This study offers a comprehensive analysis of how governance capacities in developing countries respond to the challenges that COVID-19 posed. We established a theoretical framework to delve into the multifaceted nature of governance capacities, exploring two distinct aspects of governance: the Weberian one, which focuses on material and organizational capacities, and the Tocquevillian one, which focuses on coordination and associational capacities. We examined these four governance dimensions to illustrate how these distinct skills influence the effectiveness of governance. Our analysis quantifies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using such metrics as confirmed cases and deaths. We employ standard and dynamic panel data methodologies to mitigate potential omitted variable bias. Our research findings indicate that countries with robust governance capacities, as assessed by the Bertelsmann Stiftung's Transformation Governance Index, are better equipped to respond effectively to pandemic crises. By applying several models and rigorous robustness tests, we demonstrate efficient resource utilization, the ability to guide and prioritize decision-making within the government, and commitment to cooperation and coordination with other nations and international organizations are the primary drivers of improved outcomes. Our findings remain robust even when controlling for relevant variables and employing estimation techniques that account for potential biases arising from unobservable confounding factors. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 posed one deaths bias Stiftungs Stiftung s Index crises tests utilization decisionmaking decision making government outcomes factors COVID1 1 COVID-

RESUMO Introdução: incorporar e melhorar socialmente o padrão de vida de bebês com diagnóstico de baixa visão (VBB) que apresentam atraso no desenvolvimento psicomotor é um desafio para os profissionais de reabilitação física por se tratar de uma doença incapacitante do ponto de vista motor. Objetivo: desenvolver metodologia para orientação familiar na estimulação psicomotora de bebês com diagnóstico de baixa visão. Materiais e métodos: para a construção do quadro teórico foram utilizados métodos teóricos como análise e síntese, funcionais estruturais sistémicos, que permitiram determinar os elementos essenciais a incluir no desenvolvimento da metodologia e determinar os seus componentes. Na ordem empírica, o levantamento, a entrevista, a análise documental, o estudo de caso e o cálculo percentual permitiram avaliar a relevância da metodologia. Resultado: o resultado fundamental deste estudo é a metodologia de orientação familiar na estimulação psicomotora de bebês com baixa visão. Conclusão: a implementação da metodologia permite que a família esteja preparada para influenciar efetivamente as habilidades psicomotoras de seus filhos com diagnóstico de baixa visão.

ABSTRACT Introduction: incorporating and socially improving the standard of living of infants with low vision diagnosis (LVD) who present psychomotor development delay, is a challenge for physical rehabilitation professionals, since this is a disabling disease from a motor point of view. Objective: to develop a methodology for family orientation in the psychomotor stimulation of infants with low vision diagnosis. Materials and methods: theoretical methods such as analysis and synthesis, systemic structural functional methods were used for the construction of the theoretical framework, which made it possible to determine the essential elements to include in the elaboration of the methodology and determine its components. In the empirical order, the survey, the interview, the documentary analysis, the case study and the percentage calculation made it possible to evaluate the relevance of the methodology. Result: the fundamental result of this study is the methodology for the orientation to the family in the psychomotor stimulation of infants with low vision. Conclusion: the implementation of the methodology allows the family to be prepared to effectively influence the psychomotor skills of their children with low vision diagnosis.

RESUMEN Introducción: incorporar y mejorar socialmente el nivel de vida del lactante con diagnóstico de baja visión (DBV) que presentan retardo del desarrollo psicomotor, es un reto para los profesionales de la rehabilitación física por ser esta una enfermedad discapacitante desde el punto de vista motor. Objetivo: elaborar una metodología para la orientación a la familia en la estimulación psicomotriz de los lactantes con diagnóstico de baja visión. Materiales y métodos: se emplearon métodos teóricos como el análisis y la síntesis, el sistémico estructural funcional para la construcción del marco teórico, lo que posibilitó determinar los elementos esenciales a incluir en la elaboración de la metodología y determinar los componentes de esta. En el orden empírico, la encuesta, la entrevista, el análisis documental, el estudio de caso y el cálculo porcentual permitieron evaluar la pertinencia de la metodología. Resultado: el resultado fundamental de este estudio es la metodología para la orientación a la familia en la estimulación psicomotriz de los lactantes con baja visión. Conclusión: la implementación de la metodología permite preparar a la familia para incidir con efectividad en la psicomotricidad de sus hijos con diagnóstico de baja visión.

BACKGROUND: There was a need to investigate the appropriateness of the standard manual wheelchairfor occupational performance in Thulamela Municipality Vhembe District, Limpopo. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional descriptive design using simple random sampling was used to select n=60 wheelchair users who were issued with standard manual wheelchairs between 2014 and 2018. The Wheelchair Outcome Measure was used to investigate the participants' level of satisfaction in engagement in ADL and IADL and the suitability of the wheelchair in terms of the user's comfort and satisfaction with positioning and prevention of skin breakdown. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The wheelchair users viewed activity participation in the home as important and were generally satisfied with their standard manual wheelchairs while performing occupational activities at home and outside the home. A total of (n=46; 78%) of the participants felt comfortable in their wheelchair. CONCLUSIONS: Wheelchair prescription should take into consideration the occupational choices of the user. Further qualitative studies to explore the factors that determined the participants' choices for their activity participation goals should be undertaken. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE • Training of new occupational therapy staff in each facility in the Thulamela district to equip them with the skills to prescribe wheelchairs is necessary. • The level of importance that wheelchair participants attached to level of importance of activity participation inside and outside the home was high therefore there is a need to consider the client's occupational choices when prescribing wheelchairs. • The wheelchair needs to facilitate participation in a wide range of occupational choices ranging from self-care activities and watching TV in the home to visiting friends and family and attending events outside the home.

