Résumé La fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale marque un ensemble de grandes transformations dans la pensée sociale brésilienne. Les théories raciales et eugéniques perdent rapidement leur force face aux interprétations d’ordre culturel et économique. Dans ce travail, une partie de ces transformations est racontée à partir des interprétations sur l’immigration japonaise au Brésil de deux intellectuels ayant une influence marquante au Parlement : le psychiatre-eugéniste Pacheco e Silva et le sociologue Gilberto Freyre. L’immigration japonaise a été au centre d’un débat intense dans les années 1930 et 1940, suscitant même des amendements restrictifs ou prohibitifs dans les Constitutions de 1934 et 1946. Cette étude analyse l’activité parlementaire des deux intellectuels pendant cette période, observe les influences de leurs pensées sociales sur leur activité politique, examine également les transformations qui ont lieu dans les années 1950, avec des changements dans la pensée de Pacheco e Silva, une plus grande influence de la pensée de Freyre et une redéfinition de la place de l’immigration japonaise dans le débat parlementaire. brésilienne dordre d ordre économique travail limmigration l immigration psychiatreeugéniste psychiatre eugéniste Limmigration L dun 193 1940 1946 lactivité période politique 1950 19 194 195 1

Resumen El final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial marcó un conjunto de grandes transformaciones en el pensamiento social brasilero. Las teorías raciales y eugenésicas van perdiendo fuerza rápidamente frente a las interpretaciones de cuño cultural y económico. En este trabajo, se da cuenta de parte de esas transformaciones a partir de las interpretaciones sobre la inmigración japonesa en Brasil de dos intelectuales con un importante desempeño parlamentario: el psiquiatra-eugenista Pacheco e Silva y el sociólogo Gilberto Freyre. La inmigración japonesa fue foco de intenso debate en las décadas de 1930 y 1940, e incluso fue merecedora de enmiendas restrictivas o prohibitivas en las Constituyentes de 1934 y 1946. Este estudio, analiza la acción parlamentaria de los dos intelectuales en ese periodo, observando las influencias de sus pensamientos sociales en su actividad política y examinando, también, las transformaciones que ocurrieron en la década de 1950, con cambios en el pensamiento de Pacheco e Silva, principal influencia del pensamiento de Freyre, y el rediseño del lugar dado a la inmigración japonesa en el debate parlamentario. brasilero económico trabajo parlamentario psiquiatraeugenista psiquiatra eugenista Freyre 193 1940 1946 estudio periodo examinando también 1950 19 194 195 1

Abstract The end of World War II marks a set of major transformations in Brazilian social thought. Racial and eugenic theories rapidly lose ground to interpretations of cultural and economic nature. This article examines part of these transformations through the perspectives on Japanese immigration to Brazil by two intellectuals with important parliamentary roles: the psychiatrist-eugenicist Pacheco e Silva and the sociologist Gilberto Freyre. Japanese immigration was the subject of intense debate in the 1930s and 1940s, even prompting restrictive or prohibitive amendments in the 1934 and 1946 constitutions. This study analyzes the parliamentary activities of both intellectuals over this period and demonstrates the influence of their respective social thoughts on their political endeavors. This article also examines the transformations that took place in the 1950s, including shifts in Pacheco e Silva’s thinking, a greater influence of Freyre’s ideas, and a reconfiguration of the role of Japanese immigration in parliamentary discourse. thought nature roles psychiatristeugenicist psychiatrist eugenicist Freyre s 1940s 193 194 constitutions endeavors 1950s Silvas thinking Freyres ideas discourse 19 1

