Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a percepção de professores universitários sobre os determinantes da adoção de tecnologias de mercado no currículo dos cursos de graduação em Ciências Contábeis da América Latina. Este estudo é baseado na Teoria Unificada de Aceitação e Uso de Tecnologia 2 (UTAUT2). Foi realizada uma survey com professores de cursos de graduação em contabilidade localizados em países que fazem parte da América Latina, resultando em uma amostra de 151 professores distribuídos em 16 países. Os dados foram analisados por meio de uma abordagem de métodos mistos, utilizando Modelagem de Equações Estruturais - Mínimos Quadrados Parciais e Análise Comparativa Qualitativa fuzzy-set. Os resultados mostram a influência simétrica do hábito, expectativa de desempenho e influência social na adoção de tecnologias de mercado, independentemente da idade, experiência acadêmica ou gênero. Além disso, várias combinações assimétricas de condições acarretam em uma alta adoção de tecnologias de mercado nos currículos de contabilidade, com a expectativa de desempenho presente em todas as combinações possíveis. Latina UTAUT2. UTAUT2 UTAUT . (UTAUT2) 15 1 mistos fuzzyset. fuzzyset fuzzy set. set fuzzy-set hábito idade gênero disso possíveis (UTAUT2 (UTAUT

Abstract The aim of this article is to analyze the perception of university professors regarding the determinants of adopting market technologies in the curriculums of undergraduate accounting courses in Latin America. This study is based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2). A survey was conducted with professors from undergraduate accounting courses located in the countries that make up Latin America, resulting in a sample of 151 professors distributed among 16 countries. The data was analyzed through a mixed-method approach using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The findings show the symmetrical influence of habit, performance expectancy, and social influence on the adoption of market technologies regardless of age, academic experience or gender. Furthermore, various asymmetrical combinations of conditions bring about a high adoption of market technologies in accounting curricula, with performance expectancy being present in all possible combinations. America UTAUT2. UTAUT2 UTAUT . (UTAUT2) 15 1 mixedmethod mixed method fuzzyset fuzzy set Analysis habit age gender Furthermore curricula (UTAUT2 (UTAUT

RESUMO: A estrutura do sistema radicular do cafeeiro Conilon tem sido aprimorada ao longo dos anos por meio de propagação e estudos genéticos e agronômicos em resposta às demandas por melhorias no desenvolvimento vegetal, na produção e na sobrevivência da espécie. Entende-se que a pesquisa científica desempenha um papel importante na geração de tecnologias e também na segurança das aplicações. Porém, há necessidade de refinar o código gerado para descobrir descobertas e tendências sobre o assunto. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliométrica e análise na base de dados Web of Science (WOS) sobre as principais contribuições de estudos, pesquisadores, organizações e países relevantes nas pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o enraizamento de Coffea canephora. Dados da base de dados WOS publicados entre 1982 e 2021 e sistematizados no software VOSviewer, mostraram um conjunto de 92 artigos, em que a maioria teve origem no Brasil e na França, tendo como principais grupos a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, a Universidade Federal de Viçosa e o CIRAD. O estudo está dividido em quatro áreas: diversidade genética, propagação assexuada, nematologia, tolerância ao estresse hídrico e micropropagação, porém, destaca-se que no contexto das mudanças climáticas e seu impacto na produção e longevidade da cafeicultura brasileira, podemos ver o surgimento de pesquisas focadas no sistema radicular, integrando-o em linhas que exploram e integram temas como risco climático, gestão hídrica, tolerância à seca e irrigação por gotejamento, incluindo reflexões sobre o desempenho da agronomia cafeeira. RESUMO vegetal espécie Entendese Entende se aplicações Porém assunto sentido (WOS pesquisadores canephora 198 202 VOSviewer 9 artigos França Agropecuária CIRAD áreas genética assexuada nematologia micropropagação porém destacase destaca brasileira integrandoo integrando climático hídrica gotejamento cafeeira 19 20 1 2

ABSTRACT: The structure of the root system of the conilon coffee tree has improved over the years through propagation, genetic, and agronomic studies in response to demands for improvements in plant development, production, and survival of the species. Scientific research plays an important role in generating technologies and the security of applications. However, there is a need to refine the content generated to analyze discoveries and trends on the subject. Therefore, the present study conduct a bibliometric review and analysis on the main contributions of relevant studies, researchers, organizations, and countries in academic research on the rooting of Coffea canephora in the Web of Science (WOS) database. Data from the WOS database published between 1982 and 2021 and systematized in the VOSviewer software showed a set of 92 articles, the majority of which originated in Brazil and France, with the main groups being the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, the Federal University of Viçosa, and CIRAD. The study was divided into five areas: genetic diversity, asexual propagation, nematology, tolerance to water stress, and micropropagation. However, in the context of climate changes and its impact on the production and longevity of Brazilian coffee farming, research focused on the root system has increased significantly, integrating it into lines that explore and integrate topics such as climate risk, water management, drought tolerance, and drip irrigation, including reflections on the performance of coffee agronomy. ABSTRACT propagation development species applications However subject Therefore researchers organizations (WOS 198 202 9 articles France Corporation Viçosa CIRAD areas diversity nematology stress micropropagation farming significantly risk management irrigation agronomy 19 20 1 2

