Abstract. The literature associated with the new urban geography and with the agglomeration economies theory attempts to explore and explain the relationship of the economic and urban development of cities with their inhabitants and with organizations as essential actors in this interaction. In this sense and as a result of the central objective, the findings of the updated bibliographic review on the problems that arise from the dynamics of interaction between the BRT transport systems, the territory and the decisions of geographical location of the companies are presented. In this way, a specific contribution and current reflection on the relationship between mass public transport, urban space and the role of the foundations of this theory is proposed. This review made it possible to analyze this relationship from its economic, spatial, social and urban dimensions, addressing the main theoretical and empirical proposals available in recent literature. In the second section of the article, a synthesis of the results of the updated and exhaustive review of the empirical bibliography is presented, which starts from the work of Lampón Caride (2011), to propose a framework for the analysis of determining factors on the relationship between location of companies, transport dynamics and urban development. In the final section, an analysis of the problem and interaction between BRT public transport, the territory and the urban economy is presented, analyzed from the perspective of transport oriented development (TOD), exemplified in the systems of Curitiba in Brazil, Bogotá in Colombia, Mexico City and Santiago in Chile. As a main contribution, the existence of a relationship between the territory and the location of the companies is proposed, which in turn is influenced by the dynamics of public transport, mobility, urban development and by the economic evolution of cities, detailing starting from its economic, spatial, social and urban dimensions.

Resumen. La literatura asociada con la nueva geografía urbana y con la teoría de las economías de aglomeración intenta explorar y explicar la relación del desarrollo económico y urbano de las ciudades con sus habitantes y con las organizaciones como actores esenciales de esta interacción. En ese sentido, y como resultado del objetivo central, se presentan los hallazgos de la revisión bibliográfica actualizada sobre la problemática que surge de las dinámicas de interacción entre los sistemas de transporte BRT, el territorio y las decisiones de ubicación geográfica de las empresas. De esta manera se propone un aporte específico a la reflexión actual sobre la relación entre el transporte público masivo, el espacio urbano y el papel de los fundamentos de esta teoría. Esta revisión permitió analizar dicha relación desde sus dimensiones económicas, espaciales, sociales y urbanas, abordando las principales propuestas teóricas y empíricas disponibles en planteamientos recientes de la literatura. En la segunda sección del artículo se presenta una síntesis de los resultados de la revisión actualizada y exhaustiva de la bibliografía empírica, que parte de la obra de Lampón Caride (2011), para proponer un marco de análisis de los factores determinantes sobre la relación entre la localización de las empresas, la dinámica del transporte y el desarrollo urbano. En la sección final se presenta un análisis de la problemática y la interacción entre el transporte público BRT, el territorio y la economía urbana, analizados bajo la óptica del desarrollo orientado al transporte (DOT), ejemplificado en los sistemas de Curitiba en Brasil, Bogotá en Colombia, Ciudad de México y Santiago en Chile. Como aporte principal se propone la existencia de una relación entre el territorio y la localización de las empresas que, a su vez, se ve influenciada por la dinámica del transporte público, la movilidad, el desarrollo urbano, y por la evolución económica de las ciudades, detallada a partir de sus dimensiones económicas, espaciales, sociales y urbanas.

Abstract Paper aims This study presents several business analytics tools that allow improving the tactical planning of the collection process for a Colombian solid-waste management company. Originality The extant literature of operations research/analytics applied to these systems focuses on facility location or vehicle routing. Tactical decisions are seldom studied in the operations research/analytics literature devoted to waste management systems. By contrast, the focus of this paper is on tactical decisions: fleet sizing, frequency assignment, route scheduling and internal resource allocation in a new waste transfer station. Research method We follow a multimethodology approach that uses mathematical programming, metaheuristics, and discrete event simulation. The models use historical information of the system, and the solution of a model are used as input data for the other models. Main findings Introducing a new waste transfer station allows an important reduction of the compactors fleet. However, to prevent a collapse in its internal operation an even operation is needed. This is achieved by rescheduling the routes to balance their arrival during the day. Additional benefits can be attained if some soft constraints are relaxed. Implications for theory and practice Practitioners looking for tactical planning tools on waste collection systems have here an example of their application and benefits. Improvements can be achieved by tactical planning without heavily disrupting decisions at the operational level.

