Abstract. From an interpretative perspective, we reflect on the dichotomous and predominantly urban character of night in its broad sense. Through the analysis of the relationship between urban space and performance, we propose to examine the uses and meanings -both sym bolic and social- of urban night, which are expressed through lived experiences in a social space and time characterized by differentiated access, inequalities, and specific imaginaries that particularize and diversify cultural practices. Although the vast diversity and totality of nocturnal practices are evidently unmanageable, we introduce a methodological tool for their approach and analysis: a distinction between two broad, interrelated, complementary spheres with liminal boundaries that allow us to differentiate the uses and meanings of night, with an emphasis on labor practices. These spheres are: the private/everyday night (the nocturnal - noctis) and the social night that disrupts everyday margins (nocturnality - noctem).

Resumen. A partir de una perspectiva interpretativa, reflexionamos sobre el carácter dicotómico y predominantemente urbano de la noche en su sentido amplio. Mediante el análisis de la relación entre espacio urbano y performan ce, proponemos abordar los usos y significados -simbólicos y sociales- de la noche urbana, expresados a través de la experiencia vivida en un espacio y tiempo social cuyos accesos diferenciados, desigualdades e imaginarios particularizan y diversifican las prácticas culturales. Así, aunque la gran diversidad y totalidad de las prácticas nocturnas resulta evidentemente inabarcable, introducimos como herramienta metodológica para el acercamiento y su análisis, una distinción entre dos amplias esferas interrelacionadas, complementarias y con fronteras liminales que nos permiten diferenciar los usos y significados de la noche con énfasis en las prácticas laborales: la noche privada / cotidiana (lo nocturno - noctis) y la noche social que trastoca los márgenes cotidianos (la nocturnidad - noctem).

Os movimentos de luta por amplificação dos direitos, entre eles o direito à moradia, marcam a transição democrática brasileira dos anos 1980 e têm grande impacto nas relações estabelecidas nas cidades brasileiras, em especial nas grandes metrópoles, onde a questão da moradia é atravessada por uma intensa disputa comercial de especulação imobiliária que precariza as condições de vivência dos ocupantes urbanos e dá luz as disputas daqueles que almejam moradia digna e melhores condições nas cidades. Em vistas disso, o presente artigo busca entender as dinâmicas existentes entre os movimentos sociais por moradia, em especial o MTST em Uberlândia-MG, e os fiéis evangélicos, analisando como o pentecostalismo elabora e reelabora a vivência dos ocupantes nesse espaço. Desde os anos 1990, com a ascensão dos grupos pentecostais nos espaços urbanos, novas dinâmicas sociais emergiram, redefinindo esses lugares que passam a se configurar a partir de outras maneiras e se constroem com e a partir desses novos atores, mas de que forma isso ocorre? Quais interesses estão em jogo? A pesquisa, ainda em andamento, inclui a aplicação de Survey para mapear características dos ocupantes, como renda, saúde, educação e preferências políticas, observação-participante na ocupação durante o ano de 2024 e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas recortando apenas evangélicos. Os dados provisórios revelam que 45% dos ocupantes são evangélicos, 65% dos respondentes não possuem preferência partidária e há uma significativa taxa de não votantes, mesmo em um movimento social ligado a um partido político (PSOL). 

The movements fighting to expand rights, including the right to housing, marked Brazil's democratic transition in the 1980s and had a major impact on the relationships established in Brazilian cities, especially in the large metropolises, where the issue of housing is crossed by an intense commercial dispute over real estate speculation that makes the living conditions of urban occupants precarious and gives rise to disputes among those who want decent housing and better conditions in the cities. In view of this, this article seeks to understand the dynamics between social movements for housing, especially the MTST in Uberlândia-MG, and the evangelical faithful, analyzing how Pentecostalism elaborates and re-elaborates the experience of the occupants in this space. Since the 1990s, with the rise of pentecostal groups in urban spaces, new social dynamics have emerged, redefining these places that are now configured based on other ways and are built with and from these new actors, but how does this happen? What interests are at stake? The research, which is still in progress, includes a survey to map the characteristics of the occupants, such as income, health, education and political preferences, participant observation in the occupation during the year 2024 and semi-structured interviews with only evangelicals. The provisional data shows that 45% of the occupiers are evangelicals, 65% of the respondents have no party preference and there is a significant rate of non-voters, even in a social movement linked to a political party (PSOL).

