Abstract: This study aims to identify and analyze the main research streams on digital safety and online privacy related to higher education students. Students are at risk of cybercrime, including online harassment, identity theft, and exposure to inappropriate content. A systematic literature review is conducted on digital security, cybersecurity, Internet security, online safety, and use of digital technologies. The results show that publications on digital security for higher education students have increased consistently during the last two decades. The main research streams are: digital risk and student perspectives, digital children, digital teenagers, online harassment, and digital behavior. In conclusion, this study provides a wide assessment on digital security for university students and highlights the importance of future research on improving awareness and safety on digital environments for teenagers.

Resumen: Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar las principales corrientes de investigación en seguridad digital y privacidad en línea para estudiantes de educación superior. Los estudiantes están en riesgo de ser víctimas de ciberdelitos, como el acoso en línea, el robo de identidad y la exposición a contenido inapropiado. Se realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre seguridad digital, ciberseguridad, seguridad en Internet y uso de tecnologías digitales. Los resultados muestran que la producción científica sobre seguridad digital en estudiantes de educación superior ha experimentado un crecimiento sostenido durante las últimas dos décadas. Las corrientes de investigación más destacadas son: riesgo digital y perspectivas estudiantiles, digital children, jóvenes digitales, ciberacoso y comportamiento digital. En conclusión, se proporciona una visión amplia sobre la seguridad digital en estudiantes universitarios y se destaca la importancia de futuras investigaciones para mejorar la conciencia y protección de los jóvenes en el entorno digital.

Abstract Overview and Aims: Delayed motherhood is a reality today, especially for women with higher levels of education. Elective oocyte cryopreservation reduces the risk of future infertility. Despite increasing discussions in the media and social networks, most women are not adequately informed about the fertility decline associated with age and the associated risk factors. The aim of our study was to access the knowledge and attitudes regarding motherhood, fertility, and elective oocyte cryopreservation among young female university students in Portugal. Study Design: Observational and descriptive study. Population: Female college students. Methods: Data were collected through an online Google Forms® survey during August and September 2023. Results: A total of 266 female students were included in the study, with an average age of 22.46 years (±4.2). When asked about their willingness to have children in the future, 65% (n=173) of participants responded “yes”, 24.8% (n=66) “maybe”, and 10.2% (n=27) “no”. The main reasons cited for “no” and “maybe” responses were career prioritization (68.8%), fear of childbirth (45.2%), fear of motherhood (43%) or socioeconomic issues (40%). Approximately 53.6% (n=121) of participants wished to have children after the age of 30 years. Concerns about future fertility were present in 69.2% (n=184) of participants, and 72.9% (n=194) were familiar with the concept of ovarian reserve, while 82.7% (n=220) were aware of fertility preservation methods. When asked about the possibility of opting for elective oocyte cryopreservation, only 14.3% (n=38) ruled out this possibility. Most young women (87,2%, n=232) wished to be more informed about the topic, and 87.6% (n=233) would like to discuss the issue with their gynaecologist. Conclusions: The majority of students considered motherhood, however their professional career was highlighted as the main priority for the next 10 years. Knowledge about the ovarian reserve decline and the effectiveness of oocyte cryopreservation was not satisfactory.

Resumo Introdução e Objetivos: A maternidade tardia é hoje uma realidade, principalmente para mulheres com níveis de escolaridade superiores. A criopreservação eletiva de ovócitos permite diminuir o risco de infertilidade futura. A maioria das mulheres não está adequadamente informada sobre o declínio da fertilidade associado à idade nem sobre os fatores de risco associados. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento e atitudes em relação à maternidade, fertilidade e à criopreservação eletiva de ovócitos das jovens universitárias em Portugal. Tipo de estudo: Estudo observacional e descritivo. População: Estudantes universitárias do sexo feminino. Metodologia: Dados recolhidos através de inquérito online Google Forms® realizado durante os meses de agosto e setembro de 2023. Resultados: Foram incluídas no estudo 266 estudantes do sexo feminino, com uma média de idade de 22,46 anos (± 4,2). Quando inquiridas quanto à vontade de terem filhos no futuro, 65% (n=173) das participantes respondeu “sim”, 24,8% (n=66) “talvez” e 10,2% (n=27) “não”. O principal motivo apontado para as respostas “não” e “talvez” foi a priorização da carreira (68,8%). Cerca de 53,6% (n=121) das participantes apenas desejam ter filhos a partir dos 30 anos. Para 69,2% (n=184) a fertilidade futura é uma preocupação, 72,9% (n=194) está familiarizada com o conceito de reserva ovárica e 82,7% (n=220) com a existência de métodos de preservação da fertilidade. Quando questionadas quanto à possibilidade de recorrer à criopreservação eletiva de ovócitos, apenas 14,3% (n=38) exclui essa possibilidade. A maioria das jovens (87,2%, n=232) gostaria de estar mais informada sobre a temática e 87,6% (n=233) gostaria de ver discutido o tema com o seu médico. Conclusões: A maioria das estudantes equaciona a maternidade, contudo a carreira profissional é destacada como principal prioridade para os próximos 10 anos. O conhecimento sobre declínio da reserva ovárica e eficácia da criopreservação de ovócitos está ainda aquém do desejado.

