ABSTRACT: To improve the nutritional and functional quality of agro-industrial waste, his study established a ternary mixture of flours made from pineapple, acerola, and passion fruit waste using the simplex-centroid design, as well as to evaluate their effects on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of edible ice cream. Using mixture planning, nine ternary flour components were applied to edible ice cream formulations to evaluate acceptance scores for taste, texture, and overall impression attributes, as well as physicochemical parameters (pH, acidity, soluble solids, and color parameters) and microbiological parameters (thermotolerant coliforms at 45 ºC, Enterobacteriaceae and Salmonella). The simplex-centroid design demonstrated that the cubic model best predicts the results for the analyzed sensory attributes. The response surface graphs indicated the area of greatest acceptance in the formulations with the maximum percentage established for the flour with acerola waste. The highest level of acceptability was given to the ternary mixture of 60%, 30%, and 10% pineapple, passion fruit, and acerola flours, respectively. The results indicated that sorbet enriched with flour composed of the ternary mixture is a product with the potential for exploitation, as well as contributing to the reduction of environmental impacts generated by the large and improper disposal of agro-industrial fruit processing residues in the ecosystem. ABSTRACT agroindustrial agro industrial pineapple simplexcentroid simplex centroid planning taste texture attributes pH, pH (pH acidity solids thermotolerant 4 ºC Salmonella. Salmonella . Salmonella) 60 60% 30 30% 10 respectively exploitation ecosystem 6 3 1

RESUMO: Visando a qualidade nutricional e funcional dos resíduos agroindustriais, o estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer a mistura ternária de farinhas elaboradas com resíduos de abacaxi, acerola e maracujá utilizando o delineamento simplex-centroide, assim como avaliar seus efeitos nas características físico-químicas e sensoriais em gelados comestíveis. Com o planejamento de misturas, nove componentes ternários das farinhas foram aplicados em formulações de gelados comestíveis para avaliação dos escores de aceitação para os atributos sabor, textura e impressão global, bem como os parâmetros físico-químicos (pH, acidez, sólidos solúveis e parâmetros de cor) e microbiológicos (coliformes termotolerantes a 45 ºC, Enterobacteriaceae e Salmonella). O delineamento simplex-centroide demonstrou que o modelo cúbico melhor prediz os resultados para os atributos sensoriais analisados. Os gráficos de superfície de resposta indicaram a área de maior aceitação nas formulações com o máximo percentual estabelecido para a farinha com os resíduos de acerola. O maior índice de aceitabilidade foi atribuído a mistura ternária constituída com 60%, 30% e 10% para as farinhas de abacaxi, maracujá e acerola, respectivamente. Os resultados indicaram que o sorbet enriquecido com a farinha composta pela mistura ternária é um produto com potencial para exploração, além de contribuir para a redução dos impactos ambientais gerados pelo grande e inadequado descarte de resíduos do processamento agroindustrial de frutas no ecossistema. RESUMO agroindustriais abacaxi simplexcentroide, simplexcentroide simplex centroide, centroide físicoquímicas físico químicas misturas sabor global físicoquímicos químicos pH, pH (pH acidez cor coliformes 4 ºC Salmonella. Salmonella . Salmonella) analisados 60 60% 30 10 respectivamente exploração ecossistema 6 3 1

Abstract The growing global consumption of coffee has positioned Colombia as the third largest producer worldwide. However, the processing of coffee beans generates significant by-products, such as mucilage, which is rich in phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. Inadequate disposal of this waste creates environmental problems and economic losses. This research aimed to develop high-quality coffee mucilage capsules using spray drying technology. Chemically modified banana starch with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and commercial maltodextrin were used as coating materials to enhance the properties of the capsules. Physicochemical and functional characterization was performed on samples of fresh and filtered coffee mucilage (MF), concentrated mucilage (MC), concentrated mucilage with the addition of maltodextrin and OSA-modified starch (MCMA), and finally, spraydried coffee mucilage powder (MP). The antioxidant capacity (AC) of the mucilage was evaluated throughout the processing stages. MF showed an AC of 179.2 μmol of trolox/100 g, while the final coffee mucilage powder (MP) showed a significantly higher AC of 5444.35 μmol of trolox/100 g. Additionally, the MP showed a stability index of 0.48, water activity (aw) of 0.19, solubility of 14.64%, and a high water retention capacity of 90.53%. Microscopic analysis revealed amorphous structures with an average size of 29.16 ± 2.12 μm in the MP. These findings highlight the potential of spray drying with food-grade matrices such as OSA-modified banana starch to encapsulate coffee mucilage, preserving its antioxidant capacity and creating a new functional food ingredient with water retention properties.