Abstract Background: “Rendez-vous” (RV) technique is a mixed-technique which uses both laparoscopic and endoscopic skills; however, the evidence is contradictory regarding the implementation of this technique or the 2-step sequential technique (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [ERCP] followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy [LC]) in the management of cholecysto-choledocholitiasis. Objective: To estimate the association between the implementation of RV technique and the presence of post-surgical complications as primary outcome, using as comparator the 2-step sequential technique. Method: An observational, analytical, retrospective study was conducted, using as exposed cohort the medical records from patients with a diagnosis of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, or mild biliary pancreatitis. The exposed cohort underwent RV technique, while the unexposed cohort were those which underwent two step technique. Results: There was a lower post-surgical complication rate in the RV group (0%) compared with the 10.1% (p = 0.3617) in the control group. Also, RV technique showed a lesser hospitalization time (p = 0.0377) and a lesser post-surgical hospitalization time (p < 0.0001) Conclusions: RV technique is superior when compared with the 2-step sequential technique (ERCP followed by LC), based on a better surgical success rate, a fewer complications rate and less hospitalization time.

Resumen Antecedentes: La técnica de «Rendez-vous» (RV) es una técnica mixta en la que se combinan las habilidades endoscópicas y laparoscópicas. La evidencia es contradictoria respecto al uso de RV frente a la técnica secuencial en dos tiempos (colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica [CPRE] seguida de colecistectomía laparoscópica [CL]) para el manejo de la colecisto-coledocolitiasis. Objetivo: Estimar la asociación entre el uso de la técnica RV y la presencia de complicaciones posquirúrgicas como desenlace primario, en comparación con la técnica secuencial. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico retrospectivo que tomó como cohorte expuesta las historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de colelitiasis, colecistitis o pancreatitis leve de origen biliar sometidos a la técnica RV, y se compararon con registros en los que se realizó la técnica de dos tiempos. Resultados: La tasa de complicaciones posquirúrgicas en el grupo de RV fue del 0%, frente al 10.1% (p = 0.3617) en el grupo control. Además, la RV presentó menor tiempo de hospitalización global (p = 0.0377) y posquirúrgica (p < 0.0001). Conclusiones: La técnica RV es superior a la técnica secuencial de CPRE seguida de CL, por su mayor tasa de éxito, menor tasa de complicaciones y menor tiempo hospitalario.

Resumen Introducción: La monitorización de la temperatura, el mantenimiento de la normotermia, la prevención y el tratamiento de la hipotermia perioperatoria se consideran actualmente un estándar de atención. Es necesaria la existencia de protocolos que apunten a la monitorización, evaluación, prevención y control de la hipotermia en la fase intraoperatoria. Esta asociación evita complicaciones, garantiza la seguridad y el confort del paciente quirúrgico, lo que conduce a la calidad de todo el proceso quirúrgico. Objetivo: Mapeo de las intervenciones de enfermería para el mantenimiento de la normotermia en el perioperatorio. Métodos: Scoping Review basada en los principios del Joanna Briggs Institute. Se realizó una búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos: SCOPUS, Web of Science, EBSCOhost Web de la Escuela Superior de Enfermería de Oporto, CINAHL Complete, MedcLatina, MEDLINE Complete. Para la búsqueda de literatura gris se utilizó el Repositorio Científico de Acceso Abierto de Portugal (RCAAP). Se incluyeron estudios publicados con acceso libre online, en texto completo, en portugués, español o inglés, entre 2013 y 2023. Resultados: Para conseguir la normotermia perioperatoria, los enfermeros deben adoptar métodos de calentamiento del paciente. Los estudios apuntan a la utilización de mantas térmicas, cobertores calefactados y aire forzado, y monitorizar la temperatura del paciente de forma regular y estructurada. Conclusión: La mantenimiento de la normotermia perioperatoria puede conseguirse mediante la adopción del calentamiento del paciente y es esencial para garantizar la seguridade, mejorar el resultado del procedimiento quirúrgico, garantizar el confort y la satisfacción del paciente con la experiencia quirúrgica.

Resumo Introdução: A monitorização da temperatura, manutenção da normotermia, prevenção e tratamento da hipotermia perioperatória são considerados, atualmente, standard of care. É necessária a existência de protocolos que visem a monitorização, avaliação, prevenção e controlo da hipotermia na fase intraoperatória. Esta associação, evita complicações, garante a segurança e conforto do doente cirúrgico, levando à qualidade de todo o processo cirúrgico. Objetivo: Mapear as intervenções de enfermagem para a manutenção da normotermia no perioperatório. Métodos: Scoping Review com base nos princípios preconizados pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Realizada pesquisa nas bases: SCOPUS, Web of Science e EBSCOhost Web da Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto e as bases de dados consultadas foram a CINAHL Complete, MedcLatina e a MEDLINE Complete. Para pesquisa de literatura cinzenta foi utilizado o Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal - RCAAP. Foram incluídos estudos publicados com livre acesso online, em texto integral, em português, espanhol ou inglês, com limite temporal entre 2013 a 2023. Resultados: Para conseguir a normotermia perioperatória, os enfermeiros devem adotar métodos de aquecimento do doente. Os estudos apontam para a utilização de mantas térmicas, cobertores aquecidos e ar forçado, e monitorizar a temperatura do doente de forma regular e estruturada. Conclusão: A manutenção da normotermia perioperatória pode ser conseguida através da adoção do aquecimento do doente e é essencial para garantir a segurança, melhorar o resultado do procedimento cirúrgico, garantir o conforto e a satisfação do doente com a experiência cirúrgica.

