This study investigates the role of stable isotope ecology in unconsolidated sediment coastal systems, focusing on scientific production and research trends over time. Existing literature is analyzed to identify knowledge gaps and highlight the significance of stable isotope analysis in understanding coastal ecosystems. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis is employed, utilizing Scopus database to collect and categorize relevant publications on stable isotope ecology. Key indicators are focused on, including publication trends, authorship patterns, and the geographic distribution of research efforts. The temporal scale of studies is systematically analyzed, with attention given to methodological approaches used in these publications. Co-authorships networks and co-occurring keywords are examined to explore the intellectual structure of the field and identify collaborative patterns among authors. Over 140 publications are revealed, attributed to more than 400 researchers, with a significant increase in interest noted over time, particularly in trophic studies involving macrobenthos. Mudflats are identified as a focal point, receiving more attention than sandy beaches. The analysis indicates that seasonality is the predominant temporal scale, while mesoscale studies are observed to be more common in spatial investigations. A plateau in publication growth is noted, probably corresponding with the emergence of alternative methodologies for trophic ecology studies. Major contributions are attributed to France, the United States and Australia. Additionally, fragmented collaboration networks are illustrated through the co-authorship analysis, with limited international engagement among developing nations. Overall, the critical importance of stable isotope ecology in understanding coastal ecosystems is underscored, while the need for methodological diversity and increased collaboration in future research efforts is highlighted.

Abstract: This article addresses the participation of women in underground armed movements in the 1970s, during the so-called dirty war. It offers an estimate of the proportion of women involved in clandestine organizations and offers points of comparison with other experiences in this same period. It establishes the geographic origins and educational level of the women who took the path of the armed underground and presents the numbers and proportions of women in the most important clandestine organizations. These three approaches are accompanied by personal stories and the way in which they are linked to these calculations. Two problems involve the analytical starting point: the academic discussion on women’s participation in modern political violence and the impact of accelerated urbanization and acculturation on the creation of the conditions for this violence.

Resumen: El presente estudio aborda la participación de mujeres en los movimientos armados clandestinos mexicanos en la década de 1970, durante la llamada “Guerra Sucia”. Se estima la proporción de mujeres involucradas en las organizaciones clandestinas y se ofrecen puntos de comparación con otras experiencias del mismo periodo. Se establecen los orígenes geográficos y la escolaridad de las mujeres que optaron por la clandestinidad y la vía armada. Finalmente se presentan los números y proporciones de mujeres en las organizaciones armadas clandestinas más importantes. Los tres enfoques se acompañan de historias personales y la manera como éstas engarzan con los cálculos. Dos problemáticas son punto de partida del análisis: la discusión académica sobre la participación de mujeres en la violencia política moderna, y el impacto de la urbanización y aculturación acelerada en la creación de condiciones para esa violencia.

Abstract This study conducts a literature review to identify and analyse the different methodological trends that exist in the scientific field related to the sustainability assessment of ecotourism worldwide during the period 2012-2022. The methodology of the study includes an active and systematic search for publications related to sustainability assessment methodologies with a net focus on the term "ecotourism". The literature review was conducted in four electronic databases: Springer Link, Science Direct, Scopus and Taylor & Francis. The results were classified into quartiles and the most re-levant components of approach were identified in the methodological trends of sustainability assessment in the identified publications, which include the use of geographic information systems, indexes or indica-tors, assessments of sustainability perceptions of local communities, and quantitative or qualitative methods. The research concludes by showing the distribution of publications at a global level, the classification of evaluation methods and techniques, and the geographical and chronological distribution of the identified publications, which indicates that environmental, economic and social evaluations are the most relevant components in the methodological trends of sustainability evaluation in ecotourism.

