Climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) agendas converge in their priorities to reduce social vulnerability and enhance resilience in the face of climate change. However, they are often treated separately in practice and in local government plans. In South Africa, while municipalities are legally mandated to develop Integrated Development Plans (IDPs) and Disaster Management Plans (DMPs), this is not the case for CCA. In this study, we assessed the engagement with, and linkages between, CCA and DRR in 20 local municipalities from contrasting socio-economic contexts in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa by conducting an analysis of their IDPs, DMPs and any plans or strategies pertaining to CCA. Our results show that none of the municipalities had separate CCA strategies, with only two municipalities complying with the mandate to have DMPs. While municipalities mostly included CCA- and DRR-related activities in their IDPs, there were no explicit linkages made between the two approaches. Apparent was the prioritisation of bolstering infrastructure with little attention towards addressing social vulnerability and building resilience. Overall, little has been done to prioritise or link CCA and DRR at the local government level, especially in the context of addressing social vulnerability and building resilience. These findings suggest the need for South Africa to implement and promulgate legal instruments, policies and resources to capacitate local municipalities in mainstreaming and integrating CCA and DRR. SIGNIFICANCE: • This study highlights that, while CCA and DRR converge in theoretical frameworks and international and national policies, little has been done to link the two at the local government level in South Africa. • Overall, findings indicate that social vulnerability reduction and resilience building are still not recognised as important aspects of CCA and DRR. • Local municipalities prioritise technical solutions and infrastructure maintenance, with little attention to development and structural causes of vulnerability. • Support, in terms of resources, is needed to capacitate local municipalities in (1) linking CCA and DRR and (2) reducing social vulnerability and building resilience.

RESUMEN Este trabajo analizó la importancia de integrar las políticas de reducción de riesgos de desastres y la adaptación al cambio climático en los planes de desarrollo socio-económico de los municipios costeros en Cuba. Para ello se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica para localizar las principales fuentes teóricas y bibliográficas sobre reducción de riesgos de desastres, adaptación al cambio climático, municipios costeros y políticas gubernamentales y triangularlas para crear una herramienta de integración en cuatro fases. Esta herramienta permitirá perfeccionar los planes de desarrollo territorial y hacerlos más efectivos, a la vez que potenciará una visión integrada de la reducción de riesgo de desastre y la adaptación al cambio climático como base fundamental para la sostenibilidad de las intervenciones de desarrollo en Cuba.

ABSTRACT This paper analyzed the importance of integrating disaster risk reduction and climate change adapting policies into the socio-economic development plans of coastal municipalities in Cuba. To this end, a literature review was carried out to locate the main theoretical and bibliographical sources on Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation, coastal municipalities and government policies and triangulate them to create a four-phase integration tool. This tool will improve the territorial development plans and make them more effective while promoting an integrated vision of disaster risk reduction and adapting to climate change as a fundamental basis for the sustainability of development in Cuba.

Resumo Este estudo objetiva analisar os retratos da desigualdade socioeconômica de três Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) nos anos de 2010 e 2019. Para tal, foram coletados dados primários, qualitativos e quantitativos, e secundários de três ZEIS da cidade de Fortaleza-CE. Reconhecendo a necessidade de ampliação da análise da desigualdade para além dos rendimentos individuais, foram investigadas as infraestruturas de ativos físicos, humanos, sociais e ambientais presentes nas ZEIS. Os resultados revelam que a ausência de serviços públicos e a pobreza crônica presentes nas ZEIS alimentam um processo de manutenção de desigualdades. Ao longo da última década, observou-se um desarranjo na estrutura de oportunidades sociais, fruto da oferta deficitária de serviços essenciais, de empregos formais e do enfraquecimento dos vínculos sociais. Em conjunto, esses fatores ressaltam a manutenção de um estado de vulnerabilidade social dos moradores das ZEIS, especialmente para mulheres e pessoas com menor escolaridade. Políticas públicas voltadas às ZEIS devem integrar diferentes âmbitos e elementos sociais às demandas mais urgentes suscitadas pelas próprias comunidades para promover mudanças sociais significativas. (ZEIS 201 2019 tal primários quantitativos FortalezaCE. FortalezaCE Fortaleza CE. CE Fortaleza-CE individuais físicos humanos desigualdades década observouse observou se essenciais conjunto escolaridade significativas 20 2

