ABSTRACT Introduction: the postgraduate educational climate (CE) in the hospital environment can determine the way in which resident physicians (MRs) adapt to their new stage, during which professional burnout syndrome (PAS) is highly likely to occur at some point. Objective: to determine the relationship between the educational climate and professional burnout in physicians in the medical residency programs of the National Hospital 2023-2024. Methodology: cross-sectional observational study of a sample of MR convenience of both sexes from all medical specialties of the National Hospital between November 2023 and January 2024, MR with external rotation and/or vacations were excluded. Sample calculation; 136 MR. An online form from Google was sent to the MR email requesting voluntary participation. The SAP was measured with the standard Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) method with subscales; emotional exhaustion (EA), depersonalization (DESP), personal fulfillment (PR), with PAS with high scores of AE, DESP and low RP. The EC was assessed with the measure of the hospital postgraduate educational environment (PHEEM) with subscales; perception of role autonomy (PAR), perception of teaching (PE), perception of social support (PSS), the higher the score, the better the EC. Demographic and academic variables, MBI and PHEEM scores were collected, and the SAP was considered dependent, as the main result was the predictive relationship of the PHEEM on the SAP. Data were compared with χ², t-test or Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and linear regression (p-significant value =<0.05). Results: of 233 participants, the mean age was 28.75 (±2.20), 63.94 % (149) women, the general prevalence of PAS; 70.38 % (164/233), PAS in men 75 % (63/84) and women 67.78 % (101/149) p=0.0014, the first 2 years with the highest frequency of PAS; 65 (85.52 %), 59 (86.76 %) respectively p=0.0009, 63 (90 %) p=0.0071 surgical specialties. The subscales of the MBI, the AE; 79.82 % (186) with an average of 35.39 (± 11.61) points. The CE of MRs with SAP; 107.9 (19.6) dots and without PAS; 136.3 (12.1) dots 95 % CI 18.1-25.0 p= 0.0001. The PHEEM predicted the AE with R2=0.619, B= -0.18 (±0.009) p=0.001, and the DESP; R2= 0.385, B= -0.001(0.004) p=0.009, PSS being a significant predictor with inverse correlation in both. Conclusion: there is an inverse relationship between the educational climate and burnout syndrome in the population studied, with a high prevalence of burnout in male residents of surgical specialties, with the social support of the hospital educational environment being a significant predictor for the development of burnout syndrome.

RESUMEN Introducción: el clima educacional (CE) de posgrado en el ambiente hospitalario puede determinar la manera en como los médicos residentes (MR) se adaptan a su nueva etapa, durante el cual el sindrome agotamiento profesional (SAP) es altamente probable de producirse en algún momento. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el clima educacional y el agotamiento profesional en médicos de los programas de residencias médicas del Hospital Nacional 2023-2024. Metodología: estudio observacional transversal de una muestra por conveniencia de MR de ambos sexos de todas las especialidades médicas del Hospital Nacional entre noviembre 2023 y enero 2024, se excluyeron MR con rotación externa y/o vacaciones. Calculo muestral; 136 MR. Se envío un formulario en línea de Google al correo electrónico del MR solicitando la participación voluntaria. El SAP fue medido con el método estándar Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) con subescalas; agotamiento emocional (AE), despersonalización (DESP), realización personal (RP), existiendo SAP con puntuaciones altas de AE, DESP y bajas de RP. El CE fue valorado con la medida del entorno educativo de posgrado hospitalario (PHEEM) con subescalas; percepción autonomía de roles (PAR), percepción enseñanza (PE), percepción soporte social (PSS), a mayor puntaje mejor CE. Se recopiló variables demográficos, académicos, puntajes del MBI y PHEEM, el SAP fue considerado dependiente, como resultado principal la relación predictiva del PHEEM sobre el SAP. Se compararon datos con χ², prueba t o U de Mann-Whitney, ANOVA y regresión lineal (p-valor significativo =<0,05). Resultados: de 233 participantes, la edad media fue de 28,75 (± 2,20), el 63,94 % (149) mujeres, la prevalencia general del SAP; 70,38 % (164/233), SAP en hombres 75 % (63/84) y mujeres 67,78 % (101/149) p=0,0014, los 2 primeros años con mayor frecuencia de SAP; 65 (85,52 %), 59 (86,76 %) repectivamente p=0,0009, de especialidades quirúrgicas 63 (90 %) p=0,0071. Las subescalas del MBI el AE;79,82 % (186) con un promedio de 35,39 (± 11,61) puntos. El PHEEM de los MR con SAP; 107,9(( 19,6) puntos y sin SAP; 136,3(( 12,1) puntos IC 95 % 18,1-25,0 p= 0,0001. El PHEEM predijo el AE con R2=0,619, PPS; B= -0,18 (±0,009) p=0,001, y la DESP; R2= 0,385, PPS; B= -0,001 (±0,004) p=0,009 siendo PSS predictor significativo con correlación inversa en ambas. Conclusión: existe relación inversa entre el clima educativo y el sindrome de agotamiento profesional en la población estudiada, con alta prevalencia de este en residentes hombres de especialidades quirúrgicas, siendo el soporte social del ambiente educativo hospitalario un predictor significativo para el desarrollo del sindrome de agotamiento profesional.

Abstract Objective: To establish the psychometric properties of the aggression questionnaire (AQ) in a sample of Colombian children and adolescents. Method: The AQ was submitted to the judgment of seven experts in order to verify and adjust the clarity of the items taking into account the characteristics of the Colombian population. Following this analysis and adjustment of items, the instrument was applied to a sample of 892 participants between 10 and 23 years of age. For validity, evidence of internal structure was taken into account through confirmatory factor analysis and evidence based on the relationship with other variables. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed two models, one of factorial correlation and the other of second order indicating a model fit. Likewise, internal consistency was calculated by means of the Omega index, which showed precision in the measures for each factor in each of the models. The analysis suggested the elimination of four items. Conclusions: The first-order model was chosen because the empirical evidence shows that it satisfactorily operationalises the theoretical model of aggressive behaviour with which the instrument was constructed, assuming that the four subscales are necessary as a whole, but by themselves are not sufficient to assess aggressive behaviour by means of its items.

