Résumé La fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale marque un ensemble de grandes transformations dans la pensée sociale brésilienne. Les théories raciales et eugéniques perdent rapidement leur force face aux interprétations d’ordre culturel et économique. Dans ce travail, une partie de ces transformations est racontée à partir des interprétations sur l’immigration japonaise au Brésil de deux intellectuels ayant une influence marquante au Parlement : le psychiatre-eugéniste Pacheco e Silva et le sociologue Gilberto Freyre. L’immigration japonaise a été au centre d’un débat intense dans les années 1930 et 1940, suscitant même des amendements restrictifs ou prohibitifs dans les Constitutions de 1934 et 1946. Cette étude analyse l’activité parlementaire des deux intellectuels pendant cette période, observe les influences de leurs pensées sociales sur leur activité politique, examine également les transformations qui ont lieu dans les années 1950, avec des changements dans la pensée de Pacheco e Silva, une plus grande influence de la pensée de Freyre et une redéfinition de la place de l’immigration japonaise dans le débat parlementaire. brésilienne dordre d ordre économique travail limmigration l immigration psychiatreeugéniste psychiatre eugéniste Limmigration L dun 193 1940 1946 lactivité période politique 1950 19 194 195 1

Resumen El final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial marcó un conjunto de grandes transformaciones en el pensamiento social brasilero. Las teorías raciales y eugenésicas van perdiendo fuerza rápidamente frente a las interpretaciones de cuño cultural y económico. En este trabajo, se da cuenta de parte de esas transformaciones a partir de las interpretaciones sobre la inmigración japonesa en Brasil de dos intelectuales con un importante desempeño parlamentario: el psiquiatra-eugenista Pacheco e Silva y el sociólogo Gilberto Freyre. La inmigración japonesa fue foco de intenso debate en las décadas de 1930 y 1940, e incluso fue merecedora de enmiendas restrictivas o prohibitivas en las Constituyentes de 1934 y 1946. Este estudio, analiza la acción parlamentaria de los dos intelectuales en ese periodo, observando las influencias de sus pensamientos sociales en su actividad política y examinando, también, las transformaciones que ocurrieron en la década de 1950, con cambios en el pensamiento de Pacheco e Silva, principal influencia del pensamiento de Freyre, y el rediseño del lugar dado a la inmigración japonesa en el debate parlamentario. brasilero económico trabajo parlamentario psiquiatraeugenista psiquiatra eugenista Freyre 193 1940 1946 estudio periodo examinando también 1950 19 194 195 1

Abstract The end of World War II marks a set of major transformations in Brazilian social thought. Racial and eugenic theories rapidly lose ground to interpretations of cultural and economic nature. This article examines part of these transformations through the perspectives on Japanese immigration to Brazil by two intellectuals with important parliamentary roles: the psychiatrist-eugenicist Pacheco e Silva and the sociologist Gilberto Freyre. Japanese immigration was the subject of intense debate in the 1930s and 1940s, even prompting restrictive or prohibitive amendments in the 1934 and 1946 constitutions. This study analyzes the parliamentary activities of both intellectuals over this period and demonstrates the influence of their respective social thoughts on their political endeavors. This article also examines the transformations that took place in the 1950s, including shifts in Pacheco e Silva’s thinking, a greater influence of Freyre’s ideas, and a reconfiguration of the role of Japanese immigration in parliamentary discourse. thought nature roles psychiatristeugenicist psychiatrist eugenicist Freyre s 1940s 193 194 constitutions endeavors 1950s Silvas thinking Freyres ideas discourse 19 1

Resumo O final da Segunda Guerra Mundial marca um conjunto de grandes transformações no pensamento social brasileiro. As teorias raciais e eugênicas vão perdendo rapidamente força frente às interpretações de cunho cultural e econômico. Neste trabalho, conta-se parte dessas transformações a partir das interpretações sobre a imigração japonesa no Brasil em dois intelectuais de marcante atuação parlamentar: o psiquiatra-eugenista Pacheco e Silva e o sociólogo Gilberto Freyre. A imigração japonesa foi foco de intenso debate nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, merecendo até mesmo emendas restritivas ou proibitivas nas Constituintes de 1934 e 1946. Este estudo analisa a atuação parlamentar dos dois intelectuais nesse período, observando as influências de seus pensamentos sociais em sua atividade política. O artigo examina, ainda, as transformações que ocorrem na década de 1950, com mudanças no pensamento de Pacheco e Silva, maior influência do pensamento de Freyre e um redesenho do lugar da imigração japonesa no debate parlamentar. brasileiro econômico trabalho contase conta se psiquiatraeugenista psiquiatra eugenista 193 1940 1946 período política examina ainda 1950 19 194 195 1

