ABSTRACT Introduction: the postgraduate educational climate (CE) in the hospital environment can determine the way in which resident physicians (MRs) adapt to their new stage, during which professional burnout syndrome (PAS) is highly likely to occur at some point. Objective: to determine the relationship between the educational climate and professional burnout in physicians in the medical residency programs of the National Hospital 2023-2024. Methodology: cross-sectional observational study of a sample of MR convenience of both sexes from all medical specialties of the National Hospital between November 2023 and January 2024, MR with external rotation and/or vacations were excluded. Sample calculation; 136 MR. An online form from Google was sent to the MR email requesting voluntary participation. The SAP was measured with the standard Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) method with subscales; emotional exhaustion (EA), depersonalization (DESP), personal fulfillment (PR), with PAS with high scores of AE, DESP and low RP. The EC was assessed with the measure of the hospital postgraduate educational environment (PHEEM) with subscales; perception of role autonomy (PAR), perception of teaching (PE), perception of social support (PSS), the higher the score, the better the EC. Demographic and academic variables, MBI and PHEEM scores were collected, and the SAP was considered dependent, as the main result was the predictive relationship of the PHEEM on the SAP. Data were compared with χ², t-test or Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and linear regression (p-significant value =<0.05). Results: of 233 participants, the mean age was 28.75 (±2.20), 63.94 % (149) women, the general prevalence of PAS; 70.38 % (164/233), PAS in men 75 % (63/84) and women 67.78 % (101/149) p=0.0014, the first 2 years with the highest frequency of PAS; 65 (85.52 %), 59 (86.76 %) respectively p=0.0009, 63 (90 %) p=0.0071 surgical specialties. The subscales of the MBI, the AE; 79.82 % (186) with an average of 35.39 (± 11.61) points. The CE of MRs with SAP; 107.9 (19.6) dots and without PAS; 136.3 (12.1) dots 95 % CI 18.1-25.0 p= 0.0001. The PHEEM predicted the AE with R2=0.619, B= -0.18 (±0.009) p=0.001, and the DESP; R2= 0.385, B= -0.001(0.004) p=0.009, PSS being a significant predictor with inverse correlation in both. Conclusion: there is an inverse relationship between the educational climate and burnout syndrome in the population studied, with a high prevalence of burnout in male residents of surgical specialties, with the social support of the hospital educational environment being a significant predictor for the development of burnout syndrome.

RESUMEN Introducción: el clima educacional (CE) de posgrado en el ambiente hospitalario puede determinar la manera en como los médicos residentes (MR) se adaptan a su nueva etapa, durante el cual el sindrome agotamiento profesional (SAP) es altamente probable de producirse en algún momento. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el clima educacional y el agotamiento profesional en médicos de los programas de residencias médicas del Hospital Nacional 2023-2024. Metodología: estudio observacional transversal de una muestra por conveniencia de MR de ambos sexos de todas las especialidades médicas del Hospital Nacional entre noviembre 2023 y enero 2024, se excluyeron MR con rotación externa y/o vacaciones. Calculo muestral; 136 MR. Se envío un formulario en línea de Google al correo electrónico del MR solicitando la participación voluntaria. El SAP fue medido con el método estándar Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) con subescalas; agotamiento emocional (AE), despersonalización (DESP), realización personal (RP), existiendo SAP con puntuaciones altas de AE, DESP y bajas de RP. El CE fue valorado con la medida del entorno educativo de posgrado hospitalario (PHEEM) con subescalas; percepción autonomía de roles (PAR), percepción enseñanza (PE), percepción soporte social (PSS), a mayor puntaje mejor CE. Se recopiló variables demográficos, académicos, puntajes del MBI y PHEEM, el SAP fue considerado dependiente, como resultado principal la relación predictiva del PHEEM sobre el SAP. Se compararon datos con χ², prueba t o U de Mann-Whitney, ANOVA y regresión lineal (p-valor significativo =<0,05). Resultados: de 233 participantes, la edad media fue de 28,75 (± 2,20), el 63,94 % (149) mujeres, la prevalencia general del SAP; 70,38 % (164/233), SAP en hombres 75 % (63/84) y mujeres 67,78 % (101/149) p=0,0014, los 2 primeros años con mayor frecuencia de SAP; 65 (85,52 %), 59 (86,76 %) repectivamente p=0,0009, de especialidades quirúrgicas 63 (90 %) p=0,0071. Las subescalas del MBI el AE;79,82 % (186) con un promedio de 35,39 (± 11,61) puntos. El PHEEM de los MR con SAP; 107,9(( 19,6) puntos y sin SAP; 136,3(( 12,1) puntos IC 95 % 18,1-25,0 p= 0,0001. El PHEEM predijo el AE con R2=0,619, PPS; B= -0,18 (±0,009) p=0,001, y la DESP; R2= 0,385, PPS; B= -0,001 (±0,004) p=0,009 siendo PSS predictor significativo con correlación inversa en ambas. Conclusión: existe relación inversa entre el clima educativo y el sindrome de agotamiento profesional en la población estudiada, con alta prevalencia de este en residentes hombres de especialidades quirúrgicas, siendo el soporte social del ambiente educativo hospitalario un predictor significativo para el desarrollo del sindrome de agotamiento profesional.

