Die prosesse wat gebruik word om onroerende eiendom van verkoper na koper in Suid-Afrika oor te dra, is verouderd en nie outomaties nie. Dokumente in papierformaat verhoog die risiko vir bedrog en wanvoorstellings. Hierdie artikel oorweeg die implementering van 'n wolkgebaseerde, gesentraliseerde databasis met eiendomsaanvoerkettingvennote, om deursigtigheid, omkeertyd en sekuriteit te verbeter, terwyl die risiko en koste geminimaliseer word. Die digitalisering van eiendomsprosesse sou lei tot die dematerialisering van die titelbewys, en nie bloot outomatisering van die papiergebaseerde stelsel nie. Die kwalitatiewe navorsing was verkennend, en halfgestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met rolspelers betrokke by eiendomsoordragte in Suid-Afrika. Dit het die Suid-Afrikaanse Reserwebank, die Departement van Landbou, Grondhervorming en Landelike Ontwikkeling, die Prokureursorde van Suid-Afrika, verbandopstellers, Die Bankvereniging, die Departement van Binnelandse Sake, die registrateur van die aktekantoor, die landmeter-generaal, munisipaliteite, sagtewaremaatskappye, die Nasionale Tesourie, Suid-Afrika se Sentrale Sekuriteitebewaarplek, sowel as die Tshwane Munisipaliteit se Raad, ingesluit.

The processes used to transfer immovable property from a seller to a buyer in South Africa are outdated and not digitised. Paper-based documents increase the risk of fraud and misrepresentation. This study considered the implementation of a cloud-based centralised database for property supply chain partners to enhance transparency, turnaround times, and security while minimising risks and costs. Digitalised property processes would result in title deeds' dematerialisation and not merely the automation of the paper-based system. This qualitative study was exploratory, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with role-players involved with property transfers in South Africa. These included the South African Reserve Bank, the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, the Law Society of South Africa, mortgage originators, The Banking Association, the Department of Home Affairs, the Registrar of each Deeds Office, the Surveyor General's office, municipalities, software companies, National Treasury, South Africa's Central Securities Depository (Strate Ltd), and the Tshwane Mettropolitan Municipal Council.

Resumen: En el escenario competitivo del sector bancario, las actividades de marketing y branding se han convertido en un elemento crucial para el éxito a largo plazo de las instituciones financieras. Desde la gestión del brand equity, la confianza y la lealtad son esenciales, no solo en los procesos operativos con los usuarios, sino en la consolidación de la marca como un activo estratégico. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la multidimensionalidad del brand equity para el sector bancario desde la perspectiva de la generación Z. Se desarrolla un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, analítico y de corte transversal, utilizando el análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio a partir de un instrumento aplicado de forma on line a personas pertenecientes a este segmento generacional. Los hallazgos infieren que el brand equity en el sector bancario dirigido a la generación Z está conformado por las siguientes dimensiones: fidelidad e importancia de la marca (FIM), calidad percibida (CP), asociación de marca (AM), rendimiento de la marca (RM) y conciencia de la marca (CM). Se concluye que el sector bancario debe seguir consolidando su brand equity como actividad estratégica a partir de dichas dimensiones, fortaleciendo el posicionamiento de sus marcas, su participación y su orientación al mercado, garantizando el entendimiento de las necesidades, deseos y comportamientos de la generación Z.

Abstract: In the competitive scenario of the banking sector, marketing and branding activities have become a crucial element for the long-term success of financial institutions. From the perspective of brand equity management, trust and loyalty are essential, not only in the operational processes with users, but also in the consolidation of the brand as a strategic asset. The aim of this research was to analyse the multidimensionality of brand equity for the banking sector from the perspective of Generation Z. A quantitative, analytical, and cross-sectional study was carried out, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis based on an instrument applied online to people belonging to this generational segment. The findings infer that brand equity in the banking sector aimed at Generation Z is made up of the following dimensions: brand loyalty and importance (BLI), perceived quality (PQ), brand association (BA), brand performance (BP) and brand awareness (BA). It is concluded that the banking sector must continue to consolidate its brand equity as a strategic activity based on these dimensions, strengthening its brand positioning, market share and market orientation, ensuring an understanding of the needs, desires, and behaviours of Generation Z.