Abstract Introduction: Monitoring temperature, maintaining normothermia, preventing and treating perioperative hypothermia are currently considered standard of care. The existence of protocols aimed at monitoring, evaluating, preventing, and controlling hypothermia in the intraoperative phase is necessary. This association avoids complications, guarantees the safety and comfort of the surgical patient, leading to the quality of the entire surgical process. Objetive: Map nursing interventions to maintain normothermia in the perioperative period. Methods: Scoping Review based on the principles recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Research was carried out in the following databases: SCOPUS, Web of Science and EBSCOhost Web of the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto and the databases consulted were CINAHL Complete, MedcLatina and MEDLINE Complete. To search for gray literature, the Portuguese Open Access Scientific Repository - RCAAP was used. Studies published with free online access, in full text, in Portuguese, Spanish or English, with a time limit between 2013 and 2023, were included. Results: To achieve perioperative normothermia, nurses must adopt patient warming methods. Studies point to the use of thermal blankets, heated blankets and forced air, and monitoring the patient's temperature in a regular and structured way. Conclusion: Maintaining perioperative normothermia can be achieved through the adoption of patient warming and is essential to ensure safety, improve the outcome of the surgical procedure, and ensure patient comfort and satisfaction with the surgical experience.

Abstract This study evaluated the impact of a cognitive stimulation program on older adults diagnosed with dementia. The sample comprised 22 participants aged 73-95, randomly assigned to an experimental group (N = 12) and a control group (N = 10). While no statistically significant decreases were observed in the studied dimensions, clinically relevant gains were noted: 41.70% in cognition, 41.60% in quality of life, and 8.3% in functional skills. Although no therapeutic interventions have successfully reversed dementia, healthcare providers reported improvements in participants’ social interactions, behaviors, and engagement in daily institutional routines. These observations suggest tangible benefits from program participation. It’s important to note that staff working closely with these patients daily observed these improvements despite the lack of statistically significant results. This discrepancy highlights the potential limitations of relying solely on quantitative measures to assess such interventions’ effectiveness. In conclusion, the cognitive stimulation program shows promise as a potential tool for slowing dementia-associated degenerative processes, particularly in areas that standard quantitative assessments may not fully capture. Further research with larger sample sizes and more sensitive measures may be warranted to fully understand the program’s impact.

Resumo O presente estudo visou avaliar o impacto de um programa de estimulação cognitiva em idosos diagnosticados com demência. A amostra foi composta por 22 participantes com idades entre os 73 e os 95 anos, divididos aleatoriamente num grupo experimental (N = 12) e num grupo de controlo (N = 10). Embora não se tenham observado diminuições estatisticamente significativas nas dimensões estudadas, registaram-se ganhos clinicamente relevantes: 41.70% na cognição, 41.60% na qualidade de vida e 8.3% nas competências funcionais. Apesar de não existirem intervenções terapêuticas que tenham revertido com sucesso a demência, os profissionais de saúde relataram melhorias nas interações sociais dos participantes, nos seus comportamentos e no envolvimento nas rotinas institucionais diárias. Estas observações sugerem benefícios tangíveis da participação no programa. É importante notar que os funcionários que trabalham diariamente com estes pacientes observaram estas melhorias, apesar da ausência de resultados estatisticamente significativos. Esta discrepância realça as potenciais limitações de se depender exclusivamente de medidas quantitativas na avaliação da eficácia de tais intervenções. Em conclusão, o programa de estimulação cognitiva mostra-se promissor como uma ferramenta potencial para retardar os processos degenerativos associados à demência, particularmente em áreas que podem não ser totalmente captadas por avaliações quantitativas padrão. Investigações adicionais com amostras maiores e medidas mais sensíveis poderão ser justificadas para compreender plenamente o impacto do programa.

Resumo Introdução/objetivo: esta pesquisa objetiva analisar as competências em tecnologias da informação e da comunicação (TIC) exigidas pelo mercado aos contadores no Brasil. Metodologia: estabeleceu-se como procedimento metodológico a análise de conteúdo, a qual envolveu a verificação de 300 ofertas de vagas para contador promovidas por empresas de todas as regiões do Brasil. Resultados: os resultados indicam que, além de competências técnicas básicas, tais como conhecimento em sistemas de gestão empresarial (ERP, em inglês) e pacotes Microsoft, são exigidos conhecimentos relacionados ao uso das TIC para aperfeiçoar a eficiência e a eficácia da comunicação, à análise de banco de dados, ao suporte das TIC nas tomadas de decisões, à gestão de riscos e à otimização de sistemas organizacionais. A ênfase dos achados acerca da comunicação ressalta o contador como elo entre a equipe contábil e as outras áreas da empresa. Os resultados também evidenciam que há diferenças significativas das competências técnicas das TIC entre os níveis hierárquicos. Conclusões: promover a discussão da atualização e do aprimoramento das competências em TIC na formação dos profissionais da contabilidade no Brasil é considerado como principal contributo do estudo. Além disso, constata-se a necessidade de os profissionais de contabilidade investirem na aquisição e no desenvolvimento dessas competências técnicas a fim de atingir posições hierárquicas estratégicas e destacáveis nas organizações.

