Die prosesse wat gebruik word om onroerende eiendom van verkoper na koper in Suid-Afrika oor te dra, is verouderd en nie outomaties nie. Dokumente in papierformaat verhoog die risiko vir bedrog en wanvoorstellings. Hierdie artikel oorweeg die implementering van 'n wolkgebaseerde, gesentraliseerde databasis met eiendomsaanvoerkettingvennote, om deursigtigheid, omkeertyd en sekuriteit te verbeter, terwyl die risiko en koste geminimaliseer word. Die digitalisering van eiendomsprosesse sou lei tot die dematerialisering van die titelbewys, en nie bloot outomatisering van die papiergebaseerde stelsel nie. Die kwalitatiewe navorsing was verkennend, en halfgestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met rolspelers betrokke by eiendomsoordragte in Suid-Afrika. Dit het die Suid-Afrikaanse Reserwebank, die Departement van Landbou, Grondhervorming en Landelike Ontwikkeling, die Prokureursorde van Suid-Afrika, verbandopstellers, Die Bankvereniging, die Departement van Binnelandse Sake, die registrateur van die aktekantoor, die landmeter-generaal, munisipaliteite, sagtewaremaatskappye, die Nasionale Tesourie, Suid-Afrika se Sentrale Sekuriteitebewaarplek, sowel as die Tshwane Munisipaliteit se Raad, ingesluit.

The processes used to transfer immovable property from a seller to a buyer in South Africa are outdated and not digitised. Paper-based documents increase the risk of fraud and misrepresentation. This study considered the implementation of a cloud-based centralised database for property supply chain partners to enhance transparency, turnaround times, and security while minimising risks and costs. Digitalised property processes would result in title deeds' dematerialisation and not merely the automation of the paper-based system. This qualitative study was exploratory, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with role-players involved with property transfers in South Africa. These included the South African Reserve Bank, the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, the Law Society of South Africa, mortgage originators, The Banking Association, the Department of Home Affairs, the Registrar of each Deeds Office, the Surveyor General's office, municipalities, software companies, National Treasury, South Africa's Central Securities Depository (Strate Ltd), and the Tshwane Mettropolitan Municipal Council.

ABSTRACT The design and visualization of the distribution of atoms in a fraction of space through the application of software allows us to increase the understanding of the structure of materials and the elaboration of theoretical propositions. The purpose of this work was to develop a procedure for the application of the GeoGebra 3D software as a tool for designing crystalline structures, from the Mathematics subject for Chemical Engineering students. A workshop called GeoCristal was held to reflect experiences on the use of GeoGebra 3D. Based on a sequence of tasks, the students designed a BCC crystal structure related to alpha iron in the software. The experience demonstrated the usefulness of the software for the design of crystalline structures. It made possible to promote and systematize essential contents of Materials Engineering. Managed to increase students' motivation for Mathematics. The study reflected the importance of the use of ICTs and basic subjects in the training of chemical engineers.

RESUMEN El diseño y visualización de la distribución de los átomos en una fracción del espacio mediante la aplicación de software, permite elevar la comprensión de la estructura de los materiales y la elaboración de proposiciones teóricas. El propósito de este trabajo consistió en desarrollar un procedimiento para la aplicación del software GeoGebra 3D como herramienta de diseño de estructuras cristalinas, desde la asignatura de Matemática para estudiantes de Ingeniería Química. Se realizó un taller denominado GeoCristal para reflejar las experiencias sobre el empleo de GeoGebra 3D. A partir de una secuencia de tareas, los estudiantes diseñaron en el software una estructura cristalina BCC relacionada con el hierro alfa. La experiencia demostró la utilidad del software para el diseño en estructuras cristalinas. Permitió fomentar y sistematizar contenidos imprescindibles de la Ingeniería de los Materiales. Logró aumentar la motivación de los estudiantes por las Matemáticas. El estudio reflejó la importancia del uso de las TICs y de las asignaturas básicas en la formación del ingeniero químico.