RESUMEN El estudio se orienta a la búsqueda de la mejora continua en la preparación de los estudiantes de Pedagogía de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros. Su objetivo es fundamentar la modificación curricular de las asignaturas de la etapa de admisión y su integración con las de los primeros semestres de la carrera como estrategia para el fortalecimiento de la proficiencia de los estudiantes en inglés. Como resultado se favorece una transición fluida desde la etapa de nivelación hacia las materias especializadas. La integración estratégica de habilidades lingüísticas, contenidos académicos y competencias profesionales es la base de esta propuesta.

ABSTRACT The study is oriented to the search for continuous improvement in the preparation of students of Pedagogy of National and Foreign Languages. Its objective is to support the curricular modification of the subjects of the admission stage and their integration with those of the first semesters of the career as a strategy to strengthen the students' proficiency in English. As a result, a smooth transition from the leveling stage to the specialized subjects is favored. The strategic integration of language skills, academic content and professional competencies is the basis of this proposal.

RESUMEN El objetivo del trabajo es dar a conocer una aplicación móvil para el sistema operativo androide, con la oferta académica de las carreras pedagógicas del curso escolar 2024 que se estudian en la Universidad de Matanzas, que les sirve a los estudiantes de enseñanza media como orientación vocacional. Nos apoyamos en investigaciones realizadas por otros autores que sirvieron para fundamentar los aspectos tratados. Como métodos empíricos se emplearon las entrevistas, observaciones, encuestas y análisis documental. Como teóricos, el histórico y lógico, análisis y síntesis y enfoque de sistemas. Para constatar los resultados se seleccionó el método matemático: análisis porcentual.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to present a mobile application for the Android operating system, with the academic offer of the pedagogical careers of the 2024 school year studied at the University of Matanzas, which serves high school students as vocational orientation. We rely on research carried out by other authors that served to support the aspects dealt with. As empirical methods, interviews, observations, surveys and documentary analysis were used. As theoretical methods, the historical and logical, analysis and synthesis and systems approach were used. To verify the results, the mathematical method was selected: percentage analysis.

Resumen (Objetivo) La alfabetización genética se relaciona con el conocimiento y las habilidades que permiten utilizar los principios genéticos para resolver diversos problemas o asuntos relacionados con la genética. Es una habilidad imprescindible que los estudiantes deben dominar, ya que está relacionada con diversos temas de actualidad, especialmente en los campos del a salud y la agricultura. Sin embargo, no ha sido investigada apropiadamente desde diferentes puntos de vista, incluidos el nivel académico y el género. Por lo tanto, para llenar este vacío, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo medir la alfabetización genética de los alumnos de secundaria de Indonesia, en asocie con su nivel académico y género. (Metodología) Los datos fueron recolectados mediante un estudio observacional analítico transversal. Los participantes del estudio fueron 1102 estudiantes de 55 centros de enseñanza de secundaria de Indonesia. Ellos realizaron una prueba cuya validez y confiabilidad fueron evaluadas. Luego, la información se analizó mediante ANOVA y los niveles de alfabetización genética de los involucrados se clasificaron como adecuados o inadecuados. (Resultados). El trabajo mostró que la alfabetización genética de quienes se seleccionó era relativamente inadecuada. Si bien el nivel académico mostró una relación significativa con la alfabetización genética de los estudiantes, el género no. (Conclusiones) Los resultados de esta pesquisa indican que el nivel académico tiene un efecto significativo en el de alfabetización genética estudiantil, mientras que el género no. Los hallazgos respaldan la conclusión de que la alfabetización genética debe considerarse en la educación y que tanto los maestros como los centros educativos deben diseñar estrategias apropiadas para empoderar y aumentar dicha alfabetización de los alumnos en el entorno de la educación secundaria.