Resumen Introducción/Objetivo: esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las competencias en Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) exigidas por el mercado para los contadores en Brasil. Metodología: el procedimiento metodológico adoptado fue el análisis de contenido, que involucró la verificación de 300 ofertas de empleo para contadores, promovidas por empresas de todas las regiones de Brasil. Resultados: los resultados indican que, además de las competencias técnicas básicas como el conocimiento en sistemas de planificación de recursos empresariales (ERP, por sus siglas en inglés) y paquetes Microsoft, se requieren conocimientos relacionados con el uso de las TIC para mejorar la eficiencia y eficacia de la comunicación, el de bases de datos, el apoyo de las TIC en la toma de decisiones, la gestión de riesgos y la optimización de sistemas organizacionales. La relevancia de los hallazgos sobre la comunicación destaca al contador como el vínculo entre el equipo contable y otras áreas de la empresa. También se evidencian diferencias significativas en las competencias técnicas en TIC entre los diferentes niveles jerárquicos. Conclusiones: como principales contribuciones del estudio, se destaca la necesidad de promover la discusión sobre la actualización y el perfeccionamiento de las competencias en TIC en la formación de los profesionales de la contabilidad en Brasil. Además, se señala la importancia de que los profesionales de la contabilidad inviertan en la adquisición y desarrollo de estas competencias técnicas, con miras a alcanzar posiciones jerárquicas estratégicas y destacadas en las organizaciones.

Abstract Introduction/objective: This research aims to analyze the skills in information and communication technologies (ICT) required by the market for accountants in Brazil. Methodology: Content analysis was established as a methodological procedure, which involved checking 300 vacancies for accountants promoted by companies from all regions of Brazil. Results: The results indicate that, in addition to basic technical skills, such as knowledge of enterprise resource planning (ERP) and Microsoft packages, knowledge related to the use of ICT is required to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of communication, database analysis, the support of ICT in decision making, risk management and the optimization of organizational systems. The emphasis of the findings on communication highlights the accountant as a link between the accounting team and other areas of the company. The results also show that there are significant differences in ICT technical skills between hierarchical levels. Conclusions: Promoting the discussion of updating and improving ICT skills in the training of accounting professionals in Brazil is considered the main contribution of the study. Furthermore, there is a need for accounting professionals to invest in the acquisition and development of these technical skills in order to reach strategic and notable hierarchical positions in organizations.

Introdução: O ensino em cirurgia deve acompanhar a evolução das técnicas, procedimentos e tecnologia. Desde a década de 90 a videocirurgia vem se desenvolvendo e hoje é a primeira escolha para muitos procedimentos em cirugia geral. Com características diferentes da cirurgia convencional, os residentes treinaram em simuladores para adaptação. A literatura médica mundial já apresenta programas consagrados para treinamento entre eles os Fundamentos da Cirurgia Laparoscópica (FLS). A avaliação das habilidades técnicas cirúrgicas é uma ferramenta importante em programas de residência médica. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do treinamento através de aquisição de habilidades dos médicos residentes em cirurgia geral antes e após treinamento teórico-prático em videocirurgia utilizando um simulador de baixa fidelidade baseado em exercícios do FLS. Método: Estudar de modo prospectivo a aquisição de habilidades de médicos residentes em cirurgia geral de primeiro e segundo ano (R1 e R2), antes e após realização de treinamento teórico-prático pré-definido. Conclusão: Houve melhora significativa com o treinamento atingindo níveis de conhecimento e aprimoramento semelhantes aos trabalhos da literatura mundial. A melhoria no desempenho dos residentes foi evidente em ambos os grupos da amostra. Aqueles do primeiro ano atingiram a concentração de conhecimento após o treinamento semelhante ao desempenho dos residentes de segundo ano na avaliação inicial, destacando que o treinamento sequenciado realizado equivale a um ano de prática no programa de residência geral de cirurgia

Introduction: Teaching in surgery must follow the evolution of medical techniques, procedures and technology. Since the 90s videosurgery has been developing and nowadays is the gold standard for many procedures in general surgery. As there are different characteristics from conventional surgery, residents need to practice in order to adapt to simulators. The world medical literature has established many training programs among them the Fundaments of laparoscopic Surgery (FLS). Evaluation of surgical technical abilities is a major tool for the residency programs. Objectives: To assess the effect of training acquiring skills of residents at first and second postgraduated level year (PGY1 and PGY2) before and after practice using low fidelity simulator based on tasks from FLS. Methods: A prospective study was conducted to determinate skills acquisition of residents at first and second postgraduated level year l (PGY1 and PGY2) before and after standardized practice using low fidelity simulator. Conclusions: There was a significant improve of the technical abilities reaching levels of improvement. Resident’s performance was evident in the sample groups. First year residents (PGY1) achieved knowledge retention after training similar to the performance of second in the initial assessment, suggesting that the sequenced training carried out is equivalent to one year of practice in the general surgery residency program