Resumen El creciente consumo mundial de café ha posicionado a Colombia como el tercer productor más grande a nivel global. Sin embargo, el procesamiento de los granos de café genera subproductos significativos, como el mucílago, una fuente rica en compuestos fenólicos con actividad antioxidante. La eliminación inadecuada de este residuo crea problemas ambientales y pérdidas económicas. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo desarrollar cápsulas de mucílago de café de alta calidad utilizando tecnología de secado por aspersión. Se empleó almidón de plátano modificado químicamente con anhídrido octenil succínico (OSA) y maltodextrina comercial como materiales de recubrimiento para mejorar las propiedades de las cápsulas. Se caracterizaron fisicoquímica y funcionalmente muestras de mucílago de café fresco y filtrado (MF), mucílago concentrado (MC), mucílago concentrado con adición de maltodextrina y almidón modificado con OSA (MCMA) y, finalmente, el polvo de mucílago de café secado por aspersión (MP). La capacidad antioxidante (AC) del mucílago se evaluó a lo largo de las etapas de procesamiento. El MF mostró una AC de 179,2 μmol de trolox/100g, mientras que el polvo final de mucílago de café (MP) mostró una AC significativamente mayor de 5444,35 μmol de trolox/100 g. Además, el MP mostró un índice de estabilidad de 0,48, actividad del agua (aw) de 0,19, solubilidad del 14,64% y una alta capacidad de retención de agua del 90,53%. El análisis microscópico reveló estructuras amorfas con un tamaño promedio de 29,16 ± 2,12 μm en el MP. Estos hallazgos resaltan el potencial del secado por aspersión con matrices de grado alimenticio como el almidón de plátano modificado con OSA para encapsular el mucílago de café, preservando su capacidad antioxidante y creando un nuevo ingrediente alimentario funcional con propiedades de retención de agua.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Water pollution by hydrocarbons is a worldwide concern due to its environmental and economic impact. Several highly effective synthetic sorbent materials have been developed to control oil spills, but the additional storage or disposal costs are high. Objective: To evaluate agro-industrial wastes (sugar cane bagasse and pine sawdust) and their mixtures, as biosorbent materials for the removal of hydrocarbons in water. Materials and Methods: Natural bagasse (NB) and pine sawdust (PS) were sieved to obtain a uniform biomass. The studies are carried out with granulometries (+1 -2 mm) and (+0.315 - 1 mm) for NB and PS for the mass percentages and homogeneity of the fractions. Humidity, real density, apparent density, porosity and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled to EDX were determined for the selected material. To determine the maximum sorption capacity (Ca) of NB and PS, diesel (32.7 ºAPI) was used. An experimental design 22 was carried out. Statgraphics Centurion XV.II software was used for statistical analysis. Results and discussion: The results obtained show that the highest (Ca) was reached with (+0.315 -1 mm) and 80%NB/20%PS and 50%NB/50%PS mixtures. The results obtained show that the most influential variable on (Ca) is the biosorbent concentration. Conclusions: It is concluded that it is possible to use agricultural waste (NB and PS) and their mixtures as biosorbent materials, in non-conventional and sustainable treatments for the removal of hydrocarbons in water.

RESUMEN Introducción: La contaminación de las aguas por hidrocarburos es una preocupación mundial debido a su impacto ambiental y económico. Se han desarrollado varios materiales sorbentes sintéticos muy efectivos para controlar los derrames de hidrocarburos, pero los costos adicionales de almacenamiento o disposición final son elevados. Objetivo: Evaluar residuos agroindustriales (bagazo de caña de azúcar y aserrín de pino) y sus mezclas, como materiales biosorbentes para la remoción de hidrocarburos en agua. Materiales y Métodos: El bagazo natural (BN) y el aserrín de pino (AP) fueron tamizados para obtener una biomasa uniforme. Los estudios se realizan con granulometrías (+1 -2 mm) y (+ 0,315 - 1 mm) para el BN y el AP por los porcentajes másicos y la homogeneidad de las fracciones. Al material seleccionado se le determinó: humedad, densidad real, densidad aparente, porosidad y Microscopía Electrónica de Barredura (SEM) acoplada a EDX. Para la determinación de la máxima capacidad de sorción (Ca) de BN y AP, se utilizó diésel (32,7 ºAPI). Se realizó un diseño experimental 22. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el software Statgraphics Centurión XV.II. Resultados y Discusión: Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la mayor (Ca) se alcanzó con (+0,315 -1 mm) y mezclas 80%BN/20%AP y 50%BN/50%AP. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la variable más influyente en la (Ca) es la concentración de biosorbente. Conclusiones: Se concluye que es posible la utilizar de residuos agrícolas (BN y AP) y sus mezclas como materiales biosorbentes, en tratamientos no convencionales y sostenibles para la remoción de hidrocarburos en agua.

