This study presents a solution to solid waste problems, focusing on spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) and iron ore tailings (IOT) from the Mariana environmental accident in Brazil. The approach involves the production CoFe2O4 from LiBs and IOT, which serves as a catalyst for solar photo-Fenton reactions for methylene blue (MB) decolorization and as an electrochemical sensor for ascorbic acid (AA) detection. Chemical analysis showed recycling potential, with 45.22 ± 0.22% m m−1 Co from LiBs and 14.9 ± 1.5% m m−1 Fe from IOT, determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP OES) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The sol-gel synthesized CoFe2O4 exhibited a crystallite size of 51.9 ± 1.3 nm and agglomerated crystal clusters. Recycled-CoFe2O4 exhibited a 98.1% MB decolorization efficiency in 60 min under solar irradiation and remained above 92.3% in all 7 reuse cycles. The electrochemical sensor exhibited a coefficient of determination of 0.9987, a sensitivity of 3.352 ± 0.0428 μA mol L−1, and a limit of detection of 0.5511 µM in the concentration range of 1.96 to 23.08 mmol L−1 for AA detection. This study demonstrates the potential of recycled-CoFe2O4 in an environmentally friendly dye removal and as an electrochemical sensor, offering sustainable waste management and resource utilization with solar energy. problems lithiumion lithium ion (LiBs IOT (IOT Brazil CoFeO CoFe O CoFe2O photoFenton photo Fenton (MB (AA 4522 45 22 45.2 022 0 0.22 m1 1 m− 149 14 9 14. 15 5 1.5 ICP OES FAAS. FAAS . (FAAS) solgel sol gel 519 51 51. 13 3 1. clusters RecycledCoFe2O4 RecycledCoFeO Recycled Recycled-CoFe2O 981 98 98.1 6 923 92 92.3 cycles 09987 9987 0.9987 3352 352 3.35 00428 0428 0.042 L1 L 05511 5511 0.551 196 96 1.9 2308 23 08 23.0 L− recycledCoFe2O4 recycledCoFeO recycled recycled-CoFe2O energy 452 4 2 45. 02 0.2 (FAAS RecycledCoFe RecycledCoFe2O 98. 92. 0998 998 0.998 335 35 3.3 0042 042 0.04 0551 551 0.55 19 230 23. recycledCoFe recycledCoFe2O 0. 099 99 0.99 33 3. 004 04 0.0 055 55 0.5 09 0.9 00 05

RESUMEN La investigación sobre mejoramiento genético para el cultivo de lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) en Colombia es limitada. Especificamente, la investigación relacionada con la interacción genotipo-ambiente (IGA) y la estabilidad en caracteres agronómicos es escasa. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar genotipos sobresalientes mediante la evaluación de la IGA y la estabilidad del peso del fruto (PF), ácido ascórbico (AA) y rendimiento de 10 familias de medio hermanos (FMH). Se establecieron cuatro ensayos en San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua y La Unión del departamento de Nariño (Colombia), utilizando el diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Para analizar el IGA se utilizó el modelo aditivo de efectos principales e interacción multiplicativa (AMMI) y algunos parámetros de estabilidad AMMI. En Tangua, FMH7 y el control presentaron adaptación específica con rendimientos de 12,82 y 13,41 t ha-1, respectivamente y PF mayor a 100 g. En Arboleda, la FMH29 obtuvo el mayor rendimiento (16,14 t ha-1) con un PF de 100,53 g. FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49 alcanzaron rendimientos superiores a 9,0 t ha-1 y un PF mayor a 100 g, lo que indica su estabilidad e idoneidad para cualquiera de los ambientes evaluados. FMH25 en AA y FMH29 en rendimiento presentaron adaptación específica en Arboleda. Las familias estables en ambientes con buen rendimiento fueron FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49, donde FMH4 y FMH28 mostraron valores superiores en dos de los tres caracteres, y FMH49 destacó en las tres variables. Estas familias pueden utilizarse en programas de fitomejoramiento como parentales o entregarse a los agricultores como variedades mejoradas.

