Resumen: El artículo aborda la importancia de los ámbitos público y privado en el análisis feminista, destacando la presencia de la dicotomía entre estas esferas en las teorías del patriarcado y la interseccionalidad. La separación entre lo público y lo privado tiene raíces históricas y está relacionada con la opresión de las mujeres en la esfera privada y su exclusión de la esfera pública. Se critica la exclusión de las mujeres de la teoría política tradicional y la invisibilidad de sus identidades de género, señalando la importancia de reconocerla influencia del género en la esfera pública y la economía. La oposición entre lo público y lo privado se explora en los estudios feministas e impregna las teorías del patriarcado y la interseccionalidad, expresadas aquí por los escritos de Pateman, Okin, Fraser, Walby, Hill Collins, Crenshaw, Davis y Bilge; destacando el potencial de complementariedad entre ambas corrientes teóricas. Resumen feminista interseccionalidad economía Pateman Okin Fraser Walby Collins Crenshaw Bilge teóricas

Resumo: O artigo discute a importância dos domínios público e privado na análise feminista, destacando a presença da dicotomia entre essas esferas nas teorias do patriarcado e na interseccionalidade. A separação entre o público e o privado tem raízes históricas e está relacionada à opressão das mulheres na esfera privada e sua exclusão da esfera pública. A exclusão das mulheres da teoria política tradicional e a invisibilidade de suas identidades de gênero são criticadas, apontando a importância de reconhecer a influência do gênero na esfera pública e na economia. A oposição entre público e privado é explorada nos estudos feministas e permeia as teorias do patriarcado e da interseccionalidade, aqui expressas pelos escritos de Pateman, Okin, Fraser, Walby, Hill Colins, Crenshaw, Davis e Bilge, evidenciando o potencial de complementaridade entre ambas as correntes teóricas. Resumo feminista interseccionalidade criticadas economia Pateman Okin Fraser Walby Colins Crenshaw Bilge teóricas

Abstract: The paper discusses the importance of the public and private domains in feminist analysis, highlighting the presence of the dichotomy between these spheres in theories of patriarchy and intersectionality. The separation between the public and the private has historical roots and is related to the oppression of women in the private sphere and their exclusion from the public sphere. The exclusion of women from traditional political theory and the invisibility of their gender identities are critiqued, pointing to the importance of recognizing the influence of gender in the public sphere and the economy. The opposition between public and private is explored in feminist studies and permeates the theories of patriarchy and intersectionality, expressed here by the writings of Pateman, Okin, Fraser, Walby, Hill Collins, Crenshaw, Davis and Bilge; highlighting the potential for complementarity between both theoretical currents. Abstract analysis intersectionality critiqued economy Pateman Okin Fraser Walby Collins Crenshaw Bilge currents

Resumen: Con la teoría de la transmodernidad, Dussel esboza la visión de un mundo multipolar en el que se supera la era de la hegemonía global europea, surgida con la conquista de América en 1492, y las culturas del Sur Global son miembros iguales de una sociedad mundial. En las últimas décadas, sin embargo, han surgido nuevos centros regionales de poder en China, India, Irán, Arabia Saudí y Rusia, que siguen de forma más o menos radical una política antioccidental. Esto significa que ya vivimos en un mundo multipolar, como admiten ahora abiertamente algunos pensadores poscoloniales. Sin embargo, según Dussel, la transmodernidad no es un proyecto antieuropeo, sino que los logros emancipadores de la modernidad europea (en el sentido de la superación de Hegel) deben subsumirse en la transmodernidad. En su ética política, Dussel ha presentado una reinterpretación crítica de los derechos humanos y la democracia bajo el epígrafe de una “política popular”; el derecho internacional, en cambio, es sospechoso de colonialismo, como demuestra su crítica de Francisco de Vitoria. Dado que las nuevas potencias regionales persiguen ahora ellas mismas una política imperial, todos los Estados, incluidos los regímenes poscoloniales de izquierdas, se enfrentan en la actualidad a la decisión entre una política de zonas de influencia imperial o -esta sería la consecuencia de la transmodernidad de Dussel- un ulterior desarrollo crítico del derecho internacional.

Abstract: With the theory of transmodernity, Dussel outlines the vision of a multipolar world in which the era of European global hegemony, which arose with the conquest of America in 1492, is overcome and the cultures of the Global South are equal members of a new global order. In recent decades, however, new regional centres of power have emerged in China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Russia, which more or less radically pursue an anti-Western policy. This means that we already live in a multipolar world, as some postcolonial thinkers now openly admit. However, according to Dussel, transmodernity is not an anti-European project, but rather the emancipatory achievements of European modernity (in the sense of Hegel's Aufhebung) are to be subsumed in transmodernity. In his political ethics, Dussel has presented a critical reinterpretation of human rights and democracy under the heading of a "popular politics". The doctrine of international law, however, is suspected of colonialism, as his critique of Francisco de Vitoria demonstrates. Since the new regional powers are now themselves pursuing an imperial policy, all states, including left-wing post-colonial regimes, are now faced with the choice between a policy of imperial spheres of influence or - this would be the consequence of Dussel's transmodernity - a further critical development of international law.

