Our research aimed to investigate the role of a functional model of the Brazilian particle accelerator, Sirius, as a teaching device, to approach the synchrotron light generation process and disseminate the accelerator, with students from the teachers in trainning course offered by Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). Synchrotron light is a form of electromagnetic radiation produced by charged particles, usually electrons, that are accelerated in intense magnetic fields and curved into circular paths. Sìrius is the only fourth-generation particle accelerator in the southern hemisphere, opened in 2018, located at the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), in Campinas-SP. The investigation into the use of the model consisted of the first stage of an Investigative Teaching Sequence (SEI), structured, validated and applied in doctoral course research. For the intended investigation, we used the quadrant technique and the interpretative analysis of the students’ responses, produced during the development of this first stage of the SEI. The results obtained indicated the versatility of the teaching device that enabled a three-dimensional visualization of the real object and the mobilization of analogies that facilitated the understanding of the synchrotron light generation process. Sirius UFRPE. UFRPE . (UFRPE) particles electrons paths fourthgeneration fourth hemisphere 2018 CNPEM, CNPEM , (CNPEM) CampinasSP. CampinasSP Campinas SP. SP Campinas-SP SEI, SEI (SEI) structured responses threedimensional three dimensional (UFRPE 201 (CNPEM (SEI 20 2

Nossa pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o papel de uma maquete funcional do acelerador de partículas brasileiro, Sirius, enquanto um dispositivo didático, para a abordagem do processo de geração luz síncrotron e divulgação do acelerador, com alunos de cursos de Licenciatura ofertados pela Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). A luz síncrotron é uma forma de radiação eletromagnética produzida por partículas carregadas, geralmente elétrons, aceleradas em campos magnéticos intensos e curvadas em trajetórias circulares. O Sìrius é o único acelerador de partículas de quarta geração no hemisfério sul, inaugurado em 2018, localizado no Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), em Campinas-SP. A investigação sobre o uso da maquete consistiu na primeira etapa de uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativa (SEI), estruturada, validada e aplicada em pesquisas do curso de doutorado. Para a investigação pretendida, utilizamos a técnica de quadrantes e a análise interpretativa das respostas dos licenciandos, produzidas durante o desenvolvimento desta primeira etapa da SEI. Os resultados obtidos indicaram a versatilidade do dispositivo didático que possibilitou uma visualização tridimensional do objeto real e a mobilização de analogias que facilitaram a compreensão do processo de geração da luz síncrotron. Com relação às questões problematizadoras lançadas aos licenciandos, observamos que houve a construção de entendimento básico sobre o processo de geração da luz síncrotron, bem como da relevância do Sírius para a pesquisa no país e sua inserção no cenário internacional. Assim, temos que a utilização da maquete em uma perspectiva investigativa consistiu em um início promissor para o desenvolvimento da SEI, tendo em vista as abstrações subjacentes ao fenômeno e a multiplicidade de conceitos relacionados à física de partículas. brasileiro Sirius UFRPE. UFRPE . (UFRPE) carregadas elétrons circulares sul 2018 CNPEM, CNPEM , (CNPEM) CampinasSP. CampinasSP Campinas SP. SP Campinas-SP SEI (SEI) estruturada doutorado pretendida licenciandos internacional Assim (UFRPE 201 (CNPEM (SEI 20 2

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate ocular surface and meibomian glands in patients with treatment-naive acne vulgaris. Methods: The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, invasive tear film breakup time, fluorescein staining of the ocular surface, and Schirmer II test were performed for all subjects. Total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores were assessed. Non-contact meibography was performed with the Sirius corneal topographic device. Results: The right eyes of 35 patients with acne vulgaris and 35 healthy volunteers were included the study. While the OSDI and staining scores were significantly higher in the acne group than in the control group (p=0.01 and p=0.003, respectively), the invasive tear film breakup time and Schirmer measurements were significantly lower in the acne group (p=0.000 and p=0.003, respectively). The total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores were also higher in the acne group than in the control group (p=0.003 and p=0.000, respectively). On the morphological evaluation of the meibomian glands, the thickening, thinning, tortuosity, and presence of ghost areas were statistically significantly more common in the acne vulgaris group than in the control group (p=0.000, p=0.001, p=0.05, and p=0.006, respectively). The percentage of the meibomian gland loss area was significantly high in the acne vulgaris group on both upper and lower meibography. The meibomian gland loss area positively correlated with total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris may have a predisposition to meibomian gland dysfunction and ocular surface damage. Early recognition of meibomian gland and ocular surface alterations seems important, especially in acne vulgaris cases for which oral isotretinoin treatment is planned. Purpose treatmentnaive naive Methods (OSDI questionnaire subjects assessed Noncontact Non contact device Results 3 study p=0.01 p001 p 0 01 (p=0.0 p0003 003 p=0.003 respectively, respectively , respectively) p=0.000 p0000 000 (p=0.00 respectively. . thickening thinning tortuosity p0001 001 p=0.001 p005 05 p=0.05 p0006 006 p=0.006 Conclusion damage important planned p=0.0 p00 (p=0. p000 00 p=0.00 p=0. p0 (p=0 p=0 (p= p= (p

