ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the current scenario of rehabilitation services for people with retinal diseases in Brazil. Methods: An exploratory study was conducted between February 2023 and June 2023 using a Google Forms questionnaire that was distributed by patient associations. Results: A total of 142 patients, aged 18-80 were included in the study. Forty-eight participants (33.8%) were undergoing rehabilitation, while 94 (66.2%) were not. The main reason for not undergoing rehabilitation was a lack of knowledge about the service (n=41, 43.6%). Healthcare professionals made the most referrals (n=20, 41.7%). Rehabilitation improved the quality of life in 38 (80.9%) participants, and 28 (62.2%) participants were satisfied with the process. There was a statistically significant disparity between patient satisfaction and the locale of rehabilitation implementation. Twenty-three (69.7%) participants who underwent rehabilitation at a specialized center reported satisfaction. Conclusion: The rehabilitation process directly increases the quality of life of individuals with retinal diseases. However, despite the availability of rehabilitation centers in large parts of Brazil, most patients with retinal diseases are not acquainted with the rehabilitation process and do not receive referrals for it. Thus, healthcare providers should increase referrals to rehabilitation centers, and public policies should be formulated to raise awareness among the population regarding the availability of rehabilitation services. Purpose Brazil Methods 202 associations Results 14 1880 18 80 18-8 Fortyeight Forty eight 33.8% 338 33 8 (33.8% 9 66.2% 662 66 2 (66.2% n=41, n41 n 41 (n=41 43.6%. 436 43.6% . 43 6 43.6%) n=20, n20 20 (n=20 41.7%. 417 41.7% 7 41.7%) 3 80.9% 809 (80.9% 62.2% 622 62 (62.2% implementation Twentythree Twenty three 69.7% 697 69 (69.7% Conclusion However it Thus 1 188 18- 33.8 (33.8 66.2 (66.2 n=41 n4 4 (n=4 43.6 n=20 n2 (n=2 41.7 80.9 (80.9 62.2 (62.2 69.7 (69.7 33. (33. 66. (66. n=4 (n= 43. n=2 41. 80. (80. 62. (62. 69. (69. (33 (66 n= (n (80 (62 (69 (3 (6 (8 (

ABSTRACT: The state of Rio Grande do Sul has a great diversity of reptile species distributed throughout its territory. Due to human actions, such as habitat fragmentation, these animals have been frequently observed in urban and peri-urban environments. This facilitates the spread of pathogens between animals and humans, posing a unique health risk, as many diseases are considered zoonoses. Leptospirosis is among the most common zoonoses in the world and is caused by pathogenic species of bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The role of reptiles in the cycle of this disease is yet unknown. However, serological studies have demonstrated positivity for antibodies against Leptospira spp. in tortoises and snakes, which may indicate that these animals act in maintaining the pathogen in the environment. This observed the presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in rescued reptiles taken to the Center for Rehabilitation of Wild Fauna and Screening Center for Wild Animals at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL). Samples were collected from 55 animals (39 Trachemys dorbigni; 3 Philodryas patagoniensis; 3 Caiman latirostris; 3 Salvator merianae; 2 Acanthochelys spixii; 2 Phrynops hilarii; 2 Hydromedusa tectifera; 1 Philodryas aestiva) from August 2022 to December 2023 and tested for 12 reference serovars. Two animals demonstrated positivity, one for the pathogenic serovar Pyrogenes and the other for the pathogenic serovar Canicola. This result reflected the importance of different species besides mammals as potential reservoirs and responsible for maintaining leptospirosis in the environment. ABSTRACT territory actions fragmentation periurban peri environments humans risk unknown However spp snakes environment antiLeptospira anti NURFSCETAS/UFPEL. NURFSCETASUFPEL NURFS CETAS/UFPEL . CETAS UFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL) 5 39 (3 dorbigni patagoniensis latirostris merianae spixii hilarii tectifera aestiva 202 serovars Canicola NURFSCETAS NURFSCETAS/UFPEL CETASUFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL ( 20