BACKGROUND. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV helps in closing the gaps for new HIV infections, thereby contributing to achieving the global targets of an AIDS-free generation. OBJECTIVE. To explore knowledge regarding PMTCT among pregnant women in Gert Sibande District, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa (SA). METHODS. The study was performed in two clinics in Chief Albert Luthuli Municipality, Gert Sibande District. It was a qualitative and descriptive exploratory study involving in-depth, one-on-one interviews with pregnant women regarding their PMTCT knowledge and perspectives. RESULTS. The study findings showed that pregnant women from the two clinics have a good knowledge of PMTCT. However, they were not aware that caesarean section can minimise mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV infection. CONCLUSION. PMTCT is important in establishing an HIV-free generation. The study revealed that women had a good understanding of MTCT; nevertheless, additional education is necessary, particularly regarding birthing procedures that minimise the risk of MTCT.

ABSTRACT Background: The treatment of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is still a matter of debate. Over the past few decades, there has been a shift towards a more personalized approach, tailored to the individual risks of each patient and tumor. The current practice guidelines recommend lobectomy in selected patients, with low risk of recurrence. Objective: To describe the results of thyroid lobectomy in a cohort of patients with DTC with low risk of recurrence. Material and methods: We conducted a descriptive and observational study. The medical records of patients with DTC who underwent thyroid lobectomy between January 2015 and April 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 114 patients were operated on; mean age was 44 ± 12 years and 90 (79%) were women. The median tumor size was 9.4 mm (IQR 25-75% 7-13 mm), and 103 nodules (90%) were solid on ultrasound. Only 2 patients with vascular invasion involving > 4 vessels required completion thyroidectomy. There were no major complications and only one patient developed temporary recurrent laryngeal palsy. There were no locoregional or distant recurrences during mean follow-up of 33.4 months. Conclusion: Thyroid lobectomy for low-risk DTC had low morbidity and no recurrences in the series presented. The rigorous selection of patients and the interaction of a multidisciplinary team are considered essential for the successful implementation of this therapeutic approach.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: el tratamiento del carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) de bajo riesgo es aún motivo de discusión. En las últimas décadas se observó una migración hacia tratamientos personalizados acordes con las características de cada paciente y de cada tumor. Las guías de práctica vigentes habilitan la lobectomía en pacientes seleccionados, con bajo riesgo de recurrencia. Objetivo: describir los resultados en una cohorte de pacientes con CDT de bajo riesgo de recurrencia tratados con lobectomía tiroidea. Material y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de una revisión retrospectiva de historias clínicas de 114 pacientes con CDT tratados con lobectomía tiroidea entre enero de 2015 y abril de 2023. Resultados: fueron operados 114 pacientes, con media de edad de 44 años ± 12; 90 (79%) fueron mujeres. La mediana del tamaño tumoral fue de 9,4 mm, RIC (rango intercuartílico 25-75% 7-13 mm), y 103 de los nódulos (90%) fueron ecográficamente sólidos. Solo 2 pacientes con invasión vascular mayor de 4 vasos requirieron completar la tiroidectomía total. No se registraron complicaciones de importancia, salvo una parálisis recurrencial transitoria. Con un seguimiento promedio de 33,4 meses, no se observaron recurrencias locorregionales ni a distancia en la población analizada. Conclusión: la lobectomía tiroidea en el tratamiento del CDT de bajo riesgo tuvo una baja morbilidad sin recurrencias en la serie presentada. La selección rigurosa de los pacientes y la interacción de un equipo multidisciplinario se consideran esenciales para la implementación exitosa de esta metodología terapéutica.