Resumo (Objetivo) A alfabetização genética referese ao conhecimento e às habilidades que permitem que os princípios genéticos sejam usados para resolver vários problemas ou questões relacionadas à genética. A alfabetização genética é uma competência esencial que os alunos devem dominar, pois está relacionada com diversos temas atuais, especialmente nas áreas da saúde e da agricultura. No entanto, a alfabetização genética não foi adequadamente investigada a partir de diferentes perspectivas, incluindo o nível académico e o gênero. Por tanto, para preencher esta lacuna, a presente pesquisa visa medir a alfabetização genética de estudantes indonésios do ensino médio em relação ao seu nível académico e gênero. (Metodologia) Os dados foram coletados por meio de estudo observacional analítico transversal. Os participantes da pesquisa foram 1.102 alunos de 55 escolas do ensino médio da Indonésia. Os participantes realizaram um teste cuja validade e confiabilidade foram avaliadas. Os dados foram então analisados por meio de ANOVA e os níveis de alfabetização genética dos participantes foram classificados como adequados ou inadequados. (Resultados) O estudo mostrou que a alfabetizaçã o genética dos alunos era relativamente inadequada. Embora o nível académico tenha mostrado uma reaçã o significativa com a alfabetização genética dos alunos, o gênero não o fez. (Conclusões) Os resultados deste estudo indicam que o nível académico tem um efeito significativo no nível de alfabetização genéticados alunos, enquanto o gênero não. Os resultados apoiam a conclusão de que a alfabetização genética deve ser considerada na educação e que os professores e as escolas devem conceber estratégias adequadas para capacitar e aumentar a alfabetização genética dos alunos no ensino médio.

Abstract (Objective) Genetic literacy relates to knowledge and skills in utilizing genetic principles for solving various problems or issues related to genetics. Genetic literacy is an essential ability for students to master, as it is related to various current issues, especially in the fields of health and agriculture. However, research on genetic literacy has not been properly developed from different perspectives, including those related to academic level and gender. Therefore, to fill this gap, the present research seeks to measure the genetic literacy of Indonesian high school students in relation to their academic level and gender. (Methodology) Data were collected using an analytic observational cross-sectional study. The research participants were 1102 students from 55 senior high schools in Indonesia. The participants took a test, which had been evaluated for validity and reliability. The data was then analyzed using ANOVA, and the participants’ genetic literacy levels were categorized as adequate or inadequate. (Results). The study showed that students’ genetic literacy was relatively inadequate. While academic level was significantly related to students’ genetic literacy, gender was not. (Conclusions) The results of this study indicate that the academic level has a significant effect on the level of students’ genetic literacy, while gender does not. The findings support the conclusion that genetic literacy needs to be considered in education, and that it is necessary that teachers and schools design appropriate strategies to empower and increase students’ genetic literacy in high school settings.

Abstract Background: Nurses need not only practical knowledge to apply Advanced Life Support (ALS) but also theoretical knowledge. Objectives: To assess nurses’ theoretical knowledge of ALS in the care of critically ill people and to examine the relationship between nurses’ theoretical knowledge of ALS in the care of critically ill people and their sociodemographic, academic, and professional variables. Methodology: A quantitative and descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 36 nurses selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Results: In the applied questionnaire, the nurses achieved a correct answer rate of 73.53%. Statistically significant differences were found between specialist nurses and their knowledge of emergency drug administration [amiodarone (t = 4.292; p = 0.038); and atropine (t = 4.912; p = 0.027)] and capnography monitoring (t = 4.788; p = 0.029). Conclusion: Nurses showed good levels of theoretical knowledge of ALS, and practical refresher training every 3 months is recommended.

Resumo Enquadramento: Os conhecimentos dos enfermeiros sobre suporte avançado de vida (SAV) implicam não só a aplicação de conhecimentos práticos, mas igualmente a mobilização dos conhecimentos teóricos. Objetivos: Avaliar o nível dos conhecimentos teóricos dos enfermeiros sobre SAV na prática de cuidados à pessoa em situação crítica (PSC) e relacionar o nível dos conhecimentos teóricos dos enfermeiros sobre SAV na prática de cuidados à PSC e as variáveis sociodemográficas, académicas e profissionais dos enfermeiros. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional, onde participaram 36 enfermeiros selecionados através de uma técnica de amostragem não probabilística por conveniência. Resultados: Os enfermeiros apresentaram uma percentagem de respostas corretas de 73,53% no questionário aplicado. Evidenciaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre ser enfermeiro especialista e o conhecimento sobre a administração de fármacos de emergência [amiodarona (t = 4,292; p = 0,038); e atropina (t = 4,912; p = 0,027)] e a monitorização com capnografia (t = 4,788; p = 0,029). Conclusão: Os enfermeiros revelaram bons níveis de conhecimentos teóricos sobre SAV, sugerindo-se uma atualização da formação prática a cada 3 meses.

