ABSTRACT: Argentine actor Ricardo Darín is the one who attracts the largest audiences in each of the films he stars in. He occupies a very important symbolic place within the national star system, and even in the country’s public arena. In this article, I go back to his television career to explain how, in his long career, there were two key products that helped to consolidate his persona, and at the same time allowed him to turn it around: the sitcom Mi cuñado (Carlos Berterreix, 1993-1996) and the feature film Nueve reinas (Fabián Bielinsky, 1999). I propose that his star text was shaped by the tension between the stereotype of the chanta (the rogue) -of long tradition and popularity in Argentine arts- and the measured middle-class young man. The qualitative leap between the two occurred between the peak of his television popularity and his consolidation as a film star of international scope.

RESUMEN: Ricardo Darín es el actor argentino que consigue mayor convocatoria de público en cada una de las películas que protagoniza. Ocupa un lugar simbólico muy importante dentro del sistema de estrellas del cine nacional, e incluso en la arena pública del país. En este artículo me remonto a su carrera televisiva para explicar cómo, en su extensa trayectoria, hubo dos productos clave que colaboraron en la consolidación de su imagen, a la vez que permitieron virarlo: la telecomedia Mi cuñado (Carlos Berterreix, 1993-1996) y el largometraje Nueve reinas (Fabián Bielinsky, 1999). Propongo que su texto estrella se conformó en la tensión entre el estereotipo del chanta (el pícaro) -de larga tradición y popularidad en las artes argentinas-, y el joven mesurado de clase media. El salto cualitativo entre uno y otro se produjo entre el summum de su popularidad televisiva y su consolidación como una estrella cinematográfica de alcance internacional.

ABSTRACT The city of Bahía Blanca, located in the southwest of the province of Buenos Aires, has sustained for several decades a strong process of territorial expansion towards urban peripheral sectors. The use of land in the east and southeast of the city is currently manifested as an important element in the urban structure, sometimes without an adequate geotechnical study to know their response to the loads they can bear when used as physical support for engineering structures. With the aim of characterizing and classifying the soils of the outcropping and subsoil units of the sector, standardized in situ tests were carried out: resistance to penetration to estimate the compactness of the soil in its natural state and density of the soil in situ by the cone of sand method. In the laboratory, the granulometry determination method was applied by wet sieving and the Atterberg limits were determined. Based on the established parameters, the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) was carried out. The preliminary studies carried out allowed us to define that, in the study area, the soils vary in depth from fine soils, clays of medium to high plasticity and silts of low plasticity, which grade to clayey sands / silty sands. The soils studied are mainly made up of: soils type CH and Cl on the surface that grade to SC and

RESUMEN La ciudad de Bahía Blanca, ubicada en el sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, sostiene desde hace varias décadas un fuerte proceso de expansión territorial hacia sectores periféricos urbanos. El uso de las tierras en el este y sudeste de la ciudad, se manifiesta actualmente como un elemento importante en la estructura urbana, en ocasiones sin un adecuado estudio geotécnico para estudiar su respuesta ante las cargas que puedan soportar cuando son utilizados como soporte físico de estructuras ingenieriles. Con el objetivo de caracterizar y clasificar los suelos de las unidades aflorantes y del subsuelo del sector, se realizaron ensayos normalizados in situ: resistencia a la penetración para estimar la compacidad del suelo en estado natural y densidad del suelo in situ por el método de cono de arena. En laboratorio se aplicó método de determinación de la granulometría mediante tamizado por vía húmeda y se determinaron los límites de Atterberg. En función a los parámetros establecidos se realizó la Clasificación Unificada de Suelos (Unified Soil Classification System, USCS). Los estudios preliminares realizados permitieron definir que, en el área de estudio los suelos varían en profundidad desde suelos finos, arcillas de plasticidad media a alta y limos de baja plasticidad, que gradan a arenas arcillosas / arenas limosas. Los suelos estudiados están constituidos principalmente por: suelos tipo CH y Cl en superficie que gradan a SC y SM.