Abstract This study aims to analyze the portraits of socio-economic inequality in three Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS) in the years 2010 and 2019. Data, both primary (qualitative and quantitative) and secondary, were collected from three ZEIS located in Fortaleza-CE. To provide a comprehensive analysis of inequality, the study also investigated the physical, human, social, and environmental aspects within these ZEIS. The findings indicated that the absence of public services and the persistent poverty within study ZEIS contribute to the perpetuation of inequalities. Over the past decade, there has been a deterioration in social opportunities due to inadequate access to essential services, limited formal employment opportunities, and weakening social connections. Consequently, the vulnerability of ZEIS residents has been perpetuated, with women and individuals with lower levels of education being particularly affected. To bring about meaningful social changes, public policies targeting ZEIS must encompass various aspects and prioritize the pressing needs identified by the communities themselves. This integration of different spheres and social elements is crucial for promoting significant improvements in these areas socioeconomic socio economic (ZEIS 201 2019 Data qualitative quantitative secondary FortalezaCE. FortalezaCE Fortaleza CE. CE Fortaleza-CE physical human inequalities decade connections Consequently perpetuated affected changes themselves 20 2

Abstract The mapping and zoning of high-risk areas are considered tools to deal with natural disasters. Due to the increase in population and disorganized occupation of the territory, the municipality of Iranduba (AM) is subject to various types of risks. The objective of this research was to identify socially vulnerable areas that overlap with environmentally favorable spaces for mass movements, creating a risk map for the occurrence of this phenomenon in the urban area of Iranduba. The determination and analysis of risk were based on the understanding that risk stems from the combination of physical environmental factors (natural hazards) and socio-economic conditions (vulnerability) of the exposed population. The results indicate vulnerability as the main factor determining local risk. highrisk high disasters territory AM (AM risks movements hazards socioeconomic socio economic (vulnerability

Resumen El mapeo y sectorización de áreas de alto riesgo se consideran herramientas para hacer frente a los desastres naturales. Debido al aumento de la población y a la ocupación desordenada del territorio, el municipio de Iranduba (AM) está sujeto a varios tipos de riesgos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar áreas socialmente vulnerables que se superponen con espacios ambientalmente favorables a los movimientos masivos, creando un mapa de riesgo para la ocurrencia de este fenómeno en el área urbana de Iranduba. La determinación y análisis del riesgo se basó en el entendimiento de que él surge de la combinación de factores ambientales físicos (amenazas naturales) y condiciones socioeconómicas (vulnerabilidad) de la población expuesta. Los resultados apuntan a la vulnerabilidad como el principal determinante del riesgo local. naturales territorio AM (AM riesgos masivos amenazas (vulnerabilidad expuesta local

Resumo O mapeamento e setorização de áreas de alto risco são considerados ferramentas para lidar com desastres naturais. Devido ao aumento populacional e à ocupação desordenada do território, o município de Iranduba (AM) está sujeito a diversos tipos de riscos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar áreas socialmente vulneráveis que se sobrepõem a espaços ambientalmente favoráveis aos movimentos de massa, criando um mapa de risco para a ocorrência deste fenômeno na zona urbana de Iranduba. A determinação e análise do risco basearam-se no entendimento de que o risco decorre da combinação de fatores ambientais físicos (perigos naturais) e condições socioeconómicas (vulnerabilidade) da população exposta. Os resultados apontam a vulnerabilidade como principal fator determinante do risco local. naturais território AM (AM riscos massa basearamse basearam perigos (vulnerabilidade exposta local

The right to housing or shelter is a fundamental right that has been given recognition at national, regional, and international levels. In Kenya, everyone's right to access adequate housing and basic shelter is enshrined in the Constitution of Kenya, 2010 and various international and regional human instruments, but there is no specific legislation or policy that caters to the right of street families and children to access housing or shelter. The gap that exists in law and policy deepens the vulnerability of street families and children, who are being left behind and not included in governmental socioeconomic programmes and interventions targeting vulnerable and marginalised persons. For example, street children are often excluded from planning, budgeting, and national decisions relating to socio-economic rights that include shelter. This article considers how Kenya's street children's right to shelter may be protected. Accordingly, it recommends measures that could be taken to protect their right to shelter, as well as other socio-economic rights, and thereby create a pathway to realising the values of equality and human dignity enshrined in the Constitution.