Resumo O final da Segunda Guerra Mundial marca um conjunto de grandes transformações no pensamento social brasileiro. As teorias raciais e eugênicas vão perdendo rapidamente força frente às interpretações de cunho cultural e econômico. Neste trabalho, conta-se parte dessas transformações a partir das interpretações sobre a imigração japonesa no Brasil em dois intelectuais de marcante atuação parlamentar: o psiquiatra-eugenista Pacheco e Silva e o sociólogo Gilberto Freyre. A imigração japonesa foi foco de intenso debate nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, merecendo até mesmo emendas restritivas ou proibitivas nas Constituintes de 1934 e 1946. Este estudo analisa a atuação parlamentar dos dois intelectuais nesse período, observando as influências de seus pensamentos sociais em sua atividade política. O artigo examina, ainda, as transformações que ocorrem na década de 1950, com mudanças no pensamento de Pacheco e Silva, maior influência do pensamento de Freyre e um redesenho do lugar da imigração japonesa no debate parlamentar. brasileiro econômico trabalho contase conta se psiquiatraeugenista psiquiatra eugenista 193 1940 1946 período política examina ainda 1950 19 194 195 1

Abstract This paper aims to understand and characterize the emergence of tertiary spaces in the post-industrial city, focusing on the spatial and production transformations they promote. We understand tertiary spaces as novel urban forms targeted at the spatial and production repurposing of consolidated areas that stimulate the growth of the tertiary sector, commercial vitality, and urban dynamism. The study focuses on the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires. The methodological strategy is qualitative, and data were produced through a morpho-typological survey and interviews with municipal authorities and entrepreneurs in the sector. The results show the role played by those forms in the urban and production repurposing of previously industrial areas. postindustrial post city promote sector vitality dynamism Aires qualitative morphotypological morpho typological

Resumen Este artículo se propone comprender y caracterizar el surgimiento de espacios del terciario en la ciudad posindustrial, poniendo particular atención a las transformaciones productivas y espaciales que promueven. Entendemos a los espacios del terciario como figuras urbanas novedosas orientadas a la reconversión productiva y espacial de áreas consolidadas, estimulando el crecimiento del sector terciario, la vitalidad comercial y la dinamización urbana. La investigación está focalizada en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. La estrategia metodológica es cualitativa y los datos fueron producidos mediante un relevamiento morfo-tipológico y la realización de entrevistas a funcionarios municipales y empresarios del sector. Los resultados evidencian el papel que juegan estas figuras en la reconversión productiva y urbana de áreas previamente industriales. posindustrial promueven consolidadas Aires morfotipológico morfo tipológico industriales

Abstract This article analyzes the relationship between gentrification and the economic-gastronomic landscape in two neighborhoods in downtown Mexico City. The objective is to conceptually readjust these terms and to recognize the singularities of their manifestations in Latin America. To this end, a theoretical framework is constructed that outlines the three epistemological cores for the analysis of gentrification in the region and that articulates such concept with cultural commodification and gourmetization. Through a descriptive quantitative analysis, we examine the transformation of the food landscape through the presence and diversification of gastronomic and retail businesses in the Condesa and Santa María La Ribera neighborhoods. The results show that there is a trend towards an increase in commercial activity under the model of mini-supermarkets and other businesses that diversify and, at the same time, homogenize cultural and gastronomic offerings in these neighborhoods. However, the pandemic affected these neighborhoods in a particular way: while in Condesa the proliferation of these businesses slowed down, in Santa María La Ribera they increased their presence. It is concluded that this analytical argument offers a view that can strengthen the qualitative study of the effects developed by gentrification and its consequences in other areas of urban daily life.

Resumen En el presente artículo se analiza la relación entre la gentrificación y el paisaje económico-gastronómico en dos colonias del centro de la Ciudad de México. El objetivo es reajustar conceptualmente dichos términos y reconocer las singularidades de su manifestación en América Latina. Con ese fin, se construye un marco teórico que esboza los tres núcleos epistemológicos para el análisis de la gentrificación en la región y que articula tal concepto con la mercantilización cultural y la gourmetización. Mediante un análisis cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, se examina la transformación del paisaje alimentario a través de la presencia y la diversificación de comercios gastronómicos y comercios al por menor en las colonias Condesa y Santa María La Ribera. Los resultados muestran que existe una tendencia al incremento de la actividad comercial bajo el modelo de los minisúper y otros negocios que diversifican y, a la vez, homogenizan la oferta cultural y gastronómica en estas colonias. Sin embargo, la pandemia afectó de manera particular dichos barrios: mientras que en Condesa se ralentizó la proliferación de estos comercios, en Santa María La Ribera aumentaron su presencia. Se concluye que esta propuesta analítica ofrece una mirada que puede fortalecer el estudio cualitativo de los efectos desarrollados por la gentrificación y sus consecuencias en otras áreas de la cotidianidad urbana.

