ABSTRACT The use of biosynthesized nanoparticles is one of the broad research areas where silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have anti-parasitic disease properties. The biological synthesis of silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles using methanolic extracts of the Indigofera oblongifolia leaf was evaluated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, total of phenolics, and flavonoids, and MTT assay were used. In addition, UV-visible spectrophotometry, and TEM analysis. produced was stable and simple-to-synthesize AgNPs by UV light radiation. Classes of compounds expected to be biologically active were identified in the extract. Also, Quantitative results showed phenolics and flavonoids at 219 ± 1.079, and 19 ± 0.150 (mg TAE/g DW), respectively. Moreover, IC50 was obtained at 151.569 ± 8.5 ng/mL for Hep-G2 cell lines. Examination of IOLEAgNPs using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the nanoparticles were spherical with a smooth surface, which indicates that the prepared nanostructure content is highly pure with good morphology. Silver nanoparticles synthesized using leaf extract (AgNPs-leaf) were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry. Its activities have been tested as anti-malaria. OILEAgNPs were able to reduce parasitemia. (AgNPs antiparasitic anti parasitic properties evaluated chromatographymass chromatography mass GCMS GC MS (GC-MS analysis used addition UVvisible visible spectrophotometry simpletosynthesize simple synthesize radiation Also 21 1079 1 079 1.079 0150 0 150 0.15 mg TAEg TAE g DW, DW , DW) respectively Moreover IC IC5 151569 151 569 151.56 85 8 5 8. ngmL ng mL HepG2 HepG Hep G2 G Hep-G lines (TEM surface morphology AgNPsleaf (AgNPs-leaf antimalaria. antimalaria malaria. malaria anti-malaria parasitemia 2 107 07 1.07 015 15 0.1 15156 56 151.5 10 1.0 01 0. 1515 151. 1.

RESUMO O uso de nanopartículas biossintetizadas é uma das amplas áreas de pesquisa em que as nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs) têm propriedades antiparasitárias. A síntese biológica de nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs) usando extratos metanólicos da folha de Indigofera oblongifolia foi avaliada. Foram utilizadas análises de cromatografia gasosa e espectrometria de massa (GC-MS), total de fenólicos e flavonoides, e ensaio MTT. Além disso, usando espectrofotometria UV-visível e análise TEM usando extratos retirados das folhas, pudemos produzir AgNPs estáveis e simples de sintetizar por radiação de luz UV. Foram identificadas no extrato classes de compostos que se espera que sejam biologicamente ativos. Além disso, os resultados quantitativos mostraram fenólicos e flavonoides em 39,7±0,3 e 33,4±0,2 (mg TAE/g DW), respectivamente. Além disso, o IC50 do IOLE foi obtido em 20,5±0,9μg/mL para a A549 e 24,3±0,9 para as linhas celulares MCF-7. O exame de IOLEAgNPs usando microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM) mostrou que as nanopartículas eram esféricas com uma superfície lisa, o que indica que o conteúdo da nanoestrutura preparada é altamente puro com boa morfologia. As nanopartículas de prata sintetizadas usando extrato de folha (AgNPs-folha) foram caracterizadas por espectrofotometria UV-visível. Suas atividades foram testadas como antimalária. As OILEAgNPs foram capazes de reduzir a parasitemia de forma quase tão eficaz quanto o tratamento padrão. (AgNPs antiparasitárias avaliada GCMS, GCMS GC MS , (GC-MS) MTT disso UVvisível UV visível folhas ativos 39703 39 7 0 3 39,7±0, 33402 33 4 2 33,4±0, mg TAEg TAE g DW, DW DW) respectivamente IC IC5 20509μgmL μgmL 20 5 9μg mL μg A54 24309 24 9 24,3±0, MCF7. MCF7 MCF 7. MCF-7 (TEM lisa morfologia AgNPsfolha (AgNPs-folha UVvisível. visível. antimalária padrão (GC-MS 3970 39,7±0 3340 33,4±0 A5 2430 24,3±0 MCF- 397 39,7± 334 33,4± 243 24,3± 39,7 33,4 24,3 39, 33, 24,