Abstract Fungal contamination is an important problem in cannabis and medical cannabis production, as fungi can produce toxic compounds or reduce the quality and safety of the product. The aim of this study was to perform a bibliometric evaluation related to fungal contamination in cannabis, analyzing current trends in this field and providing future perspectives for research. For this purpose, an exhaustive search was carried out in the scientific literature in electronic databases such as Scopus and Web of Science (WOS), covering the period from 2000 to 2023. The results obtained were processed through bibliometrics and network analysis, using tools such as RStudio and Bibliometrix software. The results revealed that the main themes associated with fungal contamination in cannabis are focused on: diseases related to fungal contamination of the plant, use of fungi as an alternative biological control in cannabis cultivation, metabolites associated with cannabis and their potential in fungal control, as well as fungal diversity in cannabis cultivation and postharvest and the risk to consumer health. Finally, future research areas are proposed to address the challenge of fungal contamination in medicinal cannabis production, covering topics such as pest control, contamination, genetic resistance, active compounds, analysis methods, and the impact of fungi on cannabis.

Resumo A contaminação fúngica é um problema importante na produção da cannabis e cannabis medicinal, pois os fungos podem produzir compostos tóxicos ou reduzir a qualidade e a segurança do produto. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma avaliação bibliométrica relacionada à contaminação fúngica na cannabis, analisando as tendências atuais nesse campo e fornecendo perspectivas futuras para a pesquisa. Para isso, foi realizada uma busca exaustiva na literatura científica em bases de dados eletrônicas como Scopus e Web of Science (WOS), abrangendo o período de 2000 a 2023. Os resultados obtidos foram processados por meio de bibliometria e análise de redes, utilizando ferramentas como o software RStudio e Bibliometrix. Os resultados revelaram que os principais temas associados à contaminação fúngica na cannabis estão focados em: doenças relacionadas à contaminação fúngica da planta, uso de fungos como alternativa de controle biológico no cultivo da cannabis, metabólitos associados à cannabis e seu potencial no controle de fungos, bem como a diversidade fúngica no cultivo e pós-colheita da cannabis e o risco à saúde dos consumidores. Por último, são sugeridas futuras áreas de pesquisa para enfrentar o desafio da contaminação fúngica na produção de cannabis medicinal, abordando temas como controle de pragas, contaminação, resistência genética, compostos ativos, métodos de análise e impacto dos fungos na cannabis.

ABSTRACT Carrying out a process of quality educational inclusion in today's societies constitutes a challenge that starts from fighting discriminatory ways of exclusion in different contexts and for dissimilar causes, in which risk factors concur in parallel, the lack of preparation of those involved in the search for solutions and the assimilation of the students before the aid. In this sense the article presents a study about the preparation of provincial education methodologists for the care of students in vulnerable situations from an inclusive approach. Theoretical methods such as historical-logical analysis, induction-deduction and analysis-synthesis were used in its elaboration; empirical methods such as documentary analysis, interview and observation of methodological activities; and statistical techniques such as percentage analysis. Among the main limitations found were the insufficiencies in the projection of inclusive socio-educational practices from the methodological work system of the Provincial Directorate of Education; currently, there is no harmoniously designed system that allows converting educational systems in response to the diversity of learners and making the right to education with equal opportunities truly practical, especially those who are sometimes excluded due to being in a situation of vulnerability. It was possible to conclude that methodologists play a fundamental role in directing the process of prevention, detection, stimulation, diagnosis/evaluation and early intervention of students with barriers to learning and social participation.