ABSTRACT Research on genetic improvement for the cultivation of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) in Colombia is limited. Specifically, research related to genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and stability in agronomic traits is scarce. This study aimed to identify superior genotypes by evaluating GEI and the stability of fruit weight (FW), ascorbic acid (AA), and yield among 10 half-sib families (HSF). Four trials were established at San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua and La Union of the department of Nariño (Colombia), using the randomized complete block design with four repetitions. To analyze GEI, the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and some AMMI stability parameters were used. In Tangua, HSF7 and the control exhibited specific adaptation with yields of 12.82 and 13.41 t ha-1, respectively, and FW greater than 100 g. In Arboleda, HSF29 obtained the highest yield (16.14 t ha-1) with an FW of 100.53 g. HSF4, HSF28 and HSF49 reached yields above 9.0 t ha-1 and a FW greater than 100 g, indicating their stability and suitability for any of the environments evaluated. HSF25 in AA and HSF29 in yield presented specific adaptation in Arboleda. Stable families across environments with good yield were HSF4, HSF28, and HSF49, with HSF4 and HSF28 showing higher values in two of the three traits, and HSF49 excelling in all three variables. These families can be used in plant breeding programs as parents or distributed to farmers as improved varieties.

Abstract L-ascorbic acid is a natural antioxidant produced by plants and their fruits. The abundance of this acid during the development and postharvest ripening of mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) depends on genetic and climatic factors. The mangoes undergo a quarantine hydrothermal treatment before being exported to control the fruit fly. A quarantine hydrothermal treatment consists of immersing mangoes in water at 46.1 °C (118 °F) for 60 to 120 min depending on the size, affecting the L-ascorbic acid content and other quality parameters of the fruit. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of QHT on L-ascorbic acid content, firmness, color, and expression of L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis and recycling genes during mango postharvest. ‘Ataulfo’ mangoes were harvested at physiological ripeness in Escuinapa, Sinaloa in 2019, subjected to QHT (46.1 °C, 75 min), hydrocooled (25 °C, 30 min) and stored at 20 °C for nine days. Mangoes subjected to QHT showed a reduction in L-ascorbic acid content (p≤ 0.05). The firmness of the pulp behaved similarly in fruits with QHT and in control fruits, while the external color of the fruits with a quarantine hydrothermal treatment indicated an advanced ripening process compared to the control fruits (p≤ 0.05). The levels of MiGME1, MiGME2, MiGGP2, and MiMDHAR transcripts increased in response to treatment, suggesting activation of the synthesis and recycling pathway to counteract the abiotic stress caused by the heat to which the mangoes were subjected.

Resumen El ácido L-ascórbico, es un antioxidante natural producido por las plantas y sus frutos. La abundancia de este ácido durante el desarrollo y la maduración poscosecha del mango (Mangifera indica L.) depende de factores genéticos y climáticos. Los mangos se someten a un tratamiento hidrotérmico cuarentenario, antes de su exportación para control de la mosca de la fruta. El un tratamiento hidrotérmico cuarentenario, consiste en sumergir los mangos en agua a 46.1 °C (118 °F) durante 60 a 120 min dependiendo del tamaño, afectando el contenido de ácido L-ascórbico y otros parámetros de calidad del fruto. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto del THC en el contenido de ácido L-ascórbico, la firmeza, el color y la expresión de genes de biosíntesis y reciclaje de ácido L-ascórbico durante la postcosecha del mango. Los mangos ‘Ataulfo’ se cosecharon en madurez fisiológica en Escuinapa, Sinaloa en el año 2019, se sometieron a THC (46.1 °C, 75 min), hidroenfriado (25 °C, 30 min) y se almacenaron a 20 °C por nueve días. Los mangos sometidos al THC mostraron reducción en el contenido de ácido L-ascórbico (p≤ 0.05). La firmeza de la pulpa se comportó similar en frutos con THC y en frutos testigo, mientras que el color externo de los frutos con un tratamiento hidrotérmico cuarentenario e indicó un proceso de maduración adelantado respecto a los frutos testigo (p≤ 0.05). Los niveles de transcritos MiGME1, MiGME2, MiGGP2 y MiMDHAR aumentaron en respuesta al tratamiento, lo que sugiere la activación de la ruta de síntesis y reciclaje para contrarrestar el estrés abiótico ocasionado por el calor al que se sometieron los mangos.

ABSTRACT Improving drought tolerance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is integral, particularly under current climate fluctuations. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of different concentrations of nanoparticles of ascorbic acid (AS), benzoic acid (BA), and salicylic acid (SA) individually and in combined treatments on potato under drought-induced stress. The assessed biostimulants with different concentrations (0.50 and 0.75 mM) were applied to two potato cultivars (Spunta and Lady-Rosetta). Nodal cutting of each cultivar was exposed to drought stress via 30% polyethylene glycol (PEG) in MS media. Five growth characters (plantlet length, number of leaves plant-1, number of roots, number of lateral branches plantlet-1, and root length) were measured after 7, 14, and 21 d. The results indicated that the evaluated cultivars exhibited highly significant differences (< 0.001) in all characters. Moreover, all evaluated nano biostimulants recorded highly significant differences (< 0.001) compared to the untreated control. The co-application of two nano biostimulants was stronger than the sole use of one material. The co-application of AS+BA was the most effective, and its impact was more considerable compared to the other treatments. The assessed cultivars displayed significant interaction with the application of nano biostimulants. ‘Lady-Rosetta’ responded more to the applied nano biostimulants in all studied characters. In conclusion, applying AS, SA, and BA improved the growth of ‘Lady-Rosetta’ under drought stress conditions. Furthermore, the combined treatment AS+BA is more powerful in modulating drought stress's adverse impacts on potato plants.