Resumen Objetivo: Establecer las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de agresión (CA) en una muestra de niños y adolescentes colombianos. Método: El AQ fue sometido al juicio de siete expertos con el fin de verificar y ajustar la claridad de los ítems teniendo en cuenta las características de la población colombiana. Luego de este análisis y ajuste de ítems, se aplicó el instrumento a una muestra de 892 participantes entre 10 y 23 años de edad. Para la validez se tuvo en cuenta la evidencia de la estructura interna a través del análisis factorial confirmatorio y la evidencia basada en la relación con otras variables. Resultados: El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró dos modelos, uno de correlación factorial y otro de segundo orden indicando un ajuste del modelo. Asimismo, se calculó la consistencia interna mediante el índice Omega, que mostró precisión en las medidas para cada factor en cada uno de los modelos. El análisis sugirió la eliminación de cuatro ítems. Conclusiones: Se eligió el modelo de primer orden porque la evidencia empírica muestra que operacionaliza satisfactoriamente el modelo teórico de conducta agresiva con el que se construyó el instrumento, asumiendo que las cuatro subescalas son necesarias en su conjunto, pero por sí solas no son suficientes para evaluar la conducta agresiva por medio de sus ítems.

Abstract Introduction: The Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS-4) is an ultra-brief self-report measure to assess psychological stress. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the PSS-4 in Colombia. Method: A total of 1,911 adult participants with a university education completed the PSS-4. The characteristics of the items and the subscales were explored. The dimensionality was assessed using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), incorporating an examination of invariance (configural, metric, scalar, and strict) across socio-demographic characteristics. Construct validity (convergent and discriminant), reliability indices, know-groups, and predictive validity were also computed. Results: CFA showed that the one-factor model (psychological stress) with method effects (correlated error terms on the negative-phrased items) was the most appropriate according to fit indices and parsimony considerations, being invariant across gender and age, but not across income level and work status. Internal consistency was adequate for the PSS-4. Significant positive correlations of the PSS-4 were identified with depression and anxiety, as well as significant negative correlations were identified with post-traumatic growth and resilience. The PSS-4 showed adequate capacity to predict potential depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as protective factors such as resilience and post-traumatic growth. Higher scores on the PSS-4 were observed among young people, as well as among people with lower incomes and those who are unemployed. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the PSS-4 can be a reliable and valid tool for assessing psychological stress in Colombians with a university education.

Resumen Introducción: La Escala de Estrés Percibido-4 (EEP-4) es una medida de autoinforme ultrabreve para evaluar el estrés psicológico. Este estudio evaluó las propiedades psicométricas del EEP-4 en Colombia. Método: Un total de 1911 participantes adultos con educación universitaria completaron el EEP-4. Se exploraron las características de los ítems y las subescalas. La dimensionalidad se evaluó mediante análisis de componentes principales y análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), incorporando una examinación de invarianza (configural, métrica, escalar y estricta) según las características sociodemográficas. También se calculó la validez de constructo (convergente y discriminante), los índices de fiabilidad, los grupos conocidos y la validez predictiva. Resultados: El AFC mostró que el modelo de un factor (estrés psicológico) con efectos de método (términos de error correlacionados en los ítems con frases negativas) era el más apropiado según los índices de ajuste y las consideraciones de parsimonia, siendo invariante según el género y la edad, pero no según el nivel de ingresos y la situación laboral. La consistencia interna fue adecuada para el EEP-4. Se identificaron correlaciones positivas significativas del EEP-4 con la depresión y la ansiedad, así como correlaciones negativas significativas con el crecimiento postraumático y la resiliencia. El EEP-4 mostró una capacidad adecuada para predecir posibles síntomas de depresión y ansiedad, así como factores protectores como la resiliencia y el crecimiento postraumático. Se observaron puntuaciones más altas en la EEP-4 entre los jóvenes, así como entre las personas con ingresos más bajos y en situación de desempleo. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos sugieren que la EEP-4 podría ser una herramienta fiable y válida para evaluar el estrés psicológico en colombianos con educación universitaria.

Resumen En este texto se reporta la validación de una versión de la escala de teorías implícitas de comprensión lectora (ETICOLEC), modificada para futuros docentes de español de una universidad pública de la Península de Yucatán y describimos las teorías implícitas encontradas en la muestra. Seguimos el procedimiento de Prat y Doval (2005) para incorporar nuevos ítems a la escala y poner a prueba sus propiedades psicométricas mediante análisis de componentes principales y de consistencia interna con alfa de Cronbach, utilizando el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, v. 26). Además de registrarse propiedades psicométricas, el estudio identificó tres subescalas con buena consistencia interna, cada una de las cuales mide una teoría implícita o conjunto de creencias sobre la comprensión lectora. Algunos participantes sostienen más de una teoría implícita, en tanto que un grupo más grande no sustentan ninguna. Ello puede tener implicaciones para sus procesos de alfabetización académico disciplinar y su futura práctica docente.

Abstract In this text it is reported the validation of a new version of the scale of implicit theories of reading comprehension (ETICOLEC as per its Spanish acronym) modified for future Spanish teachers at a public university in the Yucatán Peninsula. We also describe their implicit theories. A standard procedure (Prat y Doval 2005) was used to add new items to the scale and test its psychometric properties using principal component analysis and internal consistency analysis with Cronbach’s alpha. Calculations were performed with the use the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v. 26). Besides to register psychometric properties, the study identified three subscales with good internal consistency, each of which measures an implicit theory or set of beliefs about reading comprehension. A few participants hold more than one implicit theory, while a larger group does not sustain any of them. This may have implications for their disciplinary literacy processes and their future teaching practices.