Climate change and recurring droughts-induced effects on health are becoming an increasingly main global, cultural and public health burden. The heaviest health burden leans on the fragile socio-economic systems among the remote agro-pastoral communities, living in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs). Previous studies underlined the indispensability of indigenous knowledge (IK) for resilience-driven disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies. However, more attention has been drawn towards the necessity of IK in weather forecasts, with less emphasis on its indispensability to alleviate health burden associated with climate change and droughts. We explored the contextual application of IK-based adaptation and related complementarity aspects for culturally relevant and sustainable DRR strategies for the nomadic agro-pastoral communities in Lopur, Turkana, Kenya. Relying on a descriptive qualitative study in phenomenological approach, purposive sampling and focus group discussions with key community influencers, a thematic analysis was conducted for an in-depth understanding and interpretation of data patterns. The contextualised insights revealed the growing vulnerability as a result of the disconnect between modern interventions, IK and the newly adopted environmental degrading coping tactics. Policy-wise, the findings portrayed the necessity for cultural integration and incorporation of indigenous knowledge-based strategies and systems for reinforced information dissemination, accessibility and acceptability for droughts preparedness and response. CONTRIBUTION: This study underlined the existing room for scientific exploration of the already existing indigenous knowledge-based solutions for food and water insecurity, towards improved resilience for the vulnerable communities experiencing inequitable climate change calamities in the ASALs.

Climate-related severe weather events pose a threat to transport infrastructure. Damage to transport infrastructure, in turn, threatens access to socio-economic opportunities (such as employment, healthcare and education). The aim of this paper is to quantify the volume of transport infrastructure at risk of weather-related hazards in the City of Cape Town, and to estimate the direct economic value thereof. Geographical Information Systems are used to overlay areas that are highly exposed to climate-related threats on the city's transport network and infrastructure, enabling the identification and quantification of the volume of infrastructure at risk. Cost estimates for the rehabilitation or reconstruction of this infrastructure obtained from various experts in the South African transport arena are applied to calculate the economic value of the infrastructure at risk. In total, the transport infrastructure at high risk in the case city is valued at R20 billion. Fires and coastal flooding pose the greatest threat. The analysis presented can inform planners and decision-makers on how to improve the resilience and where to reduce the vulnerability of transport infrastructure in the city.

Abstract Among older people, LGBTQIA+ persons represent one of the groups most likely to depend on formal care services because of socio-economic vulnerability. However, the prejudice rooted in society, including health and social care professionals, result in a cis-heteronormative model of care delivery in Long-Term Care Facilities for older persons (LTC). The aim of this article is to investigate, describe and analyse the scientific production on prejudice against the older LGBTQIA+ population in LTC. Scoping review based on searches in the following databases: AgeLine, Portal de Periódicos CAPES, SciELO, Portal USP and HeinOnline. No time limit was set. Of the initial 642 articles, 31 were selected to comprise the sample. Four categories and 11 subcategories were identified. These covered agents, causes, effects, and solutions found in the research. The lack of preparation of the LTC staff and the history of prejudice during life leads the LGBTQIA+ community to fear institutionalisation, when the desire is to have a friendly or exclusive environment. Training of LTC staff is essential, in addition to the need to create legislation to protect this population based on local surveys. people LGBTQIA socioeconomic socio economic vulnerability However society professionals cisheteronormative cis heteronormative LongTerm Long Term . (LTC) investigate databases AgeLine CAPES SciELO HeinOnline set 64 articles 3 sample 1 identified agents causes effects research institutionalisation environment essential surveys (LTC 6