RESUMO: O Rio Grande do Sul possui uma grande diversidade de espécies de répteis distribuídos por todo o Estado. Devido às ações antrópicas, como a fragmentação de habitats, estes animais vêm sendo observados com frequência no meio urbano e periurbano. Isso facilita a disseminação de patógenos entre animais e seres humanos, sendo um risco a saúde única, visto que muitas doenças são consideradas zoonoses. A leptospirose está entre as zoonoses mais comuns do mundo e é causada pelas espécies patogênicas da bactéria do gênero Leptospira. Ainda não se sabe o papel dos répteis no ciclo da doença, porém, estudos sorológicos demonstraram positividade para anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. em cágados e serpentes, o que pode indicar que estes animais atuam na manutenção do patógeno no ambiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira em répteis oriundos de resgate e levados ao Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre e Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL). As amostras foram coletadas de 55 animais (39 Trachemys dorbigni; 3 Philodryas patagoniensis; 3 Caiman latirostris; 3 Salvator merianae; 2 Acanthochelys spixii; 2 Phrynops hilarii; 2 Hydromedusa tectifera; 1 Philodryas aestiva), durante o período de agosto de 2022 a dezembro de 2023, e testadas para 12 sorovares de referência. Dois animais demonstraram positividade, um deles para o sorovar patogênico Pyrogenes e outro para o sorovar patogênico Canicola. Este resultado demonstra a importância de outras espécies, além dos mamíferos, como potenciais reservatórios e responsáveis pela manutenção da leptospirose no ambiente. RESUMO Estado antrópicas habitats periurbano humanos única doença porém spp serpentes ambiente antiLeptospira anti NURFSCETAS/UFPEL. NURFSCETASUFPEL NURFS CETAS/UFPEL . CETAS UFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL) 5 39 (3 dorbigni patagoniensis latirostris merianae spixii hilarii tectifera aestiva, aestiva , aestiva) 202 2023 referência Canicola mamíferos NURFSCETAS NURFSCETAS/UFPEL CETASUFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL ( 20

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the functioning and associated factors in children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 30 children and adolescents with OI. Medical records, use of bisphosphonates, socioeconomic status, handgrip strength, balance, joint hypermobility, ambulatory level, and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory—Computer Adaptative Test (PEDI-CAT) scores were assessed. Data is presented as mean and standard deviation and Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical data is presented as frequency and analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Within-group analyses were conducted using ANCOVA or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Correlations used Kendall’s Tau-b test. Results: The participants involved in this study were 6–18 years old. The sample was separated into two groups according to disease severity. The moderate/severe OI group (n=10) presented a lower height and muscular strength than the mild group (n=20). Muscle weakness was observed in all participants with OI when compared with the normal population. No differences were observed between the groups in the PEDI-CAT scores except for the mobility domain. There were correlations between the PEDI-CAT mobility domain and the number of fractures, OI type, weight, and balance; there was also a correlation between the PEDI-CAT daily activities, mobility, responsibility, and social/cognitive domains. Conclusions: The findings suggest that children with moderate/severe forms of OI can achieve the same function levels as children with mild OI. Fractures can have a major influence on the functional level, and treatment should focus on the prevention and rehabilitation of these events when they occur. Objective . (OI) Methods crosssectional cross sectional 3 records bisphosphonates status balance hypermobility level InventoryComputer Inventory Computer PEDICAT PEDI CAT (PEDI-CAT assessed Students Student s ttest t test MannWhitney Mann Whitney Fishers Fisher Withingroup Within signedrank signed rank Kendalls Kendall Taub Tau b Results 618 6 18 6–1 old severity moderatesevere moderate severe n=10 n10 n 10 (n=10 n=20. n20 n=20 20 (n=20) population fractures type weight activities responsibility socialcognitive social cognitive domains Conclusions occur (OI 61 1 6– n=1 n1 (n=1 n2 n=2 2 (n=20 n= (n= (n=2 (n