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies benefit learners with complex communication needs (CCN) by allowing them to participate, interact and learn. AAC is realised in the South African Education policy; however, research indicates that many teachers still have limited AAC knowledge. With this study we aimed to describe the effect of a newly developed evidence-based AAC training programme on special school teachers' perceptions of their own abilities related to teaching learners with CCN as well as their perceptions of the general academic, communication, and classroom interaction skills of learners with CCN and finally the teachers' perceptions of the inclusion of learners with CCN. A quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test group design with a non-randomised control group was used, employing a standardised measuring instrument, with 5 subscales, namely the modified teachers attitude scale (MTAS). The sample size included 58 teachers who participated: 6 in the pilot, 34 in the experimental and 18 in the control group. The brief AAC training session of 4 hours had a positive, statistically significant effect on several items on the subscales measuring teachers' perceptions of their abilities related to teaching learners with CCN, as well as their perceptions of the communication of learners with CCN, classroom interaction skills, and teachers' perceptions on the inclusion of learners with CCN. AAC training is recommended for special school teachers to enhance their own knowledge and to enhance the academic and social skills of learners with CCN. Furthermore, future studies are recommended to determine the prevalence of learners with CCN to influence the planning of services for this population in this context.

Abstract: In the Chilean pediatric population, to date, there is no validated screening instrument for sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). Objective: to develop and validate a cross-cultural adaptation of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire - sleep-related breathing disorder scale (PSQ-SRBD), by creating the Chilean Spanish version (PSQ-CL). Patients and Method: The PSQ-SRBD was translated from English into Chilean Spanish, obtaining the PSQ-CL, which was subsequently validated. Internal consistency was determined through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient in 26 children with obstructive sleep apnea confirmed by polysomnography and in 112 controls. Reliability was obtained through the test-retest method. Results: In the pilot group, the overall internal consistency of the PSQ- CL through Cronbach’s alpha was 0.71 and the internal consistency was 0.653, 0.566, and 0.808 in subscales A, B, and C, respectively. The discrimination capacity of the PSQ-CL questionnaire established through ROC analysis was 81%, determining a cut-off score of 0.227 with a sensitivity of 73.08% and a specificity of 77.68%. Conclusions: The PSQ-CL is a suitable instrument for screening sleep-disordered breathing in Chilean children. This instrument may be useful in clinical practice and epidemiological research in the Chilean pediatric population and could be used for multicenter studies.

Resumen: Hasta la fecha, no existe un instrumento validado de detección de Trastornos Respiratorios del Sueño (TRS) en la población pediátrica en Chile. Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar la adaptación transcultural de la escala para trastornos respiratorios del sueño de la encuesta pediátrica del sueño (PSQ-SRBD), creando la versión chilena en español de este instrumento (PSQ-CL). Pacientes y Método: El PSQ-SRBD fue traducido del inglés al idioma español-chileno, obteniendo el PSQ-CL, el cual fue validado posteriormente. La consistencia interna se determinó mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach en 26 niños con apnea obstructiva del sueño confirmada por polisomnografía y en 112 controles. La confiabilidad se obtuvo mediante la prueba test-retest. Resultados: En el grupo piloto, la consistencia interna global del PSQ-CL mediante alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,71 y la consistencia interna fue de 0,653, 0,566 y 0,808 en las subescalas A, B y C, respectivamente. La capacidad de discriminación del cuestionario PSQ-CL establecida mediante análisis ROC fue del 81%, determinando un puntaje de corte de 0,227 con una sensibilidad del 73,08% y una especificidad del 77,68%. Conclusiones: El PSQ-CL es un instrumento adecuado para detectar los trastornos respiratorios del sueño en niños chilenos. Este instrumento puede ser útil en la práctica clínica y en la investigación epidemiológica en la población pediátrica chilena y podría usarse para realizar estudios a nivel multicéntrico.

RESUMEN El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno prevalente en la infancia y la adolescencia y presenta desafíos para los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Delante a esto, sería recomendable que los profesionales que trabajan en el contexto escolar tuvieran conocimientos sobre el trastorno, incluidos aspectos de diagnóstico y tratamiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de los profesores de las escuelas públicas estatales de Rondonyà sobre el TDAH. Se aplicó la versión brasileña de la Escala de Conocimiento de los Trastornos por Déficit de Atención (KADDS-Br) a 202 profesores de 18 municipios de Rondonyà. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos e inferenciales para explorar el grado de conocimiento, malentendidos y lagunas sobre el TDAH, incluida la puntuación total y tres subescalas de KADDS-Br: características generales, síntomas/diagnóstico y tratamiento. Los docentes que participaron del estudio mostraron un porcentaje de conocimiento sobre el TDAH del 52,67%, pero con errores relevantes (18,90%) y lagunas (28,48%). Con relación a dominios específicos, el porcentaje de conocimiento mostró cierta variabilidad, siendo más evidente con relación a síntomas/diagnósticos (69,54%) y menos prominente en características generales (46,45%) y tratamiento (48,95%). El nivel de conocimiento de los profesores de las escuelas públicas estatales de Rondonyà sobre el TDAH es medio, lo que sugiere la necesidad de una formación específica sobre el trastorno.