Abstract This study focuses on analyzing the student perception of the proposal of University Social Responsibility linked to the organizational management carried out by the leaders of one of the academic units at the National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico. The study adopts a quantitative approach, involving 1,410 undergraduate and engineering students through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. To collect the data, the University Social Responsibility survey from the URSULA Model, as proposed by Vallaeys (2020), was employed, with a specific focus on the organizational management dimension and students. The data were processed and analyzed using the SPSS software. A detailed descriptive analysis was conducted for each of the sub-dimensions assessed in the survey. The findings revealed a high level of acceptance and positive evaluation of University Social Responsibility in its organizational management dimension, with the majority of students perceiving and valuing this aspect highly. These results underscore the significance of organizational management within the context of University Social Responsibility and its influence on student perception. In conclusion, this study has contributed to comprehending the student perception of University Social Responsibility concerning the organizational management exercised by the leaders of the academic unit at the National Polytechnic Institute, serving as a foundation for the development of policies and actions to further strengthen USR within the institution.

Resumo O presente estudo se concentra em analisar a percepção dos estudantes sobre a proposta de responsabilidade social universitária vinculada à gestão organizacional exercida pelos dirigentes de uma das unidades acadêmicas do Instituto Politécnico Nacional do México. Este estudo enquadra-se numa abordagem quantitativa, para a qual foi utilizada uma amostragem não probabilística por conveniência, onde participaram 1.410 estudantes de graduação e engenharia. Para coletar as informações, utilizou-se a pesquisa de responsabilidade social universitária do modelo URSULA, proposta por Vallaeys (2020), embora focada apenas na dimensão da gestão organizacional e dos estudantes. Os dados foram processados e analisados através do software SPSS. Foi realizada análise descritiva detalhada para cada uma das subdimensões avaliadas na pesquisa. Os resultados mostram uma elevada aceitação e avaliação positiva da responsabilidade social universitária na sua dimensão de gestão organizacional. Estes resultados reforçam a importância da gestão organizacional no contexto da responsabilidade social universitária e o seu impacto na percepção dos estudantes. Concluindo, este estudo contribuiu para a compreensão da percepção dos estudantes sobre a responsabilidade social universitária em relação à gestão organizacional exercida pelos dirigentes da unidade acadêmica do Instituto Politécnico Nacional e pode servir de base para o desenvolvimento de políticas e ações que fortaleçam ainda mais a RSU na instituição.

Resumen El presente estudio se centra en analizar la percepción estudiantil de la propuesta de responsabilidad social universitaria vinculada con la gestión organizacional ejercida por los líderes de una de las unidades académicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional de México. Este estudio se enmarca en un enfoque cuantitativo, para lo cual se empleó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia donde participaron 1410 estudiantes de licenciatura e ingeniería. Para recopilar la información, se utilizó la encuesta de responsabilidad social universitaria del modelo URSULA, propuesto por Vallaeys (2020), aunque se enfocó únicamente en la dimensión de gestión organizacional y los estudiantes. Los datos fueron procesados y analizados mediante el software SPSS. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo detallado para cada una de las subdimensiones evaluadas en la encuesta. Los hallazgos muestran una alta aceptación y valoración positiva de la responsabilidad social universitaria en su dimensión gestión organizacional. Estos resultados refuerzan la importancia de la gestión organizacional en el contexto de la responsabilidad social universitaria y su impacto en la percepción estudiantil. En conclusión, este estudio ha contribuido a comprender la percepción estudiantil de la responsabilidad social universitaria en relación con la gestión organizacional ejercida por los líderes de la unidad académica del Instituto Politécnico Nacional y pueden servir como base para desarrollar políticas y acciones que fortalezcan aún más la RSU en la institución.

