RESUMEN En este artículo se busca explicar la situación jurídica de la población penitenciaria con discapacidad en el Perú. Para ello, se realiza un estudio sobre las personas con discapacidad dentro de la realidad penitenciaria peruana, seguido por el análisis del marco jurídico respectivo, así como los avances y desafíos locales de sus derechos. Se propone mejoras al sistema penitenciario en aras de brindar una mayor accesibilidad, disponibilidad, aceptabilidad e inclusión en los establecimientos carcelarios. Estas mejoras consisten en el trato humano de la vulnerabilidad en reemplazo de la política resocializadora tradicional en tanto finalidad de la pena y la instauración de juzgados de ejecución penal para el procesamiento de los beneficios penitenciarios. Se emplea una metodología cualitativa con diseño documental y alcance descriptivo. Por último, como principales hallazgos, dada la extrema vulnerabilidad en que vive la población penitenciaria con discapacidad en el Perú, se destaca la necesidad de dotar a la pena de prisión de fundamentos políticos distributivos, facilitando así la alineación con estándares internacionales de derechos humanos que prioricen la reducción de barreras estructurales. En este respecto, es viable la adopción de la política del trato humano y la implementación de juzgados de ejecución penal con la finalidad de reducir la vulnerabilidad de los reclusos con discapacidad y promover el respeto de sus derechos fundamentales.

ABSTRACT This article aims to elucidate the legal situation of the incarcerated population with disabilities in Peru. To achieve this, a study is conducted on individuals with disabilities within the Peruvian penal reality, followed by an analysis of the corresponding legal framework and local progress and challenges regarding their rights. Proposed improvements to the prison system aim to enhance accessibility, availability, acceptability, and inclusion in correctional facilities. These enhancements involve treating vulnerability with humane considerations, replacing the traditional rehabilitative policy as the primary purpose of punishment. Additionally, the establishment of penal execution courts is proposed for processing penitentiary benefits. A qualitative methodology with a documentary design and descriptive scope is employed. As a key finding, given the extreme vulnerability of the incarcerated population with disabilities in Peru, there is a highlighted need to imbue the prison sentence with distributive political foundations, aligning with international Human Rights standards prioritizing the reduction of structural barriers. In this regard, the adoption of a humane treatment policy and the implementation of penal execution courts are deemed viable measures to reduce the vulnerability of inmates with disabilities and promote the respect of their fundamental rights.

Resumen: Introducción: En inicios del año 2015 se implementa el convenio de complementación público-privado entre los dos principales prestadores del Departamento de San José - Uruguay: AMSJ y ASSE San José, conformándose así la Unidad Departamental de Medicina Paliativa de San José (UDMP). El convenio tiene como principal objetivo asegurar la asistencia paliativa a todos los usuarios de los prestadores involucrados con los principios fundamentales de calidad, equidad y accesibilidad, siguiendo los lineamientos del Plan Nacional de Cuidados Paliativos del Ministerio de Salud Pública de Uruguay. El objetivo es describir y analizar la experiencia de la implementación del primer modelo de complementación público-privado del país en Cuidados Paliativos (CP). Metodología: Estudio descriptivo analítico, retrospectivo que incluye datos de los primeros siete años de funcionamiento del convenio. Resultados: El convenio de complementación público-privado en el Departamento de San José, permitió la creación de un equipo interdisciplinario que asistió en forma continua a 1422 pacientes provenientes de zonas urbanas y rurales, portadores de diversas patologías. La cobertura departamental de CP aumentó de forma significativa, pasando de 24 % en 2014 a 57% en 2021. Estos resultados se lograron implementando un modelo de asistencia paliativa que asegura la continuidad asistencial en internación, consultorio y domicilio, que permitió respetar la autonomía del paciente, logrando el fallecimiento de 67% de los pacientes en su hogar. La satisfacción de usuarios y familiares de la asistencia brindada fue evaluada como muy buena. Conclusiones: El convenio de complementación resultó ser una herramienta eficiente para favorecer el acceso a CP, evitando la superposición de equipos en la asistencia domiciliaria en todo el departamento de San José.

