ABSTRACT This article presents the issue of water access in the context of the Paraguayan Chaco and the alternative that the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), Pro Comunidades Indígenas (PCI), along with indigenous and peasant communities in the area, has been experimenting with to address the problem; from water access to the challenge of its treatment and purification for human consumption. The methodological approach of this research is qualitative, employing participant observation and semi-structured interviews with technicians, coordinators of the implementing institution of the nature-based safe water system, and community leaders. Additionally, bibliographic consultations and review of PCI institutional documents were conducted to obtain secondary data. The results of this study provide a description of PCI's experiences and lessons learned about a nature-based safe water treatment system, which utilizes biofilters such as stone, gravel, sand, and charcoal. This article covers the trials for the construction of the sys- tem, explains its operation, and discusses its implementation in communities. The nature-based safe water system proves effective for small populations and provides a solution to a long-standing problem in the Chaco territory. Its construction is easy, short-term, and much less costly than conventional water treatment systems. Additionally, the joint construction of the system with the residents, technical training in its operation and maintenance, greatly contributes to its sustainability. This article contributes to the identification, application, and study of suitable water systems for areas with difficult access to this vital liquid, such as the Paraguayan Chaco. Furthermore, it is an innovative and eco-friendly system, meaning it is environmentally friendly.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta la problemática del acceso al agua en el contexto del Chaco paraguayo y la alternativa que la Organización No Gubernamental (ONG), Pro Comunidades Indígenas (PCI), junto con las comunidades indígenas y campesinas de la zona, ha venido ensayando para buscar solución a la problemática; desde el acceso al agua hasta el desafío de su tratamiento y potabilización para el consumo humano. El enfoque metodológico de esta investigación es cualitativo, empleando la observación-participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas con técnicos, coordinadores de la institución ejecutora del sistema de agua segura basado en la naturaleza y líderes comunitarios. Además, se realizaron consultas bibliográficas y revisión de documentos institucionales de PCI para obtener datos secundarios. Los resultados de este estudio arrojan la descripción de las experiencias y las lecciones aprendidas de PCI sobre un sistema de tratamiento de agua segura basado en la naturaleza, que utiliza los llamados biofiltros, como piedra, grava, arena y carbón. Este artículo parte de los ensayos para la construcción del sistema, la explicación del funcionamiento de este hasta su implementación en las comunidades. El sistema de agua segura basado en la naturaleza resulta efectivo para poblaciones pequeñas y proporciona una solución a una problemática de larga data en el territorio chaqueño. Su construcción es fácil, de corto plazo y mucho menos costoso que el sistema convencional de tratamiento de agua. Así también, la construcción conjunta del sistema con los pobladores, la capacitación técnica a los mismos en su operación y mantenimiento, contribuyen enormemente a la sostenibilidad de este. Este artículo es una contribución a la identificación, aplicación y estudio de sistemas de agua adecuados para zonas de difícil acceso a este líquido vital, como es el caso del Chaco paraguayo. Además, se trata de un sistema innovador y ecológico, es decir, amigable con el medio ambiente.

Resumo: Este artigo analisa as discussões sobre o modelo alemão de aprendizagem dupla durante o diálogo social tripartite realizadona Costa Rica entre 27 de fevereiro e 1º de setembro de 2017. Essa arena de diálogo, moderada pela Organização Internacional do Trabalho, contou com a participação de representantes de empresas, sindicatos e do governo. A análise se concentra nas representações sociais e nas referências intersubjetivas especificamente desenvolvidas por atores estatais e paraestatais sobre as características e os potenciais do modelo alemão de aprendizagem dupla para resolver determinados problemas sociais na Costa Rica. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com representantes do Estado que participaram do diálogo, bem como com representantes paraestatais que estiveram envolvidos nas discussões sobre o tema. Como resultado, uma das principais constatações é que, na dinâmica da cooperação política, o modelo alemão de aprendizagem dual é tratado como um produto de “exportação/importação” capaz de resolver problemas como o desemprego juvenil e a pobreza entre os jovens. A referência ao modelo alemão de melhores práticas e à Alemanha como tal é usada para limitar a participação adequada dos atores e a compreensão dos problemas sociais.

