Abstract: Computational psychiatry (CP), based on artificial intelligence technology, plays an increasingly important role in scientific research and medical diagnosis. Epistemic concerns in the ethics of artificial intelligence have also been at the center of debate in CP, but the different epistemic forms of injustice caused by the internal cultures of CP remain unexplained. We distinguish between data-driven and theory-driven cultures and their research purposes via practical examples of CP models deployed in addiction. A data-driven culture may advance medical understanding of biological categories of mental illness, whereas a theory-driven culture provides better explanatory mechanisms between symptoms and biology. We discuss testimonial injustice caused by the silencing of patient voices in a data-driven culture, and hermeneutic injustice caused by the non-sharing of hermeneutic resources in theory-driven culture based on Miranda Fricker’s account of epistemic injustice. We analyze the factors underlying nuances in epistemic forms between the two, such as naturalistic-dominated medical understanding and the system’s epistemic privileging. The above epistemic risks all indicate the intricacies of mental disorders and require that success be assessed in terms of actual benefit to patients. Finally, we emphasize the importance of the patient’s phenomenology and call for greater inclusion of patients in psychiatric decision-making processes.

Resumen: La psiquiatría computacional (PC), basada en la tecnología de la inteligencia artificial, desempeña un papel cada vez más importante en la investigación científica y el diagnóstico médico. Las preocupaciones epistémicas en la ética de la inteligencia artificial también han estado en el centro del debate en la PC, pero las diferentes formas epistémicas de injusticia causadas por las culturas internas de la PC siguen sin explicarse. Distinguimos entre las culturas basadas en los datos y las impulsadas por la teoría y sus propósitos de investigación mediante ejemplos prácticos de modelos de CP mostrados en la adicción. Una cultura impulsada por los datos puede hacer avanzar la comprensión médica de las categorías biológicas de las enfermedades mentales, mientras que una cultura impulsada por la teoría proporciona mejores mecanismos explicativos entre los síntomas y la biología. Basándonos en el relato de Miranda Fricker sobre la injusticia epistémica, discutimos la injusticia testimonial causada por el silenciamiento de los pacientes en una cultura centrada en los datos y la injusticia hermenéutica causada por el hecho de no compartir estos recursos en una cultura centrada en la teoría, Analizamos los factores que subyacen a los matices en las formas epistémicas entre ambas, como la comprensión médica dominada por el naturalismo y el privilegio epistémico del sistema. Todos los riesgos mencionados indican la complejidad de los trastornos mentales y exigen que el éxito se evalúe en términos de beneficio real para los pacientes. Por último, hacemos hincapié en la importancia de la fenomenología del paciente y pedimos una mayor inclusión de los pacientes en los procesos de toma de decisiones psiquiátricas.

Resumo: Psiquiatria computacional (PC), baseada na tecnologia da inteligência artificial, tem um papel crescentemente importante na pesquisa científica e no diagnóstico médico. Preocupações epistêmicas na ética da inteligência artificial tem também estado no centro das discussões da PC, mas as diferentes formas epistêmicas de injustiça causadas pelas culturas internas da PC permanecem inexplicáveis. Distinguimos entre culturas orientadas por dados e orientada por teorias e seus propósitos de pesquisa via exemplos práticos de modelos de PC empregados em dependências. Uma cultura orientada por dados pode avançar a compreensão médica de categorias biológicas de doença mental, enquanto uma cultura orientada por teorias fornece melhores mecanismos explicativos entre sintomas e biologia. Discutimos injustiça testemunhal causada pelo silenciamento de vozes de pacientes em uma cultura orientada por dados e injustiça hermenêutica causada pelo não compartilhamento de recursos hermenêuticos em cultura orientada por teorias, baseados no relato de Miranda Fricker sobre injustiça epistêmica. Analisamos os fatores subjacentes às nuances nas formas epistêmicas entre os dois, tais como a compreensão médica dominada pelo naturalismo e o privilégios epistêmicos do sistema. Todos os riscos epistêmicos citados anteriormente indicam as complexidades dos transtornos mentais e requerem que sucesso seja avaliado em termos de benefício real aos pacientes. Finalmente, enfatizamos a importância da fenomenologia do paciente e clamamos por maior inclusão de pacientes em processos de tomada de decisão psiquiátrica.