This study offers a comprehensive analysis of how governance capacities in developing countries respond to the challenges that COVID-19 posed. We established a theoretical framework to delve into the multifaceted nature of governance capacities, exploring two distinct aspects of governance: the Weberian one, which focuses on material and organizational capacities, and the Tocquevillian one, which focuses on coordination and associational capacities. We examined these four governance dimensions to illustrate how these distinct skills influence the effectiveness of governance. Our analysis quantifies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using such metrics as confirmed cases and deaths. We employ standard and dynamic panel data methodologies to mitigate potential omitted variable bias. Our research findings indicate that countries with robust governance capacities, as assessed by the Bertelsmann Stiftung's Transformation Governance Index, are better equipped to respond effectively to pandemic crises. By applying several models and rigorous robustness tests, we demonstrate efficient resource utilization, the ability to guide and prioritize decision-making within the government, and commitment to cooperation and coordination with other nations and international organizations are the primary drivers of improved outcomes. Our findings remain robust even when controlling for relevant variables and employing estimation techniques that account for potential biases arising from unobservable confounding factors. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 posed one deaths bias Stiftungs Stiftung s Index crises tests utilization decisionmaking decision making government outcomes factors COVID1 1 COVID-

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the outcomes of intravitreal dexamethasone implant used as either an adjuvant or a switching therapy for diabetic macular edema in patients with poor anatomic response after three consecutive monthly injections of ranibizumab. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with diabetic macular edema who received three consecutive doses of ranibizumab as initial therapy and demonstrated poor response. A single dose of intravitreal de xamethasone implant was administered to these patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment modalities: the adjuvant therapy group, consisting of patients who continued treatment with ranibizumab injection after receiving intravitreal dexamethasone implant, and the switch therapy group, consisting of patients who were switched from ranibizumab treatment to intravitreal dexamethasone implant as needed. The main outcome measurements were best corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of follow-up. Results: In this study that included 64 eyes of 64 patients, the best corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness values did not significantly differ between the groups at baseline and at 6 months of follow-up (p>0.05). However, at 12 months, the best corrected visual acuity values in the adjuvant and switch therapy groups were 0.46 and 0.35 LogMAR, respectively (p=0.012), and the central retinal thickness values were 344.8 and 270.9, respectively (p=0.007). Conclusions: In a real-world setting, it seems more reasonable to use intravitreal dexamethasone implant as a switch therapy rather than an adjuvant therapy for diabetic macula edema refractory to ranibizumab despite three consecutive monthly injections of ranibizumab. Patients switched to intravitreal dexamethasone implant were found to have better anatomic and visual outcomes at 12 months than those who continued ranibizumab therapy despite their less-than-optimal responses. Purpose Methods modalities group needed 3 9 1 followup. followup follow up. up Results p>0.05. p005 p p>0.05 . 0 05 (p>0.05) However 046 46 0.4 035 35 0.3 LogMAR p=0.012, p0012 p=0.012 , 012 (p=0.012) 3448 344 8 344. 2709 270 270.9 p=0.007. p0007 p=0.007 007 (p=0.007) Conclusions realworld real world setting lessthanoptimal less optimal responses p00 p>0.0 (p>0.05 04 4 0. 03 p001 p=0.01 01 (p=0.012 34 27 270. p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.007 p0 p>0. (p>0.0 p=0.0 (p=0.01 2 (p=0.00 p>0 (p>0. p=0. (p=0.0 p> (p>0 p=0 (p=0. (p> p= (p=0 (p (p=

RESUMO: O Rio Grande do Sul possui uma grande diversidade de espécies de répteis distribuídos por todo o Estado. Devido às ações antrópicas, como a fragmentação de habitats, estes animais vêm sendo observados com frequência no meio urbano e periurbano. Isso facilita a disseminação de patógenos entre animais e seres humanos, sendo um risco a saúde única, visto que muitas doenças são consideradas zoonoses. A leptospirose está entre as zoonoses mais comuns do mundo e é causada pelas espécies patogênicas da bactéria do gênero Leptospira. Ainda não se sabe o papel dos répteis no ciclo da doença, porém, estudos sorológicos demonstraram positividade para anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. em cágados e serpentes, o que pode indicar que estes animais atuam na manutenção do patógeno no ambiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira em répteis oriundos de resgate e levados ao Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre e Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL). As amostras foram coletadas de 55 animais (39 Trachemys dorbigni; 3 Philodryas patagoniensis; 3 Caiman latirostris; 3 Salvator merianae; 2 Acanthochelys spixii; 2 Phrynops hilarii; 2 Hydromedusa tectifera; 1 Philodryas aestiva), durante o período de agosto de 2022 a dezembro de 2023, e testadas para 12 sorovares de referência. Dois animais demonstraram positividade, um deles para o sorovar patogênico Pyrogenes e outro para o sorovar patogênico Canicola. Este resultado demonstra a importância de outras espécies, além dos mamíferos, como potenciais reservatórios e responsáveis pela manutenção da leptospirose no ambiente. RESUMO Estado antrópicas habitats periurbano humanos única doença porém spp serpentes ambiente antiLeptospira anti NURFSCETAS/UFPEL. NURFSCETASUFPEL NURFS CETAS/UFPEL . CETAS UFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL) 5 39 (3 dorbigni patagoniensis latirostris merianae spixii hilarii tectifera aestiva, aestiva , aestiva) 202 2023 referência Canicola mamíferos NURFSCETAS NURFSCETAS/UFPEL CETASUFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL ( 20