Abstract During the second spanish liberal experience, the press played a crucial role as a space for analysis, discussion, debate, and controversy that simmered in the highest spheres of power, including the complex and ever-changing issue of American dissent and the desired independence. The prominence of both public opinion and public debate was evident. In this tumultuous context of mid-1821, the development of political journalism as a groundbreaking revelation contributed to the formation of identities and the construction of political life in both Spain and America. This article highlights the public debate on the pacification of America and the paths that should be forged for a post-independence relationship, although the focus is particularly on the revered New Spain, a perennial concern in this conflict. The participating columnists freely expressed their opinions and offered solutions to the sensitive problem under discussion, exerting an unavoidable influence on public opinion and generating debates on how to put an end to the bloody effusion that had overshadowed the region for over a decade. At least within a sector of Spanish society, there was hope of finding a path towards lasting peace and a promising future for the Spanish territories on both sides of the Atlantic.

Resumen Durante la segunda experiencia liberal española, la prensa desempeñó un papel crucial como espacio de análisis, discusión, debate y controversia que se bullía en las altas esferas del poder, incluyendo el complejo y cambiante tema de la disidencia americana, así como la soñada independencia. El protagonismo, tanto de la opinión pública como del debate público, era evidente. En este convulso contexto de mediados de 1821, el desarrollo del periodismo político como una novedosa revelación, contribuyó a la formación de identidades y a la construcción de la vida política tanto en España como en América. El presente artículo destaca el debate público sobre la pacificación de América y los caminos que deberían trazarse para una eventual relación postindependencia, aunque la mirada se posa con especial atención en la venerada Nueva España, perenne preocupación en este conflicto. Los articulistas que participaron en este debate expresaron libremente sus opiniones y ofrecieron soluciones al sensible problema que estaba en discusión, ejerciendo una influencia ineludible sobre la opinión pública y generando debates acerca de cómo poner fin a la cruenta efusión de sangre que ensombrecía la región desde hacía más de una década. Al menos en un sector de la sociedad española, existía la esperanza de encontrar un camino hacia una paz duradera y un futuro prometedor para las Españas de ambos lados del Atlántico.

Résumé Pendant la deuxième expérience libérale espagnole, la presse a été un acteur de premier plan en tant qu’espace d’analyse, de discussion, de débat et de controverse, alimentant les débats au sein des hautes sphères du pouvoir jusqu’à aborder le sujet complexe et évolutif de la dissidence américaine et de l’aspiration à l’indépendance. Le rôle central de l’opinion publique et du débat public était manifeste. Dans ce contexte agité du milieu de l’année 1821, l’émergence du journalisme politique en tant que révélation novatrice a contribué à façonner les identités et à structurer la vie politique aussi bien en Espagne qu’en Amérique. Cet article met en lumière le débat public sur la pacification de l’Amérique et les voies à suivre pour établir des éventuelles relations postindépendances, même si la “ vénérée ” Nouvelle-Espagne fait l’objet d’une attention particulière en tant que préoccupation constante dans ce conflit. Les contributeurs à ce débat ont librement exprimé leurs opinions et proposé des solutions à ce problème délicat, exerçant ainsi une influence considérable sur l’opinion publique. Ils ont ouvert d’autres discussions sur la manière de mettre fin à l’effusion de sang qui assombrissait la région depuis plus d’une décennie. Dans une partie au moins de la société espagnole, l’espoir demeurait de trouver le chemin vers une paix durable et un avenir prometteur pour les deux Espagne, quel que soit le côté de l’Atlantique.

Abstract Markets are important to public decision-makers in Côte d'Ivoire, who are constructing communal markets. The commune of Daloa serves as an example: apart from its central market, each district hosts a secondary market. However, despite this infrastructure, the Tazibouho-Université district features individual markets dispersed throughout densely populated areas. This scattered distribution, with limited spheres of influence, contradicts the evolutionary principle of markets. Market fragmentation diminishes the exchange of goods and services, despite its prevalence in Tazibouho-Université. This article analyzes the underlying reasons for this situation, which opposes the natural dynamics of markets. To achieve this, a literature review on markets was conducted, followed by a field survey involving merchants, customers, and suppliers. Additionally, a geographic information system was utilized to establish causal relationships and connections among stakeholders and services. This allowed us to demonstrate that this market arose from the intersection of the district's social structure and spatial organization, leading merchants to cater to local residents as customers and receive supplies from other markets and distant farmers. Furthermore, its expansion is attributed to the socio-professional status of local civil servants, whose purchasing behavior is influenced by the proximity strategies employed by merchants.

