ABSTRACT Monitoring the movements of ruminant animals is one of the most challenging tasks. In animals that act according to their habits, it is difficult to label such movements and transfer them to farmers. Monitoring and recording the movement and behavior of animals on a farm is an adopted method for successfully determining the duration of the estrus cycle in ruminant animals. The Internet is a technology that offers remarkable solutions for such applications. The aim of this study is to determine the hourly step counts and to find the estrus period in the most accurate way with a circuit design applied to the ankles of animals using an IoT-supported microcontroller. The data is transferred to the web environment wirelessly and monitored via wi-fi communication signals. This wireless wearable and network equipment determines the step count and monitors the animal's abnormal body temperature. An IoT-supported microcontroller provides wireless communication, high-speed data transmission, and low power consumption. Insemination was ensured by testing different animals on the application farm. The data is monitored in real-time, and the system gives an alert. Low cost, high reliability, and being able to be watched over the internet are the advantages of the system. This study helped develop new techniques and provided a low-cost proposition for testing wearable technologies on animals. tasks habits farmers applications IoTsupported IoT supported wifi wi fi signals animal s temperature highspeed speed transmission consumption realtime, realtime real time, time real-time alert cost reliability lowcost

RESUMO A monitorização dos movimentos dos animais ruminantes é uma das tarefas mais difíceis. Em animais que agem de acordo com os seus hábitos, é difícil rotular esses movimentos e transferi-los para os agricultores. A monitorização e o registo dos movimentos e do comportamento dos animais numa exploração é um método adoptado para determinar com êxito a duração do ciclo de cio em animais ruminantes. A Internet é uma tecnologia que oferece soluções notáveis para tais aplicações. O objectivo deste estudo é determinar as contagens horárias de passos e encontrar o período de cio da forma mais precisa possível com um design de circuito aplicado aos tornozelos dos animais utilizando um microcontrolador suportado pela IoT. Os dados são transferidos para o ambiente Web sem fios e monitorizados através de sinais de comunicação wi-fi. Este equipamento vestível e de rede sem fios determina a contagem de passos e monitoriza a temperatura corporal anormal do animal. Um microcontrolador suportado pela IoT fornece comunicação sem fios, transmissão de dados a alta velocidade e baixo consumo de energia. A inseminação foi assegurada através de testes com diferentes animais na quinta de aplicação. Os dados são monitorizados em tempo real e o sistema emite um alerta. O baixo custo, a elevada fiabilidade e a possibilidade de ser observado através da Internet são as vantagens do sistema. Este estudo ajudou a desenvolver novas técnicas e forneceu uma proposta de baixo custo para testar tecnologias vestíveis em animais. difíceis hábitos transferilos transferi los agricultores aplicações wifi. wifi wi fi. fi wi-fi animal energia aplicação alerta

Resumen El Internet de las Cosas es una tecnología de gran aplicación por su versatilidad en áreas como la agronomía, las aplicaciones sanitarias y la industria. Además, la portabilidad hace que estos dispositivos sean asequibles. Las placas de desarrollo de IoT se comunican a través de mensajes transmitidos por Wi-Fi a través de Internet, según el funcionamiento interno de la placa de desarrollo de IoT, el consumo de energía puede variar en dicha transmisión. Además, este consumo podría cambiar si la placa se alimenta con diferentes fuentes de alimentación y la cantidad de mensajes transmitidos por Wi-Fi. Este documento proporciona una metodología para adquirir un perfil de energía al enviar datos (byte) mediante el protocolo de transporte de telemetría de cola de mensajes (MQTT) en la placa de desarrollo DEVKIT V1 NodeMCU-32 (ESP32). Se utilizaron tres fuentes de alimentación diferentes para la placa, una batería LiPo 3.7, un banco de energía USB de 5v y una batería recargable NiMh de 9V. El mayor consumo de corriente obtenido fue al utilizar una batería de 3.7, seguido de 5v y el menor consumo de corriente fue al utilizar 9v. Sin embargo, los resultados demuestran que cuando se usa la fuente de alimentación de 9v, el consumo de energía es dos veces mayor que cuando se usa la fuente de alimentación de 3,7v. Por lo tanto, la mejor fuente de voltaje para transmisión y consumo de energía utilizando una placa de desarrollo NodeMCU-32 será de 3,7 voltios.