ABSTRACT: The state of Rio Grande do Sul has a great diversity of reptile species distributed throughout its territory. Due to human actions, such as habitat fragmentation, these animals have been frequently observed in urban and peri-urban environments. This facilitates the spread of pathogens between animals and humans, posing a unique health risk, as many diseases are considered zoonoses. Leptospirosis is among the most common zoonoses in the world and is caused by pathogenic species of bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The role of reptiles in the cycle of this disease is yet unknown. However, serological studies have demonstrated positivity for antibodies against Leptospira spp. in tortoises and snakes, which may indicate that these animals act in maintaining the pathogen in the environment. This observed the presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in rescued reptiles taken to the Center for Rehabilitation of Wild Fauna and Screening Center for Wild Animals at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL). Samples were collected from 55 animals (39 Trachemys dorbigni; 3 Philodryas patagoniensis; 3 Caiman latirostris; 3 Salvator merianae; 2 Acanthochelys spixii; 2 Phrynops hilarii; 2 Hydromedusa tectifera; 1 Philodryas aestiva) from August 2022 to December 2023 and tested for 12 reference serovars. Two animals demonstrated positivity, one for the pathogenic serovar Pyrogenes and the other for the pathogenic serovar Canicola. This result reflected the importance of different species besides mammals as potential reservoirs and responsible for maintaining leptospirosis in the environment. ABSTRACT territory actions fragmentation periurban peri environments humans risk unknown However spp snakes environment antiLeptospira anti NURFSCETAS/UFPEL. NURFSCETASUFPEL NURFS CETAS/UFPEL . CETAS UFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL) 5 39 (3 dorbigni patagoniensis latirostris merianae spixii hilarii tectifera aestiva 202 serovars Canicola NURFSCETAS NURFSCETAS/UFPEL CETASUFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL ( 20

ABSTRACT: China is the biggest muskmelon producing country across the world. Extreme application of fertilizer during planting of muskmelon poses a serious threat to the environment and food safety, so how to promote farmers to use organic fertilizer has become an important topic. This study creatively introduced green awareness into the extended framework of theory of planned behavior to explore the decisive factors of muskmelon farmers’ behavior intention to apply green organic fertilizer. The structural equation model is used for investigating behavior intention of 543 muskmelon farmers in Leting County, China. The results suggested that both subjective norm and green awareness can affect muskmelon farmers’ behavior intention positively and significantly. When the subjective norm increases by 1 standard deviation, the farmers’ intention increases by 1.028 standard deviation; for every 1 standard deviation increase in green awareness, the farmers’ intention increased by 0.703 standard deviation. ABSTRACT world safety topic 54 County significantly 1028 028 1.02 0703 0 703 0.70 5 102 02 1.0 070 70 0.7 10 1. 07 7 0.

RESUMO: A China é o maior país produtor de melão em todo o mundo. A aplicação extrema de fertilizantes durante o plantio de melão representa uma séria ameaça ao meio ambiente e à segurança alimentar, portanto, como promover os agricultores a usar fertilizante orgânico verde tornou-se um tópico importante. Este estudo introduziu criativamente a consciência verde no quadro estendido da teoria do comportamento, planejado para explorar os fatores decisivos da intenção dos agricultores de melão de aplicar fertilizante orgânico verde. O modelo de equações estruturais é usado para investigar a intenção de comportamento de 543 agricultores de melão no Condado de Leting, China. Os resultados sugerem que tanto a norma subjetiva quanto a consciência verde podem afetar positiva e significativamente o comportamento dos produtores de melão. Quando a norma subjetiva aumenta em 1, o desvio padrão, a intenção do agricultor aumenta em 1,028 desvio padrão. Para cada aumento de 1 desvio padrão na consciência verde, a intenção dos agricultores aumentou em 0,703 desvio padrão. RESUMO mundo alimentar portanto tornouse tornou se importante 54 Leting 1028 028 1,02 0703 0 703 0,70 5 102 02 1,0 070 70 0,7 10 07 7 0,

