Die prosesse wat gebruik word om onroerende eiendom van verkoper na koper in Suid-Afrika oor te dra, is verouderd en nie outomaties nie. Dokumente in papierformaat verhoog die risiko vir bedrog en wanvoorstellings. Hierdie artikel oorweeg die implementering van 'n wolkgebaseerde, gesentraliseerde databasis met eiendomsaanvoerkettingvennote, om deursigtigheid, omkeertyd en sekuriteit te verbeter, terwyl die risiko en koste geminimaliseer word. Die digitalisering van eiendomsprosesse sou lei tot die dematerialisering van die titelbewys, en nie bloot outomatisering van die papiergebaseerde stelsel nie. Die kwalitatiewe navorsing was verkennend, en halfgestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met rolspelers betrokke by eiendomsoordragte in Suid-Afrika. Dit het die Suid-Afrikaanse Reserwebank, die Departement van Landbou, Grondhervorming en Landelike Ontwikkeling, die Prokureursorde van Suid-Afrika, verbandopstellers, Die Bankvereniging, die Departement van Binnelandse Sake, die registrateur van die aktekantoor, die landmeter-generaal, munisipaliteite, sagtewaremaatskappye, die Nasionale Tesourie, Suid-Afrika se Sentrale Sekuriteitebewaarplek, sowel as die Tshwane Munisipaliteit se Raad, ingesluit.

The processes used to transfer immovable property from a seller to a buyer in South Africa are outdated and not digitised. Paper-based documents increase the risk of fraud and misrepresentation. This study considered the implementation of a cloud-based centralised database for property supply chain partners to enhance transparency, turnaround times, and security while minimising risks and costs. Digitalised property processes would result in title deeds' dematerialisation and not merely the automation of the paper-based system. This qualitative study was exploratory, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with role-players involved with property transfers in South Africa. These included the South African Reserve Bank, the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, the Law Society of South Africa, mortgage originators, The Banking Association, the Department of Home Affairs, the Registrar of each Deeds Office, the Surveyor General's office, municipalities, software companies, National Treasury, South Africa's Central Securities Depository (Strate Ltd), and the Tshwane Mettropolitan Municipal Council.

ABSTRACT The growing development in the automation of technological processes requires process engineers to know basic aspects of automatic regulation systems. In Plan E of Chemical Engineering, the subject Instrumentation and Controls is taught so that the graduate can conceive a regulation and control scheme for a technological process. The objective of the work is: Design a support software for Topic 3 of the Instrumentation and Controls subject, for the tuning of controllers using different criteria and the analysis of continuous time automatic regulation systems of technological processes. The AnaReg_V1 software was designed, which in the main window presents the regulation system block diagram that serves as an interface for the exchange of information, allowing to obtain the parameters of the first-order approximate model, tuning of either controllers or regulators of different types via different adjustment criteria and graph the temporal behavior of the regulation system variables. It is presented how employing AnaReg_V1 is obtained the approximated model, the tuning of an integral proportional controller according to the Ziegler-Nichols criterion and the temporary behavior of the variables of the regulation system taking as a study case the heat exchanger temperature control.

RESUMEN El creciente desarrollo en la automatización de procesos tecnológicos impone que los ingenieros de procesos conozcan aspectos básicos de los sistemas de regulación automática. En el plan E de Ingeniería Química se imparte la asignatura Instrumentación y Controles para que el egresado conciba un esquema de regulación y control para un proceso tecnológico. El objetivo del trabajo es: Diseñar un software de apoyo al Tema 3 de la asignatura Instrumentación y Controles, para el ajuste de controladores bajo diferentes criterios y el análisis de los sistemas de regulación automática de tiempo continuo de procesos tecnológicos. Se diseñó el software AnaReg_V1, el cual en la ventana principal presenta el diagrama de bloques de un sistema de regulación que sirve de interfaz para el intercambio de información, permitiendo obtener los parámetros del modelo aproximado de primer orden, ajustar controladores o reguladores de diferentes tipos bajo diferentes criterios de ajuste y graficar el comportamiento temporal de las variables del sistema de regulación. Se presenta como con AnaReg_V1 se obtiene el modelo aproximado, el ajuste de un controlador proporcional integral según el criterio Ziegler-Nichols y el comportamiento temporal de las variables del sistema de regulación tomando como caso de estudio el control de la temperatura de un intercambiador de calor.