RESUMO Objetivo: Todos os indivíduos responderam ao questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) e tiveram avaliados o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo, a coloração da superfície ocular com fluoresceína e o teste de Schirmer II. Foram ainda avaliados o escore palpebral total e o de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Foi realizada meibografia sem contato com um dispositivo topográfico corneano Sirius. Métodos: Todos os indivíduos responderam ao questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) e tiveram avaliados o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo, a coloração da superfície ocular com fluoresceína e o teste de Schirmer II. Foram ainda avaliados o escore palpebral total e o de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Foi realizada meibografia sem contato com um dispositivo topográfico corneano Sirius. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo os olhos direitos de 35 voluntários com acne vulgar e 35 saudáveis. Os escores do Ocular Surface Disease Index e da coloração foram significativamente maiores no grupo com acne em comparação com o grupo controle (p=0,01 e p=0,003, respectivamente), mas o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo e as medidas do teste de Schirmer II foram significativamente menores (p=0,000 e p=0,003, respectivamente). O escore palpebral total e o escore de secreção das glândulas meibomianas também foram maiores no grupo com acne que no grupo controle (p=0,003 e p=0,000). Na avaliação morfológica das glândulas meibomianas, o espessamento, o afinamento, a tortuosidade e a presença de áreas fantasmas nas glândulas foram mais comuns no grupo acne vulgar que no grupo controle, com significância estatística (p=0,000, p=0,001, p=0,05 e p=0,006 respectivamente). A porcentagem da área de perdas das glândulas meibomianas foi significativamente mais alta no grupo com acne vulgar, tanto na meibografia superior quanto na inferior. A área de perda das glândulas meibomianas demonstrou uma correlação positiva com o escore palpebral total e com o escore de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Conclusão: A acne vulgar pode levar a uma predisposição para a disfunção das glândulas meibomianas e para danos na superfície ocular. Parece ser importante reconhecer precocemente as alterações das glândulas meibomianas e da superfície ocular, especialmente nos casos de acne vulgar para os quais se planeja o tratamento oral com isotretinoína. Objetivo OSDI (OSDI Sirius Métodos Resultados 3 saudáveis p=0,01 p001 p 0 01 (p=0,0 p0003 003 p=0,003 respectivamente, respectivamente , respectivamente) p=0,000 p0000 000 (p=0,00 respectivamente. . p=0,000. p=0,000) espessamento afinamento p=0,000, p0001 001 p=0,001 p005 05 p=0,0 p0006 006 p=0,00 inferior Conclusão isotretinoína p00 (p=0, p000 00 p=0, p0 (p=0 p=0 (p= p= (p

Diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired wound healing. The topical use of insulin is a promising therapy because it may favor all phases of the wound healing process. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic outcomes of insulin gel in wounds of hyperglycemic mice. After diabetes induction, a 1-cm2 full-thickness wound was created on each animal's dorsum. The lesions were treated daily for 14 days with insulin gel (insulin group) or vehicle gel without insulin (vehicle group). Tissue samples were extracted on days 4, 7, 10, and 14 after the creation of the lesion. The samples were analyzed with hematoxylin/eosin and Sirius red staining, immunohistochemistry, Bio-Plex immunoassays, and western blotting. Insulin gel favored re-epithelialization at day 10 and increased the organization and deposition of collagen. Additionally, it modulated the expression of cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10) and increased the expression of arginase I, VEGF receptor 1, and VEGF on day 10. Activation of the insulin signaling pathway occurred via IRβ, IRS1, and IKK on day 10 and activation of Akt and IRS1 on day 14. These results suggested that insulin gel improved wound healing in hyperglycemic mice by modulating the expression of inflammatory factors, growth factors, and proteins of the insulin signaling pathway. process induction 1cm2 cm 1 cm2 1-cm fullthickness full thickness animals animal s dorsum group group. . 4 7 lesion hematoxylineosin hematoxylin eosin staining immunohistochemistry BioPlex Bio Plex immunoassays blotting reepithelialization re epithelialization collagen Additionally interleukin IL4 IL (IL)- IL10 IL-10 I IRβ IRS factors 1cm (IL) IL1 IL-1 (IL IL-

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the role of puerarin on renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanism in renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) model. Methods: Rats were intraperitoneally injected with puerarin (50 or 100 mg/kg) per day for one week before renal I/R. The level of renal collagen deposition and interstitial fibrosis were observed by hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius Red staining, and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was examined by immunohistochemical staining. The ferroptosis related factors and TLR4/Nox4-pathway-associated proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results: Puerarin was observed to alleviate renal collagen deposition, interstitial fibrosis and the α-SMA expression induced by I/R. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione (GSH) level were decreased in I/R and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) and Fe2+ level increased. However, puerarin reversed SOD, MDA, GSH and Fe2+ level changes induced by I/R and H/R. Besides, Western blot indicated that puerarin inhibited the expression of ferroptosis related factors in a dose-dependent manner, which further demonstrated that puerarin had the effect to attenuate ferroptosis. Moreover, the increased expression of TLR/Nox4-pathway-associated proteins were observed in I/R and H/R group, but puerarin alleviated the elevated TLR/Nox4 expression. Conclusions: Our results suggested that puerarin inhibited oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by I/R and, thus, delayed the progression of renal fibrosis, providing a new target for the treatment of renal fibrosis. Purpose IR I R (I/R model Methods 50 (5 10 mg/kg mgkg mg kg staining αsmooth α smooth αSMA SMA (α-SMA TLR4/Nox4pathwayassociated TLR4Nox4pathwayassociated TLRNoxpathwayassociated TLR4/Nox4 pathway associated TLR4 Nox4 TLR Nox blotting Results SOD (SOD (GSH hypoxiareoxygenation hypoxia reoxygenation H/R, HR , H (H/R) MDA (MDA Fe2 Fe However Besides dosedependent dose dependent manner Moreover TLR/Nox4pathwayassociated TLRNox4pathwayassociated group TLRNox4 TLRNox TLR/Nox Conclusions thus 5 ( 1 Nox4pathwayassociated pathwayassociated TLR4Nox4 TLR4/Nox (H/R Noxpathwayassociated TLR4Nox