Abstract Internet of Things is a highly applicable technology due to its versatility in areas such as agronomy, health applications, and industry. Besides, portability makes these devices affordable. IoT development boards communicate through Wi-Fi transmitted messages via the Internet, depending on the inner workings of the IoT development board, energy consumption can vary in such transmission. Furthermore, this consumption could change if the board is powered by different power supplies and the quantity of Wi-Fi transmitted messages. This paper provides a methodology to acquire an energy profile when sending data (byte) using Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol on DEVKIT V1 NodeMCU-32 (ESP32) development board. Three different power supplies were used for the board, a 3.7 LiPo Battery, 5v usb Power bank and 9V NiMh rechargeable battery. The higher current consumption obtained was using a 3.7 battery, followed by 5v and the lowest current consumption was when using 9v. However, results demonstrate that when using the 9v power supply the energy consumption is two times higher than using 3.7v. Therefore, the best voltage source for transmission and energy consumption using a NodeMCU-32 development board will be 3.7 volts.

RESUMEN La tecnología Wi-Fi está presente en universidades, restaurantes, pubs, alrededor del mundo, ganando así notorio espacio en los sistemas de comunicación especialmente debido a la mejora de las tecnologías inteligentes. Sin embargo, varios dispositivos pueden interferir con esta red, reduciendo o incluso provocando la pérdida de datos en las transferencias. La Interferencia Electromagnética (EMI) provocada por los equipos de iluminación es un fenómeno poco conocido y poco analizado en Brasil. El uso masivo de estas tecnologías necesita ser evaluado remarcando un análisis crítico de sus límites permitidos. Este estudio tiene como objetivo verificar y evaluar las posibles influencias que las tecnologías de iluminación pueden generar en las redes de comunicación (Wi-Fi) a través de la Interferencia Electromagnética (EMI). Para comprobar la influencia de los sistemas de iluminación en las redes Wi-Fi, el siguiente artículo es el resultado de varias pruebas bajo la influencia de siete tipos diferentes de fuentes de iluminación, entre trece muestras. Las pruebas se realizaron en un entorno blindado, en el LabLux - UFF (Laboratório de Luminotécnica da UFF), utilizando el software Iperf3.

ABSTRACT Wi-Fi technology is present in homes, universities, restaurants, and pubs worldwide, thus gaining notorious space in communication systems, especially due to smart technologies improvement. However, several devices can interfere with this network, reducing or even causing data loss on transferences. The Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) caused by lighting equipment is a bad-known and little-analyzed phenomenon in Brazil. The massive use of these technologies needs to be evaluated, remarking a critical analysis of its permitted limits. This study aims to verify and evaluate the possible influences that lighting technologies can generate on communication networks (Wi-Fi) through Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). The following article is the result of several tests under the influence of seven different types of lighting sources among thirteen samples to assess the influence of lighting systems on Wi-Fi networks. The tests were made in a shielded environment, on the LabLux - UFF (Laboratório de Luminotécnica da UFF), using the Iperf3 software.

Abstract: The primary goal of this research study is to measure and compare quality service metrics between light communication technology (Li-Fi), wired connection (Gigabit-Ethernet), and 2.4Hz wireless connection (Wi-Fi). Upload speed, packet download, and real time video are measured by using transfer tools and are monitored with specialized software. The results show stability in throughput and bandwidth for Li-Fi (23 Mbps), Gigabit-Ethernet (17 to 19 Mbps), and Wi-Fi (19 to 24 Mbps). Measured speeds are 6.6 to 6.9 Mbps for Li-Fi, 17 to 19 Mbps for Gigabit-Ethernet, and 19 to 24 Mbps for Wi-Fi. Power values differed by 11W between technologies. In conclusion, Li-Fi improves service quality without metric (throughput and bandwidth) oscillations in local networks, but with the caveat of consuming more power.

Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio es medir métricas de calidad de servicio para comparar la tecnología de comunicación por luz (Li-Fi) con la conexión por cable (Gigabit-Ethernet) y la conexión inalámbrica (Wi-Fi) en 2.4 GHz. Se utilizan herramientas en transferencia, midiendo velocidad de subida, descarga de paquetes y video en tiempo real, monitoreado por un software especializado. Los resultados muestran estabilidad en rendimiento y ancho de banda de 23 Mbps para Li-Fi, 17 a 19 Mbps para Gigabit-Ethernet y 19 a 24 Mbps para Wi-Fi. Se obtienen velocidades de 6.6 a 6.9 Mbps para Li-Fi, 17 a 19 Mbps para Gigabit-Ethernet y 19 a 24 Mbps para Wi-Fi. Comparación de valores de potencia muestra diferencia de 11W entre tecnologías. Se concluye que los equipos Li-Fi mejoran la calidad de servicio en redes locales, sin oscilaciones en métricas (rendimiento y ancho de banda), pero con el atenuante de que consumen más potencia.

Resumen Se presentó el desarrollo de una plataforma de ciberseguridad para vehículos aéreos no tripulados (uav, por sus siglas en inglés) o drones según la tecnología cyber-deception. Esta tecnología tiene como fundamento la creación deliberada de señuelos (honeypots) de fácil acceso y detección para detectar potenciales intrusos en el perímetro de una infraestructura crítica. Se explicó el modelo conceptual de la solución propuesta y la descripción detallada de cada uno de los procedimientos desarrollados, se implementó una metodología de desarrollo tecnológico, se llevaron a cabo procedimientos para la creación de señuelos en redes inalámbricas wifi y en bandas de radiofrecuencia (rf), y se incluyó la aproximación al desarrollo de un procedimiento de gps Spoofing. Este último fue explorado usando un equipo de radio definido por software (sdr, por sus siglas en inglés) para la suplantación de señales gps que permite la implementación de estrategias de defensa contra drones atacantes. Finalmente, se describe la plataforma web para monitorear los señuelos activos y para registrar los intentos de penetración. Estos registros de intento de penetración se almacenan en una blockchain desarrollada según la tecnología Ethereum. Se encontró que las redes inalámbricas wifi y de RF poseen vulnerabilidades que pueden ser explotadas por potenciales atacantes. También que el procedimiento gps Spoofing es mucho más complejo que los procedimientos por redes inalámbricas, pero que permitiría tomar acción sobre drones atacantes.

Abstract This document presents the development of a cybersecurity platform for unmanned aerial vehicles (uav), or drones, based on cyber-deception technology. This technology is based on the deliberate creation of easily accessible and detectable decoys (or honeypots) to detect potential intruders at the perimeter of a critical infrastructure. This document contains an explanation of the conceptual model of the proposed solution, and a detailed description of each of the developed procedures. A technological development methodology was implemented in this paper. Also, procedures were developed for the creation of honeypots in Wi-Fi wireless networks and in radio frequency bands, and the approach to the development of a gps spoofing procedure was included. The latter was explored using software defined radio equipment (sdr) for the impersonation of gps signals, which allows for the implementation of defense strategies against attacking drones. Finally, a web platform to monitor active decoys, and to register penetration attempts, is described. These penetration attempt records are stored in a blockchain, developed with basis on Ethereum technology. It was found that Wi-Fi and radio frequency wireless networks have vulnerabilities that can be exploited by potential attackers. Also, that the gps spoofing procedure is much more complex than procedures by wireless networks, but it would allow to take action on attacking drones.