RESUMO O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) é um transtorno prevalente na infância e na adolescência que apresenta desafios para os processos de ensino e aprendizagem. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos professores das escolas públicas estaduais de Rondônia acerca do TDAH. A versão brasileira da Knowledge of Attention Deficit Disorders Scale (KADDS-Br) foi aplicada em 202 professores de 18 municípios de Rondônia. Análises descritivas e inferenciais foram conduzidas para explorar o grau de conhecimento, de equívocos e de lacunas sobre o TDAH, incluindo o escore total e três subescalas da KADDS-Br: características gerais, sintomas/diagnóstico e tratamento. Os professores que participaram do estudo evidenciaram um percentual de conhecimento sobre o TDAH de 52,67%, mas com relevantes equívocos (18,90%) e lacunas (28,48%). Em relação aos domínios específicos, o percentual de conhecimento apresentou alguma variabilidade, sendo mais evidente em relação aos sintomas/diagnósticos (69,54%) e menos proeminente sobre características gerais (46,45%) e tratamento (48,95%). O nível de conhecimento dos professores das escolas públicas estaduais de Rondônia sobre o TDAH é mediano, sugerindo a necessidade de formação específica sobre o transtorno.

ABSTRACT The Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent disorder in childhood and adolescence and presents challenges for the teaching and learning processes. Given this, it would be recommended that professionals working in the school context knew about the disorder, including aspects of diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of teachers in state public schools in Rondônia about ADHD. The Brazilian version of the Knowledge of Attention Deficit Disorders Scale (KADDS-Br) was applied to 202 teachers from 18 municipalities in Rondônia. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to explore the degree of knowledge, misunderstandings, and gaps about ADHD, including the total score and three subscales of KADDS-Br: general characteristics, symptoms/diagnosis, and treatment. The teachers who participated in the study showed a percentage of knowledge about ADHD of 52.67% but with relevant mistakes (18.90%) and gaps (28.48%). In relation to specific domains, the percentage of knowledge showed some variability, being more evident concerning symptoms/diagnoses (69.54%) and less prominent in general characteristics (46.45%) and treatment (48.95%). The level of knowledge of teachers in state public schools in Rondônia about ADHD is average, suggesting the need for specific training on the disorder.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los efectos de una intervención desarrollada en formato de superposición curricular relacionada con la enseñanza de estrategias de aprendizaje a profesores de Educación Secundaria de una escuela pública estatal en Paraná/Brasil. Participaron en la investigación un total de 14 profesores. Los profesores participaron en la intervención en formato híbrido que duró 5 meses y constó de 17 sesiones de intervención, totalizando 50 horas. La investigación siguió un diseño cuasi-experimental cumpliendo las etapas de pretest, intervención y postest. En la intervención se enseñaron a los profesores estrategias de aprendizaje cognitivas, metacognitivas, de recursos internos y contextuales. Los resultados señalaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar el pretest y el postest para las subescalas de autorregulación: cognitiva y metacognitiva, de recursos internos y contextuales y autorregulación total de la escala. Se destaca la necesidad de más estudios con profesores en formación inicial o continua, ya que desempeñan un papel importante en la formación de sus alumnos y también con otros participantes, niveles escolares, culturas y contextos.

Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar os efeitos de uma intervenção desenvolvida no formato de uma sobreposição curricular relacionada ao ensino de estratégias de aprendizagem aos professores do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública estadual do Paraná/Brasil. Participaram da pesquisa até à conclusão 14 professores. Os professores participaram da intervenção no formato híbrido que durou 5 meses e foi composta por 17 sessões de intervenção, totalizando 50 horas. A pesquisa seguiu um delineamento quase-experimental cumprindo as etapas de pré-teste, intervenção e pós-teste. Na intervenção foram ensinadas aos professores estratégias de aprendizagem cognitivas, metacognitiva, de recursos internos e contextuais. Os resultados apontaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes ao comparar o pré e pós-teste para as subescalas de autorregulação: cognitiva e metacognitiva, de recursos internos e contextuais e autorregulação total da escala. Ressalta-se a necessidade de mais estudos com professores em formação inicial ou continuada, pois eles desempenham um importante papel na formação de seus alunos, bem como com outros participantes, níveis escolares, culturas e contextos.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effects of an intervention developed in the format of a curricular overlay related to the teaching of learning strategies for high school teachers in a public school in Paraná, Brazil. Fourteen teachers participated in the research until its conclusion. The teachers participated in a hybrid format intervention that lasted for 5 months and was composed of 17 intervention sessions, totaling 50 hours. The research followed a pre-experimental design, following the stages of pre-test, intervention, and post-test. During the intervention stage, cognitive, metacognitive, internal and contextual resource learning strategies were taught to the educators. The results showed statistically significant differences when comparing the pre- and post-test for the sub-scales of self-regulation: cognitive and metacognitive, internal and contextual resources, and total self-regulation of the scale. There is a need for more studies with teachers in initial or continued formation, as they play an important role in the formation of students, as well as with other participants, school levels, cultures, and contexts.

Abstract This study reports the psychometric characteristics of a Portuguese form of the 40-item Big Five Mini-Markers, relying upon a cross-sectional design with a sample of 673 Portuguese undergraduates from a Portuguese public university. Results supported the five-factor structure of the translated version and the internal consistency levels of the sub-scales were equivalent to the original version. However, nine items were identified as problematic and dropped from the analysis, due to low component loadings or relatively high cross-loadings. Further evidence from the remaining 31 items supported this instrument’s incremental validity for predicting students’ self-handicapping behaviours over previous academic achievement. Key implications for further research with the Portuguese version of this instrument are briefly presented and discussed.