INTRODUCTION: The Work Ability Screening Profile (WASP) was conceptualised and developed by occupational therapists at the University of Durban Westville to provide a basic vocational screening assessment. Its purpose was to screen competence in generic work skills which reflected performance in activities essential to workplace participation relevant to the South African context. The assessment was revised in 2005 and renamed the WASP II. It was decided this screening assessment tool would be continuously reviewed using action research with clinicians involved in the ongoing evaluation so ensure validity and reliability for the population with which it is used. This study considered the clinical evaluation, useability and utility of the WASP II in order to inform further revision. METHOD: A cross sectional survey was used to gather data from 70 occupational therapy clinicians familiar with or using the WASP II in clinical practice. RESULTS: A sample of 70 respondents indicated the WASP II was suitable to assess current work ability and production speed with a variety of clients with physical and mental health dysfunction. Ten of the 12 subtests were used by at least 40% of the time by the 28 respondents who used the WASP II frequently. These respondents reported good to adequate useability in terms of cost, sensitivity to clients' educational level and ease of understanding instructions, incorporation into clinical practice contexts while supporting clinical reasoning and judgement. The accommodation of clients' language and provision of standard scores were indicated as inadequate. Utility was considered adequate for all aspects including discrimination of moderate to severe dysfunction, informing the choice of other assessmentsas well as supporting vocational rehabilitation intervention. The WASP II outcomes were also understood by other service providers, employers, referring parties as well asclients. CONCLUSION: While the WASP II was considered appropriate for use in the South African context and has adequate useability and utility, some subtests need to be updated and revised in terms of the standard times and content validity for current practice in the work environment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The WASP II has useability • aligned with generic work skills of acquiring information or following directions numeracy, conveying information and written communication • for with those with work experience and with scholars and students yet to enter the workplace The WASP II has utility in relation to • cost and clients' educational levels • detailed instructions on the task layout but some standardisation needs to be interpreted with care • sensitivity to all aspects of assessment of generic work skills, except discrimination of mild dysfunction

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Lumbar disorders, which contribute to significant workplace absenteeism and chronic disability, are associated with a considerable financial and social burden. Although a conservative approach provides satisfactory pain relief, biomechanical improvement and is associated with a low risk of adverse effects, there is lack of consensus in the literature regarding the best therapeutic strategy in such cases. METHODS: This retrospective longitudinal study used secondary data from the institutional medical records of patients who completed a multidisciplinary program for the treatment of low back pain between 2019 and 2021. Data regarding pain levels and motor skills were obtained from patients who completed the care program at a private hospital in Bento Gonçalves, RS. The following step-wise treatment algorithm was used: evaluation by a specialist physician for the etiological diagnosis of pain, pharmacological management and dry needling, followed by standard rehabilitation intervention performed by the physiotherapy team and exercises by the physical education team. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure pain at the start and at the completion of the intervention, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to measure motor skills at the start and at 6 and 12 months following the multiprofessional intervention for rehabilitation. RESULTS: A reduction in pain and motor disability in patients who completed all stages of the treatment program was observed. Pain by the VAS presented the following scores: baseline 7 [5-8] and after treatment 2 [0-4]; and the scores of the ODI were: at baseline 0.34 [0.26 - 0.40], at 6 months 0.16 [0.08 - 0.26] and after treatment 0.12 [0.04 - 0.21]. CONCLUSION: The treatment program reduced the pain and disability associated with low back pain and can serve as the basis for further studies carried out to confirm the effectiveness of this intervention. OBJECTIVES disorders burden relief effects cases METHODS 201 2021 Gonçalves RS stepwise step wise needling (VAS (ODI 1 RESULTS observed 58 5 8 [5-8 04 0 4 [0-4] 034 34 0.3 0.26 026 26 [0.2 0.40, 040 0.40 , 40 0.40] 016 16 0.1 0.08 008 08 [0.0 012 0.04 004 0.21. 021 0.21 . 21 0.21] CONCLUSION 20 202 [5- [0-4 03 3 0. 0.2 02 [0. 0.4 01 0.0 00 [5 [0- [0 [