The industrial world has witnessed an increased demand for computing based skills due to the advent of robotics, artificial intelligence, and analytics. However, the learning of computer programming is challenging and requires an intensive cognitive effort to attain a high degree of skill and expertise. Given this phenomenon, this study undertook to ascertain the factors that influence proficiency in computer programming. The study adopted a quantitative approach and a survey research strategy, guided by a conceptual model. A survey questionnaire was designed as the primary source of data collection. The respondents comprised students who were enrolled for Information Systems and Technology (IT) courses at a higher education institution. The main factors that were identified as significant predictors of computer programming performance were Problem-Solving Ability and Self-Efficacy. The findings contribute to enhancing computer programming pedagogy, which could lead to enhanced student performance in assessment, and validation of the conceptual model. Categories · Social & programming topics ~ Professional topics · Computing Education ~ Computer science education/Information Technology/Information systems

RESUMEN El trabajo expone los resultados del proyecto de extensión universitaria que se titula “Tecno-Historia MDQ II. El Museíto informático de la EESTN3” e impulsa la construcción de un pequeño museo histórico-educativo de la informática nacional con artefactos que -puestos en valor a modo de dispositivo pedagógico- se orientan a las audiencias escolares y al público en general. En dicho proyecto se afrontaron, al menos, tres conjuntos de problemas: las discusiones y acciones respecto de la activación patrimonial de artefactos informáticos; la vinculación entre el debate académico sobre las historias de la informática nacional, su enseñanza y comunicación pública; y, finalmente, el cruce entre la historia, la memoria y los procesos de patrimonialización en el marco de la democratización del conocimiento sobre la informática.

ABSTRACT The paper presents the results of an extension university project entitled “Tecno-History MDQ II. The Museíto informático de la EESTN3” promotes the construction of a small historical-educational museum of national informatics with artefacts that are oriented to school audiences and the general public. These artefacts are considering as a pedagogical device, with the aim to recover his value. In this extension project, at least three sets of problems were addressed: the discussions and actions regarding the heritage activation of computer artefacts; the link between the academic debate on the history of national computing, its teaching and public communication; and, finally, the intersection between history, memory and heritage processes in the framework of the democratisation of knowledge about computing.

RESUMO O trabalho apresenta os resultados do projeto de extensão universitária intitulado “Tecno-História MDQ II. O Museu da Informática EESTN3” e promove a construção de um pequeno museu histórico-educativo da informático nacional com artefatos que - valorizados como dispositivo pedagógico - se destinam ao público escolar e ao público em geral. Neste projeto foram enfrentados pelo menos três conjuntos de problemas: as discussões e ações relativas à ativação patrimonial de artefatos informáticos; a ligação entre o debate acadêmico sobre as histórias da informática nacional, seu ensino e comunicação pública; e, por fim, a intersecção entre história, memória e processos patrimoniais no quadro da democratização do conhecimento sobre a informática.

RESUMEN La investigación centró su estudio en la formación desde la alfabetización informacional, de competencias informacionales e investigativas en el profesional de las Ciencias Informáticas. El estudio destaca la importancia de desarrollar competencias informacionales integradas a las investigativas en los estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado en un mundo, cada vez más, basado en la tecnología y la información y desplegar acciones de investigación, desarrollo e innovación que contribuyan al desarrollo social. La experiencia surge a partir de insatisfacciones constatadas en las memorias escritas de diferentes trabajos de curso, diplomas, extraclases y tesinas, así como en las exposiciones de diferentes ejercicios de evaluación final. A tales efectos, se propone un conjunto de acciones para contribuir al desarrollo de competencias informacionales e investigativas que parten de un diagnóstico de necesidades, debilidades y fortalezas que revelan las particularidades de los estudiantes que cursan estudios en la modalidad semipresencial en el Centro de Estudio de Tecnologías y Sistemas. Como resultados se presentan, además, el diseño temático de los cursos aplicados como asignatura optativa en el pregrado y diplomado en la formación continua del profesional. La propuesta fue valorada mediante la consulta a especialistas con resultados positivos, e introducida en la práctica educativa donde se evidenciaron sus posibilidades de transformación.