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a funcionalidade e fatores associados em crianças e adolescentes com osteogênese imperfeita (OI). Métodos: Estudo transversal com 30 crianças e adolescentes com OI. Foram avaliados prontuários médicos, uso de bisfosfonatos, características socioeconômicas, dinamometria de preensão palmar, equilíbrio, hipermobilidade articular, nível de deambulação e escores do Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Computer Adaptative Test (PEDI-CAT). Os dados foram apresentados em média e desvio padrão e comparados por teste t por Mann-Whitney, enquanto os categóricos foram apresentados em frequência e comparados pelo teste exato de Fisher. Análises intragrupos foram realizadas por análise de covariância (ANCOVA) ou Teste de Wilcoxon para postos sinalizados. O teste Tau-b de Kendall foi usado para correlações. Resultados: A idade variou de 6 a 18 anos. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos de acordo com a gravidade da doença. Casos moderados/graves (n=10) apresentaram menor estatura e força muscular comparadas às dos leves (n=20). Fraqueza muscular foi observada em todos os casos de OI quando comparados à população normal. Não houve diferença nos domínios do PEDI-CAT com exceção do domínio mobilidade. Houve correlação entre o número de fraturas, tipo de OI, peso e equilíbrio e o domínio mobilidade; e entre os domínios Atividades Diárias e Mobilidade e Responsabilidade e Social/cognitivo do PEDI-CAT. Conclusões: Nossos achados sugerem que crianças com OI moderada/severa podem atingir o mesmo nível de funcionalidade que crianças com a forma leve. Fraturas podem ter grande influência no nível de funcionalidade e o tratamento deve enfocar a prevenção e a reabilitação desses eventos. Objetivo . (OI) Métodos 3 médicos bisfosfonatos socioeconômicas palmar articular PEDICAT. PEDICAT PEDI CAT (PEDI-CAT) MannWhitney, MannWhitney Mann Whitney, Whitney Mann-Whitney Fisher ANCOVA (ANCOVA sinalizados Taub Tau b correlações Resultados 1 anos doença moderadosgraves moderados graves n=10 n10 n 10 (n=10 n=20. n20 n=20 20 (n=20) normal mobilidade fraturas Socialcognitivo Social cognitivo CAT. Conclusões moderadasevera moderada severa leve eventos (OI (PEDI-CAT n=1 n1 (n=1 n2 n=2 2 (n=20 n= (n= (n=2 (n

ABSTRACT Aging and face sagging have many causes, and various techniques are used for treatment, including noninvasive procedures, such as focused ultrasound, which uses the principle of collagen regeneration by coagulative necrosis of the dermis layers using radiofrequency, but this procedure has complications. We reported a case of a 54-year-old female patient who complained of poor visual acuity in her right eye three days after a focused ultrasound facial aesthetic procedure, with the best visual acuity of 20/60. Biomicroscopy of the right eye revealed an acute cataract with three points of fibrosis extending from the posterior to the anterior capsule. The patient underwent phacoemulsification surgery with visual rehabilitation and improved vision of 20/20. We hypothesized that the occurrence of acute cataract was related to the inappropriate use of focused ultrasound. causes treatment procedures radiofrequency complications 54yearold yearold 54 year old 2060 20 60 20/60 capsule 2020 20/20 5 206 2 6 20/6 202 20/2 20/

Abstract Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a set of metabolic disorders that increase the risk of multisystemic diseases. In Mexico, Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) have been proposed for the healthcare of people with T2DM, from prevention to rehabilitation. However, although these guidelines emphasize the active participation of patients in their treatment to enhance treatment adherence, the necessary information on the procedures has not been provided. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to propose Human-Centered Design Thinking (HCDP) as a strategy for this purpose. The steps that constitute this methodology are described, as well as the results found in the international literature. The coherence of the HCDP with Mexican CPG recommendations is discussed, as is the importance of the methodological clarity provided by this model to improve treatment adherence in people with T2DM.

Resumen La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) es un conjunto de desórdenes metabólicos que aumenta el riesgo de afecciones multisistémicas. En México se han propuesto Guías de Práctica Clínica (GPC) para la atención de la salud en personas con DMT2, que van desde la prevención hasta la rehabilitación. Sin embargo, a pesar de enfatizar la participación activa de los pacientes en sus tratamientos para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento, no cuenta con procedimientos claros. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es proponer el pensamiento de diseño centrado en la persona (PDCP) como una estrategia para esta meta. Se describen los pasos que integran esta metodología, así como los resultados observados en la literatura internacional. Se discute la coherencia del PDCP con las recomendaciones de las GPC mexicanas, y la importancia de la claridad metodológica que brinda este modelo para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento en personas con DMT2.

RESUMEN En este artículo se busca explicar la situación jurídica de la población penitenciaria con discapacidad en el Perú. Para ello, se realiza un estudio sobre las personas con discapacidad dentro de la realidad penitenciaria peruana, seguido por el análisis del marco jurídico respectivo, así como los avances y desafíos locales de sus derechos. Se propone mejoras al sistema penitenciario en aras de brindar una mayor accesibilidad, disponibilidad, aceptabilidad e inclusión en los establecimientos carcelarios. Estas mejoras consisten en el trato humano de la vulnerabilidad en reemplazo de la política resocializadora tradicional en tanto finalidad de la pena y la instauración de juzgados de ejecución penal para el procesamiento de los beneficios penitenciarios. Se emplea una metodología cualitativa con diseño documental y alcance descriptivo. Por último, como principales hallazgos, dada la extrema vulnerabilidad en que vive la población penitenciaria con discapacidad en el Perú, se destaca la necesidad de dotar a la pena de prisión de fundamentos políticos distributivos, facilitando así la alineación con estándares internacionales de derechos humanos que prioricen la reducción de barreras estructurales. En este respecto, es viable la adopción de la política del trato humano y la implementación de juzgados de ejecución penal con la finalidad de reducir la vulnerabilidad de los reclusos con discapacidad y promover el respeto de sus derechos fundamentales.