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As doenças lombares, que contribuem para um absenteísmo significativo no local de trabalho e para a incapacidade crônica, estão associadas a um encargo financeiro e social considerável. Embora a abordagem conservadora proporcione alívio satisfatório da dor, melhore a biomecânica e esteja associada a baixo risco de efeitos adversos, não há consenso na literatura sobre a melhor estratégia terapêutica nesses casos. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo longitudinal retrospectivo, foram utilizados dados secundários dos prontuários médicos institucionais de pacientes que completaram um programa multidisciplinar para tratamento de dor lombar entre 2019 e 2021. Dados sobre níveis de dor e habilidades motoras foram obtidos de pacientes que completaram o programa assistencial de um hospital privado de Bento Gonçalves, RS. Foi utilizado o seguinte tratamento passo a passo: avaliação por médico especialista para diagnóstico etiológico da dor, manejo farmacológico e agulhamento a seco, seguido de intervenção de reabilitação padrão realizada pela equipe de fisioterapia e exercícios pela equipe de educação física. A escala analógica visual (EAV) foi utilizada para medir a dor no início e após a conclusão da intervenção, e o Índice de Incapacidade de Oswestry (ODI) foi usado para medir as habilidades motoras no início e aos 6 e 12 meses após a intervenção multiprofissional para reabilitação. RESULTADOS: Observou-se redução na dor e na incapacidade motora em pacientes que completaram todas as etapas do programa de tratamento. A intensidade da dor medida pela EAV apresentou as seguintes pontuações: basal 7 [5-8] e após tratamento 2 [0-4]; enquanto o ODI apresentou as pontuações: basal 0,34 [0,26 – 0,40], até 6 meses 0,16 [0,08 – 0,26] e após o tratamento 0,12 [0,04 – 0,21]. CONCLUSÃO: O programa de tratamento reduziu a dor e a incapacidade associadas à dor lombar e pode servir de base para novos estudos realizados para confirmar a eficácia desta intervenção. OBJETIVOS lombares crônica considerável adversos casos MÉTODOS retrospectivo 201 2021 Gonçalves RS seco física (EAV (ODI 1 RESULTADOS Observouse Observou se pontuações 58 5 8 [5-8 04 0 4 [0-4] 034 34 0,3 0,26 026 26 [0,2 0,40, 040 0,40 , 40 0,40] 016 16 0,1 0,08 008 08 [0,0 012 0,04 004 0,21. 021 0,21 . 21 0,21] CONCLUSÃO 20 202 [5- [0-4 03 3 0, 0,2 02 [0, 0,4 01 0,0 00 [5 [0- [0 [

RESUMO Objetivo analisar a produção científica sobre programas educativos à distância para pais/responsáveis no desenvolvimento de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Estratégia de pesquisa utilizou-se a estratégia PICO para identificar o problema de pesquisa. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Medline, ERIC, LILACs, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science e Scopus utilizando descritores e termos livres específicos. não houve restrição de tempo ou idioma. Foram selecionados artigos sobre programas educativos online destinados a pais de crianças com TEA, com foco no impacto desses programas no desenvolvimento de crianças de até seis anos. Critérios de seleção os estudos foram selecionados com base em critérios de elegibilidade padrões, incluindo a leitura completa dos artigos após a triagem inicial realizada com o software RAYYAN. Foram incluídos estudos primários, como ensaios clínicos e revisões sistemáticas que avaliaram programas educativos à distância para pais de crianças com TEA. Análise dos dados utilizou-se o software RAYYAN para a seleção inicial dos estudos. Os artigos foram organizados hierarquicamente com base no título e resumo, seguido pela leitura integral para aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade. Resultados a busca inicial resultou em 1019 artigos, dos quais 192 foram identificados como duplicados. Após a seleção inicial e a leitura completa, 37 artigos foram analisados, dos quais seis foram considerados elegíveis para responder à pergunta de pesquisa. Entre os estudos elegíveis, um era uma revisão sistemática e cinco eram estudos experimentais. Os estudos experimentais destacaram impactos positivos em áreas como rotinas diárias, flexibilidade comportamental e comunicação. A revisão sistemática indicou evidências preliminares de que os programas educativos à distância para pais podem melhorar o conhecimento sobre TEA, aumentar a adesão às intervenções e promover o desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais e de comunicação nas crianças. Conclusão os resultados sugerem que programas remotos de orientação para pais podem ser eficazes para melhorar o conhecimento sobre TEA, aumentar a adesão dos pais às intervenções e promover o desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais e de comunicação em crianças com TEA. paisresponsáveis responsáveis TEA . (TEA) utilizouse utilizou se Medline ERIC LILACs EMBASE CINAHL específicos idioma anos padrões primários resumo 101 19 duplicados 3 analisados diárias (TEA 10 1

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the scientific literature on distance education programs for parents/caregivers in the development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Research Method the PICO strategy was used to identify the research problem. The databases Medline, ERIC, LILACs, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched using specific descriptors and free terms. There were no restrictions on time or language. Articles on online educational programs for parents of children with ASD were selected, focusing on the impact of these programs on the development of children up to six years old. Selection Criteria studies were selected based on standard eligibility criteria, including full-text reading after initial screening using the RAYYAN software. Primary studies such as clinical trials and systematic reviews evaluating distance education programs for parents of children with ASD were included. Data Analysis the RAYYAN software was used for initial study selection. Articles were hierarchically organized based on title and abstract, followed by full-text reading to apply eligibility criteria. Results the initial search yielded 1019 articles, of which 192 were identified as duplicates. After initial screening and full-text reading, 37 articles were analyzed, of which six were deemed eligible to answer the research question. Among the eligible studies, one was a systematic review and five were experimental studies. Experimental studies highlighted positive impacts on areas such as daily routines, behavioral flexibility, and communication. The systematic review provided preliminary evidence that distance education programs for parents can enhance knowledge about ASD, increase adherence to interventions, and foster the development of social and communication skills in children. Conclusion the findings suggest that remote parent guidance programs may effectively improve knowledge about ASD, increase parent adherence to interventions, and promote the development of social and communication skills in children with ASD. parentscaregivers caregivers . (ASD) problem Medline ERIC LILACs EMBASE CINAHL Science terms language old criteria fulltext full text included selection abstract 101 19 duplicates 3 analyzed question routines flexibility interventions (ASD 10 1