Resumen: Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de una herramienta de cálculo de los residuos de los modos críticos de oscilación para un sistema eléctrico, utilizando datos del análisis modal de PowerFactory de DIgSILENT. El problema planteado es de gran importancia en los sistemas eléctricos actuales, los cuales se caracterizan por operar sus elementos al límite y si estas oscilaciones, no son adecuadamente amortiguadas, pueden causar fallas en la generación al reducir el nivel de estabilidad del sistema. PowerFactory es una herramienta de ingeniería para analizar sistemas eléctricos, utilizado ampliamente en la industria e investigación. Este software cuenta con un lenguaje propio de programación, a saber, DIgSILENT Programming Language (DPL), el cual permite procesar variables de interés desde el análisis modal, mismas que pueden ser usadas en otros dispositivos del sistema, como son los estabilizadores de sistemas de potencia (PSS). Mediante programación de las variables de interés, se calcula el residuo de los modos críticos de oscilación. Así, el cálculo del residuo requiere del procesamiento de la matriz de estados A facilitada directamente por PowerFactory y de la construcción de las matrices de las variables de entrada B y salida C, respectivamente, por medio de programación DPL para diferentes escenarios operativos del sistema eléctrico de potencia. La metodología de cálculo se ha aplicado a sistemas eléctricos disponibles en la literatura especializada en estabilidad oscilatoria en la cual se aplica la herramienta para observar la dinámica de los modos de oscilación con y sin PSS, siendo estos últimos sintonizados mediante el residuo calculado.

Abstract: This paper presents the development of a tool to calculate the residue of the critical oscillation modes for an electrical system obtained through the DIgSILENTs PowerFactory modal analysis tool. This problem is essential in current electrical systems that are characterized by operating their elements at the limit, and if these oscillations are not adequately damped, they can cause generator failures by reducing their level of stability, making the system vulnerable. PowerFactory is an engineering tool to analyze electrical systems, widely used in industry and research. This software has its own programming language, DIgSILENT Programming Language (DPL), providing the capability to process variables of interest from the modal analysis, which can be used in other system devices, such as power system stabilizers (PSS). The residue of the critical oscillation modes can be calculated by programming the variables of interest. Consequently, the calculation of residue requires the processing of the state matrix A provided directly by PowerFactory, whereas it is possible to construct the matrices of the input variables B and output variables C, respectively, by means of DPL programming for different operating scenarios of the electrical power system. The calculation methodology has been applied to electrical systems from the literature specialized in oscillatory stability. The tool is applied to observe the dynamics of the oscillation modes both with and without PSS, the latter being tuned by the calculated residues.

Resumo No contexto atual, onde o sistema educativo quebra alguns esquemas, concebe-se a execução de um projeto de investigação na Universidade de Informática (UCI), que concebe a utilização de metodologias ativas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o desenho de uma metodologia para desenvolver a aprendizagem baseada em projetos de desenvolvimento de software, que contribua para a integração das Disciplinas do plano de estudos, tendo a Prática Profissional como espaço de integração. São utilizados métodos histórico-lógico, analítico sintético e sistemático estrutural-funcional. Descrevem-se os principais elementos da metodologia: A componente teórica e instrumental e os principais resultados obtidos após aplicação parcial. Para sua avaliação foram aplicadas consultas a especialistas e o Teste Iadov. Os resultados obtidos impactam na integração das Disciplinas da Carreira de Engenharia na Ciência da Computação.

Resumen En el actual contexto, donde el sistema educativo rompe algunos esquemas, se concibe la ejecución de un proyecto de investigación en la Universidad de las Ciencia Informáticas (UCI), el cual concibe la utilización de metodologías activas en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar el diseño de una metodología para desarrollar el aprendizaje basado en proyectos de desarrollo de software, que contribuye a la integración de las Disciplinas del plan de estudio, tomando como espacio de integración a la Práctica Profesional. Se utilizan los métodos histórico-lógico, analítico sintético y sistémico estructural funcional. Se describen los principales elementos de la metodología: aparato teórico e instrumental y se presentan los principales resultados obtenidos tras la aplicación parcial. Para su valoración se aplicó la consulta a especialistas y el Test de Iadov. Los resultados obtenidos impactan en la integración de las Disciplinas de la Carrera Ingeniería en Ciencias Informáticas.