Resumo: Introdução: No início de 2015, foi implementado o acordo de complementaridade público-privado entre os dois principais prestadores do Departamento de San José Uruguai: AMSJ e ASSE San José, formando assim a Unidade Departamental de Medicina Paliativa de San José (UDMP). O principal objetivo do acordo é garantir cuidados paliativos a todos os usuários dos prestadores envolvidos, com os princípios fundamentais de qualidade, equidade e acessibilidade, seguindo as diretrizes do Plano Nacional de Cuidados Paliativos do Ministério de Saúde Pública do Uruguai. El objetivo es descrever e analisar a experiência de implementação do primeiro modelo de complementação público-privada em Cuidados Paliativos (CP) do país. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, analítico, retrospectivo que inclui dados dos primeiros sete anos de vigência do convênio. Resultados: O acordo de complementação público-privada no Departamento de San José permitiu a criação de uma equipe interdisciplinar que atendeu continuamente 1.422 pacientes de áreas urbanas e rurais, com diversas patologias. A cobertura departamental do CP aumentou significativamente, de 24% em 2014 para 57% em 2021. Estes resultados foram alcançados através da implementação de um modelo de cuidados paliativos que garante a continuidade dos cuidados no internamento, no consultório e no domicílio, o que permitiu respeitar a autonomia do doente, atingindo a morte de 67% dos doentes no domicílio. A satisfação dos usuários e familiares com a assistência prestada foi avaliada como muito boa. Conclusões: O convênio de complementação revelou-se uma ferramenta eficiente para promover o acesso à CP, evitando a sobreposição de equipes na atenção domiciliar em todo o departamento de San José.

Abstract: Introduction: At the beginning of 2015, the public-private complementarity agreement was implemented between the two main providers of the Department of San José Uruguay: AMSJ and ASSE San José, thus forming the Departmental Unit of Palliative Medicine of San José (UDMP). The main objective of the agreement is to ensure palliative care to all users of the providers involved, with the fundamental principles of quality, equity and accessibility, following the guidelines of the National Palliative Care Plan of the Ministry of Public Health of Uruguay. The objective is describe and analyze the experience of implementing the country's first public-private complementation model in Palliative Care (PC). Methodology: Descriptive, analytical, retrospective study that includes data from the first seven years of operation of the agreement. Results: The public-private complementation agreement in the Department of San José allowed the creation of an interdisciplinary team that continuously assisted 1,422 patients from urban and rural areas, with various pathologies. Departmental CP coverage increased significantly, from 24% in 2014 to 57% in 2021. These results were achieved by implementing a palliative care model that ensures continuity of care in hospitalization, office and home, which allowed the patient's autonomy to be respected, achieving the death of 67% of patients at home. The satisfaction of users and family members with the assistance provided was evaluated as very good. Conclusions: The complementation agreement turned out to be an efficient tool to promote access to CP, avoiding the overlap of teams in home care throughout the department of San José.

Abstract The present article presents the results of the research entitled “Women, Violence, and Fear in the Public Space of Colombian Cities: A Comparative Analysis of Medellín, Bogotá, and Cali” funded by CODI and the Research Center of the Faculty of Law and Political Sciences at the University of Antioquia. In this study, the causal conditions that affect the presence of livable public spaces for women are examined, using the comparative configurational method and the fsQCA software, in order to establish a sufficient explanation for the existence of this habitability. The analytical framework used was the feminist geography of difference. The data collection techniques were survey and documentary tracking. It is concluded that the minimum implications for the presence of habitable public spaces for women are two: mobility and effective accessibility, and the availability of inclusive and safe cultural offerings. In addition, it is found that gender is a necessary condition, but not a sufficient one, for the space to be habitable.

Resumen El presente artículo expone los resultados de la investigación titulada “Mujeres, violencia y miedo en el espacio público de las ciudades colombianas: un análisis comparado de Medellín, Bogotá y Cali”, financiado por el CODI y el Centro de Investigaciones de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de la Universidad de Antioquia. En esta se estudiaron las condiciones causales que inciden en la presencia de espacios públicos habitables para las mujeres, se utilizó el método configuracional comparado y el software fsQCA, con el fin de establecer la explicación suficiente para que esta habitabilidad se dé. El marco analítico utilizado fue la geografía feminista de la diferencia. Las técnicas de recolección de información empleadas fueron la encuesta y el rastreo documental. Se concluyó que las implicaciones mínimas para la presencia de espacios públicos habitables para las mujeres son dos: la movilidad y accesibilidad efectiva y la disponibilidad de propuestas culturales incluyentes y seguras. Adicionalmente, se estableció que el género es condición necesaria, más no suficiente, para que el espacio sea habitable.