A new ruthenium polypyridine complex, cis-[Ru(bpy)2(1-meimN)(4-pyCHO)](PF6)2 (WP1), where 1-meimN and pyCHO are the ligands 1-methylimidazole and 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, respectively, was prepared as a prototype for use in phototherapeutic process. This compound was characterized by electronic absorption in UV-Visible, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, cyclic voltammetry, besides DFT that supported its molecular structure. The compound WP1 was photoreactive, where blue or green light promoted the release of 4-pyCHO ligand. Additionally, this compound was able to interact with DNA, mainly through electrostatic interactions showing photoinduced nuclease activity. There is also photoproduction of superoxide ions using blue or green light suggesting a route for DNA damage. These promising results opened new opportunities for the potential use of this system and analogues as phototherapeutic agents, which is an ongoing study in our lab. complex cisRubpy21meimN4pyCHOPF62 cisRubpymeimNpyCHOPF cis Ru bpy 2 1 meimN 4 PF6 PF cis-[Ru(bpy)2(1-meimN)(4-pyCHO)](PF6) WP1, WP , (WP1) 1meimN 1methylimidazole methylimidazole 4pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 4pyridinecarboxaldehyde pyridinecarboxaldehyde pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde respectively process UVVisible, UVVisible UV Visible, Visible UV-Visible FTIR H C NMR voltammetry structure photoreactive 4pyCHO ligand Additionally activity damage agents lab cisRubpy pyCHOPF cisRubpy21meimN4pyCHOPF6 cis-[Ru(bpy)2(1-meimN)(4-pyCHO)](PF6 (WP1 cisRubpy21meimN4pyCHOPF cis-[Ru(bpy)2(1-meimN)(4-pyCHO)](PF (WP

A solution blow spinning (SBS) process was utilized to create nanofibers of TiO2/C and TiO2/C/N with potential applications in photocatalysis and dye adsorption. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as a carbon and nitrogen source. Their content in the TiO2 structure decreased as the temperature increased from 350 to 550 °C. Physical-chemical, morphological, and structural features were investigated. Adsorption and photodegradation experiments revealed that the material calcined at 400 °C had higher dye removal (98%) under dark settings, whereas the greater photodegradation efficiency under visible and UV light was 56% and 98%, respectively, for the sample calcined at 550 °C. The results suggest that the SBS has the potential to develop an efficient adsorbent and photocatalyst for use in treatments of contaminated water. (SBS TiO2C TiOC C TiO TiO2CN TiOCN N adsorption source 35 55 Physicalchemical, Physicalchemical Physical chemical, chemical Physical-chemical morphological investigated 40 98% 98 (98% settings 56 respectively water CN 3 5 4 9 (98 (9 (

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the discussion of the results obtained with non-invasive image and spectroscopic analyzes (to determine chemical elements and compounds) on the six paintings by the German artist, naturalized Italian, Massimo Campigli, that belong to the collection of the Museum of Contemporary Art of the University of São Paulo (MAC USP). Aspects of the artist’s trajectory, the plastic solutions of the artworks, along with the analyzes made with the spectroscopic techniques of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF), Raman, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and the imaging techniques of visible photography (VIS), raking light (RAK), transmitted light (TRANS), visible ultraviolet fluorescence (UVF), infrared reflectography (IRR), and radiography (RAD) offer important information on the artist and on his work. These non-invasive analyzes were carried out in the museum itself with portable equipment from the Laboratory of Archaeometry and Applied Sciences to Cultural Heritage (LACAPC) of the Physics Institute (IF) of USP. Overall, the results obtained corroborate with Campigli’s testimonies about his artistic practice, as well as those of people who saw him working in his studio. His palette choice, composed by natural and synthetic pigments, mostly whites and paints with earthy tones, and his creative steps of creating and recreating the paintings, reusing canvases many times, were proven to be true with the analytical investigations. noninvasive non invasive compounds Italian Campigli MAC USP . USP) artists s trajectory artworks Xray X ray EDXRF, EDXRF ED XRF , (ED-XRF) Raman FTIR, FTIR (FTIR) VIS, VIS (VIS) RAK, RAK (RAK) TRANS, TRANS (TRANS) UVF, UVF (UVF) IRR, IRR (IRR) RAD (RAD work LACAPC (LACAPC IF (IF Overall Campiglis practice studio choice pigments tones times investigations (ED-XRF (FTIR (VIS (RAK (TRANS (UVF (IRR