ABSTRACT The research focused its study on the training from information literacy, informational and investigative skills in the Information Science professional. The study highlights the importance of developing informational skills integrated with research in undergraduate and graduate students in a world increasingly based on technology and information, and deploying research, development and innovation actions that contribute to social development. The experience arises from dissatisfactions verified in the written memories of different course work, diplomas, extraclasses and dissertations, as well as in the presentations of different final evaluation exercises. To this end, a set of actions is proposed to contribute to the development of informational and investigative competencies that start from a diagnosis of needs, weaknesses, and strengths that reveal the particularities of students who study in the blended modality at the Center for the Study of Technologies and Systems. As results are also presented, the thematic design of the courses applied as an optional subject in the undergraduate and graduate in the continuous training of the professional. The proposal was evaluated by consulting specialists with positive results, and introduced into educational practice where its possibilities for transformation were evident.

RESUMEN Fundamento: los sistemas educativos enfrentan el desafío de utilizar las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones para proveer a sus estudiantes de las herramientas y conocimientos necesarios impuestos en el siglo XXI. Objetivo: diseñar la estructura temática del libro electrónico para la asignatura Informática Básica en las ciencias médicas. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo con enfoque cualitativo en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas “Calixto García” en el curso 2022. Se utilizaron métodos de nivel teórico: histórico-lógico, sistémico estructural, modelación e inductivo- deductivo. En el nivel empírico: entrevista y cuestionario para verificar los nexos y relaciones que se ofrecen en los referentes teóricos relacionados con las características que debe poseer un libro de texto como medio de enseñanza en el proceso docente educativo. Resultados: se elaboró el libro electrónico de Informática Básica donde su tuvieron en cuenta los objetivos y desarrollo de habilidades declarados en el programa de la asignatura; contiene cinco temas; está estructurado en portada, índice y capítulos; tiene ejercicios propuestos y ejercicios resueltos, diagramas, animaciones e imágenes, vínculos donde se puede extraer información adicional y precisa, y múltiples documentos bibliográficos. Conclusiones: el libro electrónico para la asignatura Informática Básica fortalece el desarrollo del proceso docente educativo y sirve de base para la formación de habilidades una vez graduado el estudiante. Fue valorado como adecuado acorde a los objetivos del curso, por los expertos consultados.

ABSTRACT Background: educational systems face the challenge of using information and communications technologies to provide their students with the necessary tools and knowledge imposed in the 21st century. Objective: design the thematic structure of the electronic book for the subject Basic Computing in medical sciences. Methods: a development research with a qualitative approach was carried out at the “Calixto García” Faculty of Medical Sciences in the 2022 academic year. Theoretical level methods were used: historical-logical, structural systemic, modeling and inductive-deductive. At the empirical level: interview and questionnaire to verify the links and relationships offered in the theoretical references related to the characteristics that a textbook should have as a teaching aid for the teaching-learning process. Results: the Basic Computing electronic book was prepared where the objectives and development of skills declared in the subject program were taken into account; it contains five topics; It is structured into a cover, index and chapters; It has proposed exercises and solved exercises, diagrams, animations and images, links where additional and precise information can be extracted, and multiple bibliographic documents. Conclusions: the electronic book for the Basic Computing subject strengthens the development of the educational teaching process and serves as a basis for the formation of skills once the student graduates. It was assessed as adequate according to the objectives of the course, by the experts consulted.

Abstract Intrusion detection in Fog-Assisted Wireless Sensor Networks (Fog-WSNs) is a critical security measure designed to protect the functionality and integrity of these networks. Fog computing extends the abilities of traditional WSNs by introducing edge devices or fog nodes that can process data and provide computational resources. Intrusion detection in Fog-WSNs is vital to maintain the privacy and security of data generated and transmitted by sensors and processed at the fog node. Machine learning (ML) algorithms are widely employed to detect intrusion. These models can be trained on historical data to detect known attack patterns and can adapt to emerging threats. By implementing effective intrusion detection mechanisms, these networks can alleviate risks and ensure the reliable operation of critical applications in different fields namely IoT, smart cities, and industrial automation. This study designs an Intrusion Detection using Binary Arithmetic Optimization with Sparse Auto encoder (BAOA-SAE) technique for Fog Assisted WSN. The major aim of BAOA-SAE method is to recognize and classify the presence of the intrusions in the network. Primarily, the BAOA-SAE method focuses on the election of prominent features in the network data. Next, the SAE model is implemented to categorize the presence of intrusions. To improve the intrusion rate, the BAOA-SAE technique employs bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA). A broad range of simulated outcomes were performed on benchmark IDS dataset. The extensive outcomes highlighted the high efficiency of the BAOA-SAE method over other existing techniques. FogAssisted FogWSNs (Fog-WSNs resources node ML (ML threats mechanisms IoT cities automation BAOASAE BAOA (BAOA-SAE WSN Primarily Next rate BFOA. BFOA . (BFOA) dataset techniques (BFOA