ABSTRACT This article aims to elucidate the legal situation of the incarcerated population with disabilities in Peru. To achieve this, a study is conducted on individuals with disabilities within the Peruvian penal reality, followed by an analysis of the corresponding legal framework and local progress and challenges regarding their rights. Proposed improvements to the prison system aim to enhance accessibility, availability, acceptability, and inclusion in correctional facilities. These enhancements involve treating vulnerability with humane considerations, replacing the traditional rehabilitative policy as the primary purpose of punishment. Additionally, the establishment of penal execution courts is proposed for processing penitentiary benefits. A qualitative methodology with a documentary design and descriptive scope is employed. As a key finding, given the extreme vulnerability of the incarcerated population with disabilities in Peru, there is a highlighted need to imbue the prison sentence with distributive political foundations, aligning with international Human Rights standards prioritizing the reduction of structural barriers. In this regard, the adoption of a humane treatment policy and the implementation of penal execution courts are deemed viable measures to reduce the vulnerability of inmates with disabilities and promote the respect of their fundamental rights.

RESUMEN ¿Por qué no se soluciona la crisis carcelaria en Ecuador? Esta pregunta lleva a explorar la problemática penitenciaria desde sus orígenes hasta llegar al contexto ecuatoriano actual. El objetivo es reflexionar y demostrar que las prisiones y la privación de libertad han mantenido la misma dinámica desde sus orígenes, causando sufrimiento y dolor a los reclusos, en contraposición a la finalidad resocializadora de la pena; el contexto actual demuestra que la gestión penitenciaria no ha evolucionado, pese al desarrollo científico y normativo de esta rama. El enfoque cualitativo y socio-jurídico son la base de la investigación porque a través del diseño narrativo se describe de forma secuencial la historia del sistema penitenciario, el avance normativo y se compara con la realidad social; es decir, se hace un acercamiento del derecho a la sociedad a través de la revisión documental de fuentes secundarias. En definitiva, se concluye que no existe la voluntad política del Estado para abordar el problema de forma técnica y con el personal especializado, tal como sugiere la doctrina; al contrario, la crisis carcelaria en Ecuador tiene un tinte anacrónico, deshumanizante y alejado de la finalidad de la pena; es decir, no hay rehabilitación ni resocialización.

ABSTRACT Why is the prison crisis in Ecuador not solved? is the question that leads us to explore the penitentiary problem from its origins to the current Ecuadorian context. The objective is to reflect and demonstrate that prisons and deprivation of liberty have maintained the same dynamic since their origins, causing suffering and pain to inmates, in contrast to the resocializing purpose of punishment; The current context shows that prison management has not evolved, despite the scientific and regulatory development of this branch. The qualitative and socio-legal approach is the basis of the research because through the narrative design the history of the penitentiary system, the regulatory advance, and are compared with social reality are sequentially described; That is, an approach to the right to society is made through the documentary review of secondary sources. In short, it is concluded that there is no political will of the State to address the problem technically and with specialized personnel as suggested by the doctrine; on the contrary, the prison crisis in Ecuador has an anachronistic, dehumanizing tone and is far from the purpose of the sorrow; That is, there is no rehabilitation or resocialization.

RESUMEN La presencia de agrupaciones del crimen organizado transnacional junto a otros aspectos en el contexto penitenciario y las condiciones de infraestructura y de dotación de los centros de rehabilitación social que se conjugan con la sobrepoblación que ocasiona el hacinamiento, se ubican como las principales causas de la crisis del sector penitenciario que ha traído como consecuencia situaciones de extrema violencia. La investigación realizada se enmarca en el estudio de la crisis carcelaria como un problema global, y tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis de la crisis penitenciaria en el Ecuador y la intervención de la cooperación internacional como un mecanismo para coadyuvar en asuntos de seguridad interna, especialmente mediante el apoyo a la lucha contra el crimen transnacional organizado, el cual se ha infiltrado en los centros de privación de la libertad. Mediante el empleo del método de análisis documental, se ha procurado el estudio de la situación carcelaria, la incidencia del crimen organizado y la necesidad de plantear soluciones en la esfera de la cooperación internacional; particularmente se describen los aspectos más relevantes del Programa de Asistencia contra el Crimen Transnacional Organizado Europa Latinoamérica (EL PAcCTO) procurando mostrar las posibles soluciones a la crisis descrita. Como conclusión, se muestra la relación existente entre distintos flagelos como la corrupción y la vulneración de los derechos humanos como aspectos que deberán ser atendidos.

