RESUMO: O ensino de anatomia vem se modificando ao longo dos anos, introduzindo métodos tecnológicos, principalmente após o período pandêmico. Questiona-se o uso exclusivo da tecnologia em comparação aos métodos tradicionais de dissecação e aulas teóricas presenciais no que diz respeito à aquisição de conhecimento. Este artigo analisou a percepção de conhecimento de alunos de diversos semestres do curso de Medicina Veterinária, comparando alunos que tiveram aulas apenas online com aqueles que tiveram aulas presenciais de Anatomia Descritiva dos Animais Domésticos. Para tanto, questões foram enviadas por meio de formulário, com preenchimento voluntário e anônimo, e posteriormente analisadas estatisticamente. Os resultados indicam que 11,5% dos alunos que cursaram a disciplina remotamente falharam na aplicação dos conhecimentos em outras disciplinas, enquanto nenhum aluno do ensino presencial relatou o mesmo. A maioria dos alunos, tanto dos grupos remotos quanto dos presenciais, lembram-se do assunto, mas revisam o conteúdo com frequência. Em relação ao conhecimento teórico, o grupo online (80,8%) compreendeu melhor à medida que o curso avançava, comparado a 59,6% do grupo presencial. A ligação entre Anatomia e outras disciplinas foi mais destacada pelo grupo presencial (30,8%) em comparação ao online (15,4%). Ambos os grupos concordam que o contacto físico com peças anatômicas é essencial, mas alguns consideram possível ter um primeiro contacto com imagens ou fotografias 3D. Baseado nesse estudo preliminar, conclui-se que as interações iniciais com a área de Anatomia devem incluir técnicas pedagógicas diversificadas com comunicação empática. A utilização de recursos tecnológicos modernos é um aliado do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, e após a abstração dos conteúdos é possível o uso singular da tecnologia na manutenção e atualização do conhecimento anatômico. RESUMO anos pandêmico Questionase Questiona Veterinária Domésticos formulário anônimo estatisticamente 115 11 5 11,5 mesmo lembramse lembram assunto frequência teórico 80,8% 808 80 8 (80,8% avançava 596 59 6 59,6 30,8% 308 30 (30,8% 15,4%. 154 15,4% . 15 4 (15,4%) essencial 3D D preliminar concluise conclui empática ensinoaprendizagem, ensinoaprendizagem aprendizagem, aprendizagem ensino-aprendizagem anatômico 1 11, 80,8 (80,8 59, 30,8 3 (30,8 15,4 (15,4% 80, (80, 30, (30, 15, (15,4 (80 (30 (15, (8 (3 (15 ( (1

ABSTRACT: Anatomy teaching has been changing over the years, introducing technological methods especially after the pandemic period. An ongoing debate revolves around whether exclusive reliance on technology for anatomy classes, as opposed to traditional methods and face-to-face instruction, enhances knowledge acquisition. This study analyzed the knowledge perception of students from various semesters throughout the Veterinary Medicine course, comparing students who only had online classes with those who had face-to-face classes in Gross Anatomy of Domestic Animals. For this purpose, a questionnaire was distributed for voluntary and anonymous completion, and the responses were subsequently analyzed statistically. The results indicated that 11.5% of the students who took Anatomy remotely failed to apply the knowledge in other subjects, while no face-to-face learning student reported the same. Most students, both remote and face-to-face groups, remember the subject but review the content frequently. Regarding theoretical knowledge, the online group (80.8%) understood better as the course progressed, compared to 59.6% of the face-to-face group. The connection between Anatomy and other subjects was more highlighted by the face-to-face group (30.8%) compared to the online group (15.4%). Both groups agree that physical contact with anatomical specimens is essential; however, some believe that initial exposure through 3D images or photographs is feasible. We concluded based on this preliminary study that the initial interactions with the Anatomy field should include diversified pedagogical techniques with empathetic communication. The use of modern technological resources are allies in the teaching-learning process. Furthermore, after abstracting the contents, technology alone can effectively maintain and update anatomical knowledge. ABSTRACT years period facetoface face instruction acquisition Animals purpose completion statistically 115 11 5 11.5 same frequently 80.8% 808 80 8 (80.8% progressed 596 59 6 59.6 30.8% 308 30 (30.8% 15.4%. 154 15.4% . 15 4 (15.4%) essential however D feasible communication teachinglearning process Furthermore contents 1 11. 80.8 (80.8 59. 30.8 3 (30.8 15.4 (15.4% 80. (80. 30. (30. 15. (15.4 (80 (30 (15. (8 (3 (15 ( (1