ABSTRACT This paper aims to analyze the impact of stadium construction and reformation on Brazilian soccer clubs' average attendence. Two methodologies were used: synthetic control and Differences-in-Differences (DD) models. The clubs were divided into treated, nine with new stadiums, and control, with fourteen teams that continued in old stadiums. The synthetic control model indicated that only the attendence average for the team Palmeiras showed any significant impact after the new arena inauguration, which could explain the positive effect on the treated group in the DD model. However, there is also statistical significance when Palmeiras is removed from this group. We concluded that there was a significant impact on attendence averages for Brazilian clubs that built private stadiums, and no impact on clubs that play in public stadiums, despite the government investment made. used DifferencesinDifferences Differences (DD models stadiums inauguration However made

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o impacto da construção e reforma de estádios na média de público dos clubes brasileiros de futebol. Foram utilizadas duas metodologias: controle sintético e modelos de Diferenças em Diferenças (DD). Os clubes foram divididos em tratados - nove com estádios novos -, e controle, com quatorze equipes que continuaram jogando em estádios antigos. O resultado do modelo de controle sintético indicou que apenas na média de público do Palmeiras se observou algum impacto significante após a inauguração de uma nova arena, o que poderia explicar o efeito positivo sobre o todo o grupo tratado no modelo de DD. Entretanto, também existe significância estatística quando se retira o Palmeiras desse grupo. Concluiu-se de forma geral que houve um impacto significante na média de público dos clubes brasileiros que construíram estádios particulares, não havendo impacto nos clubes que jogam em estádios públicos, apesar do investimento governamental realizado. futebol metodologias DD . (DD) , antigos arena Entretanto Concluiuse Concluiu particulares públicos realizado (DD

In Cabo Delgado, Mozambique, the year of 2020 marked a dramatic escalation of military activities of the Islamist insurgent group locally known as Al-Shabab or mashababe. This intensification was accompanied by a more immaterial phenomenon: the rise in prominence of social media, both as battleground and as public forum. While the insurgents sacked and occupied major towns and district headquarters, the Web 2.0 networks - Facebook and WhatsApp especially - became the central arena in which the war was apprehended and discussed. This essay is an exploration of the entwining of social media with the 'new war' in Cabo Delgado, focussing on the events that surround the conquest of the Makonde plateau, mythical cradle of the Mozambican liberation struggle. Building on a budding literature on digital militarism, the essay dwells especially on orality and the use of the voice note as a medium to convey information deemed to be more trustworthy and stable than images. Tracking these media and their interrelations, the essay establishes a narrative, however fragmentary, of the downfall of the Makonde plateau; highlights recurring features of violence in the Cabo Delgado conflict; and provides fresh insight into the formation of the Local Force (Força Local), a State-sponsored militia largely constituted by war veterans.

Abstract Beach classification models are widely used to describe the state of the beach in response to the prevailing environmental conditions and have set the theoretical grounds for equilibrium and in-plant profile models of a beach and their various applications. This study determined the morphodynamic state of 54 sandy biogenic beaches on the northeast coast of Cuba. This was done based on the identification of coastal geoforms found in land works between August 2018 and March 2022 and the geoforms identified in high-resolution satellite images from Google Earth Pro (CNES/Airbus, Maxar Technologies). In addition, on 12 representative beaches on the northeast coast, we explored whether the coastal geoforms indicative of certain morphological states observed during fieldwork match those predicted by the Ω dimensionless parameter or Dean’s index, which classified beaches as dissipative, reflective, and intermediate. The main geomorphological features include an average beach width of more than 50 m, an 11 m-wide face, and a narrow or absent flat zone with a mean height of 1.35 m, lacking cusps and rhythmic topography, except for 26 % of beaches and only in winter. The submerged zone shows a low sand bar without rip currents. Coral reefs that protect the beaches from the highest waves in 93 % of the cases represent the distinctive geomorphological feature of the beaches studied. The dimensionless parameter confirmed that the beaches of Cuba’s northeast coast correspond to intermediate morphodynamic states with a trend toward reflective rather than dissipative modal states. These findings correspond to the coastal geoforms and sediment granulometry on the beaches studied. The figures obtained with the dimensionless parameter Ω and the sedimentary characteristics of the beaches are consistent with the characteristics of intermediate beaches reported by Australian researchers, but we did not find the geoforms for intermediate beaches reported by them. The beaches studied showed no rip currents, chains of coastal furrows, low-tide terraces, marked rhythmic topography, and cusps. Other studies have also pointed out that the beach classification proposed by Australian researchers, which considers the characteristics of waves and the sedimentation rate, is not always applicable. In the study area, this is mainly due to the presence of coral reefs close to the coast, low wave energy, and the influence of geological factors, in addition to the prevalence of longitudinal over transverse sand transport. Our results confirm that beach classification considering their morphodynamic state is essential to understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of the hydrodynamic processes on beaches and contributes to a better local and regional knowledge of them. In addition, they highlight that the hydrodynamic and sedimentary characteristics of each coastline should be studied before using beach equilibrium profile models and the equations derived from them for erosion control actions.