ABSTRACT The presence of transnational organized crime groups, along with other aspects in the prison context, and the conditions of infrastructure and equipment of social rehabilitation centers, which combine with overcrowding, causing overcrowding, are the main causes of the crisis in the prison sector, which has resulted in situations of extreme violence. The research carried out is framed in the study of the prison crisis as a global problem, with the objective of carrying out an analysis of the prison crisis in Ecuador and the intervention of international cooperation as a mechanism to contribute to matters of internal security, especially by supporting the fight against transnational organized crime, which has infiltrated the centres of deprivation of liberty. Using the documentary analysis method, the study of the prison situation and the incidence of organized crime and the need to propose solutions in the field of international cooperation have been attempted, particularly the most relevant aspects of the Assistance Program against Transnational Organized Crime Europe Latin America (EL PAcCTO) are described, trying to show the possible solutions to the crisis described. In conclusion, the relationship between different scourges such as corruption and the violation of human rights is shown as aspects that must be addressed.

RESUMEN En el marco de la presente investigación se analiza la relevancia del diálogo social en los establecimientos de privación de la libertad, así como del acceso de las personas privadas de libertad al derecho al trabajo, el cual incluye de manera evidente la oportunidad de desempeñar empleos remunerados. Con el propósito de precisar el diálogo social, resulta indispensable profundizar en las teorías que impulsan y fundamentan el trabajo, tales como las teorías económicas, políticas y sociales. Además, se requiere examinar detenidamente el reconocimiento del diálogo social en los instrumentos internacionales y comprender su alcance con relación a las personas privadas de su libertad que ejercen el derecho al trabajo, a través de una metodología cualitativa y teórica. En definitiva, el objetivo es explorar la participación democrática de las personas privadas de libertad, permitiéndoles acceder a condiciones laborales dignas que resultan fundamentales para lograr una efectiva reinserción en la sociedad. En este sentido, se reflexiona sobre los objetivos de la pena, se resalta la importancia fundamental del trabajo como elemento central para la reintegración social y la participación democrática de las personas privadas de libertad con la promoción del diálogo social para establecer políticas criminales como la creación de contratos de trabajo especiales que a su vez sean beneficiosos, tanto para las personas privadas de libertad como para la sociedad.

ABSTRACT Within the framework of this research, an analysis will be carried out on the relevance of social dialogue in prison establishments, as well as the access of people deprived of liberty to the right to work, which obviously includes the opportunity to perform paid jobs. To specify social dialogue, it is essential to delve deeper into the theories that drive and underpin the work, such as economic, political, and social theory. Furthermore, it is necessary to carefully examine the recognition of social dialogue in the International Instruments and understand its scope in relation to people deprived of their liberty who exercise the right to work, through a qualitative and theoretical methodology. Ultimately, the objective is to promote the democratic participation of people deprived of liberty, allowing them to access decent working conditions that are essential to achieve effective reintegration into society. In this sense, we reflect on the objectives of punishment and highlight the fundamental importance of work as a central element for the social reintegration and democratic participation of people deprived of liberty with the promotion of social dialogue to establish criminal policies that in turn, may be beneficial both for people deprived of liberty and for society.

Abstract Objective The current study delves into the accessibility of genetic evaluations for individuals with orofacial clefts (OC), comparing data between genetics and treatment centers across Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional retrospective study analyzed primary data from 1463 OC individuals registered in the Brazilian Database of Craniofacial Anomalies (BDCA) between 2008 and 2018 without age or sex selection. Diagnostic exam results stemming from research projects until 2023 were considered. Results Of the 1463 individuals with typical OC, 987 were non-syndromic, 462 were syndromic (SOC), 10 presented atypical forms, and three were not specified OC cases. The average age for accessing laboratory diagnosis was 8.5 years among SOC individuals. Notably, more SOC cases were registered in genetics centers than treatment and rehabilitation centers (37.1 % vs. 29 %, p = 0.0015). Those originating from genetics centers accessed diagnosis at an average age of 7.3 years, while those from treatment and rehabilitation centers experienced delays with an average age of 10.7 years (p = 0.0581). Conclusions Irrespective of the center of origin, the data highlight delayed diagnosis and challenges in accessing genetic tests for the syndromic group. Given the widespread reliance on the public health system by most of the Brazilian population, disseminating this data can significantly contribute to shaping an informed perspective on healthcare access. These insights can improve public policies tailored to the unique needs of individuals with OC. , (OC) Brazil crosssectional cross sectional 146 BDCA (BDCA 200 201 selection 202 considered 98 nonsyndromic, nonsyndromic non syndromic, non-syndromic 46 SOC, (SOC) 1 forms 85 8 5 8. Notably 37.1 371 37 (37. vs 2 0.0015. 00015 0.0015 . 0 0015 0.0015) 73 7 3 7. 107 10. 0.0581. 00581 0.0581 0581 0.0581) origin group population access (OC 14 20 9 4 (SOC 37. (37 0001 0.001 001 0058 0.058 058 (3 000 0.00 00 005 0.05 05 ( 0.0 0.