Resumo: O avanço da tecnologia da informação tem levado ao aumento do uso da estatística como uma ferramenta de análise de dados em diversas áreas acadêmicas. A estatística tornouse um requisito essencial em qualquer programa de estudo, devido à variedade de aplicações na indústria e na investigação. Portanto, os programas educativos no ensino superior precisam formar graduados que possuam conhecimentos estatísticos teóricos e aplicados. Existem diferentes ferramentas tecnológicas estatísticas, cada uma com as suas próprias vantagens e desvantagens para análise de dados. Porém, neste trabalho o software estatístico Jamovi foi considerado por ser um recurso tecnológico versátil, gratuito e de código aberto. Com base no exposto, este artigo estuda o impacto da integração do software Jamovi no ensino de estatística na área de Engenharia Civil. A população do estudo foi de 40 estudantes do Mestrado em Planejamento Físico de Obras Civis da Universidade Estadual do Sul de Manabí, durante os meses de novembro a dezembro de 2023. A metodologia aplicada foi observacional analítica com design quantitativo, para esse fim técnicas estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais fo ram utilizadas. Os resultados mostraram um desempenho superior das pessoas que utilizaram o Jamovi em comparação aos que utilizaram o MS Excel. Isto foi corroborado por meio de análises descritivas e testes de hipóteses. De acordo com os resultados concluiuse que Jamovi facilitou o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de estatística na Engenharia Civil.

Resumen. El avance de la tecnología de la información ha llevado a un aumento en el empleo de la estadística como una herramienta para analizar datos en diversas áreas académicas. La estadística se ha convertido en un requisito primordial en cualquier programa de estudio, debido a la variedad de aplicaciones en la industria y la investigación. Por consiguiente, los programas educativos en la educación superior necesitan formar graduados que posean conocimientos estadísticos teóricos y aplicados. Existen diferentes herramientas tecnológicas esta dísticas, cada una con sus propias ventajas y desventajas para el análisis de datos. Sin embargo, en este trabajo se ha considerado el software estadístico Jamovi por ser un recurso tecnológico versátil, gratuito y de código abierto. A raíz de lo expuesto, este artículo estudia el impacto de la integración del software Jamovi en la enseñanza de la estadística en el área de la Ingeniería Civil. La población de estudio fue de 40 estudiantes de la Maestría en Planificación Física de Obras Civiles de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, durante los meses de noviembre a diciembre de 2023. La metodología aplicada fue observacional analítica con un diseño cuantitativo, para ello se emplearon técnicas estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Los resultados mostraron un rendimiento superior de las personas estudiantes que utilizaron Jamovi en comparación con quienes emplearon Excel. Esto se corroboró mediante análisis descriptivos y pruebas de hipótesis. De acuerdo con los resultados, se pudo concluir que Jamovi facilitó el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la estadística en la Ingeniería Civil.

Abstract: Advances in information technology have led to an increased use of statistics as a tool for analyzing data in various academic fields. Statistics has become a primary requirement in any curriculum because of its wide range of applications in the industry and for research purposes. Higher education programs therefore need to prepare graduates with both theoretical and applied statistical knowledge. There are several statistical technology tools for data analysis, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. This article examines Jamovi, a statistical software that is versatile, free and open source, and the impact of this tool on the teaching of statistics for civil engineering. The study involved 40 students of the Masters in Physical Planning of Civil Works of the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, and was carried out during the months of November to December 2023. The study applied an analytical observational methodology with a quantitative design, using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results showed a better performance of the students who used Jamovi com pared to those who used MS Excel. This was supported by descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing. The results led to the conclusion that Jamovi facilitated the teaching and learning process of statistics in civil engineering.

Resumo: Desde a década de 1960, uma série de pesquisas tem questionado a capacidade das escolas para igualar os níveis de aprendizagem entre alunos de diferentes origens sociais. Apesar da diversidade de programas e políticas que buscaram equalizar as diferenças, pesquisas em diversos contextos constataram repetidamente que as diferenças não apenas persistem, mas são reproduzidas nas escolas. Este artigo aborda o problema de uma perspectiva um pouco diferente: seu objetivo é identificar práticas e atitudes de estudantes e docentes associadas a diferenças no desempenho escolar entre estudantes de condição social e econômica mais baixa no Brasil e na Argentina. O objetivo não é entender os mecanismos que reproduzem as diferenças entre os estratos, mas sim aqueles que geram maior desempenho relativo entre os estudantes com menos recursos. Para isso, foi realizada uma análise comparativa dos resultados do teste PISA de 2018 por meio de modelos estatísticos multivariados. Essa análise mostrou que determinados fatores, como a empatia docente, a motivação e perseverança estudantil ou as modalidades de estudo, estão associados ao desempenho. Mas também mostrou que a magnitude da associação varia de acordo com o contexto. Esses resultados contribuem para a elaboração de políticas educacionais que buscam aumentar o desempenho em estratos desfavorecidos, indicando algumas condições que podem favorecê-lo, mas também alertando sobre as dificuldades de extrapolar resultados entre contextos de forma acrítica