Abstract Introduction Periodontitis is an infectious-inflammatory disease resulting from microbial dysbiosis and host response that leads to the destruction of tooth support tissues, including periodontal collagen fibers, which may culminate in tooth loss. Objective To evaluate the behavior of periodontal collagen fibers during the progression of induced experimental periodontitis in rats. Material and method Twelve Wistar rats were distributed into groups: Control (C), 14-days Experimental Periodontitis (PE-14d), 21-days Experimental Periodontitis (PE-21d) and 42-days Experimental Periodontitis (PE-42d). At day 0, the animals of group C were euthanized. At the same day, the remaining animals were submitted to the installation of a cotton ligature around the lower left first molar for the induction of experimental periodontitis. The animals were euthanized at 14 (PE-14d), 21 (PE-21d) and 42 (PE-42d) days after the installation of ligature. Histological processing of the hemi-mandibles was performed and the sections underwent histochemical reaction using picro-sirius red. The descriptive qualitative analysis was performed under polarized light microscopy, in the dental furcation region, evidencing the fibers of the periodontal ligament. Result Group C exhibited thick and oriented bundles of mature collagen fibers, consistent with a normal appearance. The groups with experimental periodontitis exhibited severe tissue disruption, with immature and thinner collagen fibers, with such conditions being more exacerbated in the PE-14d and PE-21d groups. Conclusion The early stages of periodontitis present acute response, and therefore result in rapid destruction of periodontal support tissues and potentially impair fibrillogenesis and collagen restructuring in the periodontal ligament. infectiousinflammatory infectious inflammatory loss C, , (C) 14days PE14d, PE14d PEd PE 14d d (PE-14d) 21days PE21d 21d (PE-21d 42days PE42d. PE42d 42d . 0 1 2 4 (PE-42d hemimandibles hemi mandibles picrosirius picro sirius red microscopy region ligament appearance disruption (C (PE-14d

Resumo Introdução A periodontite é uma doença infecto-inflamatória, resultante da disbiose microbiana e da resposta do hospedeiro, que leva à destruição dos tecidos de suporte dentário, inclusive das fibras colágenas periodontais, podendo culminar na perda do elemento dental. Objetivo Avaliar o comportamento das fibras colágenas periodontais durante a progressão da periodontite experimental induzida em ratos. Material e método Doze ratos Wistar foram distribuídos nos grupos: Controle (C), Periodontite Experimental 14-dias (PE-14d), Periodontite Experimental 21-dias (PE-21d) e Periodontite Experimental 42-dias (PE-42d). No dia 0, os animais do grupo C foram eutanasiados. Neste mesmo dia, os animais remanescentes foram submetidos à instalação de uma ligadura de algodão ao redor do primeiro molar inferior esquerdo para indução da periodontite experimental. Tais animais foram eutanasiados aos 14 (PE-14d), 21 (PE-21d) e 42 (PE-42d) dias após a instalação da ligadura. Executou-se o processamento histológico das hemimandíbulas e as secções foram submetidas à reação histoquímica pelo vermelho picro-sirius. A análise qualitativa descritiva foi realizada sob microscopia de luz polarizada, na região de furca dental, evidenciando as fibras do ligamento periodontal. Resultado O grupo C exibiu feixes espessos e orientados de fibras colágenas maduras, condizentes com aspecto de normalidade. Os grupos com periodontite experimental exibiram desestruturação tecidual severa, com fibras colágenas imaturas e de menor espessura, sendo tais condições mais exacerbadas nos grupos PE-14d e PE-21d. Conclusão As fases iniciais da periodontite apresentam caráter agudo e, portanto, resultam na rápida destruição dos tecidos periodontais de suporte, prejudicando potencialmente a fibrilogênese e a reestruturação do colágeno no ligamento periodontal. infectoinflamatória, infectoinflamatória infecto inflamatória, inflamatória infecto-inflamatória hospedeiro dentário dental C, , (C) 14dias PE14d, PE14d PEd PE 14d d (PE-14d) 21dias PE21d 21d (PE-21d 42dias PE42d. PE42d 42d . 0 1 2 4 (PE-42d Executouse Executou se picrosirius. picrosirius picro sirius. sirius picro-sirius polarizada periodontal maduras normalidade severa espessura PE21d. 21d. PE-21d portanto (C (PE-14d