ABSTRACT In the Amazon region of Peru, native blueberries are found in high Andean areas, where they are associated with small shrubs and mosses. These blueberries prefer shallow soils with a sandy-clay texture and low fertility. However, their population is threatened by their limited regenerative capacity and various anthropogenic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of indole butyric acid and substrate type on the vegetative propagation of native Peruvian blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) grown in microtunnel. The experiment was conducted under a complete randomized design with the factorial arrangement; A: substrate (sand 100%, sand + coconut fiber 1:1 v/v and coconut fiber 100%) and B: AIB concentrations (1, 2 and 3 g L-1) and control (0 g L-1), giving 12 treatments, three replicates and 36 experimental plots. In the field, apical shoots of blueberry with semi-lignified and vigorous stems were collected. In the laboratory, they were disinfected with fungicide and cut to a size of 7 cm. Subsequently, they were treated with AIB and planted in prepared substrates. After 120 days in the microtunnel, it was observed that blueberry cuttings showed higher survival in sand + coconut fiber (94.7%), rooting (73.8%), root number (6.9), and root growth (9.2). AIB concentrations at 2 and 3 g L-1 had a greater effect on rooting, with values above 60%. The use of suitable substrates and auxin concentrations significantly favors the vegetative propagation of native blueberries. This propagation technique is postulated as a promising alternative for the mass propagation of this species for the conservation and rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems.

RESUMEN En la región Amazonas del Perú, los arándanos nativos se encuentran en zonas altoandinas, donde se asocian con pequeños arbustos y musgos. Estos arándanos prefieren suelos poco profundos con textura arcillo-arenosa y de baja fertilidad. Sin embargo, su población se ve amenazada por su limitada capacidad regenerativa y diversos factores antropogénicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia del ácido indol butírico y del tipo de sustrato en la propagación vegetativa del arándano nativo peruano (Vaccinium sp.) cultivado en microtúnel. El experimento se realizó bajo un diseño completo al azar con arreglo factorial; A: sustrato (arena 100%, arena + fibra de coco 1:1 v/v y fibra de coco 100%) y B: concentraciones de AIB (1, 2 y 3 g L-1) y un testigo (0 g L-1), dando 12 tratamientos, 3 repeticiones y 36 unidades experimentales. En el campo, se recolectaron brotes apicales de arándano con tallos semi-lignificados y vigorosos. En el laboratorio, fueron desinfectados con fungicida y cortados a un tamaño de 7 cm. Posteriormente, se trataron con AIB y se plantaron en sustratos preparados. Tras 120 días en el microtúnel, se observó que los esquejes de arándano mostraron una mayor supervivencia en arena + fibra de coco (94,7%), enraizamiento (73,8%), número de raíces (6,9) y crecimiento radicular (9,2). Las concentraciones de AIB a 2 y 3 g L-1 tuvieron un mayor efecto en el enraizamiento, con valores superiores al 60%. El uso de sustratos y concentraciones adecuadas de auxina favorece significativamente la propagación vegetativa del arándano nativo. Esta técnica de propagación se postula como una alternativa prometedora para la propagación masiva de esta especie con fines de conservación y rehabilitación de ecosistemas degradados.

Abstract. In the contemporary scene, characterized by the rehabilitation of rhetoric, Kenneth Burke (1897-1993) has made decisive contributions that have made him one of the fundamental figures of the “new rhetoric” and, perhaps, of a possible “rhetorical turn”. Through a systematization of the projections of rhetoric in the different moments of his work, this article identifies Burke’s contributions to contemporary rhetoric, weigh the transformations that his approach introduces in the rhetorical tradition, and discuss the range of his rhetorical criticism. In his work, we witness an amplification of rhetorical criticism, to the point of formulating a dialectical and philosophical rhetoric that successively emerges as a rhetoric of philosophy, a philosophy of rhetoric, and a rhetorical or dramatic philosophy. Burke’s rhetorical criticism constitutes a privileged path for any project of general rhetoric and rhetorical renewal.