Resumen: Este artículo analiza las discusiones sobre el modelo alemán de aprendizaje dual durante el diálogo social tripartito celebrado en Costa Rica entre el 27 de febrero y el 1 de setiembre de 2017. A este escenario de diálogo, moderado por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo, asistieron representantes de empresas, sindi- catos y el gobierno. El análisis se centra en las representaciones sociales y referencias intersubjetivas elaboradas específicamente por actores estatales y paraestatales sobre las características y potencialidades del modelo alemán de aprendizaje dual para resolver determinados problemas sociales en Costa Rica. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a representantes estatales que participaron en el diálogo, así como a representantes paraestatales que intervinieron en las discusiones sobre el tema. Como resultado, uno de los principales hallazgos es que, dentro de la dinámica de cooperación política, el modelo alemán de aprendizaje dual es tratado como un producto de “exportación/importación” capaz de resolver problemas como el desempleo juvenil y la pobreza entre los jóvenes. La referencia al modelo alemán de buenas prácticas y a Alemania como tal se utiliza para limitar la adecuada participación de los actores y la comprensión de los problemas sociales.

Abstract: This article analyzes the discussions on the German dual apprenticeship model during the tripartite social dialogue held in Costa Rica between February 27 and September 1, 2017. This dialogue arena, moderated by the International Labour Organization, was attended by representatives of companies, trade unions, and the government. The analysis focuses on the social representations and intersubjective references specifically developed by state and parastatal actors on the characteristics and potentials of the German dual apprenticeship model to solve certain social problems in Costa Rica. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with state representatives who participated in the dialogue, as well as with parastatal representatives who were involved in the discussions on the topic. As a result, one of the main findings is that within the dynamics of political cooperation, the German dual apprenticeship model is treated as an “export/import” product capable of solving problems such as youth unemployment and poverty among young people. The reference to the German best practice model and to Germany as such is used to limit the adequate participation of actors and the understanding of social problems.

RESUMO Introdução: a prática esportiva de alto rendimento no futebol de areia demanda um gasto significativo de energia do corpo humano. Produto das condições contextuais onde se realiza o gesto desportivo. É por isso que especificar exercícios baseados na adaptação dos jogadores à arena é uma questão importante para a comunidade científica. Objetivo: avaliar a relevância de uma estratégia pedagógica para adaptação ao futebol de praia. Materiais e métodos: durante a pesquisa foram utilizados métodos teóricos, empíricos e estatísticos de acordo com as características do desenho transversal assumido na pesquisa. Resultados: os resultados obtidos no estudo apresentam alto nível de validade, pois foram corroborados com a aplicação de técnicas estatísticas. Além disso, isso levou à identificação do nível de relevância da proposta apresentada. Conclusões: ficou evidente a necessidade e atualidade da pesquisa apresentada, uma vez que a estratégia pedagógica para a adaptação ao futebol de praia é uma necessidade social do esporte equatoriano hoje.

RESUMEN Introducción: la práctica deportiva de alto rendimiento en el fútbol sobre arena le demanda al organismo humano un gasto importante de energía. Producto de las condiciones contextuales donde se realiza el gesto deportivo. Es por ello que concretar ejercicios en función de la adaptación de los jugadores a la arena es un tema de importancia para la comunidad científica. Objetivo: valorar la pertinencia de una estrategia pedagógica para la adaptación al fútbol playa. Materiales y métodos: durante la investigación se utilizaron métodos teóricos empíricos y estadísticos en correspondencia a las características de diseño transversal asumido en la investigación. Resultados: los resultados obtenidos en el estudio presentan un alto nivel de validez, pues así fue corroborado con la aplicación de las técnicas estadísticas. Además, esto conllevó a identificar el nivel de pertinencia de la propuesta presentada. Conclusiones: quedó evidenciada la necesidad y actualidad de la investigación presentada pues la estrategia pedagógica para la adaptación al fútbol playa en una necesidad social para el deporte ecuatoriano en la actualidad.