Abstract Objective The current study delves into the accessibility of genetic evaluations for individuals with orofacial clefts (OC), comparing data between genetics and treatment centers across Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional retrospective study analyzed primary data from 1463 OC individuals registered in the Brazilian Database of Craniofacial Anomalies (BDCA) between 2008 and 2018 without age or sex selection. Diagnostic exam results stemming from research projects until 2023 were considered. Results Of the 1463 individuals with typical OC, 987 were non-syndromic, 462 were syndromic (SOC), 10 presented atypical forms, and three were not specified OC cases. The average age for accessing laboratory diagnosis was 8.5 years among SOC individuals. Notably, more SOC cases were registered in genetics centers than treatment and rehabilitation centers (37.1 % vs. 29 %, p = 0.0015). Those originating from genetics centers accessed diagnosis at an average age of 7.3 years, while those from treatment and rehabilitation centers experienced delays with an average age of 10.7 years (p = 0.0581). Conclusions Irrespective of the center of origin, the data highlight delayed diagnosis and challenges in accessing genetic tests for the syndromic group. Given the widespread reliance on the public health system by most of the Brazilian population, disseminating this data can significantly contribute to shaping an informed perspective on healthcare access. These insights can improve public policies tailored to the unique needs of individuals with OC. , (OC) Brazil crosssectional cross sectional 146 BDCA (BDCA 200 201 selection 202 considered 98 nonsyndromic, nonsyndromic non syndromic, non-syndromic 46 SOC, (SOC) 1 forms 85 8 5 8. Notably 37.1 371 37 (37. vs 2 0.0015. 00015 0.0015 . 0 0015 0.0015) 73 7 3 7. 107 10. 0.0581. 00581 0.0581 0581 0.0581) origin group population access (OC 14 20 9 4 (SOC 37. (37 0001 0.001 001 0058 0.058 058 (3 000 0.00 00 005 0.05 05 ( 0.0 0.

ABSTRACT The present study aimed at understanding the access barriers of homeless people (HP) in Belo Horizonte city to health services as well as to analyze the employed care strategies from the Belo Horizonte Consultório na Rua (eCR), street clinics’ team view. We report a qualitative study by means of semi structured interviews with 10 workers from two eCR. The investigated HP face protocol and symbolic discriminatory barriers that hamper and impede their rights of access to the health system, besides the Brazil Unified Health System (SUS) equity guidelines. These barriers are related to the social exclusion process to what the homeless people are submitted, marked by multiple and overlapping violences, restricted access to basic rights that are escalated when the use of drugs is reported. Among the strategies to overcome the access barriers are the need to qualify public data on HP, institutional dialogues on the HP access to the SUS, a more permanent education attitudes to demystify thoughts and prejudices, the need to elaborate different flows that take into account the HP’s ways of life, the need of outgoing primary care actions that promote inclusion of the Belo Horizonte HP, as well as strategies that strengthen them with active social participation.

RESUMO O presente artigo visa analisar as barreiras de acesso aos serviços de saúde da População em Situação de Rua (PSR) e as estratégias de cuidado na percepção das trabalhadoras das equipes de Consultório na Rua (eCR) de Belo Horizonte. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 trabalhadoras de duas eCR. A PSR possui barreiras de acesso discriminatórias, protocolares e simbólicas que impedem a efetivação do acesso ao direito à saúde, apesar da diretriz da equidade ser norteadora para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Essas barreiras se relacionam com o processo de exclusão social ao qual a PSR está submetida, marcado por múltiplas e sobrepostas violências, pelo acesso restrito aos direitos básicos e se agravam quando há relatos de uso de drogas. Dentre as estratégias de superação das barreiras de acesso estão a necessidade de qualificação de dados públicos sobre a PSR, alinhamentos institucionais sobre acesso da PSR ao SUS, ações de educação permanente para desmistificar mitos e preconceitos, elaboração de fluxos que considerem os modos de vida da PSR, atuação extramuros da atenção primária para vinculação da PSR do território e estratégias de fortalecimento da PSR com participação no controle social.

ABSTRACT The objective was to analyze the social determinants of health in Angola. This is a documentary, exploratory and quantitative research, carried out with data from the 2015-2016 Multiple Indicators and Health Survey in Angola. The analyzed variables were: access to drinking water sources; appropriate sanitary facilities; access to electricity; educational level; access to jobs; child mortality rate; prenatal consultations; and vaccination coverage. It was observed that 45.2% of households do not have access to adequate water sources for drinking; 52.9% use inappropriate sanitation facilities, mainly in rural areas; 31% of men aged 15 to 49 were unemployed; 42% of households had access to electricity; 22% of women and 8% of men aged 15 to 49 have never attended school; the estimated infant mortality rate was 44 deaths for every 1000 live births; 44.1% of pregnant women with lower socioeconomic status did not undergo any prenatal consultation; 18.3% of children aged 12 to 23 months and 21% aged 24 to 35 months did not receive any vaccine. It is concluded that there are large gaps in access to social determinants of health, highlighting the need for government efforts in partnership with international organizations to improve the population’s health conditions.