RESUMEN Llevar a cabo un proceso de inclusión educativa de calidad en las sociedades actuales constituye un reto que parte de pugnar maneras discriminatorias de exclusión en diferentes contextos y por disímiles causas, en las que concurren paralelamente los factores de riesgos, la falta de preparación de los implicados en la búsqueda de soluciones y la asimilación de los educandos ante la ayuda. En tal sentido, el artículo presenta un estudio acerca de la preparación de los metodólogos provinciales de educación para la atención a educandos en situación de vulnerabilidad desde un enfoque inclusivo. Se emplearon en su elaboración métodos teóricos como el análisis histórico-lógico, la inducción-deducción y el análisis-síntesis; métodos empíricos como el análisis documental, la entrevista y la observación a actividades metodológicas; y técnicas estadísticas como el análisis porcentual. Entre las principales limitaciones encontradas estuvieron las insuficiencias en la proyección de prácticas socioeducativas inclusivas desde el sistema de trabajo metodológico de la Dirección Provincial de Educación. Actualmente, no existe un sistema armónicamente diseñado que permita convertir los sistemas educativos en respuesta a la diversidad de educandos y hacer verdaderamente práctico el derecho a la educación con igualdad de oportunidades, en especial para aquellos que por estar en situación de vulnerabilidad en ocasiones son excluidos. Se pudo concluir que los metodólogos juegan un papel fundamental en la dirección del proceso de prevención, detección, estimulación, diagnóstico/evaluación e intervención temprana de educandos con barreras para el aprendizaje y la participación social.

RESUMO Levar a cabo um processo de inclusão educativa de qualidade nas sociedades atuais constitui um desafio que parte do combate às formas discriminatórias de exclusão em contextos diversos e por causas díspares, em que concorrem em paralelo fatores de risco, a falta de preparação dos envolvidos na procura de soluções e a assimilação dos alunos perante a ajuda. Nesse sentido, o artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a preparação de metodólogos provinciais de educação para a atenção de alunos em situação de vulnerabilidade a partir de um enfoque inclusivo. Métodos teóricos como análise histórico-lógica, indução-dedução e análise-síntese foram utilizados em sua elaboração; métodos empíricos como análise documental, entrevistas e observação de atividades metodológicas; e técnicas estatísticas, como análise de porcentagem. Entre as principais limitações encontradas encontram-se as insuficiências na projeção de práticas socioeducativas inclusivas a partir do sistema metodológico de trabalho da Direcção Provincial de Educação; atualmente, não existe um sistema pensado harmoniosamente que permita converter os sistemas educativos em resposta à diversidade dos educandos e tornar verdadeiramente prático o direito à educação com igualdade de oportunidades, especialmente aqueles que por vezes são excluídos por se encontrarem em situação de vulnerabilidade. Foi possível concluir que os metodólogos desempenham um papel fundamental no direcionamento do processo de prevenção, detecção, estimulação, diagnóstico/avaliação e intervenção precoce de alunos com barreiras à aprendizagem e à participação social.

Abstract This research aims to analyze the presence of systemic factors in the process of identification and analysis of strategic risk in the Colombian private university sector, with high-quality certification., Its goal is to identify and analyze the influence of systemic interventions and perspectives on this process. For that reason, the state-of-the-art was reviewed, the factors that could characterize interventions and systemic perspectives were identified and presented. They provide a theoretical framework from which the strategic risk management process was analyzed., Qualitative field work was developed, based on case studies implemented through in-depth interviews and the collection, of public information and documents provided by the institutions. Conclusions show that the Universities that are part of the group under study, have advanced in the last years in the management of strategic risks including some factors characteristic of systemic interventions. However, from a systemic perspective, it has been possible to identify some opportunities for improvement that can integrate an agenda for the studied institutions.

Resumen Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la presencia de factores sistémicos en el proceso de identificación y análisis de riesgos estratégicos en el sector universitario privado colombiano, con certificación de alta calidad. Para esto, se revisó el estado del arte, se identificaron y presentaron los factores que, a priori, podrían caracterizar las intervenciones y perspectivas sistémicas y que proveen un marco teórico desde el cual se analizó el proceso de gestión de riesgos estratégicos. Se desarrolló una labor de campo, de tipo cualitativo, a partir del estudio de casos, implementada mediante entrevistas en profundidad y la recopilación de información pública y documentos facilitados por las instituciones. En las conclusiones se podrá observar que las universidades integrantes del colectivo estudiado han avanzado en los últimos años, en la gestión de riesgos estratégicos incluyendo en los procesos algunos factores característicos de las intervenciones sistémicas. Sin embargo, y desde la perspectiva sistémica, se han podido identificar algunas oportunidades de mejora que pueden integrar una agenda para las instituciones estudiadas.

