Resumen El artículo aborda la importancia de generar modelos de procesos de negocio (MPN) con calidad desde la perspectiva conceptual. Esta perspectiva considera los conocimientos ontológico y situado, orientados a lograr MPN consistentes y coherentes. Para ello se propone un método de modelado conceptual de proceso con alcance de arquitectura empresarial, considerando el conocimiento ontológico de procesos de negocio, del dominio funcional con el que opera dicho proceso y del contexto organizacional. Los últimos conducen al conocimiento situado de un proceso, expresado en forma de requisitos funcionales, variables del contexto y modelos de referencia, lo cual guía y justifica los MPN obtenidos. El método fue aplicado en el proceso de generación de ofertas comerciales de una empresa proveedora de servicios de informatización. Como resultado, se pudo constatar la aplicabilidad del método y su valor para gestionar la calidad de los MPN a través de indicadores que visualizan brechas de mejora conceptual.

Abstract The article addresses the importance of generating business process models (BPM), with quality, from a conceptual perspective. This perspective considers the ontological and situated knowledge oriented to achieve consistent and coherent BPM. A conceptual process modeling method is proposed, been aware of enterprise architecture conceptualization, and considering the business process ontological knowledge, the functional knowledge with which the process operates, as well as the organizational context. Functional and contextual knowledge lead to the business process situated knowledge, expressed throughout functional requirements, context variables and reference models, which guide and justify the obtained BPM. The method was applied in generating a commercial offer process that belongs to an IT service company. As a result, it was possible to verify the applicability of the method and its value to manage the quality of the BPM through indicators that visualize conceptual improvement gaps.

Resumen SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) ha emergido como una arquitectura dominante para la interoperabilidad entre aplicaciones, por medio de un modelo de acoplamiento débil basado en la flexibilidad que proveen los servicios web, esto ha dado lugar a una amplia gama de aplicaciones, en lo que se conoce hoy en día como computación en la nube. Por otro lado, los MAS (Multiagent System, por sus siglas en inglés) son usados ampliamente en la industria, ya que brindan soluciones apropiadas a problemas complejos, de forma proactiva e inteligente. En particular, los Ambientes Inteligentes (AmI) educativos se benefician de estás dos arquitecturas, ya que por un lado los MAS dotan al AmI de inteligencia, mientras que SOA permite a los usuarios interactuar con servicios académicos en la nube. El propósito de este artículo es proponer una arquitectura de integración bidireccional SOA-MAS para AmI educativos. La solución propuesta aprovecha las ventajas de ambas tecnologías (SOA-MAS), y resuelve problemas de integración planteados en investigaciones previas.

Abstract Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has emerged as the dominant architecture for interoperability between applications, by using a weak-coupled model, based on the flexibility provided by Web Services, which has led to a wide range of applications, in what is known as cloud computing. On the other hand, Multiagent System (MAS) is widely used in the industry, because it provides an appropriate solution to complex problems in a proactive and intelligent way. Specifically, the Educational Smart Environments (AmI) obtain great benefits by using both architectures, because MAS endows intelligence to the environment, while SOA enables users to interact with academic services in the cloud. The purpose of this article is to propose an architecture for bidirectional integration SOA-MAS to be used on educational AmI. The proposed solution allows taking advantages of both architectures, and solves integration problems raised in previous researches.

Introduction: The communication of information systems with biomedical devices has become complex not only due to the existence of several private communication protocols, but also to the immutable way that software is embedded into these devices. In this sense, this paper proposes a service-oriented architecture to access biomedical devices as a way to abstract the mechanisms of writing and reading data from these devices, thus contributing to enable the focus of the development team of biomedical software to be intended for its functional requirements, i.e. business rules relevant to the problem domain. Methods The SOA-BD architecture consists of five main components: A Web Service for transport and conversion of the device data, Communication Protocols to access the devices, Data Parsers to preprocess data, a Device Repository to store data and transmitted information and Error handling, for error handling of these information. For the development of SOA-BD, technologies such as the XML language and the Java programming language were used. Besides, Software Engineering concepts such as Design Patterns were also used. For the validation of this work, data has been collected from vital sign monitors in an Intensive Care Unit using HL7 standards. Results The tests obtained a difference of about only 1 second in terms of response time with the use of SOA-BD. Conclusion SOA-BD achieves important results such as the reduction on the access protocol complexity, the opportunity for treating patients over long distances, allowing easier development of monitoring applications and interoperability with biomedical devices from diverse manufacturers.