ABSTRACT In the microwave-radiofrequency spectrum, Wi-Fi is a short-range wireless broadband technology, which transmits at a frequency of 2.5 GHz. This type of technology has been positioned itself as one of the most widely used technological advances in recent years. It has been reported that direct exposition to radiofrequencies can induce physiological changes in different animals and plants species. One of the degenerative effects that Wi-Fi can cause is the production of reactive oxygen species, inducing tissue damage and DNA alterations. In fungi, the effect of exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the UV spectrum has been extensively studied, the physiological effect to radiofrequencies such as Wi-Fi is unknown. In that sense, the aim of this study was to detect the main changes in metabolism of some acid fatty and ergosterol of the fungus Serpula himantioides, using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and evaluate the antioxidant activity of metabolites obtained from in vitro cultures of S. himantioides exposed to Wi-Fi at 2.5 GHz. The results showed an increment in the content of some the fatty acids and ergosterol, in total extracts from the fungus mycelium. Antioxidant analysis revealed that the total extracts of S. himantioides culture medium showed antioxidant capacity associated with an increment in the content of phenolic compounds. Our results suggest that direct exposition to Wi-Fi radiation produces oxidative damage by modifying cellular components in the fungus S. himantioides.

Abstract: Telecommunication devices such as ADSL modems or Wi-Fi routers are being widely used around the globe. Thermal management of such equipments are of critical importance as the increased power consumptions caused by technological upgrades results in increased heat generation within these systems. The heat transfer process inside such sealed and passively cooled equipments can be simplified as natural convection inside enclosures. Studying actual conditions inside electronic enclosure are necessary for their effective thermal management. This study aims at investigating the effect of non-isothermal heating inside such enclosures with linearly varying temperature distribution on free convection inside square enclosure. The issue of free convection of air interior of a square chamber with linearly varying temperature distributions on the left partition is studied numerically. The effect of change of Rayleigh number, temperature distributions, on flow and temperature field and rate of transfer of heat are analyzed. Rayleigh number is chosen to vary in between 103 and 106. Four different cases of linearly varying temperature distributions are considered. The outcomes are presented as stream line plot, isotherm contour and average Nusselt number. The outcomes depicted that case of linearly increasing temperature along the height gives higher Nusselt number than other cases.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Training of human resources skilled in the use of information and communications technologies is an important task, particularly in medical sciences studies, which are under permanent updating. Objective: Identify the use that dental students make of social networks and scientific information resources. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted of 65 students by means of an anonymous validated self-applied questionnaire. The main variable analyzed was the use of social networks and information resources. A definition was achieved for frequent use of the information source and whether it was accessed at least once a week. The remaining options were viewed as infrequent use. Other socioeducational variables of interest were also studied. Results: Total participants were 65 students, with a predominance of the female sex. Google and SciELO were the best known information resources. Of the students surveyed, 89.23% had a profile on the social network Facebook. Of these, 62.07% use it to conduct some sort of academic activity and only 12.07% perceive it as a source of leisure. Ten students (15.38%) reported awareness of the pirate website Sci-Hub. Availability of modern computers, Wi-fi technology and a virtual library at universities was significantly associated to access to many of the information resources studied. Conclusions: There is considerable unawareness of most of the search engines evaluated. Google and SciELO were the information resources consulted at least once a week. The presence of certain logistic conditions at universities was significantly associated to access to many of the databases evaluated.

RESUMEN Introducción: la formación de recursos humanos competentes en el empleo de las tecnologías de la informática y las comunicaciones es importante, sobre todo en las carreras de ciencias médicas, que se encuentran en permanente actualización. Objetivo: identificar el uso que los estudiantes de estomatología hacen de las redes sociales y recursos de información científica. Métodos: estudio transversal-analítico realizado en 65 estudiantes que recibieron un cuestionario anónimo, validado y autoadministrado. La variable principal fue el uso de redes sociales y recursos de información. Se definió el uso frecuente de la fuente de información, si accedía a ella cuando menos una vez a la semana, las otras opciones fueron consideradas como uso no frecuente. Se estudiaron otras variables socioeducativas de interés. Resultados: participaron 65 estudiantes, en los cuales predominó el sexo femenino. Google y SciELO fueron los recursos de información más conocidos. El 89,23 % de los estudiantes tiene perfil en la red social Facebook: el 62,07 % la utiliza para realizar algún tipo de actividad académica y solo el 12,07 % la percibe como fuente generadora de distracción. Diez estudiantes (15,38 %) declararon conocer el sitio web pirata Sci-Hub. El tener computadoras modernas, tecnología Wi-fi y biblioteca virtual en las universidades estuvo asociado significativamente al acceso a muchos de los recursos de información estudiados. Conclusiones: existe un elevado desconocimiento de la mayoría de los buscadores evaluados. Google y SciELO fueron los recursos de información consultados al menos una vez por semana. La presencia de determinadas condiciones logísticas en las universidades se asoció significativamente al acceso a muchas de las bases de datos evaluadas.