Resumen Los mercados son importantes para los responsables públicos de Costa de Marfil, que están construyendo mercados comunales. La comuna de Daloa es un ejemplo de esto, ya que además de su mercado central, cada uno de sus barrios cuenta con un mercado secundario. Sin embargo, a pesar de su presencia, el distrito de Tazibouho-Université cuenta con mercados individuales que se distribuyen en zonas densamente pobladas. Esta dispersión, con zonas de influencia reducidas, es contraria al principio de evolución del mercado. La fragmentación del mercado reduce los bienes y servicios intercambiados, aunque esté de moda en Tazibouho-Université. Este artículo se propone analizar las razones de esta situación, contraria a la dinámica natural de los mercados. Posteriormente, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre los mercados, seguida de una encuesta sobre el terreno a comerciantes, clientes y proveedores. Además, se utilizó un sistema de información geográfica para establecer relaciones causales y vínculos entre agentes y servicios. Esto permitió demostrar que este mercado surgió de la convergencia de la estructura social y el sistema espacial del barrio, lo que llevó a sus comerciantes a tener como clientes a los residentes locales y como proveedores a otros mercados y agricultores de la periferia. Además, la expansión de este mercado se debe al estatus socioprofesional de los funcionarios locales, cuyo comportamiento adquisitivo está determinado por las estrategias de proximidad de los comerciantes.

Resumo Os mercados são importantes para os decisores públicos da Costa do Marfim, que estão a construir mercados comunais. A comuna de Daloa insere-se neste contexto e, para além do seu mercado central, cada um dos seus bairros dispõe de um mercado secundário. No entanto, apesar da sua presença, o bairro de Tazibouho-Université possui mercados individuais que se distribuem em zonas densamente povoadas. Esta dispersão, com áreas de influência reduzidas, é contrária ao princípio da evolução dos mercados. A fragmentação dos mercados reduz os bens e serviços comercializados, embora esteja em voga no bairro de Tazibouho-Université. Este artigo propõe-se analisar as razões desta situação, que é contrária à dinâmica natural dos mercados. Para o efeito, foi efetuada uma revisão da literatura sobre os mercados. Seguiu-se um inquérito no terreno a comerciantes, clientes e fornecedores. Além disso, foi utilizado um sistema de informação geográfica para estabelecer causalidades e ligações entre atores e serviços. Isto permitiu mostrar que este mercado nasceu da convergência da estrutura social e do sistema espacial do bairro, levando os seus comerciantes a ter como clientes os residentes locais e como fornecedores outros mercados e agricultores da periferia. Além disso, a sua expansão deve-se ao estatuto socioprofissional dos funcionários públicos locais, cujo comportamento aquisitivo é moldado pelas estratégias de proximidade dos comerciantes.

ABSTRACT The goal of this research is to delve into the burgeoning interest in Ottoman-Turkish literature within Azerbaijan's literary and cultural milieu at the dawn of the 20th century. It is scrutinized how Azerbaijani intellectuals, notably poets and writers like Huseyn Javid, Mohammad Hadi, Abbas Sahhat, Abdulla Shaiq, Firidun Kocherli, Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh, Abdulla Sur, and others, who played pivotal roles in promoting Turkish literature. Their artistic endeavors were complemented by proactive efforts to elevate Turkish literary works, evident in their publications, newspapers, magazines, and literary discourses. The article dissected their perspectives on Turkish literature, dissecting various themes, individual artists, and creative exemplars. These viewpoints, widely disseminated in early 20th-century media and literary texts, underscored the profound influence of Turkish literature on Azerbaijani literary thought. Ultimately, the study revealed that Azerbaijani writers and poets' discussions on Ottoman literature exerted a twofold impact. Firstly, they acquainted Azerbaijani readers with Turkish literary heritage, fostering cross-cultural understanding. Secondly, they catalyzed the intellectual renaissance and spurred the emergence of new literary paradigms within Azerbaijan's literary landscape. Thus, these intellectual exchanges facilitated a rich literary dialogue between Azerbaijani and Turkish literary traditions, enriching both cultural spheres.

