The inhibition of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an endocannabinoid system component, emerged as a potentially new therapeutic target for a range of clinical disorders such as acute and chronic pain. Some α-ketoheterocycle derivatives demonstrated interesting analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Ligand-Based Drug Design techniques such as knowledge graph convolutional networks (kGCN) and hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR) using α-ketoheterocycle derivatives from five different datasets were generated to discover the relation between the chemical structures and the inhibition activity. Meanwhile, structure-based drug design simulations as interaction fields (MIF), molecular docking, and ligand sites studies (LSI) from FAAH were performed using Autogrid software and FTmap/FTsite servers. The results of both studies were merged to propose predictive models. The resulting kGCN model demonstrated adequate accuracy area under the curve by receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC 0.7922). From contribution maps of the Ligand-Based Drug Design (LBDD) models and the generated probes using MIF and LSI, it was observed that the oxazole ring, the ketone group, and the apolar chain present in the structures of the inhibitors are important, besides the evidence of the Cys269 and Val270 residues importance for the potential interaction, confirmed by carried docking studies. These fragments and structural information can be used to carry out new FAAH potential inhibitors studies and report kGCN as an accurate classification technique. FAAH, , (FAAH) component pain αketoheterocycle α ketoheterocycle antiinflammatory anti inflammatory vitro LigandBased Ligand Based (kGCN structureactivity structure activity HQSAR (HQSAR Meanwhile structurebased based MIF, (MIF) LSI (LSI FTmapFTsite FTmap FTsite servers AUCROC AUC ROC 0.7922. 07922 0.7922 . 0 7922 0.7922) LBDD (LBDD ring group important Cys Cys26 Val Val27 technique (FAAH (MIF 0792 0.792 792 Cys2 Val2 079 0.79 79 07 0.7 7 0.

Nanocomposites of GO/γ-Fe2O3 were used for magnetic dispersive solid-phase microextraction (m-d-μ-SPE) of six pesticides from river water samples, followed by the determination using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. The synthesis of the nanocomposites is described and characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. A central composite design was used to optimize the extraction time, sample solution pH, and adsorbent amount. The solvent type and volume for desorption and the effect of the ionic strength for adsorption were also investigated. The optimum adsorption conditions were achieved at 84 min of extraction time, pH 5.4, 115 mg of absorbent, and 1% (m/v) of NaCl, while the desorption solvent selected was 1.0 mL of methanol-acetic acid (9:1, v/v). The limits of detection ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 μg L-1, and a good precision was achieved with relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 7.6% (n = 10). The accuracy of the method was accessed by recovery tests ranging from 82 to 117% (n = 3, RSD < 8%). GO/γFe2O3 GOγFe2O3 GOγFeO GO/γ Fe2O3 GO γ Fe O GO/γ-Fe2O solidphase solid phase mdμSPE m d μ SPE (m-d-μ-SPE samples chromatographydiode chromatography diode transforminfrared transform infrared spectroscopy Xray X ray diffraction microscopy time amount investigated 8 54 5 4 5.4 11 absorbent 1 m/v mv v (m/v NaCl 10 0 1. methanolacetic methanol acetic 91, 91 9 1, (9:1 v/v. vv v/v . v/v) 01 0. 09 L1, L1 L L-1 (RSD 76 7 6 7.6 n 10. 10) 117 3 8%. 8% 8%) γFe2O3 γFe GO/γFe2O GOγFe GOγFe2O GOγ FeO Fe2O 5. (9: L- 7. γFeO γFe2O (9 (

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extracellular accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain. This study demonstrates the direct association of the disposable pipette extraction (DPX) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the analysis of Aβ peptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Different parameters were optimized in order to improve detectability in the MS/MS including mobile phase percentage of ammonium hydroxide, mobile phase flow rate and acquisition mode. Also, this method used an electrospray ionization (ESI) low-flow probe and direct infusion of an organic solution in the MS/MS. The DPX-MS/MS method showed adequate linearity for determining Aβ peptides in CSF-linearity ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 ng mL 1. The coefficients of determination were higher than 0.99; the precision coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 0.3 to 12.7%; and the accuracy relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from -13.6 to 13.2%. Alzheimers Alzheimer s AD (AD amyloidβ amyloid β (Aβ brain DPX (DPX MSMS MS (MS/MS CSF (CSF samples hydroxide mode Also ESI (ESI lowflow low DPXMS/MS DPXMSMS CSFlinearity 01 0 1 0. 15 5 0.99 099 99 CV (CV 03 3 12.7% 127 12 7 RSD (RSD 13.6 136 13 6 -13. 132 2 13.2% DPXMS 0.9 09 9 12.7 13. -13 13.2 12. -1 -