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the impact of simulators on the training of urology residents in retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Methods: The study involved training eight urology residents, using two artificial simulators; one developed by the Universidade Estadual do Pará, using three-dimensional printing technology, and the other one patented by the medical equipment manufacturer Boston Scientific The qualification of residents took place through a training course, consisting of an adaptation phase (S0), followed by three training sessions, with weekly breaks between them (S1, S2 and S3). Study members should carry out a RIRS in a standardized way, with step-by-step supervision by the evaluator using a checklist. The participants’ individual performance was verified through a theoretical assessment, before and after training (pre- and post-training), as well as by the score achieved in each session on a scale called global psychomotor skill score. In S3, residents performed an analysis of the performance and quality of the simulation, by completing the scale of student satisfaction and self confidence in learning (SSSCL). Results: At the end of the course, everyone was able to perform the procedure in accordance with the standard. The training provided a learning gain and a considerable improvement in skills and competencies in RIRS, with p < 0.05. SSSCL demonstrated positive feedback, with an overall approval rating of 96%. Conclusions: Artificial simulators proved to be excellent auxiliary tools in the training of urology residents in RIRS. Purpose . (RIRS) Methods Pará threedimensional dimensional technology course S0, S0 S , (S0) sessions S1, S1 (S1 S3. S3 S3) way stepbystep step checklist participants assessment pre (pre posttraining, posttraining post post-training) simulation SSSCL. (SSSCL) Results standard 005 0 05 0.05 feedback 96 96% Conclusions (RIRS (S0 (S post-training (SSSCL 00 0.0 9 0.

Resumo Antecedentes O complexo da esclerose tuberosa (CET) é uma doença genética autossômica dominante com ampla expressividade clínica, cognitiva e comportamental. Objetivo Avaliar o perfil neuropsicológico de indivíduos com diagnóstico clínico de CET e os fatores que poderiam impactar significativamente o seu desenvolvimento cognitivo. Métodos Ao todo, 62 indivíduos com idades entre 3 e 38 anos foram acompanhados em um hospital terciário do Sul do Brasil e avaliados por meio de uma bateria padrão e das Escalas de Comportamento Adaptativo Vineland, quando observada deficiência intelectual. Resultados Encontrou-se histórico de epilepsia em 56 participantes (90,3%) e de deficiência intelectual em 31 (50%). Quanto à outra metade dos indivíduos com CET sem deficiência intelectual, 8 (12,9%) apresentaram classificação limítrofe, 20 (32,2%) apresentaram pontuações médias e 3 (4,8%) estavam acima da média. No total, 17 participantes (27,4%) preenchiam os critérios diagnósticos para o transtorno do espectro autista. Os resultados da análise de regressão linear múltipla sugeriram que as crises epilépticas, a idade ao diagnóstico, a percepção visual e a atenção geral impactam significativamente os índices de desempenho cognitivo. Conclusão Este estudo sugere que a ocorrência de crises epilépticas e a maior idade ao diagnóstico contribuem para um maior comprometimento nos domínios do desenvolvimento cognitivo, e destaca-se a importância do diagnóstico precoce e da prevenção das crises epilépticas ou do seu rápido controle. O desenvolvimento de habilidades de atenção, percepção visual e funções executivas deve ser acompanhado. (CET clínica comportamental cognitivo todo 6 Vineland Encontrouse Encontrou se 5 90,3% 903 90 (90,3% 50%. 50 50% . (50%) 12,9% 129 12 9 (12,9% limítrofe 2 32,2% 322 32 (32,2% 4,8% 48 4 (4,8% média total 1 27,4% 274 27 (27,4% autista destacase destaca controle acompanhado 90,3 (90,3 (50% 12,9 (12,9 32,2 (32,2 4,8 (4,8 27,4 (27,4 90, (90, (50 12, (12, 32, (32, 4, (4, 27, (27, (90 (5 (12 (32 (4 (27 (9 ( (1 (3 (2

Abstract Background Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a wide clinical, cognitive, and behavioral expressivity. Objective To assess the neuropsychological profile of individuals clinically diagnosed with TSC and the factors that could significantly impact their cognitive development. Methods A total of 62 individuals with ages ranging from 3 to 38 years were followed up in a tertiary attention hospital in Southern Brazil, and they were assessed using a standard battery and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, when intellectual disability was observed. Results History of epilepsy was found in 56 participants (90.3%), and 31 (50%) presented an intellectual disability. Among the other half of TSC individuals without intellectual disability, 8 (12.9%) presented borderline classification, 20 (32.2%) presented average scores, and 3 (4.8%) were above average. In total, 17 participants (27.4%) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis suggested that seizures, age at diagnosis, visual perception, and general attention significantly impact cognitive performance indexes. Conclusion The present study suggests that the occurrence of epileptic seizures and older age at diagnosis contribute to higher impairment in the domains of cognitive development, underlining the importance of early diagnosis and the prevention of epileptic seizures or their rapid control. The development of attentional skills, visual perception, and executive functions must be followed up. (TSC clinical expressivity 6 Brazil Scales observed 5 90.3%, 903 90.3% , 90 (90.3%) 50% 50 (50% 12.9% 129 12 9 (12.9% classification 2 32.2% 322 32 (32.2% scores 4.8% 48 4 (4.8% 1 27.4% 274 27 (27.4% perception indexes control skills 90.3 (90.3% (50 12.9 (12.9 32.2 (32.2 4.8 (4.8 27.4 (27.4 90. (90.3 (5 12. (12. 32. (32. 4. (4. 27. (27. (90. ( (12 (32 (4 (27 (90 (1 (3 (2 (9