Abstract Worldwide more than 7 billion tons of lignocellulosic biomass will be produced by 2025. In Colombia, these residues are mainly disposed of in rivers and open fields, and only 10% is reused and recycled. Non-centrifugal sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a residue obtained after sugarcane juice extraction during the manufacturing process of panela and is mostly used as fuel for boilers at sugar mills. Wheat bran (WB) is the main waste from wheat flour production. Nonetheless, the chemical composition of these by-products makes them suitable for use as substrates for hemicellulolytic enzyme production from fungi. Here, a whole process for production in a solid-state fermentation system, recovery, and ultrafiltration process for concentration of xylanases by Penicillium sp. Pn004 is presented. The higher productivity (26.7 ± 1.59 U gds-1 day-1) was reached on the fifth day of fermentation with an enzyme activity of 130.0 ± 7.95 U gds-1. The batch ultrafiltration process allowed increasing the xylanase activity up to 19-fold in the retentate, from 66.47 U mL-1 to 1486.83 U mL-1, without reaching a steady state flux through the membrane. Finally, the enzymatic extract achieved a 43% release of sugar from kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus), showing its potential to be used as an additive for silage or for enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic materials for sugar production.

Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death. Despite significant advancements in the discovery of medications for the treatment of cancer, these drugs are hindered by applicability and efficacy issues and frequently exhibit major side effects that can further impair patients 'quality of life. Therefore, the development of therapeutically sound anti-cancer medicines derived from natural products has gained prominence in the field of functional foods. Some of these compounds have shown efficacy in the prevention and treatment of cancer as well as low toxicity. Additionally, many recent studies have explored the recycling of agro-industrial waste to create bioactive chemicals. Citrus peels are produced in vast quantities in the food processing sector; due to their abundance of flavonoids, they may be inexpensive sources of protection against several cancers. Citrus is a common type of fruit that contains a variety of nutrients. In particular, the antioxidant chemicals found in citrus peel have been identified as potential cancer-fighting agents. Antioxidant substances such as flavonoids prevent the development of cancer by inhibiting the metastatic cascade, decreasing the mobility of cancer cells in the circulatory system, promoting apoptosis, and suppressing angiogenesis. To explore the most effective uses of citrus peel-derived antioxidants, this review presents background information, an overview of the role of citrus antioxidants in cancer therapy, and a discussion of the key underlying molecular mechanisms. death quality life Therefore anticancer anti foods toxicity Additionally agroindustrial agro industrial sector cancers nutrients particular cancerfighting fighting agents cascade system apoptosis angiogenesis peelderived information therapy mechanisms

Resumo O câncer é uma das principais causas de morte. Apesar dos avanços significativos na descoberta de medicamentos para o tratamento do câncer, esses medicamentos são prejudiciais por questões de aplicabilidade e eficácia e frequentemente apresentam efeitos colaterais importantes que podem afetar ainda mais a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Portanto, o desenvolvimento de medicamentos anticancerígenos, terapeuticamente adequados derivados de produtos naturais, ganhou destaque no campo dos alimentos funcionais. Alguns desses compostos demonstraram eficácia na prevenção e tratamento do câncer, bem como baixa toxicidade. Além disso, muitos estudos recentes exploraram a reciclagem de resíduos agroindustriais para criar produtos químicos bioativos. As cascas de frutas cítricas são produzidas abundantemente no setor de processamento de alimentos; devido à abundância de flavonoides, e são fontes baratas de proteção contra várias categorias de câncer. Citrus é um tipo comum de fruta que contém uma variedade de nutrientes. Em particular, os produtos químicos antioxidantes encontrados na casca de frutas cítricas foram identificados como potenciais agentes de combate ao câncer. Substâncias antioxidantes, como os flavonoides, previnem o desenvolvimento do câncer, inibindo a cascata metastática, diminuindo a mobilidade das células cancerígenas no sistema circulatório, promovendo a apoptose e suprimindo a angiogênese. Para explorar os usos mais eficazes dos antioxidantes derivados da casca de frutas cítricas, esta revisão apresenta informações básicas, uma visão geral do papel dos antioxidantes cítricos na terapia do câncer e uma discussão dos principais mecanismos moleculares subjacentes. morte pacientes Portanto anticancerígenos naturais funcionais toxicidade disso bioativos flavonoides nutrientes particular metastática circulatório angiogênese básicas subjacentes

ABSTRACT: Feathers are by-products that are generated in significant quantities by the poultry industry. Microbial bioconversion has been investigated as a promising strategy for the processing of feathers, since, along with the degradation of these keratinous materials, bioprocessing can result in value-added products. Thus, from the perspective of industrial microbiology, chicken feathers can be considered a raw material for obtaining microbial proteases. Within this context, this research investigated and characterized the production of extracellular proteases by Aspergillus sp., isolated from soil of the Amazon Rainforest. The enzymatic production was evaluated using several growth substrates (whole feathers, feather meal, human hair, casein, gelatin, peptone and chicken beaks). With highest enzyme production was obtained the feather meal (FM) and peptone. After 48 h of fermentation, FM degradation was 15.82%. The crude protease showed optimal activity at pH 5.0 and 37 °C and enzymatic activity was enhanced with the addition of 1 and 5 mM of CaCl2, MnSO4, KCl, MgSO4 and CuSO4. The detergents Tween 20 and Triton x-100, at concentrations 0.5 and 1% (v/v), tended to stimulate activity. The presence of 0.5 and 1% (v/v) of organic solvents (methanol, acetone, butanol, acetonitrile, isopropanol and DMSO), maintained the enzymatic activity. β-mercaptoethanolstimulated proteolytic activity in the enzymatic assays. This study suggested new direction for waste management with industrial applications giving rise to green technology for sustainable development. ABSTRACT byproducts products industry since materials valueadded value added Thus microbiology context sp sp. Rainforest whole hair casein gelatin beaks. beaks . beaks) (FM 4 fermentation 1582 15 82 15.82% 50 0 5. 3 C CaCl2 CaCl MnSO4 MnSO KCl MgSO CuSO4 CuSO 2 x100, x100 x 100, 100 x-100 05 0. v/v, vv v/v , v (v/v methanol, methanol (methanol acetone butanol acetonitrile DMSO, DMSO DMSO) βmercaptoethanolstimulated β mercaptoethanolstimulated assays development 158 8 15.82 x10 10 x-10 15.8 x1 x-1 15. x-