Resumen Marco contextual: El conocimiento de los enfermeros sobre el soporte vital avanzado (SVA) implica no sólo la aplicación de conocimientos prácticos, sino también la movilización de conocimientos teóricos. Objetivos: Evaluar el nivel de conocimiento teórico de los enfermeros sobre los SVA en la práctica de la atención a personas en situación crítica (PSC) y relacionar el nivel de conocimiento teórico de los enfermeros sobre los SVA en la práctica de la atención a PSC con las variables sociodemográficas, académicas y profesionales de los enfermeros. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo-correlacional, en el que participaron 36 enfermeros seleccionados mediante una técnica no probabilística de muestreo por conveniencia. Resultados: Los enfermeros presentaron un 73,53% de respuestas correctas al cuestionario. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ser enfermero especialista y el conocimiento de la administración de fármacos de urgencia [amiodarona (t = 4,292; p = 0,038); y atropina (t = 4,912; p = 0,027)] y la monitorización capnográfica (t = 4,788; p = 0,029). Conclusión: Los enfermeros mostraron buenos niveles de conocimientos teóricos sobre el SVA y se sugiere que la formación práctica se actualice cada 3 meses.

SUMMARY: The purpose of this research was to understand how second-semester students of the Medicine and Surgery academic program at Universidad del Valle learn about the main ideas of Human Macroscopic Anatomy (HMA). As a methodological proposal, a case study was carried out. Students' knowledge and understanding of HMA was assessed. For this, the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) model was taken into account, which includes the motivations and interests for learning, as well as the student’ previous ideas. A participant observation of the theoretical and practical classes was carried out for 16 weeks, recording observations in a field diary, and obtaining audiovisual material. All the information was organized in an analytical index, creating codes for the analysis. The analysis, interpretation and representation of results were done using the ATLAS.ti 22 software. It was found that students learn the main ideas of HMA through a process that implies commitment to their academic training, where interests, motivations, prior knowledge and participation are involved. It is important that different study methods are used during this process, and that there is the support from the professor and the institution, who should favor the learning and immersion of the students into the academic world and university culture, through the design of proposals that integrate teaching, learning and assessment, and also take into account the social and cultural realities of their students.

RESUMEN: El propósito de esta investigación fue comprender cómo los estudiantes de segundo semestre del programa académico de Medicina y Cirugía de la Universidad del Valle aprenden sobre las ideas principales de la Anatomía Macroscópica Humana (AMH). Como propuesta metodológica se realizó un estudio de caso. Se evaluó el conocimiento y comprensión de los estudiantes sobre la AMH. Para ello se tomó en cuenta el modelo de Conocimiento Pedagógico del Contenido (CPC), que incluye las motivaciones e intereses por el aprendizaje, así como las ideas previas de los estudiantes. Se realizó una observación participante de las clases teóricas y prácticas durante 16 semanas, registrando las observaciones en un diario de campo y obteniendo material audiovisual. Toda la información se organizó en un índice analítico, creando códigos para el análisis. El análisis, interpretación y representación de los resultados se realizó mediante el software ATLAS.ti 22. Se encontró que los estudiantes aprenden las ideas principales de la AME a través de un proceso que implica compromiso con su formación académica, en donde se involucran intereses, motivaciones, conocimientos previos y participación. Es importante que durante este proceso se utilicen diferentes métodos de estudio, y que se cuente con el apoyo del docente y de la institución, quienes deben favorecer el aprendizaje y la inmersión de los estudiantes en el mundo académico y la cultura universitaria, mediante el diseño de propuestas que integren la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la evaluación, y que además tengan en cuenta las realidades sociales y culturales de sus estudiantes.

RESUMEN Este estudio pretende analizar la opinión y percepción de los agentes educativos portugueses sobre la integración de la educación socioemocional en las escuelas portuguesas. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a agentes educativos de diferentes niveles educativos, áreas científicas y regiones de Portugal. Aunque las últimas investigaciones indican que la educación socioemocional contribuye al éxito académico, a una mejor preparación para los retos de la vida, a la protección de la salud y a la creación de entornos de aprendizaje positivos, en Portugal, la educación socioemocional sigue desatendida. Según los participantes en el estudio, para integrar la educación socioemocional es necesario cambiar los planes de estudio, universalizar e invertir en el desarrollo de los conocimientos y el nivel socioemocional de los profesores, aumentar el apoyo social en la escuela, cambiar la organización escolar, y transformar el entorno en el que se debaten y deciden las políticas educativas.