Tot op hede is baie min navorsing gedoen oor die konsep van korporatiewe sosiale verantwoordelikheid (KSV), veral die praktyk van KSV binne die globale en plaaslike konstruksiebedryf. Dit strek tot studies wat KSV-implementeringsuitdagings identifiseer wat konstruksie-organisasies raak. Hierdie werk poog om die KSV-implementeringsuitdagings wat klein en medium ondernemings (KMO)-eienaars/ bestuurders in die Suid-Afrikaanse konstruksie bedryf raak, te ondersoek, en om te analiseer of KMO's soortgelyk of anders geraak word, wat as 'n riglyn dien vir verdere navorsing rakende versagtende maatreëls teenoor die KSV-implementeringsuitdagings wat deur KMO-eienaars/bestuurders ervaar word. Bestaande literatuur is gebruik om 'n oorsig te verskaf van die huidige KSV-implementeringsuitdagings van beide die globale konstruksiebedryf sowel as generiese sakesektore gelei deur die St. Gallen Bestuursmodel. 'n Gemengde navorsingsbenadering is gevolg deur gebruik te maak van 'n aanlyn vraelysopname en gestruktureerde persoonlike onderhoude, met die data wat ontleed is deur beide beskrywende (gemiddelde, standaardafwyking, rangorde en temas) en inferensiële (Analise van Variansie ANOVA) statistieke te gebruik. Die bevindinge toon dat KMO's in die Suid-Afrikaanse konstruksiebedryf geraak word deur KSV-implementeringsuitdagings wat verband hou met 'n gebrek aan integrasie in die KMO-kultuur en besigheidsdoelwitte; beperkte finansiële hulpbronne om KSV-inisiatiewe te onderneem; gebrek aan KMO-vaardighede en -kennis, en onstabiele ekonomiese toestande. Alhoewel KMO's verskillend gekategoriseer word in terme van hul Konstruksie-industrie Ontwikkelingsraad gradering en hul boonste limiet van tenderwaarde-reeks, ervaar die twee groepe kontrakteurs soortgelyke KSV-implementeringsuitdagings oor vier bestuursvlakke, soos gelei deur die St. Gallen-bestuursmodel.

To date, there is a paucity of research on the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR), particularly the practice of CSR within the global and local construction industry. This extends to studies identifying CSR implementation challenges affecting construction organisations. This article investigates the CSR implementation challenges affecting SME owner-managers in the South African construction industry and analyses whether small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are affected similarly or differently. This article serves as a guideline for further research regarding mitigating measures towards the CSR implementation challenges experienced by SME owner-managers in the South African construction industry. Existing literature is reviewed to provide an overview of the current CSR implementation challenges from both the global construction industry and generic business sectors guided by the St. Gallen Management Model. The study conducts a mixed method research approach, using an online questionnaire survey and structured face-to-face interviews, with the data analysed using both descriptive (mean, standard deviation, rank, and themes) and inferential (Analysis of Variance ANOVA) statistics. Findings reveal that SMEs in the South African construction industry are affected by CSR implementation challenges related to a lack of integration in the SME culture and business objectives; limited financial resources to undertake CSR initiatives; lack of CSR skills and knowledge, and unstable economic conditions. In addition, although SMEs are categorised differently in terms of their Construction Industry Development Board (cidb) grade and their upper limit of tender value range, the two groups of contractors' experience similar CSR implementation challenges across four management levels as guided by the St. Gallen Management Model. This finding will guide future research regarding mitigating factors to address CSR implementation challenges experienced by SME owner-managers in the South African construction industry.

BACKGROUND: Adolescent pregnancy carries significant global ramifications. Community health workers (CHWs) play a role in empowering adolescents through counselling skills, thereby promoting informed decision-making for better outcomes. AIM: The study aims to evaluate the counselling skills of CHWs in their efforts to support pregnant adolescents (PA) in Limpopo province. SETTING: The research was carried out with CHWs in the Mopani and Vhembe districts of the Limpopo province. METHODS: A quantitative descriptive approach was used to evaluate CHWs' counselling skills for PAs in Limpopo. A sample of 81 respondents was selected using simple random sampling. Ethical approval was obtained. Data were collected using a questionnaire guided by the Theory of Reasoned Action. Descriptive statistics were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists version 24. The questionnaire's validity was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, resulting in a correlation coefficient of 0.710. RESULTS: The study identified significant variations in counselling recommendations. : Using private space with fewer distractions showed considerable variability (standard deviation = 0.218). : High variability was observed in using the SOLER method (standard deviation = 0.316). : Suggesting rather than advising had notable variability (standard deviation = 0.396). : Avoiding abrupt endings and informing clients about the session's conclusion demonstrated variability (standard deviation = 0.283). Additionally, the majority (64%) of the participants found record-keeping unnecessary, which demonstrated the highest variability (standard deviation = 0.482). CONCLUSION: The study revealed CHWs' proficiency in counselling techniques and emphasised the importance of following the counselling stages. CONTRIBUTION: The research highlights the importance of evaluating the counselling skills of CHWs and identifying areas for improvement to develop targeted interventions and enhancing health outcomes for PAs.