Resumen Este estudio realiza una revisión bibliográfica mediante la cual se identifican y analizan las diferentes tendencias metodológicas existentes en el campo científico relacionadas con la evaluación de la sustentabilidad del ecoturismo a nivel mundial durante el periodo comprendido entre los años 2012 y 2022. La metodología del estudio incluye una búsqueda activa y sistemática de publicaciones relacionadas con métodos de evaluación de sustentabilidad con un enfoque neto en el término "ecoturismo". La revisión bibliográfica se llevó a cabo en cuatro bases de datos electrónicas: Springer Link, Science Direct, Scopus y Taylor & Francis. Los resultados se clasificaron mediante cuartiles y se identificaron los componentes de enfoque más relevantes en las tendencias metodológicas de evaluación de sustentabilidad trabajadas en las publicaciones identificadas, las cuales incluyen el uso de sistemas de información geográfica, índices o indicadores, evaluaciones de percepción de sustentabilidad por parte de comunidades locales, y métodos cuantitativos o cualitativos. La investigación concluye indicando la distribución de publicaciones a nivel global, la clasificación de métodos y técnicas de evaluación, y la distribución geográfica y cronológica de las publicaciones identificadas, indicando que las evaluaciones ambientales, económicas y sociales son los componentes más relevantes en las tendencias metodológicas de evaluación de sustentabilidad ecoturística.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze the time trend of sweetened beverages consumption among Brazilian adults in 26 capitals and the Federal District, from 2007 to 2021, with focus on the most recent period (2015 to 2021). METHODS: Data from the Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel - Surveillance System of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey)were used to conduct a time-series analysis (n = 731,683). The prevalence of regular consumption (five or more days/week), average daily consumption (milliliters) and nonconsumption of sweetened beverages were analyzed. Prais-Winsten regression models were used to calculate temporal trends of the indicators for the complete set of the evaluated population and by sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age group, schooling and development level of the geographic region of residence). RESULTS: Between 2007 and 2021, a reduction in the prevalence of regular consumption (-1.23 pp/year) and daily average consumption (-8.62 milliliters/year) of sweetened beverages was observed. However, between 2015 and 2021, this downward trend did not continue. The prevalence of adults who reported not consuming sweetened beverages increased (1.14 pp/year, for 2007–21), although this trend was not significant in the most recent period. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of sweetened beverages among Brazilian adults decreased in the 15 years studied. However, this reduction was not observed more recently, suggesting that further actions must be adopted in the country so that the trend observed in the total period is maintained.

Abstract This study explores the evolution of research within project-based organizations, uncovering new trends and identifying promising directions for future inquiries. Employing a comprehensive six-step methodology that combines bibliometric and content analyses, this research assessed term frequency, conceptual interconnections, influential contributors, geographic clusters, and dominant themes shaping the field. The dual-tool strategy using VosViewer and SciMAT enhanced the reliability and depth of our bibliometric analysis, allowing for a nuanced understanding of the interlinks between concepts and the chronological progression of terms. Data from 1,066 papers published between 2000 and 2022, extracted from the Scopus database, were analyzed to visualize six clusters based on 180 frequently used keywords. This analysis not only highlighted the multidisciplinary nature of project-based organization studies, focusing on “project management,” “knowledge management,” and “project-based learning,” but also revealed 28 key terms associated with the project-based organization cluster, emphasizing robust connections to knowledge transfer and management. Additionally, Google Trends analysis showed a growing interest in the topic among non-scholars, mirroring the academic attention it receives. Content analysis of seminal papers, selected based on citations, aligned with the term chronology from the broader sample, pinpointing several vital research directions. This research stands out for its innovative approach, combining dual-tool bibliometric analysis with content analysis to address a significant gap in the literature. It offers reliable and robust results, bridging the disconnect between quantitative data synthesis and qualitative insights to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the field.