Resumen Los modelos de clasificación de playa son ampliamente usados para describir el estado de la playa en respuesta a las condiciones ambientales reinantes y han establecido las bases teóricas sobre los modelos de perfil de equilibrio y en planta de una playa y sus diversas aplicaciones. En el estudio se determina el estado morfodinámico en 54 playas biogénicas arenosas del litoral nororiental de Cuba, a partir de la identificación de las geoformas litorales encontradas en trabajos de terrenos, para el periodo comprendido entre agosto de 2018 y marzo del año 2022, y las geoformas identificadas en imágenes satelitales de alta resolución de Google Earth Pro (CNES/Airbus, Maxar Technologies). Además, se comprobó en 12 playas representativas del litoral nororiental, si las geoformas litorales observadas en los trabajos de campo, indicativas de ciertos estados morfológicos, se corresponden con las pronosticadas mediante el parámetro adimensional Ω o Índice de Dean, que permite clasificar las playas en disipativas, reflejantes e intermedias. Como rasgos geomorfológicos fundamentales destacan un ancho medio de la playa superior a 50 m, una cara de 11 m de ancho y bermas estrechas o ausentes, con altura media de 1.35 m, sin la presencia de cúspides y topografías rítmicas, excepto en el 26% de las playas y únicamente en la etapa invernal. En la parte sumergida aparece una barra de arena de poca altura, sin la presencia de corrientes de resaca. La presencia de arrecifes coralinos que protegen las playas del oleaje de mayor altura, en el 93% de los casos, constituye el rasgo geomorfológico más significativo de las playas objeto de estudio. El cálculo del parámetro adimensional confirmó que las playas del litoral nororiental de Cuba corresponden a estados morfodinámicos de tipo intermedio y tienden más a estados modales reflejantes que disipativos, resultados que se corresponden con las geoformas litorales y la granulometría de los sedimentos encontrados en las playas objetos de estudio. Aun cuando las características reportadas por investigadores australianos, para playas intermedias coincidan con los valores pronosticados mediante el cálculo del parámetro adimensional Ω y con las características sedimentarias de las playas, las geoformas reportadas por estos, para playas intermedias, no fueron encontradas en las playas objeto de estudio. En ellas no aparecen corrientes de retorno, cadenas de surcos litorales, terrazas de bajamar, marcada topografía rítmica y cúspides. Otros estudios también han señalado que no siempre se cumple la clasificación de las playas, que tiene en cuenta las características de las olas y la velocidad de caída de los sedimentos, propuestas por investigadores australianos, debido particularmente a la presencia de arrecifes coralinos cercanos a la costa, la baja energía del oleaje y el control geológico. A ello habría que añadir el predominio del transporte longitudinal de arena sobre el transporte transversal en el área de estudio. Los resultados confirman que la clasificación de las playas, atendiendo a su estado morfodinámico es esencial para comprender la dinámica espacio-temporal de los procesos hidrodinámicos que tienen lugar en las playas y un mejor conocimiento local y regional de las mismas. Además, reafirman la necesidad de contar con estudios específicos de las características hidrodinámicas y sedimentarias propias de cada litoral, antes de extrapolar modelos de perfil de equilibrio en playas y las ecuaciones que se deriven de ellos en las actuaciones para el control de la erosión.

Resumo Nesta pesquisa procuramos saber até que ponto o Presidente da República (PR), Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, no primeiro mandato, foi um dos protagonistas das notícias nos canais de televisão generalista em sinal aberto e quais as razões que explicam esse facto. Assim, procedemos a uma análise quantitativa da presença do PR nos blocos informativos da RTP1, RTP2, SIC e TVI, ao longo dos 5 anos, em termos de número e tempo das notícias. Posteriormente, realizámos entrevistas a todos os jornalistas que, nesse período, foram Diretores de Informação das televisões. Concluímos que o PR foi o ator político principal das notícias televisivas nos primeiros três anos do seu mandato, e o segundo nos dois anos finais, apenas atrás do Primeiro-ministro. Apresentamos um modelo assente em 3 vetores: pessoal, político e mediático - modelo que explica o domínio da arena informativa televisiva do PR pela forma como se afirmou nestes três eixos.

Abstract In this research, we investigate to what extent the President of the Portuguese Republic, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, in his first term in office, was one of the main protagonists in the news on free-to-air television channels, and the reasons behind this. Therefore, we conducted a quantitative analysis of his presence in the news shows of RTP1, RTP2, SIC and TVI, over the course of 5 years, in terms of the number and the duration of the news segments in which he was the protagonist. Subsequently, we conducted interviews with all the journalists who, during this period, served as Head of News in different television channels. We concluded that Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa was the main political actor in televised news during the first three years of his first term, and the second in the last two years, just behind the Prime Minister. We present a model based on three vectors: personal, political, and media impact that explains the dominance of Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa in the arena of television news, taking into account the way he asserted himself in these three areas.