RESUMEN El objetivo de esta investigación es profundizar en el creciente interés por la literatura turco-otomana dentro del medio literario y cultural de Azerbaiyán en los albores del siglo XX. Se analiza cómo los intelectuales azerbaiyanos, en particular poetas y escritores como Huseyn Javid, Mohammad Hadi, Abbas Sahhat, Abdulla Shaiq, Firidun Kocherli, Mohammad Amin Rasulzadeh, Abdulla Sur y otros, desempeñaron un papel fundamental en la promoción de la literatura turca. Sus esfuerzos artísticos se complementaron con esfuerzos proactivos para elevar las obras literarias turcas, evidentes en sus publicaciones, periódicos, revistas y discursos literarios. El artículo analiza sus perspectivas sobre la literatura turca, analizando varios temas, artistas individuales y ejemplos creativos. Estos puntos de vista, ampliamente difundidos en los medios de comunicación y los textos literarios de principios del siglo XX, subrayaron la profunda influencia de la literatura turca en el pensamiento literario azerbaiyano. En última instancia, el estudio reveló que los debates de los escritores y poetas azerbaiyanos sobre la literatura otomana ejercieron un doble impacto. En primer lugar, familiarizaron a los lectores azerbaiyanos con la herencia literaria turca, fomentando el entendimiento intercultural. En segundo lugar, catalizaron el renacimiento intelectual y estimularon el surgimiento de nuevos paradigmas literarios dentro del panorama literario de Azerbaiyán. Así, estos intercambios intelectuales facilitaron un rico diálogo literario entre las tradiciones literarias azerbaiyana y turca, enriqueciendo ambas esferas culturales.

Abstract The University of São Paulo (USP) is acknowledged for its scientific and cultural significance. This article investigates the extent of USP’s influence on the shaping of Brazil’s governing elites. The study is founded on a quantitative analysis of the academic background of individuals occupying top positions in the federal public administration (Presidents of the Republic, Presidents of the Central Bank, Ministers of State, leaders of the Legislative, Judiciary, and the Public Prosecutor Service) from the 1930s to the present day. The data reveals that USP has made a significant contribution to the education of high-ranking federal members across various spheres, with its influence being predominant. The participation of USP alumni varies over time and between different political regimes, being more pronounced during democratic periods. Moreover, other higher education institutions have also played crucial roles in the formation of governing elites. The diversity of institutions attended by government members reflects the complexity and dynamics of the formation of Brazilian elites, influenced by political and social changes over time. (USP significance USPs s Brazils Brazil elites Republic Bank State Legislative Judiciary Service day highranking high ranking spheres predominant regimes periods Moreover

Resumo A Universidade de São Paulo (USP) é reconhecida por sua importância científica e cultural. O artigo investiga o grau de influência da USP na formação das elites dirigentes do Brasil. O estudo se baseia em uma análise quantitativa da formação acadêmica dos ocupantes do alto escalão da administração pública federal (Presidentes da República, Presidentes do Banco Central, Ministros de Estado, líderes do Legislativo, Judiciário e do Ministério Público) desde os anos 1930 até a atualidade. Os dados revelam que a USP contribuiu significativamente para a formação de membros do alto escalão federal em diferentes esferas e sua influência é dominante. A participação de egressos da USP varia ao longo do tempo e entre diferentes regimes políticos, sendo mais acentuada em períodos democráticos. Além disso, outras instituições de ensino superior também tiveram papéis importantes na formação de elites dirigentes. A diversidade de instituições frequentadas pelos membros do governo reflete a complexidade e a dinâmica da formação das elites brasileiras, influenciada por mudanças políticas e sociais ao longo do tempo. (USP cultural Brasil República Central Estado Legislativo Público 193 atualidade dominante políticos democráticos disso brasileiras 19 1

Contents related to the modern physics field involve the knowledge of the production and interaction of radiation with matter. The attenuation of the radiation evidences the macroscopic manifestation of this interaction. This study presents an apparatus intended for teaching practices to determine the lead mass attenuation coefficient for gamma-ray photons from a source of 137Cs (photons with energy of approximately 662 keV). Traditionally, this determination is performed using lead plates of known thicknesses. However, this focus generally produces discrepant results related to the mass attenuation coefficient adopted values, with deviations around 15%. In the approach presented here, which is innovative, the plates were replaced by small spheres or powders of the analyzed material (lead). The results show that this substitution significantly reduced the deviations from the theoretical values. In the best experimental condition, the errors were between 2% and 4% for the spheres and the powder, respectively. Among the advantages of the proposed method are the possibility of continuous variations in the thickness and the geometry of the attenuating material, and the analysis of the influence of porous systems on the measurement of radiation attenuation. matter gammaray gamma ray Cs 66 keV. keV . keV) Traditionally thicknesses However values 15 15% here innovative lead. (lead) condition 2 4 powder respectively 6 1 (lead