Abstract In this paper, we use a Bayesian method to estimate the effective reproduction number ( R ( t )), in the context of monitoring the time evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil at different geographic levels. The focus of this study is to investigate the similarities between the trends in the evolution of such indicators at different subnational levels with the trends observed nationally. The underlying question addressed is whether national surveillance of such variables is enough to provide a picture of the epidemic evolution in the country or if it may hide important localized trends. This is particularly relevant in the scenario where health authorities use information obtained from such indicators in the design of non-pharmaceutical intervention policies to control the epidemic. A comparison between R ( t ) estimates and the moving average (MA) of daily reported infections is also presented, which is another commonly monitored variable. The analysis carried out in this paper is based on the data of confirmed infected cases provided by a public repository. The correlations between the time series of R ( t ) and MA in different geographic levels are assessed. Comparing national with subnational trends, higher degrees of correlation are found for the time series of R ( t ) estimates, compared to the MA time series. Nevertheless, differences between national and subnational trends are observed for both indicators, suggesting that local epidemiological surveillance would be more suitable as an input to the design of non-pharmaceutical intervention policies in Brazil, particularly for the least populated states. , )) COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 nationally nonpharmaceutical non pharmaceutical (MA presented variable repository assessed Nevertheless states COVID1 1 COVID-

Abstract Conservation Units (CUs) tend to have a high richness of herbivorous insects, including gall-inducing insects. Despite this, gall surveys carried out in these environments are punctual and some units have never had their galls investigated, such as the Chapada Diamantina National Park, Bahia (Chapada Diamantina Parna). Aiming to reduce this gap and contribute to future studies in CUs, this study aimed to survey the galls of the Chapada Diamantina Parna, Lençóis, as well as to investigate trends in research on galls in CUs in Brazil. For that, collections were carried out on monthly trips for one year. Published gall surveys were compiled. A total of 107 morphotypes induced in 88 host species were recorded. Most galls are formed in leaves, globoid in shape, green in color, and induced by Cecidomyiidae. This park has a relatively high richness of galls compared to other CUs, demonstrating its importance in the conservation of gall-inducing insects. The results also revealed that the number of surveys has been increasing over the years and that the Southeast concentrates the largest number of studies, a region that also gathers the largest number of specialists, demonstrating a geographic bias in the data. (CUs insects gallinducing inducing investigated Park Parna. Parna . Parna) Lençóis Brazil year compiled 10 8 recorded leaves shape color Cecidomyiidae specialists data 1

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate, characterize and search for trends in the underreporting of diabetes mellitus (DM) as the cause of death in Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil, over 40 years. Subjects and methods This was a documental study. Clinical and mortality data were collected from individuals known to have type 1 (DM1) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), residing in Bauru, State of São Paulo, followed at a local endocrinology clinic from 1982 to 2021, who deceased during this period. Results A significant underreporting of DM as the cause of death (64.41%) was found, mostly associated with male gender (OR = 1.59 [95% CI: 1.18; 2.15]; p < 0.01), DM2 (OR = 2.64 [95% CI: 1.32; 5.26]; p < 0.01), dying in the first decade of the study (OR = 4.07 [95% CI: 1.54; 10.71]; p < 0.001) and shorter DM duration (OR = 1.02 [95% CI: 1.01; 1.04]; p < 0.01). Age, type of treatment, body mass index, marital status and ethnicity, did not show a significant association with DM underreporting. There was a decreasing trend in DM1 underreporting (Decade Percentual Change = -7.10 [95% CI: -11.35; -3.40]), but a stationary trend for DM and DM2. The main primary cause of death was cardiovascular-related complications. Conclusion The underreporting of DM as the cause of death was very frequently found, and was associated with male gender, decade of death, shorter DM duration and DM2. If our data could be applied to the whole country, DM would possibly emerge as a more prominent cause of death in Brazil. Future studies in other cities and geographic regions are warranted to confirm our findings. evaluate (DM Bauru Paulo Brazil 4 years (DM1 DM2, , (DM2) 198 2021 period 64.41% 6441 64 41 (64.41% found OR 159 59 1.5 95% 95 [95 CI 1.18 118 18 2.15 215 15 2.15] 0.01, 001 0.01 0 01 0.01) 264 2.6 1.32 132 32 5.26 526 5 26 5.26] 407 07 4.0 1.54 154 54 10.71 1071 10 71 10.71] 0.001 0001 102 02 1.0 1.01 101 1.04 104 04 1.04] 0.01. . Age treatment index ethnicity Decade 7.10 710 7 -7.1 11.35 1135 11 35 -11.35 3.40, 340 3.40 3 -3.40]) cardiovascularrelated cardiovascular related complications country findings (DM2 19 202 64.41 644 6 (64.41 1. 9 [9 1.1 2.1 21 00 0.0 2. 1.3 13 5.2 52 4. 10.7 107 0.00 000 7.1 -7. 11.3 113 -11.3 34 3.4 -3.40] 20 64.4 (64.4 [ 0. 5. 10. 7. -7 11. -11. 3. -3.40 64. (64. - -11 -3.4 (64 -1 -3. (6 -3 (