School readiness assessments in South Africa still predominantly focus on the assessment of cognitive skills. The Emotional Social Screening Tool for School Readiness (E3SR) was developed to bridge the perceived gap in assessing emotional-social skills as a domain of school readiness. An emerging body of research reports exists on the psychometric properties and factor structure of the E3SR. An initial validation study recommended a 6-factor solution instead of the theoretical 9-factor model that was proposed in the development of the E3SR. The E3SR (Revised) was also reduced in length. We report here on a pilot study of which the aim was to establish the reliability and construct validity of the E3SR (Revised). A cross-sectional survey design was used to gather data from 9 pre-schools in Cape Town, South Africa. Pre-school teachers (n = 24) constituted the respondent group who completed the E3SR (Revised) screening questionnaires on Grade R learners (n = 394). Analysis was conducted on 321 completed screening questionnaires. With the data analysis we aimed to: a) summarise sample characteristics of teachers and children; b) establish reliability estimates; and c) establish construct validity and confirming the factor structure. Ethics clearance was given by the Humanities and Social Science Research Ethics Committee (HSSREC) of the University of the Western Cape. The study adhered to stipulated ethics requirements. Data failed to show multivariate normality; however, this violation of normality was expected and was theoretically supported. The sample size (n = 321) was sufficient for factor analysis of a 36-item scale. All subscales showed excellent reliability: Cronbach's alphas ranged between .939 and .971. CFA results demonstrated a good model fit. The E3SR (Revised) was found to be reliable and valid for use. The use of a rigorous methodological process including the decision-making matrix represent good research practice that can be used in instrument development across cultures.

RESUMEN Introducción: La caries es una de las enfermedades crónicas que más afecta a la humanidad, los niños son un grupo de alto riesgo de presentarla. La Calidad de Vida Relacionada con Salud Oral (CVRSO) se refiere a la percepción de las condiciones bucales de uno mismo y la manera en que los factores afectados impactan el bienestar y desempeño en las actividades diarias, el desarrollo de indicadores de esta se ve limitado por el nivel cognitivo de los niños, lo que genera el P-CPQ para determinar la percepción parental. Objetivo: determinar la percepción parental de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal de los niños de 6 a 10 años. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo con componente analítico. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta a 98 padres, el P-CPQ modificado que consta de 23 preguntas que abarcan las subescalas de síntomas orales, limitaciones funcionales, bienestar emocional y bienestar social. Resultados: Relacionando los resultados del cuestionario con la presencia de caries en dientes permanentes se reportó el aumento de caries con la edad; el sexo femenino predominó entre los participantes con caries siendo el 63,8%. La puntuación media fue de 13,6 (DE=13,1). Se presentó una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la percepción parental de CVRSO de los niños y la presencia de caries dental en dientes permanentes (p=0,004). Conclusiones: Se concluyó que la presencia de caries en dientes permanentes en niños de 6 a 10 años puede disminuir significativamente la CVRSO en las dimensiones de síntomas orales, limitaciones funcionales y bienestar social.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Caries is one of the chronic diseases that most affects humanity; children are a high-risk group for developing it. Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQL) refers to the perception of one's own oral conditions and the way in which the affected factors impact well-being and performance in daily activities. The development of indicators of this is limited by the cognitive level of the children, which led to the P-CPQ to determine parental perception. Objective: to determine the parental perception of the quality of life related to the oral health of children from 6 to 10 years old. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and observational study with an analytical component. A survey of 98 parents was conducted, using the modified P-CPQ which consists of 23 questions covering the subscales of oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being, and social well-being. Results: Relating the results of the questionnaire with the presence of cavities in permanent teeth, an increase in cavities with age was reported; the female sex predominated among the participants with cavities, being 63.8%. The mean score was 13.6 (SD=13.1). There was a statistically significant association between parental perception of children's OHRQL and the presence of dental caries in permanent teeth (p=0.004). Conclusions: The presence of caries in permanent teeth in children aged 6 to 10 years can significantly reduce OHRQLin the dimensions of oral symptoms, functional limitations and social well-being.

Abstract: In the Chilean pediatric population, to date, there is no validated screening instrument for sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). Objective: to develop and validate a cross-cultural adaptation of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire - sleep-related breathing disorder scale (PSQ-SRBD), by creating the Chilean Spanish version (PSQ-CL). Patients and Method: The PSQ-SRBD was translated from English into Chilean Spanish, obtaining the PSQ-CL, which was subsequently validated. Internal consistency was determined through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient in 26 children with obstructive sleep apnea confirmed by polysomnography and in 112 controls. Reliability was obtained through the test-retest method. Results: In the pilot group, the overall internal consistency of the PSQ- CL through Cronbach’s alpha was 0.71 and the internal consistency was 0.653, 0.566, and 0.808 in subscales A, B, and C, respectively. The discrimination capacity of the PSQ-CL questionnaire established through ROC analysis was 81%, determining a cut-off score of 0.227 with a sensitivity of 73.08% and a specificity of 77.68%. Conclusions: The PSQ-CL is a suitable instrument for screening sleep-disordered breathing in Chilean children. This instrument may be useful in clinical practice and epidemiological research in the Chilean pediatric population and could be used for multicenter studies.

Resumen: Hasta la fecha, no existe un instrumento validado de detección de Trastornos Respiratorios del Sueño (TRS) en la población pediátrica en Chile. Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar la adaptación transcultural de la escala para trastornos respiratorios del sueño de la encuesta pediátrica del sueño (PSQ-SRBD), creando la versión chilena en español de este instrumento (PSQ-CL). Pacientes y Método: El PSQ-SRBD fue traducido del inglés al idioma español-chileno, obteniendo el PSQ-CL, el cual fue validado posteriormente. La consistencia interna se determinó mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach en 26 niños con apnea obstructiva del sueño confirmada por polisomnografía y en 112 controles. La confiabilidad se obtuvo mediante la prueba test-retest. Resultados: En el grupo piloto, la consistencia interna global del PSQ-CL mediante alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,71 y la consistencia interna fue de 0,653, 0,566 y 0,808 en las subescalas A, B y C, respectivamente. La capacidad de discriminación del cuestionario PSQ-CL establecida mediante análisis ROC fue del 81%, determinando un puntaje de corte de 0,227 con una sensibilidad del 73,08% y una especificidad del 77,68%. Conclusiones: El PSQ-CL es un instrumento adecuado para detectar los trastornos respiratorios del sueño en niños chilenos. Este instrumento puede ser útil en la práctica clínica y en la investigación epidemiológica en la población pediátrica chilena y podría usarse para realizar estudios a nivel multicéntrico.