Resumo Na população idosa, pessoas LGBTQIA+ representam um dos grupos mais propensos a depender de serviços de cuidados formais, devido à vulnerabilidade socioeconômica. Contudo, o preconceito enraizado na sociedade, inclusive em profissionais da saúde e da assistência social, resulta em um modelo de atendimento cis-heteronormativo em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI). O objetivo deste artigo é investigar, descrever e analisar a produção científica sobre o preconceito contra pessoas idosas LGBTQIA+ em ILPI. Revisão de escopo com buscas nas bases de dados AgeLine, Portal de Periódicos CAPES, SciELO, Portal USP e HeinOnline, sem limite temporal. Dos 642 artigos iniciais, 31 compõem a amostra final. Foram identificadas quatro categorias e 11 subcategorias que delimitam atores, causas, efeitos e soluções encontradas nas pesquisas. A falta de preparo das equipes das ILPI e o histórico de preconceito durante a vida leva a comunidade LGBTQIA+ a temer a institucionalização e desejar um ambiente amigável ou exclusivo. A capacitação das equipes das ILPI torna-se imprescindível, assim como a necessidade de criação de legislações de proteção a essa população com base em pesquisas populacionais e locais. idosa LGBTQIA formais socioeconômica Contudo sociedade social cisheteronormativo cis heteronormativo . (ILPI) investigar AgeLine CAPES SciELO HeinOnline temporal 64 iniciais 3 final 1 atores causas exclusivo tornase torna se imprescindível locais (ILPI 6

Abstract From a statistical-inferential perspective, this article analyzes the socioeconomic situation of Chilean households during the pandemic, especially those that report the presence of elderly people, since this population group faces particular epidemiological and economic risks that threaten their well-being. The results show that economic income has declined during the months of crisis, diminishing solvency and satisfaction of needs among families. In addition, they have had to implement various economic strategies to reduce their expenses and generate income, actions that contribute to temporarily sustain the family economy, but increase future vulnerability. The conclusions highlight the need to strengthen public policy measures and the social security system provided to the elderly.

Resumen Desde una perspectiva estadística-inferencial, este artículo analiza la situación socioeconómica de los hogares chilenos durante la pandemia, especialmente la de aquellos que informan presencia de personas mayores, pues este segmento poblacional enfrenta particulares riesgos epidemiológicos y económicos que amenazan su bienestar. Los resultados muestran que los ingresos económicos han caído durante los meses de crisis, disminuyendo la solvencia y satisfacción de las necesidades de las familias; y que se han debido implementar estrategias para reducir gastos y generar ingresos, que sostienen temporalmente la economía familiar, pero incrementan la vulnerabilidad futura. Las conclusiones destacan que se necesita reforzar las medidas de política pública y el sistema de seguridad social que se brinda a las personas de la tercera edad.

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the dynamics in the relationship between mothers and adolescents living in an area of social vulnerability. Methods: We conducted 3 focus groups in socio-economic poor area. Results: Based on the analysis of the focus groups, we traced five secondary categories. The central phenomenon was Struggling to protect their adolescents. Conclusion: The lack of fulfillment of the basic physiological needs, and the worries with their adolescent children impacted the mothers’ well-being. Abstract Objective vulnerability Methods socioeconomic socio economic Results categories Conclusion needs wellbeing. wellbeing well being. being well-being

Resumo: Objetivo: Analisar a dinâmica na relação de mães e adolescentes que vivem em uma área de vulnerabilidade social. Métodos: Conduzimos 3 grupos focais em uma área socioeconômica pobre. Resultados: Com base na análise dos grupos focais, traçamos cinco categorias secundárias. O fenômeno central foi “Lutando para proteger seus adolescentes”. Conclusão: A insatisfação das necessidades fisiológicas básicas e as preocupações com os filhos adolescentes impactaram o bem-estar das mães. Resumo Objetivo social Métodos pobre Resultados secundárias Lutando adolescentes. . adolescentes” Conclusão bemestar bem estar