ABSTRACT Introduction: High-performance beach soccer practice demands enormous energy consumption due to the context where the game takes place. Therefore, designing and implementing a set of exercises for player adjustments to these conditions is critical for the scientific community. Aim: To assess the pertinence of a pedagogic strategy for athlete adjustment to beach soccer. Materials and methods: Various theoretical, empirical, and statistical methods were used, in accordance with the transversal design assumed in the research. Results: The results of the study were validated through the application of statistical techniques, confirming the pertinence of the proposal. Conclusion: The suitability of the proposal was demonstrated since the pedagogic strategy for adjusting to the beach soccer settings is a social need for the present-day Ecuadorian sport.

Abstract Background: Inland sand dunes are expanding and increasing mobility. Knowledge on the plants growing on them is keystone for their management. One of the largest inland dune systems in Mexico is the Médanos de Samalayuca area. Questions: How many and which species of vascular plants are in Samalayuca? Which is the distribution pattern of that flora? Are there endemisms? Are there species of conservation concern? Studied species: Vascular plants. Study site and dates: Médanos de Samalayuca protected area, northern Chihuahua, Mexico; 2017-2022. Methods: A database was generated based on literature, electronic sources, herbarium specimens, photographing, and collection and identification of materials. Distribution, endemism level and conservation status were recorded. Results: The updated checklist of vascular plants for Samalayuca includes 400 species of 246 genera and 65 families. Most species grow in Mixed desert scrub and in Sand dune vegetation. Almost a half are restricted to the Megamexico 1 region, followed by the North American element. One species is Threatened according to the Mexican Official Norm NOM-059, while two are Vulnerable and one is Almost threatened according to the IUCN. Ribes fontinale appears to be extinct. Conclusions: Considering the arid, extreme climate and the low stability of the psammophilous vegetation, the flora of Samalayuca is richer than expected. The area is home to regional and local endemics. The data and information generated here is baseline for further management programs and action planning to protect these fragile ecosystems and the adjacent communities.

Resumen Antecedentes: Las dunas de arena de interior se están expandiendo e incrementando movilidad. El conocimiento sobre sus plantas es clave para su manejo. En México, uno de los mayores sistemas de dunas de interior es el área de los Médanos de Samalayuca. Preguntas: ¿Cuántas y cuáles especies de plantas vasculares hay en Samalayuca? ¿Qué patrón de distribución presenta esa flora? ¿Hay endemismos? ¿Existen especies en estado de riesgo? Especies de estudio: Plantas vasculares. Sitio y años de estudio: Área de protección Médanos de Samalayuca, Chihuahua, México; 2017-2022. Métodos: Se generó una base de datos con base en revisión de literatura, fuentes electrónicas, especímenes de herbario, fotografías y colección e identificación de material botánico. Se registró la distribución, grado de endemismo y estado de conservación de cada especie. Resultados: La lista florística incluye 400 especies de 246 géneros y 65 familias. La mayoría crecen en Matorral desértico micrófilo y en Vegetación de dunas arenosas. Casi la mitad se restringen a la región conocida como Megamexico 1 y 32 % son Norteamericanas. Una está Amenazada de acuerdo a la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059, mientras dos son Vulnerables y una Casi amenazada de acuerdo a la IUCN. Ribes fontinale parece estar extinta. Conclusiones: Considerando el clima árido y extremo y la inestabilidad de la vegetación psamófila, la flora de Samalayuca es más rica de lo esperado. El área alberga endemismos regionales y locales. La información generada puede apoyar programas de manejo y acciones para proteger estos frágiles ecosistemas.