RESUMO: Novas ferramentas didáticas podem ampliar as alternativas pedagógicas para o ensino da anatomia comparada. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial do resíduo de isopor para a confecção de modelos didáticos viáveis para o ensino de anatomia comparada. A partir de um bloco primário, a escultura foi iniciada com uma faca ou cortador. Em seguida, as arestas foram removidas com lixa até se obter a forma anatómica final do órgão. A superfície da escultura era então coberta com papel embebido em uma solução aquosa de cola branca. Após a secagem, foi aplicada uma camada de resina, seguida de um polimento para uniformizar a superfície. Os modelos são acabados com tinta e selante à prova de água. Através dos protótipos didáticos, foi possível ampliar órgãos e estruturas naturalmente pequenos para dimensões maiores que favorecem o ensino prático. Isso facilita a abordagem didática de detalhes anatômicos indisponíveis em espécimes tradicionais. Além disso, seu uso minimiza os riscos à saúde humana pela exposição aos produtos tóxicos utilizados na conservação dos cadáveres e contribui para a preservação do meio ambiente. A eficácia dos modelos de resina injetada para o ensino da anatomia é já conhecida, o que torna a utilização de modelos anatómicos sintéticos uma metodologia válida, mas estes podem ter limitações em muitos países devido ao seu elevado custo e dificuldade de acesso. A nossa proposta oferece uma alternativa eficaz e de baixo custo para o ensino da anatomia comparada na prática. Quando combinados com outras técnicas, os resíduos de isopor revelaram-se viáveis para a fabricação de protótipos didáticos. RESUMO primário cortador órgão branca secagem água prático tradicionais disso ambiente conhecida válida acesso prática técnicas revelaramse revelaram

ABSTRACT: New teaching tools can expand the pedagogical alternatives for teaching comparative anatomy. This study evaluated the potential of Styrofoam waste for the manufacture of viable didactic models to teach comparative anatomy. From a primary block, the sculpting was started with a knife or cutter. After this, the edges were removed with sandpaper until the final anatomical shape of the organ was obtained. The surface of the sculpture was then covered with paper soaked in an aqueous solution of white glue. After drying, a layer of resin was applied, followed by polishing to even out the surface. The models are finished with paint and waterproof sealant. Through the teaching prototypes, it was possible to enlarge naturally small organs and structures to larger dimensions that favor practical teaching. This facilitates the didactic approach to anatomical details unavailable in traditional specimens. In addition, its use minimizes the risks to human health from exposure to the toxic products used to preserve cadavers and contributes to preserving the environment. The effectiveness of injected resin models for teaching anatomy is already known, which makes the use of synthetic anatomical models a valid methodology, but they may have limitations in many countries due to their high cost and difficulty of access. Our proposal offers an effective, low-cost alternative for teaching comparative anatomy in practice. When combined with other techniques, Styrofoam waste proved to be viable for the manufacture of teaching prototypes. ABSTRACT block cutter this obtained glue drying applied sealant prototypes specimens addition environment known methodology access effective lowcost low practice techniques

Abstract In this essay, the general objective was to carry out a systematic review to learn about studies related to the use of concept maps for lexical teaching in general basic education, being a topic that highlights the importance of the techniques and tools that can be used. by teachers to achieve a greater and better understanding of students. The PRISMA methodology version 2020 was used, being a statement that requires carrying out the identification, selection, and inclusion processes. 122 articles published in databases such as Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet, Google Scholar were reviewed, so it was necessary to carry out a systematic review to achieve the stated objective. Among the results, the number of 23 scientific articles was obtained that presented inquiries related to the main topic of study and that highlighted the importance of concept maps in lexical teaching. The largest number of articles reviewed have been prepared in Spain, followed by Peru, Cuba, Mexico, Colombia, Costa Rica, China and Venezuela. It is concluded that concept maps are a tool that can facilitate both teachers and basic education students, the process of teaching and learning about vocabulary and lexicon, promoting creativity, fluidity of ideas, memorization, being a teaching resource that strengthens the skills and competencies of students.

Resumen En el presente artículo se planteó como objetivo general efectuar una revisión sistemática para conocer estudios relacionados con el uso de mapas conceptuales para la enseñanza del léxico en la educación básica general, siendo un tema que releva la importancia de las técnicas y herramientas que pueden ser utilizadas por los docentes para lograr un mayor y mejor entendimiento de los alumnos. Se utilizó la metodología PRISMA versión 2020 siendo una declaración que requiere llevar a cabo los procesos de identificación, selección, inclusión. Se revisaron 122 artículos publicados en bases de datos como Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet, Google Académico, por lo que fue preciso efectuar una revisión sistemática para alcanzar el objetivo planteado. Dentro de los resultados se obtuvo la cantidad de 23 artículos científicos que presentaron indagaciones relacionadas con el tema principal de estudio y que relevaron la importancia que tienen los mapas conceptuales en la enseñanza del léxico. La mayor cantidad de artículos revisados han sido elaborados en España, seguidos de Perú, Cuba, México, Colombia, Costa Rica, China y Venezuela. Se concluye que los mapas conceptuales son una herramienta que pueden facilitar tanto a los docentes como a los alumnos de educación básica, el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje sobre el vocabulario y el léxico, fomentando la creatividad, fluidez de las ideas, memorización, siendo un recurso didáctico que fortalece las habilidades y competencias de los alumnos.

Resumen: La pandemia por COVID-19 influyó en el proceso de educación superior generando una transición entre la modalidad presencial a la modalidad en línea-emergente en la que se identificaron varias dificultades para el acceso debido a la inequidad, problemas tecnológicos, crisis de salud y económica a nivel mundial, y en Ecuador a nivel de docentes y estudiantes. El descubrimiento de conocimiento en bases de datos de KDD - Educacional, el análisis de técnicas de minería de datos de clasificación y agrupación, y el complemento de análisis de datos con la inteligencia de negocios determinaron los factores desde la perspectiva de la institución, del docente y de los estudiantes que inciden en el proceso de educación en línea, donde se demuestra además, la importancia del modelo de educación, la metodología del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, el entorno de aprendizaje y el bienestar de los docentes y estudiantes que garantizan una educación superior en línea de calidad con igualdad de oportunidades en el acceso.