ABSTRACT: Piura is the region with the largest organic banana production in Peru; however, the post-harvest disease crown rot has generated large economic losses. Therefore, the following objectives were raised: to evaluate the efficacy of biofungicides in vitro and in vivo for the control of this disease. The products used were: oregano extract, citric acid; ascorbic acid, bioflavonoids; biofertilizer and tea tree oil. In vitro, the "poisoned medium" method was used. In vivo, fruits were inoculated with conidial suspensions at 1 x 104 CFU ml-1 of the phytopathogens Thielaviopsis paradoxa and Colletotrichum musae. The biofungicides were prepared according to the commercial dose. The products were applied, and the fungi were inoculated with manual sprayers. The banana clusters with treatment were placed in 18,4 kg cardboard boxes and packed, incubating at 13 °C for 18 days and 4 days in a maturation chamber with ethylene gas. In vitro, the biofungicides: oregano extract (1450 ppm) and citric acid (2825 ppm) obtained 100% inhibition in the growth of the mycelium of T. paradoxa and C. musae. In fruits, the lowest severity index was for the citrus extract biofungicide (4275 ppm), registering 0,0% against T. paradoxa and C. musae.

RESUMEN: Piura es la región con mayor producción de banano orgánico en el Perú; sin embargo, la enfermedad post cosecha de la pudrición de la corona ha generado grandes pérdidas económicas. Por lo cual, se planteó los siguientes objetivos: evaluar la eficacia de biofungicidas in vitro e in vivo para el control de esta enfermedad. Los productos usados fueron: extracto de orégano, ácido cítrico; ácido ascórbico, bioflavonoides; biofertilizante y aceite del árbol de té. In vitro se utilizó el método del “medio envenenado”. In vivo, se inocularon a frutos con suspensiones de conidias a 1 x 104 UFC mL-1 de los fitopatógenos Thielaviopsis paradoxa y Colletotrichum musae. Se prepararon los biofungicidas según la dosis comercial. Se aplicaron los productos y se inocularon los hongos con asperjadores manuales. Los clústeres de banano con tratamiento se embalaron en cajas de cartón de 18,4 kg y fueron embaladas incubándose a 13 °C durante 18 días y 4 días en cámara de maduración con gas etileno. En in vitro los biofungicidas: extracto de orégano (1450 ppm) y ácido cítrico (2825 ppm) obtuvieron 100% inhibición en el crecimiento del micelio de T. paradoxa y C. musae. En in vivo los frutos el menor índice de severidad lo fue para el biofungicida extracto de cítricos (4275 ppm) registrándose 0,0% frente a T. paradoxa y C. musae.

South Africa has one of the largest Cr-related industries in the world and generates large amounts of Cr-containing smelter dusts. It is normal practice to scrub Cr from the furnace off-gas in water, and to recover the Cr by adsorption, followed by recycling of the loaded adsorbent into the furnace. A study was conducted to find a low-cost adsorbent that is capable of removing sufficient Cr from the solutions generated by scrubbing. The test work focused on the evaluation of different clay minerals (attapulgite, bentonite, and kaolinite) as adsorbents for Cr. Cr(VI) could only be adsorbed after prereduction with e.g. ascorbic acid (ASA). An 80% removal of Cr(VI) could be achieved from a solution containing 20 mg/L Cr using bentonite clay after reduction with ASA. Attapulgite and kaolinite adsorbed less than 55% Cr after reduction with ASA. Both ASA and ferrous salts were found to be suitable reducing agents. The use of acid mine drainage (AMD) was also investigated as a low-cost alternative reducing agent, as AMD usually contains iron. The Cr(VI) reduction potential of the AMD was determined by redox titration against a solution containing 50 mg/L Cr(VI). Studies show that AMD can potentially be used as a reducing agent in a Cr removal process if it is available on site.