This study aims to propose a new method for derivatizing fatty acids (FAs) from human milk (HM), eliminating the lipid extraction step, and simplifying the preparation for gas chromatography with a flame ionization detection (GC-FID) analysis to quantify the FAs. The Design Expert software optimized the reaction times, concentrations, and sample amount. The proposed method (PM) was validated for lyophilized HM and results for the figures of merit for precision in relative standard deviation (RSD) (RSDintra-day 1.34-4.03% and RSDinter day 2.08 5.16%), accuracy (99.87-102.16%), and robustness are within a linear range of 3 to 38% lipids in HM samples. The atmospheric solids analysis probe tandem mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS/MS) technique confirmed the efficiency of PM by expressing the molecular composition of triacylglycerol formed by FAs from the GC-FID technique. The PM requires a small sample size and conducts derivatization directly in the sample matrix, minimizing extraction errors. (FAs HM, , (HM) step GCFID GC FID (GC-FID times concentrations amount (PM RSD (RSD RSDintraday RSDintra 1.344.03% 134403 1.34 4.03% 1 34 4 03 1.34-4.03 208 2 08 2.0 5.16%, 516 5.16% 5 16 5.16%) 99.87102.16%, 998710216 99.87 102.16% 99 87 102 (99.87-102.16%) 38 samples ASAPMS/MS ASAPMSMS ASAP MS/MS MS (ASAP-MS/MS matrix errors (HM 344 1.344.03 13440 134 1.3 403 4.03 0 1.34-4.0 20 2. 51 5.16 87102 99.87102.16% 99871021 9987 99.8 10216 102.16 9 8 10 (99.87-102.16% ASAPMS MSMS 1.344.0 1344 13 1. 40 4.0 1.34-4. 5.1 8710 99.87102.16 9987102 998 99. 1021 102.1 (99.87-102.16 1.344. 4. 1.34-4 5. 871 99.87102.1 998710 102. (99.87-102.1 1.344 1.34- 99.87102. 99871 (99.87-102. 99.87102 (99.87-102 99.8710 (99.87-10 99.871 (99.87-1 (99.87- (99.87 (99.8 (99. (99 (9 (

This work developed an effective and eco-friendly analytical method to support quality control for Brazilian Bill proposal No. 5332/2009. The bill advocates the creation of the “Brazilian bread” by mandating the incorporation of cassava byproducts into wheat flour, with the aim of reducing Brazil’s external dependency on wheat imports and promoting domestic cassava family farming. For this, a handheld near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometer was utilized for on-site determination of cassava starch in commercial wheat flour. The quantitative analysis, which utilized NIR spectra pre-processed with offset correction (OFF) combined with linear baseline correction (LBC), alongside the successive projections algorithm for interval selection in partial least squares (iSPA-PLS), exhibited superior predictive capability, achieving a relative error of prediction below 8%. Furthermore, the classification process, which involved NIR spectra pre-processed with LBC and iSPA-PLS for discriminant analysis (iSPA-PLS-DA), yielded an impressive 94% overall accuracy, with only 3 misclassifications in the test set. ecofriendly eco friendly No 53322009 5332 2009 5332/2009 bread flour Brazils Brazil s farming this nearinfrared near infrared (NIR onsite site preprocessed pre processed OFF (OFF LBC, , (LBC) iSPAPLS, iSPAPLS iSPA PLS (iSPA-PLS) capability 8 8% Furthermore process iSPAPLSDA, iSPAPLSDA DA (iSPA-PLS-DA) 94 accuracy set 5332200 533 200 5332/200 (LBC (iSPA-PLS (iSPA-PLS-DA 9 533220 53 20 5332/20 53322 5 2 5332/2 5332/