Considerando la falta de recursos en centros de salud ubicados en zonas rurales, una parte de la población colombiana se ve afectada por la calidad del Servicio de Salud recibido. Si se suma el bajo nivel socioeconómico de cierta población rural, se genera una vulnerabilidad geográfica. Por ello en este trabajo se presenta una Arquitectura Orientada a Servicios que tiene como objetivo apoyar centros de salud con bajos recursos técnicos con tecnología que permita una atención física de rehabilitación independientemente de la ubicación del paciente y profesional de la salud. De esta manera, se propone un sistema distribuido, utilizando un medio de comunicación disperso como Internet. Para asegurar la definición de los servicios, el asistente de teleoperación dispositiva y la integración y coordinación del sistema, se planea realizar un proceso de modelización basado en una herramienta formal como las redes de Petri.

Considering the lack of resources in health centers located in rural zones, a part of Colombian population goes affected by the quality of the health Service received. If this is added the low level socioeconomic of some rural population, it is generated a geographic vulnerability. For that reason in this work is presented a Service Oriented Architecture that has as objective support health centers with low technical resources with technology that allows a physical rehab attention independently of the localization of patient and health professional. By way of this, a distributed system it is proposed, using a dispersed communication media like the internet. It is planned to make a modeling process based on a formal tool like the Petri Nets to assure the definition of the services, assistant dispositive teleoperation and the integration and coordination of the system.

Considerando a falta de recursos em centros de saúde localizados em zonas rurais, uma parte da população colombiana vê-se afetada pela qualidade do Serviço de Saúde recebido. Ao somar-se o baixo nível socioeconómico de alguma população rural, gera-se uma vulnerabilidade geográfica. Por isso neste trabalho apresenta-se uma arquitetura orientada a serviços que tem como objetivo apoiar centros de saúde com baixos recursos técnicos com tecnologia que permite uma atenção física de reabilitação independentemente da localização do paciente e profissional da saúde. Desta maneira, propõe-se um sistema distribuído, utilizando um médio de comunicação disperso como Internet. Para assegurar a definição dos serviços, o assistente de tele operação dispositiva e a integração e coordenação do sistema, planeja-se realizar um processo de modelização baseado numa ferramenta formal como as redes de Petri.

RESUMO A crescente pressão pelo aumento da qualidade dos serviços de saúde, bem como a redução dos custos, tem feito com que as organizações de saúde adotem cada vez mais o uso de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) através do desenvolvimento e adoção de Sistemas de Informação em Saúde (SIS). Entretanto, a necessidade da troca de informações entre SIS e organizações também aumentou, evidenciando a carência gerada pela falta de interoperabilidade. Esse problema é considerado complexo, porém a utilização de Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) apresenta-se como uma boa saída para essa questão. Esse trabalho apresenta uma revisão sistemática, elaborada com o intuito de descobrir de que forma e em quais contextos SOA está sendo utilizada para garantir a interoperabilidade de SIS.

ABSTRACT The growing pressure to increase the quality of health services, as well as reducing costs, has caused healthcare organizations to increase the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) through the development and adoption of Healthcare Information Systems (HIS). However, the need for exchange of information between HIS and between organizations has also increased, resulting in the problem of interoperability. This problem is considered complex, but the use of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) appears as a good way to address this issue. This paper presents a systematic review, performed in order to find out how and in which contexts SOA is being used to ensure the interoperability of HIS.

ABSTRACT The role of business processes in a company is an important factor; so effectively in these and agility to adapt to the internal and external changes; provides greater organizational growth. As there are various tools to support process management. One is Business Process Management and Service Oriented Architecture. These are emerging as a new trend to increase business efficiency, generate competitive advantages that the market demands, to provide business process simulation to analyze their performance before deploying, greater agility and flexibility, continuous improvement and monitoring in real time. Although the use of these technologies is growing exponentially, in most cases there is no appropriate methodology to guide applications to them. This research proposes the development of a methodology for computing the orientation of the Business Process Management and Service Oriented Architecture applications.