Abstract In the current context, where the educational system breaks some schemes, the execution of a research project at the University of Informatics Sciences (UCI, by its initials in Spanish) is devised, which conceives the use of active methodologies in the teaching-learning process. This work aims to present the design of a methodology to develop learning based on software development projects, which contributes to the integration of the Disciplines of the syllabus, using Professional Practice as a space for integration. Historical-logical, synthetic analytical and systemic-structural-functional methods are used. The main elements of the methodology are described: theoretical and instrumental apparatus and the main results obtained after partial application are presented. For its assessment, consultation with specialists and the Iadov Technique were applied. The results obtained have an impact on the integration of the Disciplines of the Major Engineering in Informatics Sciences.

Abstract: Facing a scenario of unavoidable changes and a society that promotes the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), the hybrid modality seeks to optimize traditional and virtual education. Therefore, the objective of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of hybrid classes for the development of competencies in the subject of Quality Control in agro-industrial engineering students at a public university in Peru. Seventeen students enrolled in the 2022-I academic semester participated, who attended the hybrid classes through rotating and simultaneous classes, using synchronous technology (videoconference system with Zoom Rooms software) and asynchronous technology (Microsoft Teams). The instrument used was a 40-question Pedagogical Test of the Quality Control subject, divided into four dimensions that assess capabilities and was applied before and after the study. The results showed noticeable values, reaching learning levels of expected (47.1%), process (41.2%), expected (35.3%) and outstanding (47.1%) for the first, second, third and fourth ability, respectively. It is concluded that the hybrid classes were effective for the development of subject competencies with a p<0.05, which evidenced a significant difference between pretest and posttest. Likewise, 35.3% of students were in process and expected learning levels and 11.8% remained in beginning learning levels. Thus, there is a need for improvement in ICT access to continue strengthening the application of the hybrid modality.

Resumo: Em um cenário de mudanças inevitáveis e em uma sociedade que promove o uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), a modalidade híbrida busca otimizar o ensino tradicional e virtual. Por esse motivo, o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a eficácia das aulas híbridas para o desenvolvimento de competências na disciplina de Controle de Qualidade em alunos de engenharia agroindustrial de uma universidade pública do Peru. Participaram 17 alunos matriculados no semestre acadêmico de 2022-I, que assistiram às aulas híbridas por meio de aulas rotativas e simultâneas, com o uso de tecnologia síncrona (sistema de videoconferência com o software Zoom Rooms) e tecnologia assíncrona (Microsoft Teams). O instrumento utilizado foi um Teste Pedagógico de 40 perguntas da disciplina de Controle de Qualidade, dividido em quatro dimensões que avaliam as habilidades e foi aplicado antes e depois do estudo. Os resultados expressaram valores apreciáveis, atingindo níveis de aprendizado de esperado (47,1%), processo (41,2%), esperado (35,3%) e excelente (47,1%) para a primei- ra, segunda, terceira e quarta habilidade, respectivamente. Conclui-se que as aulas híbridas foram eficazes no desenvolvimento das competências da disciplina com um p<0,05, o que evidenciou uma diferença significativa entre o pré-teste e o pós-teste. Da mesma forma, 35,3% dos alunos estavam nos níveis de aprendizado esperado e de processo e 11,8% permaneceram nos níveis de aprendizado inicial. Dessa forma, fica evidente a necessidade de melhorias no acesso às TICs para fortalecer ainda mais a aplicação da modalidade híbrida.

Resumen: Ante un escenario de cambios ineludibles y una sociedad promotora del uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC), la modalidad híbrida busca optimizar la enseñanza tradicional y virtual. Por ello, la investigación tuvo por objetivo, evaluar la eficacia de las clases híbridas para el desarrollo de competencias de la asignatura de Control de Calidad en estudiantes de ingeniería agroindustrial de una universidad pública del Perú. Participaron 17 estudiantes matriculados en el semestre académico 2022-I, quienes asistieron a las clases híbridas mediante el tipo de clases rotativas y simultáneas, con uso de tecnología sincrónica (sistema de videoconferencia con software Zoom Rooms) y asincrónica (Microsoft Teams). El instrumento utilizado fue una Prueba Pedagógica de la Asignatura Control de Calidad de 40 preguntas, disgregada en cuatro dimensiones que evalúa capacidades y fue aplicada antes y después del estudio. Los resultados expresaron valores apreciables, alcanzando niveles de aprendizaje de esperado (47.1%), proceso (41.2%), esperado (35.3%) y destacado (47.1%) para la primera, segunda, tercera y cuarta capacidad, respectivamente. Se concluye que las clases híbridas fueron eficaces para el desarrollo de las competencias de la asignatura con un p<0.05, el cual evidenció una diferencia significativa entre el pretest y postest. Asimismo, un 35.3% de estudiantes se ubicó en niveles de aprendizaje de proceso y esperado y un 11.8% permaneció en niveles de aprendizaje en inicio. De esta manera, se manifiesta la necesidad de mejoras en el acceso de TIC para seguir fortaleciendo la aplicación de la modalidad híbrida.