Abstract: Since the 1960s, a vast array of studies has questioned the ability of schools to equalize learning levels among students from different social backgrounds. Despite various programs and policies aimed at reducing these disparities, research in diverse contexts has repeatedly found that not only do these differences persist, but they are also reproduced within the school system. This article approaches the issue from a slightly different perspective: its objective is to identify practices and attitudes of students and teachers that are associated with differences in school performance among students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds in Brazil and Argentina. The focus is not on understanding the mechanisms that perpetuate differences between social strata, but rather on identifying those that lead to higher relative achievements among students with fewer resources. A comparative analysis of the 2018 PISA test results was conducted using multivariate statistical models. This analysis revealed that certain factors, such as teacher empathy, student motivation and perseverance, and study methods, are associated with academic performance. However, it also showed that the strength of these associations varies depending on the context. These findings contribute to the design of educational policies aimed at improving performance in disadvantaged groups by highlighting conditions that may foster better outcomes, while also cautioning against uncritically extrapolating results across different contexts

Resumen: Desde la década de 1960 en adelante una extensa serie de estudios ha puesto en duda la capacidad de la escuela para igualar los niveles de aprendizaje entre estudiantes de distinto origen social. Pese a la diversidad de programas y políticas que han buscado igualar las diferencias, distintas investigaciones en diversos contextos han encontrado una y otra vez que las diferencias no solo persisten, sino que se reproducen en la escuela. En este artículo se aborda el problema desde una óptica ligeramente diferente: su objetivo es identificar prácticas y actitudes de estudiantes y docentes asociadas a las diferencias de desempeño escolar entre estudiantes de menor nivel económico social en Brasil y Argentina. No se busca comprender los mecanismos que reproducen las diferencias entre estratos, sino aquellos que generan mayores logros relativos en los estudiantes con menos recursos. Se realizó para ello un análisis comparativo de los resultados de las pruebas PISA del 2018 mediante modelos estadísticos multivariados. Este análisis mostró que ciertos factores, como la empatía docente, la motivación y perseverancia estudiantil o las modalidades de estudio se asocian al desempeño. Pero también evidenció que la magnitud de la asociación varía con el contexto. Estos resultados aportan al diseño de políticas educativas que procuren incrementar el desempeño en estratos desfavorecidos, al indicar algunas condiciones que pueden favorecerlo, pero advirtiendo también sobre las dificultades de extrapolar resultados entre contextos de manera acrítica

Resumen El certificado es una evidencia de participación en un proceso y se cree que cualquier persona que posea uno tiene un requisito previo para manejar todo aquello para lo que este califica. Sin embargo, la impresión podría fallar, si el certificado se hubiera obtenido tomando atajos. (Objetivo) En este documento se desarrolló un modelo compartimental para cuantificar los factores que podrían poner en duda la autenticidad de un certificado, mediante el examen de la compensación entre el estándar académico y las tasas de reprobación, en el contexto de las instituciones de educación terciaria en Nigeria. (Metodología) El modelo se demostró válido utilizando algunos amplios teoremas matemáticos. Se derivaron los equilibrios para dicho método y el umbral para un rendimiento académico aceptable. El análisis de estabilidad se llevó a cabo empleando la teoría de la estabilidad de ecuaciones diferenciales, basada en el umbral de rendimiento académico ace ptable obtenido. (Resultados) Los resultados teóricos del modelo fueron validados por medio de simulaciones numéricas y los de las simulaciones vincularon la tasa de reprobación aceptable con el rendimiento académico que cayó por debajo del umbral del estándar establecido por las instituciones. (Conclusiones) La implicación política del resultado es que el aumento en la oferta de graduados calificados en los mercados laborales de Nigeria, así como la reducción en la tasa de desempleo, son una función del mantenimie nto de los estándares académicos.

Resumo O certificado é uma prova de participação em um processo e acredita-se que quem o possui tem como pré-requisito realizar tudo para o qual o referido certific ado o qualifica. No entanto, a impressão poderia falhar se o certificado tivesse sido obtido através de atalhos. (Objetivo) Neste artigo, foi desenvolvido um modelo compartimental para quantificar fatores que poderiam pôr em dúvida a autenticidade de um certificado, examinando o compromisso entre o padrão académico e as taxas de reprovação no contexto de instituições terciárias referenciadas na Nigéria. (Metodologia) O modelo foi provado válido usando alguns teoremas matemáticos amplos. Os equilíbrios para o modelo e o limite para desempenho acadêmico aceitável foram derivados. A análise de estabilidade foi realizada utilizando a teoria da estabilidade de equações diferenciais com base no limite de desempenho acadêmico aceitável derivado. (Resultados) Os resultados teóricos do modelo foram validados por meio de simulações numéricas e os resultados das simulações relacionaram a taxa de reprovação aceitável com o desempenho acadêmico que ficou abaixo do limite do padrão estabelecido pelas instituições. (Conclusões) A implicação política do resultado é que o aumento da oferta de licenciados qualificados nos mercados de trabalho nigerianos, bem como a redução da taxa de desemprego, é uma função da manutenção dos padrões académicos.