This study delves into the dynamic interplay between GeoGebra, a prominent interactive digital tool, and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) cognition, focusing on teachers. Anchored by the objective to unravel how GeoGebra influences conceptual understanding and visualisation, the research hypothesises that GeoGebra significantly influences cognitive outcomes in STEM cognition. Thus, aiming to assess the hypothesis that GeoGebra significantly influences cognitive outcomes, a Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed. Data was collected through a survey designed to capture the experiences and interactions of 71 teachers with GeoGebra. The significant direct pathways (Analogical Comparison Principle (ACP) and Error and Misconceptions Reflection Principle (EMR) and between Mathematical and Computational Algorithms (MCA) and Analogical Comparison Principle (ACP)) established empirical evidence to the theory that GeoGebra can facilitate conceptual understanding as well as cognitive development. Additionally, the indirect pathways with no significant effects such as Mathematical Cognition (MAS) to ACP to EMR was indicative of the fact that influence of GeoGebra operates more through direct interactions with the software as opposed to through mediated learning processes. The conclusion is that influence of GeoGebra is not uniform across all contexts, indicative of the fact that factors such as geographical location play a critical role in shaping the software's effectiveness in enhancing STEM education. In sum, while GeoGebra is a potent interactive digital tool for enhancing STEM cognition, the results call for tailored strategies in integrating digital tools like GeoGebra, by considering the specific needs of different learning context, particularly paying attention to the contrast between urban and rural educational settings.

Resumen: Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de una herramienta de cálculo de los residuos de los modos críticos de oscilación para un sistema eléctrico, utilizando datos del análisis modal de PowerFactory de DIgSILENT. El problema planteado es de gran importancia en los sistemas eléctricos actuales, los cuales se caracterizan por operar sus elementos al límite y si estas oscilaciones, no son adecuadamente amortiguadas, pueden causar fallas en la generación al reducir el nivel de estabilidad del sistema. PowerFactory es una herramienta de ingeniería para analizar sistemas eléctricos, utilizado ampliamente en la industria e investigación. Este software cuenta con un lenguaje propio de programación, a saber, DIgSILENT Programming Language (DPL), el cual permite procesar variables de interés desde el análisis modal, mismas que pueden ser usadas en otros dispositivos del sistema, como son los estabilizadores de sistemas de potencia (PSS). Mediante programación de las variables de interés, se calcula el residuo de los modos críticos de oscilación. Así, el cálculo del residuo requiere del procesamiento de la matriz de estados A facilitada directamente por PowerFactory y de la construcción de las matrices de las variables de entrada B y salida C, respectivamente, por medio de programación DPL para diferentes escenarios operativos del sistema eléctrico de potencia. La metodología de cálculo se ha aplicado a sistemas eléctricos disponibles en la literatura especializada en estabilidad oscilatoria en la cual se aplica la herramienta para observar la dinámica de los modos de oscilación con y sin PSS, siendo estos últimos sintonizados mediante el residuo calculado.

Abstract: This paper presents the development of a tool to calculate the residue of the critical oscillation modes for an electrical system obtained through the DIgSILENTs PowerFactory modal analysis tool. This problem is essential in current electrical systems that are characterized by operating their elements at the limit, and if these oscillations are not adequately damped, they can cause generator failures by reducing their level of stability, making the system vulnerable. PowerFactory is an engineering tool to analyze electrical systems, widely used in industry and research. This software has its own programming language, DIgSILENT Programming Language (DPL), providing the capability to process variables of interest from the modal analysis, which can be used in other system devices, such as power system stabilizers (PSS). The residue of the critical oscillation modes can be calculated by programming the variables of interest. Consequently, the calculation of residue requires the processing of the state matrix A provided directly by PowerFactory, whereas it is possible to construct the matrices of the input variables B and output variables C, respectively, by means of DPL programming for different operating scenarios of the electrical power system. The calculation methodology has been applied to electrical systems from the literature specialized in oscillatory stability. The tool is applied to observe the dynamics of the oscillation modes both with and without PSS, the latter being tuned by the calculated residues.