ABSTRACT Since the perceptions of communities at risk play a central role in managing future emergencies, contingency plans must consider the appropriate involvement of the perspectives of exposed populations. This article addresses the case of Ensenada (Puerto Varas, Chile), a settlement located in the area of direct influence of the Calbuco and Osorno volcanoes. They respectively rank 2nd and 8th in the list of highest-threat Chilean volcanoes. Here we depict the multiple risk perceptions of the inhabitants of Ensenada and the integration of human perceptions into volcanic emergency management through qualitative research, based on semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. Our results illustrate that Ensenada represents a settlement critically exposed to multiple hazards from both volcanoes, intertwined with a series of social conditions that influence individuals’ self-perception as vulnerable to future eruptions and, simultaneously, as capable of acquiring conditions to strengthen disaster preparedness. Moreover, the locals are eager to participate in future emergency management planning and adopt preventive attitudes at community, household, and individual levels. Based on these results, we highlight the advantages of a better understanding of the causes of perceived risk and its integration into emergency management strategies for future eruptions, in order to visualise how people make sense of daily life and disaster preparedness in the midst of active volcanoes.

RESUMEN Dado que las percepciones de las comunidades en riesgo juegan un papel central en la gestión de futuras emergencias, los planes de contingencia deben considerar la adecuada participación de las perspectivas de las poblaciones expuestas. Este artículo aborda el caso de Ensenada (Puerto Varas, Chile), un asentamiento situado en la zona de influencia directa de los volcanes Calbuco y Osorno. Estos ocupan respectivamente el 2° y 8° lugar en la lista de volcanes chilenos de mayor amenaza. Se describen en este estudio las múltiples percepciones del riesgo de los habitantes de Ensenada y se explora la integración de las percepciones humanas en la gestión de emergencias volcánicas mediante una investigación cualitativa basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis documental. Los resultados aquí expuestos ilustran que Ensenada representa un asentamiento críticamente expuesto a múltiples amenazas de ambos volcanes, entrelazadas con una serie de condiciones sociales que influyen en la autopercepción de los participantes como vulnerables a futuras erupciones y, simultáneamente, como capaces de adquirir condiciones para fortalecer la preparación ante desastres. Además, los habitantes de Ensenada se manifiestan deseosos de participar en la planificación de la gestión de futuras emergencias y adoptar acciones preventivas tanto comunitarias como familiares e individualmente. Sobre la base de estos resultados, se destacan las ventajas de una mejor comprensión de las causas del riesgo percibido y su integración en las estrategias de gestión de emergencias para futuras erupciones, con el fin de visualizar cómo la gente da sentido a la vida cotidiana y a la preparación ante desastres en medio de dos volcanes activos.

Abstract In this essay, we carry out a self-reflection on the intervention of Social Work in ANIP in families with children exposed to environmental risk factors. We conducted a systematic review of the literature, highlighting (i) the importance of the family-centered approach and its interconnections with the transactional/ecological systems perspectives and (ii) the contribution of the concepts of Enabling/Empowering Families to the paradigm shift and, consequently, the replacement of clinical/welfare models with an intervention in which the family emerges as an active/fundamental element in the processes of change. From the results, we can highlight (i) the challenges for professionals in implementing collaborative practices with families and (ii) the demands of working in an early intervention team, both in terms of knowledge of the theoretical frameworks underlying mediation with families and in terms of training to make decisions based on evidence and the specificities of children/families when faced with concrete circumstances, in order to better respond to their unique needs. essay selfreflection self reflection factors literature i (i familycentered centered transactionalecological transactional ecological ii (ii EnablingEmpowering Enabling Empowering consequently clinicalwelfare clinical welfare activefundamental active fundamental change results team childrenfamilies circumstances needs