Abstract A certificate is evidence of participating in a process, and anyone who holds a certificate is believed to have the prerequisites necessary to handle what the certificate qualifies them for. However, this perception might be incorrect if the certificate has been obtained by taking shortcuts. (Objective) In this paper, a compartmental model was developed to quantify factors that could put the authenticity of a certificate in doubt by examining the trade-off between academic standards and failure rates in the context of tertiary education institutions in Nigeria. (Methodology) The model was validated using several mathematical theorems. Equilibria for the model and the threshold for acceptable academic performance were derived. Stability analysis was carried out by using the stability theory of differential equations based on the derived acceptable academic performance threshold. (Results) The theoretical results for the model were validated through numerical simulations, and the results from the simulations linked acceptable failure rates to academic performance falling below the threshold of the institutions’ standards. (Conclusions) The policy implication of the result is that an increase in the supply of qualified graduates into Nigeria’s labor markets, as well as a reduction in the rate of unemployment, is a function of maintaining academic standards.

Resumo: O clima motivacional de sala aula (CMC pela sua sigla em espanhol) é um construto que permite estudar os padrões de atuação docente em sala de aula e sua relação com a motivação dos alunos. Com base na importância do CMC para os ambientes de ensino e aprendizagem, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com o objetivo de sintetizar as evidências dos estudos ibero-americanos no ensino médio e superior durante o período 1992-2023. Foram utilizadas as diretrizes metodológicas definidas na declaração PRISMA, o que permitiram selecionar 51 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados revelam uma prevalência de estudos quantitativos (90 %) no ensino médio (65 %). Nove instrumentos foram identificados para o estudo do CMC, sendo que o CMC-Q foi o instrumento mais utilizado. A análise dos estudos indica que existe uma variância explicada comum moderada entre o CMC e variáveis psicológicas pessoais de alunos e docentes, mas em relação ao desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes. As descobertas relatadas seguem a mesma direção das evidências disponíveis em outras regiões do mundo. Sugere-se avançar para uma compreensão multidimensional do CMC, a triangulação de participantes, técnicas e métodos, bem como estudos adicionais que integrem o CMC como medida de eficácia em intervenções educativas.

Resumen: El clima motivacional de clase (CMC) es un constructo que permite estudiar los patrones de actuación docente en el aula y su relación con la motivación del estudiantado. En base a la importancia que tiene el CMC para los entornos de enseñanza y aprendizaje se realizó una revisión sistemática con el objetivo de sintetizar la evidencia de estudios iberoamericanos en la educación media y superior durante el período 1992-2023. Se utilizaron las directrices metodológicas definidas en la declaración PRISMA, que permitieron seleccionar 51 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados revelan una prevalencia de estudios cuantitativos (90 %), en la enseñanza media (65 %). Fueron identificados nueve instrumentos para el estudio del CMC y se encontró que el CMC-Q fue el instrumento más utilizado. El análisis de los estudios señala que existe una varianza explicada común moderada entre el CMC y variables psicológicas personales de estudiantes y docentes, pero baja respecto al rendimiento académico estudiantil. Los hallazgos reportados van en la misma dirección que la evidencia disponible en otras regiones a nivel mundial. Se sugiere avanzar hacia una comprensión multidimensional del CMC, la triangulación de participantes, técnicas y métodos, así como estudios adicionales que integren al CMC como medida de la eficacia en las intervenciones educativas.

Abstract: The classroom motivational climate (CMC) is a construct that allows studying the patterns of teaching performance in the classroom and their relationship with student motivation. Based on the importance of CMC for teaching and learning environments, a systematic review was conducted with the aim of synthesizing the evidence from Ibero-American studies in secondary and higher education during the period 1992-2023. The methodological guidelines defined in the PRISMA statement were used, which allowed the selection of 51 articles that met the eligibility criteria. The results reveal a prevalence of quantitative studies (90 %) in secondary education (65 %). Nine instruments were identified for the CMC study and the CMC-Q was found to be the most commonly used instrument. The Analysis of the studies indicates that there is a moderate common explained variance between the CMC and personal psychological variables of students and teachers, but low with respect to student academic performance. The reported findings are in the same direction as the evidence available in other regions worldwide. It is suggested to move towards a multidimensional understanding of CMC, triangulation of participants, techniques and methods, as well as additional studies that integrate CMC as a measure of effectiveness in educational interventions.