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyse the opinion and perception of Portuguese educational agents on the integration of socio-emotional education in Portuguese schools. To this end, semi-structured interviews were carried out with educational agents from different levels of education, scientific areas and regions of Portugal. Although the latest research indicates that socio-emotional education contributes to academic success, better preparation for life's challenges, health protection and the creation of positive learning environments, socio-emotional education continues to be neglected in Portugal. According to the participants in the study, in order to integrate socio-emotional education it is necessary to change curricula, universalise and invest in the development of teachers' knowledge and socio-emotional level, increase social support at school, change the school organisation, and transform the environment in which education policies are discussed and decided.

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a opinião e perceção dos agentes educativos portugueses sobre a integração da educação socioemocional na escola portuguesa. Para tal, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a agentes educativos de diferentes níveis do ensino, áreas científicas e regiões de Portugal. Embora a investigação mais recente indique que a educação socioemocional contribui para o sucesso académico, para uma melhor preparação para os desafios da vida, para a proteção da saúde e para criação de ambientes de aprendizagem positivos, em Portugal, a educação socioemocional continua a ser negligenciada. Segundo os participantes no estudo, para a integração da educação socioemocional é necessário alterar os currículos, universalizar e investir no desenvolvimento do conhecimento e nível socioemocional dos docentes, aumentar o suporte social na escola, alterar a organização escolar e transformar o ambiente de discussão e decisão das políticas de educação.

At South African universities, the role of academic advisors is not easily defined and there is limited literature about the attributes and characteristics required of those who occupy advising positions in the country. This article proposes a model for identifying academic advisors for South African higher education contexts. The authors adopt a phenomenological approach to construct this model. Based on existing literature and data collected from advising interactions with students, the authors share and explain their model for identifying suitable candidates for academic advisor roles in South African higher education contexts. The model consists of seven dimensions: cultural quotient, data analytics, personal/ emotional support, psychosocial and socioeconomic support, scholarly activities and networking, skills formation and support, and teaching and learning. The authors conclude by emphasising the importance of academic advising for South Africa, before making recommendations for using the model to identify suitable candidates for advisor roles.

This article focuses on academic staff development in higher education in South Africa. It emphasises the importance of locating academics within the broader racialised contexts and history of the country. Recognising the complexities of social academic exclusion in relation to academics working across the sector in diverse universities, the article argues that academic staff development programmes which provide formulaic interventions are far less likely to have a long term impact on the individual and the sector. The social and academic legacies of racial segregation continue to permeate the professional experiences of marginalised academics, the support they receive for their career aspirations, and the recognition (without acknowledgement) of institutional and systemic barriers to their success (Breetzke and Hedding 2018; Khunou 2018; Hlengwa 2019). The literature is replete with references to humanising pedagogies for students yet is overwhelmingly silent on the impact on the academic or aspirant academic. For transformation initiatives to have an impact, there is clearly a need to humanise the participants in academic development processes. What this implies is a full appreciation of the fact that academics enter universities with histories and experiences that inflect their work is central to the success of the transformation project. Thie article is premised on social justice which informs an understanding of transformation as the empowerment of academics through academic staff development programmes. Predicated on Sen's "capability" approach, the article argues that academic development in the context of South Africa cannot afford to ignore the fractured history of the country.

This work aims to investigate the experiences of Black female undergraduate students at the University of São Paulo (USP) to understand the challenges, achievements, and coping mechanisms related to their integration and persistence in the university. It highlights how their experiences of exclusion and belonging are shaped by the intersection of race, gender, and class. Through interviews conducted with Black female undergraduate students at USP, I seek to understand the adversities these students face in the academic environment, how they navigate these challenges, and how these experiences intersect with other dimensions of their lives, subjectivities, and identities. On one hand, I explore how experiences of racial discrimination, sexism, and other forms of inequality are perceived in their trajectories. On the other hand, I reflect on how participation in identity-based collectives and student organizations influences the construction of the identity and subjectivity of Black women at the university. Additionally, I examine the emotional impact of marginalization and how support networks and representation contribute to the resilience and retention of these students, elucidating the dynamics that influence their academic and personal lives.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as experiências de alunas de graduação negras da Universidade de São Paulo, a fim de compreender os desafios, conquistas e mecanismos de enfrentamento relacionados à sua inserção e permanência na universidade, destacando como suas experiências de exclusão e pertencimento são moldadas pela interseção de raça, gênero e classe. Através de entrevistas realizadas com alunas negras de graduação da USP, procuro entender por quais adversidades as estudantes negras passam no ambiente acadêmico, os modos pelos quais lidam com essas experiências e como elas se articulam com as outras dimensões de suas vidas, com as suas subjetividades e identidades. Exploro, por um lado, como as vivências de discriminação racial, machismo e outras formas de desigualdade são percebidos em suas trajetórias e, por outro, reflito em que medida participação em coletivos identitários e organizações estudantis afetam a construção da identidade e subjetividade das mulheres negras na universidade. Além disso, examino o impacto emocional da marginalização e como as redes de apoio e a representatividade contribuem para a resistência e permanência dessas estudantes, elucidando as dinâmicas que influenciam suas vidas acadêmicas e pessoais.