RESUMO: As penas são subprodutos que são gerados em quantidades significativas pela indústria avícola. A bioconversão microbiana tem sido investigada como uma estratégia promissora para o processamento de penas, uma vez que, juntamente com a degradação desses materiais queratinosos, o bioprocessamento pode resultar em produtos de valor agregado. Assim, do ponto de vista da microbiologia industrial, as penas de frango podem ser consideradas matéria-prima para a obtenção de proteases microbianas. Dentro deste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar e caracterizar a produção de proteases extracelulares por Aspergillus sp., isolados de solo da floresta Amazônica. A produção enzimática foi avaliada utilizando diversos substratos de crescimento (penas inteiras, farinha de penas, cabelo humano, caseína, gelatina, peptona e bicos de frango). Com maior produção de enzima foi obtida a farinha de penas (FP) e peptona. Após 48 h de fermentação, a degradação da FP foi de 15.82%. A protease bruta mostrou atividade ótima em pH 5.0 e 37 0C e a atividade enzimática foi aumentada com a adição de 1 e 5 mM de CaCl2, MnSO4, KCl, MgSO4 e CuSO4. Os detergentes Tween 20 e Triton x-100, nas concentrações 0.5 e 1% (v/v), tenderam a estimular a atividade. A presença de 0.5 e 1% (v/v) dos solventes orgânicos (metanol, acetona, butanol, acetonitrila, isopropanol e DMSO), mantiveram a atividade enzimática. O β-mercaptoetanol estimulou a atividade proteolítica nos ensaios enzimáticos. Este estudo sugere uma nova direção para a gestão de resíduos com aplicações industriais dando origem à tecnologia verde para o desenvolvimento sustentável. RESUMO avícola queratinosos agregado Assim industrial matériaprima matéria prima microbianas contexto sp sp. Amazônica inteiras humano caseína gelatina frango. . frango) (FP 4 fermentação 1582 15 82 15.82% 50 0 5. 3 C CaCl2 CaCl MnSO4 MnSO KCl MgSO CuSO4 CuSO 2 x100, x100 x 100, 100 x-100 05 0. v/v, vv v/v , v (v/v metanol, metanol (metanol acetona butanol acetonitrila DMSO, DMSO DMSO) βmercaptoetanol β mercaptoetanol enzimáticos sustentável 158 8 15.82 x10 10 x-10 15.8 x1 x-1 15. x-

Abstract This research paper focuses on the use of murumuru husk ash (MHA), an agro-industrial waste generated specifically in the Amazon region, as partial replacement of cement in structural concrete. It also evaluates the physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the ash to act as filler in concrete and its properties in the fresh and hardened states in concrete. To this end, the MHA performed physical-mechanical characterization tests, such as specific mass, pozzolanic activity with Portland cement, pozzolanic activity with lime, and BET test, also performing the mineralogical and chemical analysis of the ash. The results showed that there is technical feasibility with partial replacement of 6% of MHA in cement using plasticizer additive to improve workability, thus showing an improvement in the physical-mechanical and durability properties of the concrete. MHA, , (MHA) agroindustrial agro industrial region physical end physicalmechanical mechanical tests mass lime test 6 workability (MHA

Resumo O estudo objetiva pesquisar o uso da cinza da casca do murumuru (CCM), um resíduo agroindustrial gerado especificamente na região amazônica como substituição parcial do cimento no concreto estrutural e avaliar as características físicas, químicas e mineralógicas da cinza para atuação como filler no concreto, além de suas propriedades no estado fresco e endurecido no concreto. Com esse intuito, o CCM passou pelos ensaios de caracterização físico-mecânicas como o de massa específica, atividade pozolânica com cimento Portland, atividade pozolânica com a cal e ensaio de BET, realizando-se também as análises mineralógicas e químicas da cinza. Os resultados mostraram que existe uma viabilidade técnica com substituição parcial de 6% de CCM no cimento, utilizando-se aditivo plastificante para melhorar a trabalhabilidade, mostrando uma melhora nas propriedades físico-mecânicas e de durabilidade do concreto. CCM, , (CCM) físicas intuito físicomecânicas físico mecânicas específica Portland BET realizandose realizando se 6 utilizandose utilizando trabalhabilidade (CCM

Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation the diet of pigs with grape pomace preserved in silage form (GPS) and its interaction with indoor and outdoor production systems, with and without access to vegetation, on the attributes of meat quality produced. Analyzes of proximal composition, cholesterol content, fatty acid profile, shear force, texture profile and sensory analysis were performed. During cold storage, oxidative stability and objective color were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed in a 3x2 factorial design (production systems (S) x GPS-feed (F)) and the interaction between them (S*F). The results showed that there was no interaction between the production system and GPS feeding for the attributes evaluated. The proximate composition and fatty acid profile of the muscle remained unchanged. Additionally, it provides higher subjective and objective tenderness, higher red color intensity, and reduces lipid oxidation under refrigeration. The supplementation of pig feed with GPS improve the quality of the meat and constitute a sustainable alternative for the winemaking residue. (GPS vegetation produced content force storage analyzed 3x S (S GPSfeed F (F) S*F. SF S*F . (S*F) evaluated unchanged Additionally tenderness intensity refrigeration residue (F (S*F

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the chemical, physical-chemical properties and agronomic efficiency of fermented composts formulated with agro-industrial wastes and tephrosia (Tephrosia sinapou) phytomass (TS) in arugula fertilization. The experiment was carried out in two phases, using wheat bran (FT), sugarcane bagasse (BC), TS phytomass and malt bagasse (BM) in the compound formulations. The first stage consisted of evaluating the chemical and physical-chemical properties in a completely randomized experimental design with 9 treatments (60TS+30FT+10BC; 60TS+30BM+10BC; 60TS+20FT+20BC; 60TS+20BM+20BC; 60TS+ 10FT+30BC; 60TS+10BM+30BC; 60TS+40FT; 60TS+40BM; 60TS+40BC) and four replicates. The second stage consisted of evaluating the agronomic efficiency of the formulations 60TS+40FT, 60TS+10FT+30BC, 60TS+40BM, 60TS+10BM+30BC and 60TS+40BC in arugula crop and a control treatment (without fertilizer). The fermented composts showed suitable chemical and physical-chemical properties for being used as fertilizers. Tephrosia phytomass has the potential for producing fermented composts, whose combination with 40% FT or BM, respectively, provided increases in N, P, K, Ca and Mg uptake, and in arugula productivity of 129,14% and 127.32% higher than the control (without any organic fertilizer) physicalchemical physical agroindustrial agro industrial sinapou (TS fertilization phases FT, , (FT) BC, BC (BC) BM (BM 60TS+30FT+10BC 60TS30FT10BC TSFTBC 60TS 30FT 10BC (60TS+30FT+10BC 60TS+30BM+10BC 60TS30BM10BC TSBMBC 30BM 60TS+20FT+20BC 60TS20FT20BC 20FT 20BC 60TS+20BM+20BC 60TS20BM20BC 20BM 10FT+30BC 10FT30BC FTBC 10FT 30BC 60TS10BM30BC 10BM 60TS+40FT 60TS40FT TSFT 40FT 60TS+40BM 60TS40BM TSBM 40BM 60TS40BC TSBC 40BC replicates 60TS10FT30BC 60TS+10FT+30BC without fertilizer. fertilizer . fertilizers 40 respectively N P K uptake 12914 129 14 129,14 12732 127 32 127.32 (FT (BC 4 1291 12 1 129,1 1273 3 127.3 129, 127.