Abstract In this article, we recover and expand our lenses on the research experience in dialogue with a part of María Bertely's production. To do this, and about the academic spaces that we shared with María, we return to some nodal analyses and reflections around the lines of research that we have developed for several decades regarding indigenous schooling in urban and migration contexts in Mexico. Every day, this field of study becomes more important in the face of the growing migration of the indigenous population to the various cities of the national territory. Among its multiple causes and consequences, both structural and cyclical, we analyze its links and implications with the schooling context, mainly in this text referring to elementary education considering national and international public policies. Bertely was a pioneer in studies that addressed the relationship between school and indigenous migration in urban contexts. In the fabric of these debates, the authors developed a series of investigations that make visible the right to education with cultural and linguistic recognition, mainly of indigenous populations in schools of the general system of the national territory. The text, more than reflecting a state of knowledge on the subject, documents certain journeys that refer to epistemic and methodological transformations that occurred in educational anthropological research. Likewise, it seeks to contribute to public policies in the education, diversity, and interculturalism field, an approach that currently guides the entire educational system in Mexico.

Resumen En este artículo recuperamos y ampliamos nuestras lentes sobre la experiencia de investigación en diálogo con una parte de la producción de María Bertely. Para ello, y en referencia a los espacios académicos que compartimos con María, retomamos algunos análisis y reflexiones nodales en torno a las líneas de investigación que hemos desarrollado desde hace varias décadas referente a escolarización indígena en contextos urbanos y de migración en México. Este campo de estudio cobra cada día mayor importancia ante la creciente migración de población indígena a las diversas urbes del territorio nacional. Entre sus múltiples causas y consecuencias, tanto estructurales como coyunturales, analizamos sus vínculos e implicaciones con el contexto escolarizado, principalmente en este texto referido a la educación básica, a la luz de las políticas públicas nacionales e internacionales. Bertely fue pionera en los estudios que abordaron la relación entre escuela y migración indígena en contextos urbanos. En el tejido de estos debates, las autoras desarrollamos una serie de investigaciones que visibilizan el derecho a la educación con reconocimiento cultural y lingüístico, y en particular de poblaciones indígenas en escuelas del sistema general del territorio nacional. El trabajo, más que reflejar un estado del conocimiento sobre el tema, documenta ciertos recorridos que refieren a transformaciones epistémicas y metodológicas ocurridas en la investigación antropológica educativa. Asimismo, busca contribuir a las políticas públicas en el campo de la educación y la diversidad e intercultural, enfoque que en la actualidad orienta a todo el sistema educativo en México.

Resumen Nos proponemos analizar las articulaciones entre la perspectiva etnográfica y la cartografía social de una experiencia de investigación colaborativa centrada en la reconstrucción de los cuidados comunitarios en salud que se vienen desplegando en algunos barrios periurbanos de Posadas tras la pandemia de COVID–19. Para ello, retomamos las discusiones del campo de estudios de los cuidados, género y el reconocimiento de derechos y explicitamos el encuadre desde el cual delineamos la modalidad de trabajo con referentes de la Coordinadora de Trabajadores Desocupados Aníbal Verón. Luego, nos detenemos en las vinculaciones entre la etnografía y la cartografía social como modo de producir conocimiento de carácter procesual y colaborativo. Si bien ambas vías de acceso a la configuración de los territorios vividos provienen de disciplinas distintas (antropología y geografía social), consideramos que retroalimentan las posibilidades de articular la participación de las/os interlocutores en el hacer investigativo–reflexivo sobre las problemáticas de salud.