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted higher education, forcing a rapid transition from face-to-face modality to the emerging online learning modality. This transition exposed several challenges, including, inequitable access to technology, global health and economic crisis, and specific difficulties faced by both teachers and students in Ecuador. Knowledge discovery in KDD - Educational databases, the analysis of classification and clustering data mining techniques and the complement of data analysis with business intelligence determined the factors from the perspective of the institution, teachers and students that influence the online education process. In addition, the importance of the education model, the teaching-learning process methodology, the learning environment, and the well-being of teachers and students that guarantee quality online higher education with equal access opportunities is demonstrated.

Resumo: O plano de estudos das carreiras de engenharia considera a formação em ciências básicas e ciências da engenharia. Portanto, esta análise aborda investigações que implementam metodologias ativas para o ensino de engenharia como construção de uma experiência formativa. As informações coletadas nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus e SciELO, sob o modelo PRISMA de revisão sistemática da literatura, analisaram as me- todologias ativas, os instrumentos de avaliação e seu enfoque e impactos curriculares. Obteve-se uma amostra de 646 artigos, dos quais, devido à aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, apenas 85 foram selecionados. A investigação concentra-se em matérias relacionadas às ciências da engenharia mediadas pela aprendizagem cooperativa e pela aprendizagem baseada em projetos; além disso, são utilizadas técnicas de coleta de dados baseadas em questionários e pesquisas focadas na experiência de inovação. Os impactos das decisões pedagó- gicas estão focados no desempenho acadêmico e na aquisição de conteúdos. Conclui-se que a configuração estabelecida entre o objeto de ensino e os sujeitos é mediada por experiências de aprendizagem nas quais interagem currículo, didática e avaliação. Isso permite aos estudantes mapear uma experiência formativa que aponta para a subjetivação, ou seja, reconstruir sua visão do mundo tanto no nível pessoal quanto profissional.

Resumen. El plan de estudio de las carreras de ingeniería considera una formación en ciencias básicas y ciencias de la ingeniería. Por lo que este análisis aborda las investigaciones que implementan metodologías activas para la enseñanza de la ingeniería como construcción de una experiencia formativa. La información recolectada en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y SciELO, bajo el modelo PRISMA de revisión sistemática de la literatura, analizó las metodologías activas, instrumentos de evaluación y su enfoque e impactos curriculares. Se obtuvo una muestra de 646 artículos, de los cuales, debido a la aplicación de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, fueron seleccionados únicamente 85. Las investigaciones se centran en asignaturas relacionadas a las ciencias de la ingeniería mediadas por aprendizaje cooperativo y aprendizaje basado en proyectos; además, se utilizan técnicas de recolección de datos basadas en cuestionarios y encuestas focalizadas en la experiencia de la innovación. Los impactos de las decisiones pedagógicas están centrados en el rendimiento académico y la adquisición de con- tenidos. En conclusión, la configuración que se establece entre el objeto de enseñanza y los sujetos es mediada por experiencias de aprendizaje en las que interactúan el currículum, la didáctica y la evaluación. Esto le permite al estudiantado mapear una experiencia formativa que apunta hacia la subjetivación, es decir, a reconstruir su visión del mundo tanto a nivel personal como profesional.

Abstract: The curriculum of engineering careers includes training in basic sciences and engineering sciences. This analysis addresses research that applies active methodologies to teaching engineering as a formative ex- perience. The information collected in the Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO databases, under the PRISMA model of systematic literature review, analyzed the active methodologies, evaluation tools and their curricular approach and impact. A total of 646 articles were obtained, of which only 85 were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research focuses on engineering subjects taught through cooperative learning and project-based learning, using data collection techniques such as questionnaires and surveys focused on the experience of innovation. The effects of pedagogical choices are focused on academic achievement and content acquisition. In conclusion, the relationship between the teaching object and the subjects is mediated by learning experiences in which curriculum, didactics, and evaluation interact. This allows students to map a formative experience aimed at subjectivation, that is, reconstructing their vision of the world at both the personal and professional levels.

Resumo: O avanço da tecnologia da informação tem levado ao aumento do uso da estatística como uma ferramenta de análise de dados em diversas áreas acadêmicas. A estatística tornouse um requisito essencial em qualquer programa de estudo, devido à variedade de aplicações na indústria e na investigação. Portanto, os programas educativos no ensino superior precisam formar graduados que possuam conhecimentos estatísticos teóricos e aplicados. Existem diferentes ferramentas tecnológicas estatísticas, cada uma com as suas próprias vantagens e desvantagens para análise de dados. Porém, neste trabalho o software estatístico Jamovi foi considerado por ser um recurso tecnológico versátil, gratuito e de código aberto. Com base no exposto, este artigo estuda o impacto da integração do software Jamovi no ensino de estatística na área de Engenharia Civil. A população do estudo foi de 40 estudantes do Mestrado em Planejamento Físico de Obras Civis da Universidade Estadual do Sul de Manabí, durante os meses de novembro a dezembro de 2023. A metodologia aplicada foi observacional analítica com design quantitativo, para esse fim técnicas estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais fo ram utilizadas. Os resultados mostraram um desempenho superior das pessoas que utilizaram o Jamovi em comparação aos que utilizaram o MS Excel. Isto foi corroborado por meio de análises descritivas e testes de hipóteses. De acordo com os resultados concluiuse que Jamovi facilitou o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de estatística na Engenharia Civil.

