among curricular spaces, especially in the basic cycles, either directly or through nodal curricular spaces, incorporating common activities or linking common practical contents.

RESUMEN La teoría de redes comenzó a discutirse en el marco de las Ciencias de la Educación. El análisis de redes contribuye a visualizar la estructura oculta de los planes de estudio de diferentes carreras universitarias, reconociendo puntos débiles o desconexiones. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, existen escasos antecedentes de aplicaciones prácticas para el diagnóstico de planes de estudio de carreras universitarias. En este trabajo, se estudian las relaciones curriculares en la carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, aplicando la teoría de redes. Se cuantificaron las relaciones entre espacios curriculares, identificando la fortaleza de los vínculos entre ellos, a nivel horizontal y vertical, en espacios de ejes de conocimiento y ciclos de conocimiento, analizando el grado de recursividad de los contenidos a partir de sus programas. Los espacios curriculares de los ciclos superiores se encuentran mejor interrelacionados que los de los ciclos inferiores. Los espacios curriculares nodales son los de mayor número de vínculos internos y externos. Las áreas de consolidación propenden, en general, a la integración de conocimientos. Se sugiere fortalecer vínculos horizontales y verticales entre espacios curriculares, especialmente en los ciclos básicos, ya sea de manera directa, o bien, a través de espacios curriculares nodales, incorporando actividades comunes o vinculando contenidos prácticos en común.

RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación y el desarrollo de habilidades blandas en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Trujillo. El estudio se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, de tipo básica y nivel correlacional. La muestra fue censal constituida por 114 estudiantes de una universidad privada de Trujillo, Perú, de la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial. La técnica utilizada fue la encuesta y como instrumento se utilizaron dos cuestionarios, los cuales fueron validados mediante el juicio de expertos y la confiabilidad se determinó mediante el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes lograron un nivel medio en el uso de TIC 60.53% (69) y las habilidades blandas lograron un nivel medio con 66.67% (76). Se concluye que, existe una relación significativa entre el uso de TIC y las habilidades blandas de los estudiantes de una universidad privada de Trujillo con p-valor < 0.05, y el coeficiente de correlación Rho fue de 0.725, indica que la relación es directa y alta.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the relationship between the use of information and communication technologies and the development of soft skills in students of a private university in Trujillo. The study was developed under the quantitative approach, non-experimental design, basic type and correlational level. The sample was census made up of 114 students from a private university in Trujillo, Peru, from the Industrial Engineering degree. The technique used was the survey and two questionnaires were used as an instrument, which were validated by expert judgment and reliability was determined by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The results indicate that the students achieved a medium level in the use of ICT 60.53% (69) and soft skills achieved a medium level with 66.67% (76). It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the use of ICT and the soft skills of the students of a private university in Trujillo with p-value < 0.05, and the Rho correlation coefficient was 0.725, indicating that the relationship is direct and high.

Abstract The most basic axis of a society’s economic and social growth is health, and social capital is a major factor in determining that development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate, among the student body of Iran University of Medical Sciences, the connection that exists between social capital and overall health. This study used a descriptive-analytical approach to cross-sectional research. Students attending the Iran University of Medical Sciences constituted the statistical population. The approach developed by Cochran was used to pick 367 students at random. The demographic information form, two versions of the Delaviz Social Capital Questionnaire (2006), and Goldberg and Hiller’s General Health Questionnaire (1979), served as the data collection tools. Using Cronbach’s alpha test, the reliability of the first two sets of questionnaires was determined to be 0.73 and 0.78, respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and regression after being loaded into SPSS version 22. It was shown that general health was significantly related to the factors of gender, location of living, and degree of education (p < 0.05). It was shown via the use of regression that there is a statistically significant association between social capital and the two dimensions of group involvement and relationships in networks. These two dimensions had the biggest influence on general health and explained 39% of its variations. The overall health of students was not significantly affected by factors such as age, educational level, or marital status (p > 0.05). It is feasible to improve students’ overall health if social capital is increased, more students are encouraged to participate in group projects, and students’ ties with one another inside and outside their networks are expanded.

Resumo A saúde é o eixo mais básico do desenvolvimento económico e social da sociedade, que é influenciado pelo capital social. O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar a relação entre capital social e saúde pública entre estudantes da Universidade de Ciências Médicas do Irão. A investigação atual foi um estudo descritivo-analítico transversal. A população estatística foram os estudantes da Universidade de Ciências Médicas do Irão; ou seja 367 pessoas foram selecionadas aleatoriamente pelo método de Cochran. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram ficha de informações demográficas e dois questionários de capital social de Delaviz (2006) e saúde geral de Goldberg e Hiller (1979), cuja confiabilidade foi obtida por meio do teste alfa de Cronbach de 0,73 e 0,78, respetivamente. Os dados foram digitados no software SPSS-22 e analisados com estatística descritiva e testes estatísticos e de regressão. As seguintes variáveis: sexo, local de residência e escolaridade apresentaram relação significativa com a saúde geral (p < 0,05). Utilizando a regressão entre capital social e saúde pública, foi obtida uma relação estatisticamente significativa, e as duas dimensões de participação de grupo e relações em rede tiveram o maior impacto na saúde pública e revelaram 39% das suas alterações. Não foi observada qualquer relação significativa entre idade, local de estudo e estado civil com a saúde geral dos estudantes (p > 0,05). É possível aumentar a saúde geral dos estudantes através do aumento do capital social e da ênfase no aumento da participação dos estudantes no trabalho de grupo e no aumento das suas relações inter-redes.