ABSTRACT In this study, chemical changes during the development of acerola, cultivar Okinawa, were evaluated. The biochemical alterations during the development of the acerola cultivar Okinawa were evaluated, to determine the peroxidase activity (POD) and its thermal stability. Peroxidase (POD) has been considered the main enzyme responsible for the quality deterioration of fruits. Additionally, characteristics evaluated in this study can be important postharvest quality criteria for fruit processing, screening and breeding. Changes in physiological development were evaluated by the determination of moisture content, ascorbic acid, ashes, total and reducing sugars, pectin, chlorophyll a and b, amounts of anthocyanins, flavonols and total carotenoids. These biochemical determinations may serve as a basis for further improvement of techniques for predicting and modeling the optimal harvesting time. The values of chlorophylls, anthocyanins, flavonols, and carotenoids were higher in the peel rather than in the pulp (p < 0.05). Acerola presents high levels of ascorbic acid. The development of acerola (from opening of flowers to maturation of fruits) was of 25 days. The increase of the values for total and reducing sugars, anthocyanins, carotenoids, the solubilization of pectic acid and degradation of chlorophyll suggested that physiological maturation and harvest day occurred on days 19 and 23 after anthesis, respectively. The specific activity of POD was higher in the green stage. Maximum POD activity was observed at pH 6.5 and 45 ºC. Total inactivation was not achieved, suggesting the presence of isoenzymes with high thermal resistance. A loss of 50% of activity occurred after 4 minutes of treatment at 80 °C. (POD stability fruits Additionally processing breeding content ashes sugars pectin b anthocyanins time chlorophylls p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) from 2 1 anthesis respectively stage 65 6 5 6. ºC achieved resistance 50 8 C °C 00 0.0 0.

Abstract The study aimed to optimize microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of phenolics from gilaburu fruit (GF) with the response surface method (RSM). GF was used to produce two functional products: The first one was encapsulated hydrogel beads GF (eGF) using ionic gelation and chitosan system, and the second one was a sugar-free functional beverage (FB) enriched with black carrot, riboflavin, and ascorbic acid. The optimal extraction conditions were determined to be 60 °C for temperature, 5 minutes for time, and 4.18 g/100 mL for solid/solvent ratio based on the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and extraction yield. The model was found to be sufficient for the successful prediction of experimental results. Chlorogenic acid was a major compound of GF, eGF, and sugar-free FB. The inhibition of α-glucosidase activity (%) for GF, eGF, and sugar-free FB was detected as 54, 92, and 77, respectively. These findings revealed that utilizing MAE may shorten the extraction of GF phenolics with low energy and maximum efficiency. Furthermore, GF, eGF, and sugar-free FB have promising antioxidant and antidiabetic activities due to their rich bioactive and fortified compounds. They may be regarded excellent sources of compounds for the functional food industry. Besides, they can be used to provide health benefits to diabetic patients and future consumers. microwaveassisted microwave assisted (MAE (GF RSM. RSM . (RSM) products eGF (eGF system sugarfree sugar free (FB carrot riboflavin 6 C temperature time 418 4 18 4.1 g100 g 100 g/10 solidsolvent solid solvent TPC (TPC yield results αglucosidase α glucosidase % (% 54 92 77 respectively efficiency Furthermore industry Besides consumers (RSM 41 1 4. g10 10 g/1 ( 9 7 g1 g/

ABSTRACT. Although acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) is a tropical fruit of high interest due to its high ascorbic acid content and attractive sensory attributes, fruit production is characterized by high genetic variability. Additionally, the use of new biometric tools for acerola breeding is scarce. This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability, as well as determine the optimal number of fruits for quality trait analyses in different acerola genotypes, using different approaches. Twenty-three (Experiment I) and thirty-five (Experiment II) genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with four replicates and three plants per plot. Twenty fruits per plant were harvested and evaluated for the following quality traits: diameter, mass, skin color (lightness, chroma and hue), firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, and ascorbic acid content. The genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability were estimated for each experiment using classical and Bayesian methods. Both approaches achieved similar results on estimating variance components, genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability. Genetic parameters showed favorable conditions for acerola selection. The coefficient of repeatability was high for all acerola quality traits. A total of 17 fruits are required for the effective selection of acerola genotypes with an accuracy of 95%. ABSTRACT Malpighia DC. DC attributes variability Additionally scarce Twentythree Experiment I thirtyfive thirty five II plot traits diameter mass lightness, lightness (lightness hue, hue , hue) firmness SS, SS (SS) TA, TA (TA) SSTA ratio methods components 1 95 95% (SS (TA 9