ABSTRACT The present work is carried out taking into account the results of the application of diagnostic The present study considers the results of the application of diagnostic instruments: the observation of the teaching and learning process of Software Engineering in the Computer Engineering career in the University of Ciego de Ávila, a questionnaire to students and an interview with professors; where limitations revealed the solution of tasks that require the autonomous enrichment of knowledge. The application of scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, inductive, deductive and information systematization, allowed to verify theoretical deficiencies for the transformation of this process. Therefore, the objective is aimed at developing a model about the dynamics of the student's self-training in the teaching and learning process of Software Engineering, by considering the relationship between self-appropriation of content and self-awareness. In general, an investigation was developed with an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory (mixed) methodological approach. The autonomous training model is materialized in theoretical-practical interactivity, from the logical integration that occurs between the self-appropriation of content and the self-awareness that the student achieves in the formative systematization. The impact of the proposal is expressed in its application in the construction of practical contributions for its implementation in the teaching practice.

RESUMEN El presente trabajo se realiza teniendo en cuenta los resultados de la aplicación de instrumentos diagnósticos: observación al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la Ingeniería de Software en la carrera Ingeniería Informática de la Universidad de Ciego de Ávila, cuestionario a estudiantes y entrevista a profesores; donde se revelan limitaciones para la solución de tareas que requieren del enriquecimiento autónomo del conocimiento. La aplicación de métodos científicos como análisis, síntesis, inductivo, deductivo y de sistematización de información, posibilitó constatar carencias teóricas para la transformación del proceso. Por tanto, el objetivo se direcciona a elaborar un modelo de la dinámica del proceso de autoformación del estudiante en la enseñanza aprendizaje de la Ingeniería de Software, teniendo en cuenta la relación entre la auto-apropiación de contenidos y la auto-concientización. En general, se desarrolló una investigación con un enfoque metodológico exploratorio, descriptivo y explicativo (mixto). El modelo de autoformación obtenido se concreta en la interactividad teórico práctica, desde la lógica integradora que se produce entre la auto-apropiación de contenidos y la auto-concientización que logra el estudiante en la sistematización formativa. El impacto de la propuesta se expresa en su aplicación en la construcción de aportes prácticos para su instrumentación en la práctica docente.

Resumen La Carrera de Ingeniería en Computación del Tecnológico de Costa Rica ejecuta un Plan Piloto de Formación Vinculada con Empresas, por lo que en la asignatura de Aseguramiento de la calidad del software el estudiantado diseñó y ejecutó un plan de pruebas en un proyecto de software auténtico y real de una empresa con la estrategia del aprendizaje basada en proyectos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la puesta en práctica de la metodología de aprendizaje basada en proyectos en el curso de Aseguramiento de la calidad del software y conocer la percepción del alumnado sobre el proceso desarrollado. En la presente investigación se aplicó un proceso metodológico mediante el enfoque cuantitativo, se trabajó con una población de 50 estudiantes, a los que se le aplicó una encuesta digital. Los datos fueron analizados con un análisis estadístico descriptivo, un análisis correlacional y una prueba no paramétrica. Los resultados indican que se implementó pertinentemente la estrategia en una modalidad 100% virtual. Además, la opinión expresada por el estudiantado es buena y en su mayoría recomendarían la estrategia educativa.

Abstract The Computer Engineering Major at the Tecnológico de Costa Rica conducts a program called the Pilot Plan for Business-Linked Training. For this reason, in the Software Quality Assurance course, a test plan was designed and used by students in an authentic and real software project of a company with a project-based learning strategy. Regarding the objective of this research, it consisted of presenting the implementation of the project-based learning methodology in the Software Quality Assurance course and knowing the perception of the students about the developed process. Moreover, the researcher applied a methodological process through the quantitative approach and worked with a population of 50 students, to whom the investigator applied a digital survey. Thus, the author studied the data through a descriptive statistical analysis, a correlational analysis, and a non-parametric test. The results indicated that the strategy was properly implemented in a 100% virtual modality. In addition, the opinion expressed by the students was positive and, for the most part, they recommend the educational strategy.