This research aims to develop a precise and efficient dispersive solid-phase microextraction (DSPE) technique using third-generation polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer-grafted nanoparticles to quantify benzoylurea pesticides in green tea, black tea, and oolong tea infusions. The extraction efficiency is optimized through single-factor adjustments of key parameters, including adsorbent quantity (5-20 mg), adsorption duration (5-20 min), desorbent identity (methanol, acetonitrile), volume (100-600 μL), sodium chloride concentration (0-10%, m/v), and sample solution pH (3-8). The optimized method demonstrates linearity in the range of 2-500 μg L-1, with limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.6-1.5 μg L-1 and limits of quantification (LOQs) from 2.0 5.0 μg L-1. Recovery rates of 81.2-96.0% are achieved, with intra-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.4-2.8% and inter-day relative standard deviations of 2.0-3.9%, indicating high accuracy and repeatability. The successful application of detecting residues in commercial tea samples underscores the strong potential of the technique to determine benzoylurea analyte levels. solidphase solid phase DSPE (DSPE thirdgeneration third generation PAMAM (PAMAM dendrimergrafted dendrimer grafted infusions singlefactor single factor parameters 520 5 20 (5-2 mg, mg , mg) min, min min) methanol, methanol (methanol acetonitrile, acetonitrile acetonitrile) 100600 100 600 (100-60 μL, μL μL) 010%, 010 0 10%, 10 (0-10% m/v, mv m/v m v m/v) 38. 38 3 8 . (3-8) 2500 2 500 2-50 L1, L1 L 1, 1 LODs (LODs 0.61.5 0615 0.6 1.5 6 0.6-1. L- LOQs (LOQs 2. 50 5. L1. 1. 81.296.0% 812960 81.2 96.0% 81 96 81.2-96.0 achieved intraday intra day RSDs (RSDs 1.42.8% 1428 1.4 2.8% 4 1.4-2.8 interday inter 2.03.9%, 2039 3.9%, 9 2.0-3.9% repeatability levels 52 (5- 10060 60 (100-6 010% 01 10% (0-10 (3-8 250 2-5 61 0.61. 061 06 0. 15 0.6-1 296 81.296.0 81296 812 81. 960 96.0 81.2-96. 42 1.42.8 142 14 28 2.8 1.4-2. 03 2.03.9% 203 39 3.9% 2.0-3.9 (5 1006 (100- (0-1 (3- 25 2- 0.61 0.6- 29 81.296. 8129 96. 81.2-96 1.42. 1.4-2 2.03.9 3.9 2.0-3. ( (100 (0- (3 81.296 81.2-9 1.42 1.4- 2.03. 3. 2.0-3 (10 (0 81.29 81.2- 2.03 2.0- (1

Over the last two decades, metabolomics has emerged as a pivotal tool in multidisciplinary research, providing invaluable insights into metabolome modulations and finding applications across various scientific domains, including medicine and agronomy. Nonetheless, the absence of standardized procedures in sample preparation, data acquisition, and documentation of data quality presents a significant challenge. This review underscores the critical importance of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) in untargeted metabolomics, advocating for the establishment of agreed-upon QA/QC reporting standards within the scientific community. We discuss the requisite quality controls at various stages of untargeted metabolomics studies, encompassing blank samples, pooled samples, and the utilization of external quality control samples. Methods for assessing accuracy, reproducibility, and identifying/correcting batch effects are addressed. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on standardizing the description of QA/QC data in scientific publications and repositories to foster reproducibility and transparency. We recommend the publication of QC data alongside studies in appropriate databases to facilitate data comparison and sharing among researchers, thereby enhancing the quality of untargeted metabolomics research. In summary, implementing standardized QA/QC data reporting, along with promoting best practices within the untargeted metabolomics community, is crucial for improving result quality and credibility and advancing research utilizing this powerful technique. decades domains agronomy Nonetheless preparation acquisition challenge QAQC QA (QA/QC agreedupon agreed upon community samples accuracy identifyingcorrecting identifying correcting addressed Furthermore transparency researchers summary technique

