Résumé Ce commentaire critique la reproduction de la croyance erronée selon laquelle l’économie mainstream est identique à l’économie néoclassique et celle-ci, à son tour, est identique à l’économie (néo)libérale. Le rejet de ces égalités complique les relations entre l’économie mainstream, orthodoxe et hétérodoxe. Le commentaire soutient également que le cas du Brésil diffère de celui des États-Unis, car plusieurs idées économiques marginalisées aux États-Unis jouissent de prestige et d’influence dans le milieu académique brésilien, ce qui rend le concept même d’économie mainstream plus ambigu. Tout cela implique plusieurs divergences par rapport à l’article récent de Francisco Marques (2024). D’autres différences sont soulignées en ce qui concerne l’utilisation des mathématiques, de la statistique et de l’économétrie, ainsi que l’interdisciplinarité. Le résultat est une vision plus complexe de l’académie économique aux États-Unis et surtout au Brésil. Le commentaire identifie également et corrige les principales distorsions dans la traduction que Marques fait d’un passage relativement long de Dequech (2018). léconomie l économie celleci, celleci celle ci, ci celle-ci tour néolibérale. néolibérale néo libérale. libérale (néo)libérale hétérodoxe ÉtatsUnis, ÉtatsUnis États Unis, Unis dinfluence d influence brésilien déconomie ambigu larticle article 2024. 2024 . (2024) Dautres D autres lutilisation utilisation mathématiques léconométrie, léconométrie économétrie, économétrie l’économétrie linterdisciplinarité. linterdisciplinarité interdisciplinarité. interdisciplinarité l’interdisciplinarité lacadémie académie dun un 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Abstract This comment criticizes the reproduction of the mistaken belief that mainstream economics is equal to neoclassical economics and that the latter, in turn, is equal to (neo)liberal economics. The rejection of those equalities turns the relations among mainstream, orthodox and heterodox economics more difficult. The comment also claims that the Brazilian case is different from the American one, since several economic ideas marginalized in the United States have both prestige and influence in the Brazilian academy, which makes the concept of mainstream economics itself more ambiguous. All that implies many divergences regarding the recent article by Francisco Marques (2024). Other differences are pointed out regarding the use of math, statistics and econometry, as well as interdisciplinarity. The result is a more complex view of the economics academy in the United States and mainly in Brazil. The comment also identifies and corrects the main distortions in the translation that Marques made of a relatively long excerpt of Dequech (2018). latter turn neoliberal neo liberal difficult one ambiguous 2024. 2024 . (2024) math econometry interdisciplinarity Brazil 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Resumen Este comentario critica la reproducción de la creencia errónea de que la economía mainstream es igual a la economía neoclásica y que la economía neoclásica es igual a la economía (neo)liberal. El rechazo de estas igualdades complica las relaciones entre la economía mainstream, ortodoxa y heterodoxa. El comentario también argumenta que el caso de Brasil es diferente al de EE.UU., ya que varias ideas económicas marginadas en EE.UU. tienen prestigio e influencia en el mundo académico brasileño, lo que hace que el propio concepto de economía mainstream sea más ambiguo. Todo ello implica varias divergencias con respecto al reciente artículo de Francisco Marques (2024). Otras diferencias son señaladas acerca del uso de las matemáticas, la estadística y la econometría, así como de la interdisciplinaridad. El resultado es una visión más compleja del mundo académico económico en Estados Unidos y, sobre todo, en Brasil. El comentario también identifica y corrige las principales distorsiones en la traducción de Marques de un extracto relativamente largo de Dequech (2018). neoliberal. neoliberal neo liberal. liberal (neo)liberal heterodoxa EEUU EE UU EE.UU brasileño ambiguo 2024. 2024 . (2024) matemáticas econometría interdisciplinaridad todo 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Resumo Este comentário critica a reprodução da crença equivocada de que a economia mainstream é igual à economia neoclássica e de que esta, por sua vez, é igual à economia (neo)liberal. A rejeição dessas igualdades complica as relações entre economia mainstream, ortodoxa e heterodoxa. O comentário argumenta também que o caso do Brasil é diferente do americano, pois várias ideias econômicas que são marginalizadas nos Estados Unidos têm prestígio e influência na academia brasileira, o que torna o próprio conceito de economia mainstream mais ambíguo. Tudo isso implica várias divergências em relação ao artigo recente de Francisco Marques (2024). Outras diferenças são apontadas no que se refere ao uso de matemática, estatística e econometria e à interdisciplinaridade. O resultado é uma visão mais complexa da academia de economia nos Estados Unidos e sobretudo no Brasil. O comentário também identifica e corrige as principais distorções na tradução que Marques faz de um trecho relativamente longo de Dequech (2018). esta vez neoliberal. neoliberal neo liberal. liberal (neo)liberal heterodoxa americano brasileira ambíguo 2024. 2024 . (2024) matemática interdisciplinaridade 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