Among the most innovative and promising technologies at present time appears without place to doubts Li-Fi (Light-Fidelity), a technology based on high-speed data transmission using visible or infrared light, a complement to Wi-Fi based solutions for broadband access in diverse indoor or ad-hoc environments. The estimation of wireless optical channel parameters in such environments is of great importance for the prediction and optimization of such systems. Traditionally efforts have been made in this direction: the simplified analysis of empty scenarios, that is, devoid of furniture or obstacles of any kind typically present in offices and working environments where Li-Fi access systems would be deployed. The present work proposes the application of a general model of simulation of the propagation of optical signals in the wireless channel, developed previously by the authors and based on Monte Carlo ray-tracing and the use of bidirectional reflectance functions (TRM-B model), applied to enriched virtual environments, that is to say, digitally synthesized 3D environments that recreate with more precision the characteristics of real deployment scenarios, which allows a more accurate estimation of the channel parameters and its performance for Li-Fi systems.

Entre las tecnologías más innovadoras de la actualidad aparece sin lugar a dudas Li-Fi (Light-Fidelity por sus siglas en inglés), una tecnología basada en la transmisión de datos a alta velocidad empleando la luz visible o infrarroja, la cual se presenta como un complemento a las soluciones basadas en Wi-Fi para accesos de banda ancha en entornos interiores o ad-hoc diversos. La estimación de los parámetros del canal óptico inalámbrico en dichos entornos es de gran importancia para la predicción del comportamiento y optimización de sistemas de este tipo. Tradicionalmente los esfuerzos en este sentido se han encaminado al análisis simplificado sobre escenarios vacíos, desprovistos de mobiliario u obstáculos de cualquier tipo típicamente presentes en oficinas y entornos de trabajo donde serían desplegados por excelencia sistemas de acceso Li-Fi. El presente trabajo propone la aplicación de un modelo general de simulación de la propagación de señales ópticas en el canal inalámbrico, desarrollado previamente por los autores y basado en el trazado de rayos de Monte Carlo modificado y el uso de funciones de reflectancia bidireccional (modelo TRM-B), sobre entornos virtuales enriquecidos, o sea, entornos tridimensionales sintetizados digitalmente que recrean con mayor precisión las características de los escenarios reales de despliegue, lo cual permite estimar con mayor exactitud los parámetros del canal y su rendimiento para sistemas Li-Fi.

Resumen La velocidad en las redes de datos se ve afectada significativamente cuando la red soporta aplicaciones que implican la transmisión de datos en tiempo real. Esta degradación se da justamente por la cantidad de información que se maneja en este tipo de aplicaciones y por el proceso de fragmentación de datos que requieren. Debido a esta degradación de la velocidad sobre la red, en los últimos años se ha avanzado considerablemente el rendimiento en la transmisión de datos sobre los enlaces físicos con el fin de mejorar las condiciones de calidad de servicio sobre estas aplicaciones, debido principalmente a que las nuevas capacidades que se requieren en la nueva estructura de datos hace que sea necesario analizar algún tipo de mejoras en el rendimiento. Se busca realizar un análisis matemático, de tipo probabilístico, para primero analizar el tipo de entrega de paquetes que realiza la tecnología Wi-Fi descrita en el estándar 802.11 y, de esta manera, buscar la posibilidad de incrementar el valor de la unidad máxima de transferencia, sobre estas redes. El proyecto muestra que si la capacidad del canal es la misma, pero cambia la distancia de transmisión, el valor de la relación T/C será el mismo, sólo cambiando el tiempo de propagación según los cambios en la distancia y se concluye que los parámetros de capacidad y distancia no afectan la relación T/C, dejando ver que el BER es el parámetro clave en esta relación.