RESUMO Objetivou-se determinar as características químicas, físico-químicas e a eficiência agronômica de compostos fermentados formulados com resíduos agroindustriais e fitomassa de tefrósia (Tephrosia sinapou) (TS) na fertilização da rúcula. O trabalho experimental foi conduzido em duas etapas, utilizando-se o farelo de trigo (FT), o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BC), a fitomassa de TS e o bagaço de malte (BM) nas formulações dos compostos. A primeira etapa consistiu da avaliação das características químicas e físico-químicas, cujo delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com 9 formulações (60TS+30FT+10BC; 60TS+30BM+10BC; 60TS+20FT+20BC; 60TS+20BM+20BC; 60TS+10FT+30BC; 60TS+10BM+30BC; 60TS+40FT; 60TS+40BM; 60TS+40BC) e quatro repetições. A segunda etapa constou da avaliação da eficiência agronômica das formulações 60TS+40FT, 60TS+10FT+30BC, 60TS+40BM, 60TS+10BM+30BC e 60TS+40BC no cultivo de rúcula, acrescido de um tratamento controle (sem adubação). Constatou-se que os compostos fermentados apresentam características químicas e físico-químicas que permitem a utilização como fertilizantes. A fitomassa de tefrósia tem potencial para a produção de compostos fermentados, cuja combinação com 40% de FT ou de BM, respectivamente, proporcionou aumentos nas quantidades acumuladas de N, P, K, Ca e Mg, e produtividades de rúcula na ordem de 129,14% e 127,32% superior ao tratamento controle, sem adubação orgânica. Objetivouse Objetivou se físicoquímicas físico Tephrosia sinapou (TS etapas utilizandose utilizando FT, , (FT) canadeaçúcar cana açúcar BC, BC (BC) BM (BM físicoquímicas, 60TS+30FT+10BC 60TS30FT10BC TSFTBC 60TS 30FT 10BC (60TS+30FT+10BC 60TS+30BM+10BC 60TS30BM10BC TSBMBC 30BM 60TS+20FT+20BC 60TS20FT20BC 20FT 20BC 60TS+20BM+20BC 60TS20BM20BC 20BM 60TS+10FT+30BC 60TS10FT30BC 10FT 30BC 60TS10BM30BC 10BM 60TS+40FT 60TS40FT TSFT 40FT 60TS+40BM 60TS40BM TSBM 40BM 60TS40BC TSBC 40BC repetições adubação. . adubação) Constatouse Constatou fertilizantes 40 respectivamente N P K Mg 12914 129 14 129,14 12732 127 32 127,32 orgânica (FT (BC 4 1291 12 1 129,1 1273 3 127,3 129, 127,

Abstract Plasticulture improves crop quality and yield through polymeric films, but their improper disposal harms the environment due to humidity and contamination. This study aimed to develop biodegradable mulch films using soybean and peanut hulls and poly (butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). The residues were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and mulch films were evaluated by water absorption, contact angle and mechanical properties. The thermal behavior of the residues indicated stability below 200ºC. The agro-waste improved hydrophobicity but increased the water absorption values of the films by up to 18.5x (PBAT/SH5 after 14 days). Micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy indicated an important distribution of residue particles and formation of agglomerates, leading to lower mechanical performance. The study found that agro-industrial residues in powder form can be added to the polymeric matrix to produce biodegradable mulch films through traditional processing techniques. This approach has the potential to contribute to a more sustainable production system. contamination butyleneadipatecoterephthalate butylene adipate co terephthalate (butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate PBAT. PBAT . (PBAT) properties 200ºC ºC agrowaste agro waste 185x x 18 5x PBAT/SH5 PBATSH5 PBATSH SH5 SH (PBAT/SH 1 days. days days) agglomerates performance agroindustrial industrial techniques system (PBAT PBAT/SH

Abstract The use of mango peel, an agro-industrial byproduct rich in bioactive compounds, was the subject of this study, seeking an innovative application in the manufacture of sliced bread. This process is proposed as a way to create a nutritious and healthy food, rich in dietary fiber and total polyphenols. Mango peel flour of the Kent variety was obtained by drying, grinding, and sieving. An experimental design through the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a central composite rotatable design, was used to evaluate the impact of mango peel flour (5% to15%) and ascorbic acid (20 to100 ppm) in the bread formulation. Technological, sensory evaluations, and determinations of polyphenols and dietary fiber were carried out, using standard methods. The results showed that mango peel flour and ascorbic acid influence the texture of the bread, with formulations of 10% mango peel flour and 60 ppm ascorbic acid obtaining the best sensory ratings in color, appearance, aroma, and texture. The mango peel flour increased the fiber up to 13.25 g/100 g and polyphenols up to 1.187 g AGE/g dry weight (DW) in the sliced bread. These findings suggest that the inclusion of mango peel flour improves the nutritional and sensory quality of bread, showing its potential as a functional ingredient in the food industry. agroindustrial agro industrial compounds study drying grinding sieving RSM (RSM 5% 5 (5 to15% to15 20 (2 to10 formulation Technological evaluations out methods 10 6 color appearance aroma 1325 13 25 13.2 g100 100 g/10 1187 1 187 1.18 AGEg AGE DW (DW industry ( to1 2 132 13. g10 g/1 118 18 1.1 g1 g/ 11 1.

Resumo O aproveitamento da casca da manga, subproduto agroindustrial rico em compostos bioativos, foi objeto deste estudo, buscando uma aplicação inovadora na fabricação de pães de forma. Este processo é proposto como forma de criar um alimento nutritivo e saudável, rico em fibras alimentares e polifenóis totais. A farinha de casca de manga da variedade Kent foi obtida por secagem, moagem e peneiramento. Um desenho experimental por meio da Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta (MSR) com um projeto rotativo composto central, foi utilizado para avaliar o impacto da farinha de casca de manga (5% a15%) e do ácido ascórbico (20 a 100 ppm) na formulação do pão. Foram realizadas avaliações tecnológicas, sensoriais e determinações de polifenóis e fibras alimentares, utilizando métodos padronizados. Os resultados mostraram que farinha de casca de manga e ácido ascórbico influenciam na textura do pão, com formulações de 10% de farinha de casca de manga e 60 ppm de ácido ascórbico, assim obtendo as melhores notas sensoriais em cor, aparência, aroma e textura. A farinha de casca de manga aumentou a quantidade de fibra até 13,25 g/100 g e de polifenóis até 1,187 g AGE/g (peso seco) no pão de forma. Esses achados sugerem que a inclusão de farinha de casca de manga melhora a qualidade nutricional e sensorial do pão, mostrando seu potencial como ingrediente funcional na indústria alimentícia. bioativos estudo saudável totais secagem peneiramento MSR (MSR central 5% 5 (5 a15% a15 20 (2 10 tecnológicas padronizados 6 cor aparência 1325 13 25 13,2 g100 g/10 1187 1 187 1,18 AGEg AGE peso seco alimentícia ( a1 2 132 13, g10 g/1 118 18 1,1 g1 g/ 11 1,