Resumo O artigo foca-se na discussão da Renda Básica Universal (RBU) como proposta política redistributiva radical que projeta modos alternativos de organizar a sociedade e de viver a vida, mais ajustados às muitas exigências, desafios e expectativas que marcam a vida contemporânea. O propósito central da análise passa por discutir os grandes princípios da RBU, procurando compreender as suas implicações em termos de construção de condições de liberdade material, bem como o seu potencial para induzir transformações sociais estruturais. Considerando estes objetivos e tendo por base os contributos proporcionados pela pesquisa bibliográfica, é possível depreender que a RBU poderá assegurar uma base material de liberdade efetiva, promotora de capacidades de autodeterminação, e contribuir para (novas) sociedades e subjetividades de bem-estar, num quadro de renovação e reforço do Estado de bem-estar social. focase foca se (RBU exigências contemporânea estruturais bibliográfica efetiva autodeterminação novas (novas bemestar, bemestar estar, estar social

Abstract The article focuses on discussing Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a radical redistributive political proposal that envisions alternative ways of organising society and living, more attuned to the diverse demands, challenges and expectations of contemporary life. The primary aim of the analysis is to discuss the main assumptions of the UBI, seeking to understand its implications for material freedom and its potential to induce structural social transformations. Considering these objectives and based on the various insights provided by the bibliographical research, it is possible to deduce that UBI could ensure a material basis for effective freedom, promoting self-determination capabilities, and can contribute to (new) welfare societies and subjectivities, within a framework of renewal and reinforcement of the welfare state. (UBI living demands life transformations research selfdetermination self determination capabilities new (new subjectivities state

Resumé Le télétravail à domicile a atteint 11% de la population occupée du pays dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19. Il s'agissait en majorité de femmes, de personnes blanches, diplômées de l'enseignement supérieur, et travaillant dans les secteurs des services et de la communication. La réalité des télétravailleurs à domicile est différente de celle de la plupart des travailleurs à domicile d'avant la pandémie: femmes noires, peu scolarisées et travaillant dans l'industrie manufacturière. Cependant, en examinant les données du PNAD entre 1992 et 2019, on peut observer la croissance, dans ce type de travail, de la participation des hommes ayant une formation et une rémunération supérieures et travaillant dans les secteurs des services et de la communication. En ce sens, bien que le travail à domicile ait peu varié dans le période, certaines tendances d'évolution de ce type de travail se dégagent des données, réalisées à domicile et sur le profil du travailleur à domicile. Nous comprenons que ces changements observés dans la pré pandémie contribuent à comprendre l'espace que le télétravail à domicile a gagné dans la pandémie, à se renforcer comme modalité de travail et à se justifier comme alternative pour organiser l'espace de travail. 11 COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 COVID-19 sagissait s agissait blanches lenseignement l enseignement supérieur communication davant d avant noires lindustrie industrie manufacturière Cependant 199 2019 croissance sens période dévolution évolution lespace espace 1 COVID1 COVID-1 201 COVID- 20 2

Resumo O trabalho remoto atingiu 11% da população ocupada do Brasil no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19: uma maioria de mulheres, pessoas brancas, com nível superior de escolaridade, e atuantes no setor de educação e serviços. Esse perfil é distinto do padrão predominante de trabalhadores em domicílio: mulheres negras com baixo nível de escolaridade e atuantes na indústria de transformação. Mas, ao revisar os dados da PNAD entre 1992 e 2019, encontramos algumas transformações nos setores da economia e atividades ocupacionais realizados em domicílio, bem como uma mudança no perfil do trabalhador em domicílio: crescimento na participação de homens com maior nível de escolaridade e remuneração e atuantes no setor de serviços e de comunicação. Defendemos, neste artigo, que essas mudanças no trabalho em domicílio observadas na pré-pandemia contribuem para compreender o espaço que o trabalho remoto ganhou durante e após a pandemia para se fortalecer enquanto modalidade de trabalho e se justificar enquanto alternativa de organização de espaço de trabalho. 11 COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-19 brancas transformação Mas 199 2019 comunicação Defendemos artigo prépandemia pré 1 COVID1 COVID-1 201 COVID- 20 2