Abstract What are the determinations that can guide our research to analyze the advance of the extreme right in the world? To this end, the proposed question considers the relationship between technology and politics, and aims to analyze the Global Technopolitical Network of the Far Right. The proposed challenge is to unveil the different articulations that define the formation of the technopolitical network. Its objective is to identify its agents, examine the division of tasks, analyze its articulations and the narratives that circulate within it, to demonstrate that its communication vectors produce a collective subjectivity of the extreme right. We highlight the participation of the influence industry which, through its algorithms, produces data analysis capable of recognizing target social groups which identify themselves by their way of thinking, doing, and being shared to whom fake news is directed, thus producing a “parallel reality” and “cognitive dissonance”. It transforms power relations in the world to benefit authoritarian and conservative values. The methodology’s starting point is interdisciplinarity, which combines knowledge of political science, communication, computing and geography. The data collection focuses on the action structure of the global far-right network and its representation in Brazil. The procedures are supported by a database that documents the information and application of computer programs to represent the networks. The analytical results identify the actors and agents, examine the division of labor in the technopolitical network to analyze their narratives, the processes and strategies of right-wing power, and demonstrate the expansion of political participation beyond political parties. No less important is revealing the connections between the global extreme right and the extreme right in Brazil and their consequences for democracy in the world. end politics Right agents tasks it algorithms thinking doing directed parallel reality cognitive dissonance. dissonance . dissonance” values methodologys methodology s interdisciplinarity science geography farright far networks rightwing wing parties

Resumo Quais são as determinações que podem orientar a nossa investigação para analisar o avanço da extrema direita no mundo? Para tanto, a questão proposta considera as relações entre tecnologia e política e tem por objeto a análise da Rede Tecnopolítica Global de Extrema Direita. O desafio proposto é desvendar as diferentes articulações que definem a formação da rede tecnopolítica, sendo seu objetivo identificar seus agentes, examinar a divisão do trabalho, analisar suas articulações e as narrativas que nela circulam, para demonstrar que seus vetores de comunicação produzem uma subjetividade coletiva de extrema direita. Destacamos a participação da indústria da influência que, por meio de seus algoritmos, produz a análise de dados capaz de reconhecer os grupos sociais-alvo, que se identificam pelo modo de pensar, fazer e ser compartilhado, para os quais são direcionadas as fakes news, que produzem uma “realidade paralela” e “dissonância cognitiva”. Transforma as relações de poder no mundo em benefício de valores autoritários e conservadores. A metodologia tem por ponto de partida a interdisciplinaridade, que associa conhecimentos de ciência política, da comunicação, da computação e geografia. O levantamento de dados foca na estrutura de ação da rede de extrema direita global e sua representação no Brasil. Os procedimentos estão apoiados num banco de dados que documenta a informação e aplicação de programas de informática para representação das redes. Os resultados analíticos identificam os atores e agentes, examinam a divisão do trabalho na rede tecnopolítica para analisar suas narrativas, os processos e estratégias do poder de direita, e demonstrar a ampliação da participação política para além dos partidos políticos. Não menos importante é revelar as articulações entre a extrema direita global com a extrema direita do Brasil e seus desdobramentos sobre a democracia no mundo. tanto Direita agentes circulam algoritmos sociaisalvo, sociaisalvo sociais alvo, alvo sociais-alvo pensar compartilhado news realidade paralela dissonância cognitiva. cognitiva . cognitiva” conservadores interdisciplinaridade geografia redes políticos