RESUMEN Objetivo: realizar la adaptación lingüística y cultural y validar la escala Scale for the Environment Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice (SEE - Nursing Practice) para Brasil. Método: estudio metodológico con una muestra de 291 enfermeros que trabajan en ocho hospitales de Brasil. La recolección de datos ocurrió de julio a octobre de 2021. La consistencia interna del instrumento se evaluó por medio del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y la validez de la estructura de la escala por dominios se evaluó a través de Análisis Factorial Exploratorio con extracción por componentes principales y rotación Varimax, además de medidas de adecuación y esfericidad. Resultados: en la subescala de la dimensión Estructura, una solución de 6 factores explicó el 63,1% de la varianza total, con 40 ítems distribuidos en seis factores. En la subescala de la dimensión Proceso, el Análisis Factorial Exploratorio de cinco factores explicó el 62% de la varianza total y constó de 33 ítems. El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio de la subescala de la dimensión Resultado indicó una solución de dos factores que explicaron el 67,7% de la varianza total y estuvo compuesta por 13 ítems. Las subescalas de la escala SEE - Nursing Practice (Estructura, Proceso y Resultado) obtuvieron valores de consistencia interna de 0,956, 0,929 y 0,937, respectivamente. Conclusión: la versión brasileña de la escala SEE - Nursing Practice es una herramienta válida y confiable que se utiliza para evaluar se los ambientes de práctica profesional de la Enfermería promueven calidad de asistencia. Objetivo Brasil Método 29 2021 Varimax esfericidad Resultados Estructura 631 63 1 63,1 4 62 3 677 67 7 67,7 (Estructura 0956 0 956 0,956 0929 929 0,92 0937 937 0,937 respectivamente Conclusión asistencia 2 202 63, 67, 095 95 0,95 092 92 0,9 093 93 0,93 20 09 9 0,

ABSTRACT Objective: to perform the linguistic, cultural and validation adaptation of Scale for the Environment Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice (SEE - Nursing Practice) for Brazil. Method: a methodological study with a sample of 291 nurses working in eight Brazilian hospitals. Data collection occurred from July to October 2021. Internal consistency of the instrument was evaluated by means of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and validity of the structure of the scale by domains was evaluated via exploratory factor analysis with extraction by principal components and Varimax rotation, as well as adequacy and measureability measures. Results: in the subscale of the Structure dimension, a 6-factor solution explained 63.1% of the total variance, consisting of 40 items, distributed in six factors. In the subscale of the Process dimension, the exploratory five-factor analysis explained 62% of the total variance and consisted of 33 items. The exploratory factor analysis of the Outcome dimension subscale indicated a two-factor solution that explained 67.7% of the total variance and consisted of 13 items. The subscales of SEE - Nursing Practice (Structure, Process and Outcome) obtained internal consistency values of 0.956, 0.929 and 0.937, respectively. Conclusion: the Brazilian version of SEE - Nursing Practice is a valid and reliable tool used to assess whether professional Nursing practice environments promote care quality. Objective linguistic Brazil Method 29 hospitals 2021 Cronbachs Cronbach s coefficient rotation measures Results 6factor 6 631 63 1 63.1 4 items factors fivefactor five 62 3 twofactor two 677 67 7 67.7 Structure, (Structure 0956 0 956 0.956 0929 929 0.92 0937 937 0.937 respectively Conclusion quality 2 202 63. 67. 095 95 0.95 092 92 0.9 093 93 0.93 20 09 9 0.

RESUMO Objetivo: realizar a adaptação linguística, cultural e validação da Scale for the Environment Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice (SEE - Nursing Practice) para o Brasil. Método: estudo metodológico utilizando uma amostra de 291 enfermeiros, atuantes em oito hospitais brasileiros. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de julho a outubro de 2021. A consistência interna do instrumento foi avaliada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e a validade da estruturação da escala por domínios foi avaliada pela Análise Factorial Exploratória com extração por componentes principais e rotação Varimax e medidas de adequação e de esfericidade. Resultados: na subescala da dimensão Estrutura uma solução de 6 fatores explicou 63,1% da variância total, ficando constituída por 40 itens, distribuídos em seis fatores. Na subescala da dimensão Processo, a análise factorial exploratória de cinco fatores, explicou 62% da variância total e ficou constituída por 33 itens. A análise factorial exploratória da subescala da dimensão Resultado apontou uma solução de dois fatores que explicaram 67,7% da variância total e constituída por 13 itens. As subescalas da SEE - Nursing Practice - Estrutura, Processo e Resultado obtiveram uma consistência interna de 0,956, 0,929 e 0,937, respectivamente. Conclusão: a versão brasileira da SEE - Nursing Practice é uma ferramenta válida e confiável utilizada para avaliar se os ambientes de prática profissional de enfermagem são promotores de qualidade de atendimento. Objetivo linguística Brasil Método 29 enfermeiros brasileiros 2021 esfericidade Resultados 631 63 1 63,1 4 itens 62 3 677 67 7 67,7 0956 0 956 0,956 0929 929 0,92 0937 937 0,937 respectivamente Conclusão atendimento 2 202 63, 67, 095 95 0,95 092 92 0,9 093 93 0,93 20 09 9 0,