Abstract Imprecise in space-time and with damaging effects, drought as a historical-natural phenomenon of high complexity has been afflicting the population of the Seridó Potiguar Region, located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil. For centuries, the region, of state relevance, is part of the Brazilian semiarid region. This reality produces socio-spatial, socio-economic, and political-institutional conflicts. Considering this, and the fact that drought in the 21st century continues to reach disastrous proportions and cause harm to human systems, this research aimed to offer a partial overview of the socio-environmental vulnerability of the Seridó region to drought, focusing on seven key municipalities: Bodó, Caicó, Currais Novos, Ipueira, Jardim de Piranhas, Jucurutu, and Parelhas. The Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI) was applied to these municipalities, composed of the sub-indices of Exposure, Susceptibility, and Adaptive Capacity, based on socio-economic and physical-environmental variables, which were calculated, classified, and cartographically represented using the RGB color composition. After analyzing the results, it was found that the municipalities ranged from low to moderate vulnerability, which can be justified by the compensation between the variables themselves and the good indicators regarding social assistance, mixed economy, hydraulic infrastructure, and means of coping with the semiarid region. spacetime space time effects historicalnatural historical natural Region Norte Brazil centuries relevance sociospatial, sociospatial socio spatial, spatial socio-spatial socioeconomic, socioeconomic economic, economic politicalinstitutional political institutional conflicts st systems socioenvironmental environmental Bodó Caicó Novos Ipueira Piranhas Jucurutu Parelhas DVI (DVI subindices sub indices Exposure Susceptibility Capacity physicalenvironmental physical calculated classified composition results assistance economy infrastructure

Resumo Imprecisa no espaço-tempo e com efeitos danosos, a seca enquanto fenômeno histórico-natural e de alta complexidade, tem afligido secularmente a população da Região do Seridó Potiguar, localizada no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Nordeste do Brasil. A região, de relevância estadual, está inserida no semiárido brasileiro. Realidade esta que produz conflitos socioespaciais, socioeconômicos e político-institucionais. Considerando isto e que a seca no século XXI continua a tomar proporções de desastre e causar prejuízos aos sistemas humanos, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo oferecer um panorama parcial da vulnerabilidade socioambiental da região do Seridó à seca, a partir de sete municípios-chave, Bodó, Caicó, Currais Novos, Ipueira, Jardim de Piranhas, Jucurutu e Parelhas, para os quais foi aplicado o Índice de Vulnerabilidade à Seca (IVS), composto pelos subíndices de Exposição, Susceptibilidade e Capacidade Adaptativa a partir de variáveis de ordem socioeconômica e físico-ambiental, as quais foram equacionadas, classificadas e representadas cartograficamente pela composição RGB de cores. Feito isso e analisados os resultados, verificou-se que os municípios se encontram em faixa de baixa a moderada vulnerabilidade, o que se justifica pela compensação entre as próprias variáveis e os bons índices referentes a assistência social, economia mista, infraestrutura hidráulica e meios convivência com o semiárido. espaçotempo espaço tempo danosos históriconatural histórico natural complexidade Potiguar Norte Brasil estadual brasileiro socioespaciais políticoinstitucionais. políticoinstitucionais político institucionais. institucionais político-institucionais humanos municípioschave, municípioschave chave, chave municípios-chave Bodó Caicó Novos Ipueira Piranhas Parelhas IVS, IVS , (IVS) Exposição físicoambiental, físicoambiental físico ambiental, ambiental físico-ambiental equacionadas cores resultados verificouse verificou social mista (IVS

RESUMO: A vulnerabilidade socioeconômica dos agricultores familiares no semiárido brasileiro aliado à intensa degradação do bioma caatinga requer o emprego de alternativas que propiciem a permanência do homem no campo, ao mesmo tempo em que recupere o meio ambiente. Os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAFs) que estão fundamentados nas interações ecológicas, econômicas e sociais existentes em um sistema de produção, são alternativas? O presente estudo tem como objetivos descrever a estrutura, a composição florística e a organização de dois SAFs implantados no sertão paraibano, bem como analisar a fertilidade dos solos das propriedades sob estes sistemas. Este trabalho verificou que os agricultores consideram que os SAFs proporcionam menos agressão ao meio ambiente, maior proteção ao solo e alimentação de qualidade, além da manutenção das famílias com a produção. As duas maiores dificuldades são a obtenção de água nos períodos de estiagem e mão de obra auxiliar. Nos dois SAFs estudados, há uma maior quantidade de espécies frutíferas, sendo a Malpighia emarginata (acerola) a de maior predominância. Os solos dos dois SAFs apresentam pH praticamente neutro e elevado percentual de saturação por base, sendo considerados eutróficos, com alto nível de fertilidade e ideal para o estabelecimento de agricultura.