The potential of four commercial clones of unripe acerola fruit was investigated regarding a source of nutraceuticals and functional foods for industrial use. The chemical profiling of the BRS 235-Apodi, BRS 236-Cereja, BRS 237-Roxinha, and BRS 238-Frutacor clones was determined by the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS-MS) technique coupled to multivariate statistical analysis, which were then correlated to ABTS•+ radical capture (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays in order to measure the antioxidant capacity. A total of 24 bioactive compounds were identified, including high amounts of quercetin-O-hexoside, astilbin, and apigenin, which were correlated to three clones (BRS 235, BRS 237, and BRS 238). On the other hand, the BRS 236 clone presented high contents of ascorbic acid, iso-ascorbic acid, citric acid, procyanidin B trimer, rutin, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. These compounds were additionally found to be strongly associated with the antioxidant capacity of unripe acerola fruits. Therefore, the present study revealed that BRS 236 is a promising clone as an antioxidant source to be used as a functional food or ingredient. use 235Apodi, 235Apodi Apodi 235 Apodi, 235-Apodi 236Cereja, 236Cereja Cereja Cereja, 236-Cereja 237Roxinha, 237Roxinha Roxinha 237 Roxinha, 237-Roxinha 238Frutacor Frutacor 238 ultrahigh ultra chromatographyquadrupole chromatography quadrupole timeofflight time flight UPLCQTOF/MSMS UPLCQTOFMSMS UPLC QTOF/MS MS QTOF (UPLC-QTOF/MS-MS analysis ABTS ABTS• 2,2azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulfonic 22azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulfonic azinobisethylbenzothiazolinesulfonic 2,2 azino bis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulfonic 2 acid FRAP (FRAP identified quercetinOhexoside, quercetinOhexoside quercetin O hexoside, hexoside quercetin-O-hexoside astilbin apigenin 238. . 238) hand 23 isoascorbic iso trimer rutin activity fruits Therefore ingredient UPLCQTOF MSMS QTOFMS 2azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulfonic azinobis 22 2,

ABSTRACT Selenium (Se) is an antioxidant mineral and has been included in fish feed formulations in the organic form of hydroxy-selenomethionine (OH-SeMet). This study evaluated how different concentrations of this substance, supplemented in the diet, act on tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) muscle before and after a stressor (transportation). Juvenile fishes were divided into five treatments receiving 0.0; 0.3; 0.6; 0.9; 1.2 mg kg-1 Se supplementation for 75 days. After that period, the fish were exposed to transportation for four hours. Sampling of muscle tissue for the measurement of biochemical parameters occurred on day 75, prior to transportation, and one week after transportation (day 83). The activity of enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase did not change. Supplementation with 1.2 mg kg-1 Se increased the level of reduced glutathione before transportation, and 0.9 and 1.2 mg kg-1 Se reduced the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels before and after transportation. After transportation, we observed reduced glutathione levels in fish treated with 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 mg kg-1, reduced ascorbic acid level in fish fed 0.6 mg kg-1 Se, and reduced total protein concentration in fish fed 0.3 mg kg-1 Se, as compared to the levels before transportation. In conclusion, the presence of different concentrations of Se in the fish diet promoted different patterns of response to redox status, minimizing oxidative damage generated by the stressor event. (Se hydroxyselenomethionine hydroxy selenomethionine OHSeMet. OHSeMet OH SeMet . (OH-SeMet) substance Colossoma macropomum (transportation) 0.0 00 0 03 3 06 6 09 9 12 1 2 1. kg1 kg kg- 7 days period hours 83. 83 83) glutathioneStransferase S transferase change 0. kg1, 1, conclusion status event (OH-SeMet (transportation 8