Abstract This study aims to understand to what extent Portuguese political party leaders use the interactions accessible on Twitter, namely the retweets, mentions of other users and hyperlinks, and to observe which connection networks are created - whether within the party or outside of it, such as citizens or political actors from other parties. Additionally, we verify how political actors use Twitter to implement a strategy in the hybrid media system model, establishing links to “traditional media” such as newspapers, radio, and television. The data comprises tweets published by four Portuguese party leaders, from Partido Socialista, Partido Social Democrata, Bloco de Esquerda and Chega, during 2021 and 2022, subsequently subject to content analysis using the MAXQDA program. The research revealed that all leaders use Twitter’s interaction possibilities but with different intensities. We verified that they all employ a hybrid communication strategy by converging traditional media content in the Twitter platform. We establish a typology of communication strategies party leaders implement on Twitter from the obtained data. We also identify and characterise the possibilities that media interactions conducted by party leaders can assume in the Twitter arena.

Resumo Este estudo procura perceber até que ponto os líderes partidários portugueses utilizam as possibilidades de interação acessíveis no Twitter, nomeadamente o retweet, menção a outro utilizador e ligação web para outros endereços, e entender qual é a rede de ligações que é criada - se dentro do próprio partido, se aberta a protagonistas partidários de outras forças políticas ou a cidadãos. Adicionalmente, verificamos como é que, através do Twitter, os atores políticos põem em prática uma estratégia enquadrada no modelo mediático híbrido, estabelecendo ligações para os chamados “meios tradicionais de comunicação”, como jornais, rádio e televisão. Os dados são obtidos a partir de uma recolha de tweets publicados por quatro líderes partidários portugueses, do Partido Socialista, Partido Social Democrata, Bloco de Esquerda e Chega, em períodos específicos de 2021 e 2022, posteriormente sujeitos a análise de conteúdo e trabalhados informaticamente através do programa MAXQDA. A pesquisa revelou que todos os líderes utilizam as possibilidades de interação do Twitter, mas com intensidades diferentes. Verificámos que apostam numa estratégia de comunicação híbrida, fazendo convergir na plataforma do Twitter conteúdos dos média tradicionais. A partir dos dados obtidos foi possível estabelecer uma tipologia de estratégias de comunicação postas em prática pelos líderes partidários no Twitter, bem como identificar e caracterizar as possibilidades que as interações mediáticas, realizadas pelos líderes partidários, podem assumir na arena do Twitter.

Summary: The Integrated north region of Santa Cruz department, Bolivia is an important agro-industrial zone for the production and transformation of sugar cane into derivatives of alcohol, sugar and ethanol. The area for sugar cane cultivation is in full geographical expansion, thus, the objective of our study was to determine the texture classes of the soils planned for intensive production and future expansion. For this purposes, the counties of greatest interest are Portachuelo, Montero, Warnes, Saavedra, Mineros, Fernández Alonso, Colpa Bélgica and San Pedro. We used the soil texture classification proposed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The texture map was computed using the ordinary Kriging geostatistical model. In the study area, 459 soil samples were collected, which were classified into nine out of 12 textural classes established by USDA. Three percent of the textural classes were coarse textured soils (sand, sandy loam), 77% were medium soils (sandy loam, loam, silt loam and silt) and 20% were clayed soils (clay loam clay, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silt clay and clay). According to literature, medium-textured soils are the most suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane, which was the predominant soil texture in our study area (sandy loam = 115, sandy loam = 86 and silt loam = 153).

Resumen: La región del norte Integrado del departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia, se constituye una zona agroindustrial importante para la producción y transformación de la caña de azúcar en derivados de alcohol, azúcar y etanol; donde, la superficie destinada a la producción de este cultivo se encuentra en plena expansión geográfica. Por consiguiente, el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la clase textural de los suelos con fines de producción intensiva y de futura expansión, siendo los municipios de mayor interés Portachuelo, Montero, Warnes, Saavedra, Mineros, Fernández Alonso, Colpa Bélgica y San Pedro. La clasificación de la textura del suelo se basó en los lineamientos del Departamento de Agricultura de los Estados Unidos (USDA) y la confección del mapa de textura se realizó mediante el modelo geoestadístico de Kriging ordinaria. En el área de estudio se recolectaron 459 muestras de suelo, mismas que permitieron la clasificación en nueve clases texturales, de las 12 establecidas por USDA, de las cuales, 3% perteneció a los tipo de suelos ligeros (arena, franco arenoso), 77% a suelos medios (franco arenoso, franco, franco limoso y limo) y 20% a suelos pesados (franco arcilloso arcillo, franco arcilloso, franco arcilloso limoso, arcillo arenoso, arcillo limoso y arcilloso), identificado según el soporte bibliográfico, los suelos de textura media son los más aptos para el cultivo de la caña de azúcar. En consecuencia, en el área geográfica estudiada predominan los suelos con dichas condiciones texturales (franco arenoso = 115, franco arenoso = 86 y franco limoso = 153) ocupando un área geográfica mayor que los municipios en cuestión.