Resumen Contexto: Los algoritmos de dirección de llegada han sido ampliamente utilizados en los sistemas de posicionamiento; sin embargo, tienen restricciones importantes con respecto a la estacionariedad espacial y temporal de las fuentes, y la correlación entre estas y el ruido. Ahora bien, el problema de la localización, por su naturaleza, se puede considerar como disperso, razón por la cual es posible aplicar la teoría de sensado comprimido y reconstrucción dispersa para estimar la posición de fuentes no colaborativas. Método: En este trabajo se simula un sistema compuesto por varios nodos de referencia (RN, por su sigla en inglés) que comparten información con una entidad central denominada centro de fusión (FC, por su sigla en inglés), en la cual se llevará a cabo la estimación final de posición de varias fuentes no colaborativas. El proceso se divide en dos etapas: offline y online. En la primera, cada RN construye un diccionario que contiene la matriz de covarianza del factor de arreglo de antenas para cada una de las posibles posiciones de transmisión. Por su parte, en la etapa online se realiza la estimación de la posición, en la cual cada RN recibe la señal de las fuentes activas y calcula una versión comprimida de la matriz de covarianza de la señal recibida. Luego se realiza la estimación de la posición de las fuentes dentro del área de interés mediante el algoritmo OMP para la reconstrucción dispersa. Resultados: Los resultados muestran el desempeño del sistema en términos de precisión en la estimación de la posición, cuando se varían parámetros como la cantidad de sensores activos, el ruido del sistema y la tasa de compresión empleada en la matriz de sensado. El peor resultado se da cuando hay dos fuentes en el sistema y se obtiene un error cercano a los 4,5 metros; mientras que cuando solo existe una fuente, el error promedio del sistema es cercano a los 0,14 metros. Finalmente, el costo computacional del sistema disminuye cuando se incrementa la tasa de compresión empleada, debido a que el tamaño de las matrices empleadas disminuye. Conclusiones: El método propuesto proporciona alta precisión en la estimación, sin tener problemas con las restricciones en los requerimientos de estacionariedad espacial y temporal presentes en los algoritmos tradicionales de dirección de llegada, además de las condiciones de correlación entre las fuentes y el ruido. Financiamiento: MinCiencias Colombia y Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana.

Abstract Objective: Diction of arrival algorithms have been widely used in positioning systems. However, they have important restrictions to take into account in terms of spatial and temporal stationary requirements between the sources and correlation proprieties between them and the noise. Nevertheless, due to its nature the localization problem could be posed like a sparse reconstruction problem, and is possible to apply the compressive sensing and sparse reconstruction theory to estimate the position of several non-collaborative sources. Besides, considering a joint estimation system as we propose in this work, is possible to exploit both inter and intra-correlation signal aiming to improve the accuracy estimation. Methodology: In this work we simulate a localization system composed by several reference nodes (RN) which share information with a central entity named fusion center (FC) where the target estimation will take place. The process is divides in two stages: offline and online. In the first one we discretize the region of interest (ROI) in K candidates position where the sources could be located. Each RN builds its own dictionary that contains the covariance matrix of the steering vector for each cell into the grid. In the online stage, the target position estimation is performed. To do so, each RN receives the signal from the sources and calculates the compressed version of the covariance matrix, which is sent to the FC. In the FC the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) is performed to estimate the target coordinates inside the ROI. Results: The results show the system performance in terms of accuracy in the position estimation when parameters like number of sensors, system’s noise and compression rate in the measurement matrix are varied. Conclusions: The proposed method provides high accuracy in the estimation without restricting requirements on the spatial and temporal stationery and correlation properties of the sources and the noise, which are common in traditional direction of arrival algorithms. Financing: Miniciencias Colombia and Pontificia Bolivariana University.

Resumen: Within the Electricity Distribution Systems (EDS), consumers have the energy demand, which is the main topic of discussion, which is necessary to satisfy it. From this point on, it is important to consider that the fact of delivering energy from the centralized generation points to the loads implies a great investment and expense, if the following considerations are put on the table: energy losses, operating costs, levels of voltage, etc. Distributed Generation (DG), using non-standard renewable energy (NSRE), opens a space as a possible solution to specific problems, since the GD is located at strategic points and close to loads and has the capacity to meet demand required in said node, as well as delivering power to the EDS, if necessary; Therefore, the technical, economic and operational problems that may exist are minimized. This document will present the optimal location and dimensioning of the DG units with photovoltaic technology that will be introduced to the EDS by means of an algorithm, which will allow to minimize operating costs, based on the method of generating columns that will be implemented; In addition to generating a micro network without routing, which represents a scenario, as real as possible, from georeferencing with the help of graph theory to be implemented.