RESUMO Objetivou-se analisar os fatores determinantes sociais da saúde em Angola. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, exploratória e quantitativa, realizada com dados do Inquérito de Indicadores Múltiplos e de Saúde 2015-2016 de Angola. Foram analisadas as variáveis: acesso a fontes de água para beber; instalações sanitárias apropriadas; acesso à eletricidade; nível educacional; acesso a empregos; taxa de mortalidade infantil; consultas pré-natais; e cobertura vacinal. Observou-se que 45,2% dos agregados familiares não têm acesso a fontes de água apropriada para beber; 52,9% utiliza instalações sanitárias não apropriadas, principalmente nas áreas rurais; 31% dos homens de 15 a 49 anos estavam desempregados; 42% dos agregados familiares possuíam acesso à eletricidade; 22% das mulheres e 8% dos homens de 15 a 49 anos nunca frequentaram a escola; a estimativa da taxa de mortalidade infantil foi de 44 mortes para cada 1000 nascidos-vivos; 44,1% das gestantes com menor nível socioeconômico não realizaram nenhuma consulta pré-natal; 18,3% das crianças de 12 a 23 meses e 21% de 24 a 35 meses não receberam nenhuma vacina. Conclui-se que existem grandes lacunas no acesso a determinantes sociais da saúde, evidenciando a necessidade de esforços governamentais em parceria com organismos internacionais para melhorar as condições de saúde da população.

Abstract Introduction: The lack of specialized professionals potentially contributes to the inability to meet the demand for kidney transplantations. Moreover, there is no universal proposal for the training process of transplantation surgeons. We aimed to explore the characteristics of the training program and professional activities of kidney transplantation teams in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: We invited the surgeons of all 19 active kidney transplantation centers in Minas Gerais to participate in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and professional training data were compared using linear and logistic regression models. Results: The response rate among the centers was high (89%); half of the surgeons answered the survey (39/78). Most of the centers were public teaching institutions, under a production-based payment contract, with a mean of 6 ± 2.4 surgeons/team; 94.2% of the centers had urologists. The surgeons were 95% male (age of 46.3 ± 9.7 years) and 59% were urologists. Most were involved in organ procurement and transplantation; only one surgeon worked exclusively with transplantation. The mean period since training was 13 ± 9.4 years, with a mean of 10 ± 9.7 years as part of the transplantation team. Only 25.6% had specialized or formal training in transplantation, with only one completing a formal medical residency for kidney transplantation. The lack of training programs was the most frequently cited reason. Conclusion: Kidney transplantation surgeons are not exclusive and most have not completed a formal fellowship program in transplantation because they are not available. These data indicate the need to improve training programs and facilitate the formation of new kidney transplantation teams. Introduction transplantations Moreover Brazil Methods 1 crosssectional cross sectional study models Results 89% 89 (89%) 39/78. 3978 39/78 . 39 78 (39/78) institutions productionbased production based contract 24 2 4 2. surgeons/team surgeonsteam team 942 94 94.2 urologists 95 age 463 46 3 46. 97 9 7 9. 59 256 25 25.6 reason Conclusion available 8 (89% 397 39/7 (39/78 94. 5 25. (89 39/ (39/7 (8 (39/ ( (39 (3

Resumo Introdução: A falta de profissionais especializados pode contribuir para incapacidade de atender à demanda por transplantes renais. Além disto, não existe uma proposta universal para o processo de formação de cirurgiões transplantadores. Nosso objetivo foi explorar características do programa de treinamento e atividades profissionais das equipes de transplante renal no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Convidamos os cirurgiões dos 19 centros de transplante renal ativos em Minas Gerais a participarem desse estudo transversal. Comparamos dados demográficos e de formação profissional utilizando modelos de regressão linear e logística. Resultados: A taxa de resposta entre os centros foi elevada (89%); metade dos cirurgiões responderam à pesquisa (39/78). A maioria dos centros eram instituições públicas de ensino, com contrato de remuneração por produção, com média de 6 ± 2,4 cirurgiões/equipe; 94,2% dos centros tinham urologistas. Os cirurgiões eram 95% homens (idade entre 46, 3 ± 9,7 anos) e 59% eram urologistas. A maioria estava envolvida em captação e transplante de órgãos; somente um trabalhava exclusivamente com transplante. O período médio desde a formação foi de 13 ± 9,4 anos, com média de 10 ± 9,7 anos como parte da equipe de transplante. Apenas 25,6% possuíam formação especializada ou formal em transplante, com somente um tendo concluído residência médica formal em transplante renal. A falta de programas de treinamento foi o motivo mais citado. Conclusão: Cirurgiões de transplante renal não são exclusivos e a maioria não concluiu um programa formal de treinamento em transplante pela falta de disponibilidade. Esses dados indicam necessidade de aprimorar programas de treinamento e facilitar a formação de novas equipes de transplante renal. Introdução renais disto transplantadores Brasil Métodos 1 transversal logística Resultados 89% 89 (89%) 39/78. 3978 39/78 . 39 78 (39/78) ensino produção 24 2 4 2, cirurgiões/equipe cirurgiõesequipe 942 94 94,2 urologistas 95 idade 46 97 9 7 9, 59 órgãos 256 25 25,6 citado Conclusão disponibilidade 8 (89% 397 39/7 (39/78 94, 5 25, (89 39/ (39/7 (8 (39/ ( (39 (3