ABSTRACT The growing development in the automation of technological processes requires process engineers to know basic aspects of automatic regulation systems. In Plan E of Chemical Engineering, the subject Instrumentation and Controls is taught so that the graduate can conceive a regulation and control scheme for a technological process. The objective of the work is: Design a support software for Topic 3 of the Instrumentation and Controls subject, for the tuning of controllers using different criteria and the analysis of continuous time automatic regulation systems of technological processes. The AnaReg_V1 software was designed, which in the main window presents the regulation system block diagram that serves as an interface for the exchange of information, allowing to obtain the parameters of the first-order approximate model, tuning of either controllers or regulators of different types via different adjustment criteria and graph the temporal behavior of the regulation system variables. It is presented how employing AnaReg_V1 is obtained the approximated model, the tuning of an integral proportional controller according to the Ziegler-Nichols criterion and the temporary behavior of the variables of the regulation system taking as a study case the heat exchanger temperature control.

RESUMEN El creciente desarrollo en la automatización de procesos tecnológicos impone que los ingenieros de procesos conozcan aspectos básicos de los sistemas de regulación automática. En el plan E de Ingeniería Química se imparte la asignatura Instrumentación y Controles para que el egresado conciba un esquema de regulación y control para un proceso tecnológico. El objetivo del trabajo es: Diseñar un software de apoyo al Tema 3 de la asignatura Instrumentación y Controles, para el ajuste de controladores bajo diferentes criterios y el análisis de los sistemas de regulación automática de tiempo continuo de procesos tecnológicos. Se diseñó el software AnaReg_V1, el cual en la ventana principal presenta el diagrama de bloques de un sistema de regulación que sirve de interfaz para el intercambio de información, permitiendo obtener los parámetros del modelo aproximado de primer orden, ajustar controladores o reguladores de diferentes tipos bajo diferentes criterios de ajuste y graficar el comportamiento temporal de las variables del sistema de regulación. Se presenta como con AnaReg_V1 se obtiene el modelo aproximado, el ajuste de un controlador proporcional integral según el criterio Ziegler-Nichols y el comportamiento temporal de las variables del sistema de regulación tomando como caso de estudio el control de la temperatura de un intercambiador de calor.

Abstract This article presents a formulation for the optimization problem that minimizes the CO2 emission of pile caps with variations of geometry and pile position. The problem is defined by the design variables: concrete pile cap dimensions, rebar ratio, concrete compressive strength, the number of piles, the diameter, and length. The environmental impact was chosen as the objective function, taking CO2 emission as the main parameter. The design procedure was based on the ABNT NBR 6118:2014 (2014), and by the formulation proposed by Blévot & Frémy (1967). Also, the soil structure interaction between the cap and the piles was considered in the optimization problem. The problem was implemented using MATLAB (2016) and solved via a Genetic Algorithm native to the program. Results obtained from numerical examples were compared with structural designs solutions located in the Grande Vitória metropolitan area, Espírito Santo, Brazil and validated with a commercial software. The analyses indicate that design optimizations of pile caps considering the compressive strength of concrete, the diameter and length of piles and the optimal geometry of the pile caps may lead to significant reductions of material consumption, and consequently, a reduction of environmental impacts. CO position variables dimensions ratio function parameter 61182014 6118 2014 6118:201 2014, , (2014) 1967. 1967 . (1967) Also 2016 (2016 program area Santo software consumption consequently impacts 6118201 611 201 6118:20 (2014 196 (1967 (201 611820 61 20 6118:2 19 (196 (20 61182 6 2 6118: 1 (19 (2 (1 (

Abstract. One of the key features of mechanical seals is to achieve effective sealing between two mechanical parts to prevent displacement and coolant leakage in industrial applications. Currently most of these elements are produced using neoprene, compressed cardboard, tar paper, laminated graphite, so we sought to produce them using ABS and PLA materials. For the design we used CAD software with educational license intended for educators and researchers, then a finite element analysis is performed according to the specifications of the product. In this sense, the importance of FEM as an evaluation tool has been identified in the context of this trend of using innovative technologies for research. As part of the results, the data obtained allow the selection of both variables and physical properties of the connecting rod and can be used to develop projects and studies of this nature applicable in case studies related to mechanical, mechatronic, industrial and electronic engineering. Finally, the variables Factor of Safety (FS), Von Mises Stress (VM) and YZ Stress, are analyzed after simulation by FEM, providing a range of values for use in engineering applications with different techniques in which connecting rods are used, FS [ 0.55, 12.26], VM [1.63, 36.45], YZ [-1.36, 10.13]. As for the other results presented in this study, the correlation coefficient is used as a statistical part with graphs to evaluate the simulation, the dependence of variables and parameters relevant to the case study, so a strong relationship was observed between the variables; plane stress, deformation, displacement and Von Mises stress, whose values range between 0.87 and 0.99, showing a strong relationship between these variables and, for the others, it should be considered to improve the relationship and increase the coefficient.