Resumen ¿Cuáles son las determinaciones que pueden guiar nuestra investigación para analizar el avance de la extrema derecha en el mundo? Para ello, la pregunta propuesta considera la relación entre tecnología y política, y pretende analizar la Red Tecnopolítica Global de la Extrema Derecha. El desafío propuesto es develar las diferentes articulaciones que definen la formación de la red tecnopolítica. Su objetivo es identificar a sus agentes, examinar la división del trabajo, analizar sus articulaciones y las narrativas que circulan en ella, para demostrar que sus vectores de comunicación producen una subjetividad colectiva de la extrema derecha. Destacamos la participación de la industria de la influencia que, a través de sus algoritmos, produce análisis de datos capaces de reconocer grupos sociales objetivo, que se identifican por su forma de pensar, hacer y ser compartido. A quién se dirigen las fake news, que producen una “realidad paralela” y una “disonancia cognitiva”. Transforma las relaciones de poder en el mundo en beneficio de los valores autoritarios y conservadores. El punto de partida de la metodología es la interdisciplinariedad, que combina conocimientos de ciencias políticas, comunicación, informática y geografía. La recopilación de datos se centra en la estructura de acción de la red global de extrema derecha y su representación en Brasil. Los procedimientos están respaldados por una base de datos que documenta la información y aplicación de programas informáticos para representar las redes. Los resultados analíticos identifican a los actores y agentes, examinan la división del trabajo en la red tecnopolítica para analizar sus narrativas, los procesos y estrategias del poder de derecha, y demuestran la expansión de la participación política más allá de los partidos políticos. No menos importante es revelar las conexiones entre la extrema derecha global y la extrema derecha en Brasil y sus consecuencias para la democracia en el mundo. Cuáles ello Derecha agentes ella algoritmos pensar compartido news realidad paralela disonancia cognitiva. cognitiva . cognitiva” conservadores interdisciplinariedad políticas geografía redes políticos

Inicialmente destinados a reproduzir os fenômenos encontrados em análogos cristalinos, os sistemas de spins artificiais reivindicaram uma fenomenologia própria, levando a uma nova linha de pesquisa de bastante interesse em física da matéria condensada. A exploração de arquiteturas de redes, materiais e técnicas de mapeamento magnético não só proporcionaram um melhor entendimento da relação entre fenômenos e modelos estatísticos como permitiram o estudo de fenômenos exóticos interessantes não encontrados na natureza. Tal combinação de ingredientes também proporcionou o surgimento de propostas de aplicações em dispositivos tecnológicos, principalmente relacionadas com computação não convencional, lógica magnética e tecnologia da informação. Esse artigo pretende introduzir os sistemas de spins artificiais e, em especial, os chamados gelos de spin artificiais, a alunos de final de graduação, início de pós-graduação e pesquisadores interessados em iniciar seus estudos no tema. cristalinos própria condensada redes natureza tecnológicos convencional informação especial graduação pósgraduação pós tema

Originally aimed at reproducing phenomena found in crystalline analogs, artificial spin systems have claimed their own phenomenology, leading to a new line of research of considerable interest in condensed matter physics. The exploration of network architectures, materials, and magnetic mapping techniques has not only provided a better understanding of the relationship between phenomena and statistical models but also allowed the study of interesting exotic phenomena not found in nature. This combination of elements has also led to proposals for applications in technological devices, mainly related to unconventional computing, magnetic logic, and information technology. This article aims to introduce artificial spin systems, particularly artificial spin ices, to advanced undergraduate students, early graduate students, and researchers interested in beginning their studies on the subject. analogs phenomenology physics architectures materials nature devices computing logic technology ices students subject

Objetivo: avaliar a usabilidade do sistema computacional “Apoio à Revisão Sistemática”. Método: estudo metodológico envolvendo 21 estudantes, que avaliaram o sistema computacional em um teste de usabilidade remoto e síncrono. Foram realizadas duas atividades, contendo 21 tarefas simulando as etapas iniciais de um estudo de revisão, propostas para eliminação de referências duplicadas, seleção de estudos e resolução de divergências entre avaliadores. No final, os participantes responderam ao questionário System Usability Scale . As medidas utilizadas foram: taxa de conclusão com assistência (eficácia) e tempo para concluir a tarefa (eficiência). Os dados foram descritos em tabela por meio de média, desvio-padrão, valores mínimo e máximo. Resultados: no total de 21 tarefas, os participantes apresentaram taxa de conclusão com assistência de 9% e tempo médio de 55,1 minutos (sendo 60 minutos o tempo esperado). A nota média fornecida pelo instrumento System Usability Scale foi 82,4 (considerando uma pontuação de 0 a 100), mediana 85; valor mínimo 35 e máximo 97,5. Conclusão: o sistema computacional apresenta parâmetros de eficácia e eficiência necessários a uma ferramenta computacional de revisão. Apresenta usabilidade de 82,4 em escala de 0 a 100 avaliada pelo instrumento System Usability Scale . A versão apresentada incorpora os ajustes identificados no teste em uso. Objetivo Apoio Sistemática. Sistemática Sistemática” Método 2 estudantes síncrono atividades revisão duplicadas avaliadores final (eficácia eficiência. (eficiência) desviopadrão, desviopadrão desvio padrão, padrão desvio-padrão Resultados 9 551 55 1 55, sendo 6 esperado. esperado esperado) 824 82 4 82, considerando 100, , 100) 85 3 975 97 5 97,5 Conclusão 10 uso (eficiência 8 97,