The present study analyzed the chemical composition and phytotoxic activity of Artemisia lancea essential oil (EO). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results showed the presence of 55 compounds, representing 82.36% of the entire EO, with eucalyptol (18.7%) being the most abundant constituent. Phytotoxic bioassay results indicated that the EO (concentration ranging from 0.25-5 mg mL−1) inhibited the growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and Setaria viridis. Root length of A. retroflexus and S. viridis were reduced with the increasing concentration of the EO, especially when the EO was applied at 1-5 mg mL−1. When treated with 1-5 mg mL−1 EO, shoot length of A. retroflexus and S. viridis were also significantly suppressed. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for inhibiting root and shoot growth of A. retroflexus by the EO were 0.284 and 0.246 mg mL−1; for S. viridis, the EO showed IC50 values of 0.44 and 0.262 mg mL−1 for root and shoot inhibition, respectively. The most promising findings were observed when A. lancea EO concentration reached 1 mg mL−1 and higher, which completely inhibited seed germination of A. retroflexus and S. viridis. These findings suggest A. lancea EO has potential as an eco-friendly bioherbicide for agricultural weed control. EO. . (EO) chromatographymass chromatography mass GCMS GC MS (GC-MS 5 compounds 8236 82 36 82.36 18.7% 187 18 7 (18.7% constituent 0.255 0255 0.25 0 25 0.25- mL1 mL A S 15 1- mL− suppressed IC (IC50 0284 284 0.28 0246 246 0.24 IC5 044 44 0.4 0262 262 0.26 inhibition respectively higher ecofriendly eco friendly control (EO 823 8 3 82.3 18.7 (18.7 255 025 0.2 2 (IC5 028 28 024 24 04 4 0. 026 26 82. 18. (18. 02 (IC (18 (1 (

Résumé Cet article analyse les conséquences politiques des mouvements sociaux en Argentine, à partir de la demande et de l’implémentation de deux lois : la Loi Micaela, qui impose une formation obligatoire sur les questions de genre pour les agents de l’État ; et la Loi sur les Quartiers Populaires, qui oblige l’État à urbaniser les quartiers pauvres du pays. L’approche adoptée est qualitative, reposant sur des techniques de recherche telles que l’analyse de la documentation officielle, les entretiens approfondis et les consultations auprès d’informateurs clés. Les données recueillies montrent que ces deux lois ont eu un impact significatif tant en termes de nombre de personnes touchées que sur les innovations institutionnelles induites par l’État. Les conclusions de cette étude permettent de comprendre l’action des mouvements sociaux en Argentine à travers la perspective des ‘consequences politiques’, un domaine largement exploré dans les milieux académiques aux États-Unis et au Brésil, mais peu étudié pour le cas argentin. limplémentation l implémentation Micaela lÉtat État Populaires pays Lapproche L approche qualitative lanalyse officielle dinformateurs d informateurs clés lÉtat. État. laction action consequences politiques, , politiques’ ÉtatsUnis États Unis Brésil argentin

Resumo Este artigo analisa as consequências políticas dos movimentos sociais na Argentina, com base na demanda e na implementação de duas leis: a Lei Micaela, que exige treinamento obrigatório em questões de gênero para agentes do Estado; e a Lei dos Bairros Populares, que obriga o Estado a urbanizar os bairros pobres do país. A abordagem é qualitativa, baseada em técnicas de pesquisa como a análise de documentação oficial, entrevistas aprofundadas e consultas a informantes-chave. As evidências coletadas mostram que ambas as leis tiveram um impacto significativo no que diz respeito ao número de pessoas atingidas e às inovações institucionais geradas no Estado. As conclusões deste artigo nos permitem entender as ações dos movimentos sociais na Argentina a partir da literatura de ‘consequências políticas’, amplamente utilizada na academia nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil, mas praticamente inexplorada no caso argentino. Micaela Populares país qualitativa oficial informanteschave. informanteschave informantes chave. chave informantes-chave políticas, , políticas’ Brasil argentino