Abstract Remote work reached 11% of Brazil's employed population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: the majority being women, white individuals with higher education levels, and working in the education and services sectors. This profile is distinct from the predominant pattern of home-based workers: black women with lower education levels and working in the manufacturing industry. However, upon reviewing PNAD data from 1992 to 2019, we found some transformations in home-based economic sectors and occupational activities. Additionally, there has been a shift in the profile of home-based workers: an increase in the participation of men with higher education and income levels, working in the services and communication sectors. In this article, we argue that these pre-pandemic changes in home-based work contribute to understanding the space that remote work has gained during and after the pandemic to strengthen itself as a work modality and justify itself as an alternative for organizing workspaces. 11 Brazils Brazil s COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 homebased home based workers industry However 199 2019 activities Additionally article prepandemic pre workspaces 1 COVID1 COVID- 201 20 2

Abstract. This article offers an initial exploration of the process by which youth have colonized nightlife in Mexico City between 1940 and 1960. Given the paucity of historical research on youth and nocturnality, I employ several representative scenes from the film Los Caifanes (1967) as the central axis of my argumentation. The selection of these scenes is based on their recreation of age-specific practices, as identified in historical studies that address the subject tangentially. The following analysis focuses on the construction of various youth typologies, moral panics, forms of control, youthful rebellion, and the transformation of urban nightlife. A social differentiation in nocturnal entertainment forms is observed based on the social class of the youth. The concluding considerations offer a preliminary conclusion: the persistence and adaptation of the sociocultural construction of night to contemporary transformations of urban life.

Resumen. Este artículo es una primera aproximación al proceso de colonización de la vida nocturna por los jóvenes en la Ciudad de México entre 1940 y 1960. Dada la escasez de investigaciones históricas sobre las juventudes y las nocturnidades, recurro a algunas escenas representativas de Los Caifanes (1967) como eje articulador de mi argumentación. La selección de estas escenas parte de que recrean prácticas características de la edad según estudios históricos que tratan tangencialmente el tema. El siguiente análisis se enfoca en la construcción de las distintas tipologías de las juventudes, pánicos morales, formas de control, sublevación juvenil y la transformación de la vida nocturna citadina. Se observa una diferenciación social en las formas de diversión nocturna según la clase social de los jóvenes. Las consideraciones finales ofrecen una conclusión preliminar: la persistencia y la adaptación de la construcción sociocultural de la noche a las transformaciones contemporáneas de la vida citadina.

Abstract: This article explores the political/intellectual debates on poverty and marginalization during the crisis of the sixties in the Southern Cone. These debates have received little attention in studies on the period, which are generally concerned with issues associated with social change, the commitments of intellectuals and the legitimacy of violence. This article aims to fix this oversight by examining three spaces in which the issue of poverty was central, such as the field of sociology, Christian ecumenism and the New Latin American Cinema. While its reflections are centered on countries such as Uruguay, Argentina and Chile, its inquiry reconstructs the regional circulation of ideas among social scientists, intellectuals and filmmakers. The central hypothesis of this article is that conceptual transformations in these communities facilitated a more fluid approach by intellectuals to “radical ideas” that are generally associated with the Latin American New Left of the sixties and seventies.

Resumen: El artículo indaga los debates político-intelectuales sobre pobreza y marginalidad en la crisis de los sesenta en el Cono Sur. Dichas controversias han recibido escasa atención en los abordajes sobre la época, preocupados generalmente por temáticas asociadas al cambio social, el compromiso de los intelectuales y la legitimidad de la violencia. El trabajo propone reponer esa ausencia al examinar tres espacios donde los tópicos sobre pobreza fueron centrales, como el campo de la sociología, el ecumenismo cristiano y el nuevo cine latinoamericano. Si bien la reflexión está localizada en países como Uruguay, Argentina y Chile, la pesquisa reconstruye una circulación regional de ideas entre científicos sociales, intelectuales y realizadores cinematográficos. La hipótesis central de estudio es que las transformaciones conceptuales en esas comunidades habilitaron un acercamiento más fluido de los intelectuales con las “ideas radicales” que generalmente son asociadas a la nueva izquierda latinoamericana de los sesenta y setenta.