Abstract Introduction: Metacognitive judgments have become an object of study in the field of metacognition in recent decades, since they analyze the beliefs that students have regarding their academic performance, to contribute to the adaptation of strategies for the improvement of the autonomy and judgment of learners. Objective: To identify the metacognitive judgments that are most frequently used in university students based on a systematic review between the years 2018 to 2023. Method: The methodology of this article was based on the PRISMA Statement and the search was conducted in the Science Direct, Scopus and Springer databases; use was made in the purification criteria, 61 articles were analyzed. Results: It was found that the metacognitive judgments that are applied most regularly concern pre-test and post-test judgments, while the judgments during the test are those that are used less regularly; likewise, those that present greater precision are those that are applied after the test. Discussion and conclusions: The results allow us to conclude that in order to obtain high calibration between metacognitive judgments and real academic results, different categories of metacognitive judgments must be involved, which contribute to the construction of a complex and complete system that provides the student with a variety of tools that can be optimally implemented in their learning processes.

Resumen Introducción: Los juicios metacognitivos han sido objeto de estudio en el campo de la metacognición en las últimas décadas, puesto que analizan las creencias que los estudiantes tienen sobre su desempeño académico, con el fin de contribuir a la adaptación de estrategias para mejorar la autonomía y el criterio de los aprendices. Objetivo: Identificar los juicios metacognitivos que se emplean con mayor frecuencia en estudiantes universitarios a partir de una revisión sistemática realizada entre los años 2018 y 2023. Método: La metodología se basó en la Declaración Prisma, y la búsqueda se llevó a cabo en las bases de datos de Science Direct, Scopus y Springer. Se aplicaron criterios de depuración y se analizaron 61 artículos. Resultados: Se encontró que los juicios metacognitivos que se aplican con mayor regularidad son los juicios predictivos y postdictivos, mientras que los juicios concurrentes son los menos utilizados. Además, se observó que los juicios postdictivos presentan una mayor precisión. Discusión y conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que, para lograr una alta calibración entre los juicios metacognitivos y los resultados académicos reales, es necesario considerar distintas categorías de juicios metacognitivos que contribuyan a la construcción de un sistema integral. Esto proporcionaría al estudiante una variedad de herramientas que pueda implementar de manera óptima en sus procesos de aprendizaje.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to assess the association between the levels of reading comprehension, well-being, motivation, and academic performance. A quantitative approach of descriptive and correlational scope is applied through a cross-sectional design that evaluates, from an expository-argumentative text, the reading comprehension of a sample of business engineering students from a traditional university located in South-Central Chile. The results show that literal comprehension is completely achieved by 77.55% of the students, as well as the inferential level. However, in the organizational, critical, and appreciative areas, none of the students achieve the desired maximum. A weak and significant correlation is observed between the mood of the participants and the literal and inferential domains. It is concluded that the appreciative level of reading could have an impact on student university academic performance.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la asociación entre los niveles de comprensión lectora, el bienestar, la motivación y el rendimiento académico. Se aplica un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo y correlacional, a través de un diseño de corte transversal que evalúa a partir de un texto expositivo-argumentativo la comprensión lectora de una muestra de estudiantes de ingeniería comercial de una universidad tradicional del centro sur de Chile. Los resultados muestran que la comprensión literal es completamente lograda por el 77.55% de los estudiantes, así como el nivel inferencial. No obstante, en los ámbitos organizacionales, crítico y apreciativo ninguno logra el máximo deseado. Se observa una correlación débil y significativa entre el estado de ánimo de los participantes y el dominio literal e inferencial. Se concluye que el nivel apreciativo de lectura podría tener incidencia en el rendimiento académico universitario de los estudiantes.

Abstract: The present study examines the teaching strategies used by physics professors while providing a guide for students through learning activities that develop thinking skills, knowledge, and attitudes to solve specialty-related problems. A didactic approach is applied to teaching competency-based general physics in engineering within a modular structure. A mixed methodology is employed, with qualitative methods for the case study interpreting professors' discourse regarding classroom pedagogical design and practice, and quantitative methods examining teaching practice and its impact on academic performance. As a result, three main categories are identified: 1) didactic strategies, 2) technological resources, 3) and learning monitoring. It is observed that the teaching model influences student dropout rates and academic success. In conclusion, there is a preference for traditional strategies over constructivist strategies, regardless of the professor's experience level.

Resumen: El presente estudio examina las estrategias de enseñanza utilizadas por los docentes de física y provee una guía al estudiante a través de actividades de aprendizaje que desarrollen habilidades de pensamiento, conocimientos y actitudes para resolver problemas de la especialidad. Se aplica un enfoque didáctico para enseñar por competencias en física general en ingeniería bajo estructura modular. Se utiliza una metodología mixta, cualitativa para el estudio de caso que interpreta el discurso de los docentes en relación con el diseño y la práctica pedagógica de aula y el cuantitativo que examina la práctica docente y su impacto en el rendimiento académico. Como resultado, se identifican tres categorías principales: 1) estrategias didácticas, 2) recursos tecnológicos, y 3) seguimiento del aprendizaje. Se observa que el modelo de enseñanza influye en la tasa de deserción y el éxito académico de los estudiantes. En conclusión, se evidencia una preferencia por estrategias tradicionales sobre las constructivistas, independientemente de la experiencia del docente.