Abstract This aim of this study was to analyze levels of resilience, depression and self-efficacy among Brazilian nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study between October and December 2020. Student’s t test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the impact of two main factors (Resilience and Self-efficacy) on depression. A total of 8,792 nursing professionals participated in the study; 5,124 (58.8%) had low levels of resilience. The mean overall score for Depression was 0.74, ranging from 0.59 to 0.80, while the mean overall score for Self-efficacy was 0.68, ranging from 0.56 to 0.80. The variable that had the strongest impact on depression levels was Resilience, explaining 6.6% of the outcome (p < 0.001, AdjustedR2 = 0.066). In general, respondents had low levels of resilience and self-efficacy and showed high mean depression scores. Level of resilience had an impact on depression. The findings reveal an urgent need for actions to promote the psychological health of nursing professionals working in crisis situations such as pandemics. selfefficacy self efficacy COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic crosssectional cross sectional 2020 Students Student s test Resilience Selfefficacy Self 8792 8 792 8,79 5124 5 124 5,12 58.8% 588 58 (58.8% 074 0 74 0.74 059 59 0.5 080 80 0.80 068 68 0.68 056 56 66 6 6.6 p 0001 001 0.001 AdjustedR 0.066. 0066 0.066 . 066 0.066) general scores pandemics COVID1 1 COVID- 202 879 79 8,7 512 12 5,1 58.8 (58.8 07 7 0.7 05 0. 08 0.8 06 0.6 6. 000 00 0.00 006 0.06 20 87 8, 51 5, 58. (58. 0.0 2 (58 (5 (

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os níveis de resiliência, depressão e autoeficácia entre profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros na pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal analítico realizado entre os meses de outubro e dezembro de 2020. Foram empregados o teste T de Student, a análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla com o objetivo de investigar em que medida os dois grandes fatores (resiliência e autoeficácia) impactavam nos níveis de depressão. Participaram do estudo 8.792 profissionais de enfermagem, 5.124 (58,8%) tiveram baixos níveis de resiliência. A média da pontuação geral para “depressão” foi de 0,74 e variou de 0,59 a 0,80. A média da pontuação geral para “autoeficácia” foi de 0,68 e variou de 0,56 a 0,80. Quanto aos preditores de depressão, a variável que mais fortemente impactou os níveis de depressão foi resiliência, explicando 6,6% do desfecho (p < 0,001, R2 Ajustado = 0,066). Os participantes deste estudo tiveram, em geral, baixos níveis de resiliência e autoeficácia e maiores pontuações médias para depressão. Os níveis de resiliência impactaram a variável depressão. Urge a necessidade de ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde psicológica de profissionais de enfermagem inseridos em contextos pandêmicos. COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 COVID-19 2020 Student 8792 8 792 8.79 5124 5 124 5.12 58,8% 588 58 (58,8% “depressão 074 0 74 0,7 059 59 0,5 080 80 0,80 “autoeficácia 068 68 0,6 056 56 66 6 6,6 p 0001 001 0,001 R 0,066. 0066 0,066 . 066 0,066) pandêmicos COVID1 1 COVID-1 202 879 79 8.7 512 12 5.1 58,8 (58,8 07 7 0, 05 08 0,8 06 6, 000 00 0,00 006 0,06 COVID- 20 87 8. 51 5. 58, (58, 0,0 2 (58 (5 (

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os níveis de resiliência, depressão e autoeficácia entre profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros na pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal analítico realizado entre os meses de outubro e dezembro de 2020. Foram empregados o teste T de Student, a análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla com o objetivo de investigar em que medida os dois grandes fatores (resiliência e autoeficácia) impactavam nos níveis de depressão. Participaram do estudo 8.792 profissionais de enfermagem, 5.124 (58,8%) tiveram baixos níveis de resiliência. A média da pontuação geral para “depressão” foi de 0,74 e variou de 0,59 a 0,80. A média da pontuação geral para “autoeficácia” foi de 0,68 e variou de 0,56 a 0,80. Quanto aos preditores de depressão, a variável que mais fortemente impactou os níveis de depressão foi resiliência, explicando 6,6% do desfecho (p < 0,001, R2 Ajustado = 0,066). Os participantes deste estudo tiveram, em geral, baixos níveis de resiliência e autoeficácia e maiores pontuações médias para depressão. Os níveis de resiliência impactaram a variável depressão. Urge a necessidade de ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde psicológica de profissionais de enfermagem inseridos em contextos pandêmicos.