RESUMO O selênio (Se) é um mineral antioxidante e tem sido incluído em formulações de rações para peixes na forma orgânica de hidróxi-selenometionina (OH-SeMet). Este estudo avaliou como diferentes concentrações dessa substância, suplementada na dieta, atuam no músculo do tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) antes e após um estressor (transporte). Os peixes juvenis foram divididos em cinco tratamentos recebendo a suplementação de 0,0; 0,3; 0,6; 0,9; 1,2 mg kg-1 de Se por 75 dias. Após esse período, os peixes ficaram expostos ao transporte por quatro horas. A amostragem de tecido muscular para medição dos parâmetros bioquímicos ocorreu no dia 75, antes do transporte, e uma semana após o transporte (dia 83). A atividade das enzimas superóxido dismutase e glutationa-S-transferase não se alterou. A suplementação com 1,2 mg kg-1 de Se aumentou o nível de glutationa reduzida antes do transporte, e 0,9 e 1,2 mg kg-1 de Se reduziram os níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico antes e após o transporte. Após o transporte, observamos redução nos níveis de glutationa reduzida nos peixes tratados com 0,3, 0,6 e 1,2 mg kg-1, redução nos níveis de ácido ascórbico nos peixes alimentados com 0,6 mg kg-1 de Se e redução na concentração de proteínas totais nos peixes alimentados com 0,3 mg kg-1 Se, em comparação com os níveis antes do transporte. Conclui-se que a presença de diferentes concentrações de Se na dieta dos peixes promoveu diferentes padrões de resposta ao estado redox, minimizando os danos oxidativos gerados pelo evento estressor. (Se hidróxiselenometionina hidróxi selenometionina OHSeMet. OHSeMet OH SeMet . (OH-SeMet) substância Colossoma macropomum (transporte) 0,0 00 0 03 3 06 6 09 9 12 1 2 1, kg1 kg kg- 7 dias período horas 83. 83 83) glutationaStransferase S transferase alterou 0, kg1, Concluise Conclui redox (OH-SeMet (transporte 8

Abstract The use of mango peel, an agro-industrial byproduct rich in bioactive compounds, was the subject of this study, seeking an innovative application in the manufacture of sliced bread. This process is proposed as a way to create a nutritious and healthy food, rich in dietary fiber and total polyphenols. Mango peel flour of the Kent variety was obtained by drying, grinding, and sieving. An experimental design through the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a central composite rotatable design, was used to evaluate the impact of mango peel flour (5% to15%) and ascorbic acid (20 to100 ppm) in the bread formulation. Technological, sensory evaluations, and determinations of polyphenols and dietary fiber were carried out, using standard methods. The results showed that mango peel flour and ascorbic acid influence the texture of the bread, with formulations of 10% mango peel flour and 60 ppm ascorbic acid obtaining the best sensory ratings in color, appearance, aroma, and texture. The mango peel flour increased the fiber up to 13.25 g/100 g and polyphenols up to 1.187 g AGE/g dry weight (DW) in the sliced bread. These findings suggest that the inclusion of mango peel flour improves the nutritional and sensory quality of bread, showing its potential as a functional ingredient in the food industry. agroindustrial agro industrial compounds study drying grinding sieving RSM (RSM 5% 5 (5 to15% to15 20 (2 to10 formulation Technological evaluations out methods 10 6 color appearance aroma 1325 13 25 13.2 g100 100 g/10 1187 1 187 1.18 AGEg AGE DW (DW industry ( to1 2 132 13. g10 g/1 118 18 1.1 g1 g/ 11 1.

Resumo O aproveitamento da casca da manga, subproduto agroindustrial rico em compostos bioativos, foi objeto deste estudo, buscando uma aplicação inovadora na fabricação de pães de forma. Este processo é proposto como forma de criar um alimento nutritivo e saudável, rico em fibras alimentares e polifenóis totais. A farinha de casca de manga da variedade Kent foi obtida por secagem, moagem e peneiramento. Um desenho experimental por meio da Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta (MSR) com um projeto rotativo composto central, foi utilizado para avaliar o impacto da farinha de casca de manga (5% a15%) e do ácido ascórbico (20 a 100 ppm) na formulação do pão. Foram realizadas avaliações tecnológicas, sensoriais e determinações de polifenóis e fibras alimentares, utilizando métodos padronizados. Os resultados mostraram que farinha de casca de manga e ácido ascórbico influenciam na textura do pão, com formulações de 10% de farinha de casca de manga e 60 ppm de ácido ascórbico, assim obtendo as melhores notas sensoriais em cor, aparência, aroma e textura. A farinha de casca de manga aumentou a quantidade de fibra até 13,25 g/100 g e de polifenóis até 1,187 g AGE/g (peso seco) no pão de forma. Esses achados sugerem que a inclusão de farinha de casca de manga melhora a qualidade nutricional e sensorial do pão, mostrando seu potencial como ingrediente funcional na indústria alimentícia. bioativos estudo saudável totais secagem peneiramento MSR (MSR central 5% 5 (5 a15% a15 20 (2 10 tecnológicas padronizados 6 cor aparência 1325 13 25 13,2 g100 g/10 1187 1 187 1,18 AGEg AGE peso seco alimentícia ( a1 2 132 13, g10 g/1 118 18 1,1 g1 g/ 11 1,