ABSTRACT: The socio-economic vulnerability of family farmers in Brazilian semi-arid regions, combined with the intense degradation of the Caatinga biome, entails the use of alternatives that allow people to remain in the countryside while recovering the environment. Are agroforestry systems (AFS), which are based on the ecological, economic, and social interactions existing in a production system, an alternative? The present study described the structure, organization, and floristic composition of two AFS and analyzed the soil fertility of the two AFSimplanted in the semi-arid region of Paraíba. This study revealed that the farmers consider the AFS to be less harmful to the environment as it provides greater protection to the soil and better-qualityfood. Thegreatest challenges wereobtaining water during drought season and the need foran extra workforce. Nevertheless, the produce from these systemswas sufficient to provide for the families. Several varieties of fruit species were found in both the AFS studied, and Malpighia emarginata (acerola) was the most predominant. The soils of the two AFS presented a practically neutral pH the and high percentage of base saturation,thereby falling under the category of eutrophic soil with high fertility, and are ideal for growingany type of crop.

Resumen: Este artículo tuvo como objetivo identificar las áreas más adecuadas para la implementación de sistemas de riego, en la porción Centro-Oeste de la Cuenca Tocantins-Araguaia, a través de la aplicación del Análisis Multicriterio, considerando indicadores socioeconómicos de los 178 municípios que componen esta región. Metodológicamente, a partir de la investigación bibliográfica y documental, se seleccionaron los indicadores socioeconómicos, en una amplitud que permitiera una caracterización económica, demográfica, social y ambiental de la cuenca y, al mismo tiempo, para delimitar áreas que pudieran ser aprovechadas para proyectos de riego, por medio de entrevistas con especialistas del campo de riego y Análisis Multicriterio. Los resultados mostraron que la cuenca tiene el 29,2% de su superfície con restricciones para la implementación de sistemas de riego. Por otra parte, más del 70% del área de la cuenca presentó una clase de aptitud alta y muy alta, pudiéndose verificar que la región de mayor aptitud se encuentra, principalmente, en la Región de Planificación del Nordeste de Goiás, considerada estratégica para las inversiones, con el objetivo de minimizar los desequilibrios regionales. En este sentido, es posible concluir que el método de Análisis Multicriterio resultó satisfactorio para este estudio, facilitando la toma de decisiones, en línea con los objetivos de la Política Nacional de Riego, que apuntan a promover el desarrollo local y regional, con prioridad para las regiones con bajos indicadores sociales y económicos. En otras palabras, los resultados pueden contribuir a sustentar las decisiones de inversión a realizar, en la perspectiva de la responsabilidad social y el desarrollo sostenible, focalizándose en áreas de mayor vulnerabilidad y exclusión social. Resumen CentroOeste Centro Oeste TocantinsAraguaia, TocantinsAraguaia Tocantins Araguaia, Araguaia Tocantins-Araguaia 17 Metodológicamente documental económica demográfica tiempo 292 29 2 29,2 parte 70 encuentra principalmente Goiás inversiones regionales sentido estudio Riego regional económicos palabras realizar sostenible 1 29, 7