Abstract This aim of this study was to analyze levels of resilience, depression and self-efficacy among Brazilian nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study between October and December 2020. Student’s t test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the impact of two main factors (Resilience and Self-efficacy) on depression. A total of 8,792 nursing professionals participated in the study; 5,124 (58.8%) had low levels of resilience. The mean overall score for Depression was 0.74, ranging from 0.59 to 0.80, while the mean overall score for Self-efficacy was 0.68, ranging from 0.56 to 0.80. The variable that had the strongest impact on depression levels was Resilience, explaining 6.6% of the outcome (p < 0.001, AdjustedR2 = 0.066). In general, respondents had low levels of resilience and self-efficacy and showed high mean depression scores. Level of resilience had an impact on depression. The findings reveal an urgent need for actions to promote the psychological health of nursing professionals working in crisis situations such as pandemics.

Resumen Los suelos proporcionan bienes y servicios ecosistémicos que son afectados por la pérdida de su fertilidad; los cambios de uso de suelo orientados a la recuperación de áreas o a reducir la degradación influyen positivamente en sus propiedades. Este estudio se realizó en un suelo Regosol en Galeana, Nuevo León, donde se evaluaron propiedades físicas (textura, densidad aparente y resistencia mecánica a la penetración) y químicas (pH, conductividad eléctrica y materia orgánica) a dos profundidades (0-5 y 5-30 cm) en un bosque de pino, área de reforestación, uso agrícola y pastizal. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas en la mayoría de las propiedades evaluadas entre usos de suelo y profundidad. La resistencia mecánica a la penetración del suelo fue una de las variables más susceptible para el uso agrícola (8.25 kg cm-2), a diferencia del bosque (22.5 kg cm-2). El pH no evidenció cambios entre los usos del suelo, mientras que entre profundidades se incrementó y presentó diferencias con una media de 7.75 (0-5 cm) y 7.81 (5-30 cm); y no hubo problemas de salinidad (0.17 dS m-1). El contenido de materia orgánica (MO) registró una tendencia de recuperación en el orden de pastizal>bosque de pino>reforestación>agrícola. La textura se clasificó como franca, con diferencias en el contenido de arena para el factor profundidad y en el de limo en el estrato de 5-30 cm entre los diferentes usos. Se concluye que los cambios de uso de suelo enfocados hacia la recuperación de áreas pueden mejorar la calidad del Regosol.

Abstract Soils provide ecosystem goods and services that are affected by the loss of their fertility; land use changes aimed at recovering areas or reducing degradation have a positive influence on their properties. This study was conducted in a Regosol soil in Galeana, Nuevo León, where physical (texture, bulk density, and mechanical resistance to penetration) and chemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, and organic matter) were evaluated at two depths (0-5 and 5-30 cm) in a pine forest, reforestation area, agricultural use, and grassland. The results showed no significant differences in most of the properties evaluated between soil uses and depths. Mechanical resistance to soil penetration was one of the most susceptible variables for agricultural use (8.25 kg cm-2), as opposed to forest (22.5 kg cm-2). The pH did not show changes between soil uses, while it increased and showed differences between depths with a mean of 7.75 (0-5 cm) and 7.81 (5-30 cm), and there were no salinity issues (0.17 dS m-1). The organic matter (OM) content showed a recovery trend in the order of grassland>pine forest>reforestation>agriculture. Texture was classified as loam, with differences in sand content for the depth factor and silt content in the 5-30 cm stratum between the different land uses. It is concluded that land use changes focused on reclamation can improve the quality of Regosol.