Resumen. El avance de la tecnología de la información ha llevado a un aumento en el empleo de la estadística como una herramienta para analizar datos en diversas áreas académicas. La estadística se ha convertido en un requisito primordial en cualquier programa de estudio, debido a la variedad de aplicaciones en la industria y la investigación. Por consiguiente, los programas educativos en la educación superior necesitan formar graduados que posean conocimientos estadísticos teóricos y aplicados. Existen diferentes herramientas tecnológicas esta dísticas, cada una con sus propias ventajas y desventajas para el análisis de datos. Sin embargo, en este trabajo se ha considerado el software estadístico Jamovi por ser un recurso tecnológico versátil, gratuito y de código abierto. A raíz de lo expuesto, este artículo estudia el impacto de la integración del software Jamovi en la enseñanza de la estadística en el área de la Ingeniería Civil. La población de estudio fue de 40 estudiantes de la Maestría en Planificación Física de Obras Civiles de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, durante los meses de noviembre a diciembre de 2023. La metodología aplicada fue observacional analítica con un diseño cuantitativo, para ello se emplearon técnicas estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Los resultados mostraron un rendimiento superior de las personas estudiantes que utilizaron Jamovi en comparación con quienes emplearon Excel. Esto se corroboró mediante análisis descriptivos y pruebas de hipótesis. De acuerdo con los resultados, se pudo concluir que Jamovi facilitó el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la estadística en la Ingeniería Civil.

Abstract: Advances in information technology have led to an increased use of statistics as a tool for analyzing data in various academic fields. Statistics has become a primary requirement in any curriculum because of its wide range of applications in the industry and for research purposes. Higher education programs therefore need to prepare graduates with both theoretical and applied statistical knowledge. There are several statistical technology tools for data analysis, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. This article examines Jamovi, a statistical software that is versatile, free and open source, and the impact of this tool on the teaching of statistics for civil engineering. The study involved 40 students of the Masters in Physical Planning of Civil Works of the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, and was carried out during the months of November to December 2023. The study applied an analytical observational methodology with a quantitative design, using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results showed a better performance of the students who used Jamovi com pared to those who used MS Excel. This was supported by descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing. The results led to the conclusion that Jamovi facilitated the teaching and learning process of statistics in civil engineering.

Resumo: O clima motivacional de sala aula (CMC pela sua sigla em espanhol) é um construto que permite estudar os padrões de atuação docente em sala de aula e sua relação com a motivação dos alunos. Com base na importância do CMC para os ambientes de ensino e aprendizagem, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com o objetivo de sintetizar as evidências dos estudos ibero-americanos no ensino médio e superior durante o período 1992-2023. Foram utilizadas as diretrizes metodológicas definidas na declaração PRISMA, o que permitiram selecionar 51 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados revelam uma prevalência de estudos quantitativos (90 %) no ensino médio (65 %). Nove instrumentos foram identificados para o estudo do CMC, sendo que o CMC-Q foi o instrumento mais utilizado. A análise dos estudos indica que existe uma variância explicada comum moderada entre o CMC e variáveis psicológicas pessoais de alunos e docentes, mas em relação ao desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes. As descobertas relatadas seguem a mesma direção das evidências disponíveis em outras regiões do mundo. Sugere-se avançar para uma compreensão multidimensional do CMC, a triangulação de participantes, técnicas e métodos, bem como estudos adicionais que integrem o CMC como medida de eficácia em intervenções educativas.

Resumen: El clima motivacional de clase (CMC) es un constructo que permite estudiar los patrones de actuación docente en el aula y su relación con la motivación del estudiantado. En base a la importancia que tiene el CMC para los entornos de enseñanza y aprendizaje se realizó una revisión sistemática con el objetivo de sintetizar la evidencia de estudios iberoamericanos en la educación media y superior durante el período 1992-2023. Se utilizaron las directrices metodológicas definidas en la declaración PRISMA, que permitieron seleccionar 51 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados revelan una prevalencia de estudios cuantitativos (90 %), en la enseñanza media (65 %). Fueron identificados nueve instrumentos para el estudio del CMC y se encontró que el CMC-Q fue el instrumento más utilizado. El análisis de los estudios señala que existe una varianza explicada común moderada entre el CMC y variables psicológicas personales de estudiantes y docentes, pero baja respecto al rendimiento académico estudiantil. Los hallazgos reportados van en la misma dirección que la evidencia disponible en otras regiones a nivel mundial. Se sugiere avanzar hacia una comprensión multidimensional del CMC, la triangulación de participantes, técnicas y métodos, así como estudios adicionales que integren al CMC como medida de la eficacia en las intervenciones educativas.