RESUMEN El papel que juegan los procesos de negocio en una empresa constituye un factor de gran importancia; por lo que eficacia en estos y su agilidad para adaptarse a los cambios internos y externos; proporciona un mayor crecimiento organizacional. Como apoyo existen diversas herramientas para la gestión de procesos. Una de ellas es Gestión de Procesos de Negocio y Arquitectura Orientada a Servicios. Estas se perfilan como una nueva tendencia para aumentar la eficiencia del negocio, generar las ventajas competitivas que exige el mercado, proporcionarles a los procesos de las empresas una simulación para analizar su rendimiento antes de implementarlos, mayor agilidad y flexibilidad, un mejoramiento continuo y supervisión en tiempo real. Aunque el uso de estas tecnologías crece de manera exponencial, en la mayoría de los casos no existe una adecuada metodología para orientar aplicaciones hacia ellas. El presente artículo recoge una propuesta metodológica para la orientación de aplicaciones informáticas a la Gestión de Procesos de Negocio y una Arquitectura Orientada a Servicios.

La ejecución de los experimentos bioinformáticos involucra el uso intensivo de servicios y recursos de información distribuidos a través de Internet. Las herramientas existentes facilitan su implementación siguiendo una orientación a flujos de trabajo (workflows), pero carecen de capacidades de integración de servicios con patrones de interacción heterogéneos y a gran escala. Esta integración es especialmente necesaria para permitir a un procesamiento distribuido a gran escala de los datos biológicos generados por las tecnologías de secuenciación masiva. Por otro lado, estos mecanismos de integración ya son proporcionados por productos de middleware como los Enterprise Service Bus (ESB), que permiten integrar sistemas distribuidos siguiendo el paradigma promovido por las Arquitectura Orientada a Servicios (SOA). Este trabajo propone una plataforma de integración basada en middleware empresarial para integrar servicios bioinformáticos. En él se presenta una arquitectura de referencia con varios niveles de abstracción y se describen con mayor detalle los mecanismos basados en ESB para proporcionar comunicaciones asíncronas, interacciones basadas en eventos y capacidades de transformación de datos. En el artículo presenta una especificación formal de la plataforma utilizando el modelo de eventos-B.

Performing Bioinformatic’s experiments involve an intensive access to distributed services and information resources through Internet. Although existing tools facilitate the implementation of workflow-oriented applications, they lack of capabilities to integrate services beyond low-scale applications, particularly integrating services with heterogeneous interaction patterns and in a larger scale. This is particularly required to enable a large-scale distributed processing of biological data generated by massive sequencing technologies. On the other hand, such integration mechanisms are provided by middleware products like Enterprise Service Buses (ESB), which enable to integrate distributed systems following a Service Oriented Architecture. This paper proposes an integration platform, based on enterprise middleware, to integrate Bioinformatics services. It presents a multi-level reference architecture and focuses on ESB-based mechanisms to provide asynchronous communications, event-based interactions and data transformation capabilities. The paper presents a formal specification of the platform using the Event-B model.

Las organizaciones proveedoras de servicios de telecomunicaciones, tales como los operadores de redes móviles, se encuentran hoy en día bajo la vorágine que representan los cambios de paradigma impuestos por la omnipresencia de Internet. La adopción de la Arquitectura Orientada a Servicios y el desplazamiento hacia Redes de Próxima Generación, constituyen parte de los esfuerzos de estas organizaciones en la confluencia hacia estos nuevos modelos de negocio. El presente artículo efectúa una revisión de los conceptos detrás de estas propuestas al interior de las grandes organizaciones de telecomunicaciones, identifica brechas y discute sobre las dificultades a las que se enfrentan los grupos de investigación y desarrollo en el contexto latinoamericano; obstáculos a superar a efectos de converger y crear un ambiente sinérgico de intereses comunes hacia la innovación alrededor de la temática.