Objetivo: evaluar la usabilidad del sistema computacional “Apoyo a la Revisión Sistemática” Método: estudio metodológico involucrando a 21 estudiantes que evaluaron el sistema computacional en un test de usabilidad remoto y sincrónico. Se realizaron dos actividades, conteniendo 21 tareas simulando las etapas iniciales de un estudio de revisión, propuestas para la eliminación de referencias duplicadas, selección de estudios y resolución de divergencias entre evaluadores. Al final, los participantes respondieron al cuestionario System Usability Scale . Las medidas utilizadas fueron: tasa de conclusión con soporte (eficacia) y tiempo para concluir la tarea (eficiencia). Los datos fueron descritos en tabla mediante media, desviación estándar, valores mínimo y máximo. Resultados: en el total de 21 tareas, los participantes presentaron una tasa de conclusión con soporte del 9% y un tiempo medio de 55,1 minutos (siendo el tiempo esperado: 60 minutos). La nota media proporcionada por el instrumento System Usability Scale fue de 82,4 (considerando una puntuación de 0 a 100), mediana 85; valor mínimo 35 y máximo 97,5. Conclusión: el sistema computacional presenta parámetros de eficacia y eficiencia necesarios para una herramienta computacional de revisión. Presenta usabilidad de 82,4 en escala de 0 a 100 evaluada por el instrumento System Usability Scale . La versión presentada incorpora los ajustes identificados en el test en uso. Objetivo Apoyo Sistemática Método 2 sincrónico actividades revisión duplicadas evaluadores final (eficacia eficiencia. (eficiencia) estándar Resultados 9 551 55 1 55, siendo esperado 6 minutos. minutos) 824 82 4 82, considerando 100, , 100) 85 3 975 97 5 97,5 Conclusión 10 uso (eficiencia 8 97,

Objective: to evaluate the usability of the “Systematic Review Support” computer system. Method: methodological study involving 21 students who evaluated the computer system in a remote and synchronous usability test. Two activities were carried out, containing 21 tasks simulating the initial steps of a review study, proposals for eliminating duplicate references, selecting studies and resolving disagreements between evaluators. At the end, participants answered the System Usability Scale questionnaire. The measures used were: completion rate with assistance (effectiveness) and time to complete the task (efficiency). The data was described in a table using the mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values. Results: in a total of 21 tasks, the participants had an assisted completion rate of 9% and an average time of 55.1 minutes (the expected time being 60 minutes). The average score provided by the System Usability Scale instrument was 82.4 (considering a score from 0 to 100), median 85; minimum value 35 and maximum 97.5. Conclusion: the computer system has the effectiveness and efficiency parameters required of a computer review tool. It has a usability score of 82.4 on a scale of 0 to 100 assessed by the System Usability Scale instrument. The version presented incorporates the adjustments identified in the test in use. Objective Systematic Support Method 2 out references evaluators end questionnaire (effectiveness efficiency. . (efficiency) mean deviation values Results 9 551 55 1 55. 6 minutes. minutes) 824 82 4 82. considering 100, , 100) 85 3 975 97 5 97.5 Conclusion tool 10 use (efficiency 8 97.

BACKGROUND: South African universities are dealing with concerning socio-economic issues and budgetary limits that affect university operations negatively. It is no longer viable for most universities to purchase and maintain information technology (IT) infrastructure systems while also keeping up with the ever-changing technology across the world OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to explore the benefits that come with infrastructure as a service (IaaS), as compared to the on-premises model that is currently used by most South African universities METHOD: This article adopts both transaction cost theory (TCT) and diffusion of innovation theory (DOI) as the underpinning theories. The interpretivist paradigm was applied to gain a comprehensive understanding of how university management perceives IaaS adoption RESULTS: The results introduce three new and critical factors that need to be considered by university managers whenever they want to move their on-premises IT model to cloud IaaS: trust, security and attitude CONCLUSION: The research finds that IaaS offers advantages in scalability, flexibility, accessibility and on-demand deployment. These findings underscore the importance of addressing barriers to IaaS adoption within the specific context of South African universities CONTRIBUTION: The findings of this article add to the cloud computing literature, by presenting a new model that IT decision-makers can utilise when considering moving their on-premises IT infrastructure to IaaS in South African universities. The article recommends that future research could expand the number of universities from which data are collected