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the ocular surface and meibomian gland morphology in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) smokers. Methods: The upper and lower eyelids of 25 male e-cigarette smokers and 25 healthy male non-smoker patients were evaluated using Sirius meibography. Meibomian glands loss was automatically calculated using Phoenix meibography imaging software module, with the result obtained as percentage loss. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear breakup time test, and Schirmer II test were administered and performed in all cases. Results: The mean e-cigarette smoking duration was 4.9 ± 0.9 (range, 3.4-7) years. While the mean Schirmer II test value was 9.16 ± 2.09 mm in e-cigarette group, it was 11.20 ± 2.14 mm in control group (p=0.003). Mean tear breakup time was 6.96 ± 2.31 seconds in e-cigarette group and 9.84 ± 2.13 seconds in control group (p=0.002). The mean OSDI value was 28.60 ± 6.54 and 15.16 ± 7.23 in e-cigarette and control groups, respectively (p<0.001). In Sirius meibography, the average loss for the upper eyelid was 23.08% ± 6.55% in e-cigarette group and 17.60% ± 4.94% in control group (p=0.002), and the average loss for the lower eyelid was 27.84% ± 5.98% and 18.44% ± 5.91%, respectively (p<0.001). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was identified between the loss rates for both upper and lower eyelid meibography with e-cigarette smoking duration (r=0.348, p<0.013 and r=0.550, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Long-term e-cigarette smoking causes damage to the meibomian glands; therefore, meibomian gland damage should be considered in ocular surface disorders due to e-cigarette smoking. Purpose ecigarette e (e-cigarette Methods 2 nonsmoker non smoker module (OSDI questionnaire cases Results 49 4 9 4. 09 0 0. range, range (range 3.47 347 3.4 7 3 3.4-7 years 916 16 9.1 209 2.0 1120 11 20 11.2 214 14 2.1 p=0.003. p0003 p p=0.003 . 003 (p=0.003) 696 6 96 6.9 231 31 2.3 984 84 9.8 213 13 p=0.002. p0002 p=0.002 002 (p=0.002) 2860 28 60 28.6 654 54 6.5 1516 15 15.1 723 23 7.2 groups p<0.001. p0001 p<0.001 001 (p<0.001) 2308 08 23.08 655 55 6.55 1760 17 17.60 494 94 4.94 p=0.002, , 2784 27 27.84 598 5 98 5.98 1844 18 44 18.44 591 91 5.91% Additionally r=0.348, r0348 r 348 (r=0.348 p0013 013 p<0.01 r0550 550 r=0.550 respectively. respectively) Conclusion Longterm Long term therefore 47 34 3. 3.4- 1 9. 2. 112 11. 21 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.003 69 6. 8 (p=0.002 286 28. 65 151 15. 72 7. p<0.00 (p<0.001 230 23.0 176 17.6 278 27.8 59 5.9 184 18.4 5.91 r=0.348 r034 (r=0.34 p001 01 p<0.0 r055 r=0.55 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 (p<0.00 23. 17. 27. 5. 18. r=0.34 r03 (r=0.3 p<0. r05 r=0.5 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 (p<0.0 r=0.3 r0 (r=0. p<0 r=0. p=0 (p=0. (p<0. (r=0 p< r=0 p= (p=0 (p<0 (r= r= (p= (p< (r (p

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a superfície ocular e a morfologia da glândula meibomiana em usuários de cigarros eletrônicos. Métodos: Foram avaliadas através de meibografia Sirius as pálpebras superiores e inferiores de 25 usuários de cigarros eletrônicos do sexo masculino e 25 pacientes não usuários saudáveis, também do sexo masculino. A perda nas glândulas meibomianas foi calculada automaticamente com o módulo de software de imagem de meibografia Phoenix. O resultado foi obtido como perda percentual. O questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), o teste do tempo de ruptura lacrimal e o teste de Schirmer II foram administrados em todos os casos. Resultados: A duração média do uso de cigarros eletrônicos foi de 4,9 ± 0,9 anos (intervalo de 3,4-7 anos). O valor médio do teste de Schirmer II foi de 9,16 ± 2,09 mm no grupo de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e de 11,20 ± 2,14 mm no grupo controle (p=0,003). O valor médio do teste do tempo de ruptura lacrimal foi de 6,96 ± 2,31 segundos no grupo de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e 9,84 ± 2,13 segundos no grupo controle (p=0,002). O valor médio do Ocular Surface Disease Index foi de 28,60 ± 6,54 e 15,16 ± 7,23 para os grupos de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e controle, respectivamente (p<0,001). Na meibografia de Sirius, a perda média para a pálpebra superior foi de 23,08 ± 6,55% para o grupo de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e 17,60 ± 4,94% para o grupo controle (p=0,002), e a perda média para a pálpebra inferior foi de 27,84 ± 5,98% e 18,44 ± 5,91%, respectivamente (p<0,001). Além disso, foi observada uma correlação positiva significativa entre a taxa de perda na meibografia palpebral superior e inferior com a duração do tabagismo eletrônico, respectivamente de (r=0,348, p<0,013) e (r=0,550, p<0,001). Conclusão: O uso prolongado de cigarros eletrônicos causa danos às glândulas meibomianas. Portanto, esses danos devem ser considerados em distúrbios da superfície ocular devidos ao uso desses dispositivos. Objetivo Métodos 2 saudáveis Phoenix percentual OSDI, OSDI , (OSDI) casos Resultados 49 4 9 4, 09 0 0, intervalo 3,47 347 3,4 7 3 3,4- anos. . anos) 916 16 9,1 209 2,0 1120 11 20 11,2 214 14 2,1 p=0,003. p0003 p p=0,003 003 (p=0,003) 696 6 96 6,9 231 31 2,3 984 84 9,8 213 13 p=0,002. p0002 p=0,002 002 (p=0,002) 2860 28 60 28,6 654 54 6,5 1516 15 15,1 723 23 7,2 p<0,001. p0001 p<0,001 001 (p<0,001) 2308 08 23,0 655 55 6,55 1760 17 17,6 494 94 4,94 p=0,002, 2784 27 27,8 598 5 98 5,98 1844 18 44 18,4 591 91 5,91% disso eletrônico r=0,348, r0348 r 348 (r=0,348 p<0,013 p0013 013 r=0,550, r0550 550 (r=0,550 p<0,001) Conclusão Portanto dispositivos (OSDI 47 34 3, 1 9, 2, 112 11, 21 p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,003 69 6, 8 (p=0,002 286 28, 65 151 15, 72 7, p<0,00 (p<0,001 230 23, 176 17, 278 27, 59 5,9 184 18, 5,91 r=0,348 r034 (r=0,34 p<0,01 p001 01 r=0,550 r055 (r=0,55 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,00 p<0,0 (p<0,00 5, r=0,34 r03 (r=0,3 r=0,55 r05 (r=0,5 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 p<0, (p<0,0 r=0,3 r0 (r=0, r=0,5 p=0 (p=0, p<0 (p<0, r=0, (r=0 p= (p=0 p< (p<0 r=0 (r= (p= (p< r= (r (p