Abstract We propose to analyze the articulations between the ethnographic perspective and the social cartography of a collaborative research experience focused on the reconstruction of community health care that has been deployed in some peri–urban neighborhoods of Posadas, after the COVID–19 pandemic. To this end, we recapitulate the discussions of the field of studies of care, gender and the recognition of rights, making explicit the knowledge in which we delineate the modality of work with the referents of the Coordinadora de Trabajadores Desocupados Aníbal Verón. Then, we delve into the connections between ethnography and social cartography as a means to produce procedural and collaborative knowledge. Although both pathways to configuring lived territories becoming from different disciplines (anthropology and social geography), we believe they encourage the possibilities of feedback between the interlocutors in the investigative–reflexive process about health issues.

Resumo Propomo-nos analisar as articulações entre a perspectiva etnográfica e a cartografia social de uma experiência de pesquisa colaborativa centrada na reconstrução dos cuidados comunitários em saúde que vêm se desenvolvendo em alguns bairros periurbanos de Posadas, após a pandemia COVID-19.

Abstract This article is a critical reflexivity approach of our own ethnographic research on SARS-CoV-2 infection carried out during 2020-2021. Experiences, narratives, interpretations and policies for the diagnosis and control of the circulation of the virus in three cities of different urban scale in Argentina are analyzed here. Carried out in the post-pandemic, our analysis aims to converge experiences, tellings and policies to make significant contributions to the study and understanding of the health phenomenon from social anthropology, offering recommendations for the planning and management of future and probable confinements. We conclude that our contribution as social scientists is the understanding of the health phenomenon within the framework of structural inequalities, emerging the need to plan prevention due to confinement at micro, meso and macro social scales. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- 20202021. 20202021 2020 2021. 2021 2020-2021 Experiences narratives here postpandemic, postpandemic post pandemic, pandemic post-pandemic experiences anthropology confinements inequalities micro scales SARS-CoV 2020202 202 2020-202 202020 20 2020-20 20202 2020-2 2020-

Resumen Este artículo es un ejercicio de reflexividad sobre investigaciones etnográficas propias de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 realizadas en 2020-2021. Se analizan aquí experiencias, narrativas y políticas de diagnóstico y control de la circulación del virus en tres ciudades de diferente escala urbana de Argentina. Realizado en la postpandemia, nuestro análisis se propone aportar al estudio del fenómeno sanitario desde la antropología social, ofreciendo recomendaciones para la planificación y gestión de futuros y probables confinamientos. Concluimos que nuestra contribución como científicas sociales es la comprensión del fenómeno sanitario en el marco de desigualdades estructurales, emergiendo la necesidad de planificar la prevención por confinamiento a escalas micro, meso y macro sociales. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- 20202021. 20202021 2020 2021. 2021 2020-2021 experiencias Argentina postpandemia social confinamientos estructurales micro SARS-CoV 2020202 202 2020-202 202020 20 2020-20 20202 2020-2 2020-

Abstract. To address the issue of the urban Anthropocene, it is proposed to inquire into memories, socio-ecological practices, and collaborative relationships among living ecosystems. Based on ethnographic work and secondary sources from three urban situations in Santiago de Chile -garden, square, and third ruderal landscape- the objective is to understand the collaborative interaction between the human and the non-human. The working hypothesis suggests that it is in the expressive and collaborative gestures of subjectivities, desires, and imag inaries that transformative, ecologically sustainable capacities emerge, opening the way to public spaces in cohabitation with living ecosystems. It is concluded that although the three experiences have not been integrated by urban policies, they constitute political exercises and acts of vita activa in the face of urban ecological crisis, opening paths for a collaborative anthropology framed within an ecology of diverse practices and knowledge.

Resumen. Para tratar el problema del Antropoceno urbano se propone interrogar las memorias, las prácticas socioecológicas y las relaciones colaborativas entre ecosistemas vivos. A partir del trabajo etnográfico y fuentes secundarias de tres situaciones urbanas en Santiago de Chile -jardín, plaza y tercer paisaje ruderal-, el objetivo es comprender la interacción colaborativa entre lo humano y lo no-humano. La hipótesis de trabajo plantea que es en los gestos expresivos y colaborativos de subjetividades, deseos e imaginarios que surgen capacidades transformadoras, ecológicamente sustentables y que abren el camino hacia espacios públicos en cohabitación entre ecosistemas vivos. Se concluye que a pesar de que las tres experiencias no han sido integradas por las políticas urbanas, estas constituyen ejercicios políticos y de vita activa frente a la crisis ecológica urbana, lo que abre vías para una antropología colaborativa que se enmarca en una ecología de las prácticas y saberes diversos.