Abstract The wilt or damping-off of husk tomato is a disease caused by fungi originating in the soil, among which Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Rhizoctonia solani stand out, causing losses due to the lack of resistant varieties. This study aimed to determine the response of husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.), Dalí, Siqueiros, and Tamayo hybrids, as well as cv. Gabriela, Puebla, San Miguel, and Tecozautla, to pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum, M. phaseolina, and R. solani. The study was conducted under greenhouse conditions; sterilized substrate of river sand + peat (1:3 v/v) was placed in pots and then inoculated with three isolates of F. oxysporum 1.6x105 CFU, two of M. phaseolina, and three of R. solani (8 g of infested sorghum seed/pot, of each fungus). Five seeds of the corresponding husk tomato cultivar were deposited in each pot, then covered with the same substrate and incubated for 30 days. A completely randomized design was used, with three repetitions (pots). In the control treatment, the seeds were sown on soil without fungus. The emergence of seedlings was estimated nine days after sowing (das), and the severity of infection for each of the pathogens (scale of 0-5) at 30 das. Data were analyzed using nonparametric statistics. The seven cultivars tested were susceptible to the species F. oxysporum, M. phaseolina, and R. solani; some of the isolates tested exerted a significant differential effect of virulence on some of the varieties studied.

Resumen La marchitez o secadera del tomatillo es una enfermedad causada por hongos con origen en el suelo, entre los que destacan Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina y Rhizoctonia solani, causando pérdidas por la carencia de variedades resistentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la respuesta del tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.), híbridos Dalí, Siqueiros y Tamayo, así como los cv. Gabriela, Puebla, San Miguel y Tecozautla, hacia aislados patogénicos de F. oxysporum, M. phaseolina y R. solani. El estudio se realizó bajo condiciones de invernadero, en macetas se colocó arena de río + sustrato de turba (1:3 v/v) esterilizado y después se inoculó, con tres aislados de F. oxysporum 1.6x105 UFC, dos de M. paseolina y tres de R. solani (8 g de semilla de sorgo infestada/maceta, de cada hongo). En cada maceta se depositaron cinco semillas del cultivar de tomatillo correspondiente, luego se taparon con el mismo sustrato e incubaron por 30 días. Se utilizó un diseño completo al azar, con tres repeticiones (macetas). En el tratamiento testigo las semillas se sembraron sobre suelo sin hongo. A los nueve días después de la siembra (dds) se estimó la emergencia de plántulas, 30 dds, la severidad de la infección de por cada uno de los patógenos (escala de 0-5). Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística no paramétrica. Los siete cultivares probados fueron susceptibles a las especies F. oxysporum, M. phaseolina y R. solani, algunos de los aislados probados ejercieron un efecto significativo diferencial de virulencia, en algunas de las variedades estudiadas.

Abstract Objective To construct and validate a synchronous and observational telesimulation design in nursing for care according to in-hospital basic life support protocol for adults. Methods A methodological study based on the phases of the theoretical procedure carried out through a scoping review; empirical phase developed through the telesimulated design content validity and analytical phase in which the content validity index was adopted. Results A care design was constructed according to the basic life support protocol, going through six steps: planning, preparation, participation, teledebriefing, assessment and feedback and additional learning, with a Content Validity Index of 0.96. Conclusion The developed design was considered valid in content to plan and execute telesimulation by nursing and still be adapted to other educational contexts.

Resumen Objetivo Elaborar y validar un diseño de telesimulación sincrónica y observacional de enfermería para la atención de acuerdo con el protocolo de soporte vital básico intrahospitalario en adultos. Métodos Estudio metodológico basado en las fases del procedimiento teórico realizado por medio de una scoping review, fase empírica llevada cabo a través de la validación de contenido del diseño telesimulado y fase analítica en la que se adoptó el índice de validez de contenido. Resultados Se elaboró un diseño para la atención de acuerdo con el protocolo de soporte vital básico que atravesó seis etapas: planificación, preparación, participación, teledebriefing, evaluación y feedback y aprendizaje adicional, con un Índice de Validez de Contenido de 0,96. Conclusión El diseño elaborado fue considerado válido en contenido para planificar y ejecutar la telesimulación por parte de enfermeros y además puede adaptarse a otros contextos educativos.

Resumo Objetivo Construir e validar um design de telessimulação síncrona e observacional em enfermagem para o atendimento segundo o protocolo de suporte básico de vida intra-hospitalar no adulto. Métodos Estudo metodológico baseado nas fases do procedimento teórico realizado por meio de uma scoping review; fase empírica desenvolvida através da validação de conteúdo do design telessimulado e fase analítica em que adotou-se o índice de validade de conteúdo. Resultados Construiu-se um design para o atendimento segundo o protocolo de suporte básico de vida percorrendo seis etapas: o planejamento, preparação, participação, teledebriefing, avaliação e feedback e a aprendizagem adicional, com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 0,96. Conclusão O design desenvolvido foi considerado válido em conteúdo para planejar e executar a telessimulação pela enfermagem e ainda ser adaptado a outros contextos educacionais.