Resumo Neste ensaio realizamos uma autorreflexão da intervenção do Serviço Social na ANIP em famílias com crianças expostas a fatores de risco ambiental. Procedemos a uma revisão sistemática da literatura, salientando: (i) a importância da abordagem centrada na família e as suas interligações com as perspetivas dos sistemas transacional/ecológico e (ii) o contributo dos conceitos de Enabling/Empowering Families para a mudança de paradigma e, consequente, substituição de modelos clínicos/assistencialistas por uma intervenção onde a família emerge como elemento ativo/fundamental nos processos de mudança. Dos resultados destacamos: (i) os desafios colocados aos profissionais na implementação de práticas colaborativas junto das famílias e (ii) as exigências do trabalho em equipe de intervenção precoce, tanto ao nível do conhecimento dos referenciais teóricos subjacentes à mediação com famílias, como da capacitação para, quando em face de circunstâncias concretas, tomar decisões baseadas na evidência e nas especificidades das crianças/famílias, por forma a melhor responder às suas necessidades singulares. ambiental literatura salientando i (i transacionalecológico transacional ecológico ii (ii EnablingEmpowering Enabling Empowering consequente clínicosassistencialistas clínicos assistencialistas ativofundamental ativo fundamental destacamos precoce concretas criançasfamílias crianças/famílias singulares

Abstract Neurocutaneous syndromes comprise a heterogeneous group of congenital or hereditary conditions that are known to be associated with the risk of different disorders and complications. Two of the most common neurocutaneous syndromes are Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). Although there appears to be a general consensus on the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing these cases, there is still very little emphasis in discussions addressed in the literature on the role of dentistry in accordance with the perspective of comprehensive care. Evidence-based propositions, together with a broad discussion of new insights in this regard, should have the ability to strongly impact related future perspectives, aiming for greater advances and better outcomes for these patients. In this review article, the authors discuss updated general aspects of NF1 and TSC, and the potential additional roles of dentistry, in addition to addressing suggestions for actions in dentistry at related levels of care, as well as priorities for future research. complications NF (NF1 TSC. TSC . (TSC) cases care Evidencebased Evidence based propositions regard perspectives patients article research (NF (TSC

Abstract Purpose Word-of-mouth (WOM) valence refers to the favorable impact of positive WOM on marketing outcomes. However, studies have shown that negative WOM can have a greater influence. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of negative online WOM (OWOM) on marketing. Theoretical framework Drawing from the perspectives of psychology and communication, and using the sender-message-channel-receiver (SMCR) communication process theory, we construct a moderated mediation model to explore the mechanism and threshold of WOM recipients’ product involvement in reversing the impact of WOM valence on product attitude. Design/methodology/approach SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3.0 were used to empirically analyze the survey data from a sample of 1,107 consumers. Findings Our study reveals a nonlinear relationship between negative OWOM recipients’ product involvement and consumer product attitude, mediated by risk perception and moderated by sender characteristics and WOM characteristics. The relationship shows a U-shaped curve between product involvement and product attitude, and an inverted U-shaped curve between product involvement and risk perception. Risk perception mediates the relationship between product involvement and product attitude, which varies with the strength of the sender-recipient relationship and the amount of negative WOM. Sender professionalism moderates both the U-shaped and the inverted U-shaped curves. Practical & social implications of research From a practical standpoint, our findings have implications for the management of OWOM marketing for fresh agricultural products. Originality/value Our study provides a more nuanced understanding of the impact of negative WOM on consumer attitudes, challenging the one-sided focus on strengthening positive WOM valence in the context of the Internet. Wordofmouth Word mouth (WOM outcomes However influence Therefore (OWOM sendermessagechannelreceiver message channel receiver SMCR (SMCR theory recipients attitude Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology approach 220 22 0 22. 30 3 3. 1107 1 107 1,10 consumers Ushaped U shaped senderrecipient recipient curves standpoint products Originalityvalue Originality value attitudes onesided one sided Internet 2 110 10 1,1 11 1,