Abstract The search for treatments that accelerate the healing of lesions is of constant interest. Matricaria recutita (chamomile) is a plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, and antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) eradicates microorganisms, which favors tissue repair. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the topical use of chamomile with or without aPDT on tissue repair in rats’ tongues. Methodology A total of 75 male Wistar rats underwent standardized ulceration on the dorsum of the tongue using a punch of 5 mm diameter and were randomly allocated into the following groups: control (G1), chamomile fluid extract (G2), chamomile infusion (G3), aPDT (G4), and chamomile infusion + aPDT (G5). On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days postoperatively, euthanasia was performed, and the ulcers were measured using calipers. The presence of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, re-epithelialization, and characterization of total collagen were evaluated using sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Red Sirius. Histomorphometry analyses of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. Descriptive (absolute/relative frequencies and modes) and exploratory analyses were performed. The associations between the groups and the presence of ulcers were analyzed with Fisher’s exact test. All analyses were performed using the R program and statistical significance was set at p=0.05. Results The G2 positively modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of repair, both clinically (p<0.0001) and histologically, whether in descriptive or inferential analyses (p<0.05). The G3 showed a significant difference in clinical parameters compared with G1 (p<0.0001). The G4 and G5 did not positively modulate tissue repair. Conclusion The chamomile fluid extract showed better outcomes for tissue repair in the rat tongue. interest (chamomile antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, anti-inflammatory properties (aPDT microorganisms tongues 7 G1, G , (G1) G2, (G2) G3, (G3) G4, (G4) G5. . (G5) 3rd rd 7th th postoperatively calipers edema infiltrate cellularity reepithelialization, reepithelialization re epithelialization, epithelialization re-epithelialization Sirius surface absolute/relative absoluterelative absolute relative modes Fishers Fisher s test p005 p 0 05 p=0.05 p<0.0001 p00001 0001 (p<0.0001 histologically p<0.05. p<0.05 (p<0.05) p<0.0001. (G1 (G2 (G3 (G4 (G5 p00 p=0.0 p<0.000 p0000 000 (p<0.000 p<0.0 (p<0.05 (G p0 p=0. p<0.00 p000 00 (p<0.00 p<0. (p<0.0 p=0 p<0 (p<0. p= p< (p<0 (p< (p

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the Shikonin (SHI) induce autophagy of hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts (HSFs) and the mechanism of which in repairing hypertrophic scar. Methods: This study showed that SHI induced autophagy from HSFs and repaired skin scars through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Alamar Blue and Sirius red were used to identify cell activity and collagen. Electron microscopy, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, fluorescence and other methods were used to identify autophagy. The differences in the expression of autophagy and AMPK/mTOR pathway-related proteins after SHI treatment were quantitatively analyzed by Western blots. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the expression of LC3, AMPK and ULK after adding chloroquine (CQ) autophagy inhibitor. Results: After treatment with SHI for 24 hours, it was found that the viability of HSFs was significantly reduced, the protein expression of LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin1 increased, while the protein expression of P62 decreased. The expression of phosphorylated AMPK increased and expression of phosphorylated mTOR decreased. After the use of CQ, the cell autophagy caused by SHI was blocked. The key genes LC3 and P62 were then reexamined by immunohistochemistry using a porcine full-thickness burn hypertrophic scar model, and the results verified that SHI could induce autophagy in vivo. Conclusions: These findings suggested that SHI promoted autophagy of HSFs cells, and the potential mechanism may be related to the AMPK/mTOR signal pathway, which provided new insights for the treatment of hypertrophic scars. Purpose (SHI scarderived derived (HSFs Methods AMPKmTOR pathway collagen microscopy labelfree label free analysis pathwayrelated blots realtime real time LC CQ (CQ inhibitor Results 2 hours reduced LC3II/LC3I LC3IILC3I LCIILCI II/LC3 I II Beclin P P6 decreased blocked fullthickness full thickness model vivo Conclusions cells LC3II LC3I IILC IILC3 II/LC LCII LCI