Abstract: Within the Electricity Distribution Systems (EDS), consumers have the energy demand, which is the main topic of discussion, which is necessary to satisfy it. From this point on, it is important to consider that the fact of delivering energy from the centralized generation points to the loads implies a great investment and expense, if the following considerations are put on the table: energy losses, operating costs, levels of voltage, etc. Distributed Generation (DG), using non-standard renewable energy (NSRE), opens a space as a possible solution to specific problems, since the GD is located at strategic points and close to loads and has the capacity to meet demand required in said node, as well as delivering power to the EDS, if necessary; Therefore, the technical, economic and operational problems that may exist are minimized. This document will present the optimal location and dimensioning of the DG units with photovoltaic technology that will be introduced to the EDS by means of an algorithm, which will allow to minimize operating costs, based on the method of generating columns that will be implemented; In addition to generating a micro network without routing, which represents a scenario, as real as possible, from georeferencing with the help of graph theory to be implemented.

Resumen La infraestructura de los países y las ciudades la forman sistemas de redes; en el caso del transporte terrestre, la infraestructura está formada por redes de carreteras, avenidas y calles. Las medidas de centralidad de las redes complejas permiten cuantificar el desempeño de cada intersección de avenidas o calles en la red. En este artículo, se analizó la red de avenidas principales de la ciudad de Celaya, Guanajuato empleando el enfoque de redes complejas. De la centralidad de intermediación, centralidad de la cercanía, diámetro y el grado promedio, se identificaron las 5 intersecciones con un papel fundamental en la red de vialidades de la ciudad. Los resultados son de interés para profesionales dedicados al diseño de sistemas logísticos y transporte.

Abstract The streets and avenues networks of a city form the infrastructure of land transport systems. The measures of centrality of complex networks allow to quantify the performance of each intersection of avenues or streets in the network. In this article, Celaya's city network avenues, was analyzed using the complex networks approach. From betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, diameter and average degree; we identify 5 intersections which play a fundamental role in the city's avenue network as well as its location within the city. The results are of interest for professionals dedicated to the design of logistics systems and transportation.

Resumo Infra-estrutura de países e cidades é formada por sistemas de rede; No caso do transporte terrestre, a infraes-trutura é formada por redes de estradas, avenidas e ruas. As medidas de centralidade das redes complexas permitem quantificar o desempenho de cada interseção de avenidas ou ruas na rede. Neste artigo, analisou-se a rede de avenidas principais da cidade de Celaya, Guanajuato, utilizando a abordagem de redes complexas. A partir da centralidade da intermediação, a centralidade da proximidade, o diâmetro e a nota média permitiram identificar as 5 interseções com papel fundamental na malha viária da cidade. Os resultados são de interesse de profissionais dedicados ao design de sistemas logísticos e de transporte.

Abstract: In this work we analyze the subject of social responsibility (SR) from the legal perspective and specifically applied to private legal entities. We should start by understanding the subject of SR as a material domain of the legal system, despite its current partial location in other systems (such as the ethical or economic), as a result of the “gap” in the transnational legal system. We set ourselves two goals: firstly, to outline the general characteristics of the subject, since the relationship with the legal system stems from here. Secondly, to establish the contents by analyzing an application assumption, such as the supply chain. The methodology used is within the framework of the trialist theory of law (Werner Goldschmidt) and is based on the subject determined by the one of the main sources of SR, namely codes of conduct of international organizations. The information will be taken from indirect sources that yield results based on empirical studies. We also make use of doctrine and research from other disciplines.