RESUMO O presente artigo discute os resultados obtidos com as análises de imagens e espectroscópicas (para determinação dos elementos e compostos químicos) não invasivas realizadas em seis pinturas do artista alemão, naturalizado italiano, Massimo Campigli pertencentes ao acervo do Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo (MAC USP). Os aspectos da trajetória do artista, as soluções plásticas das obras somadas às análises feitas com técnicas espectroscópicas de fluorescência de raios X por dispersão de energia (FRX-DE), Raman, e infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), e com técnicas de imageamento como fotografia sob luz visível (VIS), luz rasante (RAS), luz transmitida (TRANS), fluorescência visível induzida por radiação ultravioleta (UV-VIS), reflectografia de infravermelho (RIV) e radiografia (RAD) fornecem importantes informações sobre o artista e sua obra. As técnicas analíticas não invasivas foram realizadas no próprio museu e com equipamentos portáteis do Laboratório de Arqueometria e Ciências Aplicadas ao Patrimônio Cultural (LACAPC) do Instituto de Física (IF) da USP. No geral, os resultados obtidos corroboram com os testemunhos de Campigli sobre o seu fazer artístico, assim como daqueles que o viram trabalhando no ateliê. A sua escolha de paleta, composta por pigmentos naturais e sintéticos, na sua maior parte brancos e tintas com tonalidades terrosas, e suas etapas produtivas de criar e recriar as pinturas, muitas vezes reutilizando telas, foram comprovadas através das investigações analíticas. para químicos alemão italiano MAC USP . USP) FRXDE, FRXDE FRX DE , (FRX-DE) Raman FTIR, FTIR (FTIR) VIS, VIS (VIS) RAS, RAS (RAS) TRANS, TRANS (TRANS) UVVIS, UVVIS UV (UV-VIS) RIV (RIV RAD (RAD obra LACAPC (LACAPC IF (IF geral artístico ateliê paleta sintéticos terrosas telas (FRX-DE (FTIR (VIS (RAS (TRANS (UV-VIS

Abstract Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a versatile and low-cost polymer with high biocompatibility, mechanical strength, chemical resistance, thermal stability, and ferroelectricity. This material has been widely used in many applications, ranging from membranes to electronic devices. In this study, self-supporting, flexible, and lightweight PVDF films were prepared by an evaporation route using a low-toxicity solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide – DMSO). Graphene oxide (GO) and anatase titania (TiO2) were incorporated into the PVDF after preparing DMSO-based suspensions of these materials. The prepared materials were examined in terms of their structural, electrical, and wetting properties before and after exposure to near ultraviolet (UV-A) light. Substantial structural changes took place after incorporating GO and TiO2 into PVDF. Such modifications were accompanied by dramatic changes in the wetting and electrical properties of the PVDF. UV-A light caused the formation of surface defects on PVDF and GO films. In addition, it promoted the photoreduction of GO into reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Composites containing TiO2 showed high resistance to UV-A light, probably because titania particles absorb the incoming photons and shield the polymer matrix. This study provides new insights into the synthesis and characterization of PVDF/TiO2/GO composite films, which may be useful for many applications, including flexible electronics, solar cells, and biomedical devices. (PVDF lowcost low cost biocompatibility strength stability ferroelectricity applications devices selfsupporting, selfsupporting self supporting, supporting self-supporting lowtoxicity toxicity dimethyl DMSO. DMSO . DMSO) (GO TiO (TiO2 DMSObased based UVA UV A (UV-A addition rGO. rGO (rGO) matrix PVDFTiO2GO PVDFTiOGO electronics cells (TiO (rGO PVDFTiO

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar la eficacia antimicrobiana de un dispositivo fijo emisor de luz UV-C para la desinfección de diferentes superficies del ambiente hospitalario y su eficacia antifúngica en la calidad del aire. Métodos Estudio cuasi experimental realizado en una unidad de internación hospitalaria, en que se utilizó el biomuestreador de aire Andersen® de seis etapas para el análisis del aire. En el análisis de las superficies, se utilizaron tres suspensiones de microorganismos (Acinetobacter sp. MDR, Escherichia coli y Klebsiella pneumoniae productora de KPC) para contaminar el ambiente. En ambos se tomó una muestra antes (control) y después de accionar la luz UV-C (prueba). Resultados En el análisis del aire hubo una reducción importante del recuento de colonias después de la luz UV-C y no se encontraron hongos patógenos ni toxigénicos en ninguno de los dos momentos. Con relación a la desinfección de las superficies, no se observó ningún crecimiento bacteriano después de la intervención de la luz, lo que demuestra un 100 % de inactivación bacteriana en las condiciones analizadas. Conclusión El uso de la tecnología con emisión de luz UV-C fija fue eficaz y puede ser considerada una intervención prometedora para protocolos de desinfección de superficies hospitalarias. UVC UV C hospitalaria Andersen Acinetobacter sp MDR KPC control (control prueba. prueba . (prueba) momentos 10 analizadas hospitalarias (prueba 1