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to analyze the scientific production of genetic polymorphisms and external apical root resorption (EARR) to establish main findings, geographic trends, and research gaps for possible future investigations. Methods: Unrestricted publications were searched using the Scopus database (March 2023) to include studies that addressed the association between genetic polymorphisms and EARR. Case-control, cohort, cross-sectional, and review studies were considered eligible. The softwares VOS viewer™ and Bibliometrix were used for data analysis. Results: Of the 44 studies analyzed, “Iglesias-Linares A” was the most cited author. The University of Seville (Spain) conducted the most research on this topic. Brazil, Spain, and the USA were the leading countries in terms of citations. The most frequent term in the co-occurrence of keywords was “EARR.” The journal American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics presented a great relevance in the area, demonstrating a high number of publications. Several genetic polymorphisms have been investigated, with interleukins being the most studied. Conclusion: Endodontics is an area of research that should focus more on root resorption and genetic polymorphisms, as it still underexplored, compared to orthodontics. Polymorphisms have been studied as possible predictors of EARR caused by orthodontic tooth movement. However, the gap in the research indicates a need to search for new genes associated with EARR. Objective (EARR findings trends investigations Methods March 2023 Casecontrol, Casecontrol Case control, control Case-control cohort crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional eligible viewer analysis Results 4 analyzed IglesiasLinares Iglesias Linares A author Spain (Spain topic Brazil citations cooccurrence co occurrence “EARR. investigated Conclusion underexplored orthodontics movement However 202 “EARR 20 2

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou analisar a produção científica sobre polimorfismo genético e reabsorção radicular apical externa (external apical root resorption, EARR) para estabelecer os principais achados, tendências geográficas e lacunas de pesquisa, para possíveis investigações futuras. Métodos: Foram pesquisadas publicações na base de dados Scopus (março de 2023) para incluir estudos que abordassem a associação entre polimorfismos genéticos e EARR. Foram considerados elegíveis estudos de caso-controle, relatos de caso, coorte, transversais e revisões. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizados os softwares VOS viewer® e Bibliometrix. Resultados: Dos 44 estudos incluídos, Iglesias-Linares A foi o autor mais citado. A Universidade de Sevilha (Espanha) foi a instituição que mais pesquisou o tema. Brasil, Espanha e EUA foram os principais países em termos de citações. O termo mais frequente na coocorrência das palavras-chave foi EARR. O periódico American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics apresentou grande relevância na área, com vários artigos publicados. Vários polimorfismos genéticos foram investigados, sendo as interleucinas as mais estudadas. Conclusão: Endodontia é uma área de pesquisa que poderia focar mais no tema reabsorção radicular e polimorfismos genéticos, por ser um assunto ainda pouco explorado, em comparação à Ortodontia. Polimorfismos têm sido estudados como possíveis genes preditores de EARR como consequência da movimentação dentária ortodôntica. No entanto, ainda existe uma lacuna na investigação, indicando a necessidade de procurar novos genes associados à EARR. Objetivo external resorption achados futuras Métodos março 2023 casocontrole, casocontrole caso controle, controle caso-controle coorte revisões viewer Bibliometrix Resultados 4 incluídos IglesiasLinares Iglesias Linares citado (Espanha Brasil citações palavraschave palavras chave publicados investigados estudadas Conclusão explorado Ortodontia ortodôntica entanto investigação 202 20 2