Resumen: Esta investigación tiene por objeto adaptar y validar el instrumento denominado Perfil de Implementación del Proyecto (PIP) para la evaluación de proyectos realizados en Latinoamérica. Participaron 420 profesionales involucrados, ya sea como líderes o miembros de equipos, en proyectos culminados en el periodo 2020-2021. Como el instrumento fue elaborado en inglés se utilizó un procedimiento de traducción y re-traducción, en el cual participaron expertos profesionales y académicos en gestión de proyectos junto con traductores certificados, para su adaptación a la población hispanoparlante en Latinoamérica. Para el análisis factorial exploratorio se seleccionó el método de extracción de mínimos cuadrados no ponderados, obteniéndose cuatro factores críticos de éxito: Comunicación con el cliente, seguimiento y planeación, alta gerencia, y capacidades técnicas, con coeficientes Cronbach Alpha comprendidos entre .876 y .933. Posteriormente se aplicó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, el cual demostró que el instrumento posee validez convergente y discriminante y, en consecuencia, puede ser utilizado en la academia para futuras investigaciones sobre la gestión de proyectos, y en lo profesional para evaluar el desempeño de proyectos ecuatorianos, contemplando la limitación de que el porcentaje de participación de proyectos de otros países de Latinoamérica en la muestra de estudio fue del 22 %.

Abstract: This research aims to adapt and validate the Project Implementation Profile (PIP) instrument for evaluating projects carried out in Latin America. Four hundred twenty professionals participated as leaders or team members in projects completed in 2020-2021. As the instrument was developed in English, a translation and retranslation procedure was used, in which professional and academic experts in project management participated, along with certified translators, for its adaptation to the Spanish-speaking population in Latin America. For the exploratory factor analysis, the unweighted least squares extraction method was selected, obtaining four critical success factors: Communication with the client, monitoring and planning, senior management, and technical capabilities, with Cronbach Alpha coefficients between .876 and 933. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis was applied, demonstrating that the instrument has convergent and discriminant validity and, consequently, can be used in academia for future research on project management and professionally to evaluate the performance of Ecuadorian projects, considering the limitation that the percentage of participation of projects from other Latin American countries in the study sample was 22%.

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to assess the effect of a writing framework model for pedagogical reflection in a sample of elementary school teachers who took part in a lifelong learning program. To do so, a combined research design was carried out, implementing, on the one hand, inferential and multivariable statistical techniques to determine the tempering effect of feedback on the performance of written reflection and, on the other hand, content analysis of the teachers' written production to identify their development of pedagogical reflection. He results reveal that encouraging this reflection in teachers' writing allows them to develop a more in-depth assessment and analysis of their own practices, which is evidenced by the use of more detailed explanations and arguments and the precision of the terminological use of specific concepts.

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar el efecto de un modelo de andamiaje de la escritura para la reflexión pedagógica en un grupo de docentes de educación primaria que participaron en un programa de formación continua. Para ello se realizó un diseño de investigación mixto, aplicando, por una parte, técnicas estadísticas inferenciales y multivariables para determinar el efecto moderador de la retroalimentación en el desempeño de la reflexión escrita y, por otra, análisis de contenido de los textos del profesorado para identificar su desarrollo de reflexión pedagógica. Los resultados muestran que propiciar esta reflexión en la escritura del profesorado permite desarrollar con mayor profundidad la evaluación y el análisis de sus propias prácticas, lo que se evidencia en el uso de explicaciones y argumentaciones más elaboradas y la precisión del uso terminológico de determinados conceptos.

BACKGROUND: Academic exclusion is practised in many national and international higher education institutions (HEIs), significantly impacting students' futures. Associated stress and anxiety remain a source of conflict between all role players. Reasons for, and the rationale behind, academic exclusion are complex and multifactorial OBJECTIVES: To investigate and describe contemporary practices and core themes relating to academic exclusion by reviewing the academic policies and procedures in a sample of six South African HEIs within a health professions education context METHODS: A prospective, pragmatic design was followed. This involved simple content analysis of source documents to identify similarities and differences in approach to academic exclusion, including the rationale and potential implications thereof RESULTS: The rationale for exclusion remains multifactorial. The majority of institutions linked exclusion to continued poor performance and failure to complete qualifications within the maximum time. All institutions allowed for an appeal process; however, this differed significantly between institutions CONCLUSION: There is a clear, defendable rationale for the exclusion, and practices that seek to prevent students from continuing should be guided by policies and procedures that are clear and contextually relevant. While the right to appeal exclusion is supported, arbitrary support for such appeals in the absence of merit defeats the aims, objectives and rationale for exclusion