Abstract After the end of the Cold War and the Soviet bloc, the 1990’s promised the expansion of capitalism to the most remote corners of the planet. Globalization was the way economic liberalism assumed this purpose by ensuring that economies and cultures, states or regions abandoned particularisms of history to be global protagonists of the change that was announced. After the crises of the neoliberal model that inaugurated the 21st century, globalization and development became anachronic concepts and unable to fulfill future projects at different scales. In these deep crises intolerance and the far right also gain space on a global level. War and political violence are normalized and constitute greater threats to social life. Through ethnography in two differentiated contexts - one urban and in the north of Portugal, and the other in the Pyrenees mountains of Aragon - we observe forgotten territories of this process of globalization and people who have chosen to turn their lives into utopias made concrete in the reciprocity and solidarity of collective constructions. It is in these ethnographic examples that anthropology can be found in the diversity of social experience and in the possible paths that, after all, have never ceased to be traversed in the world that exists now.

Resumo Após o fim da Guerra Fria e do bloco soviético, os anos 90 do século passado prometeram a expansão do capitalismo aos mais recônditos cantos do planeta. A globalização era a forma como o liberalismo económico assumia esse propósito garantindo que economias e culturas, estados ou regiões abandonavam particularismos da história para serem protagonistas globais da mudança que se anunciava. Após as crises do modelo neoliberal que inauguraram o século XXI, globalização e desenvolvimento tornaram-se conceitos anacrónicos e incapazes de cumprir projetos de futuro em diferentes escalas. Nessas crises profundas a intolerância e a extrema-direita ganham espaço também ao nível global. A guerra e violência política normalizam-se e constituem-se como ameaças maiores para a vida social. Através da etnografia em dois contextos diferenciados - um urbano no Norte de Portugal e outro nas montanhas dos Pirenéus de Aragão - observamos territórios esquecidos desse processo de globalização e pessoas que optaram por fazer das suas vidas utopias tornadas concretas na reciprocidade e na solidariedade das construções coletivas. É nestes exemplos etnográficos que a antropologia se poderá encontrar na diversidade da experiência social e nos caminhos possíveis que, afinal, não deixaram nunca de ser percorridos no mundo que existe agora.

Abstract: This article aims to provide an engaged analysis of some of the main works and themes addressed by Patricia Birman throughout her career. The text highlights her contributions to Brazilian Anthropology, focusing on her studies of Religion and Urban Peripheries. Prioritizing Birman's intellectual operation of the ideas of borders, plots, and entanglements, the article addresses issues regarding the religious and the secular; religion and public space; territories, violence, and urban plots; and the boundaries of the human. This work is a tribute in the form of an academic and affective textual record of a dialogue between Patricia Birman and the author of the text, who was her student, and whose work is marked by these questions. Abstract career Anthropology Peripheries Birmans s borders plots entanglements secular space territories violence human student questions

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo registrar uma análise interessada de alguns dos principais trabalhos e temas tratados por Patricia Birman ao longo de sua carreira. O texto dá destaque às suas contribuições para a Antropologia Brasileira, a partir de seus estudos sobre Religião e Periferias Urbanas. Priorizando a operação intelectual de Birman das ideias de fronteiras, tramas e emaranhados, o artigo aborda questões sobre o religioso e o secular; religião e espaço público; territórios, violências e tramas urbanas; e as fronteiras do humano. Este trabalho é uma homenagem na forma de um registro textual acadêmico e afetivo de um diálogo entre Patricia Birman e a autora do texto que foi sua orientanda, e cujo trabalho é marcado por estas questões. Resumo carreira Brasileira Urbanas emaranhados secular público territórios urbanas humano orientanda