Resumen: En el presente trabajo se analiza el contenido de la responsabilidad social (RS) desde una perspectiva jurídica y específicamente aplicado a las personas jurídicas del Derecho Privado. Partimos de entender el contenido de la RS como ámbito material del sistema jurídico, no obstante, su parcial ubicación actual en otros sistemas (como el ético o económico), producto de la “laguna” en el sistema jurídico transnacional. Nos planteamos dos objetivos, de un lado delinear los caracteres generales que presenta el contenido, porque de ello se deriva la relación con el sistema jurídico. De otro lado, analizar el contenido mediante el análisis de un supuesto de aplicación de la RS, como es el caso de la cadena de suministro. La metodología utilizada parte del marco de la Teoría Trialista del Derecho -desarrollada por Werner Goldschmidt- y se basa en el estudio del contenido que establece una de las principales fuentes de la RS, esto es los códigos de conducta surgidos de organismos internacionales. Los datos serán tomados de fuentes indirectas que arrojan resultados en base a estudios de tipo empírico. Asimismo, nos valemos de doctrina jurídica e investigaciones de otras disciplinas.

Resumo O estudo de Sistemas de Atendimento Emergencial – SAE visa encontrar meios de fornecer serviços de saúde efetivos e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população respeitando as limitações de recursos disponíveis. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi mostrar o potencial de aplicação do modelo hipercubo com prioridade na fila com mais de um servidor preferencial sem considerar a hipótese de backup parcial em Sistemas de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência – SAMU em que o nível de utilização do sistema é relativamente baixo. Para isso foram realizados alguns experimentos do modelo hipercubo com prioridade na fila sem backup parcial e prospecção de cenários futuros por meio de um estudo de caso no SAMU da cidade de Bauru, SP. Foram avaliados os impactos do aumento na demanda sobre o sistema e o quanto e como (aonde localizar?) a aquisição de uma nova ambulância pode melhorar as medidas de desempenho do sistema. Os principais resultados mostram que um aumento de 50% na demanda pode dobrar o tempo de resposta dessas ambulâncias, por outro lado, aumentos mais discretos têm um impacto pequeno sobre o sistema, como pode ser visto nos aumentos de 5,71% e 13,57%, nos quais o acréscimo nos tempos de resposta foram de 5% e 16%, respectivamente. A aquisição de uma nova ambulância foi avaliada em termos das medidas de desempenho e os melhores resultados em todos os cenários se deu quando ela estava presente no átomo Boulevard, obtendo um tempo médio de resposta 3% inferior às demais localidades, em média.

Abstract The study of EMS aims to find ways to provide effective health services and improve the quality of life of the population while respecting the limitations of available resources. In this context, this paper aims to show the potential of application of the hypercube queueing model using queue priorities with more than one preferential server without using partial backup on SAMU, where the workload is relatively low. To do so, were done some experiments with the hypercube queueing model and future scenario prospection by a case study on the SAMU system from Bauru, Brazil. It was evaluated the impacts of demand increase over the system and the acquisition of a new ambulance was evaluated considering the best options to locate it. Main results show that a 50% demand increase can double mean response times. In contrast, minor increases have a smaller impact over the system, as observed on 5.71% and 13.57% demand increases, where the mean response times raised 5% and 16% respectively. The acquisition of a new ambulance was evaluated in terms of mean response times also. The best location had a 3% lower mean response time, on average.

The aim of this study was a didactic presentation of the Shannon entropy in the quantum theory context, followed by application to the case of a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator in its ground state, both in the free case and confined case. The study of these systems allows us to highlight notions such as location or delocation of a particle, a possible interpretation that the Shannon entropy can adopt. The Shannon entropy in position (Sx) and momentum (Sp) spaces were calculated for both systems, beyond the entropic sum (St = Sx + Sp). With this procedure it was possible to identify trends in the behavior of the Shannon entropy (Sx and Sp) and test the compliance of the entropic uncertainty relation (St = Sx + Sp ≥ n(1 + ln(π))).

Se presentan algunos resultados en relación con el diseño y la implementación de una arquitectura que soporta una plataforma experimental para simular el proceso de alimentación de las colonias de hormigas. Los algoritmos Ant-system y Ant-Cycle modelan el comportamiento de las hormigas. La plataforma permite cambiar parámetros como la cantidad y la velocidad de las hormigas, la cantidad y ubicación de los alimentos y el radio y la frecuencia de difusión de la feromona de las hormigas. Dichos parámetros se visualizan a través de una interfaz VGA. La implementación de hardware se lleva a cabo sobre tecnología FPGA de Xilinx ©. La teoría detrás de este diseño considera que los comportamientos complejos pueden surgir de sistemas con una estructura simple. Este trabajo se enfrenta a la pregunta por la complejidad global emergente de un sistema cuya complejidad estructural es mínima o inexistente.