Telecommunication service providers such as Mobile Network Operators are currently under the vortex arising from paradigm shifts imposed by the omnipresence of the Internet. The adoption of Service Oriented Architecture and the shift to Next Generation Networks constitute some of the efforts of these organizations at the confluence toward these new business models. This article introduces a review of the concepts behind these proposals within Telco organizations, identifies gaps and discusses about the challenges that research and development groups are facing in the Latin American context; obstacles to overcome for converging and creating a synergic environment of common interests oriented to the innovation around the subject.

As organizações provedoras de serviços de telecomunicações, tais como os operadores de redes móveis, encontramse hoje em dia sob a voragem que representam as mudanças de paradigmas impostos pela omnipresença da Internet. A adoção da Arquitetura Orientada a Serviços e o deslocamento para Redes de Próxima Geração, constituem parte dos esforços destas organizações na confluência para estes novos modelos de negócio. O presente artigo efetua uma revisão dos conceitos por trás destas propostas ao interior das grandes organizações de telecomunicações, identifica brechas e discute sobre as dificuldades às que se enfrentam os grupos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento no contexto latino-americano; obstáculos a superar efeitos de convergir e criar um ambiente sinérgico de interesses comuns para a inovação ao redor da temática.

In 2008, alasMediGen (Medical Genetics Computer System) was created. This system is aimed to collect the data obtained from the different genetic studies carried out at the National Center of Medical Genetics. It has seven modules that manage their businesses independently and share the same database: Cuban Register of Genetic Diseases, Cuban Register of Congenital Malformations, Cuban Register of Physical Disabilities, Cuban Register of Mental Deficiency, Cuban Register of Twins, Cuban Register of Clinical Records, Cuban Register of Chromosome Anomalies, Cuban Register of Common Diseases, and Teleconsultation. In 2009, the regulations stating that every computer system in Public Health must have an architecture oriented to the services were created; allowing the integration through web services. This paper is intended to describe the functionalities of the alasMediGen product in its 1.1 version as well as the web services provided by the Health Computerized System consumed by the system, allowing that the information managed in different studies of medical genetics to be reliable and centralized. This service oriented architecture speeds up the development of many scientific researches in the field of medical genetics and ensures data integrity.

En el año 2008, se crea alasMEDIGEN: Sistema Informático de Genética Médica, el cual tiene como objetivo recoger los datos obtenidos por los diferentes estudios genéticos que se llevan a cabo en el Centro Nacional de Genética Médica; cuenta con siete módulos que gestionan de forma independiente su negocio y comparten la misma base de datos: Registro Cubano de Enfermedades Genéticas, Registro Cubano de Malformaciones Congénitas, Registro Cubano de Discapacidades, Registro Cubano de Discapacidad Intelectual, Registro Cubano de Gemelos, Registro Cubano de Historias Clínicas, Registro Cubano de Anomalías Cromosómicas, Registro Cubano de Enfermedades Comunes y Teleconsulta. En el año 2009 se crea el Marco Regulatorio del Grupo de Gestión de Integración de Soluciones, el cual plantea que todos los sistemas informáticos de salud pública deben presentar una arquitectura orientada a servicios, ajustándose a la integración a nivel de servicios web. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir las funcionalidades del producto alasMEDIGEN en su versión 1.1 así como los servicios web del Registro Informatizado de la Salud que consume, contribuyendo a que la información que se gestiona en los diferentes estudios de genética médica sea confiable, y esté centralizada. Esta orientación a servicios agiliza el desarrollo de muchas investigaciones científicas en el campo de la genética médica y garantiza la integridad de la información.