Resumen. - Una de las características clave de los sellos mecánicos es lograr una estanqueidad efectiva entre dos piezas mecánicas para evitar el desplazamiento y las fugas de refrigerante en aplicaciones industriales. Actualmente la mayoría de estos elementos se producen utilizando neopreno, cartón comprimido, papel alquitranado, grafito laminado, por lo que buscamos producirlos utilizando materiales ABS y PLA. Para el diseño se utilizó software CAD con licencia educativa destinada a educadores e investigadores, posteriormente se realiza un análisis de elementos finitos según las especificaciones del producto. En este sentido, se ha identificado la importancia del FEM como herramienta de evaluación en el contexto de esta tendencia de utilizar tecnologías innovadoras para la investigación. Como parte de los resultados, los datos obtenidos permiten seleccionar tanto las variables como las propiedades físicas de la biela y pueden ser utilizados para desarrollar proyectos y estudios de esta naturaleza aplicables en casos de estudio relacionados con la Ingeniería mecánica, mecatrónica, industrial y electrónica. Finalmente, las variables Factor de Seguridad (FS), Von Mises Stress (VM) y YZ Stress, se analizan después de la simulación mediante FEM, proporcionando un rango de valores para su uso en aplicaciones de ingeniería con diferentes técnicas en las que se utilizan bielas, FS [ 0,55, 12,26], VM [1,63, 36,45], YZ [-1,36, 10,13]. En cuanto a los demás resultados presentados en este estudio, el coeficiente de correlación se utiliza como parte estadística con gráficos para evaluar la simulación, la dependencia de variables y parámetros relevantes para el estudio de caso, por lo que se observó una fuerte relación entre las variables; esfuerzo plano, deformación, desplazamiento y el esfuerzo de Von Mises, cuyos valores oscilan entre 0,87 y 0,99, mostrando una fuerte relación entre estas variables y, para las demás, se debe considerar mejorar la relación y aumentar el coeficiente.

Resumo No contexto atual, onde o sistema educativo quebra alguns esquemas, concebe-se a execução de um projeto de investigação na Universidade de Informática (UCI), que concebe a utilização de metodologias ativas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o desenho de uma metodologia para desenvolver a aprendizagem baseada em projetos de desenvolvimento de software, que contribua para a integração das Disciplinas do plano de estudos, tendo a Prática Profissional como espaço de integração. São utilizados métodos histórico-lógico, analítico sintético e sistemático estrutural-funcional. Descrevem-se os principais elementos da metodologia: A componente teórica e instrumental e os principais resultados obtidos após aplicação parcial. Para sua avaliação foram aplicadas consultas a especialistas e o Teste Iadov. Os resultados obtidos impactam na integração das Disciplinas da Carreira de Engenharia na Ciência da Computação.

Resumen En el actual contexto, donde el sistema educativo rompe algunos esquemas, se concibe la ejecución de un proyecto de investigación en la Universidad de las Ciencia Informáticas (UCI), el cual concibe la utilización de metodologías activas en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar el diseño de una metodología para desarrollar el aprendizaje basado en proyectos de desarrollo de software, que contribuye a la integración de las Disciplinas del plan de estudio, tomando como espacio de integración a la Práctica Profesional. Se utilizan los métodos histórico-lógico, analítico sintético y sistémico estructural funcional. Se describen los principales elementos de la metodología: aparato teórico e instrumental y se presentan los principales resultados obtenidos tras la aplicación parcial. Para su valoración se aplicó la consulta a especialistas y el Test de Iadov. Los resultados obtenidos impactan en la integración de las Disciplinas de la Carrera Ingeniería en Ciencias Informáticas.