ABSTRACT Introduction: Perfusion safety in cardiac surgery is vital, and this survey explores perfusion practices, perspectives, and challenges related to it. Specifically, it examines the readiness of on-call and emergency operation rooms for perfusion-related procedures during urgent situations. The aim is to identify gaps and enhance perfusion safety protocols, ultimately improving patient care. Methods: This was a preliminary survey conducted as an initial exploration before committing to a comprehensive study. The sample size was primarily determined based on a one-month time frame. The survey collected data from 236 healthcare professionals, including cardiac surgeons, perfusionists, and anesthetists, using an online platform. Ethical considerations ensured participant anonymity and voluntary participation. The survey comprised multiple-choice and open-ended questions to gather quantitative and qualitative data. Results: The survey found that 53% preferred a dry circuit ready for emergencies, 19.9% preferred primed circuits, and 19.1% chose not to have a ready pump at all. Various reasons influenced these choices, including caseload variations, response times, historical practices, surgeon preferences, and backup perfusionist availability. Infection risk, concerns about error, and team dynamics were additional factors affecting circuit readiness. Conclusion: This survey sheds light on current perfusion practices and challenges, emphasizing the importance of standardized protocols in regards to readiness of on-call and emergency operation rooms. It provides valuable insights for advancing perfusion safety and patient care while contributing to the existing literature on the subject. Introduction vital perspectives Specifically oncall call perfusionrelated situations Methods study onemonth one month frame 23 professionals surgeons perfusionists anesthetists platform participation multiplechoice multiple choice openended open ended Results 53 emergencies 199 19 9 19.9 circuits 191 1 19.1 all choices variations times preferences availability risk error Conclusion subject 2 5 19.

Abstract Introduction: Institutional evaluation is an important tool for the constant improvement of medical courses, especially when they take the student’s opinion as one of their focuses. Objective: The main objective of this study is to investigate which methods are used to conduct institutional evaluations involving student opinion through a scoping systematic review. Methodology: In compliance with the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR)”, the searches were conducted in a standardized form, involving at least two researchers and consulting the Lilacs, Scielo, Pubmed, and Embase databases and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), using the software Rayyan, to signal duplicates and allow an independent and unbiased evaluation by the two reviewers. The inclusion criteria used were: Studies published between 2009 and 2019, containing the methodology of evaluation, which assessed medical courses and in which this evaluation was carried out by students at some stage. Also, the following exclusion criteria were used: studies written in languages other than Portuguese, English, French and Spanish; evaluations of a specific pedagogical intervention or limited to some subjects; and articles focusing on student self-assessment. The restriction of time and languages carries the risk of selection bias. Results: 2355 records were found and 12 articles were included. Most studies created their questionnaire and used mostly quantitative scales, although many also included some type of qualitative analysis with written questions. Most of the studies dealt with an occasional analysis and not with a project of permanent evaluation of the institution. Conclusion: Publications in the field of institutional evaluation that involve students and describe the questionnaire are still rare, especially when related to permanent evaluations. Introduction s focuses Objective review Methodology Preferred MetaAnalyses Meta Analyses PRISMAScR, PRISMAScR PRISMA ScR , (PRISMA-ScR)” form Lilacs Scielo Pubmed CAPES, CAPES (CAPES) Rayyan reviewers 200 2019 stage Also Portuguese English Spanish subjects selfassessment. selfassessment self assessment. assessment self-assessment bias Results 235 1 scales questions institution Conclusion rare (PRISMA-ScR) (CAPES 20 201 23 (PRISMA-ScR 2

Resumo Introdução: A avaliação institucional é uma importante ferramenta para o constante aperfeiçoamento dos cursos de Medicina, principalmente quando tomam a opinião discente como um de seus pontos. Objetivo: O estudo teve por objetivo averiguar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de escopo, quais os métodos utilizados para realizar avaliações institucionais que contem com base na opinião discente através de uma revisão sistemática de escopo. Método: Em conformidade com o “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA- ScR)”, as buscas foram realizadas de modo padronizado, envolvendo no mínimo dois pesquisadores, e consultando as bases Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed, Embase e o banco de teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes). Por meio do software Rayyan, marcaram-se os estudos duplicados, o que permitiu a avaliação cega e independente dos dois revisores em cada etapa . Os critérios de inclusão utilizados foram: estudos publicados entre 2009 e 2019, que avaliassem cursos de Medicina e em que alguma etapa da avaliação tivesse sido realizada por estudantes. Adotaram-se os seguintes critérios de exclusão: trabalhos em idiomas diferentes do português, inglês, francês e espanhol; avaliações de uma intervenção pedagógica específica ou limitada a algumas disciplinas e artigos com foco na autoavaliação do aluno. Resultados: Foram encontrados 2.355 registros e incluídos 12 artigos. A maior parte dos trabalhos criou um questionário próprio e utilizou-se majoritariamente de escalas quantitativas, embora muitos tenham também incluído algum tipo de análise qualitativa com questões abertas. A maior parte dos estudos referia-se a uma análise pontual e não de a um projeto de avaliação permanente da instituição. Conclusão: Publicações no campo de avaliação institucional que envolvam os discentes e descrevam o questionário ainda são raras, principalmente quando se trata de avaliações permanentes. Introdução pontos Objetivo averiguar escopo Método Preferred MetaAnalyses Meta Analyses PRISMA (PRISMA ScR, ScR , ScR)” padronizado pesquisadores Lilacs SciELO PubMed Capes. Capes (Capes) Rayyan marcaramse marcaram duplicados 200 2019 estudantes Adotaramse Adotaram exclusão português inglês espanhol aluno Resultados 2355 2 355 2.35 1 utilizouse utilizou quantitativas abertas referiase referia instituição Conclusão raras permanentes ScR) (Capes 20 201 235 35 2.3 23 3 2.