Abstract Among the various technologies that can be used to modify the environmental conditions in protected cultivation, the use of agricultural waste and the use of cultivation benches of different colors can be beneficial to plants, providing adequate plant development and giving greater sustainability to the production system. The study aimed to identify the potential for using substrate based on agro-industrial waste and colored benches as alternatives for the production of Zinnia elegans. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Mato Grosso do Sul State University (UEMS), in the Unit of Cassilândia, using a completely randomized design arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme (three bench colors x five substrate doses), with three replications of four plants for each treatment. The treatments consisted of three colored benches (white, red, and control - metal bench) and five substrate mixtures with different concentrations of agro-industrial waste (SBRA) and Ecosolo® (0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) in which Zinnia elegans was grown. The variables analyzed were plant height, length of internodes, the number of leaves, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), stem diameter, flower diameter, number of petals, time required for flowering and shoot dry mass. It was found that the composition of the substrate affected most of the characteristics evaluated, except for internode length and stem diameter. The benches resulted in significant differences in relative chlorophyll content and number of petals. Adding increasing proportions of SBRA, provides greater vegetative growth and flower development in Zinnia elegans plants. system agroindustrial agro industrial UEMS, UEMS , (UEMS) Cassilândia doses, doses doses) treatment white, white (white red SBRA (SBRA Ecosolo 0, 0 (0 25 25% 50 50% 75 75% 100% 100 grown height internodes leaves SPAD, SPAD (SPAD) diameter petals mass evaluated (UEMS ( 2 7 10 (SPAD 1

Resumo Dentre as diversas tecnologias que podem ser utilizadas para modificar as condições ambientais no cultivo protegido, o aproveitamento de resíduos agrícolas e a utilização de bancadas de cultivo de diversas cores podem ser benéficos às plantas, proporcionando um desenvolvimento adequado e conferindo maior sustentabilidade ao sistema de produção. O estudo teve como objetivo identificar o potencial de utilização de substrato à base de resíduos agroindustriais e bancadas coloridas como alternativas para a produção de Zinnia elegans. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Cassilândia-MS, utilizando delineamento inteiramente casualizado, disposto em esquema fatorial 3 x 5 (três cores de bancada x cinco doses de substrato), com três repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de três bancadas coloridas (branca, vermelha e controle) e cinco misturas de substratos com diferentes concentrações de resíduo agroindustrial (SBRA) e Ecosolo® (0, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%) em qual Zinnia elegans foi cultivada. As variáveis analisadas foram altura das plantas, comprimento dos entrenós, número de folhas, teor relativo de clorofila (SPAD), diâmetro do caule, diâmetro da flor, número de pétalas, tempo necessário para floração e massa seca da parte aérea. Verificou-se que a composição do substrato afetou a maioria das características avaliadas, exceto comprimento dos entrenós e diâmetro do caule. As bancadas resultaram em diferenças significativas no teor relativo de clorofila e no número de pétalas. A adição de proporções crescentes de SBRA proporciona maior crescimento vegetativo e desenvolvimento floral nas plantas de Zinnia elegans. protegido UEMS, UEMS , (UEMS) CassilândiaMS, CassilândiaMS Cassilândia MS, MS Cassilândia-MS casualizado substrato, substrato) repetições branca, branca (branca controle (SBRA Ecosolo 0, 0 (0 25 25% 50 50% 75 100% 100 cultivada folhas SPAD, SPAD (SPAD) caule flor pétalas aérea Verificouse Verificou se avaliadas (UEMS ( 2 7 10 (SPAD 1