Abstract. In the contemporary scene, characterized by the rehabilitation of rhetoric, Kenneth Burke (1897-1993) has made decisive contributions that have made him one of the fundamental figures of the “new rhetoric” and, perhaps, of a possible “rhetorical turn”. Through a systematization of the projections of rhetoric in the different moments of his work, this article identifies Burke’s contributions to contemporary rhetoric, weigh the transformations that his approach introduces in the rhetorical tradition, and discuss the range of his rhetorical criticism. In his work, we witness an amplification of rhetorical criticism, to the point of formulating a dialectical and philosophical rhetoric that successively emerges as a rhetoric of philosophy, a philosophy of rhetoric, and a rhetorical or dramatic philosophy. Burke’s rhetorical criticism constitutes a privileged path for any project of general rhetoric and rhetorical renewal.

Resumen. En el escenario contemporáneo, caracterizado por la rehabilitación de la retórica, Kenneth Burke (1897-1993) ha realizado contribuciones decisivas que lo han convertido en una de las figuras fundamentales de la “nueva retórica” y, quizá, de un posible “giro retórico”. Mediante una sistematización de las proyecciones de la retórica en los distintos momentos de su pensamiento, este artículo identifica los aportes de Burke a la retórica contemporánea, sopesa las transformaciones que su enfoque introduce en la tradición retórica y discute los alcances de su crítica retórica. En su obra, asistimos a una amplificación de la crítica retórica hasta la formulación de una retórica dialéctica y filosófica que se perfila, sucesivamente, como una retórica de la filosofía, una filosofía de la retórica y una filosofía retórica o dramática. La crítica retórica burkeana constituye una vía privilegiada para cualquier proyecto de retórica general y de renovación de la retórica.

Abstract Background: During the 19th century, the economic transformations caused by the Industrial Revolution led to a rise in pauperism among vulnerable populations. This phenomenon negatively impacted the health of these populations. Objective: To conduct a historiographical review of Concepción Arenal’s thinking from a nursing perspective. Methodology: This social, historical, and qualitative research focused on the delivery of holistic nursing care to vulnerable individuals based on Concepción Arenal’s social thinking. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Results: Arenal’s book ‘‘La beneficencia, la filantropía y la caridad’’ advocated for the delivery of nursing care at home. To oppose the repulsion caused by hospitals and nursing staff in the 19th century, Arenal supported that nursing care should be carried out by well-educated and trained professional nurses. Conclusion: Arenal was a highly accomplished woman in the field of law. Currently, her ideas are gaining traction within the field of health, particularly in the areas of social and community health.

Resumo Enquadramento: A transformação económica provocada pela revolução industrial, originou inúmeros avanços no campo da tecnologia, no entanto, a nível sociológico determinou a emergência do pauperismo entre as pessoas vulneráveis, deteriorando a sua saúde. Objetivo: Efetuar uma revisão histórica sobre o pensamento de Concepción Arenal a partir da perspetiva da enfermagem. Metodologia: Estudo social, histórico e qualitativo com foco na provisão de cuidados de enfermagem holísticos baseados no pensamento social de Concepción Arenal. Os dados foram recolhidos em fontes primárias e secundárias. Resultados: O seu livro ‘‘La beneficencia, la filantropía y la caridad’’ constitui-se como uma defesa empenhada dos cuidados ao paciente em casa. Arenal defende que esses cuidados deveriam ser realizados por enfermeiros profissionais bem treinados de modo evitar a aversão causada pelos hospitais e pessoal de enfermagem na época. Conclusão: Arenal foi uma mulher de grande sucesso na sua área do direito. Atualmente, as suas ideias e contributo estão a ganhar relelvância no campo da saúde, particularmente nas áreas da saúde social e comunitária.