RESUMEN Este estudio analiza los cambios verticales y laterales de las facies al igual que las características petrográficas en una sección de un afloramiento en la formación Shendi del Cretácico Superior, en el área de Musawwarat Naga (Sudán), con el objetivo de interpretar el ambiente deposicional, la procedencia y la configuración tectónica que prevaleció durante la deposición de los sedimentos. Los estudios de campo revelan la presencia de ocho litofacies sedimentarias diferentes. La predominante es la facies de piedra arenisca de cama cruzada (St), que representa el 75 % de la sucesión total. Se reconocieron cuatro elementos arquitectónicos: lechos de arena (SB); relleno de canales (CH), barras y lechos de gravas (GB), y sedimentos finos de aluviales (OF). Además, la media de las direcciones de paleocorrientes fue de 285.3°, lo que sugiere que el área de la fuente está ubicada en el sudeste. La mayoría de las areniscas se clasificaron como cuarzoarenitas con arenitas sublíticas subordinadas. Diagramas ternarios de cuarzo-feldespato-fragmentos líticos (QFL) revelaron que la configuración tectónica está predominantemente en el interior del cratón. Puede sugerirse que los sedimentos provienen del sudeste y están asociados con un ambiente deposicional trenzado, proximal y fluvial. Los resultados de este estudio proveen datos analógicos que podrían ser útiles en la exploración de hidrocarburos. Especificamente, pueden mejorar el conocimiento y predicción de los estilos deposicionales fluvial proximales en los depósitos de la subsuperficie de la cuenca de Shendi-Atbara y cuencas de características similares en Sudán y África.

ABSTRACT This study examines both vertical and lateral facies changes as well as petrographic characteristics of the outcropping section of the Upper Cretaceous Shendi Formation in the Musawwarat-Naga area with a view of interpreting the depositional environment, provenance, and tectonic setting that prevailed during the deposition of the sediments. Field studies revealed the presence of eight different sedimentary lithofacies. The predominant is the trough cross-bedded sandstone facies (St), representing 75% of the total succession. Four architectural elements were recognized: sandy bedforms (SB), channel fill (CH), gravelly bars and bedforms (GB), and overbank fines (OF). Moreover, the mean value of paleocurrent directions was 285.3°, suggesting a southeasterly located source area. The majority of the sandstones were classified as quartz arenites with subordinate sublithic-arenites. Ternary plots of quartz-felds-par-lithic fragments (QFL) revealed that the tectonic setting is predominantly within the interior craton. It can be suggested that the sediments were sourced from the southeast region and associated with a braided, proximal, fluvial depositional environment. The results of this study provide outcrop analog data that might be useful in exploring hydrocarbons. Specifically, it can enhance the understanding and prediction of the proximal fluvial depositional styles in the subsurface deposits in the Shendi-Atbara Basin and similar rift basins in Sudan and Africa.

ABSTRACT The modernization of the Spanish-American press in the last third of the 19th century was a phenomenon that included, at least in the case of Chile, the articulation between new reading audiences and textual genres adapted to its heterogeneous communicational needs. This scenario led to the overcoming of a doctrinaire journalistic model, focused on the sole defense of the partisan interests of each medium, to an integrative model, delivering instructive but also fruitive readings. In this context, the aim of this study is to analyze one of the first fashion newspapers in the history of the Chilean press, La Semana magazine, founded in Valparaíso by businessman Julio Chaigneau, in order to account for the editorial strategies it adopted to invent / occupy the public space of fashion. We use the operative notion of journalistic strategy proposed by Eduardo Santa Cruz on a textual corpus recovered from an archive work at the National Library of Chile. We concluded that, despite being installed from a commercial and discursive space of pleasant and banal reading, La Semana also worked as a highly politicized media device, which managed to articulate with the emerging social actors that integrated the progressive and democratic forces during the presidential elections of 1876.

RESUMEN La modernización de la prensa hispanoamericana a partir del último tercio del siglo XIX fue un fenómeno que incluyó, por lo menos en el caso de Chile, la articulación entre nuevos públicos lectores y géneros textuales adecuados a sus heterogéneas necesidades de consumo informativo. Este escenario propició la superación de un modelo periodístico estrictamente doctrinario, centrado en la defensa de los intereses partidistas que cada medio representaba en la arena pública, para ofrecer lecturas centradas en la información, la instrucción y la entretención. En este contexto, se desarrolló una prensa orientada a satisfacer los intereses del mercado lector femenino, destacándose, dentro de este campo, la llamada "prensa de moda'! El objetivo de este estudio es analizar uno de los primeros periódicos de modas en la historia de la prensa chilena, la revista La Semana (1874-1877) de Valparaíso, a fin de dar cuenta de las estrategias editoriales adoptadas por este semanario para inventar/ocupar el espacio público de la moda. Para ello, empleamos la noción operativa de estrategia periodística propuesta por Eduardo Santa Cruz sobre un corpus textual recuperado a partir de un trabajo de archivo en la hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Se concluye que, pese a instalarse comercialmente en el mercado de la lectura amena y banal, La Semana funcionó también como un dispositivo mediático altamente politizado, que se articuló con las demandas democratizadoras de los emergentes grupos mesocráticos y populares durante las elecciones presidenciales de 1876.