This article provides a chronological account of the South African Journal of Science (SAJS) from its inception in 1903 up to the present. This approach clarifies the shifts in emphasis and purpose as the Journal moved through changing publishing structures. Over the course of a century, the SAJS evolved from a publication that included both lay and professional contributions into a formal professionalised scholarly journal while retaining its accessibility Originally appearing as the Report of the South African Association for the Advancement of Science (S2A3), for many decades the content presented the work of people with scientific interests, as reflected at the Annual Meetings of the S2A3 convened at various locations around southern Africa. Its objective was to serve as a means of communication between scientific workers in all fields and at different levels and not to restrict itself to publishing erudite original findings alone. A further aim was to communicate interesting evidence-based knowledge to the general public, thereby linking science to broader society From those beginnings, the article traces the numerous changes in format, regularity quality and financing over a century As science and scientists became more formalised in South Africa, editorial disciplines were introduced, and higher quality contributions were solicited. Financial considerations thrust the Journal under different publishing umbrellas. Authors became more professional and disciplined in their publications. This article chronicles the development of the SAJS into the open-access scholarly multidisciplinary journal it is today SIGNIFICANCE: This work contributes to the history of scientific publishing and scientific institutional history in South Africa. Previous literature in the field of the history of science has made use of contributions to academic journals as sources, but this article on the South African Journal of Science shifts attention to the publication itself to focus on South Africa's most important multidisciplinary journal. Its partnership with Nature is significant and not generally known. Moreover, this article creates opportunities for further research within the field of colonial and imperial science, nationalism, professionalisation, and links between South African scholarly journals and those published elsewhere.

Abstract Numerous approaches investigate the reduction of gaps and inequities in the knowledge society, where ICTs, as services and products are present. These approaches include the Sustainable Development Goals and Web Accessibility. Both issues are global and on the international agenda. The article investigates the participation of women from university environments through their productions disseminated in congresses originated in Argentina. The methodology applied is descriptive based on the method of Evidence-Based Software Engineering. The exhibition was made up of the presentations disseminated in five congresses originated in Argentina and carried out in the period 2020-2022. Systematized empirical evidence shows the explicit and implicit social responsibility that emanates from university environments. In addition, it is remarkable the participation of women in the design, development and study around a topic of global connotation such as Web Accessibility. In this sense, the results contributes to the approach of the 4th, 5th and 10th Sustainable Development Goals.

Resumen Numerosos abordajes indagan en la disminución de brechas e inequidades en la sociedad del conocimiento, en donde las TIC, como servicios y productos están presentes. Entre estos abordajes pueden mencionarse los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible y la accesibilidad web. Ambos temas son globales y se encuentran en la agenda internacional. En el artículo se indaga sobre la participación de mujeres desde ámbitos universitarios a través de sus producciones difundidas en congresos originados en Argentina. La metodología aplicada es descriptiva adaptada del método de la Ingeniería del Software Basada en la Evidencia. La muestra la conformaron las presentaciones difundidas en cinco eventos realizados en el período 2020-2022. Las evidencias empíricas sistematizadas muestran la responsabilidad social explicita e implícita que emana desde ámbitos universitarios. Además, es notable la participación de mujeres en el diseño, desarrollo y estudio en torno a un tema de connotación global como es la accesibilidad web. En este sentido, los aportes resultantes contribuyen al abordaje del cuarto, quinto y decimo Objetivo del Desarrollo Sostenible.