Resumen: La investigación, con enfoque epistemológico cuantitativo y el paradigma positivista, tiene como objetivo definir la relación entre el marco regulatorio del sector financiero ecuatoriano y las condiciones de financiamiento a las pymes. Esta fue de tipo descriptivo-correlacional, permitiendo realizar un análisis descriptivo y factorial de variables vinculadas al conocimiento y aplicación de leyes y códigos regulatorios de 54 oficiales de crédito del sector bancario de El Oro, Ecuador. Se identificaron dos dimensiones: una relacionada con el marco regulatorio monetario y otra con códigos orgánicos. Las encuestas señalan que las leyes más aplicadas son: Ley General de Instituciones del Sector Financiero y Ley de Compañías. La primera regula la creación, funcionamiento y cierre de instituciones financieras privadas para proteger a la población y asegurar la estabilidad financiera; su cumplimiento es supervisado por la Superintendencia de Bancos. La segunda simplifica el proceso de constitución de empresas, permitiendo diversos tipos de compañías y flexibilidad en su estructura. Las regulaciones bancarias ecuatorianas han experimentado reformas para fortalecer la solidez y transparencia del sistema, como la Ley de Mercado de Valores y la Ley de Instituciones del Sistema de Seguros Privados, que contribuyen a la estabilidad, regulación, protección al consumidor financiero y promoción de la competencia, generando condiciones de financiamiento favorables, que incluyen confianza, tasas de interés competitivas y amplias opciones financieras.

Abstract: The research, with a quantitative epistemological approach and the positivist paradigm, aims to define the relationship between the regulatory framework of the Ecuadorian financial sector and the financing conditions for SMEs. This was of a descriptive-correlational type, allowing a descriptive and factorial analysis of variables linked to the knowledge and application of laws and regulatory codes of 54 credit officers from the banking sector of El Oro, Ecuador. Two dimensions were identified: one related to the monetary regulatory framework and another with organic codes. Surveys indicate that the most applied laws are: General Law of Financial Sector Institutions and Companies Law. The first regulates the creation, operation and closure of private financial institutions to protect the population and ensure financial stability; Its compliance is supervised by the Superintendency of Banks. The second simplifies the business incorporation process, allowing various types of companies and flexibility in their structure. Ecuadorian banking regulations have undergone reforms to strengthen the soundness and transparency of the system, such as the Securities Market Law and the Law of Institutions of the Private Insurance System, which contribute to stability, regulation, financial consumer protection and promotion of competition, generating favorable financing conditions, which include confidence, competitive interest rates and broad financial options.

Abstract This paper demonstrates, using a panel data model, that mainly firm-specific (microeconomic) versus macroeconomic variables affect the long-run profitability of a group of banks in Mexico in the pre- and COVID-19 periods. Interbank deposit, deposit rate, bank size, size of non-performing loan portfolio, delinquency, operating expenses, traditional deposit, salary, unemployment, and interest rate have statistical influence on bank profitability, but this relationship changes in the COVID-19 period. These results can be useful in the decisions of the different areas of banks, as well as for the design of public policies aimed at maintaining the stability of the banking system.

Resumen Este artículo demuestra, mediante un modelo para datos organizados en panel, que principalmente las variables específicas de empresa (microeconómicas) versus las macroeconómicas afectan la rentabilidad en el largo plazo de un grupo de bancos en México, en el periodo previo y en el de COVID-19. La captación interbancaria, la tasa pasiva, el tamaño del banco, el tamaño de la cartera vencida, la morosidad, los gastos de operación, la captación tradicional, el salario, el desempleo y la tasa de interés tienen influencia estadística en la rentabilidad de los bancos, pero esta relación cambia en el periodo de COVID-19. Estos resultados pueden ser útiles en las decisiones de las distintas áreas de los bancos, así como para el diseño de políticas públicas encaminadas a mantener la estabilidad del sistema bancario.