Abstract: The classroom motivational climate (CMC) is a construct that allows studying the patterns of teaching performance in the classroom and their relationship with student motivation. Based on the importance of CMC for teaching and learning environments, a systematic review was conducted with the aim of synthesizing the evidence from Ibero-American studies in secondary and higher education during the period 1992-2023. The methodological guidelines defined in the PRISMA statement were used, which allowed the selection of 51 articles that met the eligibility criteria. The results reveal a prevalence of quantitative studies (90 %) in secondary education (65 %). Nine instruments were identified for the CMC study and the CMC-Q was found to be the most commonly used instrument. The Analysis of the studies indicates that there is a moderate common explained variance between the CMC and personal psychological variables of students and teachers, but low with respect to student academic performance. The reported findings are in the same direction as the evidence available in other regions worldwide. It is suggested to move towards a multidimensional understanding of CMC, triangulation of participants, techniques and methods, as well as additional studies that integrate CMC as a measure of effectiveness in educational interventions.

Resumo O “International Group for Lean Construction” busca adaptar à indústria de Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção (AEC) uma nova filosofia gerencial. O aprendizado dessa filosofia pode ser apoiado pela utilização de metodologias ativas, especialmente dos jogos didáticos (do inglês “serious games”). Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a evolução da aplicação de jogos didáticos como técnica de aprendizagem baseada em classes de problemas, no contexto da comunidade da Construção Enxuta.Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura e a análise de uma experiência empírica, em uma disciplina de graduação de arquitetura e urbanismo. Os resultados demonstram a evolução do uso dessas técnicas, bem como suas implicações para a formação e treinamento de profissionais da AEC. International Construction Arquitetura AEC (AEC gerencial ativas serious games. games . games”) problemas EnxutaFoi Enxuta Foi empírica urbanismo técnicas games”

Abstract The “International Group for Lean Construction” aims to adopt a new management philosophy for the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. Learning this philosophy can be supported by using active methodologies, especially serious games. This work aimed to analyse the evolution of using serious games as a teaching technique based on problem classes, in the context of the Lean Construction community. A literature review and an analysis of an empirical experience were carried out in an architecture and urbanism undergraduate course. The results demonstrate the evolution of the use of these techniques, as well as their implications for the education and training of AEC professionals. International Architecture Engineering (AEC industry methodologies classes community course techniques professionals

Abstract Introduction. Wild species are important in the ecosystem, and their preservation requires the development of effective techniques. Objective. To determine the in situ and ex situ germination characteristics and field growth of Porcelia mediocris N.A. Murray and Compsoneura trianae Warb. in Arosemena Tola, Napo, Ecuador. Materials and methods. The study was carried out between 2019 and 2020, with seeds collected from the primary forest of P. mediocris and C. trianae. Germination tests were conducted in a greenhouse and in the primary forest, measuring seed emergence, tray growth, and performing an analysis of variance between the testing sites. Seedlings were transplanted into three different soil covers at the Amazon Center for Teaching, Research, and Productivity, with measurements taken for height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and survival. Growth curves were created, and an analysis of variance was performed on the final growth measurements among the different soil covers. Results. For P. mediocris, greenhouse-grown plants showed fewer days to the emergence (67.6), but those grown under guaba cover had a greater height (19.45 cm) and germination percentage (70 %) at end of the trial. For C. trianae, plants grown at the collection site had greater height (13.38 cm) and number of leaves at the end of the evaluation. Field growth did not show differences between soil covers, with survival rate of 47 % for P. mediocris and 75 % for C. trianae. Conclusions. P. mediocris showed better germination percentages under guaba cover, while C. trianae exhibited greater growth in the primary forest, with the germination site not affecting post-transplant growth for either species.

Resumen Introducción. Las especies silvestres son importantes en el ecosistema, estas requieren el desarrollo de técnicas que permitan su preservación. Objetivo. Determinar las características de germinación in situ y ex situ y el crecimiento en campo de las especies Porcelia mediocris N.A. Murray y Compsoneura trianae Warb. en Arosemena Tola, Napo, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó entre 2019 y 2020, se colectaron semillas en el bosque primario de P. mediocris y C. trianae. Se desarrollaron pruebas de germinación en invernadero y en bosque primario, se midió la emergencia de las semillas, crecimiento en bandeja y se aplicó un análisis de varianza entre los sitios de ensayo. Las plántulas fueron trasplantadas en tres diferentes coberturas de suelo en el Centro de Enseñanza, Investigación y Productividad de la Amazonía, se tomaron medidas de crecimiento en altura, diámetro del tallo, número de hojas y supervivencia, se elaboraron las curvas de crecimiento y se realizó un análisis de varianza en las medidas finales de crecimiento entre las diferentes coberturas. Resultados. En P. mediocris, las plantas desarrolladas en invernadero reportaron menos días a la emergencia (67,6), pero las desarrolladas en la cobertura guabas tuvieron mayor altura (19,45 cm) y porcentaje de germinación (70 %) al final de la prueba. En C. trianae las plantas desarrolladas en el sitio de colecta tuvieron mayor altura (13,38 cm) y número de hojas al final de la evaluación. El crecimiento en campo no mostró diferencias entre coberturas y tuvo una supervivencia del 47 % en P. mediocris y 75 % en C. trianae. Conclusiones. P. mediocris reportó mejores porcentajes de germinación en la cobertura guabas y C. trianae tuvo mayor crecimiento en el bosque primario, sin que el sitio de germinación influyera en el crecimiento posterior al trasplante en ambas especies.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de una revisión bibliográfica exploratoria acerca de las concepciones de profesores universitarios sobre la escritura académica en 35 artículos de investigación hallados en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, Ebsco y Scielo. Se usó el análisis de contenido para identificar la definición de concepciones sobre escritura y las tendencias teóricas de estas, las metodologías que se han usado para indagarlas, las disciplinas que se han interesado por esta temática en términos de investigación y las tendencias de dichas concepciones. Los resultados muestran que las concepciones se sitúan en una función comunicativa instrumental explicadas desde representaciones sociales o teorías implícitas, además existe poco reconocimiento de la mediación en el aprendizaje de las disciplinas científicas. Las áreas de mayor investigación e interés en la temática son las ciencias sociales, humanidades y ciencias naturales; las técnicas cualitativas como las entrevistas en profundidad y el análisis de contenido son predominantes como decisiones metodológicas en estos estudios. Estos resultados son insumos importantes para la elaboración de programas de intervención e innovación pedagógica para profesores de educación superior de cualquier área del conocimiento.