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a superfície ocular e a morfologia da glândula meibomiana em usuários de cigarros eletrônicos. Métodos: Foram avaliadas através de meibografia Sirius as pálpebras superiores e inferiores de 25 usuários de cigarros eletrônicos do sexo masculino e 25 pacientes não usuários saudáveis, também do sexo masculino. A perda nas glândulas meibomianas foi calculada automaticamente com o módulo de software de imagem de meibografia Phoenix. O resultado foi obtido como perda percentual. O questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), o teste do tempo de ruptura lacrimal e o teste de Schirmer II foram administrados em todos os casos. Resultados: A duração média do uso de cigarros eletrônicos foi de 4,9 ± 0,9 anos (intervalo de 3,4-7 anos). O valor médio do teste de Schirmer II foi de 9,16 ± 2,09 mm no grupo de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e de 11,20 ± 2,14 mm no grupo controle (p=0,003). O valor médio do teste do tempo de ruptura lacrimal foi de 6,96 ± 2,31 segundos no grupo de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e 9,84 ± 2,13 segundos no grupo controle (p=0,002). O valor médio do Ocular Surface Disease Index foi de 28,60 ± 6,54 e 15,16 ± 7,23 para os grupos de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e controle, respectivamente (p<0,001). Na meibografia de Sirius, a perda média para a pálpebra superior foi de 23,08 ± 6,55% para o grupo de usuários de cigarros eletrônicos e 17,60 ± 4,94% para o grupo controle (p=0,002), e a perda média para a pálpebra inferior foi de 27,84 ± 5,98% e 18,44 ± 5,91%, respectivamente (p<0,001). Além disso, foi observada uma correlação positiva significativa entre a taxa de perda na meibografia palpebral superior e inferior com a duração do tabagismo eletrônico, respectivamente de (r=0,348, p<0,013) e (r=0,550, p<0,001). Conclusão: O uso prolongado de cigarros eletrônicos causa danos às glândulas meibomianas. Portanto, esses danos devem ser considerados em distúrbios da superfície ocular devidos ao uso desses dispositivos.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the ocular surface and meibomian gland morphology in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) smokers. Methods: The upper and lower eyelids of 25 male e-cigarette smokers and 25 healthy male non-smoker patients were evaluated using Sirius meibography. Meibomian glands loss was automatically calculated using Phoenix meibography imaging software module, with the result obtained as percentage loss. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear breakup time test, and Schirmer II test were administered and performed in all cases. Results: The mean e-cigarette smoking duration was 4.9 ± 0.9 (range, 3.4-7) years. While the mean Schirmer II test value was 9.16 ± 2.09 mm in e-cigarette group, it was 11.20 ± 2.14 mm in control group (p=0.003). Mean tear breakup time was 6.96 ± 2.31 seconds in e-cigarette group and 9.84 ± 2.13 seconds in control group (p=0.002). The mean OSDI value was 28.60 ± 6.54 and 15.16 ± 7.23 in e-cigarette and control groups, respectively (p<0.001). In Sirius meibography, the average loss for the upper eyelid was 23.08% ± 6.55% in e-cigarette group and 17.60% ± 4.94% in control group (p=0.002), and the average loss for the lower eyelid was 27.84% ± 5.98% and 18.44% ± 5.91%, respectively (p<0.001). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was identified between the loss rates for both upper and lower eyelid meibography with e-cigarette smoking duration (r=0.348, p<0.013 and r=0.550, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Long-term e-cigarette smoking causes damage to the meibomian glands; therefore, meibomian gland damage should be considered in ocular surface disorders due to e-cigarette smoking.