Abstract: In this article I seek to recover part of the trajectory of anthropologist Patricia Birman, highlighting her analytical journey from the field of Anthropology of Religion to that of Urban Anthropology, motivated by her ethical-political commitment to the issues present in the Brazilian public space and the precariousness experienced by populations on the "margins". Abstract Birman ethicalpolitical ethical political margins. margins . "margins" "margins

Resumo: Neste artigo busco recuperar parte da trajetória da antropóloga Patricia Birman, destacando seu percurso analítico do campo da Antropologia da Religião para o da Antropologia Urbana, motivado por seu compromisso ético-político com as questões presentes no espaço público brasileiro e as precariedades vividas pelas populações de “margem”. Resumo Birman Urbana éticopolítico ético político margem. margem . “margem” “margem

Abstract Our proposal is to conduct an ethnographic, conceptual, comparative debate concerning the sportiveness of watching, beginning with sociological and emic categories that describe the performance of supporters’ clubs in a specific sport, professional football. We will focus on the ‘games’ between categories that define the spheres of ‘rooting for’ (a team) in a Brazilian urban context and then contrast these with performances of ‘rooting for’ (a fighter) in another sports landscape, an Amerindian form of ritual combat that takes place during the interethnic rituals of egitsü (Quarup) in Upper Xingu, Brazil. The dialectical relationship between playing and rooting for, mediated by watching, constitutes what we define as a ‘model of relationships’, an analytical and ethnographic construct used to problematise analyses that assume rooting for as a subsidiary and/or epiphenomenal condition of playing. conceptual watching supporters sport football ‘games games team fighter landscape Quarup (Quarup Xingu Brazil model relationships, relationships , relationships’ andor or

Resumo Nossa proposta é realizar um debate etnográfico, conceitual e comparativo em torno da esportividade do olhar, partindo de categorias sociológicas e êmicas que descrevem a atuação de coletivos torcedores numa modalidade específica, o futebol profissional. Focaremos os “jogos” entre categorias que definem as esferas do torcer num contexto urbano brasileiro para em seguida contrastar às performances do torcer em outra paisagem esportificada, uma luta corporal ameríndia que ocorre durantes os rituais interétnicos do egitsü (Quarup) no Alto-Xingu/BR. A relação dialética entre jogar e torcer, mediada pelo olhar, compõe aquilo que definimos por “modelo das relações”, constructo analítico e etnográfico utilizado para problematizar análises que tomam o torcer como condição subsidiária e ou epifenomênica do jogar. olhar específica profissional jogos “jogos esportificada Quarup (Quarup AltoXingu/BR. AltoXinguBR Alto Xingu/BR. Xingu BR Alto-Xingu/BR modelo relações, relações , relações” AltoXingu AltoXingu/BR XinguBR Xingu/BR

ABSTRACT This article exposes the process of conceptualization, production and editing of the documentary Maferefun Eggun by the director Maria Camila Maury, where from an anthropological approach, she gives an account of the identity reconfigurations in a neighborhood of Havana. The study and audiovisual work dialogues with three black women in the third age of their lives. While drinking coffee, they narrate their daily lives in communion with the geographical space they inhabit, their houses in Los Sitios neighborhood. The creation of the audiovisual uses ethnography, in which techniques and instruments assist the plot and, at the same time, accumulate as material for editing. Memory and context come together in the story and the neighborhood along with the characterization of particular phenomena in the lives of three protagonists: Tomasa, Estela and Norma.

RESUMEN El presente artículo expone el proceso de conceptualización, producción y montaje del documental Maferefun Eggun de la realizadora María Camila Maury, donde desde un enfoque antropológico, da cuenta de las reconfiguraciones identitarias en un barrio de La Habana. El estudio y obra audiovisual dialoga con tres mujeres negras en la tercera edad de sus vidas. Mientras toman café, narran su cotidianidad en comunión con el espacio geográfico que habitan, sus casas en el Barrio de Los Sitios. La creación del audiovisual utiliza la etnografía, en que las técnicas e instrumentos asisten a la trama y, al mismo tiempo, se acumulan como material para el montaje. Memoria y contexto se juntan en el relato y el barrio junto a la caracterización de fenómenos particulares en la vida de tres sujetos protagónicos: Tomasa, Estela y Norma.