Abstract In the current context, where the educational system breaks some schemes, the execution of a research project at the University of Informatics Sciences (UCI, by its initials in Spanish) is devised, which conceives the use of active methodologies in the teaching-learning process. This work aims to present the design of a methodology to develop learning based on software development projects, which contributes to the integration of the Disciplines of the syllabus, using Professional Practice as a space for integration. Historical-logical, synthetic analytical and systemic-structural-functional methods are used. The main elements of the methodology are described: theoretical and instrumental apparatus and the main results obtained after partial application are presented. For its assessment, consultation with specialists and the Iadov Technique were applied. The results obtained have an impact on the integration of the Disciplines of the Major Engineering in Informatics Sciences.

ABSTRACT The advanced of tecnlogies and digital transformacion has increased software development, being relevant to achieve software quality. There are numerous types of software, all of them need software engineering, but each one has its own specificities. The present work shows a bibliografic search with the objective of identifying the main software categories, which will serve as a basis for future research to propose checklists for product evaluation according to categories.

RESUMEN El avance de las tecnologías y la transformación digital ha aumentado el desarrollo de software, siendo relevante lograr la calidad de los mismos. Existen numerosos tipos de software, todos necesitan ingeniería de software, pero cada uno tiene sus propias especificidades. El presente trabajo muestra una búsqueda bibliográfica con el objetivo de identificar las principales categorías de software, que servirá de base a futuras investigaciones para proponer de listas de verificación a la evaluación de producto de acuerdo a la categoría.

Abstract This article presents the incorporation of information and communication technologies on the teaching-learning process of geotechnical engineering to improve the quality of education and provide practical knowledge to civil engineering students. The content of this paper is divided into three main modules, which are: Treatment of laboratory tests results, Slope stability and Rock mass stability. For this, some software were used, including 2D limit equilibrium stability analysis, stability analysis of rock wedges and a dynamic mathematics, to obtain and analyze soil shear strength parameters, among others. Furthermore, a digital tool was developed to analyze the results gathered in compaction, one-dimensional consolidation, and direct soil shear tests, in order to clarify the relationship between theoretical concepts and practical results of the tests and analyses and to help students on doubts, in addition to increase their interest and motivation to perform the complete interpretation of the collected data. The activities were conducted in classes of geotechnical disciplines of the undergraduate course in Civil Engineering at the Federal University of Viçosa, aiming to promote active learning and improve teaching quality. Based on the results of an applied feedback questionnaire, it was observed that most students were satisfied with the resources used in the classroom, demonstrating that the implemented digital tools work as a didactic instrument that facilitates learning and comprehension of practical problems, in addition to enabling the resolution of several geotechnical engineering problems much more quickly and efficiently. teachinglearning modules are D mathematics parameters others Furthermore compaction onedimensional one dimensional consolidation doubts data Viçosa questionnaire classroom efficiently

Abstract Improving a technical work environment encourages creativity and enhances research efforts. The conception of a modular ventilation laboratory aims at free construction and assembly of the air circuit in different shapes, sizes, and operational variations. The modules allow the development of academic experiences, automatic data acquisition from sensors, data analysis, and verification of concepts related to ventilation in underground mines. The modular ventilation laboratory uses a teaching methodology based on a playful and low-cost way to teach engineering, mainly underground mine ventilation. The aim of this work is essentially to propose the creation of a modular underground mine ventilation laboratory to facilitate engineering teaching and allow the simulation of real situations. The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) methodology was used to develop a framework for building the modular educational ventilation laboratory. This methodology encompasses project planning and studying, applying the Ventsim® software, and the design of a teaching laboratory with sensors and microcontrollers using the Internet of Things (IoT). The results involve the construction of a physical project with PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipes and connections and electronic circuits. The project presents the main parameters monitored in underground mines and foresees the simulation of scenarios, aiming to facilitate an understanding of the concepts of fluid mechanics and mining ventilation. The conclusions indicate that using simulation in pedagogical practices develops several activities that contribute to innumerable learning and expands the network of constructive meanings as a learning strategy. efforts shapes sizes variations experiences analysis lowcost low cost situations PlanDoCheckAct Plan Do Check Act PDCA (PDCA studying Ventsim software IoT. IoT . (IoT) polyvinyl chloride circuits scenarios strategy (IoT