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to characterize the bioactive compounds present in sugarcane syrup, analyze the color, to evaluate the antioxidant activity as well as the stability of the bioactive compounds during a 60-day storage under freezing conditions. The experiment was conducted with five sugarcane varieties grown in Canguçu-RS. The content of carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamin C and chlorophylls was determined, and also the antioxidant activity and color were also evaluated. The content of carotenoids (1.82-6.67µg.g), total phenolic compounds (191.06-226.54 mg EAG.L-1), flavonoids (70.73-189.57mg EQ.g-1), vitamin C (0.10-0.35 mg ascorbic acid .100g-1), total chlorophylls (36.13-37.67 g.kg-1), and percentage of antioxidant activity (50.92-68.76%) varied by cultivar. The content of chlorophyll b was higher than the content of chlorophyll a in all cultivars. The color analysis showed that the samples had a strong tendency to green and yellow color. The content of carotenoids increased during 60 days of storage, while the content of phenolic compounds and chlorophylls decreased. The percentage of antioxidant activity decreased after 30 days of storage. It can be concluded that the sugarcane grown in Canguçu-RS had a high content of bioactive compounds, adequate color and high antioxidant activity when compared to the literature. syrup 60day day conditions CanguçuRS. CanguçuRS Canguçu RS. RS determined evaluated 1.826.67µg.g, 182667µgg µgg 1.82 6.67µg.g , 1 82 6 67µg g µg (1.82-6.67µg.g) 191.06226.54 1910622654 191.06 226.54 191 06 226 54 (191.06-226.5 EAG.L1, EAGL1 EAGL EAG.L EAG L EAG.L-1) 70.73189.57mg 707318957mg 70.73 189.57mg 70 73 189 57mg EQ.g1, EQg1 EQg EQ.g EQ EQ.g-1) 0.100.35 010035 0.10 0.35 0 10 35 (0.10-0.3 .100g1, 100g1 .100g 100g .100g-1) 36.1337.67 36133767 36.13 37.67 36 13 37 67 (36.13-37.6 g.kg1, gkg1 gkg g.kg kg g.kg-1) 50.9268.76% 50926876 50.92 68.76% 50 92 68 76 (50.92-68.76% cultivar cultivars 3 literature 826 1.826.67µg.g 182 1.8 667µgg 8 (1.82-6.67µg.g 06226 191.06226.5 191062265 19106 191.0 22654 226.5 19 22 5 (191.06-226. L1 EAG.L1 EAG.L-1 73189 7073 70.7 18957mg 7 18 g1 EQ.g1 EQ.g-1 100 0.100.3 01003 010 0.1 035 0.3 (0.10-0. .100g1 .100g-1 1337 36.1337.6 3613376 3613 36.1 3767 37.6 (36.13-37. kg1 g.kg1 g.kg-1 9268 50.9268.76 5092687 5092 50.9 6876 68.76 9 (50.92-68.76 1. 0622 191.06226. 19106226 1910 191. 2265 226. 2 (191.06-226 EAG.L- 7318 707 70. EQ.g- 0.100. 0100 01 0. 03 (0.10-0 .100g- 133 36.1337. 361337 361 36. 376 37. (36.13-37 g.kg- 926 50.9268.7 509268 509 50. 687 68.7 (50.92-68.7 062 191.06226 1910622 (191.06-22 731 0.100 (0.10- 36.1337 36133 (36.13-3 50.9268. 50926 68. (50.92-68. 191.0622 191062 (191.06-2 (0.10 36.133 (36.13- 50.9268 (50.92-68 191.062 (191.06- (0.1 (36.13 50.926 (50.92-6 (191.06 (0. (36.1 (50.92- (191.0 (0 (36. (50.92 (191. ( (36 (50.9 (191 (3 (50. (19 (50 (1 (5

Abstract: Pattern recognition aims to classify some datasets into specific classes or clusters, having several applications in agriculture. The objectification of the process minimizes errors since it reduces subjectivity, allowing a fairer remuneration to the producer and standardized products to the consumer. Thus,this work aimed to develop an embedded system with artificial intelligence to determine the ripening stage of bananas (outputs) from the insertion of physical (i.e., fruit weight, texture and diameter), physicochemical (i.e.,pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS) and SS/TA ratio) and biochemical (i.e., total sugars, phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid,quantification of pigments in fruit peel and pulp and antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP methods) data (inputs). The bananas were harvested at each evaluated stage according to the Von Loesecke ripening scale, as follows:stage 2, totally green; stage 4, more yellow than green; stage 6, yellow; and stage 7, yellow with brown spots. Subsequently, they were selected and submitted to quality analysis. The data obtained were then mined and the attributes were selected using WEKA software. The classifier software was developed using MATLAB. The most relevant attributes selected in the Bayes Net classifier for the Cross-Validation method were: apical, central, basal and mean textures (between apical, median and basal textures), pH, soluble solids, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activities by the FRAP and DPPH methods, vitamin C, anthocyanins from the pulp, chlorophyll a content in the fruit peel and sugar, resulting in a mean F-measure of 97.0%. Abstract clusters agriculture subjectivity consumer Thusthis Thus this outputs (outputs i.e., ie i e (i.e. weight diameter, diameter , diameter) i.e.,pH, iepH pH (i.e.,pH TA, TA (TA) SS (SS SSTA ratio sugars compounds acidquantification acid quantification methods inputs. inputs . (inputs) scale followsstage follows 2 green 4 6 7 spots Subsequently analysis MATLAB CrossValidation Cross Validation apical central between textures, textures) C sugar Fmeasure F measure 970 97 0 97.0% i.e. (i.e i.e.,pH (TA (inputs 9 97.0 i.e 97.