ABSTRACT Besides the acute injury and trauma-induced macroscopic alterations, the evolution to posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis (PTOA) is a complex process progressing at the tissue and molecular level. Furthermore, changes in the molecular pathways affect chondrocyte viability. Treatment modalities for PTOA focal or confined disease include innovative techniques. Objective: Our purpose is to increase medical awareness based on scientific evidence of pathophysiology, molecular biology, and treatment of post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis. Methods: To support the perspectives of the experts, evidence from the scientific literature respected the PRISMA guidelines and the PICOS search strategy was used. We included case-control, cohort, experimental studies and case reports, written in English. Results: The authors were homogeneously exposed to 282 selected abstracts and 114 full articles directly related to post-traumatic osteoarthritis after malleolar fractures. Conclusion: The pathophysiological factors involved in posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis, such as biological, structural, mechanical, and molecular changes must be studied together, as the interaction between these factors determines the risk of progression of PTOA. Inhibition of a single catabolic molecule or cascade probably is not sufficient to alter the natural progression of the pathological process. Evidence level V, expert opinion. traumainduced trauma induced alterations (PTOA Furthermore viability techniques Objective pathophysiology biology post traumatic Methods experts used casecontrol, casecontrol control, control case-control cohort reports English Results 28 11 fractures Conclusion biological structural mechanical together V opinion 2 1

RESUMO A evolução para a osteoartrite pós-traumática do tornozelo (PTOA) a partir da lesão aguda e das alterações macroscópicas induzidas pelo trauma é um processo complexo, que progride em nível tecidual e molecular. Além disso, as alterações nas vias moleculares afetam a viabilidade dos condrócitos. As modalidades focais ou confinadas de tratamento para PTOA incluem técnicas inovadoras. Objetivo: Nosso objetivo é aumentar a conscientização médica, com base em evidências científicas de fisiopatologia, biologia molecular e tratamento da osteoartrite pós-traumática do tornozelo. Métodos: Para o embasamento das perspectivas dos autores experts, as evidências da literatura científica respeitaram as diretrizes Prisma e a estratégia de busca Picos foi empregada. Incluímos estudos de caso-controle, de coorte, experimentais e relatos de caso, escritos em inglês. Resultados: Os autores foram expostos de forma homogênea a 282 resumos e 114 artigos completos, diretamente relacionados à osteoartrite pós-traumática após fraturas maleolares. Conclusão: Os fatores fisiopatológicos envolvidos na osteoartrite pós-traumática do tornozelo, como alterações biológicas, estruturais, mecânicas e moleculares, devem ser estudados em conjunto, pois a interação entre esses fatores determina o risco de progressão da PTOA. A inibição de uma única molécula catabólica ou cascata provavelmente não é suficiente para alterar a progressão natural do processo patológico. Nível de evidência V, opinião do especialista. póstraumática pós traumática (PTOA complexo disso condrócitos inovadoras Objetivo médica fisiopatologia Métodos experts empregada casocontrole, casocontrole caso controle, controle caso-controle coorte inglês Resultados 28 11 completos maleolares Conclusão biológicas estruturais conjunto patológico V especialista 2 1