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to present the results of an exploratory literature review of university professors' conceptions of academic writing in 35 research articles found in the Scopus, Web of Science, Ebsco, and Scielo databases. Content analysis was used to identify the definition of writing conceptions and their theoretical trends, the methodologies that have been used to investigate them, the disciplines that have been interested in this topic in terms of research, and the trends of these conceptions. The results show that the conceptions are situated in an instrumental communicative function explained from social representations or implicit theories, but there is little recognition of mediation in the learning of scientific disciplines. The areas of greatest research are the social sciences, humanities, and natural sciences, and qualitative techniques such as in-depth interviews and content analysis are predominant as methodological decisions in these studies. These results are important inputs for the elaboration of intervention and pedagogical innovation programs for higher education teachers.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados de uma revisão exploratória da literatura sobre as concepções de professores universitários sobre redação acadêmica em 35 artigos de pesquisa encontrados nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science, Ebsco e Scielo. A análise de conteúdo foi usada para identificar a definição de concepções de redação e as tendências teóricas dessas concepções, as metodologias que foram usadas para investigá-las, as disciplinas que se interessaram por esse tópico em termos de pesquisa e as tendências dessas concepções. Os resultados mostram que as concepções estão situadas em uma função instrumental comunicativo explicado com base em representações sociais ou teorias implícitas, mas há pouco reconhecimento da mediação na aprendizagem de disciplinas científicas; as áreas de maior pesquisa são as ciências sociais, humanas e naturais, e as técnicas qualitativas, como entrevistas em profundidade e análise de conteúdo, são predominantes como escolhas metodológicas nesses estudos. Esses resultados são insumos importantes para o desenvolvimento de programas de intervenção e inovação pedagógica para professores de ensino superior de qualquer área de conhecimento.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la efectividad de un objeto virtual de aprendizaje (OVA) en la mejora de la comprensión lectora en francés entre estudiantes de tercer semestre de la Licenciatura en Lenguas Modernas en la Universidad del Cauca. Se implementó un diseño preexperimental con un grupo de 26 estudiantes, a quienes se les aplicó un pretest y un postest para medir la comprensión lectora antes y después de la intervención con el OVA. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante técnicas estadísticas descriptivas. Los resultados revelaron una mejora significativa en la comprensión lectora, con un incremento del 34% en las respuestas correctas a nivel literal y del 4I% a nivel inferencial. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el uso del OVA es una estrategia eficaz para mejorar la comprensión lectora en francés. Se recomienda su implementación en otros niveles académicos y su adaptación a la enseñanza de otros idiomas.

ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje (OVA), or Virtual Learning Object, in improving reading comprehension in French among third-semester students of the bachelor's program in Modern Languages at the University of Cauca. A pre-experimental design was employed with a group of 26 students, who were administered a pre-test and a post-test to measure reading comprehension before and after the OVA intervention. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistical techniques. The results revealed a significant improvement in reading comprehension, with a 34% increase in correct responses at the literal level and a 41% increase at the inferential level. These findings suggest that the use of the OVA is an effective strategy for enhancing reading comprehension in French. Its implementation in other academic levels and adaptation for the teaching of other languages is recommended.

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de um Objeto Virtual de Aprendizagem (OVA) na melhoria da compreensão leitora em francês entre os estudantes do terceiro semestre do curso de Licenciatura em Línguas Modernas da Universidade do Cauca. Um desenho pré-experimental foi implementado com um grupo de 26 estudantes. Foram aplicados pré-testes e pós-testes para medir a compreensão leitora antes e depois da intervenção com o OVA. A análise dos dados foi realizada utilizando técnicas estatísticas descritivas. Os resultados indicaram uma melhoria significativa na compreensão leitora dos estudantes, com um aumento de 34% nas respostas corretas no nível literal e de 4I% no nível inferencial. O uso do OVA mostrou-se uma estratégia eficaz para melhorar a compreensão leitora em francês. Recomenda-se sua implementação em outros níveis acadêmicos e sua adaptação ao ensino de outros idiomas.