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el ambiente de la práctica profesional de la enfermería durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Método: estudio transversal, realizado en una muestra constituida por el equipo de enfermería que actuaba en un hospital universitario. Se utilizó la escalaPractice Environment Scale(versión brasileña) con 24 ítems distribuidos en cinco subescalas. Los análisis fueron realizados en elStatistical Package for the Social Sciences, versión 25, y se aplicó una significancia estadística de 5% (p≤0,05). La consistencia interna del instrumento fue evaluada con el Alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: participaron de la investigación 243 profesionales, siendo 62,1% técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería y 37,9% enfermeros. La media del puntaje para laPractice Environment Scalefue de 2,58 (Desviación Estándar = 0,69). Los participantes consideraron tres de las cinco subescalas favorables: “Fundamentos de enfermería orientados para la calidad del cuidado” (media 2,58 e DE ± 0,73); “Habilidad, liderazgo y soporte de los coordinadores/supervisores de enfermería a los enfermeros/equipo de enfermería” (media 2,74 y DE ± 0,82) y “Relaciones de compañerismo entre enfermeros y médicos” (media 2,78 y DE ± 0,76). Los profesionales capacitados para el cuidado de los pacientes con Covid-19 tuvieron una percepción más favorable en relación a aquellos que no lo fueron. Conclusión: el ambiente de trabajo de la enfermería fue considerado mixto, en la pandemia, por tanto, necesita de mejorías para que las condiciones de trabajo de la enfermería sean las más adecuadas posibles. Objetivo COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 COVID-19 Método transversal universitario Scaleversión Scale brasileña 2 Sciences 25 5 p≤0,05. p005 p p≤0,05 . 0 05 (p≤0,05) Cronbach Resultados 621 62 1 62,1 379 37 9 37,9 258 58 2,5 Desviación 0,69. 069 0,69 69 0,69) favorables Fundamentos 0,73 073 73 0,73) Habilidad, Habilidad “Habilidad coordinadoressupervisores coordinadores supervisores enfermerosequipo 274 74 2,7 0,82 082 82 Relaciones médicos 278 78 0,76. 076 0,76 76 0,76) Covid19 Covid Covid-1 Conclusión mixto tanto posibles COVID1 COVID-1 p00 p≤0,0 (p≤0,05 6 62, 3 37, 2, 06 0,6 0,7 07 7 27 0,8 08 8 Covid1 Covid- COVID- p0 p≤0, (p≤0,0 0, p≤0 (p≤0, p≤ (p≤0 (p≤ (p

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the environment of nursing professional practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: cross-sectional study addressing a sample comprising nursing workers from a university hospital. The Brazilian version of the Practice Environment Scale was used, with 24 items distributed into five subscales. The analyses were performed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25; the statistical significance was set at 5% (p≤0.05), and the internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha. Results: 243 workers participated in the study: 62.1% of nursing technicians and aides and 37.9% of nurses. The mean score on the Practice Environment Scale was 2.58 (standard deviation=0.69). Three of the five subscales were poorly assessed: “Nursing foundations for quality of care” (mean 2.58 and SD ± 0.73), “Nursing manager, ability, leadership, and support of nurses” (mean 2.74 and SD ± 0.82), and “Collegial nurse-physician relations” (mean 2.78 and SD ± 0.76). The perception of the professionals who received training to care for Covid-19 patients was more favorable than those who did not receive any training. Conclusion: The nursing work environment during the pandemic was considered mixed; therefore, improvements are required to make nursing working conditions as adequate as possible. Objective COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Method crosssectional cross sectional hospital used 2 Sciences 25 5 p≤0.05, p005 p p≤0.05 , 0 05 (p≤0.05) Cronbachs Cronbach s alpha Results 621 62 1 62.1 379 37 9 37.9 nurses 258 58 2.5 standard deviation=0.69. deviation069 deviation deviation=0.69 . 69 deviation=0.69) Nursing 0.73, 073 0.73 73 0.73) manager ability leadership 274 74 2.7 0.82, 082 0.82 82 0.82) Collegial nursephysician nurse physician relations 278 78 0.76. 076 0.76 76 0.76) Covid19 Covid Covid-1 Conclusion mixed therefore possible COVID1 COVID- p00 p≤0.0 (p≤0.05 6 62. 3 37. 2. deviation06 deviation=0.6 07 0.7 7 27 08 0.8 8 Covid1 Covid- p0 p≤0. (p≤0.0 deviation0 deviation=0. 0. p≤0 (p≤0. deviation=0 p≤ (p≤0 deviation= (p≤ (p

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o ambiente da prática profissional da enfermagem durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Método: estudo transversal, conduzido em uma amostra constituída pela equipe de enfermagem que atuava em um hospital universitário. Utilizou-se a escala Practice Environment Scale (versão brasileira) com 24 itens distribuídos em cinco subescalas. As análises foram realizadas no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 25, e aplicou-se significância estatística de 5% (p≤0,05). A consistência interna do instrumento foi avaliada pelo alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: participaram da pesquisa 243 profissionais, sendo 62,1% técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem e 37,9% enfermeiros. A média do escore para a Practice Environment Scale foi de 2,58 (desvio-padrão = 0,69) e os participantes consideraram três das cinco subescalas favoráveis: “Fundamentos de enfermagem voltados para a qualidade do cuidado” (média 2,58 e dp ± 0,73); “Habilidade, liderança e suporte dos coordenadores/supervisores de enfermagem aos enfermeiros/equipe de enfermagem” (média 2,74 e dp ± 0,82) e “Relações colegiais entre enfermeiros e médicos” (média 2,78 e dp ± 0,76). Os profissionais capacitados para o cuidado dos pacientes com COVID-19 tiveram percepção mais favorável em relação àqueles que não o foram. Conclusão: o ambiente de trabalho da enfermagem foi considerado misto, na pandemia, portanto, necessita de melhorias para que as condições de trabalho da enfermagem sejam as mais adequadas possíveis. Objetivo Covid19. Covid19 Covid 19. 19 Covid-19 Método transversal universitário Utilizouse Utilizou se brasileira 2 Sciences 25 aplicouse aplicou 5 p≤0,05. p005 p p≤0,05 . 0 05 (p≤0,05) Cronbach Resultados 621 62 1 62,1 379 37 9 37,9 258 58 2,5 desviopadrão desvio padrão 0,69 069 69 favoráveis Fundamentos 0,73 073 73 0,73) Habilidade, Habilidade “Habilidade coordenadoressupervisores coordenadores supervisores enfermeirosequipe 274 74 2,7 0,82 082 82 Relações médicos 278 78 0,76. 076 0,76 76 0,76) COVID19 COVID COVID-1 Conclusão misto portanto possíveis Covid1 Covid-1 p00 p≤0,0 (p≤0,05 6 62, 3 37, 2, 0,6 06 0,7 07 7 27 0,8 08 8 COVID1 COVID- Covid- p0 p≤0, (p≤0,0 0, p≤0 (p≤0, p≤ (p≤0 (p≤ (p