Resumen Marco contextual: Durante el siglo XIX, la transformación económica derivada de la revolución industrial provocó el pauperismo en las personas vulnerables, hecho que les deterioró su salud. Objetivo: Revisar historiográficamente el pensamiento de Concepción Arenal Ponte, desde una perspectiva enfermera. Metodología: Investigación social, histórica y cualitativa, relacionada con los cuidados de enfermería proporcionados de una forma holística a la persona vulnerable, a través del pensamiento social de Concepción Arenal. Recopilación de información: en fuentes primarias y secundarias. Resultados: Su obra ‘‘La beneficencia, la filantropía y la caridad’’ es una defensa cerrada del cuidado del paciente en su domicilio. Y para evitar la repulsa que, por entonces, causaban los hospitales y el personal de enfermería, Arenal defendió que dicho cuidado fuese realizado por enfermeras profesionales bien formadas y entrenadas. Conclusión: El pensamiento de Arenal, mujer muy destacada dentro del campo del derecho, comienza a ser actualmente muy relevante dentro del campo sanitario y cobra un especial interés tanto en el área social como en el área de la salud comunitaria.

Abstract: The main objective of the present study is to assess the processes and changes on quality of life, social equity, and transformations due to the actions of students with engineering projects and their considerations. The methodology conducted for a period of eight years is based on interviews, observation grids, and field diaries with first, sixth, and tenth semester civil engineering students from three universities. The results show changes in students and monitors for the variables assessed, especially in growth knowledge build-up due to the considerations examined for both professional and in human competencies. Based on these processes, it is concluded that training with projects is relevant for learning in civil engineering and for improving the quality of life of professional environments.

Resumen: El principal objetivo del presente estudio es observar los procesos y los cambios en la calidad de vida, la equidad social y las trasformaciones por las acciones de los estudiantes con proyectos de ingeniería y sus reflexiones. La metodología aplicada por un periodo de ocho años se basa en entrevistas, rejillas de observación y diarios de campo con estudiantes de ingeniería civil de primero, sexto y décimo semestre de tres universidades. Los resultados muestran cambios efectuados en estudiantes y monitores en las variables descritas, especialmente en el crecimiento en la construcción de conocimiento por las reflexiones consideradas tanto en lo disciplinar como en competencias humanas. Con base en estos procesos, se concluye que la formación con proyectos es relevante para el aprendizaje en ingeniería civil y para mejorar la calidad de vida de los entornos de los profesionales.

There is widespread agreement that skills development is a vital dimension of the just energy transition (JET). Skills development for JET is rapidly emerging and involves complex inter-sectoral systems of skills development and new methods for demand analysis. Currently in South Africa, learning pathways into green jobs, enterprise development and more sustainable job options, including those required for JET at entry and technical levels, are unclear, ad hoc and fragmented. At best, we have fragmented offerings of courses and qualifications and few systemic approaches to skills analysis and development. There is also a narrow reliance on supply and demand discourses that are ill-fitting for the type of skills that need to be developed. Drawing on a group of regional and local studies focusing on skills supply and demand for JET, the paper analyses the responsiveness of skills systems, with specific focus on institutions and institutional arrangements that underpin skills planning and anticipation. The paper critiques the metaphor of 'supply' and 'demand', which, it argues, is the wrong lens, as it focuses attention on certain parts of the skills system dislocated from the broader conditions that they are imbedded in. We pose new methodological questions for engaged skills research that can enable a green and just future, and the systemic transformations that are needed to catalyse a low-carbon transition. SIGNIFICANCE: The research findings offer a critical reflection on the current approach to research focused on skills for the just energy transition. The review highlights the limitations of the dominant supply-demand approach of skills analysis, and we argue that it promotes a neoliberal, market-led discourse on skills that privileges industry and excludes the voices of communities and workers.