ABSTRACT Problem: The contamination of water bodies by copper (II) ions caused by industries harms the environment and human health. Solution: Adsorption removes such ions using activated carbon, which may be replaced with bioadsorbents (biomass from agro-industrial waste), as they are more accessible and renewable, capturing contaminant species from functional groups. This study verified the adsorption efficiency of copper (II) ions using mango residue flour (Mangifera indica L., MRF) as a bioadsorbent. Methodology: MRF preparation consisted of drying Tommy mango pits and seeds (80°C, 48 hours), crushing, sieving, and treating them with hydrochloric acid (0.05 mol L–1, 10 minutes). The MRF characterization techniques were FTIR and point of zero charge (PZC). Adsorption studies occurred at 25°C, pH of 4.6, and constant stirring. Adsorption time and MRF mass were the parameters to determine optimal adsorption conditions. Complexometric titration determined the concentration of adsorbed copper (II) ions. Results and discussion: FTIR identified the functional groups interacting with copper (II) ions. PZC determined that the surface charge of MRF is neutral at a pH of 4.3, positive and interacting with anions at a pH lower than 4.3, and negative and interacting with cations at a pH higher than 4.3. The optimal adsorption conditions were 30 minutes and 0.1 g of MRF. The non-linear Redlich-Peterson and Langmuir isotherm models provided the best fits, suggesting a multilayer MRF adsorption mechanism. The maximum percentage of copper (II) ion removal was 77.5%. Conclusion: Adsorption using MRF potentially removes copper (II) ions. Problem II (II health Solution carbon biomass agroindustrial agro industrial waste, waste , waste) renewable Mangifera L L. bioadsorbent Methodology 80°C, 80C C 80 (80°C 4 hours, hours hours) crushing sieving 0.05 005 0 05 (0.0 L1 1 L–1 minutes. . minutes) PZC. (PZC) 25C 25 25°C 46 6 4.6 stirring discussion 43 3 4.3 01 0. nonlinear non linear RedlichPeterson Redlich Peterson fits mechanism 775 77 5 77.5% Conclusion 80°C 8 0.0 00 (0. L– (PZC 2 4. 7 77.5 (0 77. (

RESUMEN En este estudio, diferentes concentraciones de azúcares totales de melaza de caña de azúcar de 0, 15, 30, 45 y 60 g/L fueron evaluadas para la producción de hidrógeno, etanol y 3-metil-1-butanol mediante fermentación oscura de Serratia marcescens (MZ413438). Los máximos valores de producción fueron de 3524.9 ± 5.1 mL/L para hidrógeno, 2611.7 ± 71 mg/L para etanol y 136.9 ± 0.3 mg/L para 3-metil-1-butanol, obtenidos para una concentración de 30 g/L. Los datos también nos muestran la sensibilidad de Serratia marcescens (MZ413438) a concentraciones de 60 g/L, obteniéndose valores de producción para hidrógeno de 1249 ± 29.2 mL/L, para etanol de 1603.2 ± 79.3 mg/L y para 3-metil-1-butanol de 100.4 ± 5.4 mg/L. Los hallazgos de este estudio incrementan la información sobre la producción de biocombustibles en el marco de un concepto de biorrefinería, y ofrecen bioprocesos alternativos para ser la generación de bioenergía a partir del tratamiento de residuos agroindustriales.

ABSTRACT In this study, different concentrations of total sugars of sugarcane molasses of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 g/L were evaluated for the production of hydrogen, ethanol, and 3-methyl-1-butanol by Serratia marcescens (MZ413438) in dark fermentation. The maximum values of production were 3524.9 ± 5.1 mL/L for hydrogen, 2611.7 ± 71 mg/L for ethanol, and 136.9 ± 0.3 mg/L for 3-methyl-1-butanol obtained for 30 g/L concentrations. The data also show the susceptibility of Serratia marcescens (MZ413438) to concentrations of 60 g/L, obtaining hydrogen production values of 1249 ± 29.2 mL/L, ethanol of 1603.2 ± 79.3 mg/L, and 3-methyl-1-butanol of 100.4 ± 5.4 mg/L. The findings in this study increase the information on the production of biofuels within the framework of a biorefinery concept and offer alternative bioprocesses to be used for the generation of bioenergy from the treatment of agro-industrial waste.

Abstract Fossil-origin plastics have raised great concerns due to their non-biodegradable nature. Biodegradable polymers can be an alternative for these materials’, however they have higher cost. The use of agro-industrial waste in blends with biopolymers can provide cheaper materials’ with improved properties. This study aims to develop low-cost biodegradable materials by extrusion and thermoplastic injection using oat hulls, polybutylene succinate (PBS), and starch. Six formulations with different concentrations of oat hulls (0-56% w/w) were extruded in a single-screw extruder, and then the materials were produced by thermoplastic injection. The extrusion aligned the oat hull fibers, making the material dimensionally stable. The oat hulls enhanced stiffness and reduced material density compared to non-hull counterparts. Besides that, the oat hulls are a low-cost agro-industrial byproduct, and it was possible to produce biodegradable materials with up to 56% hulls and only 20% PBS. These biodegradable materials are environmentally friendly and non-toxic. Fossilorigin Fossil origin nonbiodegradable non nature materials, , cost agroindustrial agro industrial properties lowcost low PBS, PBS (PBS) starch 056% 056 0 56 (0-56 w/w ww w singlescrew single screw extruder fibers stable nonhull counterparts that byproduct 20 nontoxic. nontoxic toxic. toxic non-toxic (PBS 05 5 (0-5 2 (0- (0 (