Abstract Objective To evaluate a fixed UV-C light emitting device for its antimicrobial effectiveness in the disinfection of distinct surfaces and its antifungal effectiveness on air quality in the hospital environment. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted in a hospital inpatient unit, in which a six-stage air Biosampler (Andersen®) was used for air analysis. In the evaluation of surfaces, three suspensions of microorganisms (Acinetobacter sp. multidrug-resistant, Escherichia coli, and KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae) were used to contaminate the environment. In both evaluations, pre- (control) and post-activation of UV-C light (test) collections were made. Results In the air evaluation, an important reduction was observed in the colony count after irradiation with UV-C light, and pathogenic or toxigenic fungi were not found in either of the two moments. Regarding the disinfection of surfaces, no bacterial growth was observed after the application of UV-C light, showing 100% bacterial inactivation under the tested conditions. Conclusion The use of fixed UV-C light emission technology was effective and can be considered a promising intervention for hospital surface disinfection protocols. UVC UV C environment quasiexperimental quasi experimental unit sixstage six stage Andersen® Andersen (Andersen® analysis Acinetobacter sp multidrugresistant, multidrugresistant multidrug resistant, resistant multidrug-resistant coli KPCproducing KPC producing pneumoniae evaluations pre control (control postactivation post activation test (test made moments 100 conditions protocols (Andersen 10 1

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia antimicrobiana de um dispositivo fixo emissor de luz UV-C na desinfecção de diferentes superfícies do ambiente hospitalar e sua eficácia antifúngica na qualidade do ar. Métodos Estudo quase-experimental realizado em uma unidade de internação hospitalar, que utilizou o Bioamostrador de ar Andersen® de seis estágios para análise do ar; e na avaliação das superfícies, utilizaram-se três suspensões de microrganismos (Acinetobacter sp. MDR, Escherichia coli e Klebsiella pneumoniae produtora de KPC) para contaminar o ambiente. Para ambos foram feitas coletas pré (controle) e pós-acionamento da luz UV-C (teste). Resultados Na avaliação do ar houve uma redução importante da contagem de colônias após a luz UV-C e não foram encontrados fungos patogênicos ou toxigênicos em nenhum dos dois momentos. Em relação à desinfecção das superfícies, nenhum crescimento bacteriano foi observado após a intervenção da luz, demonstrando 100% de inativação bacteriana nas condições testadas. Conclusão A utilização da tecnologia com emissão de luz UV-C fixa foi eficaz e pode ser considerada uma intervenção promissora para protocolos de desinfecção de superfícies hospitalares. UVC UV C quaseexperimental quase experimental Andersen utilizaramse utilizaram se Acinetobacter sp MDR KPC controle (controle pósacionamento pós acionamento teste. teste . (teste) momentos 100 testadas hospitalares (teste 10 1

Electromagnetic waves play a crucial role in various technological applications in our daily lives, ranging from telecommunications to issues related to global warming and healthcare. Therefore, the inclusion of experimental, expository, and playful educational products on this subject cannot be neglected in formal education. This study introduces the development of an experimental and interactive educational product (EP) designed to elucidate the relationship between color and visible light, as well as the luminescent phenomenon exhibited by certain materials when exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UV). The EP is cost-effective and accessible, comprising a dark box equipped with red, green, blue, and UV lamps. These lamps can be turned on individually or collectively, influencing the perceived color of an object based on the illuminating light’s color. Thus, the EP serves as a valuable resource for studying the theory of colors. The inclusion of a UV light source allows for the observation of luminescent properties in objects exposed to it, a feature commonly portrayed in crime movies and TV series. Photoluminescent substances are present in various materials, including sulfite paper and laundry detergent. Consequently, this EP emerges as an effective tool for introducing quantum mechanics concepts in the classroom. lives healthcare Therefore expository education (EP UV. . (UV) costeffective cost accessible red green blue collectively lights s Thus colors it series detergent Consequently classroom (UV