Resumo A ausência de um debate mais amplo sobre prevenção do HIV e o recrudescimento do conservadorismo, nos últimos anos, podem ter impactado nas concepções e nas práticas dos jovens em relação ao HIV/aids. Entrevistas semiestruturadas conduzidas com 194 jovens, de 16 a 24 anos, em quatro capitais e duas cidades do interior do Brasil, revelaram que, para eles, a aids é percebida como uma “doença que não tem cara”, sendo impossível identificar quem tem HIV. As concepções sobre o HIV oscilam entre o medo e a percepção de que é tratável. O risco foi percebido como algo abstrato, que não é central nas preocupações cotidianas, cujo foco é evitar uma gravidez. O uso do preservativo é visto como uma estratégia temporária de prevenção, rapidamente substituído pela confiança na parceria sexual. As tecnologias de informação disponíveis parecem não ter sido capazes de fazer frente ao aumento do conservadorismo e à carência de políticas de prevenção do HIV entre os jovens. Essas políticas devem passar pela melhora na provisão de informações de qualidade, adaptadas aos interesses dos jovens, pela ampliação da oferta dos diferentes insumos de prevenção, e também devem trazer as IST e o HIV de volta para a arena de discussões.

Abstract The lack of a broader debate on HIV prevention and the resurgence of conservatism in recent years may have influenced the perceptions and practices of young people regarding HIV/AIDS. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 194 young individuals, aged 16 to 24, in four state capitals and two small municipalities in Brazil, revealed that they perceive AIDS as a “faceless disease,” making it impossible to identify who has HIV. Conceptions about HIV oscillate between fear and the perception that it is treatable. The risk was perceived as abstract, something that is not central to daily concerns, with the primary focus being in preventing pregnancy. Condom use is seen as a temporary prevention strategy, quickly replaced by trust in the sexual partnership. Available information technology appears unable to address the rise in conservatism and the lack of HIV prevention policies among young people. These policies should improve the provision of quality information tailored to the interest of young people, expand the availability of various prevention resources, and bring STIs and HIV back into the discussion arena.

The literature on the construction of places of worship has predominantly shown difficulties, rejection and disharmony among religious communities. This study aims to describe and analyzed the success story of the construction of the Santa Monica church in Tangerang. This is a qualitative study conducted over a month-long period using primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through observation and interviews, while secondary data were obtained through formal and informal policy reviews available online. The informants involved in this study amounted to eight people consisting of church leaders and administrators, local leaders, religious leaders, religious organizations and the Ministry of Religious Affairs. Data were analyzed using content analysis methods. The results of the study show that the ability of church leaders and administrators to build good social and cultural relations with the community was a key element in their success in obtaining permission to build the church. This was achieved through effective communication, dialogue and cooperation between the Catholic community, leaders and the predominantly Islamic local community. Active involvement in daily activities had a positive impact, fostering mutual trust and peaceful coexistence, ultimately resulting in the local community's support and approval for the establishment of the place of worship. Thus, the church construction committee was able to meet all administrative requirements as stipulated by government regulations. This study recommends the importance of good social and cultural relations as the fundamental basis and determinant of success for religious communities seeking to construct places of worship. CONTRIBUTION: This article contributes to the goal of HTS Theological Studies in promoting the transdisciplinary aspect of religious studies in the international theological arena, particularly in the study of religious harmony among communities in Indonesia