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the refractive prediction error of Hill-radial basis function 3.0 with those of 3 conventional formulas and 11 combination methods in eyes with short axial lengths. Methods: The refractive prediction error was calculated using 4 formulas (Hoffer Q, SRK-T, Haigis, and Hill-RBF) and 11 combination methods (average of two or more methods). The absolute error was determined, and the proportion of eyes within 0.25-diopter (D) increments of absolute error was analyzed. Furthermore, the intraclass correlation coefficients of each method were computed to evaluate the agreement between target refractive error and postoperative spherical equivalent. Results: This study included 87 eyes. Based on the refractive prediction error findings, Hoffer Q formula exhibited the highest myopic errors, followed by SRK-T, Hill-RBF, and Haigis. Among all the methods, the Haigis and Hill-RBF combination yielded a mean refractive prediction error closest to zero. The SRK-T and Hill-RBF combination showed the lowest mean absolute error, whereas the Hoffer Q, SRK-T, and Haigis combination had the lowest median absolute error. Hill-radial basis function exhibited the highest intraclass correlation coefficient, whereas SRK-T showed the lowest. Haigis and Hill-RBF, as well as the combination of both, demonstrated the lowest proportion of refractive surprises (absolute error >1.00 D). Among the individual formulas, Hill-RBF had the highest success rate (absolute error ≤0.50 D). Moreover, among all the methods, the SRK-T and Hill-RBF combination exhibited the highest success rate. Conclusions: Hill-radial basis function showed accuracy comparable to or surpassing that of conventional formulas in eyes with short axial lengths. The use and integration of various formulas in cataract surgery for eyes with short axial lengths may help reduce the incidence of refractive surprises. Purpose Hillradial Hill radial 30 0 3. 1 Methods SRKT, SRKT SRK T, T HillRBF RBF average methods. . methods) determined 0.25diopter 025diopter diopter 0.25 25 D (D analyzed Furthermore equivalent Results 8 findings errors HillRBF, RBF, zero coefficient both 100 00 >1.0 D. D) 050 50 ≤0.5 Moreover Conclusions 25diopter 025 0.2 2 10 >1. 05 5 ≤0. 02 0. >1 ≤0 > ≤

Abstract Introduction: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is a severe autosomal dominant systemic disease. It affects the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems, heart, kidneys, and eyes. Amyloid deposition has been demonstrated in the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments of the kidney. Therefore, urinary acidification disorders such as renal tubular acidosis (RTA) may be early manifestations of renal involvement in this population. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of RTA in individuals with ATTRv. Methods: We included symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals with TTR mutation, older than 18 years, GFR >45 mL/min/1.73m2, without systemic metabolic acidosis. Urinary acidification protocol was performed with furosemide and fludrocortisone after 12 h of water deprivation (water deprivation test - WDT) and measurements of urine ammonium ( UNH 4 +) and titratable acidity (UTA). Proximal RTA (pRTA) was diagnosed when FEHCO3>10%. Incomplete form distal RTA (dRTA) was diagnosed if UpH>5.3. Results: We selected 49 individuals with a mean age of 40 (35.5–56.5) years, 63% of which were female, 84% were Caucasian, and mean GFR was 85.5 ± 20.5 mL/min/1.73m2. 94% had the genetic variant Val50Met and 57% were symptomatic. The prevalence of pRTA was 2% and of dRTA was 16.3%. In the subgroup with dRTA, there was no significant increase in excretion of UNH 4 + and UTA. We observed a good correlation between UpH by potentiometry and UpH dipstick. A UpH<5.5 on the dipstick had 100% sensitivity and negative predictive value to exclude dRTA. Conclusion: A high prevalence of RTA was found in individuals with TTR mutations. The UpH dipstick after WDT had good accuracy for screening for dRTA. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of early diagnosis and treatment of RTA in this population. Introduction ATTRv (ATTRv disease systems heart kidneys eyes kidney Therefore (RTA population Objective Methods mutation 1 years 45 >4 mLmin173m2 mLminm mL min 73m2 m mL/min/1.73m2 UTA . (UTA) (pRTA FEHCO310 FEHCO FEHCO3 10 FEHCO3>10% (dRTA UpH53 5 3 UpH>5.3 Results 35.5–56.5 355565 35 56 (35.5–56.5 63 female 84 Caucasian 855 85 85. 205 20 20. 94 ValMet Val Met 57 2 163 16 16.3% UpH55 UpH<5. 100 Conclusion mutations > mLmin mLmin173m 73m mL/min/1.73m (UTA FEHCO31 FEHCO3>10 UpH5 UpH>5. 35.5–56. 35556 (35.5–56. 6 8 9 16.3 UpH<5 FEHCO3>1 UpH>5 35.5–56 3555 (35.5–56 16. UpH< FEHCO3> UpH> 35.5–5 355 (35.5–5 35.5– (35.5– 35.5 (35.5 35. (35. (35 (3