Resumen. En el escenario contemporáneo, caracterizado por la rehabilitación de la retórica, Kenneth Burke (1897-1993) ha realizado contribuciones decisivas que lo han convertido en una de las figuras fundamentales de la “nueva retórica” y, quizá, de un posible “giro retórico”. Mediante una sistematización de las proyecciones de la retórica en los distintos momentos de su pensamiento, este artículo identifica los aportes de Burke a la retórica contemporánea, sopesa las transformaciones que su enfoque introduce en la tradición retórica y discute los alcances de su crítica retórica. En su obra, asistimos a una amplificación de la crítica retórica hasta la formulación de una retórica dialéctica y filosófica que se perfila, sucesivamente, como una retórica de la filosofía, una filosofía de la retórica y una filosofía retórica o dramática. La crítica retórica burkeana constituye una vía privilegiada para cualquier proyecto de retórica general y de renovación de la retórica.

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre a gravidade da lesão e a funcionalidade em lesões traumáticas da mão. Métodos: Quarenta e quatro pacientes com lesões traumáticas na mão foram incluídos. Os pacientes foram agrupados de acordo com o escore de gravidade da lesão da mão (mHISS) em três grupos: menor, moderado e grave. Foram avaliadas a força de preensão, a força de preensão lateral e o teste de função da mão de Sollerman (SHFT) na 4ª e 12ª semanas. Entre as escalas funcionais, foram utilizados o questionário The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) e o Patient-Rated Hand and Wrist Evaluation (PRWHE), além do Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Resultados: De acordo com o escore total do mHISS, 27,2% dos pacientes foram classificados como tendo lesões menores, 43,1% como tendo lesões moderadas e 29,4% como tendo lesões graves-maiores. As primeiras quatro semanas do período de reabilitação mostraram um aumento estatisticamente significativo tanto na força de preensão quanto nos escores do SHFT. Além disso, a força de preensão e as pontuações SHFT foram significativamente menores em todos os grupos mHISS, com maiores reduções observadas no grupo com lesões mais graves. Foi observada uma correlação positiva significativa entre a pontuação total mHISS e as pontuações PRWHE, DASH e HAQ em todos os acompanhamentos. À medida que a pontuação de gravidade aumentava, a funcionalidade dos pacientes piorava. Conclusão: Avaliar a gravidade da lesão e a funcionalidade nesses pacientes permite o gerenciamento eficaz do tratamento e da reabilitação, melhorando, em última análise, seu estado funcional e sua saúde geral.

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between injury severity and functionality in traumatic hand injuries. Methods: Forty-four patients with traumatic injuries to the hand were included. Patients who were grouped as minor, moderate, and severe-major by Modified Hand Injury Severity Score (mHISS) score, were evaluated with grip strength, lateral grip strength, and Sollerman Hand Function Test (SHFT) at the 4th and 12th weeks. Among the functional scales, The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH) and the Patient-Rated Hand and Wrist Evaluation (PRWHE), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were used. Results: According to the patients' total mHISS score, 27.2% were classified as having minor injuries, 43.1% as having moderate injuries, and 29.4% as having serious-major injuries. The first 4 weeks of the rehabilitation period showed a statistically significant increase in both grip strength and SHFT scores. Furthermore, grip strength and SHFT scores were significantly lower across all mHISS groups, with greater reductions observed in the group with more severe injuries. A significant positive correlation was observed between the total mHISS score and PRWHE, DASH, and HAQ scores in all follow-ups. As the severity score increased, functionality worsened. Conclusion: Assessing the severity of injury and functionality in these patients allows for effective management of treatment and rehabilitation, ultimately improving their functional status and general health.