Caffeine (CAF) and nicotine (NIC) are emerging contaminants and are among the most consumed substances in the world, making it crucial to monitor these contaminants. In this work, an alternative electrolyte, 2-hydroxyethylammonium acetate (2HEAA) was used for the development of an electroanalytical method for determination and quantification of CAF and NIC, simultaneously, using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The system with the 2HEAA electrolyte was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the DPV parameters were optimized for the best conditions. The method was validated from a calibration curve obtained which showed limit of detection (LOD) of 0.82 and 6.26 μmol L 1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.73 and 20.8 μmol L-1 for CAF and NIC, respectively. In the precision analyses, values lower than 10% of relative standard deviation were obtained. In the presence of concomitant inorganic and organic species, the system proved to be selective in the determination of analytes. The method was used to determine the analytes in fortified samples (river water, synthetic urine and commercial milk), obtaining recoveries between 87.25 and 111.40%. The 2HEAA demonstrated high efficiency as an alternative electrolyte with good signal-to-noise ratio, increased analytical sensitivity of the method, in addition to presenting low cost and fast electrolyte preparation. (CAF NIC (NIC world work 2hydroxyethylammonium hydroxyethylammonium 2 HEAA (2HEAA simultaneously DPV. . (DPV) spectroscopy conditions LOD (LOD 082 0 82 0.8 626 6 26 6.2 LOQ (LOQ 273 73 2.7 208 20 8 20. L1 L- respectively analyses 10 species river water milk, milk , milk) 8725 87 25 87.2 11140 111 40 111.40% signaltonoise signal noise ratio preparation (DPV 08 0. 62 6. 27 7 2. 872 87. 1114 11 4 111.40 111.4 111.

The training of Chemistry teachers in Brazil has been researched for a few decades and studies point out to training gaps that reverberate in teaching, especially in basic education. One of the contents covered in this step and which is part of the high school curriculum is radioactivity, which is related, among other things, to radiological and radioactive accidents that occur around the world. Thus, this research sought to investigate how the training provided to Chemistry undergraduates in the state of Goiás is in relation to the subject of radioactivity, since in 1987 a radiological accident occurred in Goiânia with a Cesium 137 source. This is a qualitative research, data were collected via questionnaire and the analytical technique used was discursive textual analysis (ATD). The results showed that due importance was not given to the radiological accident, since there is evidence of training gaps in relation to the topic of radioactivity in Chemistry degree courses in the state of Goiás, where the accident occurred, and the contents on radioactivity are either not addressed, or the approach is superficial. This fact directly impacts the teacher’s performance in basic education, when working on this content with their students. teaching education related things world Thus 198 13 source ATD. ATD . (ATD) addressed superficial teacher s students 19 1 (ATD

RESUMO: A batata-doce é uma cultura importante para a segurança alimentar com mercado mundial em ascensão. Com base nas alterações fisiológicas das plantas em resposta às condições climáticas e à fertilização, este estudo avaliou os efeitos da época de cultivo (período chuvoso e seco) e de doses de P2O5 (0, 50, 100, 200 e 400 kg ha-1) na produtividade total e por classes comerciais, bem como, a composição química das raízes de armazenamento de duas cultivares de batata-doce. A produtividade de raízes tuberosas foi maior na estação chuvosa. As doses ótimas agronômica e econômica foram de 128 e 95 kg ha-1 de P2O5 para a cultivar Canadense. A cultivar Uruguaiana não respondeu a adubação fosfatada, mas suas raízes tiveram maiores teores de matéria seca, lipídios, fibras, açúcares totais e redutores e amido. O cultivo de batata-doce no período chuvoso com doses de até 100 kg ha-1 de P2O5 aumenta a produtividade de raízes em classes de maior valor econômico e com maiores teores de carboidratos. Estes resultados ajudam os produtores a planejarem o plantio e a colheita da batata-doce ao longo do ano e contribui para a gestão da aplicação de fertilizantes fosfatados. RESUMO batatadoce batata doce ascensão fertilização seco PO P P2O 0, 0 (0 50 20 40 ha1 ha 1 comerciais como batatadoce. doce. chuvosa 12 9 ha- Canadense fosfatada seca lipídios fibras amido 10 carboidratos fosfatados ( 5 2 4

ABSTRACT: Sweet potato is an important food security crop, and the world market for this root is on the rise. Based on the physiological changes in plants in response to climatic conditions and fertilization, this study evaluated the effects of the growing season (rainy and dry season) and P2O5 doses (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kg ha-1) on total yield, marketable classes yields, as well as chemical composition of storage roots of two sweet potato cultivars. The storage roots yield was greater in the rainy season. The optimum agronomic and economic doses were 128 and 95 kg ha-1 P2O5 for the cultivar Canadense. Cultivar Uruguaiana did not respond to phosphate fertilization, but its storage roots had higher contents of dry matter, lipids, fibers, total and reducing sugars, and starch. Sweet potato cultivation in the rainy season with doses up to 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 increase root yield in marketable size classes in higher economic value and with higher carbohydrate contents. The results can help producers schedule the planting and harvesting of sweet potatoes throughout the year and contribute to the seasonal management of phosphate fertilizer application. ABSTRACT crop rise fertilization PO P O P2O 0, 0 (0 50 20 40 ha1 ha 1 yields cultivars 12 9 ha- Canadense matter lipids fibers sugars starch 10 application ( 5 2 4