Services as part of our daily life represent an important means to deliver value to their consumers and have a great economic impact for organizations. The service consumption and their exponential proliferation show the importance and acceptance by their customers. In this sense, it is possible to predict that the infrastructure of future cities will be supported by different kind of services, such as smart city services, open data services, as well as common services (e.g., e-mail services), etc. Nowadays a large percentage of services are provided on the web and are commonly called web services (WSs). This kind of services has become one of the most used technologies in software systems. Among the challenges when integrating web services in a given system, requirements-driven selection occupies a prominent place. A comprehensive selection process needs to check compliance of Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) which can be assessed by analyzing the Quality of Service (QoS). In this paper, we describe a framework called WeSSQoS that aims at ranking available WSs based on the comparison of their QoS and the stated NFRs. The framework is designed as an open Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) that hosts a configurable portfolio of normalization procedures and ranking algorithms which can be selected by users when starting a selection process. The QoS data from WSs can be obtained either from a static, WSDL-like description or dynamically through monitoring techniques. WeSSQoS is designed to work over multiple WS repositories and QoS sources. The impact of having a portfolio of different normalization and ranking algorithms is illustrated with an example.

The adoption of Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) by the companies shows high failure rates, mainly because of the way this paradigm is adopted. Thus, the complexity of this process should be addressed by using the evolutionary approach that maturity models offer. However, the diversity of maturity models makes difficult the selection and implementation of most of them. Taking this into account, the objective of this paper is to carry out a comparative analysis between the most representative maturity models and to determine whether they are sufficient in order to evaluating and planning the adoption of SOA with effectiveness. The inadequacies detected after a comprehensive assessment, restrict the evaluation and planning capacities that these models offer. In order to overcome them and using the international experience gained in this field, it were defined the constructs (principles, elements and structure) that support a more integral maturity model.

La adopción por las organizaciones de Arquitecturas Orientadas a Servicios (SOA, por sus siglas en inglés), muestra altas tasas de fracaso. Las principales causas apuntan al modo en que es adoptado este paradigma. La complejidad de este proceso debe ser abordada empleando el enfoque evolutivo que ofrecen los modelos de madurez de SOA; sin embargo, la diversidad de estos dificulta la selección y aplicación de alguno. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo consistió en realizar un análisis comparativo entre los modelos de madurez más representativos y determinar si son suficientes para evaluar y planificar con efectividad la adopción de SOA. Las insuficiencias detectadas, valoradas integralmente, limitan las capacidades de evaluación y planificación que ofrecen los modelos. Con el propósito de superarlas y empleando la experiencia internacional acumulada en esta materia, fueron definidos los constructos (principios, elementos y estructura) que sustentan un modelo de madurez más integral.

The chilean attorney Juan Egaña showed in his actions and essays a special interest in artistic expressions. Art and the juridical norms must work together and point to a same objective. This article is oriented to show the essentials that confirm that following ideas of Plato, Egaña conceived painting, sculpture, music and architecture put to the service of the organization of the society.

El jurista chileno Juan Egaña manifestó en sus acciones y en sus escritos una especial valoración por las expresiones artísticas. Para el autor las normas jurídicas y el arte deben articularse y apuntar a un mismo objetivo. El presente trabajo se orienta a mostrar los fundamentos que permiten afirmar que, en sintonía con las concepciones de Platón, Egaña concibió la pintura, la escultura, la música y la arquitectura al servicio de la organización de la sociedad.

Social commerce is doing commerce in a collaborative and participative way, by using social media, through an enterprise interactive interface that enables social interactions. Technologies such as Web 2.0, Cloud Computing and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) enable social commerce. Yet, a framework for social commerce, putting Enterprise Social Interactions as central entities, would provide a strong business justification for social commerce design and adoption with these enabling technologies. This work first proposes a framework for social commerce-oriented business that captures: (a) three main entities: Enterprise social Interactions, Actors, and Business Processes (and their output: products/services), (b) the relationships between these entities, and (c) the constraints (if any). Then, it focuses on the conceptualization of the key entity, Enterprise Social Interactions, to shape the required enterprise interface that promotes openness, collaboration and participation, which enables the required knowledge emergence and intelligence for the value (co-)creation. A central component of the enterprise technology architecture, we refer to as Enterprise Social Interaction Manager (ESIM) realizes the interface. An example shows how the realization of the ESIM functionalities with Web 2.0, Cloud computing, and SOA enables the different categories of collaborative B2B integration that underlines and backs social commerce.