BACKGROUND: Academic exclusion is practised in many national and international higher education institutions (HEIs), significantly impacting students' futures. Associated stress and anxiety remain a source of conflict between all role players. Reasons for, and the rationale behind, academic exclusion are complex and multifactorial OBJECTIVES: To investigate and describe contemporary practices and core themes relating to academic exclusion by reviewing the academic policies and procedures in a sample of six South African HEIs within a health professions education context METHODS: A prospective, pragmatic design was followed. This involved simple content analysis of source documents to identify similarities and differences in approach to academic exclusion, including the rationale and potential implications thereof RESULTS: The rationale for exclusion remains multifactorial. The majority of institutions linked exclusion to continued poor performance and failure to complete qualifications within the maximum time. All institutions allowed for an appeal process; however, this differed significantly between institutions CONCLUSION: There is a clear, defendable rationale for the exclusion, and practices that seek to prevent students from continuing should be guided by policies and procedures that are clear and contextually relevant. While the right to appeal exclusion is supported, arbitrary support for such appeals in the absence of merit defeats the aims, objectives and rationale for exclusion

BACKGROUND: Limited research exists on medical students' coping and adjustment skills, especially in the South African context. Stakeholders planning medical curricula need to be aware of emotional and communication skills that allow students to cope and adjust to stress associated with transitioning to medical studies OBJECTIVE: To design a support framework to facilitate first-year undergraduate medical students' social learning and integration skills METHODS: This descriptive qualitative case study used multiple data collection methods, nominal group meetings and Delphi questionnaires to explore and understand undergraduate medical students' challenges with social learning and integration factors. These insights were then used to develop the support framework RESULTS: The support framework articulates levels of engagement and actions required to address social learning and integrated factors, namely under-preparedness, peer support, confidence, self-management, alienation and academic advice CONCLUSION: Implementing the proposed support framework on social learning and integration could facilitate the successful transition of first-year undergraduate medical students from high school to university. This framework aids students in dealing with social learning and integrated factors, such as under-preparedness, peer support, confidence, self-management and alienation as well as academic advice using contextualised and appropriate skills and tools

Abstract From a position as students, disciples, and collaborators of María Bertely, we reflect on her contributions to the gestation and development process of the project "Milpas Educativas: Socionatural Laboratories for good living". After specifying the locus of enunciation and the sources that support the analysis, the political and epistemological referents that are essential to understanding the essence of an educational project with a clear ethnopolitical and alter-globalization position are made explicit. These, in addition, allow us to appreciate the contributions of Bertely as coordinator and caretaker of the Intercultural Inductive Method and committed academic who felt mandated by the community educators of the Union of Teachers of the New Education for Mexico (UNEM) and the indigenous communities that appointed them. Subsequently, Bertely’s contributions to the gestation phase of the project are analyzed, emphasizing her efforts before the financing body and the resulting achievements. Next, we reflect on her contributions to the development process of Milpas Educativas, highlighting the political, epistemic, axiological, and pedagogical dimensions that characterized them. We conclude by presenting some of his most important legacies to Mexican and Latin American educational anthropology, emphasizing her political commitment to the indigenous cause.

Resumen Desde un posicionamiento en cuanto alumnos, discípulos y colaboradores de María Bertely, reflexionamos sobre sus aportes al proceso de gestación y desarrollo del proyecto “Milpas Educativas: Laboratorios Socionaturales vivos para el buen vivir”. Luego de precisar el locus de enunciación y las fuentes que sustentan el análisis, se explicitan los referentes políticos y epistemológicos que resultan fundamentales para comprender la esencia de un proyecto educativo con un claro posicionamiento etnopolítico y altermundista. Éstos, además, permiten valorar las contribuciones de Bertely como coordinadora y cuidadora del Método Inductivo Intercultural y académica comprometida y mandatada por los educadores comunitarios de la Unión de Maestros de la Nueva Educación para México (UNEM) y las comunidades indígenas que los nombraron. Posteriormente, se analizan sus aportes a la fase de gestación del proyecto, enfatizando en sus gestiones ante la instancia financiadora y en los logros resultantes. Enseguida, se reflexiona acerca de sus contribuciones en el proceso de desarrollo de Milpas Educativas, destacando las dimensiones políticas, epistémicas, axiológicas y pedagógicas que las caracterizaron. Se concluye presentando algunos de sus más importantes legados a la antropología educativa mexicana y latinoamericana, poniendo énfasis en su compromiso político con la causa indígena.