In Cabo Delgado, Mozambique, the year of 2020 marked a dramatic escalation of military activities of the Islamist insurgent group locally known as Al-Shabab or mashababe. This intensification was accompanied by a more immaterial phenomenon: the rise in prominence of social media, both as battleground and as public forum. While the insurgents sacked and occupied major towns and district headquarters, the Web 2.0 networks - Facebook and WhatsApp especially - became the central arena in which the war was apprehended and discussed. This essay is an exploration of the entwining of social media with the 'new war' in Cabo Delgado, focussing on the events that surround the conquest of the Makonde plateau, mythical cradle of the Mozambican liberation struggle. Building on a budding literature on digital militarism, the essay dwells especially on orality and the use of the voice note as a medium to convey information deemed to be more trustworthy and stable than images. Tracking these media and their interrelations, the essay establishes a narrative, however fragmentary, of the downfall of the Makonde plateau; highlights recurring features of violence in the Cabo Delgado conflict; and provides fresh insight into the formation of the Local Force (Força Local), a State-sponsored militia largely constituted by war veterans.

The fact that Pentecostal Christianity is the fastest growing form of Christianity in Africa can no longer be a subject of debate. Christianity, one of the major religions in the world, has been growing at unprecedented rates in sub-Saharan Africa. What is being observed on the religious atmosphere is the Pentecostalisation of African Christianity in Africa in general and Zimbabwe in particular. From 2009 onwards, Zimbabwe has experienced a mushrooming spree of contemporary Pentecostalism. Though conglomerate in nature, three ecclesiastical figures overshadow the rest, namely Emmanuel Makandiwa's United Family International Church, Uebert Angel of Good News Church and Walter Magaya of Prophetic, Healing and Deliverance Ministries. The three Pentecostal figures became highly popular through the propagation of the Gospel of Prosperity with vigour and vitality. Their presence in the Zimbabwean religious arena has attracted mixed perceptions. Some people view them as rippers of peoples' hard-earned monies, while others regard them as true prophets - the messengers of God. The million-dollar question remains: Are they catalysts or antidotes to downward social mobility? This article grapples to assess whether the 'Big Three' contemporary Pentecostal prophets serve as propellers or dispellers of downward social mobility. The Big Three are antidotes based on three arguments: (1) Propagation of the Gospel of Prosperity, (2) miracle performances and (3) societal empowerment champions. On the other hand, the prophets are catalysts based on three arguments: white-collar prophecy, negation of social justice and preferential option for the Powerful. Through the application of the justitia pro-povo oprimido liberation hermeneutics, the study argues that the 'Big Three' ecclesiastical clergymen serve more as catalysts to downward social mobility than antidotes to downward social mobility. The justitia pro-povo oprimido liberation hermeneutics is a new methodological approach invented by the author based on liberation theology that sees Christianity as seeking the justice of the oppressed. CONTRIBUTION: The article critically reflects on rise of contemporary Pentecostalism in Zimbabwe focussing on the three outstanding prophets - Emmanuel Makandiwa, Uebert Angel and Walter Magaya. While the three clergymen contributed immensely, both positively and negatively to the rise and development of African Pentecostalisation of Zimbabwe, the justitia pro-povo oprimido liberation hermeneutics reveals the contemporary Pentecostal figures as propellers of downward social mobility.

This article explores how the Western theology often employed by European explorers sought to deify 'whiteness'. Whiteness as an ideological construction found the ideal tool in Christianity and through supersessionism detached Jesus of Nazareth from his Jewish roots and clothed him in whiteness, thus making white maleness the idol that all creatures must aspire towards. In defiance, liberation theologians, in particular James Cone, coined the possibility that 'Jesus is black'. Thus, the possibility of Jesus being anything to anyone becomes conceivable. Such a usurpation of the Jesus of Nazareth on either side opens the possibility of recreating Jesus in one's image. This is the coin of idolatry that this article will argue sits at the heart of modern theology. Assuming a dialectical hermeneutic of suspicion, this article explores the problem of modern theology and how some liberation theologies may continue to play second fiddle to the whiteness perpetuated by western theologies like pruning a bonsai tree. Notwithstanding the challenges of decolonising theology, this search conceives the possibility of a non-ideological Christianity that may be confronting the whiteness of western theology and its associated atrocities. Such a quest may lead to a framing of a transformative theology based on honest and interrogative encounter between modern theology and cultural and traditional spiritualities. CONTRIBUTION: This article explores how liberation theology can become a major player in the theology arena without always playing second fiddle to Western theologies. Exploring decoloniality confronts whiteness in terms of political theology that interlinks anthropology, economics and social welfare.