Resumen El presente artículo analiza las consecuencias políticas de los movimientos sociales de la Argentina, a partir de la demanda e implementación de dos leyes: la Ley Micaela, de formación obligatoria en temáticas de género para agentes estatales; y la Ley de Barrios Populares, que obliga al Estado a urbanizar a las barriadas pobres del país. Se parte de un abordaje cualitativo, basado en técnicas de investigación como el análisis de documentación oficial, las entrevistas en profundidad y las consultas con informantes clave. La evidencia recopilada muestra que ambas leyes tuvieron un significativo impacto tanto en cuanto a la cantidad de personas alcanzadas, como en las innovaciones institucionales generadas en el Estado. Las conclusiones de este trabajo permiten comprender el accionar de los movimientos sociales de Argentina desde la literatura de las ‘consecuencias políticas’, ampliamente utilizada en la academia de los Estados Unidos y del Brasil, pero casi inexplorada para el caso argentino. Micaela estatales Populares país cualitativo oficial clave alcanzadas políticas, , políticas’ Brasil argentino

Abstract This paper analyzes the political consequences of social movements in Argentina, based on the demand for -and the implementation of- two laws: the Micaela Law, which requires mandatory training in gender issues for state agents, and the Law of Popular Slums, which requires the State to urbanize the country’s slums. It follows a qualitative approach, based on research techniques such as the analysis of official documentation, in-depth interviews and consultations with key informants. The evidence gathered shows that both laws had a significant impact both in terms of the number of people reached as well as of the institutional innovations generated in the State. The conclusions of this paper allow us to understand the actions of social movements in Argentina according to the ‘political consequences’ literature, widely used in the academy, both in the United States and in Brazil, but almost unexplored in Argentina. agents Slums countrys country s slums approach documentation indepth depth informants literature academy Brazil

ABSTRACT Although faba-bean (Vicia faba L.) is not a major crop in China, many farmers like to cultivate faba-bean in autumn as a fresh food or animal feed for next spring. However, no herbicides are available to control weeds in the faba-bean fields. Although prosulfocarb is a candidate herbicide, some farmers have reported that prosulfocarb can often cause harm to faba-bean. Our laboratory experiment results revealed that Tongcanxian No. 6, a faba-bean cultivar with large seeds, showed the lowest level of growth inhibition and Qidou No. 2, a faba-bean cultivar with small seeds, showed the highest level of growth inhibition when treated with 3960 and 7920 g ai ha-1 prosulfocarb. The growth inhibition rate of faba-bean was 0% when 3960 and 7920 g ai ha-1 prosulfocarb was sprayed within 6 d after sowing, indicating that prosulfocarb treatment should be applied as soon as possible after sowing. When the temperature exceeded 20 °C and soil moisture content exceeded 20%, it might have aggravated the phytotoxicity of ‘Tongcanxian No. 6’ and ‘Qidou No. 2’ caused by prosulfocarb. Two round of field experiments showed visually that the control effect of 3960 g ai ha-1 prosulfocarb on the total weeds exceeded 90% and safe to faba-bean at the same time. This study indicated that prosulfocarb can be safely used in faba-bean fields by improving agronomic methods, which can also provide a reference for weed management in faba-bean fields worldwide.

RESUMEN El objetivo general fue analizar el mecanismo a través del cual la academia puede contribuir al logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en Paraguay. Ante la necesidad de visibilizar esta contribución por parte de la academia, se remarca el propósito del estudio, intercambiar experiencias de cómo puede la academia colaborar al logro de los ODS, la importancia de difundir informaciones relacionadas a los ODS y, sobre todo, indagar el grado de conocimiento de los ODS de personas clave de organizaciones o instituciones de las distintas comunidades de la zona de influencia de la sede Central y las Filiales de la FCE-UNA. El estudio analítico-descriptivo, está basado esencialmente en un trabajo de campo, con relevamiento de datos definida como población objetivo a líderes comunitarios. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que la visión de los líderes sobre el rol de las universidades para el logro de los ODS en Paraguay, refieren a que su rol es fundamental para el logro de los ODS y también mencionan que su rol es ser nexo con la sociedad para el logro de los ODS. Se concluye que el mecanismo óptimo a través del cual la academia/universidad puede contribuir al logro de los ODS en Paraguay, seria preferentemente incluir el tema de los ODS en el currículo de las facultades y brindar cursos sobre los ODS; otro, además sería elaborar e implementar proyectos en línea de los ODS, al que se agregan, el asesorar a las instituciones responsables del cumplimiento de los ODS.