Conteúdos relacionados à área de Física Moderna envolvem o conhecimento da produção e interação da radiação com a matéria. A manifestação macroscópica dessa interação se evidencia pela atenuação da radiação incidente no material. Neste estudo, apresenta-se o uso de um aparato experimental destinado a práticas de ensino visando a determinação do coeficiente de atenuação do chumbo para fótons de raios gama provenientes de uma fonte de 137Cs (fótons com energia de aproximadamente 662 keV). Tradicionalmente, essa determinação é realizada utilizando-se como material absorvedor placas de chumbo de espessuras conhecidas. Entretanto, em geral, esse enfoque leva a resultados discrepantes em relação ao valor do coeficiente de atenuação teórico para o chumbo, com desvios em torno de 15%. No método aqui apresentado, sugere-se a substituição das placas por esferas ou pó de chumbo. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o método proposto reduziu sensivelmente os desvios do coeficiente de atenuação medido em relação aos valores teóricos (simulados). Na melhor condição experimental os erros ficaram entre 2 e 4%. Entre as grandes vantagens do método abordado estão à possibilidade de variações contínuas na espessura e na geometria do material absorvedor e análise da influência de sistemas porosos na medida da atenuação da radiação. matéria estudo apresentase apresenta Cs 66 keV. keV . keV) Tradicionalmente utilizandose utilizando conhecidas Entretanto geral 15 15% apresentado sugerese sugere simulados. simulados (simulados) 4 4% 6 1 (simulados

ABSTRACT Introduction: Population aging is a phenomenon that has been increasing in recent years. It includes a series of physiological changes and diseases that condition a significant decrease in the perception of quality of life among this population group. Objective: To determine the perception of quality of life by older adults in rural parishes belonging to the canton of Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador. Methods: A basic, nonexperimental, descriptive and correlational research was carried out. The universe consisted of 857 older adults belonging to rural communities in the canton of Riobamba. The sample consisted of 696 older adults. The quality of life perception questionnaire used by the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion of Ecuador was used to determine the perception of quality of life by the older adults participating in the study. Results: The average age was 67.87 years, with a predominance of the female sex (64.80 %), as well as the presence of chronic diseases (69.97 %). A predominance was obtained of older adults with satisfaction always or almost always in all the identified dimensions. Conclusions: The perception of quality of life of older adults in the canton of Riobamba is adequate; it is necessary to analyze the elements that negatively influence the spheres of personal development, social inclusion and self-determination.

RESUMEN Introducción: El envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno que ha ido en aumento durante los últimos años. Incluye una serie de cambios fisiológicos y enfermedades que condicionan una disminución importante de la percepción de calidad de vida de este grupo poblacional. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de calidad de vida de los adultos mayores de las parroquias rurales pertenecientes al cantón Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación básica, no experimental, descriptiva y correlacional. El universo estuvo constituido por 857 adultos mayores pertenecientes a las comunidades rurales del cantón Riobamba. La muestra estuvo constituida por 696 adultos mayores. Se utilizó el cuestionario de percepción de calidad de vida utilizado por el Ministerio de Inclusión Económica y Social del Ecuador para determinar la percepción de calidad de vida de los adultos mayores participantes en el estudio. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 67,87 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (64,80 %) y de presencia de enfermedades crónicas (69,97 %). Se obtuvo predominio de adultos mayores con satisfacción siempre o casi siempre en todas las dimensiones identificadas. Conclusiones: La percepción de calidad de vida de los adultos mayores del Cantón Riobamba es adecuada; es necesario analizar los elementos que influeyen negativamente en las esferas desarrollo personal, inclusión social y autodeterminación.

RESUMO: Com base na teoria sócio-histórico-cultural da atividade e no programa de pesquisa das questões sociocientíficas, discute-se o papel do problema como elemento de continuidade e articulação entre atividades de uma sequência didática, a partir da análise do movimento discursivo da problematização e deslocamento de contextos com o fim de produzir significado aos conteúdos, bem como negociar motivos entre professores e estudantes. Para tanto, um conjunto de aulas executadas em uma sequência didática foi categorizado para identificar “atividades”, “conteúdos”, “problema” e a articulação dessas duas últimas categorias. Em seguida, foram analisadas estratégias discursivas mobilizadas por uma professora de Química e por seus estudantes em um episódio representativo do processo de compreensão e resolução do problema. Constata-se que a multidimensionalidade da abordagem problematizadora contribui para a negociação e o compartilhamento de motivos e tem potencial para expandir a influência do programa de pesquisa das questões sociocientíficas sobre outras esferas da sociedade além da própria escola. RESUMO sóciohistóricocultural sócio histórico cultural discutese discute se conteúdos tanto atividades, , “atividades” “conteúdos” “problema categorias seguida Constatase Constata escola “atividades “conteúdos