SUMMARY: The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed our lives by connecting objects and creating an intelligent environment that drives automation and massive data collection. IoT has overcome challenges through remote monitoring, robotics, and sensors, with powerful wireless technologies opening up possibilities in various fields, including anatomical techniques. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of integrating IoT technology into the body maceration process by developing a low-cost, accessible, automated maceration control device compatible with theArduino IDE programming environment. Using an open-source NodeMCU system based on the ESP-12E chip, which employs the LUA programming language and is compatible with Arduino IDE, we incorporated a microSD card reader module for data storage, a digital temperature sensor (DS18B20), a clock module (DS3231), a magnetic stirrer, and an aquarium heater controlled by a digital thermostat with relay (W1209). To validate the device, we conducted maceration tests on C57BL mice, comparing two groups: Control (n=5; weight=17g) subjected to maceration in 4 liters of water at 10°C without agitation; Experimental (n=5; weight=17g) exposed to maceration in 4 liters of water at 35°C, with agitation at 1500 r/min and water flow renewal at a rate of 900 ml/h. Specimens were evaluated for their degree of maceration, cleaned, weighed, and photographed. The maceration time for the control and experi- mental groups was 730 hours and 60 hours, respectively. In the experimental group, no foul odors, damage, or bone demineralization were detected. The device cost was 60 USD, and programming through the Arduino IDE environment was straightforward. The focus on hardware contributed to accessibility and time savings. The system operated with a conventional power supply and required a water supply, making it adaptable to various configurations with greater capacity. Under this configuration, we effectively controlled the variables (temperature, agitation, and water flow). The NodeMCU-based bone maceration system improved the performance and adaptability of existing systems and increased accessibility by reducing costs, complexity, and foul odors.

RESUMEN: El rápido avance del Internet de las Cosas (IoT) ha transformado nuestras vidas al conectar objetos y crear un entorno inteligente que impulsa la automatización y la recolección masiva de datos. El IoT ha superado desafíos a través del monitoreo remoto, la robótica y los sensores, con tecnologías inalámbricas potentes que abren posibilidades en diversos campos, incluidas la anatomía y las técnicas anatómicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la viabilidad y los beneficios de integrar la tecnología IoT en el proceso de maceración cadavérica mediante el desarrollo de un dispositivo de control de maceración automatizado, accesible y de bajo costo, compatible con el entorno de programación Arduino IDE. Usando un sistema NodeMCU de código abierto basado en el chip ESP-12E, que emplea el lenguaje de programación LUA y es compatible con Arduino IDE, incorporamos un módulo lector de tarjetas microSD para el almacenamiento de datos, un sensor de temperatura digital (DS18B20), un módulo de reloj (DS3231), un agitador magnético y un calentador de acuario controlado por un termostato digital con relé (W1209). Para validar el dispositivo, realizamos pruebas de maceración en ratones C57BL, comparando dos grupos: control (n=5; peso=17g) sometido a maceración en 4 litros de agua a 10°C sin agitación; experimental (n=5; peso=17g) expuesto a maceración en 4 litros de agua a 35°C, con agitación a 1500 r/min y renovación del flujo de agua a una velocidad de 900 ml/h. Los especímenes fueron evaluados según su grado de maceración, limpiados, pesados y fotografiados. El tiempo de maceración para los grupos control y experimental fue de 730 horas y 60 horas, respectivamente. En el grupo experimental no se detectaron malos olores, daños ni desmineralización de los huesos. El costo del dispositivo fue de 60 USD y la programación a través del entorno Arduino IDE fue sencilla. El enfoque en el hardware contribuyó a la accesibilidad y al ahorro de tiempo. El sistema operaba con una fuente de alimentación convencional y requería un suministro de agua, lo que lo hace adaptable a diversas configuraciones con mayor capacidad. Bajo esta configuración, controlamos eficazmente las variables (temperatura, agitación y flujo de agua). El sistema de maceración ósea basado en NodeMCU mejoró el rendimiento y la adaptabilidad de los sistemas existentes, y aumentó la accesibilidad al reducir los costos, la complejidad y los malos olores.

RESUMO Objetivou-se analisar os fatores determinantes sociais da saúde em Angola. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, exploratória e quantitativa, realizada com dados do Inquérito de Indicadores Múltiplos e de Saúde 2015-2016 de Angola. Foram analisadas as variáveis: acesso a fontes de água para beber; instalações sanitárias apropriadas; acesso à eletricidade; nível educacional; acesso a empregos; taxa de mortalidade infantil; consultas pré-natais; e cobertura vacinal. Observou-se que 45,2% dos agregados familiares não têm acesso a fontes de água apropriada para beber; 52,9% utiliza instalações sanitárias não apropriadas, principalmente nas áreas rurais; 31% dos homens de 15 a 49 anos estavam desempregados; 42% dos agregados familiares possuíam acesso à eletricidade; 22% das mulheres e 8% dos homens de 15 a 49 anos nunca frequentaram a escola; a estimativa da taxa de mortalidade infantil foi de 44 mortes para cada 1000 nascidos-vivos; 44,1% das gestantes com menor nível socioeconômico não realizaram nenhuma consulta pré-natal; 18,3% das crianças de 12 a 23 meses e 21% de 24 a 35 meses não receberam nenhuma vacina. Conclui-se que existem grandes lacunas no acesso a determinantes sociais da saúde, evidenciando a necessidade de esforços governamentais em parceria com organismos internacionais para melhorar as condições de saúde da população. Objetivouse Objetivou se Angola Tratase Trata documental quantitativa 20152016 2015 2016 2015-201 variáveis beber apropriadas eletricidade educacional empregos prénatais pré natais pré-natais vacinal Observouse Observou 452 45 2 45,2 529 52 9 52,9 rurais 31 1 4 desempregados 42 22 8 escola 100 nascidosvivos nascidos vivos nascidos-vivos 441 44,1 prénatal natal pré-natal 183 18 3 18,3 21 vacina Concluise Conclui população 2015201 201 2015-20 45, 5 52, 10 44, 18, 201520 20 2015-2 20152 2015-