BACKGROUND: South African insurance companies are under pressure to adapt to the constantly changing environment and customer-changing requirements. Agile software development presents itself as a viable solution for swiftly meeting these demands. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the current utilisation of agile methodologies within the South African insurance sector; this article aims to bridge this gap. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this theme is to fully understand the extensive level of the experience for the participants and the nature of projects the participants have been involved in and lastly time frames of the projects and how long have insurance been using agile methodology. METHOD: For this study, purposive sampling that involves the selection of the units to be observed based on your own judgement about which ones were the most useful or representative will be applied. The criteria were based on the participants having played a role as stakeholder in a project that has used agile methodology within the selected organisation within the past 3 years to remain relevant to this study purpose. RESULTS: The identified pattens from the respondents showed that agile methodology is currently utilised for the following in the selected insurance company. • software upgrades • new product • new function CONCLUSION: In summary, the current state of agile methodology utilisation in a South African insurance company is associated with application transformation to cloud computing, work transformation, onboarding of new applicants, environment enhancements, schema amendment, introduction of new product such as sales force, automating insurance claims documents, scheme enhancement, fund anniversary and renewal of people's schemes. CONTRIBUTION: This comprehensive research significantly contributes to the body of knowledge, shaping the strategic direction of agile methodologies within software development project environments.

BACKGROUND: Public procurement plays a pivotal role in the South African economy and accounts for a significant portion of public expenditure. The effective management of procurement processes is crucial for ensuring that money is spent wisely and there is an efficient service delivery. However, the paper-based procurement systems have been plagued by inefficiencies. OBJECTIVES: To address the challenges of paper-based procurement systems, the study developed a digital procurement framework. The development of a digital procurement framework for the South African public sector represents a strategic response to these challenges and aims to leverage cutting-edge digital technologies to revolutionise the way that the government procures goods and services. METHOD: The study followed a qualitative research methodology in which content analysis was used to identify themes. Subsequently, a thematic analysis was conducted to formulate the components of the proposed framework. The study facilitated an understanding of the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing. RESULTS: The literature revealed that Industry 4.0 technologies are crucial as they present opportunities which are consistent with legislation like scalability, cost efficiency, collaboration, transparency, accountability and process efficiency. CONCLUSION: Implementing procurement reforms effectively will result in a public sector procurement system that is responsible, offers value for money and ensures high-quality service delivery. CONTRIBUTION: The study contributed to the body of knowledge by providing a guide for a digital procurement of South Africa's public sector and impact of technology on public procurement.

Abstract Quantum computers use the properties of quantum physics to perform information storage and processing operations. The operation of these computers involves concepts such as entanglement and superposition, which endow them with a great processing power that even surpasses that of the most powerful current supercomputers, while consuming significantly lower amounts of energy. The different studies analyzed in this review article suggest that quantum computing will have a deep impact in areas such as finance, logistics, transportation, space and automotive technology, materials science, energy, pharmaceutical and healthcare industry, cybersecurity, and agriculture. In digital agriculture, several applications that could be executed more efficiently in quantum computers for data processing and understanding of biological processes were identified and exemplified. These applications are grouped here into the following four areas: bioinformatics, remote sensing, climate modeling, and smart farming. This article also explores the strategic importance of mastering quantum computing, highlights some advantages in relation to classical computing, and presents a mapping of the services already available, enabling institutions to undertake strategic planning for the incorporation of quantum computing into their development processes. Finally, the challenges for the implementation of quantum computing are highlighted, along with some ongoing initiatives aimed at furthering research at the forefront of knowledge in this area applied to digital agriculture. operations superposition supercomputers energy finance logistics transportation technology science industry cybersecurity agriculture exemplified bioinformatics sensing modeling farming available Finally highlighted