The processes used to transfer immovable property from a seller to a buyer in South Africa are outdated and not digitised. Paper-based documents increase the risk of fraud and misrepresentation. This study considered the implementation of a cloud-based centralised database for property supply chain partners to enhance transparency, turnaround times, and security while minimising risks and costs. Digitalised property processes would result in title deeds' dematerialisation and not merely the automation of the paper-based system. This qualitative study was exploratory, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with role-players involved with property transfers in South Africa. These included the South African Reserve Bank, the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, the Law Society of South Africa, mortgage originators, The Banking Association, the Department of Home Affairs, the Registrar of each Deeds Office, the Surveyor General's office, municipalities, software companies, National Treasury, South Africa's Central Securities Depository (Strate Ltd), and the Tshwane Mettropolitan Municipal Council.

Die prosesse wat gebruik word om onroerende eiendom van verkoper na koper in Suid-Afrika oor te dra, is verouderd en nie outomaties nie. Dokumente in papierformaat verhoog die risiko vir bedrog en wanvoorstellings. Hierdie artikel oorweeg die implementering van 'n wolkgebaseerde, gesentraliseerde databasis met eiendomsaanvoerkettingvennote, om deursigtigheid, omkeertyd en sekuriteit te verbeter, terwyl die risiko en koste geminimaliseer word. Die digitalisering van eiendomsprosesse sou lei tot die dematerialisering van die titelbewys, en nie bloot outomatisering van die papiergebaseerde stelsel nie. Die kwalitatiewe navorsing was verkennend, en halfgestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met rolspelers betrokke by eiendomsoordragte in Suid-Afrika. Dit het die Suid-Afrikaanse Reserwebank, die Departement van Landbou, Grondhervorming en Landelike Ontwikkeling, die Prokureursorde van Suid-Afrika, verbandopstellers, Die Bankvereniging, die Departement van Binnelandse Sake, die registrateur van die aktekantoor, die landmeter-generaal, munisipaliteite, sagtewaremaatskappye, die Nasionale Tesourie, Suid-Afrika se Sentrale Sekuriteitebewaarplek, sowel as die Tshwane Munisipaliteit se Raad, ingesluit.

The problem that necessitated this study was that some furnaces that were responsible for the further processing of steel pipes at Company X were not connected to a programmable logic control (PLC)-Internet of Things (loT) system. This slowed down the product flow. To address this problem, PLC-IoT systems were integrated so that the production system could be more effective. This study therefore models and simulates the integrated PLC-IoT control system, using the system dynamics modelling approach to investigate the performance of the automated gas furnaces. The PLC-IoT consists of an internal module that is used to process the data stream. After the implementation of the proposed control system, primary data was acquired by continuously evaluating the performance of the system. The research methodology used involved quantitative analysis and a simulation model using the Anylogic software. The result of the delivery and inventory of ingots from an automated system showed an upward trend with delivery and an inventory of an ingot at about 90 minutes; while a system that was not automated with PLC-IoT showed a downward trend of ingots. This shows that the introduction of the PLC-IoT for control makes the system more effective. The findings of this work could assist the manufacturers in achieving manufacturing or production efficiency, significant time savings, and better monitoring of the manufacturing process.

Die probleem wat hierdie studie genoodsaak het, was dat sommige oonde wat verantwoordelik was vir die verdere verwerking van staalpype by Maatskappy X nie aan 'n programmeerbare logiese beheer (PLC)-Internet of Things (IoT) stelsel gekoppel was nie. Dit het die produkvloei vertraag. Om hierdie probleem aan te spreek, is PLC-IoT-stelsels geïntegreer sodat die produksiestelsel meer effektief kon wees. Hierdie studie modelleer en simuleer dus die geïntegreerde PLC-IoT-beheerstelsel, deur die stelseldinamika-modelleringsbenadering te gebruik om die werkverrigting van die outomatiese gasoonde te ondersoek. Die PLC-IoT bestaan uit 'n interne module wat gebruik word om die datastroom te verwerk. Na die implementering van die voorgestelde beheerstelsel is primêre data verkry deur die werkverrigting van die stelsel voortdurend te evalueer. Die navorsingsmetodologie wat gebruik is, het kwantitatiewe analise en 'n simulasiemodel met behulp van die Anylogic-sagteware behels. Die resultaat van die aflewering en voorraad van blokke vanaf 'n outomatiese stelsel het 'n opwaartse neiging getoon met aflewering en 'n voorraad van 'n blokke op ongeveer 90 minute; terwyl 'n stelsel wat nie met PLC-IoT geoutomatiseer is nie, 'n afwaartse neiging van ingots getoon het. Dit wys dat die bekendstelling van die PLC-IoT vir beheer die stelsel meer effektief maak. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie kan die vervaardigers help om vervaardigings- of produksiedoeltreffendheid, aansienlike tydbesparings en beter monitering van die vervaardigingsproses te bereik.