Resumo Enquanto diversos modelos estruturais buscam prever o comportamento de paredes em alvenaria, as normas técnicas buscam promover a previsão das cargas resistentes, de modo a trazer segurança para as estruturas. Diferentes regiões do mundo possuem parâmetros diversos para previsão da capacidade lateral das estruturas em alvenaria. O presente trabalho buscou realizar a comparação entre as normas de alvenaria estrutural brasileira, americana, australiana e europeia no que tange à resistência ao cisalhamento das mesmas e à flexocompressão que estão submetidas. Os equacionamentos indicados nas normas foram comparados com modelagem por elementos finitos e com a equação da literatura (2022), consideradas fidedignas para previsão do comportamento das paredes submetidas a forças laterais no plano. É proposta uma atualização para a norma brasileira. Os resultados mostraram que enquanto os resultados dos modelos para flexocompressão têm valores similares em todas as normas, para cisalhamento, a norma brasileira se mostrou como sendo a menos conservadora, seguida pela australiana, americana, canadense e europeia. Foi identificado ainda, por meio da modelagem em EF (Elementos Finitos), que o principal modo de ruptura dos painéis é a compressão diagonal. A proposta de modificação na norma brasileira, com consideração de área líquida e a correção da resistência ao cisalhamento inicial (fvk0), resultam valores muito mais próximos aos resultados do modelo. resistentes americana 2022, 2022 , (2022) plano conservadora ainda Elementos Finitos, Finitos Finitos) diagonal fvk0, fvk0 fvk (fvk0) modelo 202 (2022 (fvk0 20 (202 (fvk 2 (20 (2 (

Abstract Several structural models aim to predict the behavior of masonry walls. Those are included in technical standards strive to ensure the anticipation of the structural capacity, thereby assuring its safety. Different regions of the world encompass diverse parameters for predicting the lateral capacity of masonry members. This study sought to compare the Brazilian, Canadian, American, Australian, and European masonry standards regarding the shear and flexural capacity specification of walls. Equations derived from the standards were contrasted against finite element modeling results and to reliable formulation from the literature for predicting wall shear behavior. Additionally, an actualization is proposed to the Brazilian standard. The results revealed that while flexural capacity specifications result in comparable values across all standards, the Brazilian standard exhibited the least conservatism in the shear capacity, followed by the Australian, American, Canadian, and European standards. The diagonal shear was the primary mode of panel failure of the walls from the FE (Finite Element) modeling. The suggested adjustments to the Brazilian code, including considering the net area and correction of the initial shear strength (fvk0), result values close to the modeling results. safety members Canadian American Australian Additionally Finite Element code fvk0, fvk0 fvk , (fvk0) (fvk0 (fvk

Résumé Dans un monde globalisé, le contrôle du législatif sur les questions liées au Mercosur et à l’Union Européenne est important, mais il varie en fonction des décisions de Politique Étrangère Régionale (PER). Cet article examine s’il existe des configurations, en tenant compte de la conception institutionnelle, des conditions politiques et des facteurs économiques, qui expliquent l’intensité de la participation législative dans la détermination de telles questions. Une consultation d’experts a été réalisée pour sélectionner 5 décisions représentant des changements significatifs pour la dynamique régionale des pays du Mercosur et de l’Union européenne. Après avoir défini l’échantillon intentionnel de cas, grâce à une Analyse Qualitative Comparative (QCA), des conditions causales, nécessaires et suffisantes, ont été identifiées pour la participation du législatif à la PER. Les résultats indiquent que la conception institutionnelle et les facteurs économiques importent, mais les débats préalables dans les Parlements sur le sujet sont également pertinents pour expliquer l’action législative. Cela a été corroboré par une Analyse de Coïncidence qui a démontré que cette variable fait partie de la chaîne causale de la participation. globalisé lUnion l Union important PER . (PER) sil s configurations lintensité intensité dexperts d experts européenne léchantillon échantillon cas QCA, QCA , (QCA) causales suffisantes importent laction action (PER (QCA

Resumo Em um mundo globalizado, o controle do Legislativo sobre matérias ligadas ao Mercosul e à União Europeia importa, mas varia em relação às decisões de Política Externa Regional (PER). Este artigo investiga se existem configurações, considerando o desenho institucional, as condições políticas e os fatores econômicos, que expliquem a intensidade da participação legislativa na determinação de tais matérias. Foi realizada uma consulta com especialistas para selecionar 5 decisões que representaram mudanças significativas para a dinâmica regional dos países mercosulinos e europeus. Após definida a amostra intencional de casos, através de uma Análise Qualitativa Comparativa (QCA), foram identificadas condições causais, necessárias e suficientes, para a participação do Legislativo em PER. Os resultados indicam que desenho institucional e fatores econômicos importam, mas debates prévios nos Parlamentos sobre o tema também são relevantes para explicar a atuação legislativa. Isso foi corroborado por uma Análise de Coincidência que demonstrou que essa variável compõe a cadeia causal da participação. globalizado importa PER . (PER) configurações europeus casos QCA, QCA , (QCA) causais suficientes importam (PER (QCA