Resumen A través del análisis de la fabricación y circulación de la materialidad del ‘kit gay’ en la red social Twitter en el contexto de las elecciones presidenciales de 2018, este artículo aborda la fuerza afectiva y política del discurso de protección a la infancia contra peligros sexuales en la producción de un pánico moral. Argumenta que, al articular eficazmente las cruzadas anti-pedofilia y anti-género, el ‘kit gay’, entendido como artefacto político y categoría de acusación, produjo efectos decisivos en la arena política brasileña contemporánea. kit gay 2018 moral que antipedofilia anti pedofilia antigénero, antigénero género, género anti-género gay, , acusación contemporánea 201 20 2

Abstract Based on the analysis of the manufacturing and circulation of the materiality of the “kit gay” on the social media platform Twitter, in the context of the 2018 presidential elections, the article addresses the affective and political force of the discourse on protecting children against sexual dangers in the production of moral panic. It argues that by effectively articulating the anti-pedophilia and anti-gender crusades, the “kit gay,” understood as a political artifact and category of accusation, produced decisive effects in the contemporary Brazilian political arena. kit gay Twitter 201 elections panic antipedophilia anti pedophilia antigender gender crusades gay, accusation arena 20 2

Resumo A partir da análise da fabricação e circulação da materialidade do “kit gay” na rede social Twitter no contexto das eleições presidenciais de 2018, o artigo aborda a força afetiva e política do discurso de proteção à infância contra perigos sexuais na produção de um pânico moral. Argumenta que, ao articular eficazmente as cruzadas anti-pedofilia e antigênero, o “kit gay”, entendido como artefato político e categoria de acusação, produziu efeitos decisivos na arena política brasileira contemporânea. kit gay 2018 moral que antipedofilia anti pedofilia antigênero gay, , acusação contemporânea 201 20 2

Resumen: En México los sistemas productivos de chile (Capsicum spp.) se han intensificado gradualmente a fin de obtener mejores rendimientos y generar mayores ingresos, situación que ha posicionado al país como segundo productor y principal exportador de chile en el mundo al generar en promedio al año alrededor de dos billones de pesos por concepto de exportación; no obstante, la intensificación de algunas prácticas asociadas a esta actividad agrícola han generado infertilidad y salinización del suelo, motivo por el cual el objetivo de la investigación sea evaluar la calidad agronómica del suelo de diferentes áreas productoras de chile en la región del acuífero Calera del estado de Zacatecas. Durante dos ciclos consecutivos se realizó un muestreo de suelos apegado a la NOM-021-RECNAT-2000 en parcelas destinadas cultivó chile a fin de determinar los parámetros de fertilidad y fisicoquímicos. Los resultados aportaron evidencia de la variedad de agroquímicos y del excedente de fertilizantes fosforados y potásicos que se aplican durante el ciclo productivo, situación que eleva considerablemente los costos. El contenido de sales que se encontró en el suelo fue bajo con una relación media de absorción de sodio, lo que los clasifica como C1-S2; no se registraron altas concentraciones de sales sódicas y los valores de CE fueron bajos, sin embargo, las concentraciones de nutrientes fueron muy bajas a pesar de la neutralidad del pH. Esas características pueden atribuirse a que son suelos con alto contenido de arena con problemas de compactación por el sistema convencional mecanizado y por la falta de estrategias de conservación, por lo tanto, la dinámica para la producción de chile en la región está impactando de manera negativa sobre la calidad del suelo.

Summary: In México, the productive systems of chili (Capsicum spp.) have been gradually intensified in order to obtain better yields and generate higher incomes, a situation that has positioned the country as the second producer and main exporter of chili in the world, generating on average per year around two billion pesos for exports; however, the intensification of some practices associated with this agricultural activity have generated infertility and salinization of the soil, which is why the objective of the research is to evaluate the agronomic quality of the soil in different chili-producing areas in the Calera del Aquifer region. Zacatecas state. During two consecutive cycles, soil sampling was carried out in accordance with NOM-021-RECNAT-2000 in plots destined for chili cultivation in order to determine fertility and physicochemical parameters. The results provided evidence of the variety of agrochemicals and the surplus of phosphorous and potassium fertilizers that are applied during the production cycle, a situation that considerably raises costs. The salt content found in the soil was low with a medium sodium absorption ratio, which classifies them as C1-S2; high concentrations of sodium salts were not recorded and EC values were low, however, nutrient concentrations were very low despite the neutral pH. These characteristics can be attributed to the fact that they are soils with a high content of sand with compaction problems due to the conventional mechanized system and due to the lack of conservation strategies, therefore, the dynamics to produce chili in the region is having a negative impact. on soil quality.