Abstract A new hermit crab of the genus Calcinus Dana, 1851 is described from a specimen collected at a depth of 100 m near Rapa Island, Austral Islands, French Polynesia. In a previous report, we had reported this specimen provisionally as Calcinus aff. sirius, pending availability of live color data for Calcinus sirius Morgan, 1991. Recently obtained color photographs of live C. sirius from the Solitary Islands, Eastern Australia, has shown that the specimen from Rapa Island is distinct from Morgan’s taxon and represents a new species which is fully illustrated and described herein as Calcinus shawi sp. nov. The morphology and coloration of this new species are compared with the closely allied C. sirius and Calcinus dapsiles Morgan, 1989.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Histological staining techniques are useful in the ultrastructural analysis of tissue samples, including gingival tissue. Objective: Compare the usefulness of three histochemical methods (hematoxylin-eosin, Masson-Goldner and sirius red) for identification of cellular elements and other constituents of gingival tissue. Methods: An in vitro experimental study was conducted which included the analysis of gingival tissue from healthy donors without gingival inflammation signs and indication of periodontal surgery. The gum samples were obtained by gingivectomy, processed with paraffin, cut with a microtome and placed on Polysine adhesion slides. The samples were grouped, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson Goldner and sirius red, and visualized under a Leica DM 750® microscope. Reading of the findings was performed by oral pathologists. Results: Hematoxylin-eosin staining found cellular and extracellular elements of the epithelial and connective tissue: violet-blue nuclei, pink cytoplasms, light rose collagen fibers, and arterioles and venules with differentiated tunica adventitia, media and intima. Masson-Goldner staining differentiated purple nuclei and fuchsia cytoplasm. It displayed specificity identifying green collagen fibers with dense, homogeneous and parallel distribution in the gingival connective tissue. Sirius red staining allowed identification of bright rose collagen fibers, whereas epithelial tissue and blood vessels were yellow. Conclusion: Each of the histological staining methods evaluated in the study shows a certain affinity with and sensitivity to cellular structures and components of the specific extracellular matrix. All three are useful for the study of gingival tissue and could contribute to the analysis of gingival biopsies.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las técnicas de coloración histológica son útiles en el análisis ultraestructural de muestras tisulares, incluyendo el tejido gingival. Objetivo: Comparar la utilidad de tres métodos histoquímicos (hematoxilina-eosina, Masson Goldner y rojo sirio) en la identificación de elementos celulares y otros constituyentes del tejido gingival. Métodos: Estudio experimental in vitro que comprendió el análisis de tejidos gingivales de donantes sanos sin signos de inflamación gingival y con indicación de cirugía periodontal. Las muestras de encía se obtuvieron mediante gingivectomía, se procesaron e incluyeron en parafina, posteriormente se realizaron cortes con un micrótomo y se depositaron en portaobjetos de adhesión con polisina. Las muestras se agruparon y fueron teñidas con hematoxilina-eosina, Masson Goldner y rojo sirio, finalmente fueron visualizadas en un microscopio óptico Leica DM 750®. La lectura de los hallazgos fue realizada por patólogos orales. Resultados: La coloración hematoxilina-eosina evidencia elementos celulares y extracelulares del tejido epitelial y conectivo. Núcleos de color azul violeta, citoplasmas rosados, fibras de colágeno de matiz rosa claro, arteriolas y vénulas con túnica adventicia, media e íntima diferenciadas. La coloración Masson Goldner diferencia núcleos de coloración púrpura y citoplasma fucsia, presenta especificidad en identificar fibras de colágeno con tonalidad verde, distribuidas densa, homogénea y paralelamente en el tejido conectivo gingival. La tinción rojo sirio, permitió identificar las fibras de colágeno de color rosa brillante, mientras que el tejido epitelial y los vasos sanguíneos fueron de color amarillo. Conclusión: Cada coloración histológica evaluada en el presente trabajo tiene cierta afinidad y sensibilidad por estructuras celulares y componentes de la matriz extracelular específica. Su empleo es útil en el estudio de tejidos gingivales y podrían contribuir en el análisis de biopsias gingivales.

Resumen Introducción: La hipertrofia gingival (HG) es el aumento del volumen de la encía asociado a ciertas enfermedades sistémicas, hereditarias (idiopático), ingesta de algunos medicamentos o a factores locales como el tratamiento ortodóntico, capaz de provocar cambios histológicos en el tejido conectivo gingival. Objetivo: Describir las características histológicas e identificar el colágeno tipo I y tipo III en tejidos gingivales de sujetos con hipertrofia gingival portadores de ortodoncia. Materiales y método: Se diseñó un estudio de casos y controles que incluyó el análisis de biopsias de tejido gingival de 12 pacientes sometidos a cirugías periodontales. La muestra se dividió en dos grupos: individuos sanos (control; n= 6) y pacientes con HG portadores de ortodoncia (pacientes; n= 6). Las muestras fueron procesadas e incluidas en parafina. Las tinciones Masson-Goldner y rojo sirius/verde rápido fueron empleadas. El colágeno tipo I y tipo III fueron identificados mediante inmunohistoquímica con anticuerpos monoclonales. Resultado: En los pacientes con HG portadores de ortodoncia se observó un epitelio hiperplásico y tejido conectivo denso con abundantes fibras de colágeno distribuidos aleatoriamente. La inmunodetención de colágeno tipo I indicó la presencia de abundantes fibras desorganizadas y el colágeno tipo III fue inmunolocalizado subyacente a la membrana basal, vasos sanguíneos y toda la extensión del tejido conectivo de los pacientes con HG con tratamiento ortodóntico. Conclusión: La acumulación de fibras de colágeno, particularmente del colágeno tipo I y tipo III, son hallazgos histológicos que caracterizan la HG en pacientes portadores de ortodoncia. Futuros estudios son necesarios para dilucidar el fenotipo de los fibroblastos gingivales y la probable pérdida homeostática entre la producción y degradación de colágeno en esta patología.

Abstract Introduction: Gingival hypertrophy (GH) is the increase in the volume of the gingiva associated with certain systemic, hereditary (idiopathic) diseases, the intake of some medications or local factors such as orthodontic treatment, capable of causing histological changes in the gingival connective tissue. Objective: To describe the histological characteristics and identify type I and type III collagen in gingival tissues of subjects with gingival hypertrophy wearing orthodontics. Method: A case-control study was designed that included the analysis of gingival tissue biopsies from 12 patients submitted to periodontal surgeries. The sample was divided into two groups: healthy individuals (Control; n= 6) and patients with GH wearing orthodontics (Patients; n= 6). The samples were processed and embedded in paraffin. Masson-goldner and sirius red/fast green stains were used. Type I and type III collagen were identified by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies. Result: A hyperplastic epithelium and dense connective tissue with abundant randomly distributed collagen fibers were observed in patients with orthodontic GH. Immunodetention of type I collagen indicated the presence of abundant disorganized fibers and type III collagen was inmunolocalized underlying the basement membrane, blood vessels and the entire extension of the connective tissue of patients with GH orthodontic. Conclusion: The accumulation of collagen fibers, particularly type I and type III collagen, are histological findings that characterize GH in orthodontic wearers. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the phenotype of gingival fibroblasts and the probable homeostatic loss between collagen production and degradation in this pathology.

Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados de una evaluación heurística de usabilidad aplicada a 17 sitios web de bibliotecas de universidades públicas chilenas, a través del método SIRIUS, “Sistema de Evaluación de la Usabilidad Web Orientado al Usuario y Basado en la Determinación de Tareas Críticas”. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la pauta fija de SIRIUS que contiene 10 heurísticas subdivididas en un total de 83 sub-heurísticas evaluadas por cinco personas expertas con conocimiento en sitios web de bibliotecas y usabilidad. Los resultados indican que las bibliotecas universitarias mejor evaluadas presentan buenos mecanismos de rotulado, layout (diseño) y facilidad de interacción, mientras que, en su conjunto, los sitios web carecen de ayudas de navegación para las personas usuarias. Finalmente, se concluye que la evaluación heurística es un método válido, rápido, fácil y aplicable en sitios web de bibliotecas universitarias, siempre y cuando se definan adecuadamente las personas expertas y las heurísticas. Asimismo, SIRIUS resulta una herramienta adecuada al contar con una pauta fija que permite obtener evaluaciones con rapidez y facilitar la comparación de sus resultados.

Abstract This article presents the results of a heuristic usability evaluation applied to 17 websites of libraries of public chilean universities, using the SIRIUS method ”System of Web Usability Evaluation, User Oriented and Based on the Determination of Critical Tasks” For data collection, SIRIUS fixed guideline was used, which contains 10 heuristics that are subdivided into a total of 83 sub-heuristics evaluated by 5 experts with knowledge about libraries and usability websites. The results indicate that the best evaluated university libraries have good labeling mechanisms, layout and ease of interaction, while, as a whole, the websites lack navigation aids for their users. Finally, it is concluded that heuristic evaluation is a valid, fast, easy and applicable method in university library websites, as long as experts and heuristics are properly defined. Likewise, SIRIUS is an adequate tool since it has a fixed guideline that allows evaluations to be obtained quickly and to facilitate the comparison of its results.

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the effect of light-emitting diode (LED) in an experimental model of radiodermatitis. Methods Ten male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were analyzed. Radiation was delivered in a single dose (20 Gy with Strontium-90 dermatological plaques), two areas per animal. After 15 days, they were divided into two groups: control group (n = 5) and LED group (n = 5), which was treated during 21 days later (LED 660 nm, 10 min in alternate days). The endpoints were radiodermatitis scale, histological analysis HE, Picrius Sirius and the gene expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Results The LED group showed a higher number of dermal appendages (p = 0.04) and angiogenesis(p = 0.007), a tendency towards higher IL-10 (p = 0.06) and an increase in MMP-9 (p = 0.004) when compared to the control group. Conclusions This study suggested that the use of LED for radiodermatitis increased skin regeneration.

SUMMARY: Histological techniques are the study of animal and human tissues through staining and examining them under a microscope. To demonstrate the axonal degeneration and demyelination in histological studies, the Luxol Fast Blue staining is gold standard techniques. In this study, a new histochemical method based on modified Luxol Fast Blue for the staining of the myelin sheath in sciatic nerve tissues described. The sciatic nerves of rats were removed and then the sciatic nerve was immersed in 10 % formaldehyde for one week and embedded in paraffin block. Next, thin sections (5 µm) were cut, using a microtome and stained with conventional and modified Luxol Fast Blue. Our results showed that a new method of modified Luxol Fast Blue staining can accurately identify the myelin in the sciatic nerve fibers. The current study showed that the Luxol Fast Blue combination with Light Green has a good effect on myelin coloration, and the results of this study are comparable to LFB combination with Sirius red.

RESUMEN: Las técnicas histológicas son el estudio de tejidos animales y humanos mediante tinción y examen bajo un microscopio. Para demostrar la degeneración axonal y la desmielinización en estudios histológicos, la tinción Luxol Fast Blue es una técnica estándar de oro. En este estudio, se describe un nuevo método histoquímico basado en Luxol Fast Blue modificado para la tinción de mielina en los tejidos del nervio ciático. Se seccionaron los nervios ciáticos de ratas y luego el nervio ciático se sumergió en formaldehído al 10 % durante una semana y se fijó en bloque de parafina. Posteriormente, se cortaron secciones delgadas (5 µm) usando un microtomo y se tiñeron con Luxol Fast Blue convencional y modificado. Nuestros resultados mostraron que un nuevo método de tinción Luxol Fast Blue modificado puede identificar con precisión la mielina en las fibras del nervio ciático. El estudio actual mostró que la combinación Luxol Fast Blue con Light Green es un buen efecto sobre la coloración de mielina, y los resultados de este estudio son comparables a la combinación LFB con Sirius red.