Resumo Introdução: A amiloidose hereditária por transtirretina (ATTRv) é uma doença sistêmica autossômica dominante grave. Afeta os sistemas nervoso periférico e autônomo, coração, rins e olhos. A deposição de amiloide foi demonstrada nos compartimentos glomerular e tubulointersticial do rim. Portanto, distúrbios de acidificação urinária, como acidose tubular renal (ATR), podem ser manifestações precoces de envolvimento renal nessa população. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de ATR em indivíduos com ATTRv. Métodos: Incluímos indivíduos sintomáticos e assintomáticos com mutação na TTR, maiores de 18 anos, TFG >45 mL/min/1,73m2, sem acidose metabólica sistêmica. Realizou-se protocolo de acidificação urinária com furosemida e fludrocortisona após 12 horas de privação hídrica (teste de restrição hídrica - TRH) e medições de amônia urinária ( uNH 4 +) e acidez titulável (uTA) na urina. ATR proximal (ATRp) foi diagnosticada quando FEHCO3>10%. ATR distal (ATRd) de forma incompleta foi diagnosticada se pHu>5,3. Resultados: Selecionamos 49 indivíduos com idade média de 40 (35,5–56,5) anos, 63% mulheres, 84% caucasianos e TFG média de 85,5 ± 20,5 mL/min/1,73m2. 94% apresentaram a variante genética Val50Met; 57% eram sintomáticos. A prevalência de ATRp foi 2% e a de ATRd foi 16,3%. No subgrupo com ATRd, não houve aumento significativo na excreção de uNH 4 + e uTA. Observamos uma boa correlação entre pHU por potenciometria e pHU por fita reagente. Um pHU<5,5 na fita reagente apresentou 100% de sensibilidade e valor preditivo negativo para excluir a ATRd. ConclusÃO: Uma alta prevalência de ATR foi encontrada em indivíduos com mutações na TTR. O pHU por fita reagente após TRH teve boa precisão para triagem de ATRd. São necessários mais estudos para avaliar o impacto do diagnóstico e tratamento precoces da ATR nessa população. Introdução ATTRv (ATTRv grave autônomo coração olhos rim Portanto ATR, , (ATR) população Objetivo Métodos TTR 1 anos 45 >4 mLmin173m2 mLminm mL min 73m2 m mL/min/1,73m2 Realizouse Realizou teste uTA (uTA urina (ATRp FEHCO310 FEHCO FEHCO3 10 FEHCO3>10% (ATRd pHu53 pHu 5 3 pHu>5,3 Resultados 35,5–56,5 355565 35 56 (35,5–56,5 63 mulheres 84 855 85 85, 205 20 20, 94 Val50Met ValMet Val Met 57 2 163 16 16,3% pHU55 pHU<5, 100 ConclusÃO (ATR > mLmin mLmin173m 73m mL/min/1,73m FEHCO31 FEHCO3>10 pHu5 pHu>5, 35,5–56, 35556 (35,5–56, 6 8 9 16,3 pHU5 pHU<5 FEHCO3>1 pHu>5 35,5–56 3555 (35,5–56 16, pHU< FEHCO3> pHu> 35,5–5 355 (35,5–5 35,5– (35,5– 35,5 (35,5 35, (35, (35 (3

Abstract The growing use of contemporary models for predicting carbonation fronts, such as artificial neural networks, requires greater rigor in terms of database completeness. Treating carbonation depth databases as time series is a favorable alternative for quality assurance. Therefore, the aim of this article is to identify the best technique for imputing missing data in time series of carbonation depths of concrete with different compositions. The database used was information collected from concretes subjected to natural carbonation over 20 years of exposure belonging to the GEDur/UFG. Ten imputation techniques were tried, such as foward fill, moving average, interpolation and Kalman filter. All the techniques and analyses were implemented using the Python programming language in an integrated development environment. Based on the performance metrics and visual analysis, it was found that monotonic cubic spline interpolation captured the pattern of the carbonation depth curve as a function of time with greater precision and accuracy, achieving a performance index of 0.998 and RMSE between 0.106 mm and 0.863 mm depending on the concrete sample. fronts networks completeness assurance Therefore compositions 2 GEDurUFG GEDur UFG GEDur/UFG tried fill average filter environment analysis accuracy 0998 0 998 0.99 0106 106 0.10 0863 863 0.86 sample 099 99 0.9 010 10 0.1 086 86 0.8 09 9 0. 01 1 08 8