ABSTRACT The overarching objective was to examine the manner in which academic institutions can contribute to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Paraguay. In light of the necessity to make this contribution by academia visible, the objective of the study is to facilitate an exchange of experiences on how academia can collaborate to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the importance of disseminating information related to the SDGs, and, most importantly, to investigate the degree of knowledge of the SDGs among key individuals from organizations or institutions in various communities within the area of influence of the Central Headquarters and the Branches of FCE-UNA. The study is primarily analytical and descriptive in nature, with a particular focus on fieldwork and the collection of data from community leaders. The findings indicate that the leaders perceive the role of universities in achieving the SDGs in Paraguay to be of paramount importance. Furthermore, they assert that their role is to serve as a conduit between society and the achievement of the SDGs. It is thus concluded that the most effective mechanism through which academia/ universities can contribute to the achievement of the SDGs in Paraguay would be to integrate the topic of the SDGs into the curricula of the faculties and to offer courses on the SDGs. Additionally, another avenue for contribution would be the development and implementation of SDG-aligned projects, in collaboration with institutions responsible for achieving the SDGs

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze in depth the third edition of the Spanish Royal Academy’s Diccionario de la lengua castellana (1791). This is not another analysis of the work, since its findings break new ground. Amongst other things it points to the existence of at least one corrected reprint of the work hitherto unknown to members of the academic community; it also brings to light the separate publication of the first and only Supplement (1791), and in general terms underlines the novelties of the 1791 edition with respect to the previous editions of the dictionary.

Resumen: El propósito de este trabajo es analizar en profundidad la tercera edición del Diccionario de la lengua castellana (1791) de la Real Academia Española. No se trata de un análisis sin más, pues viene motivado por una serie de hallazgos que pueden considerarse innovadores, entre los cuales se encuentran, en primer lugar, la existencia de al menos una reimpresión retocada de la obra, desconocida hasta ahora por la comunidad investigadora; y, en segundo, la publicación exenta de un Suplemento (1791), por primera y única vez, con las novedades de esta edición con respecto a las anteriores del compendio académico.

Abstract Neoliberalism goes beyond a simple economic program or political ideology; it is a global civilizing project of a practical normative logic that defines the norms of life and social relations. But perhaps the greatest novelty offered by neoliberalism with respect to classical liberalism is the general principle of generalized competition that forces the rejection of cooperation as a basic principle of coexistence, equality and social development. This principle of generalized competition has been incorporated in all social organizations, including academia, as a reference of scientific knowledge. In the last 20 years, Higher Education Institutions have undergone a change of model under the protection of a deep economic and ethical crisis in Spain and the influence of globalization. In this sense, this paper focuses mainly on two issues: generalized competition and changes in higher education institutions in Spain. On the one hand, generalized competition has replaced cooperation as a basic principle in coexistence and social development and, on the other hand, higher education institutions in Spain have undergone changes that have increased inequality and the gender gap, leading to the consolidation of an elitist and patriarchal university.

Resumen El neoliberalismo va más allá de un simple programa económico o una ideología política, se trata de un proyecto civilizatorio global de una lógica normativa práctica que define las normas de vida y las relaciones sociales. Pero quizás, la mayor novedad que ofrece el neoliberalismo con respecto al liberalismo clásico es el principio general de la competencia generalizada que obliga a rechazar la cooperación como principio básico de la convivencia, la igualdad y el desarrollo social. Ese principio de la competencia generalizada se ha incorporado en todas las organizaciones sociales, incluida la Academia como referente del conocimiento científico. Y es que, en estos últimos 20 años, las Instituciones de Educación Superior, han sufrido un cambio de modelo al amparo de una profunda crisis económica y ética en España y la influencia de la globalización. En este sentido desde este trabajo se centran principalmente dos temas: la competencia generalizada y los cambios en las instituciones de educación superior en España. Por un lado, que la competencia generalizada ha reemplazado a la cooperación como principio básico en la convivencia y desarrollo social y, por otro, que las instituciones de educación superior en España han experimentado cambios que han incrementado la desigualdad y la brecha de género, llevando a la consolidación de una universidad elitista y patriarcal.

Abstract Jorge Suárez (1927-1985) was an Argentine linguist who devoted himself mainly to the study of indigenous American languages. After the first stage of his career in his country of origin, he settled in Mexico City in 1969, where he continued his academic career. From the perspective of linguistic historiography, this article aims to examine the first stage of his academic biography and his main contributions to the languages of Argentinean Patagonia (Mapuzungun, Aonekko ’a’ien, and Selk’nam), which included field surveys of lexical lists and texts, as well as analyses of genetic linguistics. We consider his role in the dissemination of North American structuralism in Argentina, his insertion in different national universities, his subsequent integration into CONICET, and his links in the American and Latin American spheres.