Resumen. Este artículo propone un recorrido por las narrativas de identidad y territorialización de nueve jóvenes habitantes del Conglomerado Oriente de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. La investigación buscó comprender la experiencia de la marginalidad urbana y los elementos que la componen. Como resultado se encontraron cuatro núcleos de significado en los relatos: el movimiento permanente, la maleabilidad del territorio, la domesticación de la incertidumbre y el silenciamiento de lo étnico. Se plantea, además, la riqueza y vigencia del concepto de marginalidad, así como la necesidad de profundizar en los estudios sobre este fenómeno desde la experiencia vivida.

Abstract. This article proposes a route through the narratives about identity and territorialization of nine young inhabitants of the Eastern Cluster in Cali, Colombia. This research sought to understand the urban marginality experience and the elements that compose it. As a result, we found four core meanings in these narratives: a permanent movement; territorial malleability; the domestication of uncertainty, and the silencing of ethnicity. In addition, this research explores the richness and contemporary validity within the concept of marginality, as well as the need to deepen the research on this phenomenon from the lived experience.

Abstract In Jean Rouch’s meeting with Manoel de Oliveira, the latter situated him and his cinema as more African than European, and Jocelyne Rouch identified him with the title of the film Moi, un Noir (I, a Negro; Rouch, 1958) - that is him. Rouch is also an engineer at Ponts et Chaussées. No wonder his cinema reflects the poetry of iron and steel, as does Manoel de Oliveira’s. Rouch’s bridges and paths are also connecting people, cultures and societies. The relationship of the real as imagined in his films - fascination with authentic Dogon rites and possession phenomena and modern anthropology focused on displaced people, migrants living in big cities, and urban life - is thus remarkable. This text seeks to address four dimensions of Jean Rouch’s path: situating him in the context of ethnographic film, revisiting the archives of Chronique d’un Été (Chronicle of a Summer; Rouch & Morin, 1960) 50 years after it was produced, Rouch’s meeting with the Dogon and the “poetry of iron and steel” shared with Manoel de Oliveira, referring to his dimension as an engineer, filmmaker and anthropologist. Other equally important dimensions were left out, for they do not fit into this reflection1.

Resumo No encontro de Jean Rouch com Manoel de Oliveira, este situou-o e situou o seu cinema como mais africano que europeu e Jocelyne Rouch identificou-o com o título do filme Moi, un Noir (Eu, um Negro; Rouch, 1958) - é ele. Rouch é também engenheiro de pontes e estradas. Não admira, pois, que a poética do ferro e do aço esteja presente no seu cinema, ao lado de Manoel de Oliveira. As pontes e os caminhos de Rouch são também entre pessoas, culturas, sociedades. É, pois, notável a relação do real como imaginado nos seus filmes - o fascínio pelos rituais autênticos dos dogon e os fenómenos de possessão e uma antropologia moderna virada para as pessoas deslocadas, migrantes que viviam em grandes cidades, e para a vida urbana. Procuramos abordar neste texto quatro dimensões do percurso de Jean Rouch: situá-lo no contexto do filme etnográfico, revisitar os arquivos de Chronique d’un Été (Crónica de um Verão; Rouch & Morin, 1960) 50 anos depois de sua realização, o encontro de Rouch com os dogon e a “poética do ferro e do aço” partilhada com Manoel de Oliveira, remetendo para sua dimensão de engenheiro, cineasta e antropólogo, consciente de que ficaram de fora dimensões igualmente importantes, mas que não cabem nesta reflexão1.