RESUMEN: A partir de la teoría socio-histórico-cultural de la actividad y del programa de investigación de las cuestiones sociocientíficas, se discute el papel del problema como elemento de continuidad y articulación entre actividades de una secuencia didáctica, a partir del análisis del movimiento discursivo de problematización y desplazamiento de contextos con el fin de producir significado al contenido, así como negociar motivos entre profesores y estudiantes. Para ello, se categorizó un conjunto de clases realizadas en una secuencia didáctica para identificar “actividades”, “contenidos”, “problemas” y la articulación de estas dos últimas categorías. A continuación, se analizaron las estrategias discursivas movilizadas por una profesora de Química y sus alumnos en un episodio representativo del proceso de comprensión y resolución del problema. Parece que la multidimensionalidad del enfoque problematizador contribuye a la negociación y el intercambio de motivos y tiene el potencial de ampliar la influencia del programa de investigación sobre cuestiones sociocientíficas en otras esferas de la sociedad más allá de la escuela misma. RESUMEN sociohistóricocultural socio histórico cultural contenido estudiantes ello actividades, , “actividades” contenidos, contenidos “contenidos” problemas “problemas categorías continuación misma “actividades “contenidos

ABSTRACT: Based on socio-historical-cultural theory of activity and on the research program of the socio-scientific issues, the role of the problem as an element of continuity and articulation between activities of a didactic sequence is discussed, based on the analysis of the discursive movement of problematization and displacement of contexts to produce meaning to contents, as well as negotiate motives between teachers and students. To this end, a set of classes carried out in a didactic sequence was categorized to identify “activities”, “contents”, “problem” and the articulation of these last two categories. Next, discursive strategies mobilized by a Chemistry teacher and her students were analyzed in a representative episode of the process of understanding and solving the problem. It appears that the multidimensionality of the problematizing approach contributes to the negotiation and sharing of motives and has the potential to expand the influence of the research program on socio-scientific issues on other spheres of society beyond the school itself ABSTRACT sociohistoricalcultural socio historical cultural socioscientific scientific discussed contents end activities, , “activities” “contents” “problem categories Next “activities “contents

Citizen science projects are vulnerable to top-down directivity, and driven by assumptions of one-directional ambitions with regard to capacity building and knowledge production. Through the story of Ruth, we discuss how deep-seated legacies of inequality influence the politics of knowledge and explore what we, involved in citizen science projects, could learn from the politics of knowledge as it emerges from decolonisation struggles-particularly as manifested within the academy. Most universities are orientated around Western knowledge regimes that mute many other ways of knowing and ordering the world. Significant inroads have been made when writing on decolonising education but less is known about the effects of the colonisation of state institutions and the disturbances, interferences, and disruptions to organising, sharing, and creating knowledge in public spheres outside of these same universities. These disturbances affect the personal and collective histories of people so that when they are part of research linked to the university, their everyday lives become enmeshed with institutional hegemonies. Research is not dissociated from its deeply entrenched colonial roots. If decolonisation means going deeper into the legitimacy of knowledge and who and how this is being defined, then this must include the process of producing that knowledge outside the bastions of power.

Résumé Les influenceurs numériques influencent l'intention d'achat de biens et de services et agissent comme médiateurs ou (re)producteurs des idéologies les plus variées. En touchant un large spectre de la population, ils diffusent des croyances, des valeurs et des représentations et façonnent les attitudes et les comportements de leurs publics dans de multiples sphères de la vie sociale. A travers une incursion théorico-empirique dans des études issues de différents domaines des sciences sociales, nous proposons quelques pistes d'analyse relatives aux stratégies symbolico-idéologiques mobilisées par ces individus dans leurs pratiques.

Resumen Los influencers digitales influyen en la intención de compra de bienes y servicios y actúan como mediadores o (re)productores de las más variadas ideologías. Al llegar a un amplio espectro de la población, difunden creencias, valores y representaciones y moldean las actitudes y comportamientos de sus audiencias en múltiples esferas de la vida social. A través de una incursión teórico-empírica en estudios de diversas áreas de las ciencias sociales, sugerimos algunas pistas analíticas relacionadas con las estrategias simbólico-ideológicas movilizadas por estos individuos en sus prácticas.

Abstract Digital influencers influence the intention to buy goods and services and act as mediators or (re)producers of the most varied ideologies. By reaching a broad spectrum of the population, they disseminate beliefs, values and representations and shape the attitudes and behaviour of their audiences in multiple spheres of social life. Through a theoretical-empirical foray into studies from various areas of the social sciences, we suggest some analytical clues related to the symbolic-ideological strategies mobilised by these individuals in their practices.