Abstract Introduction: The PHEEM (postgraduate hospital educational environment measure) is a validated and reliable instrument to assess the educational environment in medical residency programs. Objective: To map the application of the PHEEM questionnaire in medical residency, evaluate the results found, positive and negative aspects and points for improvement. Method: We performed a scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs institution’s methodology. Studies that followed the PCC structure were included, as follows: P (participants) = resident physicians of any specialty; C (concept) = The PHEEM is an instrument used to assess the educational environment in medical residency, through a 40-item questionnaire divided into 3 subscales that include perception of autonomy, teaching and social support. C (context)= studies on PHEEM in medical residency of any specialty. PubMed, EMBASE and the Virtual Health Library databases were the data sources. Results: We identified 1588 references, and after reading the title and abstract, 50 references were selected for full reading, and 36 studies were included. The studies were carried out in 22 countries, and most revealed a more positive than negative educational environment, albeit with room for improvement. In the subscales, the perception of autonomy was more positive than negative, and the perception of teaching revealed that most programs are moving in the right direction. However, when evaluating social support, the results were divided between an unpleasant environment and an environment with more pros than cons. The main highlighted positive points were low racial and sexual discrimination, possibility of working in a team, adequate level of responsibilities, accessible teachers with good teaching skills, learning opportunities and participation in educational events. The main negative points were lack of adequate food and accommodation during the shifts, excessive workload, lack of feedback from preceptors and lack of protected time for study and the culture of blaming the resident. Conclusion: The application of PHEEM revealed that in most medical residency programs the educational environment was more positive than negative, albeit with room for improvement. Efforts are needed to improve the educational environment, especially social support, in medical residency programs. Introduction postgraduate measure Objective found improvement Method institutions institution s methodology included follows participants (participants specialty concept (concept 40item item 40 support context= context (context) PubMed sources Results 158 abstract 5 2 countries direction However cons discrimination team responsibilities skills events shifts workload Conclusion 4 (context 15 1

Resumo Introdução: O Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM) é um instrumento validado e confiável para avaliar o ambiente educacional nos programas de residência médica. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos mapear a aplicação do questionário PHEEM na residência médica e avaliar os resultados, os aspectos positivos e negativos e os pontos passíveis de melhoria. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo de acordo com a metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs de revisões de escopo. Foram incluídos estudos seguindo a estrutura PCC: P (participantes) = médicos residentes de qualquer especialidade; C (conceito) = o PHEEM é um instrumento utilizado para avaliar o ambiente educacional na residência médica, por meio de um questionário de 40 itens divididos em três subescalas que incluem percepção de autonomia, ensino e suporte social; C (cenário) = pesquisas sobre o PHEEM na residência médica de qualquer especialidade. As bases eletrônicas pesquisadas foram: PubMed, Embase e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Resultado: As estratégias de busca rodadas resultaram em 1.588 estudos, 50 foram lidos na íntegra, e incluíram-se 36. Os estudos foram realizados em 22 países, e a maioria revelou um ambiente educacional mais positivo que negativo, entretanto com espaço para melhorias. Nas subescalas, a percepção de autonomia se mostrou mais positiva que negativa, e a percepção de ensino revelou que a maioria dos programas está caminhando na direção certa. Entretanto, na avaliação do suporte social, os resultados foram divididos entre um ambiente não agradável e um ambiente com mais prós do que contras. Os principais pontos positivos destacados foram baixa discriminação racial e sexual, possibilidade de trabalhar em equipe, nível adequado de responsabilidades, professores acessíveis e com boas habilidades de ensino, oportunidades de aprendizado e participação em eventos educacionais. Os principais pontos negativos foram falta de alimentação e acomodação adequadas durante o plantão, carga horária excessiva, falta de feedback por parte dos preceptores, falta de tempo protegido para estudo e cultura de culpar o residente. Conclusão: A aplicação do PHEEM revelou que, na maioria dos programas de residência médica, o ambiente educacional se mostrou mais positivo que negativo, entretanto com espaço para melhorias. São necessários esforços para a melhoria do ambiente educacional, especialmente do suporte social, nos programas de residência médica. Introdução (PHEEM Objetivo Método Tratase Trata PCC participantes (participantes especialidade conceito (conceito 4 social cenário (cenário PubMed BVS. BVS . (BVS) Resultado 1588 1 588 1.58 5 íntegra incluíramse incluíram 36 2 países negativo melhorias negativa certa Entretanto contras sexual equipe responsabilidades educacionais plantão excessiva preceptores residente Conclusão (BVS 158 58 1.5 3 15 1.