Resumo: reconhecimento de padrões tem como objetivo classificar alguns conjuntos de dados em classes ou clusters específicos, tendo várias aplicações na agriaccucultura. A objetivação do processo minimiza erros, pois reduz a subjetividade, permitindo uma remuneração mais justa ao produtor e produtos padronizados ao consumidor. Assim,este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um sistema embarcado cominteligência artificial para determinar o estádio de maturação de bananas (outputs) a partir dainserção de dados físicos (peso do fruto, textura e diâmetro), físico-químicos (pH, acideztitulável (AT),sólidos solúveis (SS) e relação SS/TA) e bioquímicos (açúcares totais,compostos fenólicos, ácido ascórbico, quantificação de pigmentos na casca e na polpa dos frutos e atividade antioxidante pelos métodos DPPH e FRAP) (inputs). As bananas foram colhidas em cada estádio avaliado, de acordo com a escala de maturação de Von Loesecke, a saber:estádio 2, totalmente verde; estádio 4, mais amarela que verde; estádio 6, amarela; e estádio 7,amarela com manchas marrons. Posteriormente, foram selecionados e submetidos a uma análise de qualidade. Os dados obtidos foram então minerados, e os atributos foramselecionados,utilizando o software WEKA. O software classificador foi desenvolvido em MATLAB. Os atributos mais relevantes selecionados no classificador Bayes Net, para ométodo de Cross-Validation, foram: texturas apical, central, basal e média (entre as texturasapical, mediana e basal), pH, sólidos solúveis, compostos fenólicos, atividades antioxidantes, pelos métodos FRAP e DPPH, vitamina C, antocianinas da polpa, teor de clorofila a na cascado fruto e açúcar,resultando em uma medida F média de 97,0%. Resumo específicos agriaccucultura erros subjetividade consumidor Assimeste Assim este outputs (outputs peso diâmetro, diâmetro , diâmetro) físicoquímicos físico químicos pH (pH AT,sólidos ATsólidos AT ,sólidos SS (SS SS/TA SSTA TA açúcares totaiscompostos totais fenólicos ascórbico inputs. inputs . (inputs) avaliado Loesecke saberestádio saber 2 verde 4 6 7amarela 7 marrons Posteriormente qualidade minerados foramselecionadosutilizando foramselecionados utilizando WEKA MATLAB Net CrossValidation, CrossValidation Cross Validation, Validation Cross-Validation apical central entre texturasapical basal, basal) antioxidantes C açúcarresultando açúcar resultando 970 97 0 97,0% (inputs 9 97,0 97,

Abstract Acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) is a super-fruit with high ascorbic acid content and its quality can be highly affected by the genetic and environmental conditions. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the influence of genetic variability on acerola quality traits. It was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) recommendations. PubMed, Scopus and SciELO electronic databases were searched using terms acerola, selection, and genotypes. 29 studies were selected after assessing articles for eligibility criteria, which reported data on 22 quality parameters. A high genetic diversity was observed for all quality traits. Soluble solids and ascorbic acid contents are the main parameters determined in studies with acerola. Titratable acidity, SS/TA ratio and pH are also evaluated in most studies. Different studies have already identified possible genotypes for use in acerola breeding programs based on fruit quality, both for launching new cultivars and for use as parents in crosses. Our review is a useful basis for acerola breeding programs and germplasm conservation. Future studies are required to further identify and quantify bioactive compounds in acerolas of different genotypes. Malpighia DC. DC superfruit super conditions traits MetaAnalysis Meta Analysis PRISMA (PRISMA recommendations PubMed selection 2 criteria acidity SSTA SS TA crosses conservation