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze the time trend of sweetened beverages consumption among Brazilian adults in 26 capitals and the Federal District, from 2007 to 2021, with focus on the most recent period (2015 to 2021). METHODS: Data from the Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel - Surveillance System of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey)were used to conduct a time-series analysis (n = 731,683). The prevalence of regular consumption (five or more days/week), average daily consumption (milliliters) and nonconsumption of sweetened beverages were analyzed. Prais-Winsten regression models were used to calculate temporal trends of the indicators for the complete set of the evaluated population and by sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age group, schooling and development level of the geographic region of residence). RESULTS: Between 2007 and 2021, a reduction in the prevalence of regular consumption (-1.23 pp/year) and daily average consumption (-8.62 milliliters/year) of sweetened beverages was observed. However, between 2015 and 2021, this downward trend did not continue. The prevalence of adults who reported not consuming sweetened beverages increased (1.14 pp/year, for 2007–21), although this trend was not significant in the most recent period. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of sweetened beverages among Brazilian adults decreased in the 15 years studied. However, this reduction was not observed more recently, suggesting that further actions must be adopted in the country so that the trend observed in the total period is maintained. OBJECTIVE 2 District 200 2021 (201 2021. . 2021) METHODS Vigitel Surveywere Survey timeseries series n 731,683. 731683 731,683 731 683 731,683) five days/week, daysweek days/week , days week days/week) milliliters (milliliters analyzed PraisWinsten Prais Winsten sex, sex (sex group residence. residence residence) RESULTS 1.23 123 1 23 (-1.2 pp/year ppyear pp year 8.62 862 8 62 (-8.6 milliliters/year millilitersyear However 201 continue 1.14 114 14 (1.1 2007–21, 200721 2007–21 21 2007–21) CONCLUSIONS studied recently maintained 20 202 (20 73168 731,68 73 68 1.2 12 (-1. 8.6 86 6 (-8. 1.1 11 (1. 20072 2007–2 (2 7316 731,6 7 1. (-1 8. (-8 (1 2007– ( 731, (-

Abstract: This research, characterized as a state of the art, aimed to map and describe the academic production on the teaching of biological evolution developed in Brazil between 1991 and 2021. We found 266 publications in three databases: the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, the CAPES Bank of Theses and Dissertations, and the Science Teaching Documentation Center at Unicamp, including 213 masters and 53 doctoral theses. The analysis included the following descriptors: year of defense, academic rank, geographic distribution, institutions of origin, postgraduate programs, authorship, supervision, educational levels and modalities, and thematic focuses. The study offers an overview of dissertation and thesis development over three decades in the national context, highlighting institutional foundations and academic production trends. Abstract research art 199 2021 26 databases Dissertations Unicamp 21 5 theses descriptors defense rank distribution origin programs authorship supervision modalities focuses context trends 19 202 2 1 20

Resumo: Esta pesquisa, caracterizada como Estado da Arte, teve o objetivo de mapear e descrever a produção acadêmica sobre o ensino de evolução biológica desenvolvida no Brasil no período de 1991 a 2021. Por meio da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), do Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e do Centro de Documentação em Ensino de Ciências (CEDOC) da Unicamp, foram identificados 266 trabalhos, constituídos por 213 dissertações de mestrado e 53 teses de doutorado. Estes estudos foram examinados de acordo com os descritores: ano de defesa, titulação acadêmica, distribuição geográfica, instituições de origem, programas de pós-graduação, autoria, orientação, níveis educacionais e modalidades de ensino, e focos temáticos. Os resultados apresentam as características da base institucional e as principais tendências que sustentam a produção acadêmica neste tema, visando propiciar o panorama das três décadas no qual as dissertações e teses vêm se desenvolvendo no contexto nacional. Resumo pesquisa Arte 199 2021 BDTD, BDTD , (BDTD) CEDOC (CEDOC Unicamp 26 trabalhos 21 5 doutorado descritores defesa geográfica origem pósgraduação, pósgraduação pós graduação, graduação pós-graduação autoria orientação temáticos tema nacional 19 202 (BDTD 2 1 20