SUMMARY: The teaching of human anatomy plays a fundamental role for both students and health professionals; understanding the structure of the human body is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. In this context, this systematic review article focused on answering the following main question: What are the most effective methodological strategies for teaching human anatomy? To address this question, an exhaustive investigation was carried out involving the consultation of recognized databases such as Web of Science (Wos), PubMed and Scopus, covering the period from 2013 to 2023. It was concluded that effective teaching of human anatomy is achieved through various methodological strategies, including the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), practice in dissection laboratories, active learning methods, teacher training factors, evaluation of student performance and promotion of collaborative learning.

RESUMEN: La enseñanza de la anatomía humana desempeña un papel fundamental tanto para estudiantes como para profesionales del ámbito de la salud; comprender la estructura del cuerpo humano resulta esencial para realizar diagnósticos precisos y llevar a cabo tratamientos efectivos. En este contexto, el presente artículo de revisión sistemática se enfocó en responder a la siguiente pregunta principal: ¿Cuáles son las estrategias metodológicas más efectivas para la enseñanza de la anatomía humana?. Para abordar esta cuestión, se llevó a cabo una exhaustiva investigación que incluyó la consulta de bases de datos reconocidas como Web of Science (Wos), PubMed y Scopus, abarcando el periodo comprendido entre 2013 y 2023. Se concluyó que la enseñanza efectiva de la anatomía humana se alcanza a través de diversas estrategias metodológicas, entre las que se incluyen el uso de tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TICs), la realización de prácticas en laboratorios de disección, métodos de aprendizaje activo, factores de formación docente, la evaluación del desempeño estudiantil y la promoción del aprendizaje colaborativo.

RESUMEN Este artículo revisa varios enfoques para organizar el proceso educativo y los evalúa en el contexto de la mejora del sistema de educación superior y la calidad de la enseñanza en la universidad. Se examinaron diversas fuentes, como trabajos de investigación y documentos oficiales, para explorar la metodología del proceso educativo. El análisis de las metodologías actuales reveló su efectividad y competitividad, así como un alto ritmo de desarrollo y generación de nuevas técnicas que aplican nuevas tecnologías e investigaciones científicas. Los resultados indican un impacto positivo de estas metodologías en la calidad de la enseñanza y el entorno universitario, promoviendo una cultura colaborativa y la integración de las tecnologías digitales. La conclusión subraya la creciente importancia del desarrollo continuo del profesorado y la alineación de los estándares educativos con los valores sociales, enfatizando un enfoque práctico y basado en competencias para la enseñanza universitaria.

ABSTRACT This paper reviews various approaches to organizing the educational process and evaluates them in the context of improving the higher education system and the quality of teaching at the university. Various sources, such as research papers and official documents, were examined to explore the methodology of the educational process. The analysis of current methodologies revealed their effectiveness and competitiveness, as well as a high pace of development and the generation of new techniques that apply new technologies and scientific research. Results indicate a positive impact of these methodologies on the teaching quality and university environment, promoting a collaborative culture and the integration of digital technologies. The conclusion underscores the increasing significance of continuous faculty development and the alignment of educational standards with societal values, emphasizing a practical, competency-based approach to university teaching.