ABSTRACT The objective was to analyze the social determinants of health in Angola. This is a documentary, exploratory and quantitative research, carried out with data from the 2015-2016 Multiple Indicators and Health Survey in Angola. The analyzed variables were: access to drinking water sources; appropriate sanitary facilities; access to electricity; educational level; access to jobs; child mortality rate; prenatal consultations; and vaccination coverage. It was observed that 45.2% of households do not have access to adequate water sources for drinking; 52.9% use inappropriate sanitation facilities, mainly in rural areas; 31% of men aged 15 to 49 were unemployed; 42% of households had access to electricity; 22% of women and 8% of men aged 15 to 49 have never attended school; the estimated infant mortality rate was 44 deaths for every 1000 live births; 44.1% of pregnant women with lower socioeconomic status did not undergo any prenatal consultation; 18.3% of children aged 12 to 23 months and 21% aged 24 to 35 months did not receive any vaccine. It is concluded that there are large gaps in access to social determinants of health, highlighting the need for government efforts in partnership with international organizations to improve the population’s health conditions. Angola documentary research 20152016 2015 2016 2015-201 facilities electricity level jobs consultations coverage 452 45 2 45.2 529 52 9 52.9 areas 31 1 4 unemployed 42 22 8 school 100 births 441 44.1 consultation 183 18 3 18.3 21 vaccine populations population s conditions 2015201 201 2015-20 45. 5 52. 10 44. 18. 201520 20 2015-2 20152 2015-

RESUMO O presente artigo visa analisar as barreiras de acesso aos serviços de saúde da População em Situação de Rua (PSR) e as estratégias de cuidado na percepção das trabalhadoras das equipes de Consultório na Rua (eCR) de Belo Horizonte. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 trabalhadoras de duas eCR. A PSR possui barreiras de acesso discriminatórias, protocolares e simbólicas que impedem a efetivação do acesso ao direito à saúde, apesar da diretriz da equidade ser norteadora para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Essas barreiras se relacionam com o processo de exclusão social ao qual a PSR está submetida, marcado por múltiplas e sobrepostas violências, pelo acesso restrito aos direitos básicos e se agravam quando há relatos de uso de drogas. Dentre as estratégias de superação das barreiras de acesso estão a necessidade de qualificação de dados públicos sobre a PSR, alinhamentos institucionais sobre acesso da PSR ao SUS, ações de educação permanente para desmistificar mitos e preconceitos, elaboração de fluxos que considerem os modos de vida da PSR, atuação extramuros da atenção primária para vinculação da PSR do território e estratégias de fortalecimento da PSR com participação no controle social. (PSR eCR (eCR Horizonte Tratase Trata qualitativo 1 discriminatórias SUS. SUS . (SUS) submetida violências drogas preconceitos (SUS

ABSTRACT The present study aimed at understanding the access barriers of homeless people (HP) in Belo Horizonte city to health services as well as to analyze the employed care strategies from the Belo Horizonte Consultório na Rua (eCR), street clinics’ team view. We report a qualitative study by means of semi structured interviews with 10 workers from two eCR. The investigated HP face protocol and symbolic discriminatory barriers that hamper and impede their rights of access to the health system, besides the Brazil Unified Health System (SUS) equity guidelines. These barriers are related to the social exclusion process to what the homeless people are submitted, marked by multiple and overlapping violences, restricted access to basic rights that are escalated when the use of drugs is reported. Among the strategies to overcome the access barriers are the need to qualify public data on HP, institutional dialogues on the HP access to the SUS, a more permanent education attitudes to demystify thoughts and prejudices, the need to elaborate different flows that take into account the HP’s ways of life, the need of outgoing primary care actions that promote inclusion of the Belo Horizonte HP, as well as strategies that strengthen them with active social participation. (HP eCR, eCR , (eCR) clinics view 1 system SUS (SUS guidelines submitted violences reported prejudices HPs s life participation (eCR