Resumen: Jorge Suárez (1927-1985) fue un lingüista argentino que se dedicó fundamentalmente al estudio de las lenguas indígenas americanas. Luego de realizar la primera etapa de su carrera en su país de origen, en 1969 se estableció en la Ciudad de México donde continuó su trayectoria académica. Desde la perspectiva de la historiografía lingüística, el presente artículo se propone examinar la primera etapa de su biografía académico-investigativa y sus principales aportes acerca de las lenguas de la Patagonia argentina (mapuzungun, aonekko ’a’ien y selk’nam), entre los que se destacan los relevamientos en terreno de listas léxicas y textos, como así también análisis de lingüística genética. Consideramos su rol en la difusión del estructuralismo norteamericano en Argentina, su inserción en distintas universidades nacionales, su posterior integración al CONICET y sus vínculos en el ámbito estadounidense e hispanoamericano.

In this article, we explore and theorise the experiences of seven SRC student leaders in one research intensive university in South Africa. We were interested in understanding / exploring / theorising the narratives of the student representative council on how they conceptualise, negotiate and navigate student leadership in a South African university. We adopted a qualitative case study and employed both semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion to generate our data. The findings from this research project revealed that the 1) SRC fundamentally believes that they are the only valid and legitimate voice for students in higher education. 2) They also revealed the emergent tensions / conflicts / frustrations between the SRC and the university, with the student leaders feeling that the university is deliberate in its effort at ensuring that students do not feel at home in the academy. And perhaps more troubling, the findings also revealed 3) that at times the SRC has become a heteronormative and patriarchal institution, were women student leaders are treated as the "black nannies" of student leadership. We end the article with some concluding thoughts on the complex and intersectional ways that the SRC socially constructs its role and function in the academy, as well as the need for a system wide overhauling in rethinking / reimagining / reconstructing student leadership beyond the colonising, patriarchal gaze.

Abstract: Computational psychiatry (CP), based on artificial intelligence technology, plays an increasingly important role in scientific research and medical diagnosis. Epistemic concerns in the ethics of artificial intelligence have also been at the center of debate in CP, but the different epistemic forms of injustice caused by the internal cultures of CP remain unexplained. We distinguish between data-driven and theory-driven cultures and their research purposes via practical examples of CP models deployed in addiction. A data-driven culture may advance medical understanding of biological categories of mental illness, whereas a theory-driven culture provides better explanatory mechanisms between symptoms and biology. We discuss testimonial injustice caused by the silencing of patient voices in a data-driven culture, and hermeneutic injustice caused by the non-sharing of hermeneutic resources in theory-driven culture based on Miranda Fricker’s account of epistemic injustice. We analyze the factors underlying nuances in epistemic forms between the two, such as naturalistic-dominated medical understanding and the system’s epistemic privileging. The above epistemic risks all indicate the intricacies of mental disorders and require that success be assessed in terms of actual benefit to patients. Finally, we emphasize the importance of the patient’s phenomenology and call for greater inclusion of patients in psychiatric decision-making processes.

Resumen: La psiquiatría computacional (PC), basada en la tecnología de la inteligencia artificial, desempeña un papel cada vez más importante en la investigación científica y el diagnóstico médico. Las preocupaciones epistémicas en la ética de la inteligencia artificial también han estado en el centro del debate en la PC, pero las diferentes formas epistémicas de injusticia causadas por las culturas internas de la PC siguen sin explicarse. Distinguimos entre las culturas basadas en los datos y las impulsadas por la teoría y sus propósitos de investigación mediante ejemplos prácticos de modelos de CP mostrados en la adicción. Una cultura impulsada por los datos puede hacer avanzar la comprensión médica de las categorías biológicas de las enfermedades mentales, mientras que una cultura impulsada por la teoría proporciona mejores mecanismos explicativos entre los síntomas y la biología. Basándonos en el relato de Miranda Fricker sobre la injusticia epistémica, discutimos la injusticia testimonial causada por el silenciamiento de los pacientes en una cultura centrada en los datos y la injusticia hermenéutica causada por el hecho de no compartir estos recursos en una cultura centrada en la teoría, Analizamos los factores que subyacen a los matices en las formas epistémicas entre ambas, como la comprensión médica dominada por el naturalismo y el privilegio epistémico del sistema. Todos los riesgos mencionados indican la complejidad de los trastornos mentales y exigen que el éxito se evalúe en términos de beneficio real para los pacientes. Por último, hacemos hincapié en la importancia de la fenomenología del paciente y pedimos una mayor inclusión de los pacientes en los procesos de toma de decisiones psiquiátricas.