Hierdie sewe-jaar longitudinale opvoedingstudie evalueer drie akademiese afleweringsmodusse vir deeltydse MBA-studente in hul Bemarkingsbestuursmodule, naamlik vol kontak (20172019), vol aanlyn tydens COVID-19 se harde inperking (2020-2021 en die daaropvolgende gemengde modus (2022-2023). Die studie het ten doel om te bepaal of die afleweringsmodus studente se akademiese prestasie beduidend beïnvloed. Die eenrigting-variansie-analise (EVA) het beduidende verskille tussen die afleweringsmodusse vir individuele opdragte (normatiewe assessering) en groepgevallestudies (summatiewe assessering) geïdentifiseer. Daar was ook betekenisvolle verskille tussen die akademiese prestasie ten opsigte van die finale saamgestelde portefeulje van kennis (wat as eksamen dien). Hierdie portefeulje bestaan uit 'n prakties-toegepaste bemarkingsplan. Die post-hoc toetse het getoon dat studente aansienlik beter gevaar het tydens die gemengde afleweringsmodus in individuele opdragte, terwyl die volledige aanlyn modus laer punte vir die groepgevallestudies gehad het. Beide die gemengde en volledige kontakmodusse het beduidende opeenvolgende verbetering vir die groepgevallestudies getoon, wat in elke gevallestudie verbetering getoon het namate die semester gevorder het. Dit verskil van volledige aanlyn onderrig. Die gemengde modus het ook aansienlik beter gevaar in die eksamen- en finale modulepunte en het selfs beter gevaar as volkontakklasse.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly transformed the tertiary education landscape. Traditional contact universities were forced abruptly to adopt a full-distance education mode, a situation neither the students nor lecturers were prepared for. Many lectures and teaching activities were developed on the fly as universities struggled to roll out the needed support in double-time for lecturers and students. This new normal for education required integrating technology, advanced communication software, revised assessment techniques, and recognising the need for flexible and adaptable approaches to teaching and learning. Students also evolved and gained technological proficiency, adaptability, time management, soft skills, social media proficiency, and an awareness of health and well-being. Albeit uncertain in redefining the new normal, universities continue to provide quality education. However, exactly how university education should be delivered to a new breed of students in a new business environment is a challenge. This is even more so in the case of executive MBA students. After the hard lockdown and restrictions were lifted on 21 September 2020, the North-West University Business School started to explore other modes of academic content delivery. Reinstating a full contact delivery mode was not an option because of remaining restrictions. High technological investment, online-educated lecturers and students, and benefits and developments during online learning now form a new normal for the Business School. Which teaching method, or rather, which mode of delivery, is the most relevant and adequate? Should the MBA lectures return to the historic full-contact delivery mode, stick with the newly established full online mode, or attempt to integrate the benefits of both into a hybrid mode of delivering business education to a new breed of technology-savvy students? This study, therefore, examines the academic performance of the different delivery modes by comparing data of Executive MBA Marketing management students at the NWU Business School in South Africa. The study examines the academic performance of these students from 2017 up to 2023. The panel database consists of Executive MBA students'marks for the module in Marketing Management from 2017 up to 2023. The database contains marks for individual assignments, groupwork case studies, final individual- and groupwork marks, exam marks and the final module mark. The final assessment is a portfolio of evidence comprising a detailed marketing plan for a product, service, or organisation of choice. The mode of delivery served as the dependent variable, while the independent variables comprised the marks for each assignment (groupwork, individual and portfolio of evidence). Three delivery modes were compared, namely full-contact (2017-2019), full-online (2020-2021), and the post-pandemic hybrid mode currently in effect (2022-2023). The data comprised 630 cases. However, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) used 532 cases to compare the different groupwork assignments (230 full-contact students, 159 full-online students, and 143 hybrid students). Cronbach's alpha coefficient measured the data's reliability, and one-way ANOVA determined significant differences (p<.05) between the academic performance of the three delivery modes. The analysis confirmed that significant differences exist between the modes of delivery for individual assignments, group case studies and exams (p<.05). The Tukey ab post-hoc tests showed that students performed significantly better during the hybrid delivery mode in individual assignments (69.2%) than full contact (63.8%). Regarding the individual assignment, the full online (63.8%) and full contact (63.7%) delivery modes perform significantly worse than the hybrid (69.2%) delivery mode. Regarding the first group case study (Group Assignment 1), full online performs (67.3%) significantly worse than hybrid (71.1%) and full contact (73.6%) delivery modes. There is no significant difference between the hybrid and full contact delivery modes. In the second, third, and fourth group case studies (Group Assignments 2, 3 & 4), the hybrid delivery mode (82.37%, 75.4%, 82.7%) outperforms the full contact (75.4, 80.1%, 86.6%) and full-online (71.4%, 71.4%, 67.8%) modes. The hybrid delivery mode, therefore, proves to be more conducive towards academic performance in group work. Finally, in considering the final module mark, the hybrid delivery mode (71.0%) is significantly higher than the other two delivery modes. However, there is no significant difference between full online (67.5%) and full-contact (67.2%) delivery modes regarding the final module mark. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the better performance in the final module marks is a function of the groupwork where the students analysed case studies together. There are no significant differences in the exam marks between the delivery modes, so better academic performance in the hybrid mode of delivery where groupwork is concerned culminates in the better module mark. Based on the findings, it is evident that the hybrid mode of delivery results in the best academic performance. This observation is based on three reasons, namely 1) students performed better in both the normative and summative assessments during hybrid tuition; 2) there is continuous progressive learning throughout the semester regarding the group case studies (summative assessment). They learn to improve and hone their skills to analyse better and apply business solutions to real-life problems experienced by organisations. This is based on students' improving marks in the group case studies as they become more proficient in analysing and answering the applied case studies because they learn from each case study; and 3) the students perform better academically in their normative assessments and earn higher final module marks (partially due to reason 2). It is concluded that the hybrid delivery mode facilitates the academic performance of post-pandemic executive MBA Marketing management students. JEL KODES: I23, I21, M30

BACKGROUND: Multimodal or online learning is the use of electronic technology to deliver, support and enhance both learning and teaching. It involves communication between learner nurses and lecturers using online content. The study aims to contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 on quality education by promoting inclusive education at tertiary institutions. The use of multimodal teaching and learning (MTL) in higher education institutions (HEI) has increased over the last decade, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic OBJECTIVES: To explore and describe the perspectives of the undergraduate learner nurses regarding MTL challenges at the HEI, Limpopo Province, South Africa METHODS: A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used to explore and describe the perspectives of the undergraduate nurses at a HEI in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A non-probability purposive sampling method was employed to select participants. Data were collected through five focus group interviews (FGI) and analysed using Tesch's open coding data analysis method. Measures to ensure trustworthiness and ethical considerations were adhered to throughout the study RESULTS: Study findings revealed the perspectives of the undergraduate nurses during MTL. The challenges related to connectivity issues, technological difficulties during online teaching, learning and assessment as well as the unapproved platforms used by module facilitators for online teaching CONCLUSION: Undergraduate learner nurses expressed their perspectives regarding the challenges they experience when using MTL. Our study findings could influence educational institutions and policymakers to improve the quality of online teaching, learning and assessment by embracing innovative instructional techniques and providing teachers with ongoing training