As ondas eletromagnéticas estão presentes em diversas aplicações tecnológicas do cotidiano, desde telecomunicações até questões relacionadas ao aquecimento global e cuidados com a saúde. Assim, a inclusão de produtos educacionais experimentais, expositivos e lúdicos sobre este assunto não pode ser negligenciada no ensino formal. O presente trabalho apresenta a construção de um produto educacional (PE) experimental e interativo que apresenta a dependência da cor em relação à luz visível, assim como o fenômeno da luminescência em alguns materiais quando expostos à radiação ultravioleta. Trata-se de uma câmara escura equipada com lâmpadas nas cores, vermelha, verde e azul, além de uma fonte ultravioleta (UV). O dispositivo foi construído utilizando materiais acessíveis e de baixo custo. As lâmpadas podem ser ligadas independentemente ou em conjunto, e a percepção da cor do objeto dependerá das cores da luz que o ilumina. Portanto, o PE pode ser empregado no estudo da teoria das cores. A inclusão da fonte UV permite a observação da luminescência de objetos quando expostos a ela, fenômeno frequentemente retrato em filmes e séries policiais. Essas substâncias fotoluminescentes estão presentes em diversos materiais, como papel sulfite e sabão em pó. cotidiano saúde Assim experimentais formal (PE visível Tratase Trata se vermelha azul UV. . (UV) custo conjunto ilumina Portanto ela policiais pó (UV

ABSTRACT Agriculture intensification in Southern Brazil’s subtropical regions combined with the frequent occurrence of erosive rainfall has rendered the area a global water erosion hotspot. In this scenario, understanding and regulating erosion processes at the river catchment scale is critical for mitigating soil and water resource degradation. Traditional methods for tracing sediment sources are expensive and time-consuming and justify the development of alternative approaches. Therefore, in this study, we employed diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analyses in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS), near-infrared (NIR), and mid-infrared (MIR) ranges, combined with multivariate models and spectral pre-processing techniques to estimate sediment source contributions in a homogeneous subtropical catchment (Conceição River, 804 km²). Soil samples (n = 181) were collected to characterize the four potential sediment sources, including: cropland (n = 78), stream bank (n = 36), unpaved road (n = 40) and pasture (n = 27). Moreover, 44 sediment samples were collected, including suspended sediment (n = 8), fine sediment deposited on the riverbed (n = 15), and suspended sediment samples collected in the water column during storm events (n = 21). Vector machine (SVM) model outperformed the others, with better accuracy and reliability. While UV-VIS spectra proved less effective due to soil homogeneity across the catchment, NIR and MIR spectra provided valuable information for discriminating sediment sources. Furthermore, reducing the number of potential sources (from four to three or two) improved model predictions, especially when distinguishing between surface sources (cropland and pasture) and subsurface sources (unpaved roads and stream banks). The study’s findings shed light on the power of efficient and cost-effective alternative methods for assessing sediment sources, which are vital for promoting effective erosion control and sustainable land management in similar regions. Brazils Brazil s hotspot scenario degradation timeconsuming time consuming approaches Therefore study ultravioletvisible ultraviolet visible UVVIS, UVVIS UV VIS , (UV-VIS) nearinfrared near infrared NIR, (NIR) midinfrared mid (MIR ranges preprocessing pre processing Conceição River 80 km². km² km . km²) n 181 78, 78 78) 36, 36 36) 40 27. 27 27) Moreover 4 8, 8 8) 15, 15 15) 21. 21 21) SVM (SVM others reliability Furthermore from two predictions banks. banks banks) studys costeffective cost (UV-VIS (NIR 18 7 3 2 1

Abstract Nanotechnology is a fast-growing field with large number of applications. Therefore, the current study, was designed to prepare Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from A. modesta leaves extract through a cost-effective method. The prepared NPs were characterized through UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The XRD and DLS analysis revealed the hexagonal nanocrystalline nature of ZnO NPs. The FTIR results displayed multiple fictional groups and UV results confirmed its optical properties. The average size of the NPs was 68.3 nm with a band gap of 2.71 eV. The SEM images divulge a clover leaf shape of ZnO NPs. The EDX spectrum revealed the presence of zinc and oxygen. The prepared NPs showed excellent biomedical application. The highest antileishmanial activity was 68%, anti-inflammatory activity was 78%, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was 79.1%, antibacterial potential (ZOI) 22.1 mm, and highest growth inhibition of 85 ± 2.1% against A. rabiei. The adsorption efficiency of 85.3% within 120 min was obtained. Conclusively ZnO NPs have shown potential biomedical and environmental applications and ought to be the more investigated to enhance their practical use. fastgrowing fast growing Therefore study A costeffective cost effective method UVVis Vis UV–Vis, UV–Vis , (UV–Vis) DLS, (DLS) FTIR, (FTIR) Xray X ray XRD, (XRD) SEM, (SEM) EDX. . (EDX) properties 683 68 3 68. 271 2 71 2.7 eV oxygen application 68% antiinflammatory anti inflammatory 78 78% TAC (TAC 791 79 1 79.1% ZOI (ZOI 221 22 22. mm 8 21 2.1 rabiei 853 85.3 12 obtained use (UV–Vis (DLS (FTIR (XRD (SEM (EDX 6 27 7 2. 79.1 85. 79.