Evaluative research can advance sustainability education through the learning it can enable, at micro and systems levels. This proposition is explored by examining evaluation practice in a 6-year international programme entitled Transdisciplinary Education Collaboration for Transformations in Sustainability involving universities and biosphere reserves/regions in Germany, South Africa and Canada. A Transdisciplinary International Learning Lab (TILL) was evaluated using a theory-based evaluation approach and interviews, focus groups and questionnaires that yielded qualitative data. Through meta-reflection, we concluded that our TILL had elements of a Field School, rather than a Learning Lab, and that our curriculum required more explicit deliberation among programme developers and implementers towards a deeper and shared understanding of pedagogical assumptions and more congruent practice of transdisciplinary and transformative sustainability education. The reflective, theory-based approach enabled learning from evaluation and was captured in a shared refinement of the theory of change, which makes it explicit that learning from pedagogical innovations is not only for students but also for academics. The paper is an invitation to other innovators in sustainability science, education and evaluation in higher education, to share related findings. SIGNIFICANCE: Through evaluative research, educators gained insight into how transformative sustainability education and transdisciplinarity play out in practice, and how theory-based evaluation can inform more transformative programme design. As higher education practitioners collaborating across continents and disciplines for systemic change, we noted that transformative concepts do not immediately translate into transformative practices, unless we critically and collectively reflect on practice and outcomes. Such (meta) reflection requires data and purposefully designed evaluation frameworks-in-use. This idea is not new, but its manifestation in practice was illuminative and could also be of scholarly interest to other curriculum and evaluation designers.

The utilisation of online platform Blackboard Learn for Teaching and Learning (T & L) has become an essential and obligatory component of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This study research aims to examine the difficulties and potential of its implementation at a Historically Disadvantaged Institution (HDI) like University of Limpopo (UL), with a focus on the Bachelor of Arts (BA) programme in Criminology and Psychology (Crim & Psych) as guided by University of Limpopo Faculty of Humanities Multimodal Teaching and Learning Plan (UL FHMTLP). This qualitative study employed an empirical research design, selecting Twelve (12) permanent Academics/Lecturers from the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at UL for interview purposes. The verbatim responses from the interviews were analysed to identify the key themes and sub-themes of the study using the inductive Thematic Content Analysis (TCA) method. This study revealed that there is a lack of utilisation of Blackboard Learn at UL, as well as ineffective adaptation of current strategies and UL FHMTLP implementations. Many Lecturers still depend on contact T & L and the use of Blackboard Learn to connect the operations of this programme is currently unsuccessful. Recommendations consist of regular training and refreshment courses on the application of this technology, such as the Learning Management System (LMS) provided by the Information and Communications Technology [ICT]-electronic-(e)-Learning Unit. This could potentially facilitate collaborations between Natural Sciences (Technology - Blackboard Learn) and Human Sciences (Crim & Psych) to generate new knowledge, while also clearly providing the advantages of technology utilisation for T & L at UL. This kind of innovation could accommodate "economical, educational, technical, and social transformations" to address the mentioned challenges and opportunities, while making contributions to the field of professorship, with a focus on the South African Future Professors Programme (FPP) Phase 2 Cohort 1 2022-2023, utilising Blackboard Learn for T & L in a HDI to outline the existing challenges and possibilities.

Abstract When studying ancient historical processes, we are faced with the problem of chronology, since the confidence intervals of radiocarbon dates are too wide, as are the lifetimes of particular types of artifacts. A solution to the problem may be to study the appearance of new cultures as a result of migration. Climate changes were the most important factor that stimulated migration in antiquity. It was they which led to the appearance of monuments of the megalithic tradition in the Northwestern Black Sea region (Usatovo), in the North Caucasus (Novosvobodnaya), in the Urals, and in Central Asia (Chemurchek) in the 4th - 3rd millennia B.C. This also caused the spread of the tradition of Yamnaya culture to Central Europe, the appearance of the Corded Ware cultures and many other changes. However, the general process of climate change could not be a trigger for migrations. These were short-term drastic climatic changes, which are recorded by dendrochronology. The latter can also be used as chronological markers, making it possible to create the Eurasian chronology independent of radiocarbon analyses, which have too wide confidence intervals. This approach made it possible to determine the date of the Yamnaya migration to the Carpathian Basin and the formation of the Corded Ware cultures ca. 2910/2850 B.C., and the date of the Fatyanovo migration from Europe to the east ca. 2564 B.C. Unfortunately, the dates of the appearance of megaliths in the east are not determined with a similar accuracy, due to the impossibility to verify this with alternative sources. Their appearance can be dated to ca. the mid-4th millennium B.C. in Eastern Europe, in the last quarter of the 4th millennium B.C. in the Urals, and in the 25th century B.C. in Central Asia.