The screen research established as an objective to identify which discussions have been mobilized in the curricular component Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations (ERER) during the initial training process of Science and Biology teachers at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). The methodological walk is characterized as a qualitative approach guided by a case study developed at UFRPE as a pioneering federal public university in northeastern Brazil whose ERER was institutionalized as a mandatory component in degree courses. Data were collected through documental analysis of Teaching Plans of Teachers-Trainers, semi-structured interviews with them, as well as application of questionnaires with undergraduate students in Biological Sciences; and submitted to content analysis through its triangulation. As main results, we identified that the discussions mobilized in that course transit through contents that we organize in the following structuring axes of the studies around the ERER: Formation of Brazilian identities; Ethnic plurality of the Northeast and Pernambuco; Black and Indigenous Social Movements and Education; Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations in contemporary times and, finally, the ERER Concepts axis. Therefore, we consider that the discussions proposed in the moments of study during this stage of teacher training provide the basis for a Critical Ethnic-Racial Education for Science teaching that will be effective in teaching practice in the context of Basic Education, something that breaks with the practices mistaken pedagogical practices that go against the proposition of an anti-racist Science Education.

La investigación pantalla estableció como objetivo identificar qué discusiones han sido movilizadas en el componente curricular Educación de las Relaciones Étnico-Raciales (ERER) durante el proceso de formación inicial de profesores de Ciencias y Biología de la Universidad Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). El paseo metodológico se caracteriza como un abordaje cualitativo guiado por un estudio de caso desarrollado en la UFRPE como universidad pública federal pioneira cuya ERER fue institucionalizada como componente obligatorio en las carreras de grado. Los datos fueron recolectados a través del análisis documental de los Planes de Enseñanza de los Formadores de Profesores, de entrevistas semiestructuradas con ellos, así como de la aplicación de cuestionarios con estudiantes de graduación en Ciencias Biológicas; y sometidos al análisis de contenido a través de su triangulación. Como principales resultados, identificamos que las discusiones movilizadas en ese curso transitan por contenidos que organizamos en los siguientes ejes estructurantes de los estudios en torno al ERER: Formación de identidades brasileñas; Pluralidad étnica del Nordeste y Pernambuco; Movimientos Sociales Negros e Indígenas y Educación; La Educación de las Relaciones Étnico-Raciales en la contemporaneidad y, por último, el eje Conceptos ERER. Por tanto, consideramos que las discusiones propuestas en los momentos de estudio durante esta etapa de formación docente sientan las bases para una Educación Étnico-Racial Crítica para la enseñanza de las Ciencias que será efectiva en la práctica docente en el contexto de la Educación Básica, algo que rompe con las prácticas pedagógicas equivocadas que van en contra del planteamiento de una Educación en Ciencias antirracista.

A pesquisa em tela estabeleceu enquanto objetivo identificar quais discussões têm sido mobilizadas no componente curricular Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais (ERER) durante o processo de formação inicial de professores/as de Ciências e Biologia na Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). A caminhada metodológica se caracteriza como sendo de abordagem qualitativa guiada por um estudo de caso desenvolvido na UFRPE enquanto universidade pública federal pioneira do nordeste brasileiro cuja ERER foi institucionalizada enquanto componente obrigatório nos cursos de licenciatura. Os dados foram coletados por meio da análise documental de Planos de Ensino de Docentes-Formadores/as, entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com eles/as, como também, aplicação de questionários com licenciandos/as em Ciências Biológicas; e submetidos a análise de conteúdo através de sua triangulação. Enquanto principais resultados identificamos que as discussões mobilizadas no referido curso transitam por meio de conteúdos que organizamos nos seguintes eixos estruturantes dos estudos em torno da ERER: Formação das identidades brasileiras; Pluralidade étnica do Nordeste e de Pernambuco; Movimentos Sociais Negros e Indígenas e a Educação; Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais na contemporaneidade e, por fim, o eixo Conceitos da ERER. Portanto, consideramos que as discussões propostas nos momentos de estudo durante essa etapa da formação docente propiciam a fundamentação de uma Educação Étnico-Racial Crítica para o ensino de Ciências que se efetivará na prática docente no contexto da Educação Básica, algo que rompe com as práticas pedagógicas equivocadas que caminham em contramão da proposição de uma Educação em Ciências antirracista.

Abstract Purpose: This paper aims to provide empirical evidence for using the prospect theory (PT) basic assumptions in the Argentine context. Mainly, this study analysed the financial decision-making process in students of the economic-administrative academic area of two universities, one public and one private, in Córdoba. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis methodology included (1) the descriptive statistical analysis to identify the presence of the certainty, reflection and isolation effects; (2) the construction of a set of indicators on the application of the PT; (3) the chi-squared independence test, to determine if the decisions made are independent of the degree course taken; (4) the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, to determine if the decisions made by individuals vary according to the semesters taken or students' levels of progress; and (5) the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test, to determine if there are differences between the decisions made by men and women. Findings: The empirical results provided evidence on the effects of certainty, reflection and isolation in both universities, concluding that the study participants make financial decisions in situations of uncertainty based more on PT than on expected utility theory. Originality/value: This study contributes to the empirical evidence in a different Latin-American context, confirming that individuals make financial decisions based on the PT independently of their degree course, semester, level of advance, gender or the kind of university where they belong (public or private).