The development of plant extract-based and other green synthesis methods for fabricating nanomaterials has garnered significant attention due to their eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. This research focuses on the green synthesis, characterization, and dye degradation properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNP-CA) using the leaf extract of Coleus anthonyi (CA) and microwave irradiation. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. These characterizations confirm the successful synthesis of AgNP-CA from the leaf extract of Coleus anthonyi. Moreover, the observed monodisperse nanoparticle formation, with a size of 56.6 nm through DLS analysis, underscores the achievement of uniform particle size distribution. The recorded zeta potential value of -33.4 mV indicates the potential stability of the produced AgNP-CA. The synthesized AgNP-CA exhibited enhanced catalytic efficiency for degrading the organic dye, methyl orange, resulting in a significant reduction in its concentration. Furthermore, this study explores the major phytochemical content of Coleus anthonyi leaf extract using GC-MS analysis, revealing the presence of β-asarone, 9-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl oxy)-4-methoxy furo(3,2-g)chromen-7-one, 1-phospha cyclopentadiene, 2,3,4,5-tetraethyl-1-oxo-1-phenyl, and 1,1'-biphenyl, 4-ethyl-4'-(4-propylcyclohexane). This comprehensive investigation highlights the potential of Coleus anthonyi leaf extract for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and underscores their promising catalytic applications.

Abstract In this work, we studied 46 bacterial isolates to determine their potential for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) degradation. Only eight lipase-positive isolates were pre-selected to continue analysis. The isolates belonged to the genera Micrococcus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Pseudochrobactrum. In addition to lipase, other enzymatic activities such as protease, carboxymethyl cellulase, xylanase, and chitinase were detected. PET sheets were pretreated with temperature, UV light, HNO3, and Stenotrophomonas pavanii. All isolates were tested against pretreated PET for 60 days. All isolates displayed lipase activity, and some hydrolase activities. The chemical changes of PET sheets were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Peaks observed at 3000-3500 cm-1 corresponding to hydroxyl group suggested degradation. The physical changes of PET observed with the naked eye and with SEM consisted of erosion, bubbles, scales, bumps, pits, and a shiny surface. Pseudomonas soli was selected as the best PET degrader, according to the notable changes in the infrared spectrum and macroscopic changes compared to the other genera and the control. In addition, this isolate did not show xylanase activity and it lacks the chitinase gene too. It is possible that not only lipase activity could be associated with the PET degradation, but also another enzymatic activity not detected in this study. Although the genus Pseudomonas has been reported as a plastic degrader, the P. soli species is novel in the degradation of PET, as well as the other genera mentioned here. Finally, these findings contribute to the knowledge of bacterial species for PET degradation. work 4 (PET lipasepositive positive preselected pre analysis Micrococcus Acinetobacter Bacillus Pseudochrobactrum protease cellulase temperature light HNO3 HNO pavanii 6 days Fouriertransform Fourier transform spectroscopy 30003500 3000 3500 3000-350 cm1 cm 1 cm- erosion bubbles scales bumps pits surface degrader control too study P here Finally 3000350 300 350 3000-35 300035 30 35 3000-3 30003 3 3000-