Abstract Speed in data networks is affected significantly when the network supports applications that imply real-time data transmission. This degradation is given precisely by the amount of information used in these types of applications and by the data fragmentation process required. Due to this degradation of speed over the network, in recent years, data transmission performance has advanced considerably over the physical links to improve the conditions of quality of service over these applications, mainly because the new skills required in the new data structure makes it necessary to analyze some types of performance improvements. A probabilistic-type mathematical analysis is sought to, first, analyze the type of packet delivery by the Wi-Fi technology described in the 802.11 standard and, thus, seek the possibility of increasing the value of the maximum transfer unit on these networks. The project shows that if the channel capacity is the same, but transmission distance changes, the value of the throughput capacity (T/C) ratio will be the same, only changing the propagation time according to changes in distance and it is concluded that the capacity and distance parameters do not affect the T/C ratio, evidencing that the bit error rate is the key parameter in this relation.

Abstract This paper surveys how the incorporation of educational technology tools benefits the learning process in the classrooms of the Undergraduate Degree Program in Visual Communication Design in the Department of Art, Architecture and Design at the University of Guadalajara, Mexico. The model for technological outfitting consisted of 80 inch screens, video conference equipment, Wi-Fi and cloud storage to support the activities of both professors and students. This paper analyzes the relevance of this equipment and its contribution to academic development in this undergraduate degree program. We present the characteristics of the remodel and the installation of technology tools in classrooms in a Department of the University of Guadalajara. Technology tools have become necessary in the academic spaces of educational institutions and the incorporation of technology in traditional pedagogical models optimizes the teaching-learning process.

Resumen En el presente trabajo, se exploran los beneficios para los procesos de aprendizaje, de la incorporación de equipos para el uso de TIC en aulas de la Licenciatura en Diseño Gráfico del Centro Universitario de Arte, Arquitectura y Diseño (CUAAD) de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México. El modelo de equipamiento tecnológico estuvo compuesto por pantallas de 80 pulgadas, equipo de videoconferencia, red inalámbrica y permanencia en la nube para apoyar las actividades del profesor y del alumno. Se analiza la pertinencia del uso de estas herramientas y sus aportes a la formación académica en la mencionada licenciatura. Se presentan las características de la remodelación e instalación de equipo tecnológico en las aulas de un centro universitario de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Actualmente, el equipamiento tecnológico en los espacios académicos se ha vuelto necesario en las instituciones educativas, pues la incorporación de tecnologías a modelos pedagógicos tradicionales permite optimizar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje.

Resumo Apresenta-se o Projeto CyberParks para discutir a relação entre o uso de meios digitais (smartphones, conexões wi-fi etc.) em espaços públicos (parques, jardins, praças etc.) e a contribuição das novas tecnologias para qualificar e aumentar a participação de usuários na sua produção e manutenção. CyberParks é guiado pelas questões: (1) Como as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) afetam o uso do espaço público? (2) Quais são os riscos associados à recente, mas acelerada, dinâmica de difusão das TIC no espaço urbano? (3) Como os usos identificados se enquadram no conceito de sociedade virtual? Em suma, trata-se de investigar a contribuição das TIC na transformação das cidades em contextos mais inclusivos, e não somente mais high tech. O projeto objetiva desvendar o papel das TIC na produção e no desenho de espaços híbridos. Uma premissa é aumentar o conhecimento das possibilidades que as TIC abrem para uma melhor compreensão da forma como as pessoas usam esses espaços. Discutem-se o âmbito e a pertinência da perspectiva de estudo focada na relação entre TIC e espaço público, apresentando objetivos do Projeto CyberParks. Em sequência, problematizam-se algumas das principais linhas de investigação, apresentando os resultados de um estudo de caso desenvolvido em Lisboa, Portugal.