Although women are the centre of African society, not much scholarly attention has been given to these conduits of human development in the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe. The stories of individual women have never formed part of Methodist historiography, ecclesiology, or theology. Methodist scholars exercised this pigeonholing even though women contribute to the life and mission of the church in a formidable way. Moreover, the ministers' wives who are the leaders of the women's movement that has the majority of church membership in the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe have also not received scholarly attention despite how they have dedicated their lives to supporting their husband's ministry. As a result, lay members of the women's movement would not be expected to be celebrated as most Methodist scholars are male ministers who have never celebrated the work of their wives. This article was motivated by the appointment of Mrs. Sipiwe Chisvo, an ordinary member of the Women's Fellowship from the low-density suburb of Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe to be the first black President of the World Federation of the Methodist and Uniting Church Women in 2022. Chisvo actively participated in the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe's interventions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and presumably, this contributed towards her visibility and recognition in the international arena. CONTRIBUTION: Although African women often remain in the peripheries of culture, Sipiwe Chisvo is an example of a religious African woman who gave hope to the hopeless people during COVID-19 and this role contributed immensely to her appointment as the president of the World Federation of the Methodist and Uniting Church Women. With this identity, Chisvo represents selfless services rendered by African women to communities during pandemics and these services do not go unnoticed

Abstract Background: Studies on social participation point out some limitations in participatory architecture. For this reason, the World Health Organization designed a model with key components for bringing civil society and governments closer together. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the aspects that influence participation based on the components proposed by the World Health Organization. Methodology: This case study used a qualitative and cross-sectional approach. Data were collected through document analysis, non-participant observation, and semi-structured interviews in 2020 and 2021 with the municipal health council members of an inland city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Results: Weaknesses were observed in the council’s institutional structure, such as excessive bureaucracy, lack of user representativeness, and council members’ insecurity regarding the municipality’s health-related economic-financial issues. Conclusion: There is a need to strengthen the culture of participation in this municipal health council, disseminate the activities developed, and reformulate the technical-bureaucratic dynamics that predominate in this environment.

Resumen Marco contextual: Los estudios sobre participación social señalan algunas limitaciones en la arquitectura participativa, por lo que la Organización Mundial de la Salud ha diseñado un modelo que hace hincapié en las dimensiones constitutivas para acercar a la sociedad civil y a los gobiernos. Objetivos: El estudio pretendía identificar los elementos que influyen en la participación en función de las dimensiones propuestas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio de caso, con un enfoque cualitativo y transversal, que se llevó a cabo mediante el análisis documental, la observación no participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas en los años 2020 y 2021 con los consejeros del CMS de una ciudad brasileña del interior del estado de São Paulo. Resultados: Se observaron deficiencias en las arquitecturas institucionales del consejo estudiado, tales como la excesiva burocracia, la falta de representatividad de los usuarios, la inseguridad de los consejeros en los asuntos económicos y financieros relacionados con la salud del municipio. Conclusión: Se sugiere la necesidad de fortalecer la cultura participativa en el consejo municipal de salud estudiado, sobre todo la necesidad de difundir las acciones desarrolladas y reformular la lógica tecnoburocrática predominante en este entorno.

Resumo Enquadramento: Estudos sobre a participação social apontam algumas limitações na arquitetura participativa, razão pela qual a Organização Mundial da Saúde desenhou um modelo que enfatiza as dimensões constitutivas para aproximar a sociedade civil e os governos. Objetivos: O estudo buscou identificar os elementos que influenciam a participação à luz das dimensões propostas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa e transversal, que foi realizado por meio de análise documental, observação não participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas nos anos de 2020 e 2021 com os conselheiros do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de uma cidade brasileira do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Resultados: Foram observadas fragilidades nas arquiteturas institucionais do Conselho estudado, tais como o excesso de burocracia, falta de representatividade dos utilizadores, insegurança por parte dos conselheiros nos assuntos económico-financeiros relacionados à saúde do município. Conclusão: Conclui-se pela necessidade de fortalecimento da cultura participativa no Conselho Municipal de Saúde estudado, destacando-se a necessidade de divulgação das ações desenvolvidas e reformulação da lógica tecnoburocrática predominante neste ambiente.