Resumen En un mundo globalizado, el control legislativo sobre los asuntos relacionados con el Mercosur y la Unión Europea es importante, pero varía en relación con las decisiones de Política Exterior Regional (PER). Este artículo investiga si existen configuraciones, teniendo en cuenta el diseño institucional, las condiciones políticas y los factores económicos, que expliquen la intensidad de la participación legislativa en la determinación de tales asuntos. Se consultó a expertos para seleccionar cinco decisiones que representaban cambios significativos en la dinámica regional del Mercosur y de los países europeos. Una vez definida la muestra intencional de casos, se utilizó un Análisis Cualitativo Comparativo (ACC) para identificar las condiciones causales necesarias y suficientes para la participación de la legislatura en PER. Los resultados indican que el diseño institucional y los factores económicos importan, pero los debates previos en los parlamentos sobre el tema también son relevantes para explicar la acción legislativa. Esto fue corroborado por un Análisis de Coincidencias que demostró que esta variable conforma la cadena causal de la participación. globalizado importante PER . (PER) configuraciones europeos casos ACC (ACC importan (PER

Abstract In a globalized world, Legislative control over matters related to Mercosur and the European Union (EU) is important. However, its importance varies according to Regional Foreign Policy (RFP) decisions. This article investigates whether there are configurations, considering institutional design, political conditions, and economic factors, which explain the intensity of legislative participation in determining such matters. Specialists were consulted to select five decisions that represented significant changes for the regional dynamics of Mercosur and EU member countries. After defining the intentional sample of cases, necessary and sufficient conditions for the participation of the Legislature in RFP were identified through a Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). The results indicate that institutional design and economic factors matter, but prior debates in Parliaments on the subject are also relevant to explaining legislative action. This was corroborated by a Coincidence Analysis (CNA) that demonstrated that this variable makes up the causal chain of participation. world (EU important However (RFP configurations countries cases QCA. QCA . (QCA) matter action CNA (CNA (QCA

Abstract This article analyses the World Bank as an agent of the neoliberalization of global capitalism, with an emphasis on its functions as a lender, adviser and technical advisor to governments, civil society agent, and producer of economic research during the period from 1980 to 2023. Based on primary sources from the institution itself and extensive specialized literature, the article shows how the World Bank’s activities have become increasingly comprehensive, politicized, and intrusive, but with variations in form, content, and intensity in its political agenda and operational practices. It concludes that, in a global environment marked by major economic and political changes, greater contestation of supposedly universal economic recipes, and uncertainties about the future, the World Bank has remained faithful to the neoliberal political paradigm, but it has started to act in a more pragmatic, flexible, discreet way that depends on the circumstances and priorities of the borrowers (especially the larger ones). capitalism lender governments 198 2023 literature Banks s comprehensive politicized intrusive form content practices changes recipes future paradigm pragmatic flexible especially ones. ones . ones) 19 202 1 20 2

Resumo Este artigo analisa o Banco Mundial como agente de neoliberalização do capitalismo global, dando ênfase às suas funções de emprestador, conselheiro e assessor técnico de governos, agente da sociedade civil e produtor de pesquisas econômicas durante o período de 1980 a 2023. Com base em fontes primárias da própria instituição e ampla literatura especializada, o trabalho mostra como a atuação do Banco Mundial se tornou cada vez mais abrangente, politizada e intrusiva, porém com variações de forma, conteúdo e intensidade em sua agenda política e suas práticas operacionais. Conclui que, em um ambiente global marcado por grandes mudanças econômicas e políticas, maior contestação a receitas econômicas supostamente universais e incertezas quanto ao futuro, o Banco Mundial se manteve fiel ao paradigma político neoliberal, porém, passou a atuar de forma mais pragmática, flexível, discreta e dependente das circunstâncias e prioridades dos mutuários (especialmente os de maior volume). emprestador governos 198 2023 especializada abrangente intrusiva operacionais que políticas futuro neoliberal pragmática flexível especialmente volume. volume . volume) 19 202 1 20 2

Resumen Este artículo analiza el Banco Mundial como agente de la neoliberalización del capitalismo global, haciendo hincapié en sus funciones como prestamista, asesor y consejero técnico de los gobiernos, agente de la sociedad civil y productor de investigación económica durante el periodo comprendido entre 1980 y 2023. Basándose en fuentes primarias de la propia institución y en una amplia bibliografía especializada, el artículo muestra cómo las actividades del Banco Mundial se han vuelto cada vez más amplias, politizadas e intrusivas, pero con variaciones de forma, contenido e intensidad en su agenda política y sus prácticas operativas. Concluye que, en un entorno global marcado por grandes cambios económicos y políticos, una mayor contestación de las recetas económicas supuestamente universales y la incertidumbre sobre el futuro, el Banco Mundial se ha mantenido fiel al paradigma político neoliberal, pero ha empezado a actuar de una forma más pragmática, flexible y discreta que depende de las circunstancias y prioridades de los prestatarios (especialmente de los más grandes). prestamista gobiernos 198 2023 especializada amplias intrusivas operativas políticos futuro neoliberal pragmática especialmente grandes. . grandes) 19 202 1 20 2