Resumo: Psiquiatria computacional (PC), baseada na tecnologia da inteligência artificial, tem um papel crescentemente importante na pesquisa científica e no diagnóstico médico. Preocupações epistêmicas na ética da inteligência artificial tem também estado no centro das discussões da PC, mas as diferentes formas epistêmicas de injustiça causadas pelas culturas internas da PC permanecem inexplicáveis. Distinguimos entre culturas orientadas por dados e orientada por teorias e seus propósitos de pesquisa via exemplos práticos de modelos de PC empregados em dependências. Uma cultura orientada por dados pode avançar a compreensão médica de categorias biológicas de doença mental, enquanto uma cultura orientada por teorias fornece melhores mecanismos explicativos entre sintomas e biologia. Discutimos injustiça testemunhal causada pelo silenciamento de vozes de pacientes em uma cultura orientada por dados e injustiça hermenêutica causada pelo não compartilhamento de recursos hermenêuticos em cultura orientada por teorias, baseados no relato de Miranda Fricker sobre injustiça epistêmica. Analisamos os fatores subjacentes às nuances nas formas epistêmicas entre os dois, tais como a compreensão médica dominada pelo naturalismo e o privilégios epistêmicos do sistema. Todos os riscos epistêmicos citados anteriormente indicam as complexidades dos transtornos mentais e requerem que sucesso seja avaliado em termos de benefício real aos pacientes. Finalmente, enfatizamos a importância da fenomenologia do paciente e clamamos por maior inclusão de pacientes em processos de tomada de decisão psiquiátrica.

Abstract: The aim of the article is to evaluate and understand the feelings and attitudes of Brazilian physicians regarding the implementation of palliative care in pediatric patients. Between July 2018 and December 2019, 236 questionnaires were sent to physicians on the National Academy of Palliative Care roster. The data collected through the planned questionnaires were analyzed using the IRAMUTEQ programs (Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). From the analysis performed by IRAMUTEQ, a dendrogram containing words with p<0.05 was obtained. Feelings of sadness, anguish, relief, regret and fulfillment were perceived as relevant. Attitudes such as understanding, communication, instructing, treating well, strategy, and multiprofessional conferences were also described. Thus, it was observed that these professionals experience different contradictory feelings and make use of different strategies so that they do not harm the treatment carried out, in addition to maintaining a good relationship with the patient’s family. In the present study, we demonstrate that there are intrinsic characteristics of pediatric palliative care that are a source of mixed feelings for medical professionals. In this context, challenges still exist and it is essential to conduct new studies that address this issue. Paying attention to these feelings promotes better management of palliative care in pediatrics.

Resumen: El objetivo del artículo es evaluar y comprender los sentimientos y actitudes de los médicos brasileños en relación con la implementación de los cuidados paliativos en pacientes pediátricos. Entre julio de 2018 y diciembre de 2019, se enviaron 236 cuestionarios a los médicos de la lista de la Academia Nacional de Cuidados Paliativos. Los datos recogidos a través de los cuestionarios previstos se analizaron utilizando los programas IRAMUTEQ (Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). A partir del análisis realizado por el IRAMUTEQ, se obtuvo un dendrograma que contenía palabras con p<0,05. Sentimientos de tristeza, angustia, alivio, arrepentimiento y realización fueron percibidos como relevantes. También se describieron actitudes como comprensión, comunicación, instruir, tratar bien, estrategia y conferencias multiprofesionales. Así, se observó que estos profesionales experimentan diferentes sentimientos contradictorios y hacen uso de diferentes estrategias para que no perjudiquen el tratamiento realizado, además de mantener una buena relación con la familia del paciente. Demostramos que existen características intrínsecas de los cuidados paliativos pediátricos que son fuente de sentimientos encontrados para los profesionales médicos. En este contexto, aún existen desafíos y es esencial realizar nuevos estudios que aborden este tema. La atención a estos sentimientos promueve una mejor gestión de los cuidados paliativos en pediatría.