Resumo O crescente uso de modelos contemporâneos de previsão de frentes de carbonatação, como redes neurais artificiais, exige maior rigor sobre a completude dos bancos de dados. Tratar os bancos de dados de profundidades de carbonatação como séries temporais é uma alternativa favorável à garantia da qualidade. Dessa forma, este artigo tem o objetivo de identificar a melhor técnica de imputação de dados ausentes em séries temporais de profundidades de carbonatação de concretos com diferentes composições. Como banco de dados foram utilizadas as informações coletadas de concretos submetidos à carbonatação natural ao longo de 20 anos de exposição pertencentes ao grupo GEDur/UFG. Foram experimentadas dez técnicas de imputação entre as quais destacam-se, foward fill, média móvel, interpolação e filtro de Kalman. Todas as técnicas e análises foram implementadas utilizando linguagem de programação em python dentro de um ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado. Com base nas métricas de desempenho e análise visual, constatou-se que a interpolação spline monotônica cúbica capturou o padrão da curva de profundidade de carbonatação em função do tempo com maior precisão e acurácia, alcançando índice de desempenho de 0,998 e RMSE entre 0,106mm e 0,863mm dependendo da amostra de concreto. artificiais qualidade forma composições 2 GEDurUFG GEDur UFG GEDur/UFG destacamse, destacamse destacam se, se destacam-se fill móvel Kalman integrado visual constatouse constatou acurácia 0998 0 998 0,99 0106mm mm 106mm 0863mm 863mm concreto 099 99 0,9 09 9 0,

Abstract The improvement intention that precedes the improvement behavior of employees is a primary factor for companies that employ them to achieve their objectives. In this study, the influence of two Performance Appraisal (PA) variables was examined: supervisor diligence and subordinates' reactions to the PA meeting. Thirteen control variables were incorporated into the analysis, including 7 demographic and 6 factors related to performance evaluation, such as individualized consideration, relationship, supervisor support, procedural justice, accuracy of PA, and satisfaction with PA. Data were collected through a questionnaire provided by McClendon et al. and responses were obtained from 224 employees of automotive manufacturing companies in the city of Aguascalientes. The reliability coefficients of the questionnaire were high, indicating robust consistency in the responses. A multiple regression analysis revealed an explanatory model of 0.456 of the variance in improvement intention, highlighting the significant contribution of the supervisor's feedback and diligence factors, without the inclusion of control variables. In this context, feedback stood out as the key factor, suggesting that allocating organizational resources for supervisor training could generate greater benefits in employee improvement behavior. These findings highlight the importance of supervisor feedback and diligence as critical elements in driving improvement intention among employees.

Resumen La intención de mejora que precede al comportamiento de mejora de los empleados es un factor primordial para que las empresas que los emplean logren sus objetivos. Este estudio examinó la influencia de dos variables de la Evaluación del Desempeño (ED): la diligencia del supervisor y las reacciones de los subordinados a la reunión de ED. Se incorporaron al análisis 13 variables de control, que incluyeron 7 demográficas y 6 factores relacionados con la evaluación del desempeño, tales como consideración individualizada, relación, apoyo del supervisor, justicia procedimental, precisión de la ED y satisfacción con la ED. Los datos se recopilaron a través de un cuestionario proporcionado por McClendon et al. y se obtuvieron respuestas de 224 empleados de empresas manufactureras automotrices de la ciudad de Aguascalientes. Los coeficientes de confiabilidad del cuestionario fueron altos, indicando una consistencia robusta en las respuestas. Un análisis de regresión múltiple reveló un modelo explicativo del 0.456 de la varianza en la intención de mejora, destacando la contribución significativa de los factores de retroalimentación y diligencia del supervisor, sin la inclusión de las variables de control. En este contexto, la retroalimentación se destacó como el factor clave, sugiriendo que la asignación de recursos organizacionales para la capacitación de supervisores podría generar mayores beneficios en el comportamiento de mejora de los empleados. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de la retroalimentación y la diligencia del supervisor como elementos críticos en el impulso de la intención de mejora entre los empleados.