Resumo Os computadores quânticos usam as propriedades da física quântica para realizar operações de armazenamento e processamento de informações. A operação desses computadores envolve conceitos como emaranhamento e superposição, que os dotam de grande poder de processamento que supera até mesmo o dos mais poderosos supercomputadores atuais, consumindo quantidades significativamente menores de energia. Os diferentes estudos analisados neste artigo de revisão sugerem que a computação quântica terá impacto profundo em áreas como finanças, logística, transporte, tecnologia espacial e automotiva, ciência dos materiais, energia, indústria farmacêutica e de saúde, segurança cibernética e agricultura. Na agricultura digital, foram identificadas e exemplificadas várias aplicações que poderiam ser executadas de forma mais eficiente em computadores quânticos para processamento de dados e compreensão de processos biológicos. Essas aplicações são agrupadas aqui nas quatro seguintes áreas: bioinformática, sensoriamento remoto, modelagem climática e agricultura inteligente. Este artigo também explora a importância estratégica do domínio da computação quântica, destaca algumas vantagens em relação à computação clássica e apresenta um mapeamento dos serviços já disponíveis, o que permitirá que instituições empreendam um planejamento estratégico para incorporar a computação quântica em seus processos de desenvolvimento. Por fim, são destacados os desafios para a implementação da computação quântica, juntamente com algumas iniciativas em andamento que visam aprofundar a pesquisa na vanguarda do conhecimento nesta área aplicada à agricultura digital. informações superposição atuais energia finanças logística transporte automotiva materiais saúde digital biológicos bioinformática remoto inteligente disponíveis desenvolvimento fim

Abstract In this work, I attempt to recover the relevance of Simondon's philosophical approach to analyze computational technologies, highlighting the validity of those ideas formulated in a different technological context, trying at the same time to outline some divergences caused by the appearance of radical novelties in the technology itself. In this sense, our idea is to replicate Simondon's method or gesture to understand technical objects, listening to what they have to say, establishing a dialogue with them and trying to build a conceptual view that is faithful to their uniqueness. In the case of computers and computing, it is possible that we are no longer faced with (only) a new technical object, but rather their peculiarities turn them into something much more multifaceted and complex. Another objective of this investigation will be to evaluate this possibility. work Simondons Simondon s technologies context itself sense objects say uniqueness computing only (only object complex possibility

Resumen En este trabajo, me propongo recuperar la relevancia de la propuesta filosófica de Simondon para analizar las tecnologías computacionales, resaltando la vigencia de esas ideas formuladas en un contexto tecnológico disímil, tratando a la vez de delinear algunas divergencias originadas por la aparición de novedades radicales en la tecnología misma. En este sentido, la idea es replicar el método o gesto de Simondon para comprender los objetos técnicos, oyendo qué tienen para decir, estableciendo un diálogo con ellos e intentando construir una mirada conceptual que sea fiel a su singularidad. En el caso de las computadoras y la computación es posible que no nos encontremos ya frente a (solo) un nuevo objeto técnico, sino que sus peculiaridades las convierten en algo mucho más multifacético y complejo. Otro de los objetivos de esta indagación será evaluar esta posibilidad. trabajo computacionales disímil misma sentido técnicos decir singularidad solo (solo técnico complejo posibilidad

BACKGROUND: Users with knowledge of an organisation can pose risks to Cloud Computing, including current and past employees and external stakeholders with access to the organisation's cloud. These insiders may engage in intentional or unintentional disruptive behaviors, causing significant harm to the organisation. A study focused on insider threats in South African higher education examined the tactics used by cybersecurity leaders to enforce cybersecurity policies OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to develop a comprehensive insider mitigation framework for cloud leakage in a South African University METHOD: The study employed qualitative methodologies and a case study approach. Open-ended interviews were conducted to collect data from the participants. The collected data was coded and analysed using ATLAS.ti 22 RESULTS: The study's findings revealed that some of the major sources of cloud leakage are a lack of effective training, ineffective information security (IS) policy regulation, and the implementation of information security awareness workshops that provided advice on how information security should be managed in the university CONCLUSION: Insider threats pose a serious risk to organisations. To mitigate this threat, it is crucial for organisations to establish strong security policies and closely monitor employee activities. By conducting a thorough assessment of insider threats, organisations can enhance their understanding of this dynamic threat and strengthen their defenses CONTRIBUTION: Although every employee is ultimately responsible for an organisation's security, the most effective IS programmes demonstrate strong top-level leadership by setting a 'tone at the top' and promoting the benefits of IS through careful policy and guidance