Abstract Currently, depopulation assumes dramatic proportions in contexts such as the Mediterranean area, especially in inland regions of Spain and the so-called “internal areas” in Italy. In Latin America, this phenomenon, which has emerged in recent decades, is being studied mainly in relation to urbanization and deagrarianization dynamics, particularly affecting countries that have experienced significant social and economic transformations in rural areas, such as Chile. Cultural changes, shifts in life expectations, and transformations in the economic and productive structure in rural contexts are crucial for understanding the loss of population. This article addresses this issue through quantitative data analysis with geographic references at both national and communal levels, seeking to identify a supra-regional area where population loss in rural areas is most evident. Subsequently, a method for constructing profiles of communes experiencing rural depopulation is developed, using data from the Rural Quality of Life Indicators System (SICVIR) and census data from the period 2002-2017. Currently socalled so called internal Italy America phenomenon decades dynamics Chile changes expectations levels supraregional supra regional evident Subsequently developed SICVIR (SICVIR 20022017. 20022017 2002 2017. 2017 2002-2017 2002201 200 201 2002-201 200220 20 2002-20 20022 2 2002-2 2002-

Resumo Atualmente, o declínio populacional assume magnitudes dramáticas em contextos como a área mediterrânica, especialmente nas zonas interiores de Espanha e nas chamadas “zonas internas” em Itália. Na América Latina, este fenômeno, surgido nas últimas décadas, está sendo estudado principalmente em sua relação com as dinâmicas de urbanização e desruralização, que afetam especialmente países que vivenciaram importantes transformações sociais e econômicas nos territórios rurais, como o Chile. As mudanças culturais, a esperança de vida, mas também as transformações na estrutura econômica e produtiva no contexto rural, são relevantes para compreender a perda de população. O artigo aborda este problema por meio da análise de dados quantitativos com referência geográfica, a nível nacional e a nível comunal, procurando identificar uma área supra-regional onde a perda de população nas áreas rurais é mais evidente. Posteriormente, desenvolve-se um método de construção de perfis de municípios com declínio populacional rural, tomando como referência dados do Sistema de Indicadores de Qualidade de Vida Rural (SICVIR) e dados censitários do período 2002-2017. Atualmente mediterrânica internas Itália Latina fenômeno décadas desruralização Chile culturais vida rural geográfica comunal supraregional supra regional evidente Posteriormente desenvolvese desenvolve se SICVIR (SICVIR 20022017. 20022017 2002 2017. 2017 2002-2017 2002201 200 201 2002-201 200220 20 2002-20 20022 2 2002-2 2002-

Resumen En la actualidad el despoblamiento asume magnitudes dramáticas en contextos como el área mediterránea, en especial en las zonas interiores en España y en las denominadas “áreas internas” en Italia. En América latina este fenómeno, que emerge en las últimas décadas, está siendo estudiado principalmente en su relación con las dinámicas de urbanización y desagrarización, que afectan sobre todo a los países que han experimentado transformaciones sociales y económicas importantes en los territorios rurales, como Chile. Cambios culturales, de expectativas de vida, pero también transformaciones en la estructura económica y productiva en contexto rural, son relevantes para comprender la pérdida de población. En el artículo se aborda esta problemática a través de análisis de datos cuantitativos con referencia geográfica, a nivel nacional y a escala comunal, buscando identificar un área suprarregional donde la pérdida de población en zonas rurales se evidencie con mayor claridad. Posteriormente, se desarrolla un método de construcción de perfiles de comunas con despoblamiento rural, tomando como referencia datos del Sistema de Indicadores de Calidad de Vida Rural SICVIR y datos censales del período 2002-2017. mediterránea áreas internas Italia fenómeno décadas desagrarización Chile culturales vida rural geográfica comunal claridad Posteriormente 20022017. 20022017 2002 2017. 2017 2002-2017 2002201 200 201 2002-201 200220 20 2002-20 20022 2 2002-2 2002-