Resumo: O objetivo desse artigo é avaliar e compreender os sentimentos e atitudes de médicos brasileiros no que diz respeito à implementação de cuidados paliativas em pacientes pediátricos. Entre julho de 2018 e dezembro de 2019, foram enviados 236 questionários a médicos do rol da Academia Nacional de Cuidados Paliativos. Os dados coletados através dos questionários planejados foram analisados usando os programas IRAMUTEQ (Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). Da análise realizada pelo IRAMUTEQ, obteve-se um dendrograma contendo palavras com p<0.05. Sentimentos de tristeza, angústia, alívio, arrependimento e satisfação foram percebidos como relevantes. Atitudes como compreender, comunicar, educar, tratar bem, estratégia e conferências multiprofissionais também foram descritas. Assim, observou-se que esses profissionais experimentam sentimentos contraditórios diferentes e fazem uso de diferentes estratégias de forma a não prejudicar o tratamento realizado, além de manter uma boa relação com a família do paciente. No presente estudo, demonstramos que há características intrínsecas de cuidados paliativos pediátricos que são fonte de sentimentos contraditórios para profissionais médicos. Nesse contexto, ainda existem desafios e é essencial conduzir novos estudos que abordem essa questão. Prestar atenção a esses sentimentos promove melhor manejo de cuidados paliativos em pediatria.

Abstract Introduction CyberKnife (CK) radiosurgery is a treatment strategy for vestibular schwannoma (VS). Objectives To evaluate hearing preservation (HP) after CK for VS. Data Synthesis The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, and it was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, under number CRD42021250300). The inclusion criteria were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and study design (PICOTS) strategy: population – patients with VS; intervention – CK; Comparison – none; Outcome – serviceable HP defined by Gardner and Robertson as grades I or II, or by the American Academy of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery as classes A or B; timing – mean follow-up longer than 1 year; and study design – retrospective or prospective studies. The exclusion criteria were: studies not published in English; studies published before January 2000 and after October 2021; and studies only including patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 or submitted to a previous treatment. The PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and IBECS databases were used and last searched on October 27th, 2021. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. The appraisal checklist was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. A total of 222 studies were analyzed, and 13 were included in the synthesis, which represents 493 participants with serviceable hearing before intervention. The mean HP rate after CK using a random effects model was of 68% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 59–76%) at a mean follow-up of 42.96 months. Conclusion The longer follow-up period was associated with a lower HP rate after CK radiosurgery for VS in the qualitative synthesis. (CK . (VS) (HP MetaAnalyses Meta Analyses PRISMA (PRISMA statement PROSPERO, PROSPERO (PROSPERO CRD42021250300. CRD42021250300 CRD CRD42021250300) comparison outcome PICOTS (PICOTS none II B followup follow up year English 200 2021 PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE PubMed/MEDLINE EMBASE Science Library LILACS 27th th statistics 22 analyzed synthesis 49 68 95% 95 (95 95%CI 95CI CI [95%CI] 59–76% 5976 59 76 4296 42 96 42.9 months (VS CRD4202125030 20 202 4 6 9 (9 [95%CI 59–76 597 5 7 429 42. CRD420212503 ( 59–7 CRD42021250 59– CRD4202125 CRD420212 CRD42021 CRD4202 CRD420 CRD42 CRD4

Abstract Introduction: Organizational management models influence supervisory activity in nursing. Collaborative practice between students and health professionals in the provision of person- and family-centred care allows them to evolve in the process of autonomy and knowledge transfer. However, this does not guarantee the acquisition of supervisory practices and inter-organisational interaction between the hospital and the academy, which are necessary for carrying out safe and qualified clinical procedures. However, this does not guarantee efficient acquisition of supervisory practices and inter-organizational interaction between hospital and academia, which are necessary to provide safe and effective clinical procedures. Objectives: The aim is to understand the possible dimensions of inter-organisational collaborative practice (academic and hospital), identifying its possible processes and results capable of guaranteeing the safety and quality of clinical procedures. Methods: This study emerges from a first mixed research intervention with N=50 nurse supervisors, non-randomized, using the snowball technique. We will, nevertheless, focus on its qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, using the Focus Group technique in which seven nurse supervisors took part. By using Bardin's assumptions, we conducted the content analysis of the participants' speech. Results: The content analysis allowed us to recognise the Processes of Inter-Collaborative Supervision in Nursing as the main dimension of analysis. The results identify, on the one hand, potential threats, highlighted by the time dedicated to supervision and access to information in the hospital context and, on the other hand, opportunities for articulation, highlighted by the importance of involving the various actors in each context, both in planning training programmes and in using supervisory strategies. Conclusion: This study explores the collaborative processes of nursing supervision between academia and hospitals, highlighting common elements of care and education. It reveals the influence of both bureaucratic and anarchic models in shaping these relationships. The findings underscore the importance of inter-organizational coordination, which plays a critical role in effective health promotion practices.