Hierdie sewe-jaar longitudinale opvoedingstudie evalueer drie akademiese afleweringsmodusse vir deeltydse MBA-studente in hul Bemarkingsbestuursmodule, naamlik vol kontak (20172019), vol aanlyn tydens COVID-19 se harde inperking (2020-2021 en die daaropvolgende gemengde modus (2022-2023). Die studie het ten doel om te bepaal of die afleweringsmodus studente se akademiese prestasie beduidend beïnvloed. Die eenrigting-variansie-analise (EVA) het beduidende verskille tussen die afleweringsmodusse vir individuele opdragte (normatiewe assessering) en groepgevallestudies (summatiewe assessering) geïdentifiseer. Daar was ook betekenisvolle verskille tussen die akademiese prestasie ten opsigte van die finale saamgestelde portefeulje van kennis (wat as eksamen dien). Hierdie portefeulje bestaan uit 'n prakties-toegepaste bemarkingsplan. Die post-hoc toetse het getoon dat studente aansienlik beter gevaar het tydens die gemengde afleweringsmodus in individuele opdragte, terwyl die volledige aanlyn modus laer punte vir die groepgevallestudies gehad het. Beide die gemengde en volledige kontakmodusse het beduidende opeenvolgende verbetering vir die groepgevallestudies getoon, wat in elke gevallestudie verbetering getoon het namate die semester gevorder het. Dit verskil van volledige aanlyn onderrig. Die gemengde modus het ook aansienlik beter gevaar in die eksamen- en finale modulepunte en het selfs beter gevaar as volkontakklasse.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly transformed the tertiary education landscape. Traditional contact universities were forced abruptly to adopt a full-distance education mode, a situation neither the students nor lecturers were prepared for. Many lectures and teaching activities were developed on the fly as universities struggled to roll out the needed support in double-time for lecturers and students. This new normal for education required integrating technology, advanced communication software, revised assessment techniques, and recognising the need for flexible and adaptable approaches to teaching and learning. Students also evolved and gained technological proficiency, adaptability, time management, soft skills, social media proficiency, and an awareness of health and well-being. Albeit uncertain in redefining the new normal, universities continue to provide quality education. However, exactly how university education should be delivered to a new breed of students in a new business environment is a challenge. This is even more so in the case of executive MBA students. After the hard lockdown and restrictions were lifted on 21 September 2020, the North-West University Business School started to explore other modes of academic content delivery. Reinstating a full contact delivery mode was not an option because of remaining restrictions. High technological investment, online-educated lecturers and students, and benefits and developments during online learning now form a new normal for the Business School. Which teaching method, or rather, which mode of delivery, is the most relevant and adequate? Should the MBA lectures return to the historic full-contact delivery mode, stick with the newly established full online mode, or attempt to integrate the benefits of both into a hybrid mode of delivering business education to a new breed of technology-savvy students? This study, therefore, examines the academic performance of the different delivery modes by comparing data of Executive MBA Marketing management students at the NWU Business School in South Africa. The study examines the academic performance of these students from 2017 up to 2023. The panel database consists of Executive MBA students'marks for the module in Marketing Management from 2017 up to 2023. The database contains marks for individual assignments, groupwork case studies, final individual- and groupwork marks, exam marks and the final module mark. The final assessment is a portfolio of evidence comprising a detailed marketing plan for a product, service, or organisation of choice. The mode of delivery served as the dependent variable, while the independent variables comprised the marks for each assignment (groupwork, individual and portfolio of evidence). Three delivery modes were compared, namely full-contact (2017-2019), full-online (2020-2021), and the post-pandemic hybrid mode currently in effect (2022-2023). The data comprised 630 cases. However, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) used 532 cases to compare the different groupwork assignments (230 full-contact students, 159 full-online students, and 143 hybrid students). Cronbach's alpha coefficient measured the data's reliability, and one-way ANOVA determined significant differences (p<.05) between the academic performance of the three delivery modes. The analysis confirmed that significant differences exist between the modes of delivery for individual assignments, group case studies and exams (p<.05). The Tukey ab post-hoc tests showed that students performed significantly better during the hybrid delivery mode in individual assignments (69.2%) than full contact (63.8%). Regarding the individual assignment, the full online (63.8%) and full contact (63.7%) delivery modes perform significantly worse than the hybrid (69.2%) delivery mode. Regarding the first group case study (Group Assignment 1), full online performs (67.3%) significantly worse than hybrid (71.1%) and full contact (73.6%) delivery modes. There is no significant difference between the hybrid and full contact delivery modes. In the second, third, and fourth group case studies (Group Assignments 2, 3 & 4), the hybrid delivery mode (82.37%, 75.4%, 82.7%) outperforms the full contact (75.4, 80.1%, 86.6%) and full-online (71.4%, 71.4%, 67.8%) modes. The hybrid delivery mode, therefore, proves to be more conducive towards academic performance in group work. Finally, in considering the final module mark, the hybrid delivery mode (71.0%) is significantly higher than the other two delivery modes. However, there is no significant difference between full online (67.5%) and full-contact (67.2%) delivery modes regarding the final module mark. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the better performance in the final module marks is a function of the groupwork where the students analysed case studies together. There are no significant differences in the exam marks between the delivery modes, so better academic performance in the hybrid mode of delivery where groupwork is concerned culminates in the better module mark. Based on the findings, it is evident that the hybrid mode of delivery results in the best academic performance. This observation is based on three reasons, namely 1) students performed better in both the normative and summative assessments during hybrid tuition; 2) there is continuous progressive learning throughout the semester regarding the group case studies (summative assessment). They learn to improve and hone their skills to analyse better and apply business solutions to real-life problems experienced by organisations. This is based on students' improving marks in the group case studies as they become more proficient in analysing and answering the applied case studies because they learn from each case study; and 3) the students perform better academically in their normative assessments and earn higher final module marks (partially due to reason 2). It is concluded that the hybrid delivery mode facilitates the academic performance of post-pandemic executive MBA Marketing management students. JEL KODES: I23, I21, M30