This paper presents some results regarding the desing and implementation of an architecture that supports an experimental platform for simulating the foraging process of ant colonies. Both the Ant-System and the Ant-Cycle algorithms model the behavior of ants. The platform allows to change parameters like the quantity and speed of ants, the amount and location of food and the ratio and difussion frequency of ant pheromone. These parameters are visualized through a VGA interface. The hardware implementation is carried outover FPGA Xilinx © technology. Theory behind this design considers that complex behaviors can emerge from systems with simple structure. This work confronts the question about global complexity emerging from a system whose structural complexity is minimal or inexistent.

Active Vibration Control (AVC) using smart structure is used to reduce the vibration of a system by automatic modification of the system structural response. AVC is widely used, because of its wide and broad frequency response range, low additional mass, high adaptability and good efficiency. A lot of research has been done on Finite Element (FE) models for AVC based on Euler Bernoulli Beam Theory (EBT). In the present work Timoshenko Beam Theory (TBT) is used to model a smart cantilever beam with surface mounted sensors / actuators. A Periodic Output Feedback (POF) Controller has been designed and applied to control the first three modes of vibration of a flexible smart cantilever beam. The difficulties encountered in the usage of surface mounted piezoelectric patches in practical situations can be overcome by the use of embedded shear sensors / actuators. A mathematical model of a smart cantilever beam with embedded shear sensors and actuators is developed. A POF Controller has been designed and applied to control of vibration of a flexible smart cantilever beam and effect of actuator location on the performance of the controller is investigated. The mathematical modeling and control of a Multiple Input multiple Output (MIMO) systems with two sensors and two actuators have also been considered.

Se propone un método que determina la rigidez mínima de arrostramiento requeridos por un sistema elástico de varias columnas para lograr condiciones de pandeo sin deriva entre pisos. Las ecuaciones que evalúan la rigidez mínima requerida de los arrostramientos laterales y de torsión y la carga crítica de pandeo “arriostrada" correspondiente para cada columna del nivel de piso se obtienen utilizando las funciones de estabilidad modificadas. Se incluyen los siguientes efectos: 1) tipos de conexiones (rígidas, semirrígidas y simples), 2) la distribución en planta de las columnas (es decir, la orientación de la sección transversal y la ubicación del centro de gravedad de cada columna), 3) deformaciones por cortante a lo largo de cada columna mediante el método modificado propuesto por Haringx en 1948, y 4) distribución de la carga axial entre las columnas (es decir, el patrón de carga). Los efectos de las deformaciones axial y de torsión no están incluidos. El método propuesto es aplicable a estructuras 2D y 3D con conexiones rígidas, semirígidas y simple. La formulación se presenta en este documento se basa en un trabajo previo presentado por Aristizábal-Ochoa en 2007. Se demuestra que la rigidez mínima de los arrostramientos laterales y de torsión requeridos por un sistema de varias columnas depende de: 1) la distribución en planta las columnas; 2) la variación en altura y propiedades de la sección transversal de las columnas; 3)las rigideces a flexión y a cortante de cada columna; 4) el patrón de cargas en el sistema de columnas; 5) la falta de simetría (en el patrón de carga, en la disposición de las columnas, tamaños de las columnas, y sus alturas) que hacen que el pandeo combinado de torsión y flexión lateral pueden reducir la capacidad de pandeo critico de la estructura en su conjunto; y 6) las condiciones de apoyo y restricciones en el extremo superior de las columnas. El método propuesto se limita a sistemas multi-columna con columnas elásticas y ortotrópicas con secciones transversales doblemente simétricas (es decir, con centro de corte coincidiendo con el centroide) orientadas en cualquier dirección con respecto a los ejes globales. Se presentan cuatro ejemplos en detalle en una publicación adjunta que muestran la eficacia y la simplicidad del método propuesto.