Green nanotechnology is an environmentally friendly method that can reduce the negative impacts of chemical materials on humans and the environment. In this study, aqueous extracts of Foeniculum vulgare seed were used for the green synthesis of ZnONPs. The experiment was done in a nutrient solution supplemented with either ZnONPs or bulk ZnO (0, 4, 6 and 8 mM) in two mycelial strains of Ganoderma lucidum. To confirm that nanoparticles were synthesized, relevant devices were used, i.e. ultraviolet (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fier conversion infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron analysis Microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The size of ZnONPs varied between 13 and 25 nm. ZnONPs and bulk ZnO were used for evaluating several growth factors, such as diameter and area of the colony, percentage of inhibition, physiological and biochemical traits. The results showed that ZnONPs and bulk ZnO reduced the mycelial growth rate, but significantly increased the contents of MDA (lipid peroxidation), H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), EC (electrolyte leakage), CAT (catalase), SOD (superoxide dismutase) and POD (peroxidase). The concentration of ZnONPs and bulk ZnO, up to 6 mM, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, but higher concentrations reduced the activity. ZnONPs and bulk ZnO lowered the rate of mycelial growth in Ganoderma by creating oxidative stress. Ultimately, the mycelia acted against the oxidative stress by increasing the production of antioxidants. The results of this study suggest that ZnONPs and bulk ZnO, especially ZnONPs, leads to the improved antioxidant capacity of Ganoderma.

Poly(3-decylthiophene) is a polymer with conductive characteristics due to its conjugated polymeric chain. With the search for new applications and improvements of these materials, in sensors, and OPVs, there is a great demand for deeper knowledge about them. This work aims to characterize the P3DT, through analysis of optoelectrical measurements. Using the drop casting technique, thin films were made onto solid substrates. The films were subjected to optical characterization by UV-Vis and optical microscopy. The electrical characterization was obtained by IxV curves and then measuring the photoconductivity through Ixt curves, with a solar simulator. With UV-Vis measurements, it was observed that the absorption of light in the visible spectrum reached a peak of 520 nm in the film, blue-shifted in the solution attributed to the differences in the organization of the polymer chains. The optical microscopy measurements indicate the formation of aggregates with a higher concentration of aggregates observed for the film obtained with a more concentrated solution. Finally, the photoconductivity measurements carried out obtained a positive response to the photo-excitation of the material due to exposure to light, with an increase in current in the film as the photo-exposure cycles were repeated. Poly3decylthiophene Polydecylthiophene Poly 3 decylthiophene Poly(3-decylthiophene chain materials sensors OPVs them P3DT PDT P DT technique substrates UVVis UV Vis simulator 52 blueshifted blue shifted chains Finally photoexcitation photo excitation photoexposure repeated 5

ABSTRACT The high quality of soybean seeds is essential for the success of the crop, as it determines the field performance of seedlings. Seed physiological attributes are associated with genotype stability; thus, the maintenance of genome integrity is crucial to ensure seed quality. To evaluate the quality of soybean seed lots at physiological and molecular levels, a completely randomized design was carried out in four replications, with 12 soybean seed lots (cv. BMX Potência RR). Seeds were evaluated through standard germination and vigor tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from the root meristem of seeds from different lots with the Kasvi Spin 50 ® extraction kit. The analysis was performed through electrophoresis and visualized under ultraviolet (UV) light. The Comet assay was also applied to investigate DNA damage. Soybean seed lots exhibited differences in germination and vigor, as determined by the tests of accelerated aging, field emergence, emergence speed index, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh mass, and shoot dry mass. In seeds with low germination and vigor, DNA damage and genotoxicity were observed. DNA from samples with high germination and vigor observed by the field emergence and accelerated aging tests was more preserved than DNA extracted from seeds with low physiological quality. crop seedlings stability thus levels replications 1 cv. cv (cv RR. RR . RR) 5 kit UV (UV light index length weight mass

Mn-doped ZnO nanocrystals with Mn content varying from 0 to 5 at% were successfully synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the as prepared nanostructures were investigated. The photocatalytic activities of these materials were evaluated by determining the extent of the degradation reaction yield of an organic dye, methyl orange (MO) in an aqueous solution under UV light irradiation. The photodegradation efficiency of MO reached 91% in 180 min for pure ZnO, while all Mn- doped samples showed lower photocatalytic activity according to the following sequence: Zn095Mn005O < Zn099Mn001O < Zn097Mn003O < ZnO. Photocurrent measurements showed that the photocurrent density of ZnO was higher to that of Zn0.97Mn0.03O. In addition, impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the electrical properties of ZnO and Zn097Mn003O at different temperatures (373-773 K) and various frequencies (10 Hz-13 MHz). The photocurrent density measurements and the explored electrical properties of ZnO and Zn097Mn003O revealed good accordance with the reduced photocatalytic activity of Zn097Mn003O nanocrystals.