Abstract One of the demands of the academic community for the selection and accreditation processes of their members is to lead competitive research projects. Many young researchers face the challenge of being a “Principal Investigator” for the first time without prior experience or support. To this end, we believe that it is necessary to share experiences of presenting subsidized projects (also failures) among the academic community. The objective of this article is twofold: on the one hand, to consider the difficulty of structuring research projects to receive grants from the institutions and, on the other, to share and discuss strategies and complexities of the qualitative approach based on the project proposal made by the author. The referred project was presented in the 2021 call for "Proyectos de Generación de Conocimiento " of the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain. The proposal is based on the fact that the transition from modernity to post-modernity materialises in different dimensions and processes that are relevant to their study from the social sciences perspective. One of them is the management of imaginaries associated to motherhood as a representative institution of a particular geographical and historical context. Understanding the associated processes, representations and narratives on motherhood is one of the challenges concerning today's society as a whole, not just women and mothers. The general objective of this project is to delve into the narratives of women and mothers who break (or wish to break) with the practices and meanings associated with "traditional motherhood". Thus, we aim to explore the processes of change, continuity, and subversion in the motherhood management within the framework of advanced modern or post-modern societies.

Resumo Una de las exigencias de la comunidad académica para los procesos de selección y acreditación de profesorado es la de dirigir proyectos de investigación competitivos subvencionados. Muchos jóvenes investigadores se encuentran con el reto de ser Investigador Principal (en adelante: IP) por primera vez sin experiencia previa o soporte. Creemos que es necesario compartir experiencias de presentación de proyectos subvencionados (también de fracaso) entre la comunidad académica y, especialmente, entre los jóvenes investigadores que empiezan a presentar proyectos de equipo como IP’s. Observamos, para el caso que nos ocupa, ciertas complejidades añadidas en proyectos pensados mediante diseño cualitativo debido, entre otros factores, al grado de sistematización, previsión y concreción a seguir. El objetivo principal de este artículo es el de reflexionar sobre algunas dificultades de estructurar y justificar proyectos de investigación de corte cualitativo con el fin de recibir financiación en el campo de las ciencias sociales. Con la convicción de la necesidad de compartir experiencias entre la comunidad académica, aquí se utiliza el ejemplo de un proyecto de investigación presentado en la convocatoria 2021 de “Proyectos de Generación de Conocimiento” del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España. La temática del proyecto presentado refiere a la gestión de los imaginarios sobre la maternidad como institución social y política. La propuesta, de corte cualitativo, parte de la base que el tránsito de la modernidad a la posmodernidad se materializa en diferentes dimensiones y procesos asociados relevantes para el estudio desde las ciencias sociales. Una de ellas es la gestión de los imaginarios sobre la maternidad como institución representativa de un contexto geográfico e histórico determinado.