Resumo Dominar os conceitos fundamentais de programação e sua aplicação na resolução de problemas é percebido por estudantes universitários, professores e pesquisadores como um processo difícil na área de computação. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise dos resultados da aplicação de uma metodologia construcionista de ensino e aprendizagem mediada pela ferramenta Scratch. A pesquisa foi realizada na disciplina Algoritmos ministrada na graduação em Engenharia de Software oferecida na Unidade Multidisciplinar de Tizimín. O estudo utilizou o paradigma quantitativo, com perspectiva experimental e abordagem longitudinal. Trabalhamos com uma amostra não probabilística composta por alunos que cursaram a referida disciplina. Os resultados indicam que a metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem implementada através do uso do Scratch é diferente do método tradicional que vinha sendo utilizado. Isso se refletiu após a análise estatística realizada dos dados obtidos, que foi avaliada com base em três aspectos: a média das notas, o número de aprovados versus reprovados e o nível de domínio da matéria. Com base nas evidências do estudo, conclui-se que o caminho proposto é mais simples e eficaz para a assimilação, apropriação e aplicação dos conceitos básicos de programação, o que auxilia o aluno a ter melhor desempenho na disciplina de Algoritmos.

Abstract The mastery of fundamental programming concepts and their application in problem solving is identified by university students, teachers, and researchers as a difficult process in the area of computing. The objective of this paper is to present an analysis of the results of the application of a constructionist teaching-learning methodology mediated by the programming environment Scratch. The research was conducted in the subject of Algorithmics taught in the Bachelor’s Degree in Software Engineering offered by the Autonomous University of Yucatan (Uady) at the Tizimin Multidisciplinary Unit, located in Tizimin, Yucatan, Mexico. The study used the quantitative paradigm under an experimental perspective with a longitudinal approach and worked with a non-probabilistic sample, which was made up of all the students who took the aforementioned subject. The results indicate that the implemented teaching and learning methodology is differentiating from the traditional method that had been used, conclusion reached after the statistical analysis of the data obtained, which were evaluated in terms of three aspects: the average of the grades, the pass versus fail rate, and the level of mastery on the subject. Based on the evidence of the study, it is concluded that the proposed pathway is simpler and more effective for the assimilation, appropriation and application of basic programming concepts, which helps students to perform better in the subject of Algorithmics.

Resumen El dominio de los conceptos fundamentales de programación y su aplicación en la solución de problemas es percibido por estudiantes universitarios, docentes e investigadores como un proceso difícil del área de la computación. Por ende, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar un análisis de los resultados de la aplicación de una metodología construccionista de enseñanza y aprendizaje mediada por la herramienta Scratch. La investigación se realizó en la asignatura Algoritmia que se imparte en la licenciatura en Ingeniería de Software ofertada en la Unidad Multidisciplinaria Tizimín. El estudio empleó el paradigma cuantitativo, con una perspectiva experimental y enfoque longitudinal. Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística que estuvo conformada por los alumnos que cursaron la citada materia. Los resultados indican que la metodología de enseñanza y aprendizaje implementada mediante el uso de Scratch es diferenciadora respecto al método tradicional que se venía empleando. Esto se reflejó después del análisis estadístico realizado a los datos obtenidos, los cuales fueron evaluados en función de tres aspectos: el promedio de las calificaciones, la cantidad de aprobados versus reprobados y el nivel de dominio de la asignatura. Con base en las evidencias del estudio se concluye que el camino propuesto es más simple y efectivo para la asimilación, apropiación y aplicación de los conceptos básicos de programación, lo cual ayuda al estudiante a tener un mejor rendimiento en la materia Algoritmia.