Resumen Al estudiar los procesos históricos de la antigüedad, enfrentamos el problema de la cronología, ya que los intervalos de confianza de las fechas de radiocarbono son demasiado amplios, al igual que los tiempos de vida de determinados tipos de artefactos. Una solución puede ser estudiar la aparición de nuevas culturas como resultado de migraciones. Al respecto, los cambios climáticos fueron uno de los estímulos más importantes de las mismas en la Antigüedad. El clima permite explicar la aparición de monumentos de tradición megalítica en la región noroccidental del Mar Negro (Usatovo), en el Cáucaso septentrional (Novosvobodnaya), en los Urales y en Asia central (Chemurchek) entre el cuarto y tercer milenio a.C., y también la propagación de la cultura Yamnaya en Europa central, la aparición de las culturas de la Cerámica Cordada (“Corded Ware”), entre otros cambios. Sin embargo, el proceso general de cambio climático no pudo ser el desencadenante de las migraciones, sino que estas fueron fomentadas por cambios climáticos drásticos a corto plazo registrados por la dendrocronología. Las ventajas de la aproximación dendrocronológica es que puede utilizarse como proxy temporal, de manera independiente a los análisis de radiocarbono, los cuales tienen intervalos de confianza demasiado amplios. El enfoque dendrocronológico permitió determinar la fecha de la migración Yamnaya a la cuenca de los Cárpatos y la formación de las culturas de la Cerámica Cordada hacia ca. 2910-2850 a.C., y la fecha de la migración Fatyanovo desde Europa central hacia el Este hacia ca. 2564 a.C. Desgraciadamente, las fechas de aparición de los megalitos en el Este no se determinan con una precisión similar, debido a la imposibilidad de verificarlo con fuentes alternativas. Su aparición puede fecharse hacia mediados del cuarto milenio a.C. en Europa Oriental, en los últimos siglos del cuarto milenio a.C. en los Urales y hacia mediados del tercer milenio a.C. en Asia Central.

A transição para sistemas alimentares sustentáveis tem ocupado lugar central na agenda de organizações, governos e empresas. Embora o tema comporte em si mesmo um horizonte de futuro, as discussões frequentemente limitam-se a diagnósticos sobre a trajetória histórica das transformações na agricultura. De outro modo, em diálogo com a literatura sociológica sobre como os futuros imaginados moldam as mudanças sociais, este artigo analisa as expectativas ficcionais que orientam as estratégias de transição construídas por organizações da agricultura familiar no Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo foi conduzido entre maio e dezembro de 2023 por meio da articulação de análise prospectiva e técnicas de pesquisa-ação. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, surveys e grupos focais que envolveram representantes de 21 organizações. A partir da identificação dos fatores críticos para a transição, o artigo discute duas questões insuficientemente tratadas pela literatura: as mudanças nas expectativas quando os atores sociais são expostos ao imperativo da crítica pública e a força dos mecanismos institucionais de dependência de trajetória (ou seja, do passado) sobre os futuros imaginados.

The transition to sustainable food systems has been a central topic on the agenda of organizations, governments, and companies. Although the topic itself encompasses a horizon of future, discussions are often limited to diagnoses of the historical trajectory of transformations in agriculture. In contrast, engaging a dialogue with the sociological literature on how imagined futures shape social changes, this article analyzes the fictional expectations that guide the transition strategies constructed by family farming organizations on the Litoral Norte of Rio Grande do Sul. The study was conducted between May and December 2023 through the articulation of prospective analysis and action research techniques. Data were collected through interviews, surveys, and focus groups involving representatives of 21 organizations. Based on the identification of critical factors for the transition, the article discusses two issues insufficiently addressed in the literature: changes in expectations when social actors are exposed to the imperative of public criticism and the strength of institutional mechanisms of path dependence (i.e., of the past) on imagined futures.