Hierdie sewe-jaar longitudinale opvoedingstudie evalueer drie akademiese afleweringsmodusse vir deeltydse MBA-studente in hul Bemarkingsbestuursmodule, naamlik vol kontak (20172019), vol aanlyn tydens COVID-19 se harde inperking (2020-2021 en die daaropvolgende gemengde modus (2022-2023). Die studie het ten doel om te bepaal of die afleweringsmodus studente se akademiese prestasie beduidend beïnvloed. Die eenrigting-variansie-analise (EVA) het beduidende verskille tussen die afleweringsmodusse vir individuele opdragte (normatiewe assessering) en groepgevallestudies (summatiewe assessering) geïdentifiseer. Daar was ook betekenisvolle verskille tussen die akademiese prestasie ten opsigte van die finale saamgestelde portefeulje van kennis (wat as eksamen dien). Hierdie portefeulje bestaan uit 'n prakties-toegepaste bemarkingsplan. Die post-hoc toetse het getoon dat studente aansienlik beter gevaar het tydens die gemengde afleweringsmodus in individuele opdragte, terwyl die volledige aanlyn modus laer punte vir die groepgevallestudies gehad het. Beide die gemengde en volledige kontakmodusse het beduidende opeenvolgende verbetering vir die groepgevallestudies getoon, wat in elke gevallestudie verbetering getoon het namate die semester gevorder het. Dit verskil van volledige aanlyn onderrig. Die gemengde modus het ook aansienlik beter gevaar in die eksamen- en finale modulepunte en het selfs beter gevaar as volkontakklasse.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly transformed the tertiary education landscape. Traditional contact universities were forced abruptly to adopt a full-distance education mode, a situation neither the students nor lecturers were prepared for. Many lectures and teaching activities were developed on the fly as universities struggled to roll out the needed support in double-time for lecturers and students. This new normal for education required integrating technology, advanced communication software, revised assessment techniques, and recognising the need for flexible and adaptable approaches to teaching and learning. Students also evolved and gained technological proficiency, adaptability, time management, soft skills, social media proficiency, and an awareness of health and well-being. Albeit uncertain in redefining the new normal, universities continue to provide quality education. However, exactly how university education should be delivered to a new breed of students in a new business environment is a challenge. This is even more so in the case of executive MBA students. After the hard lockdown and restrictions were lifted on 21 September 2020, the North-West University Business School started to explore other modes of academic content delivery. Reinstating a full contact delivery mode was not an option because of remaining restrictions. High technological investment, online-educated lecturers and students, and benefits and developments during online learning now form a new normal for the Business School. Which teaching method, or rather, which mode of delivery, is the most relevant and adequate? Should the MBA lectures return to the historic full-contact delivery mode, stick with the newly established full online mode, or attempt to integrate the benefits of both into a hybrid mode of delivering business education to a new breed of technology-savvy students? This study, therefore, examines the academic performance of the different delivery modes by comparing data of Executive MBA Marketing management students at the NWU Business School in South Africa. The study examines the academic performance of these students from 2017 up to 2023. The panel database consists of Executive MBA students'marks for the module in Marketing Management from 2017 up to 2023. The database contains marks for individual assignments, groupwork case studies, final individual- and groupwork marks, exam marks and the final module mark. The final assessment is a portfolio of evidence comprising a detailed marketing plan for a product, service, or organisation of choice. The mode of delivery served as the dependent variable, while the independent variables comprised the marks for each assignment (groupwork, individual and portfolio of evidence). Three delivery modes were compared, namely full-contact (2017-2019), full-online (2020-2021), and the post-pandemic hybrid mode currently in effect (2022-2023). The data comprised 630 cases. However, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) used 532 cases to compare the different groupwork assignments (230 full-contact students, 159 full-online students, and 143 hybrid students). Cronbach's alpha coefficient measured the data's reliability, and one-way ANOVA determined significant differences (p<.05) between the academic performance of the three delivery modes. The analysis confirmed that significant differences exist between the modes of delivery for individual assignments, group case studies and exams (p<.05). The Tukey ab post-hoc tests showed that students performed significantly better during the hybrid delivery mode in individual assignments (69.2%) than full contact (63.8%). Regarding the individual assignment, the full online (63.8%) and full contact (63.7%) delivery modes perform significantly worse than the hybrid (69.2%) delivery mode. Regarding the first group case study (Group Assignment 1), full online performs (67.3%) significantly worse than hybrid (71.1%) and full contact (73.6%) delivery modes. There is no significant difference between the hybrid and full contact delivery modes. In the second, third, and fourth group case studies (Group Assignments 2, 3 & 4), the hybrid delivery mode (82.37%, 75.4%, 82.7%) outperforms the full contact (75.4, 80.1%, 86.6%) and full-online (71.4%, 71.4%, 67.8%) modes. The hybrid delivery mode, therefore, proves to be more conducive towards academic performance in group work. Finally, in considering the final module mark, the hybrid delivery mode (71.0%) is significantly higher than the other two delivery modes. However, there is no significant difference between full online (67.5%) and full-contact (67.2%) delivery modes regarding the final module mark. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the better performance in the final module marks is a function of the groupwork where the students analysed case studies together. There are no significant differences in the exam marks between the delivery modes, so better academic performance in the hybrid mode of delivery where groupwork is concerned culminates in the better module mark. Based on the findings, it is evident that the hybrid mode of delivery results in the best academic performance. This observation is based on three reasons, namely 1) students performed better in both the normative and summative assessments during hybrid tuition; 2) there is continuous progressive learning throughout the semester regarding the group case studies (summative assessment). They learn to improve and hone their skills to analyse better and apply business solutions to real-life problems experienced by organisations. This is based on students' improving marks in the group case studies as they become more proficient in analysing and answering the applied case studies because they learn from each case study; and 3) the students perform better academically in their normative assessments and earn higher final module marks (partially due to reason 2). It is concluded that the hybrid delivery mode facilitates the academic performance of post-pandemic executive MBA Marketing management students. JEL KODES: I23, I21, M30