Résumé Cet article analyse la Banque Mondiale comme un acteur de la néo-libéralisation du capitalisme mondial, mettant l’accent sur ses fonctions de prêteur, conseiller et conseiller technique des gouvernements, agent de la société civile et producteur de recherches économiques pendant la période 1980-2023. En s’appuyant sur des sources primaires de l’institution elle-même et d’une vaste littérature spécialisée, l’étude montre comment l’action de la Banque Mondiale est devenue de plus en plus complète, politisée et intrusive, bien que présentant des variations dans la forme, le contenu et l’intensité de votre agenda politique et de vos pratiques opérationnelles. Larticle conclut que, dans un context mondial marqué par de grands changements économiques et politiques, une plus grande contestation des revenus économiques supposés universels et des incertitudes quant à l’avenir, la Banque mondiale est restée fidèle au paradigme politique néolibéral, cependant, elle a adopté une approche plus pragmatique, flexible, discrète et dépendante des circonstances et des priorités des emprunteurs (notamment ceux de grande envergure). néolibéralisation néo libéralisation laccent l accent prêteur gouvernements 19802023. 19802023 1980 2023. 2023 1980-2023 sappuyant s appuyant linstitution institution ellemême même dune d spécialisée létude étude laction action complète intrusive forme lintensité intensité opérationnelles politiques lavenir, lavenir avenir, avenir l’avenir néolibéral cependant pragmatique flexible notamment envergure. envergure . envergure) 1980202 198 202 1980-202 198020 19 20 1980-20 19802 1 2 1980-2 1980-

ABSTRACT Introduction/framework/objectives: Artificial Intelligence has shown very intense development in recent years, in several areas, with Work Market being no exception. Furthermore, many researchers predict drastic changes in the way it is organized and consequent unemployment and associated economic, social, legal and emotional issues. The aim of this review is to summarize the data that will help to clarify the situation and better guide Occupational Health and Safety professionals. Methodology: This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in April 2023 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Content: Artificial networks function as models with the capacity to store and use data, through simplified application algorithms. They mimic human neural networks; making the best decision, based on the information collected, making it possible to carry out tasks previously considered exclusively human. The machine progressively learns from its mistakes; that is, being able to solve problems for which they were not programmed, based on "experience", examples and analogies. Discussion and Conclusions: The consequences described in the literature regarding the interaction of Artificial Intelligence with Work are not consensual, even though most researchers consider that this will be the most abrupt and serious change faced by humanity, to the extent that it could be possible that the majority of the world's population become unemployed and without a means of subsistence, with all the associated implications, in a much shorter period of time than most can imagine. Some countries value this issue more, which is why they have already started studies or even applied practical measures to try to alleviate these problems. It would be very relevant to publicize the topic to employers, managers, human resources and workers, also evaluating how many companies apply Artificial Inteligence, in what way and how this has changed variables such as productivity, number of jobs and type of tasks; as well as what were the main mistakes made on this journey and what are the best ways to mitigate them, publicizing the process and the conclusions obtained, publishing such information in a magazine in the area.

RESUMO Introdução/enquadramento/objetivos: A Inteligência Artificial tem apresentado um desenvolvimento muito intenso nos últimos anos, em diversas áreas, não sendo o Mercado de Trabalho uma exceção. Para além disso, muitos investigadores preveem mudanças drásticas na forma de este ser organizado e consequente alteração a nível de desemprego e questões económicas, sociais, legais e emocionais associadas. Pretende-se com esta revisão sintetizar os dados que mais ajudarão a elucidar a situação e a melhor orientar os profissionais da Saúde e Segurança Ocupacionais. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2023 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo: As redes artificiais funcionam como modelos com capacidade para armazenar e usar dados, através de algoritmos de aplicação simplificada. Eles imitam as redes neuronais humanas; tomando a melhor decisão, em função da informação recolhida, possibilitando a realização de tarefas anteriormente consideradas como exclusivamente humanas. A máquina aprende progressivamente com os seus erros; ou seja, passa a conseguir resolver problemas para os quais não foram programadas, em função da "experiência", exemplos e analogias. Discussão e Conclusões: As consequências descritas na literatura em relação à interação da Inteligência Artificial com o Trabalho não são consensuais, ainda que a maioria dos investigadores considere que isso será a mudança mais brusca e grave enfrentada pela humanidade, na medida em que poderá ser possível que a maioria da população mundial fique desempregada e sem meios de subsistência, com todas as implicações associadas, num prazo muito mais curto do que a maioria poderá imaginar. Alguns países valorizam mais este assunto, pelo que já iniciaram estudos ou até a aplicação de medidas práticas para tentar atenuar esses problemas. Seria muito relevante divulgar o tema perante empregadores, chefias, recursos humanos e trabalhadores, avaliando também quantas empresas aplicam a Inteligência Artificial, de que forma e como tal alterou variáveis como produtividade, número de postos de trabalho e tipo tarefas; bem como quais os principais erros executados nessa caminhada e quais as melhores formas de os atenuar, divulgando o processo e as conclusões obtidas, publicando tais informações em revista da área.