RESUMEN Los cambios vertiginosos que se vienen dando en las últimas décadas repercuten en la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores y ello tiene implicancia directa con la productividad en las empresas, de manera específica en los negocios, las cuales han tenido que implementar estrategias de motivación e integración en sus colaboradores. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar la relación que tiene la satisfacción laboral y productividad del área comercial de CMAC Piura (Lima-Perú), 2022, en este estudio se trabajó con un enfoque cuantitativo- no experimental siendo de tipo de corte transversal y teniendo un alcance descriptivo correlacional. La población y muestra fue de 42 encuestados del área de negocios de Lima Sur siendo muestra censal. El coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach para satisfacción laboral fue de “0.91” y en productividad fue de “0.84. Los resultados de la estadística inferencial arrojaron que existe una correlación positiva media con un “Rho de Spearman” de “0.574”, el grado de significancia para esta prueba fue de (p=,000 < α=0,05). Se concluyó que se debe mejorar la satisfacción laboral en el área de negocios para que este factor no perjudique a la productividad de la empresa.

ABSTRACT The vertiginous changes that have been taking place in recent decades have an impact on the job satisfaction of workers and this has direct implications for productivity in companies, specifically in business, which have had to implement motivation and integration strategies in their employees. The objective of this research was to study the relationship between job satisfaction and productivity in the commercial area of CMAC Piura (Lima-Peru), 2022, in this study we worked with a quantitative-non-experimental approach, being of a cross-sectional type and having a correlational descriptive scope. The population and sample was 42 respondents from the business area of South Lima being a census sample. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for job satisfaction was "0.91" and in productivity it was "0.84. The results of the inferential statistics showed that there is a mean positive correlation with a "Spearman's Rho" of "0.574", the degree of significance for this test was (p=.000 < α=0.05). It was concluded that job satisfaction in the business area must be improved so that this factor does not harm the productivity of the company.

Abstract: In March 1910, the governor of Aguascalientes contracted the Development and Real Estate Banking Company to renovate the potable water distribution system in the state capital, with a 1.3-million-peso loan from the Mexican Central Bank to pay for the project. Work was completed between April and May 1911, at the same time as the Porfirian regime collapsed. Through archival documentation and periodical sources, this article traces the origins of these contracts, how they ended up in the company’s hands, the revolutionary government’s refusal to recognize them in February 1912 and the pressure on the local authorities by the company’s lobbyists. It also engages in comparative regional history through an analysis of developments in Pue bla, Querétaro and Oaxaca, states in which the Banking Company, the Mexican Central Bank and affiliated companies also engaged in the construction of new sanitary and water supply systems. It follows the trail of the bonds issued by the government of Aguascalientes, which were allegedly sold on the Paris Bourse, but which never actually left the bank’s safe. The unfortunate end to this business in Aguascalientes was one of the factors that led to the collapse of the Banking Company and the Mexican Central Bank in late 1913.

Resumen: En marzo de 1910, el gobernador de Aguascalientes contrató con la Compañía Bancaria de Fomento y Bienes Raíces la renovación del sistema de abasto de agua potable de la capital del estado y con el Banco Central Mexicano un préstamo de 1.3 millones de pesos para pagar las obras. Los trabajos se entregaron entre abril y mayo de 1911, al mismo tiempo que caía el régimen porfiriano. A partir de documentación de archivo y material hemerográfico, este artículo rastrea los orígenes de esos contratos, la forma en que acabaron en manos de la Compañía Bancaria, su desconocimiento por el gobierno maderista en febrero de 1912 y las grandes presiones a que fueron sometidas las autoridades locales por los cabilderos de la Bancaria. Se propone también un ejercicio de historia regional comparada, a partir de lo que sucedió en Puebla, Querétaro y Oaxaca, entidades en las que la Bancaria, el BCM y las empresas a ellos ligadas intervinieron también en la construcción de nuevos sistemas de sanidad y abasto de agua. Al final, se le sigue la pista a los bonos emitidos por el gobierno de Aguascalientes, que supuestamente fueron vendidos en la Bolsa de París, pero que en realidad nunca salieron de la caja fuerte del banco. Los pésimos términos en los que concluyó el negocio que emprendieron en Aguascalientes es uno de los factores que explican la ruina de la Compañía Bancaria y el BCM, que se consumó a fines de 1913.