RESUMEN Introducción: la salud mental es crucial para el bienestar y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios. Los estudiantes de Kinesiología y Fisioterapia enfrentan desafíos únicos que pueden afectar su salud mental. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de trastornos mentales comunes en estudiantes de kinesiología y fisioterapia de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Metodología: se trata de un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. La muestra no probabilística estuvo compuesta por 150 estudiantes de Kinesiología y Fisioterapia de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, académicos, ocupacionales, de estilo de vida y psicopatológicos mediante la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés - 21 (DASS-21). El análisis se realizó mediante Jamovi con regresión logística binomial multivariada. Resultados: la frecuencia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés fue del 61,3 %, 72 % y 54,7 %, respectivamente. Los factores importantes para la depresión incluyeron ser un estudiante irregular, trabajar y no realizar actividad física. Para la ansiedad, fueron significativos ser estudiante irregular y ser mujer. Respecto al estrés, se encontraron relevantes ser estudiante irregular, trabajar y no realizar actividad física. Los modelos resultantes tuvieron clasificaciones correctas del 90,2 %, 88 % y 72 % para depresión, ansiedad y estrés, respectivamente. Conclusión: Este estudio reveló una alta frecuencia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés entre estudiantes de kinesiología y fisioterapia, lo que se asoció significativamente con irregularidad académica, empleo y falta de actividad física. Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de implementar estrategias de intervención y programas de apoyo que aborden estos factores de riesgo para promover la salud mental y el bienestar de los futuros profesionales de la salud.

ABSTRACT Introduction: mental health is crucial for university students’ well-being and academic performance. Kinesiology and Physical Therapy students face unique challenges that can affect their mental health. Objective: to determine the frequency of common mental disorders in kinesiology and physical therapy students at the Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Methodology: this was an observational and descriptive cross-sectional study. The nonprobabilistic sample included 150 Kinesiology and Physiotherapy students from the Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Sociodemographic, academic, occupational, lifestyle, and psychopathological data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21). The analysis was performed using Jamovi with multivariate binomial logistic regression. Results: the frequency of depression, anxiety, and stress was 61.3 %, 72 %, and 54.7 %, respectively. The significant factors for depression included being an irregular student, working, and not engaging in physical activity. For anxiety, being an irregular student and being a woman were significant. Regarding stress, being an irregular student, working, and not engaging in physical activity were found to be relevant. The resulting models had correct classifications of 90.2 %, 88 %, and 72 % for depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Conclusion: this study revealed a high frequency of depression, anxiety, and stress among kinesiology and physical therapy students, which was significantly associated with academic irregularity, employment, and a lack of physical activity. These findings underscore the need to implement intervention strategies and support programs that address these risk factors in order to promote the mental health and well-being of future health professionals.

ABSTRACT Using data from the 2020 higher education admission process, this article analyzes the distributive behavior of the special quotas of a Chilean socio-educational inclusion policy. Several indicators have been created to profile both the demand and the programmatic offer that adheres to this initiative. The results show that the allocation of special quotas is neither homogeneous nor random; the higher the elitism, academic profile and socioeconomic characteristics of a program's enrollment, the lower its number of vacancies for special admission. Likewise, special quotas increase in programs with low levels of demand and that concentrate students with low performance in admission tests. The conclusions discuss whether the contribution of the most prestigious programs make to social inclusion is more symbolic than real, as well as the configuration of a logic of instrumental use of special admission in programs with low demand.

RESUMEN Utilizando datos del proceso de admisión a la educación superior en 2020, este artículo analiza el comportamiento distributivo de los cupos especiales de una política de inclusión socioeducativa chilena. Se crearon distintos indicadores para perfilar tanto la demanda como la oferta programática que adhiere a esta iniciativa. Los resultados evidencian que la asignación de cupos especiales no es homogénea ni azarosa; conforme mayor es la elitización, perfil académico y atributos socioeconómicos de la matrícula de un programa, menor es su cantidad de vacantes para admisión especial. Asimismo, los cupos especiales aumentan en carreras con bajos niveles de demanda y que concentran estudiantes con bajo desempeño en pruebas de admisión. Las conclusiones discuten si la contribución que los programas de mayor prestigio hacen a la inclusión social es más simbólica que real, así como la configuración de una lógica de uso instrumental de la admisión especial en programas de baja demanda.