Resumen Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre la gravedad de la lesión y la funcionalidad en las lesiones traumáticas de la mano. Métodos: Se incluyeron cuarenta y cuatro pacientes con lesiones traumáticas en la mano. Los pacientes se agruparon según la puntuación de la Escala de Gravedad de Lesiones de Mano Modificada (mHISS) en leves, moderados y graves-mayores, y fueron evaluados con la prueba de fuerza de agarre, la prueba de fuerza de agarre lateral y la Prueba de Función de la Mano Sollerman (SHFT) en las semanas 4 y 12. Entre las escalas funcionales utilizadas, se emplearon el cuestionario de Discapacidades del Brazo, Hombro y Mano (DASH), la Evaluación de Mano y Muñeca Calificada por el Paciente (PRWHE), y el Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Salud (HAQ). Resultados: Según la puntuación total de mHISS, el 27,2 % de los pacientes tenían lesiones leves, el 43,1 %, lesiones moderadas y el 29,4 %, lesiones graves-mayores. Las cuatro primeras semanas del período de rehabilitación mostraron un aumento estadísticamente significativo tanto en la fuerza de agarre como en las puntuaciones de la SHFT. Además, la fuerza de agarre y las puntuaciones SHFT fueron significativamente más bajas en todos los grupos de mHISS, y se observaron mayores reducciones en el grupo con lesiones más graves. Se observó una correlación positiva significativa entre la puntuación total de mHISS y las puntuaciones de PRWHE, DASH y HAQ en todos los seguimientos. A medida que aumentaba la puntuación de gravedad, empeoraba la funcionalidad. Conclusión: La evaluación de la gravedad de la lesión y la funcionalidad de estos pacientes permite gestionar eficazmente su tratamiento y rehabilitación, mejorando en última instancia su estado funcional y su salud general.

Abstract The forest soil provides various ecosystem services; however, it does not escape the phenomenon of degradation, a situation that has repercussions on the structure of the forests. This has been particularly noticeable in the La Malinche National Park, a natural protected area in Tlaxcala, Mexico, which has large areas with a variety of disturbance conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the physical and chemical properties of forest soils to obtain quality indicators by means of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Two sites were selected (San Francisco Tetlanohcan and Teolocholco), and five points exhibited different disturbance and vegetation in each site. The results show a higher percentage of sand in all soils (>70 %) than of clay and silt; bulk density >1 g cm-3, low organic matter content in all soils, and variability concerning nutrient content, except for phosphorus content, which was high at all sites, possibly depending on the type of vegetation and the condition at each of the sampling points. The Principal Component Analysis showed that bulk density, porosity, usable moisture, pH, cation exchange capacity, and concentrations of Mn, Na, Cu, B, Ca and K can be used to determine the physical and chemical quality of forest soils, which would support the design of rehabilitation strategies aimed at halting soil degradation within the protected natural area.

Resumen El suelo forestal proporciona diferentes servicios ecosistémicos, pero que no escapan del fenómeno de la degradación, situación que repercute en la estructura de los bosques. Esto ha sido particularmente notable en el Parque Nacional La Malinche, área natural protegida de Tlaxcala, México, la cual tiene grandes superficies con diferentes condiciones de perturbación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar las propiedades físicas y químicas de suelos forestales para obtener indicadores de calidad por medio de un Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP). Se seleccionaron dos sitios (San Francisco Tetlanohcan y Teolocholco) y en cada sitio se establecieron cinco puntos, con diferente condición de perturbación y vegetación. Los resultados muestran un mayor porcentaje de arena en todos los suelos (> 70 %) que de arcilla y limo; densidad aparente >1 g cm-3, contenido de materia orgánica bajo en todos los suelos y una variabilidad respecto a la parte nutrimental; a excepción del contenido de fósforo, que fue alto en todos los sitios, lo que posiblemente depende del tipo de vegetación y de la condición propia de cada uno de los puntos de muestreo. El Análisis de Componentes Principales evidenció que la densidad aparente, porosidad, humedad aprovechable, pH, capacidad de intercambio catiónico y las concentraciones de Mn, Na, Cu, B, Ca y K pueden emplearse para determinar la calidad física y química de los suelos forestales, lo cual apoyaría el diseño de estrategias de rehabilitación encaminadas a detener la degradación de los suelos dentro del área natural protegida.

South African universities are in the midst of rising sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). In the face of a lack of wider institutional commitment to effectively tackle the issue, we have seen an increase in calls to find, name, punish, shame, and expel perpetrators, that is, offending men. While appropriate at times, we propose that this current response to SGBV in tertiary education runs the risk of unintentionally essentialising problematic constructs of masculinity and, due to changing demographics of universities in South Africa, reproducing problematic colonial ideas of Black African cisgender male sexuality. As queer people, we are deeply aware of the machinery of othering, and that individual and systemic dynamics operate in interdependent ways to structure our personal and social relations. Using reflexive action research and autoethnographic memory work, we locate our own experiences of shame and being shamed, calling for dialogue to move beyond simplistic and individualistic solutions towards a theory of individual and social accountability. We invite SGBV practitioners to come together to think more systemically about the social construction of gender and race, the role of institutional systems and cultures, and pedagogical strategies that could bring male perpetrators into a relationship of engagement towards rehabilitation, change, and growth.