Resumo Os influenciadores digitais influenciam a intenção de compra de bens e serviços e atuam como mediadores ou (re)produtores das mais variadas ideologias. Ao alcançarem um amplo espectro populacional, disseminam crenças, valores e representações e moldam as atitudes e comportamentos das suas audiências em múltiplas esferas da vida social. Através de uma incursão teórico-empírica a estudos de várias áreas das ciências sociais, sugerem-se algumas pistas analíticas relacionadas com as estratégias simbólico-ideológicas mobilizadas por estes indivíduos nas suas práticas.

BACKGROUND. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant influence on all spheres of society. This influence was particularly apparent in healthcare and in the training of health professionals within an already resource-constrained country such as South Africa. The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges and opportunities for learning from the point of view of students undertaking the Bachelor of Health Sciences (BHSc) in Clinical Technology programme, which is a specialised and distinctive field, as well as the academics involved in this programme. OBJECTIVE. To explore how the clinical training practice component of the undergraduate programme was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS. A qualitative, exploratory research design was used. A non-probability purposive sampling method was selected. Students and academics were recruited and sampled. The first sample comprised 15 students from each of the 17 clinical departments where clinical training was undertaken. The second sample included 4 academics who were involved in teaching and supervising the placement of students at various healthcare institutions. Data were gathered using in-depth, semi-structured interviews on an adapted version of Gibbs' cycle of reflection. Six questions were presented to each participant, underpinned by the findings from the literature review and modified specifically to the context of this study. RESULTS. Four broad themes emerged: support for teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic; impact of the pandemic on students' mental wellbeing; transitioning to the online learning space; and finding opportunities in the time of crisis. CONCLUSION. This study highlights the issues of preparedness for crisis situations by higher education institutions, academics and students and underscores the need for curricula to be more responsive to student and societal needs.

ABSTRACT The application of innovative Artificial Intelligence techniques has become a powerful work tool that solves multiple problems in all spheres of knowledge, in the field of hydraulics in general and in water supply systems in particular. This report applies data mining techniques to the Aguas de La Habana hydraulic sector to establish the relationship between domestic water consumption and some climatic and bioclimatic variables. In the work the main climatic variables that influence domestic consumption are obtained. This result constitutes the necessary prelude to the construction of a prediction model for domestic water consumption based on the behavior of climate variability, a fundamental tool for activities such as operation, maintenance, and planning of future water demand.

RESUMEN La aplicación de novedosas técnicas de inteligencia artificial se ha convertido en una poderosa herramienta de trabajo que soluciona múltiples problemas en todas las esferas del conocimiento, en el campo de la hidráulica en general y en los sistemas de abasto de agua en lo particular. En este reporte se aplican técnicas de minería de datos a un sector hidráulico de Aguas de La Habana, para establecer la relación entre el consumo doméstico de agua y algunas variables climáticas y bioclimáticas. En el trabajo se obtienen las principales variables climáticas que influyen en el consumo doméstico. Este resultado se constituye en la antesala necesaria para la construcción de un modelo de predicción del consumo doméstico de agua a partir del comportamiento de la variabilidad climática, una herramienta fundamental para actividades como la operación, el mantenimiento y el planeamiento de la demanda futura.

RESUMEN Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación como base de la sociedad de la información revolucionaron la sociedad en todos los ámbitos de la vida y al hombre mismo. Considerando esto, en el artículo se analiza el problema de la influencia manipuladora. Se presta especial atención a la descripción de las principales características que permiten distinguir la manipulación de otros tipos de influencia, y la estructura del fenómeno objeto de estudio. El análisis de la manipulación como forma de impacto psicológico indica la presencia de tres grandes paradigmas que explican la naturaleza y los patrones de la influencia psicológica: objetual (enfoque reactivo), subjetivo y personal (o intersubjetivo). El artículo considera también los tipos de impacto psicológico. La investigación de la manipulación demuestra el complejo fenómeno que tiene lugar en el proceso de interacción entre sujeto y objeto, en el que, debido a la habilidad del primero, la manipulación pasa desapercibida y viola la intención, que no coincide con los verdaderos deseos del objeto existente y, por la inmoralidad y la inaceptabilidad social, presenta la amenaza psicológica de la información para el individuo y la sociedad en su conjunto.