Positive consideration of software engineering codes of ethics by computing educators promotes inclusion in the teaching of software development courses. For computing educators, this is significant because they contribute immensely to the development of software engineering graduates, not only in terms of teaching technical skills but also in ethical development. This study aims to investigate the perceived importance of codes of ethics by lecturers who teach software development courses at a University of Technology in South Africa. The data was collected using an online survey from 103 educators from two computing departments in a South African UoT; 44 responses were received. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to evaluate the responses; the Pearson Chi-square test was applied to assess the level of association between variables of interest for more conclusive results in addressing the objective of the study. The results of this study indicated that the majority of participants were males; female participants amounted only to 18.2 per cent. Results also reported that most participants agreed with all the statements tested to determine the perceived importance of Software Engineering Codes of Ethics to educators. In addition, an association was presented between the importance of a software engineering code of ethics to an educator and three other variables (the need to teach students about ethical behaviour, an obligation for software engineers to consider the ethical implications of their systems and sex of the respondents) respectively. This study recommended that institutions of higher learning consider finding permanent ways of inculcating a culture of ethical conduct into its staff members, encouraging educators to take up professional memberships with professional bodies. These measures will ensure that software development educators are trained to maintain high standards within their profession, embracing the use and adherence to a code of ethics in the teaching of software development courses.

The present work is carried out taking into account the results of the application of diagnostic The present study considers the results of the application of diagnostic instruments: the observation of the teaching and learning process of Software Engineering in the Computer Engineering career in the University of Ciego de Ávila, a questionnaire to students and an interview with professors; where limitations revealed the solution of tasks that require the autonomous enrichment of knowledge. The application of scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, inductive, deductive and information systematization, allowed to verify theoretical deficiencies for the transformation of this process. Therefore, the objective is aimed at developing a model about the dynamics of the student's self-training in the teaching and learning process of Software Engineering, by considering the relationship between self-appropriation of content and self-awareness. In general, an investigation was developed with an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory (mixed) methodological approach. The autonomous training model is materialized in theoretical-practical interactivity, from the logical integration that occurs between the self-appropriation of content and the self-awareness that the student achieves in the formative systematization. The impact of the proposal is expressed in its application in the construction of practical contributions for its implementation in the teaching practice.

El presente trabajo se realiza teniendo en cuenta los resultados de la aplicación de instrumentos diagnósticos: observación al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la Ingeniería de Software en la carrera Ingeniería Informática de la Universidad de Ciego de Ávila, cuestionario a estudiantes y entrevista a profesores; donde se revelan limitaciones para la solución de tareas que requieren del enriquecimiento autónomo del conocimiento. La aplicación de métodos científicos como análisis, síntesis, inductivo, deductivo y de sistematización de información, posibilitó constatar carencias teóricas para la transformación del proceso. Por tanto, el objetivo se direcciona a elaborar un modelo de la dinámica del proceso de autoformación del estudiante en la enseñanza aprendizaje de la Ingeniería de Software, teniendo en cuenta la relación entre la auto-apropiación de contenidos y la auto-concientización. En general, se desarrolló una investigación con un enfoque metodológico exploratorio, descriptivo y explicativo (mixto). El modelo de autoformación obtenido se concreta en la interactividad teórico práctica, desde la lógica integradora que se produce entre la auto-apropiación de contenidos y la auto-concientización que logra el estudiante en la sistematización formativa. El impacto de la propuesta se expresa en su aplicación en la construcción de aportes prácticos para su instrumentación en la práctica docente.

O presente trabalho é realizado tendo em conta os resultados da aplicação de instrumentos de diagnóstico: observação do processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Engenharia de Software na carreira de Engenharia Informática da Universidade de Ciego de Ávila, questionário aos alunos e entrevista aos professores; onde se revelam limitações para a resolução de tarefas que requerem o enriquecimento autónomo do conhecimento. A aplicação de métodos científicos como análise, síntese, indutivo, dedutivo e sistematização da informação, permitiu verificar deficiências teóricas para a transformação do processo. Portanto, objetiva-se desenvolver um modelo da dinâmica do processo de autoformação do aluno no ensino-aprendizagem da Engenharia de Software, levando em consideração a relação entre autoapropriação de conteúdo e autoconhecimento. Em geral, desenvolveu-se uma investigação com abordagem metodológica exploratória, descritiva e explicativa (mista). O modelo de autoformação obtido materializa-se na interatividade teórico-prática, a partir da lógica integradora que se dá entre a autoapropriação dos conteúdos e a autoconsciência que o aluno alcança na sistematização formativa. O impacto da proposta se expressa em sua aplicação na construção de contribuições práticas para sua implementação na prática docente.