Resumo Nesta pesquisa procuramos saber até que ponto o Presidente da República (PR), Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, no primeiro mandato, foi um dos protagonistas das notícias nos canais de televisão generalista em sinal aberto e quais as razões que explicam esse facto. Assim, procedemos a uma análise quantitativa da presença do PR nos blocos informativos da RTP1, RTP2, SIC e TVI, ao longo dos 5 anos, em termos de número e tempo das notícias. Posteriormente, realizámos entrevistas a todos os jornalistas que, nesse período, foram Diretores de Informação das televisões. Concluímos que o PR foi o ator político principal das notícias televisivas nos primeiros três anos do seu mandato, e o segundo nos dois anos finais, apenas atrás do Primeiro-ministro. Apresentamos um modelo assente em 3 vetores: pessoal, político e mediático - modelo que explica o domínio da arena informativa televisiva do PR pela forma como se afirmou nestes três eixos.

Abstract In this research, we investigate to what extent the President of the Portuguese Republic, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, in his first term in office, was one of the main protagonists in the news on free-to-air television channels, and the reasons behind this. Therefore, we conducted a quantitative analysis of his presence in the news shows of RTP1, RTP2, SIC and TVI, over the course of 5 years, in terms of the number and the duration of the news segments in which he was the protagonist. Subsequently, we conducted interviews with all the journalists who, during this period, served as Head of News in different television channels. We concluded that Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa was the main political actor in televised news during the first three years of his first term, and the second in the last two years, just behind the Prime Minister. We present a model based on three vectors: personal, political, and media impact that explains the dominance of Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa in the arena of television news, taking into account the way he asserted himself in these three areas.

Abstract This study explores the role of Ukrainian-American artist S. Hordynskyi in the evolution of monumental art, with an emphasis on the cultural and historical origins of the Ukrainian nation in world art history. Employing methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, deduction, historical, and generalisation, the research delves into Hordynskyi's contributions and the broader context of Ukrainian art history. Results indicate that Hordynskyi uniquely blended Byzantine and Renaissance traditions in his monumental art, developing a style that emphasized a distinct perception of the sacred. Additionally, “Boichukism” emerged as a central conceptual idea shaping his work. Conclusively, the ascent of Ukrainian art and culture in the global arena is influenced by socio-economic and political dynamics, with Hordynskyi's singular artistic contributions playing a pivotal role in this renaissance, offering valuable insights for contemporary artists globally. UkrainianAmerican American S history analysis synthesis comparison deduction generalisation Hordynskyis s sacred Additionally Boichukism “Boichukism work Conclusively socioeconomic socio economic dynamics renaissance globally

Resumo Este estudo explora o papel do artista ucraniano-americano S. Hordynskyi na evolução da arte monumental, com ênfase nas origens culturais e históricas da nação ucraniana na história da arte mundial. Empregando métodos como análise, síntese, comparação, dedução, histórico e generalização, a pesquisa investiga as contribuições de Hordynskyi e o contexto mais amplo da história da arte ucraniana. Os resultados indicam que Hordynskyi combinou de forma única as tradições bizantinas e renascentistas em sua arte monumental, desenvolvendo um estilo que enfatizava uma percepção distinta do sagrado. Além disso, o "Boichukismo" surgiu como uma ideia conceitual central que moldou seu trabalho. Concluindo, a ascensão da arte e da cultura ucranianas na arena global é influenciada pela dinâmica socioeconômica e política, com as contribuições artísticas singulares de Hordynskyi desempenhando um papel fundamental nesse renascimento, oferecendo percepções valiosas para artistas contemporâneos em todo o mundo. ucranianoamericano ucraniano americano S monumental mundial análise síntese comparação dedução generalização sagrado disso Boichukismo "Boichukismo trabalho Concluindo política renascimento mundo