RESUMO Em um cenário de várzea amazônica com fluxos fluviais, o estudo analisa a articulação da Atenção Básica com a Atenção Especializada, buscando discutir as condições políticas e geográficas que impactam na conformação da rede assistencial em uma região de saúde na Amazônia Ocidental. Adotouse uma combinação de estratégias metodológicas: levantamento de indicadores de morbidade e da rede de saúde, mapeamento dos trajetos intermunicipais, levantamento de despesas em Ações e Serviços Públicos de Saúde e entrevistas com gestores. O município de Tefé concentra serviços bancários, poder judiciário, educacional, órgãos de controle e segurança que lhe conferem uma centralidade de funções. Contudo, a saúde não considera os fluxos existentes no território para definição de quais municípios têm Tefé como referência. A defasagem dos dados nos sistemas de informação em saúde, aliada a ausência do ente estadual no planejamento regional de saúde, apoio para provimento de profissionais especializados, pagamento de insumos e organização do fluxo de referência-contrarreferência na rede têm sido desafios para planejar integralidade da atenção na região, sobrecarregando o município-polo. Apesar do aumento progressivo de despesas em saúde nos municípios analisados, a oferta de serviço para além da Atenção Básica permanece sendo um desafio para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) na Amazônia.

ABSTRACT In an Amazonian floodplain scenario with river flows, the study analyzes the articulation of Primary Care with Specialized Care, seeking to discuss the political and geographical conditions that impact on the formation of the care network in a health region in the Western Amazon. A combination of methodological strategies was adopted: survey of morbidity indicators and the health network, mapping of intercity routes, survey of expenses in Public Health Actions and Services and interviews with managers. Tefé concentrates banking services, judiciary branch, education and security bodies that give it a centrality of functions. However, health does not consider existing flows in the territory to define which municipalities have Tefé as a health reference. Outdated data in the health information systems, combined with the absence of the state government in the regional health planning, support to provide specialized professionals, payment for supplies and the organization of referral-counter-referral flow in the network have been challenges for integrality of the attention in the region, overloading the hub municipality. Despite the progressive increase in health expenses in the analyzed municipalities, the provision of services beyond Primary Care remains a challenge for the Unified Health System (SUS) in the Amazon.

BACKGROUND: Online banking gained prominence during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as an alternative to traditional banking. However, limited studies have explored online banking acceptance in South Africa OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the factors that influence online banking acceptance among South Africans in a context where use is limited METHOD: Thematic content analysis examined 113 Google user reviews from South Africans using an exclusive online bank. Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 3 (UTAUT3) was used as a theoretical framework, analysing factors such as performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), facilitating conditions (FC), hedonic motivation (HM), price value (PV), trust, perceived risk (PR), habit, and social influence RESULTS: Seven UTAUT3 constructs influenced online banking acceptance and use in South Africa during the pandemic: PE, EE, FC, HM, PV, trust, and PR. The influence of habit and social influence was not evident CONCLUSION: Understanding factors influencing online banking acceptance in South Africa is crucial for policymakers and institutions. Addressing information communication technology challenges can enhance accessibility and benefits, promoting financial inclusion, and empowerment CONTRIBUTION: This research fills the gap by examining online banking acceptance in South Africa. Findings inform interventions and policies to improve access and adoption. Practical implications extend to institutions and policymakers, fostering financial inclusion

ORIENTATION: The concept of happiness at work has attracted increasing interest, and research shows that employee performance does not only depend on skills and abilities. Job satisfaction or career happiness also plays an important role. When employees are satisfied with their careers, they are more likely to be motivated, engaged and committed to their work, which leads to better performance RESEARCH PURPOSE: To investigate the factors that determine the career happiness of employees who are working in the banking sector in Oman, and identify the factors that influence career happiness MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Career happiness in Oman's banking sector is a crucial and new topic. This study aims to identify causes and improve performance for researchers and practitioners RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: The study relies on quantitative methods, using a survey gathered electronically from 144 respondents from different banks operating in Oman. The survey has eight major aspects with questions for each aspect. Data are analysed using various statistical methods, including descriptive analysis, independent sample tests, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons MAIN FINDINGS: The study found that line manager and colleagues are the top factors influencing career happiness, followed by working days, work environment, job security and financial incentives. No differences were found on gender or educational level PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: This research explores factors influencing career happiness in the banking sector, providing insights for managers to create a positive work environment, boosting employee performance and contributing to the growth and success of the Oman banking sector CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: This study provides specific determinant factors affecting the career happiness of employees working in banking sectors in Oman. Both human resources researchers and practitioners could benefit from the research findings

