ABSTRACT Objectives To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with epidermolysis bullosa (EB) at the Instituto Nacional de Salud (INSN) in Lima, Peru; a National Reference Center for this disease. Materials and methods Observational, descriptive and transversal study. We reviewed the clinical histories and laboratory tests of patients diagnosed with EB treated in INSN from 1993 to 2015. Results 93 patients were registered. The average age was 7.9 ± 5.6 years; 53.8% (n = 50) were boys. Clinical forms corresponded to dystrophic EB with 41 (44.1%) cases, simple EB with 39 (41.9%), union EB cases with 8 (8.6%) and Kindler syndrome with 4 (4.3%) cases. The clinical form could not be identified in a case. A total of 48 cases (51.6%) came from Lima and Callao, and 45 cases (48.4%) from other provinces of the country. Extracutaneous manifestations involved gastrointestinal (44.1%), ocular (37.6%), odontogenic (87.1%), and nutritional (79.6%) involvement, as well as pseudosindactilia (16.1%). Chronic malnutrition (71.6%), acute malnutrition (17.6%) and anemia (62.4%) were found. Mortality corresponded to 6 cases (6.5%). Conclusions 93 cases of EB were reported in INSN, the predominant clinical presentation was the dystrophic form.

RESUMEN Objetivos Describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes diagnosticados con epidermólisis bullosa (EB), en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (INSN) en Lima, Perú; centro de referencia nacional para esta enfermedad. Material y métodos Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y exámenes de laboratorio de los pacientes diagnosticados de EB atendidos en el INSN desde 1993 al 2015. Resultados Fueron registrados 93 pacientes. La edad promedio fue de 7,9 ± 5,6 años; el 53,8% (n=50) fueron hombres. Las formas clínicas correspondieron a EB distrófica con 41 (44,1%) casos, EB simple con 39 (41,9%) casos, EB de la unión con 8 (8,6%) y al síndrome de Kindler con 4 (4,3%) casos. No se pudo identificar la forma clínica en un caso. Procedían de Lima y Callao 48 casos (51,6%) y 45 casos (48,4%) de otras provincias del país. Entre las manifestaciones extracutáneas se registraron compromiso gastrointestinal (44,1%), ocular (37,6%), odontogénico (87,1%), nutricional (79,6%), además de pseudosindactilia (16,1%). Se halló desnutrición crónica (71,6%), desnutrición aguda (17,6%) y anemia en (62,4%). La mortalidad correspondió a 6 casos (6,5%). Conclusiones Se reportan 93 casos de EB en el INSN, la presentación clínica predominante fue la forma distrófica.

Objectives. To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with epidermolysis bullosa (EB) at the Instituto Nacional de Salud (INSN) in Lima, Peru; a National Reference Center for this disease. Materials and methods. Observational, descriptive and transversal study. We reviewed the clinical histories and laboratory tests of patients diagnosed with EB treated in INSN from 1993 to 2015. Results. 93 patients were registered. The average age was 7.9 ± 5.6 years; 53.8% (n = 50) were boys. Clinical forms corresponded to dystrophic EB with 41 (44.1%) cases, simple EB with 39 (41.9%), union EB cases with 8 (8.6%) and Kindler syndrome with 4 (4.3%) cases. The clinical form could not be identified in a case. A total of 48 cases (51.6%) came from Lima and Callao, and 45 cases (48.4%) from other provinces of the country. Extracutaneous manifestations involved gastrointestinal (44.1%), ocular (37.6%), odontogenic (87.1%), and nutritional (79.6%) involvement, as well as pseudosindactilia (16.1%). Chronic malnutrition (71.6%), acute malnutrition (17.6%) and anemia (62.4%) were found. Mortality corresponded to 6 cases (6.5%). Conclusions. 93 cases of EB were reported in INSN, the predominant clinical presentation was the dystrophic form.

Objetivos. Describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes diagnosticados con epidermólisis bullosa (EB), en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (INSN) en Lima, Perú; centro de referencia nacional para esta enfermedad. Material y métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y exámenes de laboratorio de los pacientes diagnosticados de EB atendidos en el INSN desde 1993 al 2015. Resultados. Fueron registrados 93 pacientes. La edad promedio fue de 7,9 ± 5,6 años; el 53,8% (n=50) fueron hombres. Las formas clínicas correspondieron a EB distrófica con 41 (44,1%) casos, EB simple con 39 (41,9%) casos, EB de la unión con 8 (8,6%) y al síndrome de Kindler con 4 (4,3%) casos. No se pudo identificar la forma clínica en un caso. Procedían de Lima y Callao 48 casos (51,6%) y 45 casos (48,4%) de otras provincias del país. Entre las manifestaciones extracutáneas se registraron compromiso gastrointestinal (44,1%), ocular (37,6%), odontogénico (87,1%), nutricional (79,6%), además de pseudosindactilia (16,1%). Se halló desnutrición crónica (71,6%), desnutrición aguda (17,6%) y anemia en (62,4%). La mortalidad correspondió a 6 casos (6,5%). Conclusiones. Se reportan 93 casos de EB en el INSN, la presentación clínica predominante fue la forma distrófica.

Nós relatamos uma paciente feminina de 28 anos com Síndrome de Kindler, uma forma rara de Epidermólise Bolhosa. Clinicamente, ela apresentava alterações cutâneas pigmentares disseminadas, fotossensibilidade e fragilidade da pele e das mucosas desde a infância. O envolvimento mucoso levou à estomatite erosiva e a estenoses esofágica, anal e vaginal, as quais necessitaram de intervenções cirúrgicas. O diagnóstico de Síndrome de Kindler foi confirmado por sequenciamento de DNA, que demonstrou heterozigose composta uma combinação de mutações uma nonsense e outra frameshift (p.Arg110X; p.Ala289GlyfsX7) no gene FERMT1.

We report the case of a 28-year-old woman with Kindler syndrome, a rare form of epidermolysis bullosa. Clinically, since childhood, she had widespread pigmentary changes in her skin as well as photosensitivity and fragility of the skin and mucous membranes. The mucosal involvement led to an erosive stomatitis as well as esophageal, anal and vaginal stenoses, requiring surgical intervention. The diagnosis of Kindler syndrome was confirmed by DNA sequencing with compound heterozygosity for a nonsense/frameshift combination of mutations (p.Arg110X; p.Ala289GlyfsX7) in the FERMT1 gene.

A síndrome de Kindler é uma genodermatose rara, autossômica recessiva, caracterizada pela presença de bolhas induzidas por traumas, fotossensibilidade, atrofia cutânea e poiquilodermia progressiva. A alteração genética da síndrome foi descrita em 2003, com a identificação de mutação no gene KINDIN1, localizado no cromossomo 20p12.3. Nesse trabalho relata-se a presença da síndrome de Kindler em irmãos, filhos de pais consangüíneos, que apresentavam, desde a infância, fotossensibilidade, bolhas após pequenos traumas, poiquilodermia, atrofia cutânea e periodontite.

Kindler syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by trauma-induced blisters, progressive poikiloderma and varying degrees of photosensitivity. In 2003, loss-of-function mutations were identified in the gene KIND1 mapped to chromosome 20p12.3. In this paper, we report Kindler syndrome in two children born to consanguineous parents presenting acral blistering, photosensitivity, poikiloderma, cutaneous atrophy and periodontitis.