ABSTRACT In hydrological modeling and for the development of projects related to soil and water conservation and civil engineering, determination of water infiltration variables into the soil plays a key role. However, measuring infiltration with manual infiltrometers is work-intensive and requires several people, which casts doubts on the consistency of the process description. Our objective was to develop automated and compact systems for data acquisition by double-concentric-ring and Cornell infiltrometers. The systems are based on air differential pressure sensors and microcontrollers using open-source software and a simple construction. We developed ten sets of automatic infiltrometers for each method that were properly calibrated. The equipment was validated in the field, and the alignment of the automatically measured with the hand-measured infiltration data was considered satisfactory. The proposed systems make data records of infiltration and associated variables possible, with less operator dependence than manual measurement strategies. In addition, the enhanced resolution resulting from infiltrometer automation makes the infiltration curve more representative, especially in the initial infiltration stage. engineering role However workintensive work intensive people description doubleconcentricring double concentric ring opensource open source construction calibrated field handmeasured hand satisfactory possible strategies addition representative stage

Abstract The state of Espirito Santo is the most important producer and exporter of ornamental quarry stone. In its various quarries, it uses bench heights that range from 5, 20, 50 and 100 meters. The high altitudes raise concerns about the stability of the slopes. Therefore, the study focuses on determining the value of the safety factor (SF) for these heights using the limit equilibrium method. To make this possible, the values of simple uniaxial compression, Geological Strength Index (GSI), the disturbance factor, and intact rock parameter must be obtained. To obtain the GSI, it is necessary to establish a correlation with the Rock Mass Rating, the values of which are determined using a scan line. The uniaxial compression values were treated statistically, obtaining classes at 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 Mpa. The 2D slide software was used to obtain the SF values for the respective heights. With the results obtained, these rocks do not present stability problems. The correct choice of GSI is of paramount importance for a good analysis, as it directly affects the results. Using this technique to determine safety factors is appropriate, but it is necessary to analyze more robust methods to compare the results. stone quarries 5 20 10 meters slopes Therefore (SF method possible , (GSI) obtained Rating line statistically 75 125 150 175 Mpa D problems analysis appropriate 2 1 (GSI 7 12 15 17

Abstract The consumption of coals without coking properties in coal blends for coke production is a challenge, precisely because of their lack of coking properties, and in some cases, high contents of macerals from the inertinite group, which are known to contribute to a reduction in the mechanical strength of coke when present in high size dimensions. With the constant search for the use of non-coking coal in the coal blends, the main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of increase inertinite-rich coal content in multi-component coal blends. To achieve this, selective crushing was performed to obtain 1.5 mm as the critical inertinite size for the coke’s mechanical strength, decreasing the amount of microcracks at the boundary between reactive maceral-derived components (RMDC) and inert maceral-derived components (IMDC). The microstructural characterization for the industrial metallurgical coke was studied using optical microscopy associated with image analysis (ImageJ software). It was established that a 25 % content of inertinite-rich coal addition in the blend caused systematic changes in the coke’s microstructural features, decreasing the mechanical strength. Additionally, the segmentation between RMDC and IMDC was studied to achieve better correlation from the coke’s microstructural parameters, predicting mechanical strength (DI150/15). A new equation was proposed describing both microstructural features from reactive and inert components. challenge cases group dimensions noncoking non inertiniterich rich multicomponent multi component this 15 1 5 1. cokes s maceralderived maceral derived (RMDC IMDC. . (IMDC) ImageJ software. software software) 2 Additionally parameters DI150/15. DI15015 DI DI150/15 DI150 (DI150/15) (IMDC DI1501 DI150/1 DI15 (DI150/15 DI150/ DI1 (DI150/1 (DI150/ (DI150 (DI15 (DI1 (DI