Abstract Introduction: Understanding the determinants of the demand for health care will contribute to a better organization of health services, and promote an improvement in the quality of service and health professionals’ performance. Objective: Understanding the determining factors in the demand for health care by patients of Family Health Unit (FHU) Novo Norte, particularly when choosing basic emergency service (ES) over primary health care (PHC). Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study, during February/2023, through the application of a questionnaire to patients enrolled at FHU Novo Norte with care at the basic ES/Arouca. After a descriptive analysis, the variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. Results: There was a predominance of female patients, with an average age of 47.52 years, and professionally active; a greater recurrence of ES during the week and in the morning; a predominance of patients who went to the ES on their initiative, with symptoms appearing in the last three days, and whose main reasons include self-perception of emergency and immediate hospital care. Despite the majority considered knowing the situations in which they should resort to acute consultation (AC), 21% of patients responded inadequately. It was found that 66% did not seek AC. Finally, 61.87% were exempt from moderating fees, which is statistically significantly related to the number of visits to the ES. Discussion: The FHU Novo Norte and the basic ES/Arouca are located in the same building, so the difficulty in accessing the PHC does not correspond to the only explanatory reason. A misinformed conception of PHC and the care provided remains. Conclusion: It is essential to educate and raise awareness of the population regarding the importance of primarily resorting to local care, and the appropriate use of ES.

Resumo Introdução: A compreensão dos determinantes na procura de cuidados de saúde irá contribuir para uma melhor organização dos serviços de saúde, promovendo uma melhoria na qualidade de atuação dos serviços e dos profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: Perceber quais os fatores determinantes na procura de cuidados de saúde por utentes da Unidade de Saúde Familiar (USF) Novo Norte, na escolha do Serviço de Urgência Básica (SUB) em detrimento dos cuidados de saúde primários (CSP). Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e exploratório, durante o mês de fevereiro/2023, através da aplicação de um questionário aos utentes inscritos na USF Novo Norte com atendimento no SUB/Arouca. Após análise descritiva, as variáveis foram comparadas utilizando o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: Verificou-se um predomínio de utentes do género feminino, com média de idades 47,52 anos e profissionalmente ativos; uma maior recorrência ao SUB durante a semana e de manhã; um predomínio de utentes que se dirigiram ao SUB por iniciativa própria, com sintomas a surgir nos últimos três dias e cujos principais motivos incluem a autoperceção de urgência e o atendimento hospitalar imediato. Apesar de a maioria considerar saber as situações nas quais deve recorrer à consulta aberta (CA), 21% dos utentes responderam inadequadamente e 66% não procuraram CA. Por fim, 61,87% estavam isentos de taxas moderadoras, o que se relaciona de forma estatisticamente significativa com o número de idas ao SUB. Discussão: A USF Novo Norte e o SUB/Arouca localizam-se no mesmo edifício, pelo que a dificuldade no acesso aos CSP não corresponde ao único motivo explicativo. Mantém-se uma conceção desinformada acerca dos CSP e dos cuidados prestados. Conclusão: É essencial a educação e consciencialização da população para a importância de recorrer primariamente aos cuidados de proximidade e na sensibilização para a utilização adequada dos SU.

Universities have historically had ableist leanings that exclude people with disabilities. Yet, people with disabilities have a right to attend institutions of higher education, as does everyone else. What is called for is that institutions transform towards disability inclusion. The purpose of this article is to use the case study of research conducted at University of Cape Town (UCT) to suggest strategies for disability inclusion in institutions of higher education. The research question was: What does research carried out at UCT on disability inclusion related to staff, students, and curriculum tell us about strategies that have been used to achieve inclusion, the effectiveness of these strategies and what recommendations can be made for increasing the level of disability inclusion and equity at UCT? A scoping review of the literature on disability inclusion at UCT was conducted. Selected literature was thematically analysed based on the research question and aligned to the strategic goals of UCT. Four emergent themes are presented: including disability in the decolonial discourse, collaborating to enhance disability inclusion, enhancing disability inclusive social responsiveness, and other strategies to enhance systemic change towards disability inclusion. UCT has made significant strides to include students with disabilities, yet there is much still to be achieved. Disability inclusion in institutions of higher learning is not only about ensuring accessibility, but is also about addressing how disability is understood and how it is included in the curriculum.

Resumen: Este comentario explora los desafíos éticos y bioéticos asociados con la gestión responsable de datos de investigación en Chile, en el contexto de la implementación de regulaciones europeas como el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (GDPR) y los principios FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability). Se comentan los esfuerzos de instituciones chilenas y regionales, como La Referencia, CLACSO y UNESCO, en la promoción de prácticas de gestión de datos que se alinean con los criterios europeos, y se explicitan recomendaciones para integrar de mejor forma la gestión responsable de los datos en el contexto de la investigación.