Resumen Introducción En 2020, el suicidio fue la tercera causa de muerte en México en los jóvenes de 15 a 29 años y concentró el 43.0% del total de suicidios del país. Por lo tanto, es un problema de salud pública muy relevante. Objetivo Explorar los cambios en la distribución geográfica de las tasas de suicidio por entidad federativa, así como analizar la magnitud, distribución y tendencia de la mortalidad por suicidio, en los jóvenes mexicanos de 15 a 29 años entre 1990 y 2020. Método Estudio ecológico descriptivo de series de tiempo, a partir de la información de fuentes oficiales. Se calcularon las tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad utilizando la información sobre defunciones (INEGI) y las estimaciones de población (CONAPO). Se analizó la magnitud, distribución y tendencias de la mortalidad por suicidio a nivel nacional y por entidad federativa, utilizando el modelo de regresión segmentada Joinpoint. Resultados De 1990 a 2020, la mortalidad por suicidio en jóvenes creció 198%, siendo mayor en las mujeres (285%) que en los hombres (178%). Las entidades con mayor mortalidad por suicidio, de 2016 a 2020, fueron Chihuahua (18.5 suicidios/100 mil jóvenes 15-29 años), Aguascalientes (16.6), Yucatán (14.4), Guanajuato (14.1) y San Luis Potosí (12.9), las cuales concentraron el 23.0% del total de muertes por suicidios. Discusión y conclusión El estudio de las tendencias de la mortalidad podría contribuir a la gestión de una estrategia nacional para la prevención del suicidio en jóvenes mexicanos, proporcionando sustento para la toma de decisiones en salud pública, como la identificación de las entidades federativas y regiones del país que deben recibir la máxima prioridad.

Abstract Introduction In 2020, suicide was the third leading cause of death in Mexico among young people ages 15 and 29, accounting for 43.0% of all suicides in the country, making it a major public health issue. Objective To explore changes in the geographic distribution of suicide rates by state and to analyze the magnitude, distribution, and pattern of suicide mortality in young Mexicans ages 15 to 29 between 1990 and 2020. Method Descriptive, ecological time-series study, based on official information. Standardized mortality rates were calculated using information on deaths (INEGI) and population estimates (CONAPO). The magnitude, distribution, and patterns of suicide mortality at the national level and by state were analyzed using the Joinpoint segmented regression model. Results From 1990 to 2020, suicide mortality in young people increased by 198% and was higher in women (285%) than men (178%). The states with the highest suicide mortality rates from 2016 to 2020 were Chihuahua (18.5 suicides/100,000 young people ages 15-29), Aguascalientes (16.6), Yucatán (14.4), Guanajuato (14.1), and San Luis Potosí (12.9), accounting for 23.0% of total suicide deaths. Discussion and conclusion The study of mortality trends could contribute to the management of a national suicide prevention strategy in young Mexicans, providing support for public health decision-making, such as the identification of the states and regions that should be prioritized.

Summary: The study of the dynamic processes of the change of land use and vegetation is essential given the trends in the degradation processes of ecosystems. The Juluapan basin exhibits processes of change of land use and vegetation for more than 50 years, therefore, the objective of our study was to analyze the changes in land and vegetation use over time for the periods 1971 to 2010 and 2010 to 2018, with aerial and satellite images using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results obtained for the period of 1971-2010 show the loss of 752 hectares of shrub vegetation that represents 13.3% of the total area. For the 2010-2018 period, a loss of 202 hectares was estimated, with a deforested area of 3.6%. The exchange rate for tree vegetation of the 1971-2010 period was defined with -1.47% and for the 2010-2018 period with a -2.03%. The scenarios of change of land use and vegetation presented in this study will allow the development of actions in favor of soil resource planning related to land use ordinance at the local level, as well as the execution of programs that reduce the impact on natural resources and promote the rational use of ecosystems in this region.