Abstract: This article aimed to identify the most suitable areas for the implementation of irrigation systems, in the Centra I-West portion of the Tocantins-Araguaia Basin, through the application of Multicriteria Analysis, considering socioeconomic indicators of the 178 municipalities that make up this region. Methodologically, from the bibliographic and documental research, the socioeconomic indicators were selected, in an amplitude that allowed an economic, demographic, social and environmental characterization of the basin and, at the same time, to delimit areas that could be used for irrigation projects, through interviews with experts in the field of irrigation and Multicriteria Analysis. The results showed that the basin has 29.2% of its area with restrictions on the implementation of irrigation systems; on the other hand, more than 70% of the area of the basin presented a high and very high class of aptitude, being able to verify that the region of greater aptitude is found, mainly, in the Planning Region of the Northeast of Goiás, considered strategic for investments, aiming at minimizing regional imbalances. In this sense, it is possible to conclude that the Multicriteria Analysis method proved to be satisfactory for this study, facilitating decision-making, in line with the National Irrigation Policy objectives, which aim to promote local and regional development, with priority for the regions with low social and economic indicators. In other words, the results can contribute to support decisions on investments to be made, within the perspective of social responsibility and sustainable development, by targeting those areas of greater vulnerability and social exclusion. Abstract systems IWest I West TocantinsAraguaia Tocantins Araguaia Basin 17 Methodologically research selected demographic time projects 292 29 2 29.2 hand 70 found mainly Goiás imbalances sense study decisionmaking, decisionmaking decision making, making decision-making objectives development words made exclusion 1 29. 7

Resumo: Este artigo teve como objetivo identificar as áreas mais adequadas à implantação de sistemas de irrigação, na porção Centro-Oeste da Bacia do Tocantins-Araguaia, por meio da aplicação de Análise Multicritério, considerando indicadores socioeconômicos dos 178 municípios que compõem essa região. Metodologicamente, a partir da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, os indicadores socioeconômicos foram selecionados em uma amplitude que permitisse uma caracterização econômica, demográfica, social e ambiental da bacia e, ao mesmo tempo, para delimitar áreas passíveis para projetos de irrigação, por meio de entrevistas com especialistas do campo da irrigação e Análise Multicritério. Os resultados evidenciaram que a bacia possui 29,2% da sua área com restrição à implantação de sistemas de irrigação. Por outro lado, mais de 70% da área da bacia apresentou uma classe alta e muito alta de aptidão, verificando-se que a região de maior aptidão se encontra, principalmente, na Região de Planejamento do Nordeste Goiano, considerada estratégica para investimentos, visando à minimização dos desequilíbrios regionais. Nesse sentido, é possível concluir que o método de Análise Multicritério se mostrou satisfatório para este estudo, facilitando a tomada de decisão, em consonância com os objetivos da Política Nacional de Irrigação, que visam promover o desenvolvimento local e regional, com prioridade para as regiões com baixos indicadores sociais e econômicos. Ou seja, os resultados podem contribuir para subsidiar as decisões sobre investimentos a serem realizados, dentro da perspectiva da responsabilidade social e do desenvolvimento sustentável, por meio do direcionamento àquelas áreas de maior vulnerabilidade e exclusão social. Resumo CentroOeste Centro Oeste TocantinsAraguaia, TocantinsAraguaia Tocantins Araguaia, Araguaia Tocantins-Araguaia 17 Metodologicamente documental econômica demográfica tempo 292 29 2 29,2 lado 70 verificandose verificando encontra principalmente Goiano regionais sentido estudo decisão Irrigação regional econômicos seja realizados sustentável 1 29, 7

Resumen Introducción: En 2013, se creó el Programa Ellas Hacen, cuyas destinatarias eran mujeres que se encontraban en situación de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica y/o eran víctimas de violencia de género. En 2018, este se unificó junto a otras políticas en el Programa Hacemos Futuro. Objetivo: El objetivo de este artículo es el de presentar la evolución de la política social Ellas hacen, desde su creación en 2013 hasta su unificación en el Programa Hacemos Futuro en 2018. De este modo, a través del recorrido por dos gestiones gubernamentales distintas (Cristina Fernández – Mauricio Macri), problematizamos en la manera en que se la define como una medida con un pretendido enfoque de género, mientras que en el diseño y la práctica de esta se omiten problemáticas vinculadas al mismo. Metodología: Para cumplir con el propósito planteado, acoplamos la mirada de los estudios de género a las políticas públicas. Las reflexiones que constituyen a este artículo devienen de un análisis teórico-crítico del programa mencionado. Resultados: La llegada de Cambiemos como nueva gestión política después de tres mandatos presidenciales kirchneristas, se constituye no sólo como una nueva etapa, sino como un cambio de paradigma en lo referido a políticas públicas con especial impacto en las mujeres. Con la transición del Ellas Hacen al Hacemos Futuro se observa un retorno a visiones que comprenden al empobrecimiento de las mujeres como individual y su solución está vinculada con la focalización y la meritocracia. Las derivaciones en términos de diseño, gestión e implementación de estos programas tuvieron implicancias negativas sobre las mujeres. Conclusión: Con este artículo damos cuenta de cómo el Estado omite e infiere las particularidades de dicho grupo poblacional -las mujeres- en este tipo de medidas, factor que conlleva a profundizar aún más en las inequidades entre los géneros.