Today the Information Technology and Communications (ICT) play a fundamental role in the development of any organization. One of the advantages of using ICT constituent telematic services, which offer many facilities for users of existing data networks. Inside these telematics services are a set of infrastructure telematics services, important for the proper functioning of the network. To host telematics infrastructure services is widely used the GNU / Linux operating system for the benefits that its offers, but the tools used to manage these infrastructure services are not entirely efficient in managing the services configuration parameters and its integrations. This paper describes the design and architecture of a framework that enables the development of tools oriented to the management and integration of telematics infrastructure services, reusing existing class libraries specialized in management of a service infrastructure, the paper also shows a tool implemented with this framework that facilitates the management and integration of telematic infrastructure services in GNU / Linux reducing deficiencies of current tools.

En la actualidad las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC) juegan un rol fundamental en el desarrollo de cualquier organización. Una de las ventajas del uso de las TIC lo constituyen los servicios telemáticos, los cuales ofrecen muchas facilidades para los usuarios de las redes de datos actuales. Dentro de estos servicios telemáticos se encuentran un grupo de servicios telemáticos de infraestructura importantes para el buen funcionamiento de la red. Para alojar servicios telemáticos de infraestructura es muy utilizado el sistema operativo GNU/Linux por las ventajas que ofrece, sin embargo las herramientas empleadas para la administración de estos servicios de infraestructura no son del todo eficientes en la gestión de los parámetros de configuración de los servicios y la integración de los mismos. El presente artículo describe el diseño y arquitectura de un marco de trabajo que propicia el desarrollo de herramientas orientadas a la gestión e integración de servicios telemáticos de infraestructura, reutilizando las bibliotecas de clases existentes especializadas en parte de la gestión de un determinado servicio de infraestructura, el artículo también muestra una herramienta implementada sobre este framework que facilita la gestión e integración de los servicios telemáticos de infraestructura en GNU/Linux disminuyendo las deficiencias de las herramientas actuales.

Resumen Los patrones de diseño de la arquitectura orientada a servicios (SOA) son soluciones aplicadas a los problemas comunes que se presentan en la implementación de arquitecturas que buscan cumplir con los principios de diseño orientados a servicios y alcanzar de manera efectiva sus objetivos y beneficios. La implementación de SOA ha permitido que las organizaciones pasen del desarrollo centrado en las aplicaciones al desarrollo centrado en procesos vistos como servicios. Son reconocidos en la industria los beneficios y metas estratégicas obtenidos de este paradigma que a veces es usado indiscriminadamente en productos y servicios tecnológicos. El artículo presenta un análisis de las relaciones existentes según la literatura entre patrones (87), principios (8) y objetivos-beneficios (7) de la computación orientada a servicios, encontrándose patrones ampliamente utilizados y que no responden a principios reconocidos.

Abstract Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) design patterns are known solutions to common issues that arise in the implementation of architectures that seek to comply with service-oriented design principles and effectively accomplish its goals and benefits. The implementation of SOA has enabled organizations to move from an application centered development to a process centered development, commonly understood as services. The benefits and strategic goals derived from this paradigm, sometimes used indiscriminately in technological products and services, are well known in the industry. This article presents an analysis of the current relations among patterns (87), principles (8) and goals-benefits (7) of service oriented computing, although widely used patterns which do not correspond to recognized principles were also found.

Resumo Os padrões de design da arquitetura orientada a serviços (SOA) são soluções aplicadas aos problemas comuns que se apresentam na implementação de arquiteturas que procuram respeitar os princípios do design orientado a serviços e atingir de maneira eficaz seus objetivos e benefícios. A implementação de SOA permitiu que as organizações passem do desenvolvimento centrado nos aplicativos para o desenvolvimento centrado em processos vistos como serviços. São reconhecidos na indústria os benefícios e metas estratégicas obtidos a partir desse paradigma que por vezes é usado indiscriminadamente em produtos e serviços tecnológicos. O artigo apresenta uma análise das relações existentes de acordo com a literatura entre os padrões (87), princípios (8) e objetivos-benefícios (7) da computação orientada a serviços, encontrando-se padrões amplamente usados e que não respondem a princípios reconhecidos.