ABSTRACT Information and communication technologies as the basis of the information society revolutionized society in all spheres of life and man itself. Considering this, in the article it is analyzed the problem of manipulative influence. Particular attention is paid to the description of the main features that make it possible to distinguish manipulation from other types of influence, and the structure of the phenomenon under study. Analysis of manipulation as a form of psychological impact indicates the presence of three major paradigms explaining the nature and patterns of psychological influence: object (reactive approach), subjective and personal (or intersubjective). The article considers also the types of psychological impact. The research of the manipulation demonstrates the complex phenomenon taking place in the process of interaction between subject and object, in which, owing to the skill of the first, the manipulation goes unnoticed and violates the intent, which do not coincide with the true desires of the existing object, and, by immorality and social unacceptability, presents the information-psychological threat to the individual and society as a whole.

Resumen 1Los hogares monoparentales se ven enfrentados a compatibilizar la generación de ingresos con las tareas de cuidado en el hogar, como la alimentación familiar, la cual se configura como un dominio clave en el bienestar. Es por ello, que el objetivo de este estudio buscó explorar los significados acerca de la satisfacción con la alimentación que tienen madres e hijos de familias monoparentales con jefatura femenina. A partir de un estudio de caso de método mixto, mediante la participación de 47 familias monoparentales de jefatura femenina, tanto madres como hijos adolescentes, cuyas edades fluctuaban entre 10 y 17 años de edad, completaron individualmente una tarea de asociación de palabras con "estar satisfecho con mi alimentación" y una tarea de finalización de palabras con "estaría más satisfecho con mi alimentación si...". Los resultados evidenciaron que los significados de la satisfacción con la alimentación son atribuibles a la conceptualización formal del constructo y que no existiría diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las respuestas dadas por madres e hijos, en base a los determinantes de comportamiento en la alimentación. Así se concluyó que las similitudes en los significados, en torno a los determinantes que se identifican con la satisfacción con la alimentación y con los aspectos que podrían aumentarla, permiten constatar la influencia de la familia en las construcciones y significados que forman parte de la identidad individual y cultural de los adolescentes, lo cual se convierte en un insumo necesario para el diseño de prácticas y estrategias que propicien una mayor satisfacción con la alimentación.

Abstract Numerous female-headed single parent households face increased pressure when attempting to balance income generation with household responsibilities, such as family nutrition, which is critical given its greater influence on children's nutrition and diet quality (Hebestreit et al., 2017). This situation is critical in light of the fact that food is positioned as a critical domain of human well-being (Schnettler et al., 2014, 2017; Denegri et al., 2014, 2016). Satisfaction with food-related life is conceptualized as an individual's global cognitive evaluation of his or her diet (Grunert, Dean, Raats, Nielsen, y Lumbers, 2007); its formal definition is connected to other facets of life such as health, family, and social relationships (Grunert et al., 2007). According to the literature, satisfaction with food-related life is defined in terms of three primary determinants of eating behavior: the food consumed, the individual, and the diet's context (Köster, 2009). The purpose of this study is to contribute to our understanding of female-headed single-parent families and their meanings by examining the importance placed on the family as the first social space in which people construct and shape their social representations in various spheres of daily life (Moscovici, 1984). The overall objective is to investigate the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life for mothers and adolescent children in female-headed single-parent families. The specific objectives are to i) define the semantic entities of food satisfaction in relation to mothers and adolescent children, ii) identify factors that contribute to mothers' and adolescent children's food satisfaction, and iii) compare how mothers and adolescent children perceive their food satisfaction and the factors that contribute to it increasing. To accomplish these goals, a mixed case study research design was used. This entails combining quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to gain a better understanding of the research issues (Cresswell y Plano Clark, 2011). A total of 47 Chilean single-parent families with a female head of household participated in this study. It consists of a fee-paying mother that has at least one adolescent child between the ages of 10 and 17. The data collection method was an interview developed and tested in the Chilean population by Schnettler et al. (2020), based on a projective technique (Mesas y Escribano, 2018), in which mothers and adolescent children individually responded to the first words, terms, or phrases associated with the expression “being satisfied with my food-related life" with the goal of determining the meaning of satisfaction with food-related life. They were then asked to complete the sentence “I would be more satisfied with my food-related life if...”. In order to identify factors that could improve their satisfaction with food-related life. The data was textually analyzed by segmenting and coding it. Subsequently, by establishing conceptual relationships, categories and supracategories were generated deductively (Krippendorff, 2004). Following that, the information expressed in the results and plotted in frequency tables is synthesized and interpreted. The Chi-square test was used to compare mothers' and adolescent children's responses (Agresti, 1990). In conclusion, the findings indicate that the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life can be ascribed to the construct's formal conceptualization. Thus, this study provides evidence that the construct is valid. There were also similarities in the meanings of mothers and adolescent children when it came to the determinants associated with food satisfaction, as well as the factors that could increase their satisfaction with food-related life. This finding is critical for establishing the family's influence on the constructs and meanings associated with adolescents' cultural identities.