Abstract In this paper we use the European research project CyberParks to discuss the relationship between digital media (smart phones, tablets, wi-fi network) and its use in public open spaces (parks, gardens, squares, etc.) and the contribution of the emerging technologies to improve the quality, production, and maintenance of open spaces through more extensive participation by users. The leading questions of CyberParks are: (1) how ICT affect the use of public space; (2) what are the risks associated with an increasing aggregation of ICT into public spaces; and (3) how new uses contribute to a virtual society concept. In summary: how ICT transform our cities into more inclusive places, rather than just higher tech. The projects seeks to better understand the role of ICT in the production and design of public spaces, and what possibilities they open to increase the understanding of how people use public spaces. The reflection discusses the scope and relevance of the relationship between ICT and public space, followed by the key features and objectives of the CyberParks Project. In sequence, some of the main research lines are discussed from the conceptual framework that guides the project, to finally discuss some preliminary results of a case study conducted in Lisbon.

This article shows the results of the intervention in the communes of La Granja, Santiago and Nunoa belonging to the province of Santiago, in Chile. Such intervention reached the 1200 surveys to observe the perception of citizens regarding electromagnetic technologies and how are you impact their well-being. The operation was performed based on four dimensions: (i) Conscientious Use; (ii) Technology; (iii) Health; and (iv) Utility. The sample was characterized by age groups, educational level and working area. The results allows observing that there is a cognitive dissonance in different groups because they mention the importance of electromagnetic technology and at the same time recognize that they perceive the same technology as harmful to their health. This phenomenon is due to the High introduiction of the technologu in our daily life and the absence of education with respect to the usefulness of the technological device and with respect to the necessity of their use.

El presente artículo muestra los resultados de la intervención en las comunas de La Granja, Santiago y Ñuñoa pertenecientes a la provincia de Santiago, Chile. Dicha intervención alcanzó las 1200 encuestas para observar la percepción de la ciudadanía respecto de las tecnologías electromagnéticas y como estas impactan en su bienestar. La intervención se realizó basada en cuatro dimensiones: (i) Uso Consciente; (ii) Tecnología; (iii) Salud; y (iv) Utilidad. La muestra se caracterizó a través de los grupos etarios, nivel educativo y área laboral. Los resultados permiten observar que existe una disonancia cognitiva en los diferentes grupos debido a que mencionan lo importante que es la tecnología electromagnética y a la vez reconocen que ellos perciben la misma tecnología como dañina a su salud. Este fenómeno se produce por la alta introducción de la tecnología en la vida cotidiana y la ausencia de educación no solo sobre la utilidad del artefacto tecnológico sino también sobre la necesidad de su uso.

The use of wireless local area networks, called WLANs, as well as the proliferation of the use of multimedia applications have grown rapidly in recent years. Some factors affect the quality of service (QoS) received by the user and interference is one of them. This work presents strategies for planning and performance evaluation through an empirical study of the QoS parameters of a voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) application in an interference network, as well as the relevance in the design of wireless networks to determine the coverage area of an access point, taking into account several parameters such as power, jitter, packet loss, delay, and PMOS. Another strategy is based on a hybrid approach that considers measuring and Bayesian inference applied to wireless networks, taking into consideration QoS parameters. The models take into account a cross layer vision of networks, correlating aspects of the physical environment, on the signal propagation (power or distance) with aspects of VoIP applications (e.g., jitter and packet loss). Case studies were carried out for two indoor environments and two outdoor environments, one of them displaying main characteristics of the Amazon region (e.g., densely arboreous environments). This last test bed was carried out in a real system because the Government of the State of Pará has a digital inclusion program called NAVEGAPARÁ.

The global positioning system (GPS) is an important research topic to solve outdoor positioning problems, but GPS is unable to locate objects accurately and precisely indoors. Some available systems apply ultrasound or optical tracking. This paper presents an efficient proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller with curve fitting model for mobile robot localization and position estimation which adopts passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags in a space. This scheme is based on a mobile robot carries an RFID reader module which reads the installed low-cost passive tags under the floor in a grid-like pattern. The PID controllers increase the efficiency of captured RFID tags and the curve fitting model is used to systematically identify the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the motor. We control and monitor the position of the robot from a remote location through a mobile phone via Wi-Fi and Bluetooth network. Experiment results present that the number of captured RFID tags of our proposed scheme outperforms that of the previous scheme.