Resumen: El estudio del proceso dinámico de cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación se considera esencial dadas las tendencias de los procesos de degradación de los ecosistemas. La cuenca Juluapan presenta procesos de cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación desde hace más de 50 años, por lo que el objetivo de la investigación es analizar el cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación a través del tiempo para los periodos 1971 a 2010 y 2010 a 2018, utilizando imágenes aéreas y de satélite, usando los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Los resultados obtenidos para periodo de 1971-2010, manifiestan la pérdida de 752 hectáreas de vegetación arbustiva que representa 13.3% de la superficie total. Para el periodo 2010-2018, se estimó una pérdida de 202 hectáreas, con una superficie deforestada del 3.6%. La tasa de cambio para la vegetación arbórea del periodo de 1971-2010 se definió con un -1.47% y para el periodo 2010-2018 con una tasa de cambio -2.03%. Los escenarios de cambio en la cubierta vegetal y uso del suelo presentados en este estudio permitirán el desarrollo de acciones en favor de la planificación del recurso suelo, vinculadas con el ordenamiento del territorio a escala local y la ejecución de programas que aminoren el impacto hacia los recursos naturales y favorezcan el uso racional de los ecosistemas en esta región.

RESUMO Atividades de exploração insustentáveis (UEAs), combinadas com os crescentes impactos das mudanças climáticas globais são as principais causas que levam à erosão do solo no centro-norte do Vietnã. As áreas montanhosas no centro-norte do Vietnã geralmente têm encostas íngremes e argila arenosa na camada superficial do solo, o que contribui para aumentar a erosão do solo, resultando em uma séria perda de vidas e propriedades. Este estudo investiga a mudança de cobertura da terra (LCC) em todo o distrito de Thanh Chuong combinando dados da técnica de sensoriamento remoto (RST) com o Sistema de Informação Geográfica (GIS) e, além disso, estabelecendo mapas de risco de erosão com base na simulação do modelo RUSLE. Para atingir estes objetivos, foram adquiridas imagens dos satélites Sentinel e Landsat do período 2010-2021. Verificou-se que a área florestal diminuiu gradualmente de 2010-2021, e a perda média anual de solo foi de aproximadamente 25 t por ano. A quantidade de erosão que levou a uma perda de solo de até 18% da área total da terra está relacionada às condições climáticas, características do terreno e textura do solo. Espera-se que o declínio da cobertura vegetal seja a principal causa das tendências crescentes de erosão e perda de solo. UEAs, UEAs , (UEAs) centronorte centro norte propriedades LCC (LCC RST (RST GIS (GIS disso RUSLE objetivos 20102021. 20102021 2010 2021. 2021 2010-2021 Verificouse Verificou se 20102021, 2021, 2 ano 18 Esperase Espera (UEAs 2010202 201 202 2010-202 1 201020 20 2010-20 20102 2010-2 2010-

ABSTRACT Unsustainable exploitation activities (UEAs), combined with the increasing impacts of global climate change are the key causes that lead to soil erosion in the North-Central Vietnam. Mountainous areas in the North-Central Vietnam commonly have steep slopes and sandy clay in the surface soil layer, which contribute to enhancing the soil erosion, resulting in a serious loss of life and property. This study investigates the land cover change (LCC) across the Thanh Chuong district by combining Remote Sensing Technique (RST) data with Geographic Information System (GIS) and further, establishing erosion risk hazard maps based on the RUSLE model simulation. To achieve these objectives, Sentinel and Landsat satellite images from the period 2010_2021 were acquired. It was verified that the forest area gradually decreased from 2010_2021, and the average annual soil loss was approximately 25 t per year. The amount of erosion that led to a soil loss of up to 18% of the total land area is related to weather conditions, terrain features, and the soil texture. The decline in the vegetation cover is expected to be the main cause of increasing trends in erosion and soil loss. UEAs, UEAs , (UEAs) NorthCentral North Central layer property LCC (LCC RST (RST GIS (GIS further simulation objectives 20102021 2010 2021 2010_202 acquired 2 year 18 conditions features texture (UEAs 2010202 201 202 2010_20 1 201020 20 2010_2 20102 2010_