BACKGROUND: Gains in improving bank efficiency have widely been regarded as one of the most effective means of ensuring sustainability in a financial system. AIM: It is proposed in this article to measure monetary policy impulses and the dynamic panel data model to examine the linear relationship. SETTING: The nexus between financial structure and monetary policy impulses is analysed, considering 21 sub-Saharan African (SSA) nations during the time period from 2011 to 2022 METHOD: The Vector Autoregressive (VAR) analysis is employed to measure monetary policy impulses and the dynamic panel data model to examine the linear relationship. RESULTS: A significant positive association between competition in the banking system and monetary policy impulses was found. Monetary policy impulses are inversely and significantly related to financial development. Also, the size of the central bank has a significant positive influence on the effectiveness of monetary policy. CONCLUSION: The financial structure has a significant role to play in the monetary transmission mechanism and credit markets help propagate and amplify shocks to the macro-economy. CONTRIBUTION: The relationship between financial structure and monetary policy is not a one-way street as these variables tend to influence one another. Empirical literature on the subject is not very recent and come to differing conclusions, hence the rationale for conducting this article in SSA, employing both the structural VAR model and the dynamic panel data model.

BACKGROUND: The banking sector provides online banking to offer their customers convenient and easy access to banking services. As most banking services are nowadays performed online, alarming fraudulent activities occur daily. The online banking frauds are increasingly and commonly being experienced globally and are damaging to both banks and customers. OBJECTIVES: The goal of the study was to investigate issues in online fraud detection in the banking sector from South Africa and Spain. METHOD: The study followed the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology. Data were collected through the qualitative approach particularly using focus groups and semi-structured interviews. The study followed non-probability sampling since it focussed on a specialised area of online fraud model. In total, the population size consisted of 17 participants, which included fraud technical managers, fraud investigator specialists, fraud technical specialists and data scientists RESULTS: In the South African context, the study established that there is a lack of online fraud experts in the banking sector. The findings reveal that the lack of online fraud expertise may lead to banks having weak detection systems. In the Spanish perspective, the study revealed that there is a lack of law regulation that poses a high risk. CONCLUSION: Given the lack of online fraud experts in the banking sector, banks are urged to acquire and develop online fraud expertise. Online banking technology is developing expeditiously than traditional transactions; therefore, regulations and policies need to be updated regularly to keep up with rapidly evolving technological changes. CONTRIBUTION: Considering the significance of global online banking, the study suggested areas that the banking sector may investigate to develop and enhance online fraud detection models to combat online fraudulent activities.

ORIENTATION: Reputational interdependence (RI) manifests when actions of a single firm or a small number of firms materially or perceptually impact the reputations of other firms. Firms belonging to the same industry can have their reputations negatively affected by actions or inactions of their rivals. Reputational losses for whatever reason can impose costs on a firm. It is thus necessary for firms to have adequate measures in place to manage RI. RESEARCH PURPOSE: The study aimed to explore the management of RI within the South African Banking Industry. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: The inter-firm dynamics involved in managing RI are under-researched. This study is intended to contribute towards narrowing the gap. RESEARCH DESIGN, APPROACH AND METHOD: A qualitative case study research approach was employed. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with Corporate Reputation Managers from leading banks in the country. Data were analysed using the QDA Miner software program. The thematic analysis framework informed the data analysis. MAIN FINDINGS: The results show four distinct approaches: competition, cooperation, coopetition, and co-existing being used by banks to manage RI. These approaches allow banks to build and protect their own and their industry's reputations PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: The study makes empirical contributions to reputation management by bringing in-depth understanding into how organisations can develop and deploy seemingly contradictory strategies into managing RI. However, these mostly externally focused strategies should not be undertaken at the expense of internally focused reputation management strategies. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: The research findings show that there is no 'one-size fits all' strategic plan for managing reputational interdependence. The study recommends that firms consider co-existing, competition, cooperation, and coopetition in whatever combinations to develop strategies for managing reputational interdependence.