Abstract Introduction: In 2013, the Ellas Hacen Program was created, targeting women in situations of socio-economic vulnerability and/or victims of gender-based violence. In 2018, it was unified with other policies in the Hacemos Futuro Program. Main objective: The objective of this article is to present the evolution of social policy Ellas Hacen, from its creation in 2013 until its unification in the Hacemos Futuro in 2018. In this way, through the journey through two different governmental initiatives (Cristina Fernández - Mauricio Macri), we problematize the way in which it is defined as a measure with a purported gender focus, while in the design and practice of this, problems related to it are omitted. Methodology: To fulfill the stated purpose, we integrate the view of gender studies into public policies. The reflections that constitute this article derive from a theoretical-critical analysis of the program mentioned. Results: The arrival of Cambiemos as a new political administration after three Kirchner's presidential mandates, is constituted not only as a new stage, but as a paradigm shift in terms of public policies with special impact on women. With the transition from Ellas Hacen to Hacemos Futuro, we see a return to visions that include the impoverishment of women as individuals, and their solution is linked to focalization and meritocracy. The referrals in terms of the design, management and implementation of these programs had negative implications for women. Conclusion: With this article we realized how the State omits and infers the particularities of this population group -women- in this type of measures, a factor that leads to further deepening gender inequities.

Resumo Introdução No Sul do Brasil, a principal causa de mortalidade por neoplasias entre as mulheres está ocupada pelo câncer de mama. O exame clínico anual das mamas está recomendado como medida de rastreamento. Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de não realização do exame clínico de mamas nos últimos 12 meses e fatores associados em mulheres de 20 a 69 anos residentes no município de São Leopoldo/RS em 2015. Método Estudo transversal de base populacional, no qual foram incluídas na análise variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. Foram calculadas as razões de prevalência (RP) por regressão de Poisson. Resultados Entre 1.128 mulheres, a prevalência de não realização de exame clínico das mamas foi de 52,6% (IC95%: 51,1-57,2); na análise ajustada, a não realização do exame mostrou-se associada à classe econômica D/E (RP = 1,58; IC95%: 1,16-2,15) e escolaridade de 0 a 4 anos de estudo (RP = 2,16; IC95%: 1,33-3,53). Conclusão As mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade social apresentaram maior probabilidade de não realização do exame, demonstrando a iniquidade do sistema.

Abstract Background In southern Brazil, the main cause of mortality from cancer among women is breast cancer. Annual clinical breast examination is recommended as a screening measure. Objective To investigate the prevalence of patients that did not perform breast exams in the last 12 months and its associated factors in women aged 20 to 69 years living in São Leopoldo/RS in 2015. Method The present research is a population-based, cross-sectional study; demographic and socio-economic variables were included in the analysis; prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated by Poisson regression. Results Among the 1128 women sampled, the prevalence of not performing clinical breast exams was of 52.6% (95%CI: 51.1-57.2); in the adjusted analysis, not performing clinical breast exams was associated with having a D/E socio-economic status (PR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.16-2.15), as well as with having an educational level of 0 to 4 years of study (PR = 2.16; 95%CI: 1.33-3.53). Conclusion Women in social vulnerability were more likely to not perform the exams, demonstrating the inequity of the system.