A method that determines the minimum bracing stiffness required by a multi-column elastic system to achieve non-sway buckling conditions is proposed. Equations that evaluate the required minimum stiffness of the lateral and torsional bracings and the corresponding “braced" critical buckling load for each column of the story level are derived using the modified stability functions. The following effects are included: 1) the types of end connections (rigid, semirigid, and simple); 2) the blueprint layout of the columns (i.e., the cross section orientation and location of the centroid of each column); 3) shear deformations along each column using the modified method initially proposed by Haringx in 1948; and 4) axial load distribution among the columns (i.e., load pattern). The effects of axial deformations and warping torsion are not included. The proposed method is applicable to 2D and 3D framed structures with rigid, semi-rigid, and simple connections. The formulation presented in this paper is based on a previous work presented by Aristizabal-Ochoa in 2007. It is shown that the minimum stiffness of lateral and torsional bracings required by a multi-column system depend on: 1) the blueprint layout of the columns; 2) the variation in heights and cross sectional properties among the columns; 3) the flexural and shear stiffness of each column; 4) the load pattern on the multi-column system; 5) the lack of symmetry (in the loading pattern, column layout, column sizes, and heights) that cause the combined torsion-sway buckling all of which reduce the buckling capacity of the frame as a whole; and 6) the support conditions and restraints at the top end of the columns. The proposed method is limited to multi-column systems with elastic and orthotropic columns with doubly symmetrical cross sections (i.e., with a shear center coinciding with the centroid) oriented in any direction with respect to the global axes. Four comprehensive examples are presented in detail in a companion paper that shows the effectiveness and simplicity of the proposed method.

En este trabajo se presentan herramientas numéricas novedosas, fundamentadas en la teoría de los métodos de continuación por homotopía, para la solución de problemas del equilibrio de fases pertinentes en la caracterización termodinámica de las mezclas ternarias. El aporte principal es la estrategia para transformar los problemas del equilibrio de fases en homotopías termodinámicas que pueden resolverse con los métodos de continuación. Se ilustran algunas situaciones complejas, pero típicas en procesos de destilación azeotrópica y extractiva, acerca de la localización de los azeótropos, la clasificación de las regiones de volatilidad y la envolvente líquido-líquido-vapor.

Innovative numerical tools are presented in this paper, based on the theory of homotopy continuation methods, for the solution of phase equilibrium problems, pertinent in the thermodynamic characterization of ternary mixtures. The main contribution is the strategy to transform phase equilibrium problems in thermodynamic homotopies that can be solved with the continuation methods. Some complex but typical situations are illustrated in processes of azeotropic and extractive distillation, related to the location of azeotropes, the classification of the volatility regions and the liquid-liquid-vapor envelope.

Neste trabalho se apresentam ferramentas numéricas novedosas, fundamentadas na teoria dos métodos de continuação por homotopia, para a solução de problemas do equilíbrio de fases pertinentes na caracterização termodinâmica das misturas ternárias. O aporte principal é a estratégia para transformar os problemas do equilíbrio de fases em homotopias termodinâmicas que podem resolver-se com os métodos de continuação. Ilustram-se algumas situações complexas, mas típicas em processos de destilação azeotrópica e extrativa, acerca da localização dos azeótropos, a classificação das regiões de volatilidade e a envolvente líquido-líquido-vapor.

Uma análise de desempenho dos principais métodos de alocação de perdas para geradores e cargas é realizada. São discutidos dois métodos baseados na técnica pro-rata, três procedimentos baseados em técnica incremental, um método baseado em participação proporcional e mais um método baseado na teoria de circuitos elétricos. Os algoritmos são testados, primeiramente, com exemplos didáticos de fácil verificação de potencialidades e desvantagens, para em seguida avaliar resultados com sistemas de porte maior (IEEE 118). Os resultados apresentados e discutidos verificam: a localização e a magnitude de geradores e cargas; a possibilidade de se ter agentes bem ou mal localizados em cada configuração da rede; o desempenho com alterações na rede elétrica; e o comportamento discriminatório. Conclusões e recomendações são apresentadas.

An analysis of the principal methods of transmission loss allocation acting for generators and loads is presented. Two methods based on the pro-rata technique, three marginal procedures, one method based on proportional sharing and one more method based on the theory of electric circuits are discussed. The algorithms are tested, firstly, with didactic systems for easy verification of potentialities and disadvantages, following of a result evaluations with a large systems (IEEE 118). The presented and discussed results consider: the location and the magnitude of generators and loads; the possibility of having agents well or badly located in each configuration of the net; the performance when variations in the network happen; and the discriminatory behavior. Conclusions and recommendations are stated.