Resumen Introducción. Las medidas de adaptación al cambio climático requieren de la toma de decisiones informadas. Sin embargo, la agricultura de pequeña escala muestra bajas tasas de adopción de tecnologías por su costo y falta de conectividad. Objetivo. Evaluar tres prototipos de dispositivos para agricultura de pequeña escala y de bajo costo para medir humedad de suelo en diferentes texturas, así como determinar las respectivas ecuaciones de calibración y los efectos de conductividad eléctrica y temperatura en la medida de humedad. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron tres prototipos de dispositivos de medición y registro de humedad de suelo, en suelos con diferencial en contenido de arcilla/arena y conductividad eléctrica en parcelas productivas de la Universidad Zamorano, en Honduras; y Finca demostrativa en Popayán, Colombia, durante el primer trimestre del 2022. Se tomaron como referencia sensores comerciales para la comparación del desempeño de los prototipos, mediante análisis de regresión de las lecturas por hora de los sensores durante 90 días. Se recolectaron las variables de conductividad eléctrica (dS/m) y temperatura para determinar la influencia en la precisión de la lectura de humedad. Resultados. Los dispositivos de medición y registro de humedad presentaron un mejor desempeño en suelos con menor contenido de arena. La medición de los dispositivos sobrestimó entre 0,19 y 0,52 puntos porcentuales la lectura de humedad por cada grado adicional de temperatura del suelo, y que por cada dS/m adicional de conductividad eléctrica la lectura se debe ajustar entre 8 y 55 puntos porcentuales. Conclusiones. El prototipo A fue el dispositivo más exacto, mientras que el prototipo B fue el más preciso, con respecto a los sensores comerciales. Los dispositivos de humedad presentaron un mejor desempeño en suelos con menor contenido de arena. Los tres modelos evaluados obtuvieron el mejor desempeño en suelo franco con contenido medio de arcilla.

Abstract Introduction. Climate change adaptation measures require informed decision-making. However, small-scale agriculture shows low rates of technology adoption due to cost and lack of connectivity. Objective. To evaluate three low-cost prototypes of small-scale agriculture devices for soil moisture measurement in different soil textures, as well as to determine the respective calibration equations, and the effects of electrical conductivity and temperature on moisture measurement. Materials and methods. Three measurement and recording prototypes for soil moisture were evaluated in soils with variations in clay/sand content and electrical conductivity in productive plots at Zamorano University in Honduras and a demonstration farm in Popayán, Colombia during the first quarter of 2022. Commercial sensors were used as a reference to compare the performance of the prototypes through regression analysis of hourly sensor readings over 90 days. Electrical conductivity (dS/m) and temperature variables were collected to determine their influence on moisture reading accuracy. Results. The soil moisture measurement devices showed better performance in soils with lower sand content. The measurement from the devices overestimated moisture readings by 0.19 to 0.52 percentage points for each additional degree of soil temperature. Additionally, for each additional dS/m of electrical conductivity, the reading needed adjustment by 8 to 55 percentage points. Conclusions. Prototype A was the most accurate device, while prototype B was the most precise compared to commercial sensors. Soil moisture devices performed best in soils with lower sand content. The three models evaluated performed best in loam soil with a medium clay content.

Resumen Objetivo: desarrollar un método para la cobertura delta de portafolios de opciones europeas listadas con base en la teoría del cálculo conformable que mejora la precisión de las predicciones usando la aproximación de primer orden. Metodología: permitimos que la primera derivada en el modelo clásico de Black-Scholes-Merton tenga un orden fraccional 0 ≤ α ≤ 1 y calculamos la delta correspondiente de un portafolio como función de este parámetro conformable. Resultados: aplicando este método a un portafolio conformado de ocho opciones europeas listadas sobre el índice SPX, encontramos que la cobertura conformable genera predicciones más precisas, en promedio, que la cobertura tradicional. Limitaciones: este método es aplicable solamente a la cobertura delta (hedging) de opciones europeas. Originalidad: esta es la primera aplicación exitosa del cálculo conformable a la cobertura delta en opciones europeas. Conclusiones: la aplicación del cálculo conformable permite mayor flexibilidad en la aproximación local implícita en la cobertura delta de portafolios de acciones europeas y se ofrece como una metodología novel y de mayor precisión que la tradicional.