PURPOSE: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, hybrid work has increased dramatically, with organisations still experimenting with different hybrid work models. This study aimed to explore the leadership competencies and practices needed to facilitate the successful transition to the new hybrid work context, using adaptive leadership theory as the overarching research framework. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A cross-sectional, qualitative design was adopted. Data were gathered by conducting semi-structured interviews with a sample of 20 executives and senior managers drawn from 5 leading South African banks. FINDINGS/RESULTS: The adaptation processes and leadership competencies adopted by participants were mostly aligned to adaptive leadership theory. However, participants needed to strengthen their skills in communication, listening and empathy, as well as enhance leadership characteristics such as authenticity, humility, trust and transparency. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The study could inform the redesign of job specifications for leaders and managers in charge of hybrid work teams, particularly if they are in the early stages of the transition. More strategically, the study could facilitate the creation of adaptive workspaces and lay the foundation for more effective leadership in hybrid working environments. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Whereas previous studies have explored flexible and or hybrid working arrangements from employees' perspectives, little research has been conducted on managers and leaders perspectives in this regard, which was the focus of this study. An important finding was that while participants were comfortable making the technical transition to hybrid work (using more technology), they saw the social demands of a hybrid work environment as more challenging.

PURPOSE: Bank reputations took a severe knock following the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. To get the global banking industry back on its feet, regulations existing at the time were strengthened and new ones were introduced. While the industry has come a long way in clawing back its reputation, research on the present state of reputations of some global banks suggests that these reputations are still underpinned by national regulators. In the South African context, it is not clear to what extent bank reputations are underpinned by the reputation of the main banking regulator: the South African Reserve Bank (SARB). This article looks at perceptions of private banking customers to ascertain whether they believe that bank reputations derive from the reputation of the regulator DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A quantitative research methodology was applied. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 111 banking customers using a Likert scale. Four hypotheses on reputation-regulation relationships were then tested using the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Findings/results: The results show that regulation plays no role in how private banking customers perceive bank reputations. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study highlights that there is little scope for banks to accrue 'reputational rent' by free riding on the reputation of the regulator. Banks must therefore take steps to proactively engage in their own reputation building exercises ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This research is the first to look at the reputation-regulation interface in the local banking industry from private banking customers' perspective. It highlights that each bank must work hard to build the reputation it desires.

Resumen La prevención de lavado de dinero es un tema que ha tomado importancia en los últimos años en el sector financiero, debido a que dicho sector resulta vulnerable a ser utilizado para perpetrar este delito. En este trabajo, se analiza la mejor decisión por parte de las instituciones de banca múltiple respecto a bloquear o no bloquear las tarjetas de crédito ante posibles escenarios de lavado de dinero por parte de sus tarjetahabientes. Con base en un análisis de información incompleta, se deducen instrumentos para que la institución decida bloquear o no una cuenta que presente operaciones inusuales; con la finalidad de evitar pérdidas financieras y un daño en su reputación por relacionarse con tarjetahabientes que lavan dinero. El factor diferenciador de este trabajo consiste en la construcción de señales mediante vectores de pesos asignados a los factores de lavado de dinero, que pueden servir como indicadores o agravantes ante posibles operaciones inusuales de los tarjetahabientes.

Abstract In recent years, the prevention of money laundering has gained importance in the financial sector because this sector is being used to perpetrate this crime. This paper analyzes the best decision by banking institutions regarding the blocking or not of credit cards in the face of possible money laundering scenarios by their cardholders. Based on an analysis of incomplete information, we deduce instruments that help the institution decide to block or not, an account that presents unusual operations; to avoid financial losses and damage to their reputation from being involved with cardholders who launder money. The differentiating factor of this work consists in the construction of signals through vectors of weights assigned to the money laundering factors, which can serve as indicators or aggravating factors in possible unusual operations by cardholders.