Resumen Objetivo: este artículo estudia la relación entre la demanda turística y el crecimiento económico, el tipo de cambio real y la incertidumbre de política económica (EPU, por sus siglas en inglés) en Australia, China, Francia, Alemania, Italia, Japón, España, Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido. Metodología: se aplicaron pruebas de dependencia transversal, de raíz unitaria y de cointegración. El modelo de largo plazo se estimó con los siguientes métodos: PCSE, FGLS y FMOLS. Resultados: los resultados muestran una relación positiva entre el crecimiento económico y el tipo de cambio real respecto a la demanda turística. En el largo plazo, la relación de causalidad es de la incertidumbre, el tipo de cambio y el PIB al turismo. Se valida la hipótesis de retroalimentación. Limitaciones: la disponibilidad de datos. Originalidad: estudia la influencia conjunta del crecimiento económico y la EPU sobre la demanda de turismo en los países de los principales destinos mundiales de turismo internacional según los ingresos turísticos internacionales. Conclusiones: se sugiere que el turismo impulsará el crecimiento económico general, y de manera correspondiente la inversión en otros sectores de la economía también influirá en un aumento del turismo.

Abstract Objective: to study the relationship among tourism demand and economic growth, real exchange rate, and economic policy uncertainty (EPU) in Australia China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Methodology: cross-section dependence, unit root, and cointegration tests were applied. The long-term model was estimated according to the Panel-Corrected Standard Error (PCSE), Feasible Generalised Least Squares (FGLS), and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS). Results: the results show a positive relationship between economic growth and the real exchange rate concerning tourism demand. In the long term, the causality relationship is from uncertainty, exchange rate, and GDP to tourism. The feedback hypothesis is validated. Limitations: availability of data. Originality: it studies the joint influence of economic growth and the EPU on demand for tourism in the countries of the world’s leading destinations for international tourism according to international tourist income. Conclusions: tourism will drive general economic growth and, correspondingly, investment in other sectors of the economy will also influence an increase in tourism.

Abstract After a historical evaluation of the theses of the renowned Spanish Arabist Miguel Asín Palacios, the study examines the Arabic concept of miʿrāj clarifying its points of difference with Dante’s ‘journey’. It then takes as an example a modern reworking of the prophetic miʿrāj, that of Mohammad Iqbal’s poem, Jāvīd nāme. The question of the relationship between Dante and the Arab world is then considered in the two interrelated fields of religion and philosophy of Greek origin (falsafa).

Resumen Tras una evaluación histórica de las tesis del célebre arabista español Miguel Asín Palacios, el estudio examina el concepto árabe de miʿrāŷ, aclarando sus puntos de diferencia con el ‘viaje’ de Dante. A continuación, toma como ejemplo una reelaboración moderna del miʿrāŷ profético, la del poema de Mohammad Iqbal, Ŷāvīd nāme. La cuestión de la relación entre Dante y el mundo árabe se plantea en los dos ámbitos interrelacionados de la religión y la filosofía de origen griego (falsafa).

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to contribute some ideas to the debate on the origin of the International Relations discipline. The argumentative line of the essay is that, due to the enormous impact of the First World War, the discipline of International Relations emerged formally, independently, and with its own identity, starting in 1919. In this sense, the essay states that the revisionists have not taken into account, with the necessary depth, the effect that this conflict had on establishing that date as the official appearance of this discipline. The text is divided into four parts. The first seeks to clarify the difference between the terms international relations and International Relations. The second part discusses the first studies linked to global affairs before 1919. The third part discusses the formal emergence of the discipline. The last section of the text explains the development and consolidation of the discipline after the Second World War.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es aportar algunas reflexiones en torno al debate sobre el origen de las Relaciones Internacionales. La línea argumentativa del texto es que, debido al enorme impacto que tuvo la Primera Guerra Mundial, la disciplina de Relaciones Internacionales surgió de manera formal, independiente y con identidad propia, a partir de 1919. En este sentido, el ensayo plantea que los revisionistas no han considerado, con la debida profundidad, el efecto que tuvo ese conflicto para su aparición oficial. El texto está dividido en cuatro partes. La primera busca aclarar la diferencia de los términos relaciones internacionales y Relaciones Internacionales. La segunda parte abona sobre los primeros estudios vinculados a los asuntos globales antes de 1919. La tercera parte discute el surgimiento formal de la disciplina. La última sección del texto explica el desarrollo y consolidación de las Relaciones Internacionales después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.