Resumen Este artículo explora el uso de la etnografía urbana en la investigación educativa y discute sus aportaciones, tensiones y dilemas a fin de responder la siguiente cuestión: ¿cómo se puede incorporar la etnografía urbana para explorar y comprender los fenómenos educativos en espacios públicos? El ensayo busca contribuir a los debates actuales sobre la investigación educativa y su necesidad de reinventarse ante tiempos de incertidumbre y complejidad mediante el análisis de la etnografía urbana con orientación móvil. El documento se organiza en tres partes: primero, se analizan las fronteras entre lo escolar/lo educativo; segundo, se definen algunas herramientas de la etnografía urbana frente al estudio de los fenómenos educativos; y tercero, se exponen las aportaciones, tensiones y dilemas que enfrentan los investigadores educativos en su empleo. Para concluir, se enfatiza en la necesidad de promover la invención etnográfica para desarrollar nuevas estrategias de investigación educativa que permitan avanzar en dos sentidos: cuestionar los espacios y formas utilizadas en el estudio de los procesos educativos y escolares en el espacio urbano; y propiciar la generación de dispositivos para recuperar datos de naturaleza diversa, en apego a posicionamientos colaborativos, artísticos, decoloniales y críticos basados en la cocreación de conocimiento.

Abstract This paper explores the use of urban ethnography in educational research and discusses its contributions, tensions, and dilemmas to answer the following question: How can urban ethnography be incorporated to explore and understand educational phenomena in public spaces? This essay seeks to contribute to current debates about educational research and its need to reinvent itself in times of uncertainty and complexity through the analysis of urban ethnography with a mobile orientation. The document is organized into three parts: first, we analyze the boundaries between the school/the educational; second, we define some tools of urban ethnography in relation to the study of educational phenomena; and third, we look at the contributions, tensions and dilemmas faced by educational researchers when employing urban ethnography. To conclude, the need to promote ethnographic invention is emphasized to develop new educational research strategies that allow progress in two directions: questioning the spaces and forms used in the study of educational and school processes in urban space, and promoting the generation of devices to retrieve data of a diverse nature in adherence to collaborative, artistic, decolonial and critical positions based on the co-creation of knowledge.

Abstract: Through anthropology, the notion of culture has been introduced into the study of risks and natural disasters in order to understand the production of meaning, a contribution that goes beyond the positions of physical and probabilistic sciences. This article incorporates the notion of inhabiting to the debate, considering the modes and tensions of the daily reproduction of life in territories considered risky. Two neighborhoods are considered -which are similar in terms of context but have different qualities- through ethnographic methods that capture cognitive processes and strategies of adaptation and coexistence for guaranteeing material and symbolic permanence. This focus contributes to the debate on biases regarding risk management that, in practice, tend to abstract them from the space in which they are located and contributes to making explicit the divergences between the analyses of scientists, institutions, and populations. Through the observation of processes of domestication of space and the rationalities that underly them, the categorization of risk is debated as a mechanism for dealing with a context of economic dearth and absence of basic services. It is concluded that, for understanding the positions of people in relation to contingency or their proximity to a harm, one must consider their emotional attachments, their forms of inhabiting territory, and their perspectives of the future.

Resumen: Con la antropología se ha introducido la noción de cultura en el estudio de los riesgos y de los desastres naturales para entender la producción de sentido, una contribución más allá de las posturas de las ciencias físicas y probabilísticas. En este artículo se incorpora la noción del habitar a esta discusión, considerando los modos y las tensiones de la reproducción cotidiana de la vida en territorios considerados riesgosos. Se analizan dos barrios, similares en contexto, pero con diferente calificación, a través de métodos etnográficos que reflejan procesos cognitivos y estrategias de adaptación y convivencia para garantizar su permanencia material y simbólica. Desde este enfoque, se aporta al debate sobre los sesgos en la gestión de riesgos, que en la práctica tiende a abstraerlos del espacio en que se ubican, y explicitar las divergencias entre los análisis científicos, las instituciones y la población. Mediante la observación de los procesos de domesticación del espacio y las racionalidades que están detrás de ellos, se discute la selección del riesgo como mecanismo para lidiar con un contexto de carencias económicas y de ausencia de servicios básicos. Se concluye que para entender las posiciones de la gente ante la contingencia o proximidad de un daño hay que considerar sus vínculos emocionales, sus formas de habitar el territorio y sus perspectivas de futuro.