Abstract Objective: we aim to develop a method for delta hedging portfolios of European options based on the theory of conformable calculus which improves accuracy of risk management of listed options in a first-order approximation. Methodology: we allow the time derivative in the classic Black-Scholes-Merton model to have a fractional order 0 ≤ α ≤ 1 and calculate the corresponding delta of a portfolio of listed options as a function of this conformable parameter. Results: applying this method to a portfolio consisting of eight European options on the SPX index, we find that conformable delta hedging offers more accurate average predictions than classical delta hedging. Limitations: this method is applicable for delta hedging in European options only. Originality: this is the first successful application of conformable calculus to delta hedging in European options. Conclusions: application of Conformable Calculus allows for a greater flexibility in the local approximation to price in delta-hedging European options and offers a new and more precise methodology to this objective.

Abstract: The aim of this work is to put forward a methodology to evaluate the oscillatory stability of a power electric system (PES) analyzing the low-frequency oscillatory modes (LFOM) through the processing of synchrophasor measurements Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) of ambient data. The proposed methodology, based on spectral and pseudo-energy analyses and on parametric methods of Canonical Correlation Analysis and Yule-Walker, estimates the LFOM, whose frequency and damping characteristics provide critical information to PES operators to carry out preventive or emergency control actions. The proposed methodology was applied to synthetic measurements for its tuning and to characterize its range and accuracy, and to PMU records of the Ecuadorian power transmission system, successfully identifying the 0.4 Hz inter-area mode of the Ecuador-Colombia interconnection. The contributions of this work are aimed at evaluating the oscillatory stability of the PES through automatic computational tool that processes PMU signals of ambient type data.

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una metodología para evaluar la estabilidad oscilatoria de un sistema eléctrico de potencia (SEP) mediante el análisis de los modos oscilatorios de baja frecuencia (MOBF) a través del procesamiento de mediciones sincrofasoriales (Phasor Measurement Units PMU) de datos tipo ambiente. La metodología propuesta, basada en los análisis espectral y de pseudoenergía y en los métodos paramétricos de Análisis de Correlación Canónica y de Yule - Walker, estima los MOBF, cuyas características de frecuencia y amortiguamiento brindan información crítica a los operadores del SEP para adoptar acciones de control preventivo o de emergencia. La metodología propuesta fue aplicada a mediciones sintéticas para su sintonización y caracterizar su alcance y precisión, y a registros PMU del sistema de transmisión de energía de Ecuador logrando identificar satisfactoriamente el modo interárea de 0,4 Hz propio de la interconexión Ecuador-Colombia. Las contribuciones de este trabajo están encaminadas a evaluar la estabilidad oscilatoria de los SEP a través de una herramienta computacional automática que procese señales PMU de datos tipo ambiente.

Abstract: This paper presents a methodology, based on frequency response models, to estimate the minimum or maximum value -nadir- that the frequency reaches when a generation - load unbalance occurs in the power system. To this end, the 1st order reduced equivalent model of the generator’s power-frequency control system is determined using the "Parameter Estimator" of Matlab/Simulink. Then, a set of equations coming from the reduced equivalent model is established to estimate the value of the maximum transient frequency deviation and its occurrence time. To illustrate the application of the proposed methodology, the IEEE New England test system has been chosen. Once this is done, the proposed methodology is applied to the Ecuadorian Interconnected Power System. The results of time domain simulations using the PowerFactory software are presented and compared with the results calculated using the developed reduced and analytical models. It is concluded that the proposed methodology estimates with high accuracy the maximum transient frequency deviation and its time of occurrence.

Resumen: En el presente trabajo se presenta una metodología, basada en modelos de repuesta de la frecuencia, para estimar el valor mínimo o máximo -nadir- que alcanza la frecuencia cuando en el sistema eléctrico de potencia se presenta un desbalance generación - carga. Con este fin, se determina el modelo reducido de 1er orden del sistema de control potencia - frecuencia del generador usando el “Estimador de Parámetros” de Matlab/Simulink. Luego, se establecen ecuaciones que provienen del modelo equivalente reducido para estimar el valor de la máxima desviación transitoria de la frecuencia y su tiempo de ocurrencia. Para ilustrar la aplicación de la metodología presentada se ha elegido el sistema de prueba IEEE New England de 39 barras y 10 generadores. Hecho esto, la metodología propuesta se aplica al Sistema Nacional Interconectado ecuatoriano. Se presentan resultados de simulaciones en el dominio del tiempo usando el programa PowerFactory, mismos que son comparados con los resultados calculados mediante el modelo equivalente reducido y el modelo analítico. Se concluye que la metodología propuesta estima con alta precisión la máxima desviación transitoria de la frecuencia y su tiempo de ocurrencia.