Maintenance of rail infrastructure is an important element in rail operations to keep traffic moving. However, maintenance causes infrastructure to be taken out of service, which impacts traffic flow. In this study, the requirements of a maintenance possession scheduler for a South African application were investigated and a proposed solution was developed. The main objective of the scheduler was to minimise the deviation of the train service on a subset of rail infrastructure while ensuring that the required maintenance was done. An application case -the railway infrastructure between Bellville and Wellington in the Western Cape province of South Africa - was identified. A novel mixed-integer linear programming model that could do possession scheduling for 24 hours on a microscopic level was formulated for this case, and implemented in the software Cplex, after which it was validated. Finally, several experiments were conducted to investigate the model's performance and the results. It was found that the model delivered optimal results in less than nine minutes, which makes it a feasible maintenance possession scheduler for day-to-day work in the immediate planning horizon.

Instandhouding van spoorinfrastruktuur is 'n belangrike element in spoorwegoperasies ten einde verkeervloei te verseker. Instandhouding veroorsaak egter dat infrastruktuur uit diens geneem word wat verkeer weer belemmer. In hierdie studie was die vereistes van 'n besitskeduleerder vir instandhouding vir 'n Suid-Afrikaanse toepassing ondersoek, en die voorgestelde oplossing was daarna ontwikkel. Die hoofdoelwit van die skeduleerder was om die afwykings van die treindiens te minimeer op 'n gedeelte van spoorinfrastruktuur terwyl verseker word dat die nodige instandhouding gedoen word. 'n Gevallestudie vir toepassing van 'n besitskeduleerder vir instandhouding is identifiseer as die spoorweginfrastruktuur tussen Bellville en Wellington in die Wes-Kaap provinsie van Suid-Afrika. 'n Nuwe gemengde heeltal-lineêre programmeringmodel was geformuleer vir hierdie gevallestudie en in die programmatuur Cplex implementeer, waarna dit gevalideer is. Die model kan besitskedulering vir 24 uur doen op mikrovlak. Verskeie eksperimente is uitgevoer om die prestasie en resultate van die model waar te neem. Dit is bevind dat die model optimale resultate in minder as nege minute kon lewer, wat dit 'n aanvaarbare instandhouding besitskeduleerder maak vir dag-tot-dag werk in die nabye beplanningshorison.

A new technique and its software implementation are presented to create a deeply semantically structured ontology using plain natural language text as input, without regular structure or any previous tagging and markup. The new approach is primarily aimed at highly inflectional languages, and is implemented for Ukrainian. The automatically created ontologies (in OWL) could be easily converted to other graph databases formats, such as Neo4j, and were successfully evaluated as valid ontologies using Protégé, RDFlib and Neo4j environments. An integrated approach is proposed for the development of natural language dialogue systems driven by the ontology-related graph database using the Cypher language for the formal queries. The original phrases are subject to a special method of semantic analysis, which determines the type of formal query to the database. The essence of the analysis is that the text of the user's phrase goes through a series of checks. Based on their results, a set of basic templates for the formal requests are determined, as well as additional constructions that are attached to the basic template. Some of the checks may also return the notion of substitution to certain specified positions of the formal query. Formal queries can return both contexts and lists of ontology concepts. In addition to concepts, queries can also return information about specific semantic predicates that connect them, which simplifies the synthesis of natural language responses. The synthesis of answers is based on special templates, the choice of which is directly related to the corresponding template of the formal query. CATEGORIES: · Information systems ~ Information retrieval, Document representation, Ontologies

Abstract This article explores the treatment and conversion of the semiotic representation registers mobilized by agronomy engineering students about the mathematical object 'definite integral' when they try to appropriate its meaning, supported using GeoGebra. With the support of the Theory of Semiotic Representation Register and a qualitative analysis of a case study, the developments generated by the students in the task of modeling the definite integral of a contextualized situation are shown. Within the results it is identified that the use of the software supported, mainly, the mediation between the tabular and graphic treatment, and in turn, the conversion of these to an algebraic language outside the computer.

Resumen Este artículo explora el tratamiento y la conversión de los registros de representación semiótica que movilizan estudiantes de ingeniería en agronomía acerca del objeto matemático ‘integral definida’ cuando tratan de apropiarse de su significado, apoyándose con el uso de GeoGebra. Con el sustento de la Teoría de Registro de Representación Semiótica y un análisis de carácter cualitativo de un estudio de caso, se muestran los desarrollos generados por los estudiantes a la tarea de modelar la integral definida de una situación contextualizada. Dentro de los resultados se identifica que el uso del software apoyó, principalmente, a la mediación entre el tratamiento tabular y gráfico, y a su vez, la conversión de estos a un lenguaje algebraico fuera del computador.