Abstract Aim To assess the accuracy of ChatGPT in answering parents and caregivers’ questions about pediatric tonsillectomy, comparing its versions 3.5 and 4.0. Study Design Instrument validation study of ChatGPT in answering questions about pediatric tonsillectomy. Material & Methods We prompted ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4.0 with 21 questions. The answers were assessed in accordance with the latest American Academy of Otolaryngology’s guideline on Tonsillectomy in Children. The assessment of the responses generated by the two versions were compared using McNemar's test (exact version). Results Of the 21 ChatGPT-generated answers, 13 (61.9%) were deemed accurate using version 3.5, and 19 (90.5%) using version 4.0 (p=0.031). The inter-rater agreement was very good - Cohen’s Kappa=0.97 (v3.5) and 0.83 (v4.0). Conclusion ChatGPT version 3.5 should not be regarded as a sufficiently accurate tool for guiding caregivers on pediatric tonsillectomy-related questions. Version 4.0 seems to be a significantly more reliable tool.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar as respostas do ChatGPT a perguntas de pais e cuidadores acerca de amigdalectomia pediátrica, comparando as versões 3.5 e 4.0. Desenho do Estudo Estudo de validação do instrumento ChatGPT na resposta a perguntas sobre amigdalectomia pediátrica. Material e Métodos Foram colocadas 21 perguntas às versões 3.5 e 4.0 do ChatGPT. As respostas foram avaliadas de acordo com a mais recente guideline de amigdalectomia pediátrica da Academia Americana de Otorrinolaringologia. Compararam-se as avaliações das respostas geradas pelas duas versões utilizando o teste de McNemar (versão exata). Resultados Das 21 respostas, 13 (61.9%) foram consideradas corretas na versão 3.5, e 19 (90.5%) na 4.0 (p=0.031). A concordância inter-avaliador foi muito boa - Kappa Cohen=0.97 (v3.5) e 0.83 (v4.0). Conclusões A versão 3.5 do ChatGPT não deve ser considerada uma fonte fidedigna para esclarecimento dos cuidadores sobre amigdalectomia em idade pediátrica. A versão 4.0 parece ser uma ferramenta significativamente mais fiável.

Resumen La moderna Sociedad del Conocimiento percibe una innovadora característica basada en manejar los contenidos curriculares, potenciando el pensamiento lógico matemático por medio de plataformas y aplicaciones digitales. El objetivo del presente trabajo se centraliza en analizar estrategias didácticas aplicadas por docentes para potenciar las habilidades matemáticas en los estudiantes del nivel de Bachillerato General Unificado dentro de la Unidad Educativa “Eidan Abel Erique Cercado” del cantón San Vicente. El aspecto metodológico se basó en el enfoque mixto, empleando como instrumento primordial una prueba pedagógica que mide las destrezas del pensamiento numérico, así como los indicios de una entrevista semi estructurada y los aportes de docentes del área de matemáticas como participantes dentro de un grupo focal. Se comprobó la predisposición para un trabajo orientado bajo la plataforma Khan Academy, necesaria para beneficiar las habilidades del pensamiento numérico poco perfeccionadas en el estudiante. Finalmente, se denotaron aquellas estrategias empleadas por los docentes las cuales no afirman una estimulación consistente para potenciar las habilidades numéricas, demostradas bajo un nivel poco aceptable en el afianzamiento de la resolución de problemas con enfoque matemático en los estudiantes.

Abstract The modern knowledge society perceives an innovative characteristic based on managing curricular contents, promoting mathematical logical thinking through digital platforms and applications, the purpose of this work is focused on determining the existing perception with the use of the Khan Academy platform in the mathematical skills and how teachers focus didactic strategies to enhance mathematical skills in students of the Unified General Baccalaureate level within the "Eidan Abel Erique Cercado" Educational Unit of the San Vicente canton. The methodological aspect was based on the paradigm of the mixed approach, using as a primary instrument a pedagogical test that measures the skills of numerical thinking, as well as the indications of a semi-structured interview and the contributions of teachers in the area of mathematics as participants within a focus group. The predisposition for a work oriented under the Khan Academy platform, necessary to benefit the slightly improved numerical thinking skills in the student, was verified. Finally, those strategies used by teachers were denoted which do not affirm a perennial stimulation to enhance numerical skills, demonstrated under an unacceptable level in the consolidation of problem solving with a mathematical approach in students.